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pvv3, a new shuttle vector for gene expression in vibrio vulnificus.an efficient electroporation procedure for vibrio vulnificus was designed using the new cloning vector pvv3 (3,107 bp). transformation efficiencies up to 2 × 10(6) transformants per μg dna were achieved. the vector stably replicated in both v. vulnificus and escherichia coli and was also successfully introduced into vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio cholerae. to demonstrate the suitability of the vector for molecular cloning, the green fluorescent protein (gfp) gene and the vvhba hemolysin oper ...201424362421
[antimicrobial resistance and virulence characteristics of vibrio parahaemolyticus].to explore drug resistance and virulence characteristics of clinically isolated vibrio parahaemolyticus (vp).201324360109
effectors of animal and plant pathogens use a common domain to bind host phosphoinositides.bacterial type iii secretion systems deliver effectors into host cells to manipulate cellular processes to the advantage of the pathogen. many host targets of these effectors are found on membranes. therefore, to identify their targets, effectors often use specialized membrane-localization domains to localize to appropriate host membranes. however, the molecular mechanisms used by many domains are unknown. here we identify a conserved bacterial phosphoinositide-binding domain (bpd) that is found ...201324346350
the vibrio parahaemolyticus effector vopc mediates cdc42-dependent invasion of cultured cells but is not required for pathogenicity in an animal model of infection.vibrio parahaemolyticus is a gram-negative marine bacterium that causes acute gastroenteritis in humans. the virulence of v. parahaemolyticus is dependent upon a type iii secretion system (t3ss2). one effector for t3ss2, vopc, is a homologue of the catalytic domain of cytotoxic necrotizing factor (cnf), and was recently reported to be a rho family gtpase activator and to be linked to internalization of v. parahaemolyticus by non-phagocytic cultured cells. here, we provide direct evidence that vo ...201424345190
relationship of aquatic environmental factors with the abundance of vibrio cholerae, vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio mimicus and vibrio vulnificus in the coastal area of guaymas, sonora, mexico.members of the genus vibrio are common in aquatic environments. among them are v. cholerae, v. vulnificus, v. parahaemolyticus and v. mimicus. several studies have shown that environmental factors, such as temperature, salinity, and dissolved oxygen, are involved in their epidemiology. therefore, the main objective of this study is to determine if there is a correlation between the presence/amount of v. cholerae, v, vulnificus, v. parahaemolyticus and v. mimicus and the environmental conditions ...201324334844
genome anatomy of the gastrointestinal pathogen, vibrio parahaemolyticus of crustacean origin.vibrio parahaemolyticus, an important human pathogen, is associated with gastroenteritis and transmitted through partially cooked seafood. it has become a major concern in the production and trade of marine food products. the prevalence of potentially virulent and pathogenic v. parahaemolyticus in raw seafood is of public health significance. here we describe the genome sequence of a v. parahaemolyticus isolate of crustacean origin which was cultured from prawns in 2008 in selangor, malaysia (is ...201324330647
a modified molecular beacons-based multiplex real-time pcr assay for simultaneous detection of eight foodborne pathogens in a single reaction and its application.foodborne disease outbreaks are often caused by one of the major pathogens. early identification of the causal pathogen is crucial for disease control and prevention. we describe a real-time polymerase chain reaction (rtpcr) assay that can identify, in a single reaction, up to eight common foodborne bacterial pathogens, including salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli o157, vibrio parahaemolyticus, v. vulnificus, campylobacter jejuni, enterobacter sakazakii ...201424328501
subversion of inflammasome activation and pyroptosis by pathogenic bacteria.activation of the inflammasome occurs in response to a notably high number of pathogenic microbes and is a broad innate immune response that effectively contributes to restriction of pathogen replication and generation of adaptive immunity. activation of these platforms leads to caspase-1- and/or caspase-11-dependent secretion of proteins, including cytokines, and induction of a specific form of cell death called pyroptosis, which directly or indirectly contribute for restriction of pathogen rep ...201324324933
cloning and identification of a novel nhad-type na+/h+ antiporter from metagenomic dna of the halophilic bacteria in soil samples around daban salt lake.in this study, metagenomic dna was screened for the na(+)/h(+) antiporter gene from the halophilic bacteria in daban salt lake by selection in escherichia coli knabc lacking three major na(+)/h(+) antiporters. one gene designated as hb_nhad encoding a novel nhad-type na(+)/h(+) antiporter was finally cloned. the presence of hb_nhad conferred tolerance of e. coli knabc to up to 0.5 m nacl and 0.2 m licl, and an alkaline ph. hb_nhad has the highest identity (70.6%) with a putative nhad-type na(+)/ ...201424297704
identification of outer membrane proteins altered in response to uvc-radiation in vibrio parahaemolyticus and vibrio alginolyticus.vibrio parahaemolyticus and v. alginolyticus, marine foodborne pathogens, were treated with uvc-radiation (240 j/m(2)) to evaluate alterations in their outer membrane protein profiles. outer membrane protein patterns of uvc-irradiated bacteria were found altered when analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. altered proteins were identified by mass spectrometry (ms and ms/ms) and analysis revealed that ompw, ompa, long-chain fatty acid transport protein, outer membr ...201224293727
seasonal effects of heat shock on bacterial populations, including artificial vibrio parahaemolyticus exposure, in the pacific oyster, crassostrea gigas.during the warmer summer months, oysters are conditioned to spawn, resulting in massive physiological efforts for gamete production. moreover, the higher temperatures during the summer typically result in increased bacteria populations in oysters. we hypothesized that these animals are under multiple stresses that lead to possible immune system impairments during the summer months that can possibly lead to death. here we show that in the summer and the fall animals exposed to a short heat stress ...201424290632
molecular characterization, phylogeny and expression of a hepcidin gene in the blotched snakehead channa maculata.a hepcidin-like gene (cmhep) was cloned and characterized from the liver of the blotched snakehead channa maculata. the complete cmhep cdna was 756 bp in length, containing an open reading frame of 270 bp (encoding 89 amino acids), flanked by 210 bp and 276 bp of 5' and 3' untranslated regions, respectively. the deduced peptide of 89 amino acids consisted of 24 aa, 40 aa and 25 aa for signal peptide, prodomain and mature peptide, respectively. the mature peptide had eight cysteines at the identi ...201424287270
a dual-color flow cytometry protocol for the simultaneous detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus and salmonella typhimurium using aptamer conjugated quantum dots as labels.a sensitive, specific method for the collection and detection of pathogenic bacteria was demonstrated using quantum dots (qds) as a fluorescence marker coupled with aptamers as the molecular recognition element by flow cytometry. the aptamer sequences were selected using a bacterium-based selex strategy in our laboratory for vibrio parahaemolyticus and salmonella typhimurium that, when applied in this method, allows for the specific recognition of the bacteria from complex mixtures including shr ...201324267076
vibrio parahaemolyticus andvibrio alginolyticus: short generation-time marine bacteria.the growth rates of 30 different strains ofvibrio parahaemolyticus andvibrio alginolyticus at 37°c was determined. each species consists of two major groups, one having a short generation time (12-14 min) and one with a longer generation time (20-25 min). the diversity in generation times of different strains belonging to the same species is discussed. the effect of temperature, salt, and nutrient concentrations on the growth rate of onev. alginolyticus strain (ncmb 1803) was studied. the most s ...197424241024
engineering production of functional scfv antibody in e. coli by co-expressing the molecule chaperone skp.single-chain variable fragment (scfv) is a class of engineered antibodies generated by the fusion of the heavy (vh) and light chains (vl) of immunoglobulins through a short polypeptide linker. scfv play a critical role in therapy and diagnosis of human diseases, and may in fact also be developed into a potential diagnostic and/or therapeutic agent. however, the fact that current scfv antibodies have poor stability, low solubility, and affinity, seriously limits their diagnostic and clinical impl ...201324224158
customizable pcr-microplate array for differential identification of multiple pathogens.customizable pcr-microplate arrays were developed for the rapid identification of salmonella typhimurium, salmonella saintpaul, salmonella typhi, shigella dysenteriae, escherichia coli o157:h7, francisella tularensis subsp. tularensis, francisella tularensis subsp. novicida, vibrio cholerae, vibrio parahaemolyticus, yersinia pestis, and yersinia pseudotuberculosis. previously, we identified highly specific primers targeting each of these pathogens. here, we report the development of customizable ...201324215700
genes similar to the vibrio parahaemolyticus virulence-related genes tdh, tlh, and vscc2 occur in other vibrionaceae species isolated from a pristine estuary.detection of the human pathogen vibrio parahaemolyticus often relies on molecular biological analysis of species-specific virulence factor genes. these genes have been employed in determinations of v. parahaemolyticus population numbers and the prevalence of pathogenic v. parahaemolyticus strains. strains of the vibrionaceae species photobacterium damselae, vibrio diabolicus, vibrio harveyi, and vibrio natriegens, as well as strains similar to vibrio tubiashii, were isolated from a pristine salt ...201424212573
vibrio vulnificus bacteriophage ssp002 as a possible biocontrol agent.a novel vibrio vulnificus-infecting bacteriophage, ssp002, belonging to the siphoviridae family, was isolated from the coastal area of the yellow sea of south korea. host range analysis revealed that the growth inhibition of phage ssp002 is relatively specific to v. vulnificus strains from both clinical and environmental samples. in addition, a one-step growth curve analysis and a bacteriophage stability test revealed a latent period of 65 min, a burst size of 23 ± 2 pfu, as well as broad temper ...201424212569
translocation of vibrio parahaemolyticus across an in vitro m cell model.consumption of vibrio parahaemolyticus via contaminated shellfish results in inflammatory gastroenteritis characterised by severe diarrhoea, nausea and stomach cramps. this study investigated the translocation of v. parahaemolyticus across a peyer's patch m cell-like caco-2/raji b co-culture model system, as m cells represent a primary site of infection for many pathogenic bacteria. vibrio parahaemolyticus translocated across co-culture monolayers in higher numbers as compared to caco-2 monolaye ...201424188736
identification of a molecular signature unique to metal-reducing gammaproteobacteria.functional genes required for microbial (dissimilatory) metal reduction display high sequence divergence, which limits their utility as molecular biomarkers for tracking the presence and activity of metal-reducing bacteria in natural and engineered systems. in the present study, homologs of the outer membrane beta-barrel protein mtrb of metal-reducing gammaproteobacteria were found to contain a unique n-terminal cxxc motif that was missing from mtrb homologs of nonmetal-reducing gammaproteobacte ...201424188569
multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assays for simultaneous detection of vibrio cholerae, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and vibrio vulnificus.a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) method was developed for the identification of three vibrio species: vibrio cholerae, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and vibrio vulnificus.201324159544
defining the niche of vibrio parahaemolyticus during pre- and post-monsoon seasons in the coastal arabian sea.the bacteria vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important component of coastal ecosystems worldwide, and in recent years, v. parahaemolyticus has caused several cases of food-borne gastroenteritis. however, research investigating which parameters are important in regulating v. parahaemolyticus abundance in tropical areas with relatively stable temperatures and salinity are largely lacking. the objective here was to investigate which environmental forces are driving elevated abundances of v. parahaemo ...201424158690
contamination by vibrio parahaemolyticus and its virulent strains in seafood marketed in thailand, vietnam, malaysia, and indonesia.infections by virulent strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus are frequently reported in southeast asia. this is due to the frequent seafood contamination by virulent strains. in this study conducted from 2008 to 2011, seafood like fish, shrimp, squid, crab, and molluscan shellfish were purchased from provinces in thailand and three southeast asian countries and examined for the prevalence of three genetic markers of v. parahaemolyticus (species-specific gene: toxr gene, virulence genes: tdh and trh ...201324155650
vibrio cholerae and vibrio parahaemolyticus detected in seafood products from senegal.the detection of pathogenic vibrio in seafood from senegal has generated five food alerts in the european union. to investigate the presence and abundance vibrio cholerae and vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafood and coastal and estuarine waters, 123 seafood samples and 52 water samples were collected during 2007-2009 from two large seafood markets in dakar, and from different oceanic and estuarine areas of the country. v. parahaemolyticus was detected in 30.1% of seafood samples, whereas presence ...201324147655
exsa and lcrf recognize similar consensus binding sites, but differences in their oligomeric state influence interactions with promoter dna.exsa activates type iii secretion system (t3ss) gene expression in pseudomonas aeruginosa and is a member of the arac family of transcriptional regulators. arac proteins contain two helix-turn-helix (hth) dna binding motifs. one helix from each hth motif inserts into the major groove of the dna to make base-specific contacts with the promoter region. the amino acids that comprise the hth motifs of exsa are nearly identical to those in lcrf/virf, the activators of t3ss gene expression in the path ...201324142246
an ldla domain-containing c-type lectin is involved in the innate immunity of eriocheir sinensis.c-type lectins (ctls) have crucial functions in recognizing and eliminating pathogens in innate immunity. this study identified a novel low-density lipoprotein receptor class a (ldla) domain-containing ctl, designated as esctldcp, from the chinese mitten crab eriocheir sinensis. the esctldcp cdna is 1258 bp long, with a 975 bp open reading frame that encodes a 324-amino acid protein. esctldcp contains a signal peptide, an ldla, and a single c-type lectin-like domain. esctldcp was only expressed ...201424140432
molecular characterisation of a multidrug resistance conjugative plasmid from vibrio parahaemolyticus.vibrio parahaemolyticus is a major causative agent of gastroenteritis and is the leading cause of food-borne illness in hong kong. recent studies of resistance to extended-spectrum β-lactams and fluoroquinolones in v. parahaemolyticus have caused huge concern. this work reports the characterisation of a multidrug resistance conjugative plasmid in v. parahaemolyticus isolated from shrimp samples from hong kong. the plasmid is ca. 200 kb and carries multidrug resistance genes, including a novel pl ...201324139885
epidemiology and etiology characteristics of foodborne outbreaks caused by vibrio parahaemolyticus during 2008-2010 in guangdong province, china.vibrio parahaemolyticus infection has been considered the leading cause of bacterial illnesses mainly associated with seafood consumption in guangdong province in china. in this study, epidemiological and etiological characteristics of 36 v. parahaemolyticus outbreaks that occurred from 2008 to 2010 in guangdong province were analyzed; 284 strains involved were characterized by serotyping; virulence genes and 66 strains from four outbreaks therein were subtyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresi ...201424138080
a predictive model for assessment of decontamination effects of lactic acid and chitosan used in combination on vibrio parahaemolyticus in shrimps.vibrio parahaemolyticus is a major causative agent of human gastroenteritis in seafood products including shrimps. lactic acid and chitosan are natural antimicrobials for food decontamination in the washing process of seafood. in this research, a 4-factor response surface model based on the box-behnken experimental design was developed to evaluate the effects of lactic acid (1%, 2%, and 3%, v/v), chitosan (0.4%, 1%, and 1.6%, w/v), rotational rate (90, 110, and 130 rpm) and washing time (10, 20, ...201324135668
characterization of a novel zinc transporter znua acquired by vibrio parahaemolyticus through horizontal gene transfer.vibrio parahaemolyticus is a clinically important foodborne pathogen that causes acute gastroenteritis worldwide. it has been shown that horizontal gene transfer (hgt) contributes significantly to virulence development of v. parahaemolyticus. in this study, we identified a novel znua homolog (vpa1307) that belongs to a novel subfamily of znua, a bacterial zinc transporter. the vpa1307 gene is located upstream of the v. parahaemolyticus pathogenicity island (vp-pais) in both tdh-positive and trh- ...201324133656
spread of pacific northwest vibrio parahaemolyticus strain. 201324131194
[molecular characterization of vibrio parahaemolyticus collected from human infections in shenzhen, between 2002 and 2008].to determine the occurrence and distribution of specific clones of pathogenic vibrio parahaemolyticus(vp)isolated in shenzhen and to assess the relationship between serotype o3:k6 and the globally distributed pandemic clone.201324125615
the bacterial effector vopl organizes actin into filament-like structures.vopl is an effector protein from vibrio parahaemolyticus that nucleates actin filaments. vopl consists of a vopl c-terminal domain (vcd) and an array of three wasp homology 2 (wh2) motifs. here, we report the crystal structure of the vcd dimer bound to actin. the vcd organizes three actin monomers in a spatial arrangement close to that found in the canonical actin filament. in this arrangement, wh2 motifs can be modeled into the binding site of each actin without steric clashes. the data suggest ...201324120140
fatty acid profiles of vibrio parahaemolyticus and its changes with environment.the fatty acid (fa) profiles of 15 strains representing four genera (vibrio, pseudomonas, aeromonas, and shewanella) and seven species were compared by capillary gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. fa fingerprints of vibrio parahaemolyticus were established by similarity calculation and principle component analysis. this provided a simple measure for distinguishing v. parahaemolyticus from other bacteria. the similarity scores indicated by correlation coefficient and vector cosin ...201524114713
modeling the thermoultrasound inactivation of vibrio parahaemolyticus in raw peeled shrimps.vibrio parahaemolyticus has been identified as a causative agent for seafoodborne diseases worldwide. the effect of thermoultrasound treatment on the survival of v. parahaemolyticus in raw peeled shrimps was investigated in this study as an alternative bacterial inactivation method in seafood as part of the postharvest washing process. raw peeled shrimps inoculated with v. parahaemolyticus were treated with mild heat (47, 50, and 53°c) combined with ultrasound (0, 96, 150, and 204 w) based on a ...201324112570
characteristic and functional analysis of toll-like receptors (tlrs) in the lophotrocozoan, crassostrea gigas, reveals ancient origin of tlr-mediated innate immunity.the evolution of tlr-mediated innate immunity is a fundamental question in immunology. here, we report the characterization and functional analysis of four tlr members in the lophotrochozoans crassostreagigas (cgtlrs). all cgtlrs bear a conserved domain organization and have a close relationship with tlrs in ancient non-vertebrate chordates. in hek293 cells, every cgtlr could constitutively activate nf-κb responsive reporter, but none of the pamps tested could stimulate cgtlr-activated nf-κb ind ...201324098508
the syp enhancer sequence plays a key role in transcriptional activation by the σ54-dependent response regulator sypg and in biofilm formation and host colonization by vibrio fischeri.biofilm formation by vibrio fischeri is a complex process that requires multiple regulators. one such regulator, the ntrc-like response regulator sypg, controls biofilm formation and host colonization by v. fischeri via its impact on transcription of the symbiosis polysaccharide (syp) locus. sypg is predicted to activate syp transcription by binding to the syp enhancer (se), a conserved sequence located upstream of four syp promoters. in this study, we performed an in-depth analysis of the seque ...201324097942
potential use of chitosan nanoparticles for oral delivery of dna vaccine in black seabream acanthopagrus schlegelii bleeker to protect from vibrio parahaemolyticus.to develop an effective and easy-to-administer vaccine against vibriosis of fish, the chitosan nanoparticles-loaded dna vaccine against vibrio parahaemolyticus was studied. a dna vaccine was constructed using the outer membrane protein k (ompk) gene of v. parahaemolyticus strain (os4) and pegfp-n2 , a eukaryotic expression vector, and the construct was named pegfp-n2 -ompk (pdna). the pdna was encapsulated in chitosan particles (chitosan/pdna). the effective diameter, mean diameter and polydispe ...201324093149
the mosaic accessory gene structures of the sxt/r391-like integrative and conjugative elements derived from vibrio spp. isolated from aquatic products and environment in the yangtze river estuary, china.the emergence, resurgence and spread of human food-borne pathogenic vibrios are one of the major contributors to disease burden and mortality particularly in developing countries with disputable sanitary conditions. previous research on pathogenic vibrio cholerae and vibrio parahaemolitycus derived from clinical samples has proposed links between acquisition of virulence and multiple drug resistance traits and intercellular transmissibility of mobile genetic elements in the environment. to date, ...201324074349
antibiotic resistance and molecular typing among cockle (anadara granosa) strains of vibrio parahaemolyticus by polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based analysis.genomic dna of vibrio parahaemolyticus were characterized by antibiotic resistance, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (eric-pcr) and random amplified polymorphic dna-polymerase chain reaction (rapd-pcr) analysis. these isolates originated from 3 distantly locations of selangor, negeri sembilan and melaka (east coastal areas), malaysia. a total of 44 (n = 44) of tentatively v. parahaemolyticus were also examined for the presence of toxr, tdh and trh gene. o ...201424068534
cell-free synthesis of functional thermostable direct hemolysins of vibrio parahaemolyticus.vibrio parahaemolyticus is a recognized enteropathogen causing diarrhea in humans and is one of the major causes of seafoodborne gastroenteritis. an important virulence factor is thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh), a pore-forming toxin, which is able to lyse eukaryotic cells. the active toxin is a tetramer of four identical protein subunits, which is secreted by the pathogen after cleavage of a signal peptide. to establish diagnostic detection systems for tdh we expressed the hemolysin with and ...201324060377
zebrafish as a model for vibrio parahaemolyticus virulence.vibrio parahaemolyticus is a gram-negative, naturally occurring marine bacterium. subpopulations of strains belonging to this species cause an acute self-limiting gastroenteritis in humans and, less commonly, wound infections. in vivo models to differentiate avirulent and virulent strains and evaluate the pathogenic potential of strains of this species have been largely focused on the presence of known virulence factors such as the thermostable direct haemolysin (tdh), the tdh-related haemolysin ...201324056807
association of a d-alanyl-d-alanine carboxypeptidase gene with the formation of aberrantly shaped cells during the induction of viable but nonculturable vibrio parahaemolyticus.vibrio parahaemolyticus is a halophilic gram-negative bacterium that causes human gastroenteritis. when the viable but nonculturable (vbnc) state of this bacterium was induced by incubation at 4°c in morita minimal salt solution containing 0.5% nacl, the rod-shaped cells became coccoid, and various aberrantly shaped intermediates were formed in the initial stage. this study examined the factors that influence the formation of these aberrantly shaped cells. the proportion of aberrantly shaped cel ...201324056454
quorum sensing modulates transcription of cpsq-mfpabc and mfpabc in vibrio parahaemolyticus.vibrio parahaemolyticus apha and opar are the two master regulators of quorum sensing (qs) that are abundantly produced and operate at low cell density (lcd) and high cell density (hcd), respectively, with an outcome of reciprocally gradient production of these two proteins with transition between lcd and hcd. the cpsq-mfpabc gene cluster is transcribed as two operons cpsq-mfpabc and mfpabc in v. parahaemolyticus. mfpabc is a putative membrane fusion transporter that contributes to biofilm devel ...201324036587
microbiological quality of salmon (salmo salar) sold in cities of the state of são paulo, brazil.the present paper evaluated the microbiology of salmon by quantifying mesophilic heterotrophic microorganisms, total and thermotolerant coliforms, and the presence of vibrio parahaemolyticus, staphylococcus aureus, salmonella sp., escherichia coli and aeromonas sp. in the meat. this study can provide technical support for the suggestion of a new regulation of a brazilian legislation through specific microbiological standards concerning the consumption of raw fish. a number of 31 (16 cooled and 1 ...201224031968
antibiotic resistance of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from pond-reared litopenaeus vannamei marketed in natal, brazil.ten out of fifty fresh and refrigerated samples of shrimp (litopenaeus vannamei) collected from retailers in natal (rio grande do norte, northeastern brazil) tested positive for vibrio parahaemolyticus. the kanagawa test and multiplex pcr assays were used to detect tdh and trh hemolysins and the tdh, trh and tlh genes, respectively. all strains were kanagawa-negative and tlh-positive. antibiotic susceptibility testing was done for seven antibiotics by the agar diffusion technique. five strains ( ...201124031779
adherence assays and slime production of vibrio alginolyticus and vibrio parahaemolyticus.in this study we investigated the phenotypic slime production of vibrio alginolyticus and vibrio parahaemolyticus strains, food-borne pathogens, using a congo red agar plate assay. furthermore, we studied their ability to adhere to abiotic surfaces and vero cells line. our results showed that only v. alginolyticus atcc 17749 was a slime-producer developing almost black colonies on congo red agar plate. adherence to glace tube showed that all v. alginolyticus strains were more adherent than v. pa ...200924031378
detection of vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio vulnificus and vibrio cholerae with respect to seasonal fluctuations in temperature and plankton abundance.over a 1-year period, bi-monthly estuarine surface water and plankton samples (63-200 and > 200 μm fractions) were assayed by polymerase chain reaction for the prevalence of total vibrio parahaemolyticus, v. vulnificus and v. cholerae and select genes associated with clinical strains found in each species. neither temperature nor plankton abundance was a significant correlate of total v. parahaemolyticus; however, the prevalence of genes commonly associated with clinical strains (trh, tdh, orf8) ...201424024909
[study on the serotype, virulence genes and pulsed field gel electrophoresis molecular typing of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from clinical patients].to investigate the serotype virulence genes and molecular typing characteristics of vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from diarrhea samples among 2007 -2012.201324024376
characterization of micrornas in mud crab scylla paramamosain under vibrio parahaemolyticus infection.infection of bacterial vibrio parahaemolyticus is common in mud crab farms. however, the mechanisms of the crab's response to pathogenic v. parahaemolyticus infection are not fully understood. micrornas (mirnas) are a class of small noncoding rnas that function as regulators of gene expression and play essential roles in various biological processes. to understand the underlying mechanisms of the molecular immune response of the crab to the pathogens, high-throughput illumina/solexa deep sequenc ...201324023678
evidences of snps in the variable region of hemocyanin ig-like domain in shrimp litopenaeus vannamei.single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) are the commonest mode of genetic variation in invertebrate immune-related genes. hemocyanin presents in the hemolymph of both mollusks and arthropods and functions as an important antigen non-specific immune protein. but people know very little about its gene polymorphism so far. in current study, bioinformatics, molecular biology and environmental challenge approaches were used to identify the snps within hemocyanin ig-like domain in shrimp litopenaeus va ...201324012752
effects of potential probiotic bacillus amyloliquefaciens [corrected] fptb16 on systemic and cutaneous mucosal immune responses and disease resistance of catla (catla catla).effects of dietary administration of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fptb16 on systemic and mucosal immunity and disease resistance of catla (catla catla) against edwardsiella tarda infection were evaluated in the present study. the laboratory maintained b. amyloliquefaciens was used to study antagonistic activity against fish pathogenic bacteria by agar well diffusion assay. healthy catla were challenged by this bacterium for determination of its safety. for preparation of probiotic supplemented die ...201324012512
[rapid detection of listeria monocytogenes by immunomagnetic separation combined with selective medium].listeria monocytogenes is a pathogenic bacterium, therefore, it is essential for food safety monitoring to establish a rapid and specific detecting method. in this study, immunomagnetic beads and selective medium were combined to detect listeria monocytogenes at different concentrations (10(1)-10(5) cfu/ml). other three types of listeria spp., staphylococcus aureus and vibrio parahaemolyticus were also detected to conduct the cross-reaction analysis. meanwhile, contaminated milk samples were pre ...201324010365
development of a real-time resistance measurement for vibrio parahaemolyticus detection by the lecithin-dependent hemolysin gene.the marine bacterium vibrio parahaemolyticus (v. parahaemolyticus) causes gastroenteritis in humans via the ingestion of raw or undercooked contaminated seafood, and early diagnosis and prompt treatment are important for the prevention of v. parahaemolyticus-related diseases. in this study, a real-time resistance measurement based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp), electrochemical ion bonding (crystal violet and mg(2+)), real-time monitoring, and derivative analysis was developed. ...201323991096
the sodium/iodide symporter: state of the art of its molecular characterization.the sodium/iodide symporter (nis or slc5a5) is an intrinsic membrane protein implicated in iodide uptake into thyroid follicular cells. it plays a crucial role in iodine metabolism and thyroid regulation and its function is widely exploited in the diagnosis and treatment of benign and malignant thyroid diseases. a great effort is currently being made to develop a nis-based gene therapy also allowing the radiotreatment of nonthyroidal tumors. nis is also expressed in other tissues, such as saliva ...201423988430
serotype, virulence, and genetic traits of foodborne and clinical vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates in shanghai, china.vibrio parahaemolyticus is a major foodborne pathogen in china and other countries. in this study, a total of 578 clinical v. parahaemolyticus strains and 51 foodborne strains were isolated during the period from 2009 to 2011 in the eastern coastal city of shanghai, china. their serotypes, virulence genes, pandemic traits, and genotyping were investigated. a total of nine o groups and 20 k types were identified by serological analysis of all isolates. six different o groups and 14 different k ty ...201323988077
in situ and in vitro impacts of the deepwater horizon oil spill on vibrio parahaemolyticus.most established virulence genes in vibrio parahaemolyticus (vp), e.g., thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh), tdh-related hemolysin (trh), and type three secretion system 2 (ttss2), are on the chromosome 2 pathogenicity island, which also possesses numerous uncharacterized genes. we hypothesized the 2010 deepwater horizon (dh) oil spill would cause an increase in populations of vibrio parahaemolyticus carrying environmental adaptation genes. vp isolated pre- and post-spill were analyzed for ttss2 ...201323987095
the msha pilus of vibrio parahaemolyticus has lectin functionality and enables ttss-mediated pathogenicity.vibrio parahaemolyticus is a seafood-borne pathogen which causes acute inflammatory gastroenteritis--a process which is mediated by the translocation of type three secretion system effector proteins. the molecular interactions governing colonization of the intestinal epithelium by this pathogen remain poorly understood. the mannose-sensitive haemagglutinin (msha) pilus was identified in this study as a significant factor in bacterial-host cell adherence and subsequent pathogenesis towards caco-2 ...201323981476
cell density- and quorum sensing-dependent expression of type vi secretion system 2 in vibrio parahaemolyticus.vibrio parahaemolyticus apha and opar are the two master quorum sensing (qs) regulators that are abundantly expressed at low cell density (lcd) and high cell density (hcd), respectively, with a feature of reciprocally gradient production of them with transition between lcd and hcd. the type vi secretion system 2 (t6ss2) gene cluster can be assigned into three putative operons, namely vpa1027-1024, vpa1043-1028, and vpa1044-1046. t6ss2 contributes to adhesion of v. parahaemolyticus to host cells.201323977385
evidences for the involvement of an invertebrate goose-type lysozyme in disk abalone immunity: cloning, expression analysis and antimicrobial activity.lysozymes are ubiquitously distributed enzymes with hydrolytic activity against bacterial peptidoglycan and function to protect organisms from microbial pathogens. in this study, an invertebrate goose-type lysozyme, designated as ablysg, was identified in the disk abalone, haliotis discus discus. the full-length cdna of ablysg was 894 bp in length with an open reading frame of 789 bp encoding a polypeptide of 263 amino acids containing a signal peptide and a characteristic soluble lytic transgly ...201323973847
identification and functional studies of akirin, a potential positive nuclear factor of nf-κb signaling pathways in the pacific white shrimp, litopenaeus vannamei.as conserved nuclear factors, akirins play critical roles in regulating antimicrobial peptides (amps) transcription downstream of nf-κb dependent signaling pathways in insects and mammals. however, no any functional studies was reported in penaeid shrimp. the identification and functional analysis of akirin in the pacific white shrimp, litopenaeus vannamei were made in this research. the 833 nucleotides cdna of litopenaeus vannamei akirin (lvakirin) was obtained with an open reading frame of 639 ...201323962743
[construction of biofilm formation related mutants in vibrio parahaemolyticus].to construct the mutants of biofilm related genes in vibrio parahaemolyticus and confirm the mutants.201323958128
mechanistic and statistical models of total vibrio abundance in the neuse river estuary.bacteria in the genus vibrio are ubiquitous to estuarine waters worldwide and are often the dominant genus recovered from these environments. this genus contains several potentially pathogenic species, including vibrio vulnificus, vibrio cholerae, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and vibrio alginolyticus. these bacteria have short generation times, as low as 20-30 min, and can thus respond rapidly to changing environmental conditions. a five-parameter mechanistic model was generated based on environment ...201323948561
antimicrobial effect of bayberry leaf extract for the preservation of large yellow croaker (pseudosciaena crocea).chemical preservatives have been widely used to keep large yellow croaker fresh. however, the potential harm to human health cannot be ignored. this study was undertaken to investigate the antimicrobial effect of bayberry leaf extract and to evaluate the efficacy of this natural product on the preservation of large yellow croaker.201423929386
[analysis of reported infectious diarrhea (other than cholera, dysentery, typhoid and paratyphoid) in china in 2011].to analysis the etiological and epidemiological characteristics of the reported infectious diarrhea (other than cholera, dysentery, typhoid and paratyphoid) cases in china in 2011.201323928638
dimeric wh2 domains in vibrio vopf promote actin filament barbed-end uncapping and assisted elongation.proteins containing repeats of the wasp homology 2 (wh2) actin-binding module are multifunctional regulators of actin nucleation and assembly. the bacterial effector vopf in vibrio cholerae, like vopl in vibrio parahaemolyticus, is a unique homodimer of three wh2 motifs linked by a c-terminal dimerization domain. we show that only the first and third wh2 domains of vopf bind g-actin in a non-nucleating, sequestered conformation. moreover, dimeric wh2 domains in vopf give rise to unprecedented re ...201323912276
vibrio parahaemolyticus enteritis outbreak following a wedding banquet in a rural village - kampong speu, cambodia, april 2012.foodborne outbreaks are common in cambodia, but only a few investigations documenting the etiology and source have been conducted. in april, we learnt of 49 acute diarrhoea cases in a village following a wedding banquet. we undertook an investigation to identify the pathogen, source and mode of transmission.201223908935
differences in the stress tolerances of vibrio parahaemolyticus strains due to their source and harboring of virulence genes.to investigate the diversity of stress tolerance levels in vibrio parahaemolyticus, 200 v. parahaemolyticus strains isolated from various coastal environments, seafood, and human clinical cases were exposed to acid, low-osmolality, freezing-thawing, and heat stresses. tolerance against acid stress was higher in the virulent (tdh- and/or trh-positive) strains than in the avirulent (tdh- and trh-negative) strains. tolerance against low-osmolality, freezing-thawing, and heat stresses was higher in ...201323905806
characterization of all rnd-type multidrug efflux transporters in vibrio parahaemolyticus.resistance nodulation cell division (rnd)-type efflux transporters play the main role in intrinsic resistance to various antimicrobial agents in many gram-negative bacteria. here, we estimated 12 rnd-type efflux transporter genes in vibrio parahaemolyticus. because vmeab has already been characterized, we cloned the other 11 rnd-type efflux transporter genes and characterized them in escherichia coli kam33 cells, a drug hypersusceptible strain. kam33 expressing either vmecd, vmeef, or vmeyz show ...201323894076
survival of vibrio parahaemolyticus and aeromonas hydrophila in sea bream (sparus aurata) fillets packaged under enriched co(2) modified atmospheres.the ability to survive of two pathogens (vibrio parahaemolyticus and aeromonas hydrophila) spread over sea bream fillets packaged under different modified atmospheres (maps) was studied at 0°c and 4°c under refrigerated storage. the atmospheres used were 60% co2/40% n2, 70% co2/30% n2 and 80% co2/20% n2 and a control batch packaged in air. head space gas analyses, microbial counts and confirming test of pathogenic bacteria were carried out during 16days. the results obtained showed that all the ...201323860282
[preparation of monoclonal antibodies against flagellin core protein of vibrio parahaemolyticus and its activity analysis].to prepare monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against flagellin core protein of vibrio (v.) parahaemolyticus and establish the double-sandwich elisa for testing v.parahaemolyticus from food products.201323837985
preliminary stochastic model for managing vibrio parahaemolyticus and total viable bacterial counts in a pacific oyster (crassostrea gigas) supply chain.vibrio parahaemolyticus can accumulate and grow in oysters stored without refrigeration, representing a potential food safety risk. high temperatures during oyster storage can lead to an increase in total viable bacteria counts, decreasing product shelf life. therefore, a predictive tool that allows the estimation of both v. parahaemolyticus populations and total viable bacteria counts in parallel is needed. a stochastic model was developed to quantitatively assess the populations of v. parahaem ...201323834791
aeromonas salmonicida ati2 is an effector protein of the type three secretion system.the bacterium aeromonas salmonicida, a fish pathogen, uses the type three secretion system (ttss) to inject effector proteins into host cells to promote the infection. the study of the genome of a. salmonicida has revealed the existence of ati2, a potential ttss effector protein. in the present study, a structure-function analysis of ati2 has been done to determine its role in the virulence of a. salmonicida. biochemical assays revealed that ati2 is secreted into the medium in a ttss-dependent m ...201323832001
a novel retron of vibrio parahaemolyticus is closely related to retron-vc95 of vibrio cholerae.some bacteria produce a satellite rna-dna complex termed msdna, multicopy single-stranded dna. in this report, msdna from vibrio parahaemolyticus, a cause of acute gastroenteritis, was identified and named msdna-vp96. the retron element containing the ret gene, encoding the reverse transcriptase (rt) that is responsible for msdna production, was cloned and characterized. comparison of msdna-vp96 and msdna-vc95, from vibrio cholerae, showed a high level of sequence similarity. we exchanged the tw ...201323812812
[the development of complex technique of evaluation of virulence of parahemolytic vibrio].the article deals with results of studying parahemolytic vibrio separatedfrom different sources according their phenotype and genotype attributes associated with virulence. in certain cases the mismatch of results of kanagava tests and polymerase chain reaction test of gene tdh was established. the need in virulence complex evaluation is substantiated. this complex has to include detection of hemolytic activity in kanagava test and urease activity on the kristensen medium and polymerase chain re ...201323808010
taxonomic and functional metagenomic profiling of gastrointestinal tract microbiome of the farmed adult turbot (scophthalmus maximus).metagenomics combined with 16s rrna gene sequence analyses was applied to unveil the taxonomic composition and functional diversity of the farmed adult turbot gastrointestinal (gi) microbiome. proteobacteria and firmicutes which existed in both gi content and mucus were dominated in the turbot gi microbiome. 16s rrna gene sequence analyses also indicated that the turbot gi tract may harbor some bacteria which originated from associated seawater. functional analyses indicated that the clustering- ...201323802730
vibrio effector protein, vopq, forms a lysosomal gated channel that disrupts host ion homeostasis and autophagic flux.defects in normal autophagic pathways are implicated in numerous human diseases--such as neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and cardiomyopathy--highlighting the importance of autophagy and its proper regulation. herein we show that vibrio parahaemolyticus uses the type iii effector vopq (vibrio outer protein q) to alter autophagic flux by manipulating the partitioning of small molecules and ions in the lysosome. this effector binds to the conserved vo domain of the vacuolar-type h(+)-atpase and ...201323798441
extensive investigation of antimicrobial resistance in vibrio parahaemolyticus from shellfish and clinical sources, italy. 201323796895
a bifunctional invertebrate-type lysozyme from the disk abalone, haliotis discus discus: genome organization, transcriptional profiling and biological activities of recombinant protein.lysozyme is an important enzyme in the innate immune system that plays a vital role in fighting microbial infections. in the current study, we identified, cloned, and characterized a gene that encodes an invertebrate-type lysozyme from the disk abalone, haliotis discus discus (ablysi). the full-length cdna of ablysi consisted of 545 bp with an open reading frame of 393 bp that encodes 131 amino acids. the theoretical molecular mass of mature ablysi was 12.3 kda with an isoelectric point of 8.03. ...201323796790
sample preparation methods for quantitative detection of dna by molecular assays and marine biosensors.the need for quantitative molecular methods is growing in environmental, food, and medical fields but is hindered by low and variable dna extraction and by co-extraction of pcr inhibitors. dna extracts from enterococcus faecium, seawater, and seawater spiked with e. faecium and vibrio parahaemolyticus were tested by qpcr for target recovery and inhibition. conventional and novel methods were tested, including synchronous coefficient of drag alteration (scoda) and lysis and purification systems u ...201323790450
draft genome sequence of vibrio parahaemolyticus v110, isolated from shrimp in hong kong.we report the whole-genome sequence of a tdh- and trh-negative vibrio parahaemolyticus strain, v110, from shrimp. the major difference of v110 from clinical strains was its lack of the type iii secretion system t3ss2, a key component of virulence. further sequence comparison can shed light on the pathogenesis of v. parahaemolyticus.201323788537
the vibrio parahaemolyticus small rna ryhb promotes production of the siderophore vibrioferrin by stabilizing the polycistronic mrna.high-affinity iron acquisition in vibrio parahaemolyticus is mediated by the cognate siderophore vibrioferrin. we have previously reported that the vibrioferrin biosynthesis operon (pvsop) is regulated at the transcriptional level by the iron-responsive repressor fur (t. tanabe, t. funahashi, h. nakao, s. miyoshi, s. shinoda, and s. yamamoto, j. bacteriol. 185:6938-6949, 2003). in this study, we identified the fur-regulated small rna ryhb and the rna chaperone hfq protein as additional regulator ...201323772063
biosynthesis of the osmoprotectant ectoine, but not glycine betaine, is critical for survival of osmotically stressed vibrio parahaemolyticus cells.vibrio parahaemolyticus is a halophile present in marine and estuarine environments, ecosystems characterized by fluctuations in salinity and temperature. one strategy to thrive in such environments is the synthesis and/or uptake of compatible solutes. the v. parahaemolyticus genome contains biosynthesis systems for both ectoine and glycine betaine, which are known to act as compatible solutes in other species. we showed that v. parahaemolyticus had a 6% nacl tolerance when grown in m9 minimal m ...201323770911
quantification of vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio vulnificus and vibrio cholerae in french mediterranean coastal lagoons.vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio vulnificus and vibrio cholerae are human pathogens. little is known about these vibrio spp. in the coastal lagoons of france. the purpose of this study was to investigate their incidence in water, shellfish and sediment of three french mediterranean coastal lagoons using the most probable number-polymerase chain reaction (mpn-pcr). in summer, the total number of v. parahaemolyticus in water, sediment, mussels and clams collected from the three lagoons varied from ...201323770313
differences in stress response after uvc or uva irradiation in vibrio parahaemolyticus.the sos response is a global regulatory network for repairing dna damage induced by various environmental stresses such as uv irradiation. the escherichia coli sos response has been extensively studied. however, there are no reports on the sos response in vibrio parahaemolyticus. in this study, we examined the sos response in v. parahaemolyticus and compared the differential expression of genes induced by uvc and uva irradiation. in uvc-exposed wild-type cells, expression of several dna repair g ...201023766253
prevalence, serotyping and molecular characterization of vibrio parahaemolyticus in mussels from italian growing areas, adriatic sea.the aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of total and pathogenic vibrio parahaemolyticus strains in italian mussels from different geographical areas of the adriatic sea and to determine their serotypes, toxigenic profiles and pandemic potential. out of 559 samples analysed during 2007, 65 (11.6%) were positive for v. parahaemolyticus. none of the isolates had the genes for thermostable direct haemolysin (tdh) and pandemic marker (toxrs), while five strains (7.7%) had that for t ...201023766016
detection of environmental vibrio parahaemolyticus using a polyclonal antibody by flow cytometry.the aim of this study was to detect and quantify vibrio parahaemolyticus using flow cytometry (fcm) in combination with a polyclonal antibody developed in our laboratory. experiments were carried out using v. parahaemolyticus cells in pure and mixed bacteria culture suspensions in either artificial or natural seawater. using fcm, v. parahaemolyticus cells labelled with the polyclonal antibody and a secondary fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated antibody were detected and rapidly quantified at l ...201023766012
serodiversity and ecological distribution of vibrio parahaemolyticus in the venetian lagoon, northeast italy.vibrio parahaemolyticus is a natural inhabitant of estuarine and marine environments constituting part of the autochthonous microflora. this species is associated with human gastroenteritis caused by ingestion of contaminated water and undercooked seafood. during the past several years, the number of v. parahaemolyticus gastroenteritis cases have increased worldwide, causing over half of all food-poisoning outbreaks of bacterial origin. vibrio populations in water are known to be influenced by e ...201023766011
prevalence and genetic diversity of pathogenic populations of vibrio parahaemolyticus in coastal waters of galicia, spain.the natural reservoirs and biological characteristics of pathogenic populations of vibrio parahaemolyticus in marine habitats remain unclear due to difficulties in obtaining pathogenic strains from the environment. the distribution and characteristics of pathogenic v. parahaemolyticus were investigated over 1 year in three coastal environments in galicia (spain), including areas of the major international ports in the region. vibrio parahaemolyticus was present in 35.3% of the samples analysed, ...201023765999
environmental occurrence and clinical impact of vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus: a european perspective.vibrio vulnificus and vibrio parahaemolyticus are ubiquitous gram-negative bacterial pathogens found naturally in marine and estuarine waters, and are a leading cause of seafood-associated bacterial illness. these pathogens are commonly reported in the usa and in many asian countries, including china, japan and taiwan; however, there is growing concern that v. vulnificus and v. parahaemolyticus may represent an important and increasing clinical problem in europe. several factors underlie the nee ...201023765993
clinical and epidemiologic features of diarrheal disease due to aeromonas hydrophila and plesiomonas shigelloides infections compared with those due to vibrio cholerae non-o1 and vibrio parahaemolyticus in bangladesh.using data from the international centre for diarrhoeal disease research, bangladesh (icddr,b) from 1996 to 2001, we compared the clinical features of diarrhea in patients with stool specimens yielding only a. hydrophila (189 patients; 1.4% of 13,970 patients screened) or p. shigelloides (253 patients) compared to patients with sole v. cholerae non-o1 infection (99 patients) or v. parahaemolyticus infection (126 patients). patients exhibited similar frequencies of fever (temperature >37.8°c), st ...201223762755
mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance in vibrio parahaemolyticus. 201323751355
determination of microbial quality and plasmid-mediated multidrug resistant bacteria in fountain drinking water sources in turkey.the bacterial contamination as the total aerobic bacteria, coliform and fecal coliform numbers were determined and analyzed for temperature, ph, conductivity and dissolved oxygen in seasonally collected water samples from fifteen different stations placed in adana-tufanbeyli road line during march 2008 - january 2009. in addition, antibiotic resistance profiles of isolates were examined against frequently used antibiotics, and analyzed plasmid dnaof multiple antibiotic resistant (mar) isolates. ...201223741812
genome sequence analysis of the vibrio parahaemolyticus lytic bacteriophage vpms1.vpms1 is a vibrio parahaemolyticus lytic phage isolated from a marine clam. the 42.3-kb genome was predicted to encode 53 proteins. comparison of the vpms1 dna genome with known phage genomes revealed no similarity; hence, it represents a new vp phage, organized into three differently oriented modules. the module for packaging covers 12 % of the genome, the module for structure covers 31 %, and the module for replication and regulation covers 48 %. the g + c content was 44.67 %. the coding regio ...201323732928
effect of lime juice on vibrio parahaemolyticus and salmonella enterica inactivation during the preparation of the raw fish dish ceviche.ceviche is a raw fish dish common in peru and other latin american counties. the most characteristic feature of ceviche is the use of lime juice for marinating or "cooking" the raw fish. confirmed cases of cholera in peru, new jersey, and florida have been associated with ceviche. although the effect of organic acids on pathogenic bacteria has been well characterized, few data exist on the effect of these acids in seafood systems. the objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of lime ju ...201323726199
cgmolluscidin, a novel dibasic residue repeat rich antimicrobial peptide, purified from the gill of the pacific oyster, crassostrea gigas.a 5.5 kda antimicrobial peptide consisting of 55 amino acids, cgmolluscidin, was purified from the acidified gill extract of the pacific oyster, crassostrea gigas, by ion-exchange and c18 reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography. by comparing the n-terminal amino acid sequences and the molecular weight of this peptide with those of other known antimicrobial peptides, it has been revealed that this peptide had no homology with any known peptides. cgmolluscidin showed potent antimicro ...201323711469
molecular characterization of a p38 mapk from litopenaeus vannamei and its expression during the molt cycle and following pathogen infection.the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk), a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase, has been reported to be involved in innate immunity, development and muscle differentiation. to explore the function of p38 in shrimp, partial cdna sequence of p38 in litopenaeus vannamei (designated as lv-p38) was characterized and the expression of lv-p38 in hepatopancreas of the shrimp after being infected with vibrio parahaemolyticus and in muscle of the shrimp at different molt stages was detected b ...201323707783
three vibrio-resistance related est-ssr markers revealed by selective genotyping in the clam meretrix meretrix.the clam meretrix meretrix is an important commercial bivalve distributed in the coastal areas of south and southeast asia. in this study, marker-trait association analyses were performed based on the stock materials of m. meretrix with different vibrio-resistance profile obtained by selective breeding. forty-eight est-ssr markers were screened and 27 polymorphic ssrs of them were genotyped in the clam stocks with different resistance to vibrio parahaemolyticus (11-r and 11-s) and to vibrio harv ...201323707743
triplex pcr assay for the rapid identification of 3 major vibrio species, vibrio cholerae, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and vibrio fluvialis.a triplex pcr assay was developed for the identification of 3 major vibrio spp., vibrio cholerae, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and vibrio fluvialis by targeting their haemolysin, haem-utilizing, and central regulatory genes, respectively. this simple, rapid, sensitive, and specific assay using cell lysates from 227 samples established its usefulness in research and epidemiology.201323706502
molecular epidemiology and genetic variation of pathogenic vibrio parahaemolyticus in peru.vibrio parahaemolyticus is a foodborne pathogen that has become a public health concern at the global scale. the epidemiological significance of v. parahaemolyticus infections in latin america received little attention until the winter of 1997 when cases related to the pandemic clone were detected in the region, changing the epidemic dynamics of this pathogen in peru. with the aim to assess the impact of the arrival of the pandemic clone on local populations of pathogenic v. parahaemolyticus in ...201323696906
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