Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| high prevalence of viable mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in crohn's disease. | to examine the detection rate of viable mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease [crohn's disease (cd) and ulcerative colitis (uc)]. | 2010 | 20857526 |
| localization of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in artificially inoculated milk and colostrum by fractionation. | the purpose of the study was to determine the distribution of mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) across the main milk and colostrum fractions (cream, curd, and whey). raw milk and colostrum were inoculated with 1 of 2 map strains, atcc 19698 or s-23, yielding initial concentrations of 10(6) to 10(7) cfu/ml. after fractionation, for milk as well as for colostrum, 80 to 90% of the recovered map cells were found in the curd fraction and 10 to 20% in the cream fraction. total map colony ... | 2010 | 20855006 |
| invited review: modeling within-herd transmission of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in dairy cattle: a review. | epidemiological models have been developed to test hypotheses on mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) transmission in a herd, and to compare different paratuberculosis control strategies and alternatives for certification-and-surveillance schemes. the models are simplified representations of existing biological processes tailored to the questions they are intended to answer. such models depend on available knowledge about the underlying processes, notably in relation to pathogen trans ... | 2010 | 20854979 |
| maximizing capture efficiency and specificity of magnetic separation for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis cells. | in order to introduce specificity for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis prior to a phage amplification assay, various magnetic-separation approaches, involving either antibodies or peptides, were evaluated in terms of the efficiency of capture (expressed as a percentage) of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis cells and the percentage of nonspecific binding by other mycobacterium spp. a 50:50 mixture of myone tosylactivated dynabeads coated with the chemically synthesized m. avium subsp. p ... | 2010 | 20851966 |
| estimated prevalence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in herds of dairy goats in france. | a study of the prevalence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) infection in dairy goats was carried out in france, using a serological elisa. one hundred and five herds were randomly selected in different regions, and all the goats aged six months or older (11,847 goats) were sampled. an estimation had previously been made of the accuracy of the elisa, and the rogan-gladen estimator was used to convert apparent prevalence values into estimates of true prevalence values. given ... | 2010 | 20834001 |
| quantification of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) survival in monocyte-derived macrophages. | real-time pcr assays were developed to quantitate mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) in bovine monocyte-derived macrophages. we measured the absolute number of both host cells and bacteria in in vitro challenge assays. results obtained from real-time quantitative pcr (qpcr) dna copy counts were compared to visual quantitation of fluorescent-stained map in macrophages. conclusions from our original visual analysis were supported by the second (qpcr) methodology; however, the qpcr a ... | 2011 | 20832125 |
| genotype diversity in indian isolates of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis recovered from domestic and wild ruminants from different agro-climatic regions. | fecal samples of 708 domestic and 27 wild ruminants from seven districts of three states submitted to microbiology laboratory from 2004 to 2008 were screened for the presence and genotype diversity of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) stusing modified microscopic examination and culture tests. map colonies were characterized and genotyped by is900 pcr and is1311 pcr-rea, respectively. in microscopic examination and culture, 18.7 and 31.2% sampled were positive, respectively. ... | 2010 | 20832117 |
| detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in drinking water and biofilms by quantitative pcr. | it has been suggested that mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis has a role in crohn's disease. the organism may be acquired but is difficult to culture from the environment. we describe a quantitative pcr (qpcr) method to detect m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis in drinking water and the results of its application to drinking water and faucet biofilm samples collected in the united states. | 2010 | 20817803 |
| the interleukin 10 response in ovine johne's disease. | johne's disease is an enteric mycobacterial infection of ruminants that has significant global economic impact. the classic host reaction is one of an early t-cell mediate immune response, with predominant interferon gamma (ifnγ) activity; there is subsequent lowering of this response as animals reach the terminal stages of disease. interleukin (il)-10, which can suppress th1-type and enhance th2-type cytokine production, is considered to play a role in the later stages of johne's disease. to de ... | 2011 | 20817276 |
| detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map)-specific is900 dna and antibodies against map peptides and lysate in the blood of crohn's disease patients. | 2011 | 20815038 | |
| growth rate retardation and inhibitory effect of para-jem(r) blue on mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. | the effect of para-jem(r) blue on mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) inoculated into broth-based culture media was evaluated by using 84 fecal samples with known map status. results showed that growth of the organism in samples inoculated into the broth without the para-jem blue was detectable 1-35 days (average of 6 days) earlier in 35 of the samples (42%) compared with the same samples inoculated in broth with para-jem blue. four additional samples (5%) that were map positiv ... | 2010 | 20807930 |
| correlation between herrold egg yolk medium culture and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction results for mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in pooled fecal and environmental samples. | real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) testing for mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) in fecal samples is a rapid alternative to culture on herrold egg yolk medium (heym), the traditional antemortem reference test for map. although the sensitivity and specificity of these 2 tests have been estimated based on dichotomized test results, the correlation between real-time qpcr threshold cycle (ct) values and colony-forming units (cfu) on heym for fresh and thawed ... | 2010 | 20807920 |
| immunogenicity of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis proteins in crohn's disease patients. | the association between mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) and crohn's disease (cd) is supported by several studies reporting the detection or isolation of map from human tissues, but a direct association is still debatable. | 2011 | 20735153 |
| a longitudinal study to evaluate the diagnostic potential of a direct faecal quantitative pcr test for johne's disease in sheep. | a longitudinal study was carried out to evaluate the diagnostic potential of the previously developed direct faecal real-time quantitative pcr (qpcr) assay (kawaji et al., 2007) for the detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) infected sheep. of the 58 sheep, 38 were orally inoculated with map, while 20 controls were maintained separately from the infected group throughout the trial. all animals were tested by qpcr, faecal culture and serum elisa pre-inoculation and at 4, 8 ... | 2011 | 20729013 |
| age at which dairy cattle become mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis faecal culture positive. | age at which cattle become faecal culture positive for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) can be used as a proxy parameter for age at onset of faecal shedding, which is an important parameter in the control of map in cattle herds. to investigate the age at becoming faecal culture positive, survival analysis methods were applied. the analyses were carried out on asynchronous interval censored data of faecal culture results of samples collected from 18,979 female holstein-frisian ca ... | 2010 | 20708807 |
| gsea-snp identifies genes associated with johne's disease in cattle. | snp-based gene-set enrichment analysis from single nucleotide polymorphisms, or gsea-snp, is a tool to identify candidate genes based on enrichment analysis of sets of genes rather than single snp associations. the objective of this study was to identify modest-effect genes associated with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) tissue infection or fecal shedding using gsea-snp applied to kegg pathways or gene ontology (go) gene sets. the illumina bovine snp50 beadchip was used to geno ... | 2010 | 20706723 |
| absorbed evelisa: a diagnostic test with improved specificity for johne's disease in cattle. | the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) is recommended for johne's disease (jd) control in dairy herds. in 2006, we developed a novel elisa test for jd, named evelisa (elisa using ethanol extract of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis), which showed higher sensitivity than commercial elisa tests. to further investigate the performance of evelisa, we obtained 38 serum samples from cattle in a jd-free herd with suspected cases of serological false-positive reactions. when th ... | 2010 | 20704508 |
| presence of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in environmental samples collected on commercial dutch dairy farms. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, the causative agent of johne's disease in cattle, was identified in settled-dust samples of dutch commercial dairy farms, both in the dairy barn and in the young stock housing. bioaerosols may play a role in within-farm m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis transmission. | 2010 | 20656861 |
| effect of johne's disease status on reproduction and culling in dairy cattle. | among the costs attributed to mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) infection in dairy cattle, the effects on reproduction and culling are the least documented. to estimate the cost of map infections and johne's disease in a dairy herd, the rates of calving and culling were calculated for cows in each stage of map infection relative to uninfected cows. data from 6 commercial dairy herds, consisting of 2,818 cows with 2,754 calvings and 1,483 cullings, were used for analysis. every cow ... | 2010 | 20655419 |
| ovine immune parameters following immunisation against mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis using a lipid-based live-cell vaccine. | current commercial sheep vaccines against mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) are based on the use of live or killed cells from avirulent map strains. these stimulate a mixed immune response, featuring both antibody-based and cell-mediated immunity, and can only confer partial protection against johne's disease but do not prevent infection. this study aimed to identify immune responses in sheep following immunisation with a novel lipid-based live-cell vaccine, drawing compariso ... | 2010 | 20627411 |
| b-cell epitope specificity of carboxy terminus of mycobacterium paratuberculosis modd. | epitope mapping of modd of mycobacterium paratuberculosis was performed using overlapping peptides. in total, 80 overlapping peptides, covering the entire mature modd, were commercially synthesized. each peptide spanned 14 amino acids with an offset of 4 amino acids, i.e., with an overlap of 10 amino acids. synthetic peptide antigenicity was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using rabbit antisera to culture filtrate (cf) of m. avium or m. paratuberculosis or recombinant modd ... | 2010 | 20623405 |
| assessment of food as a source of exposure to mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map). | the national advisory committee on microbiological criteria for foods assessed the importance of food as a source of exposure to mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map). map is the causative agent of johne's disease, which affects primarily the small intestine of all ruminants. the significance of map as a human pathogen is unknown and is being investigated by several research groups. this document also reviews the efficacy of current detection methods, processing interventions, an ... | 2010 | 20615354 |
| culture of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) from blood and extra-intestinal tissues in experimentally infected sheep. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) is the causative agent of johne's disease or paratuberculosis, a chronic enteritis of ruminants, and has been suggested to play a role in crohn's disease in humans. while johne's disease is primarily expressed in the gastrointestinal tract, isolation of map from extra-intestinal tissues indicates that microbial dissemination via the haematogenous route may occur during the infection. consequently, the occurrence of mycobacteraemia and dissemi ... | 2011 | 20609533 |
| bayesian estimation of the receiver operating characteristic curve for a diagnostic test with a limit of detection in the absence of a gold standard. | the receiver operating characteristic (roc) curve is commonly used for evaluating the discriminatory ability of a biomarker. measurements for a diagnostic test may be subject to an analytic limit of detection leading to immeasurable or unreportable test results. ignoring the scores that are beyond the limit of detection of a test leads to a biased assessment of its discriminatory ability, as reflected by indices such as the associated area under the curve (auc). we propose a bayesian approach fo ... | 2010 | 20603894 |
| epitopes of mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis 70kda heat-shock protein activate bovine helper t cells in outbred cattle. | the recombinant 70kda heat-shock protein of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map hsp70) has been shown to be an immunodominant antigen and a subunit vaccine candidate for bovine paratuberculosis. the aim of the present study was to define map hsp70 specific t cell epitopes in cows immunized with map hsp70 and cows experimentally infected with map. nine peptides were shown to induce proliferation and interferon-gamma production by lymphocytes from map hsp70 immunized cattle. from ... | 2010 | 20600507 |
| development of an immunocapture-polymerase chain reaction assay using igy to detect mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | a diagnostic assay using immunomagnetic separation was developed to capture mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) from bovine feces by means of igy derived from chicken eggs. the antibody was coupled directly onto the surface of magacell cellulose/iron oxide beads or indirectly by being mixed with magabeads and a rabbit igg linker against chicken antigen. optimization parameters for the immunocapture included incubation time, temperature, volume, and type of immunocapture beads. anal ... | 2010 | 20592839 |
| veterinarians' perspective on a voluntary johne's disease prevention program in ontario and western canada. | a survey was conducted to assess the beliefs of veterinarians on johne's disease (jd) and their attitudes towards the canadian, risk assessment based, jd prevention program. the veterinarians surveyed believed mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis may have zoonotic potential, liked the risk assessment based program, and thought it could lead to the prevention of other on-farm diseases. | 2010 | 20592831 |
| growth of m. avium subspecies paratuberculosis in culture is enhanced by nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, and α and β nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. | without known mechanisms of action, crohn's disease is exacerbated, and ulcerative colitis is improved, by the use of tobacco. mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) may be zoonotic. we hypothesized that tobacco components might alter the growth kinetics of map, explaining these divergent clinical observations. | 2011 | 20585983 |
| inter-laboratory comparison of radiometric culture for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis using raw milk from known infected herds and individual dairy cattle in victoria. | to compare the results of radiometric culture conducted in three australian laboratories for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (mptb) using bulk vat and individual animal milk samples. | 2010 | 20579029 |
| intracellular ph of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis following exposure to antimicrobial compounds monitored at the single cell level. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is the etiologic agent of johne's disease; moreover, it seems to be implicated in the development of crohn's disease in humans. in the present study, fluorescence ratio imaging microscopy (frim) was used to assess changes in intracellular ph (ph(i)) of one strain of map after exposure to nisin and neutralized cell-free supernatants (ncss) from five bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria (lab) with known probiotic properties. the evaluation of ... | 2010 | 20573414 |
| longitudinal study of clinicopathological features of johne's disease in sheep naturally exposed to mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. | the objective of this study was to describe chronological changes in infection status and enteric lesions of sheep naturally exposed to mycobacterium avium subspecies paratubercuolosis. samples of terminal ileum (ti) and mesenteric lymph node (mln) were collected from 77 merino sheep via surgical biopsy at 12, 18, and 24 months of age and necropsy at 36 months of age. infection status at each sampling period was determined by fecal, ti, and mln culture. quantitative grading schemes were used to ... | 2011 | 20571147 |
| genetic loci involved in antibody response to mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in cattle. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) causes chronic enteritis in a wide range of animal species. in cattle, map causes a chronic disease called johne's disease, or paratuberculosis, that is not treatable and the efficacy of vaccine control is controversial. the clinical phase of the disease is characterised by diarrhoea, weight loss, drop in milk production and eventually death. susceptibility to map infection is heritable with heritability estimates ranging from 0.06 to 0.10. there ... | 2010 | 20559561 |
| specific detection of unamplified mycobacterial dna by use of fluorescent semiconductor quantum dots and magnetic beads. | here we present the development of a specific dna detection method using fluorescent semiconductor quantum dots (qds) and magnetic beads (mbs) for fast detection of mycobacterium spp., dispensing with the need for dna amplification. two biotinylated oligonucleotide probes were used to recognize and detect specific complementary mycobacterial target dna through a sandwich hybridization reaction. cadmium selenite qds conjugated with streptavidin and species-specific probes were used to produce a f ... | 2010 | 20554817 |
| herd management practices and the transmission of johne's disease within infected dairy herds in victoria, australia. | a retrospective cohort study involving 137 dairy herds randomly selected from all 390 participating in the victorian test and control program for bovine johne's disease was undertaken to gain insight into the relationships between calf rearing practices and the occurrence of bovine johne's disease on infected dairy farms. each study farm was visited between july 2005 and january 2006 and a structured survey examining herd management and calf rearing practices was completed. the resultant data, a ... | 2010 | 20554069 |
| comparison of the activities of the lantibiotics nisin and lacticin 3147 against clinically significant mycobacteria. | the aim of this study was to use the microtitre alamarblue assay to investigate and compare the antimycobacterial potential of the lantibiotics nisin and lacticin 3147 against a representative cohort of clinically significant mycobacteria, i.e. mycobacterium tuberculosis h37ra, mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) atcc 19698 and mycobacterium kansasii cit11/06. lacticin 3147 displayed potent activity against all strains of mycobacteria, with mic(90) values (lowest concentration of l ... | 2010 | 20547041 |
| peyer's patch-deficient mice demonstrate that mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis translocates across the mucosal barrier via both m cells and enterocytes but has inefficient dissemination. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, the agent of johne's disease, infects ruminant hosts by translocation through the intestinal mucosa. a number of studies have suggested that m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis interacts with m cells in the peyer's patches of the small intestine. the invasion of the intestinal mucosa by m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis and mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis, a pathogen known to interact with intestinal cells, was compared. m. avium subsp. paratubercu ... | 2010 | 20498259 |
| a large-scale study of differential gene expression in monocyte-derived macrophages infected with several strains of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) is a significant concern to the american and european dairy industries and possibly to human health. map possesses the rare ability to survive and replicate in infected macrophages, cells that are typically able to destroy pathogens. little is known about what changes occur in map-infected macrophages that prevent phagosome maturation and lead to intracellular survival of the bacteria. in this study, a bovine immunologically specific cdna mic ... | 2010 | 20495212 |
| lack of association between the occurrence of crohn's disease and occupational exposure to dairy and beef cattle herds infected with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. | a cross-sectional survey was conducted to identify associations between crohn's disease (cd) and mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) exposure. a questionnaire was used to collect information on exposure to cattle infected with map, and personal and family history of cd in dairy and beef cattle producers with and without map-infected herds, and in veterinarians who did or did not have contact with map-infected herds. cases of cd were selected from respondents and matched 1:4 with cont ... | 2010 | 20494145 |
| genetic association between bovine nod2 polymorphisms and infection by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in holstein-friesian cattle. | nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (nod2) has been reported to be a candidate gene for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) infection in a bos taurus × bos indicus mixed breed based on a genetic association with the c.2197t>c single nucleotide polymorphism (snp). nevertheless, this snp has also been reported to be monomorphic in the b. taurus species. in the present work, 18 snps spanning the bovine nod2 gene have been analysed in a genetic association study of two independ ... | 2010 | 20477790 |
| assessing virulence of vaccine strains of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in a calf model. | the purpose of this investigation was to characterise the virulence of two mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (m.a. paratuberculosis) vaccine strains and compare them with a recent virulent isolate in new born calves over a time course of 8 months post-inoculation. paratuberculosis-free new born calves were inoculated orally with either a vaccine strain (2e or 316f) or a wild type strain (f13) of m.a. paratuberculosis. blood and faecal samples were collected throughout the experimen ... | 2010 | 20472374 |
| consecutive excretion of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in semen of a breeding bull compared to the distribution in feces, tissue and blood by is900 and f57 quantitative real-time pcr and culture examinations. | paratuberculosis (johne's disease) has emerged as one of the most important diseases in cattle. the role of infected bull semen in the spread of infection remains unclear, as the correlation between the amount of excreted mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (semen and feces) and the infection load (blood and tissues) has not been defined. the aim of the present study was to study by culture, and a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, the presence of bacteria in consecutive s ... | 2010 | 20460836 |
| crohn's disease and ruminant farming. got lactase? | crohn's disease (cd) is a well known chronic pathological condition whose aetiology has remained unrecognized for nearly a century. complex immune mechanisms in a specific genetic background causing an abnormal local inflammatory response are thought to be directly responsible for the clinical picture, but no external factor triggering such host responses has been identified. humans lose the capability of breaking down milk lactose early in life and, afterwards, ingestion of large amounts of lac ... | 2010 | 20451331 |
| is mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, the cause of johne's disease in animals, a good candidate for crohn's disease in man? | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) causes johne's disease or paratuberculosis, a gastro intestinal inflammatory condition in ruminants and other animals, which is similar to crohn's disease (cd) that occurs in man. the role of map in the causation of cd has been under intense investigation in the last few decades. this review summarizes the status of map in animals and the food chain and its association with cd in man. | 2010 | 20443099 |
| exposure of young dairy cattle to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) through intensive grazing of contaminated pastures in a herd positive for johne's disease. | this study investigated the susceptibility of 1- to 2-year-old cattle to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) on pasture previously grazed by infected cattle. the exposure of yearling cattle to pastures contaminated with map resulted in infection with map, showing that age resistance to infection can be overcome by pressure of infection. | 2010 | 20436867 |
| estimation of sensitivity and flock-sensitivity of pooled faecal culture for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in sheep. | pooled faecal culture (pfc) is a widely used test in ovine johne's disease (ojd) control programmes in australia but information about its characteristics is limited. we conducted this study to estimate sensitivity and flock-sensitivity of pfc in sheep with different ojd histopathological lesions in simulated flocks with a range of infection prevalence levels. initially, a known quantity of faeces from sheep with pauci- or multibacillary lesions was pooled with uncontaminated faeces from confirm ... | 2010 | 20430455 |
| proposing a relationship between mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection and hashimoto's thyroiditis. | humans are widely exposed to mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map), a proven multi-host chronic enteric pathogen that has recently been linked to autoimmune diabetes. in the present study we used a map species-specific polymerase chain reaction with the insertion element is900-specific probe to detect map infection in members of the same family suffering from hashimoto's thyroiditis. | 2010 | 20429717 |
| partial proteome of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis under oxidative and nitrosative stress. | the growth pattern and protein expression profiles of sheep (s) and cattle (c) strains of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) under oxidative and nitrosative stress were characterised. oxidative stress was induced using 0.05% (v/v) h(2)o(2) in bactec medium, and was lethal for an inoculum of 10(4) cells. however, an inoculum of 10(7) cells survived and proteomic changes were observed at 7 days. nitrosative stress was induced using 1mm nano(2); it slowed the growth of an inoculum of ... | 2010 | 20413229 |
| a survey to detect the presence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in kangaroo island macropods. | the aim of this study was to determine whether mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (m. a. paratuberculosis) infection was present in macropods grazing with infected sheep on kangaroo island in 2001-2002, and to assess the likely role of such infection in the epidemiology of ovine paratuberculosis. ileum and associated lymphatics from 482 macropods were examined using radiometric culture followed by pcr for is900 and restriction endonuclease analysis (rea) for species identification, ... | 2010 | 20400245 |
| 'one health', from science to policy: examples from the israeli experience. | 'the concept of 'one health' aims to help bring about the integration of animal, human and environmental health for the mutual benefit of all. this multidisciplinary approach is of great importance in a variety of fields, from enhancement of breakthroughs in biomedical research, to epidemiological studies and public health policy decision-making. we demonstrate the strength embedded in this approach by using three case studies from israel. we first describe successful scientific collaboration be ... | 2009 | 20391389 |
| mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis viability determination using f57 quantitative pcr in combination with propidium monoazide treatment. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is known to be a very slow-growing organism. the fact that cells typically need several weeks to form visible colonies severely compromises the suitability of plate counting for assessment of viable cell counts. this problem might be overcome by the application of fast molecular methods containing a viability component. we have evaluated a promising technology combining sample treatment with propidium monoazide (pma) prior to dna extraction for s ... | 2010 | 20385417 |
| johne's disease caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in red deer (cervus elaphus): an histopathological grading system, and comparison of paucibacillary and multibacillary disease. | to describe a grading system for evaluating lesions in the small intestine and mesenteric lymph nodes of red deer (cervus elaphus) infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), and report the distribution of granulomas and findings seen in paucibacillary and multibacillary forms of the disease. | 2010 | 20383243 |
| rapid detection methods for viable mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in milk and cheese. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) may have a role in the development of crohn's disease in humans via the consumption of contaminated milk and milk products. detection of map from milk and dairy products has been reported from countries on the european continent, argentina, the uk and australia. in this study three different methods (quantitative real time pcr, combined phage is900 pcr and conventional cultivation) were used to detect the presence of map in bulk tank milk (btm) a ... | 2010 | 20381185 |
| peripheral blood mononuclear cell population changes associated with age and mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection in red deer (cervus elaphus). | in this study we aimed to document the maturation of the immune system in red deer and investigate the hypothesis that an immature immune system may predispose young red deer (cervus elaphus) to an increased susceptibility to johne's disease. peripheral blood mononuclear cell populations were analysed using flow cytometry techniques to monitor changes associated with age and severity of infection with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in red deer. the percentage of cells expressing ... | 2010 | 20378187 |
| localization of proteins in the cell wall of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis k10 by proteomic analysis. | abstract: mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is a pathogen which causes a debilitating chronic enteritis in ruminants. unfortunately, the mechanisms that control m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis persistence during infection are poorly understood and the key steps for developing johne's disease remain elusive. a proteomic analysis approach, based on one dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) followed by lc-ms/ms, was used to identify and characterize the cell wall asso ... | 2010 | 20377898 |
| isolation of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from muscle and peripheral lymph nodes using acid-pepsin digest prior to bactec culture. | meat has received little attention regarding human exposure to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, a possible infectious trigger of crohn's disease. meat has less contamination with other organisms than gut tissues, facilitating modifications to existing decontamination protocols prior to bactec culture that could increase analytical sensitivity. using spiked meat samples we trialled enzymatic and chemical digestion techniques to concentrate larger starting samples, and modifications to ... | 2010 | 20363569 |
| culture-independent techniques applied to food industry water surveillance--a case study. | culture-independent techniques were used for the detection of pathogenic bacteria in drinking water at potentially critical control points along the production lines at a german dairy company and a spanish dry cured ham company. denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) was used to describe bacterial population shifts indicating biological instability in the drinking water samples. autochthonous bacteria were identified by sequencing the excised dgge dna bands. more specifically, real-time ... | 2010 | 20363042 |
| effect of classifying disease states in genetic association studies for paratuberculosis. | genetic association studies are a means to elucidate underlying genetic regulation of host-pathogen interaction, immune response, and the fate of infection. diseases such as paratuberculosis in cattle lack definitive diagnostic criteria, thereby complicating the definition of infection status as an outcome for genetic association studies. a study was performed to evaluate the potential bias in estimates of effect and differences in statistical power associated with parallel test interpretation, ... | 2010 | 20363040 |
| characteristics of an extensive mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis recombinant protein set. | in the first step of a comprehensive large-scale antigen discovery project, 651 genes of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis were expressed in escherichia coli. all of these were purified by affinity chromatography, dialyzed in phosphate buffered saline, and analyzed on sds-page gels. collectively, these purified recombinant proteins represent 14.9% of the total m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis proteome. this volume of protein expression and purification has yielded unique observatio ... | 2010 | 20359537 |
| strain diversity within mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis--a review. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map), is the etiological agent of johne's disease (or paratuberculosis) in animals and has also been linked with crohn's disease of human beings. extreme fastidious nature of the organism (map) has hampered studies on diversity within the organism. studies based on phenotypic properties like growth rate, pigmentation, lipid profile etc., are unable to provide complete information on diversity of map organism in nature. however, with the advent of ... | 2010 | 20358861 |
| map in the environment of dairy herds - a comment. | 2010 | 20357935 | |
| mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis as a trigger of type-1 diabetes: destination sardinia, or beyond? | type 1 diabetes mellitus (t1dm) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease in which the insulin producing beta cell population is destroyed by the infiltrated t lymphocytes. even though the exact cause of t1dm is yet to be ascertained, varying degree of genetic susceptibility and environmental factors have been linked to the disease progress and outcome. mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is an obligate zoonotic pathogen that causes chronic infection of intestines in ruminants, the jo ... | 2010 | 20350307 |
| mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in free-living amoebae isolated from fields not used for grazing. | 2010 | 20348470 | |
| stochastic simulations of a multi-group compartmental model for johne's disease on us dairy herds with test-based culling intervention. | infection elimination may be an important goal of control programs. only in stochastic infection models can true infection elimination be observed as a fadeout. the phenomena of fadeout and variable prevalence are important in understanding the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases and these phenomena are essential to evaluate the effectiveness of control measures. to investigate the stochastic dynamics of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) infection on us dairy herds with ... | 2010 | 20347851 |
| genetic parameters of milk elisa scores for johne's disease. | the objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters of antibody response to mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis using routinely collected minnesota dairy herd improvement milk elisa tests. after all edits, 25,809 tests from 21,514 holstein cows in 282 johne's positive herds were available for analysis. the johne's test results were analyzed both as a binary trait (positive or negative) and as a linear trait as the transformed elisa optical density [ln(od)]. significant fixed eff ... | 2010 | 20338451 |
| identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the bovine solute carrier family 11 member 1 (slc11a1) gene and their association with infection by mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. | johne's disease is a chronic enteritis caused by mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) that causes substantial financial losses for the cattle industry. susceptibility to map infection is reported to be determined in part by genetic factors, so marker-assisted selection could help to obtain bovine populations that are increasingly resistant to map infection. solute carrier family 11 member 1 (slc11a1) was adjudged to be a potential candidate gene because of its role in innate immunity, ... | 2010 | 20338449 |
| successful control of johne's disease in nine dairy herds: results of a six-year field trial. | the objective was to evaluate if a standardized johne's disease control program significantly reduced the prevalence of cattle infected with mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in dairy herds with a moderate to high initial infection prevalence of >or=10% elisa-positive adult cattle. nine wisconsin dairy herds of diverse sizes and management styles completed the 6-yr study. the control program involved changes to heifer rearing practices in combination with a routine testing program. for h ... | 2010 | 20338441 |
| reaction of the developing chicken embryo and the chorioallantoic membrane to inoculation with various strains of mycobacterium paratuberculosis (johne's bacillus). | 1946 | 20275302 | |
| experimental validation of a nested polymerase chain reaction targeting the genetic element ismap02 for detection of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in bovine colostrum. | colostrum samples experimentally inoculated with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map; strain k-10) at increasing concentrations between 1 x 10(1) and 1 x 10(9) cells/ml were tested for recovery of map dna using a nested ismap02 target polymerase chain reaction initially developed for detecting map dna in fecal samples. the following detection rates were achieved for sample replicates inoculated with unsonicated map pure stock: 100% between 1 x 10(7) and 1 x 10(9) cells/ml, 75% betwe ... | 2010 | 20224087 |
| optimization of a whole blood gamma interferon assay for the detection of sheep infected with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. | the capacity of a commercially available gamma interferon (ifngamma) assay to detect infected sheep early in the pathogenesis of johne's disease enables the removal of such animals from the flock before bacterial shedding and pasture contamination. however, nonspecific ifngamma responses in the assay have meant that to achieve high-test specificity, there has been a reduction in sensitivity. although the optimal conditions for the use of the assay in cattle have been well documented, there have ... | 2010 | 20224078 |
| effect of changes in testing parameters on the cost-effectiveness of two pooled test methods to classify infection status of animals in a herd. | monte carlo simulation was used to determine optimal fecal pool sizes for identification of all mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map)-infected cows in a dairy herd. two pooling protocols were compared: a halving protocol involving a single retest of negative pools followed by halving of positive pools and a simple protocol involving single retest of negative pools but no halving of positive pools. for both protocols, all component samples in positive pools were then tested individual ... | 2010 | 20207038 |
| bacterial flora in inflammatory bowel disease. | the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) involves an interaction between host susceptibility (which is partly genetically determined), mucosal immunity and the intestinal milieu. micro-organisms have physiological effects on mucosal structure, epithelial turnover, the intestinal immune cells and, thus, on many intestinal functions. toll-like receptors and nucleotide oligomerisation-binding domain proteins in host cells recognise specific bacterial molecules and modify the immune resp ... | 2010 | 20203504 |
| evaluation of the cell-mediated immune response to reduced doses of mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis vaccine in cattle. | vaccination against johne's disease with an inactivated, oil-adjuvanted mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) bacterin can reduce clinical signs in infected herds; however, the development of indurated swelling at the injection site limits vaccine acceptability to producers. this study determined whether a reduced dose of vaccine antigen, with a full dose of adjuvant, would produce comparable t cell-mediated immune responses with smaller lesions. t cell responses induced by in vitro st ... | 2010 | 20193967 |
| paradigm redux--mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis-macrophage interactions show clear variations between bovine and human physiological body temperatures. | the physiological conditions encountered by pathogenic mycobacteria inside their hosts significantly influence their adaptation, virulence, and gene expression. current in vitro models investigating host-pathogen interactions of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis use 37 degrees c, the normal body temperatures of mice and humans. however since the physiological temperature of map's natural host is 39 degrees c, we hypothesized that host and pathogen behavior to vary considerably in compa ... | 2010 | 20188816 |
| investigation of the association of the slc11a1 gene with resistance/sensitivity of goats (capra hircus) to paratuberculosis. | slc11a1 (solute carrier family 11 member a1) protein is located on the phagolysosome membrane of macrophages and participates in bacterial killing. here we have extended our previous work on the investigation of the potential association of polymorphisms of the 3'untranslated region (utr) of slc11a1 gene with test-positivity of goats to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). blood, serum and faeces were collected from 223 adult goats, from nine goat farms from greece with a long-term ... | 2010 | 20188496 |
| association between mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection and milk production in two california dairies. | the association between mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) and milk production was estimated on 2 california dairies using longitudinal data from 5,926 cows. both study herds had moderate map seroprevalence, housed cows in freestalls, and had johne's disease control programs. cow map status was determined using both serum elisa and fecal culture results from cows tested at dry-off and from whole-herd tests. potential confounders were evaluated based on a causal diagram. mixed models ... | 2010 | 20172223 |
| sensitivity, specificity, and confounding factors of novel serological tests used for the rapid diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in farmed red deer (cervus elaphus). | in this study, novel serological tests were used to detect tuberculosis (tb) in groups of farmed red deer (cervus elaphus) varying in disease status or possible confounding factors. groups of deer naturally or experimentally infected with mycobacterium bovis and animals vaccinated against paratuberculosis were studied, as were uninfected animals and animals naturally or experimentally infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. sera were assayed using two rapid lateral-flow tests, ... | 2010 | 20164247 |
| prevalence of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in adult danish non-dairy cattle sampled at slaughter. | a voluntary, risk-based control program for paratuberculosis in dairy herds was started in 2006 in denmark. the program does not include non-dairy herds, and the occurrence of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) in these herds is unknown. the objective of this study was to establish the prevalence of map infected adult non-dairy cattle in denmark. serum samples were collected between october, 2008 and january, 2009 from every 6th animal over 24 months of age, sent to slaughter to d ... | 2010 | 20153536 |
| rapid identification and differentiation of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis types by use of real-time pcr and high-resolution melt analysis of the map1506 locus. | high-resolution melt (hrm) analysis can identify sequence polymorphisms by comparing the melting curves of amplicons generated by real-time pcr amplification. we describe the application of this technique to identify mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis types i, ii, and iii. the hrm approach was based on type-specific nucleotide sequences in map1506, a member of the ppe (proline-proline-glutamic acid) gene family. | 2010 | 20129970 |
| a bayesian weibull survival model for time to infection data measured with delay. | survival analysis methods can be used to identify factors associated with the time to induction of infection. in the absence of a perfect test, detection of infection is generally delayed and depends on the duration of the latent infection period. we assess, via simulations, the impact of ignoring the delayed detection of infection on estimated survival times and propose a bayesian weibull regression model, which adjusts for the delayed detection of infection. the presence of non-differential de ... | 2010 | 20129683 |
| molecular characterization of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis types ii and iii isolates by a combination of miru-vntr loci. | mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units and variable number tandem repeats typing (miru-vntr) is a useful technique that has been recently applied to characterize members of the mycobacterium avium complex (mac). the aim of this study was to examine the genetic variability among a collection of spanish m. avium subspecies paratuberculosis (m. a. paratuberculosis) isolates with a combination of miru-vntr loci. for this purpose we tested six miru-vntr loci (miru-2, miru-3, vntr-25, vntr-32, vn ... | 2010 | 20116185 |
| absence of mycobacterium avium ss paratuberculosis-specific is900 sequence in intestinal biopsy tissues of indian patients with crohn's disease. | the role of mycobacterium avium ss paratuberculosis (map) in the etiopathology of crohn's disease (cd) remains controversial, because of conflicting reports demonstrating the presence of map-specific insertion sequence from intestinal biopsy tissues of patients clinically diagnosed for the disease. the present study was carried out to investigate the presence of map dna in the intestinal tissues of cd patients to ascertain the relevance of map in indian patients with cd. | 2010 | 20107965 |
| attitudes towards biosecurity practices relevant to johne's disease control on beef cattle farms. | the success of control programs can be improved when producers' attitudes towards these programs are positive. implementation of control programs for chronic diseases are more challenging than those for acute diseases because of the absence of the "cues-to-action" that are associated with acute diseases. johne's disease (jd) is a chronic diarrheal disease of ruminants, and national voluntary control programs exist in several countries. we used a mailed cross-sectional survey to describe the atti ... | 2010 | 20102783 |
| rapid assessment of the viability of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis cells after heat treatment, using an optimized phage amplification assay. | thermal inactivation experiments were carried out to assess the utility of a recently optimized phage amplification assay to accurately enumerate viable mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis cells in milk. ultra-heat-treated (uht) whole milk was spiked with large numbers of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis organisms (10(6) to 10(7) cfu/ml) and dispensed in 100-microl aliquots in thin-walled 200-microl pcr tubes. a primus 96 advanced thermal cycler (peqlab, erlangen, germany) was used to ac ... | 2010 | 20097817 |
| escherichia coli, salmonella, and mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in wild european starlings at a kansas cattle feedlot. | the prevalence of escherichia coli, salmonella spp., and mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolated from the feces of wild european starlings (sturnus vulgaris) humanely trapped at a feedlot in central kansas was assessed. all e. coli and salmonella isolates recovered were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using national antimicrobial resistance monitoring system panels and the e. coli isolates were classified as to their content of genes associated with pathogenic e. coli of bir ... | 2009 | 20095155 |
| comparison of three methods for extraction of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis dna for polymerase chain reaction from broth-based culture systems. | conventional and real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays were used to measure the recovery of dna from mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) extracted with 3 different methods (magmax, dneasy(r), and phenol-chloroform) after growth in a broth-based culture system. of the 304 samples tested, bacterial dna was detected in 197 (65%) of samples after magmax, 156 (51%) after phenol-chloroform, and 123 (40%) after dneasy extractions. by acid-fast stain, 177 (58%) of the sample ... | 2010 | 20093685 |
| surveys for disease agents in introduced elk in arkansas and kentucky. | surveys for disease agents were conducted in introduced free-ranging elk (cervus elaphus nelsoni) in arkansas and kentucky. elk had been captured in colorado and nebraska and released in arkansas during 1981-1985. from 1997 through 2002 elk were captured in arizona, kansas, north dakota, new mexico, oregon, and utah and released in southeastern kentucky. specimens were collected from 170 hunter-killed elk in arkansas during 1998-2006, and 44 elk in kentucky during 2001-2004. significant findings ... | 2010 | 20090032 |
| molecular detection and typing of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from milk samples of dairy animals. | genotyping of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) is important for precise classification of bacterium and for understanding the molecular epidemiology. the present study reports detection and typing of the map from milk. on the basis of clinical signs of diarrhea and/or weakness, the dairy animals suspected for johne's disease were screened by ziehl-neelsen staining of fecal samples. the milk samples from 13 selected animals were processed for dna extraction and direct is900 p ... | 2010 | 20082257 |
| the role of infection in the aetiology of inflammatory bowel disease. | we have greatly increased our understanding of the genetics of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) in the last decade; however, migrant studies highlight the importance of environment in disease risk. the possibility that ibd is an infection has been debated since the first description of crohn's disease. mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis was the first organism to be suggested as an ibd pathogen, and it has been argued that it fulfils koch's postulates and could be designated the cause of crohn' ... | 2010 | 20076977 |
| a principal component regression based genome wide analysis approach reveals the presence of a novel qtl on bta7 for map resistance in holstein cattle. | bovine johne's disease (jd), caused by mycobacterium avium spp. paratuberculosis (map), causes significant losses to the dairy and beef cattle industries. effective vaccination or therapeutic strategies against this disease are currently unavailable and infected animals either get culled or die due to clinical disease. an alternative strategy to manage the disease is to selectively breed animals with enhanced resistance to map infection. therefore, the objective of this study was to identify gen ... | 2010 | 20060464 |
| longitudinal study of the distribution of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the environment of dairy herds in the michigan johne's disease control demonstration herd project. | the objective of this study was to describe the distribution of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) in the environment of infected dairy farms over time. johne's disease (jd) prevalence was monitored annually in 7 michigan dairy herds. environmental samples were collected bi-annually and cultured for map. of 731 environmental samples that were cultured, 81 (11%) were positive. the lactating cow floor and manure storage areas were the areas most commonly contaminated, representing 3 ... | 2009 | 20046602 |
| assessment of live candidate vaccines for paratuberculosis in animal models and macrophages. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (basonym m. paratuberculosis) is the causative agent of paratuberculosis, a chronic enteritis of ruminants. to control the considerable economic effect that paratuberculosis has on the livestock industry, a vaccine that induces protection with minimal side effects is required. we employed transposon mutagenesis and allelic exchange to develop three potential vaccine candidates, which were then tested for virulence with macrophages, mice, and goats. all ... | 2010 | 20038535 |
| detection of spatial and temporal spread of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the environment of a cattle farm through bio-aerosols. | environmental samples were collected to investigate the spatial and temporal spread of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) in a dairy cattle barn before and after the introduction of two groups of map-shedding animals. samples collected off the floor of the barn reflected the moment of sampling whereas samples collected by microfiber wipes at a minimal of 3m height contained the accumulated settled dust over a 3-week period. samples were analysed by is900 qpcr for the presence of m ... | 2010 | 20036081 |
| a specific induction of interleukin-10 by the map41 recombinant ppe antigen of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | interleukin-10 (il-10) is not only an essential immunoregulator in host immunity, but also it accounts for the intracellular survival of mycobacteria because of its inhibitory activity against anti-mycobacterial functions of macrophage. it has been also indicated that blood cells from calves infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) produce a large amount of il-10 after stimulation with map antigen, and it leads to suppression of interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) production in t ... | 2010 | 20018382 |
| lack of evidence for fecal shedding of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in calves born to fecal culture positive dams. | the objective was to detect presence of calves excreting mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) in their feces as a consequence of being born to map fecal culture positive (vs. negative) dams. for each cow that was about to calf, approximately 10g of feces was collected manually by the herdsmen from the rectum using a disposable plastic examination sleeve within 48-72h prior to actual calving. between 1 and 3d of birth, herd personnel collected approximately 10g of fecal samples follo ... | 2010 | 20015557 |
| associations between reproductive performance and seropositivity for bovine leukemia virus, bovine viral-diarrhea virus, mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, and neospora caninum in canadian dairy cows. | our objective was to investigate effects of seropositivity for bovine leukemia virus (blv), type 1 bovine viral-diarrhea virus (bvdv), mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map), and neospora caninum (nc), and their possible interactions, on reproductive efficiency (specifically, first-service conception [fsc], and calving interval [ci]) in dairy cows. the sample population included up to 30 randomly selected animals from 179 randomly selected farms in five provinces in canada, from w ... | 2010 | 20015556 |
| age susceptibility of red deer (cervus elaphus) to paratuberculosis. | the aim of this study was to measure the relative susceptibility of three age classes of red deer (cervus elaphus) to the various manifestations of infection and disease states due to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) after experimental oral challenge. three groups of seronegative female deer (30 three-month-old weaners, 20 fifteen-month-old yearlings and 20 adults) received four oral doses of approximately 10(9) colony forming units (cfu) of a bovine strain of map. they were mon ... | 2010 | 20005645 |
| susceptibility to paratuberculosis infection in cattle is associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms in toll-like receptor 2 which modulate immune responses against mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. | paratuberculosis is a chronic intestinal infection in ruminants, caused by mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map). to study the role of host genetics in disease susceptibility, the toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) gene, selected based on its potential role in immunity to mycobacterial infections, was analyzed for single nucleotide polymorphisms (snp) and their potential association with disease. for snp discovery and to study snp association with disease, a case-control study including ... | 2010 | 20005587 |
| an economic decision support tool for simulating paratuberculosis control strategies in a uk suckler beef herd. | a dynamic, deterministic, economic simulation model was developed to estimate the costs and benefits of controlling mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (johne's disease) in a suckler beef herd. the model is intended as a demonstration tool for veterinarians to use with farmers. the model design process involved user consultation and participation and the model is freely accessible on a dedicated website. the 'user-friendly' model interface allows the input of key assumptions and farm spe ... | 2010 | 20004032 |
| the role of infection in inflammatory bowel disease: initiation, exacerbation and protection. | inflammatory bowel disease, a collective term for ulcerative colitis and crohn's disease, is a chronic, immune-mediated disease of the gastrointestinal tract that develops in genetically susceptible individuals. the role of infection in the development of inflammatory bowel disease is underscored by various clinical observations, such as the delayed age of onset, suggesting that childhood exposure to pathogens is essential, and the clinical improvement that follows decreasing bacterial intestina ... | 2009 | 19960852 |
| seroprevalence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in cattle in korea. | 2009 | 19946127 |