Publications

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breeding cattle for the tropics. 19704913913
[jenner's vaccination]. 19694906967
a comparison of two different survey methods for the study of intra-oral development of the anterior teeth in cattle. 19744822004
analysis of commercial soya additives in meat products. 19734797827
controlling mastitis. 19734786115
southern counties veterinary soicety mastitis control scheme: final report. 19734762295
babesia major in britain: blood-induced infections in splenectomized and intact calves. 19734741643
an epidemiological study of pasteurella haemolytica in calves. 19734731569
a survey of the relationship between age and the development of the anterior teeth in cattle. 19734718142
babesia major in britain: tick transmitted infections in splenectomised calves. 19734707898
the prevalence of bovine type tuberculous infection in man in the english rural population. 19724673102
the isolated of bovine adenovirus serotypes 4 and 7 in britain. 19724672411
arthritis as an engineering problem: leeds and london. 19724637158
epidemiological studies on the 1967-68 foot and mouth epidemic: attack rates and cattle density. 19724635111
precipitins to micropolyspora faeni in the adult cattle of selected herds in scotland and north-west england. 19724632182
some characteristics of a strain of theileria mutans (theiler, 1906) isolated from cattle in the county of kent, england, and maintained in splenectomized calves. 19724631549
the morphology of trypanosoma theileri in the blood of cattle, and the rediscovery of theileria mutans in england. 19724625621
the effect of irradiation on intra-erythrocytic stages of babesia major. 19724621840
the first blood transfusion: french of english? 19744618310
ernest muir, c.m.g., c.i.e., m.d. (edin,), f.r.c.s., ll.d. 1880-1974. 19744617724
[letter: salmonellosis outbreak]. 19744615619
reminiscences of a "transplanter". 19744612905
[hereditary neuraxial edema in polled hereford calves]. 19744611727
immunofluorescence studies of the small babesia species of cattle from different geographical areas. 19744604568
recent trends in human salmonellosis in england and wales: the epidemiology of prevalent serotypes other than salmonella typhimurium.in the period 1960-70 meat and poultry products caused over 70% of successfully investigated outbreaks of human salmonellosis. the number of human incidents of salmonellosis declined from 1960 to 1966, but then more than doubled between 1966 and 1971. this increase was mainly due to a threefold increase of incidents of salmonella serotypes other than salmonella typhimurium. the serotypes which increased most and contributed significantly to this trend were s. enteritidis, s. panama, s. stanley, ...19744595088
koch's remedy for tuberculosis. 19734582214
the story of the enteropathic escherichia coli. 19734579881
the veterinarian and intensive livestock production: humane considerations. 19724562986
the hampshire epidemic of foot-and-mouth disease, 1967.an analysis was made of the spread of foot-and-mouth disease during the epidemic in hampshire in january and february 1967. to explain the pattern of spread, it had to be postulated that virus was present seven days before the first outbreak was reported. it is suggested that the disease occurred initially in pigs fed on infected meat and that the virus was subsequently disseminated from the local abattoir, where the pigs were killed, to four farms by movement of animals, slaughterhouse waste, p ...19734511946
tuberculosis in wild badgers in gloucestershire: epidemiology. 19744462735
fog fever in cattle: clinical and epidemiological features. 19744450441
letter: mastitis control. 19744450425
letter: the flixborough nypro explosion. 19744432369
brucellosis in general practice. 19664382682
virus infection and incidence of respiratory disease: a serological study of four micro-organisms at a large beef-rearing farm. 19744369439
observations on the epidemiology of pseudocowpox in south-west england and south wales. 19744366097
the hygiene and marketing of fresh cream as assessed by the methylene blue test. a report by a working party to the director of the public health laboratory service.the hygiene and marketing of fresh cream in england and wales was investigated by a working party of the public health laboratory service (phls) between 1 october 1968 and 31 july 1969. thirty-one cream-producing dairies were visited and observations made in the light of the code of practice published by the milk and milk products technical advisory committee of the ministry of agriculture, fisheries and food, and the scottish home and health department. suggestions are made in this report to st ...19714326247
[classification of the foot-and-mouth disease virus strain responsible for the 1967 english epidemic]. 19704319822
serological findings in bovine herpes mammillitis. 19694309314
bovine papular stomatitis, pseudocowpox and milker's nodules. 19674292998
the incidence of brucella infections in producer-retailer herds in north lancashire from 1965 to 1972.the results are presented of testing untreated producer-retailer herd milk samples for the presence of brucella abortus during the period 1965-1972 in the north lancashire region.there was a steady decline in the incidence of infected herds from 22% in 1965 to 12% in 1971. a sharp fall to 5% in 1972 suggests that the introduction of the brucellosis incentives scheme and the eradication programme has helped to reduce the practice of selling brucella-infected cattle in the open market which was pr ...19744213998
isolation of theileria mutans from cattle in essex. 19744208763
an anthrax outbreak in berkshire. 19744207208
animal sources of common serotypes of escherichia coli in the food of hospital patients. possible significance in urinary-tract infections. 19704193686
brucellosis. 19704188735
spread of foot-and-mouth disease. 19694186467
salmonella ponna in hampshire. 19694180910
the immune globulin content of the serum of calves in england. 19674166386
milk-borne diseases. an epidemiological review. 19664161176
brucellosis in the dairy-farming community and allied workers of worcestershire. 19674143735
appraisal of brucellin skin test. report by a working-party to the director of the public health laboratory service. 19724125172
increased sensitivity of test for antibiotic residues in milk. 19854090219
aspects of the reproductive biology of some cattle-visiting muscidae (diptera) in north-east england.during studies of flies that visit farm animals in north-east england, samples of muscidae were obtained on a regular basis from grazing animals (mainly cattle) and from manitoba traps. female flies were examined to determine their wing length, degree of wing damage, whether or not they had mated, whether their crop or gut contained blood, the stage they had reached in ovarian development and the number of eggs present. this information was used to assess the timing of mating, the stage at which ...19854082443
uterine tube abnormalities as a cause of bovine infertility.a total of 2000 bovine reproductive tracts (1000 parous and 1000 nulliparous) from freshly slaughtered animals were examined for uterine tube abnormalities and lesions. tubal lesions were recorded in 180 tracts (9.0 per cent). more parous tracts (6.4 per cent) had tubal lesions than nulliparous tracts (2.6 per cent). the most frequently identified lesion was ovarobursal adhesions which comprised 80 per cent of all abnormalities and were identified in 6.85 per cent of all the genital tracts exami ...19854049700
an epidemiological study of salmonella montevideo by biotyping.among 622 cultures of salmonella montevideo, 27 biotypes belonging to two biogroups were recognized. one biogroup (10di) was predominant in all animals in scotland but only in sheep in england and wales. the other (biogroup 2d) was responsible for almost all human, cattle and poultry infection in england and wales, but only 24% of human infection in scotland.19854020111
is salmonellosis still a serious problem in veterinary practice?salmonella infections of food animals are of concern to both the food industry and to the public health authorities. salmonellosis is one of the major zoonotic diseases and its impact on veterinary practice may be judged by a number of criteria. some of these are examined to determine the extent of the problem.19854013036
evidence of udder excretion of campylobacter jejuni as the cause of milk-borne campylobacter outbreak.we describe a community outbreak of campylobacter enteritis associated with the consumption of untreated milk, apparently contaminated by two cows with campylobacter mastitis. the outbreak occurred in two phases. strains of campylobacter jejuni of the penner serogroup complex 4, 13, 16, 50 and preston biotype code 6100 were isolated from patients in both episodes and from the faeces of the cattle, milk filters, bulk milk and retail milk. milk samples from two of 40 milking cows were found to con ...19853989284
[heparin or heparins?]. 19853982682
effect of wet weather on lameness in dairy cattle.the incidence of lameness in cows recorded by five veterinary practices over one year and one practice over four years was plotted with rainfall and potential soil moisture deficit. correlation coefficients calculated between lameness, rainfall and potential soil moisture deficit over two-week periods showed the incidence of lameness in summer to be significantly related to the potential soil moisture deficit in the same two-week period and rainfall in the previous two-week period. differences i ...19863962098
intramammary antibiotic preparations and their withholding times.the test for antibiotic residues in milk carried out by the milk marketing board (mmb) of england and wales was increased in sensitivity from 0.02 iu/ml penicillin or equivalent to 0.01 iu/ml on january 1, 1986. the veterinary products committee (vpc) has just completed a review of those intra-mammary antibiotic preparations which had licences of right. when assessing data for product licences the vpc decided that the concentration of antibiotic residues in milk should not exceed the concentrati ...19863946067
radio-iodine in thyroid glands of swans, farm animals and humans, also in algae and river water from the thames valley, england.a highly sensitive counting system has been used to measure radio-iodine in environmental samples from the thames valley. iodine-125 and occasionally iodine-131 have been found in the thyroid glands of most of the swans that have died on the river thames, the river wey and the grand union canal, and in algae and water samples from the thames and many of its tributaries. the presence of this activity is ascribed to the waste discarded into the drainage system by hospitals and research laboratorie ...19863945795
pasteurisation and the control of milkborne infection in britain.infections carried in milk, particularly salmonellosis and campylobacter enteritis, have continued to feature in great britain in recent years. less commonly reported infections included an outbreak in 1984 in england due to streptococcus zooepidemicus, in which 12 people, eight of whom died, were admitted to hospital. the implementation of legislation in 1983 requiring heat treatment of cows' milk for sale to the public reduced the incidence of milkborne infection in scotland compared with prev ...19853926238
the case for compulsory pasteurisation. 19853926226
increasing incidence of resistance to gentamicin and related aminoglycosides in salmonella typhimurium phage type 204c in england, wales and scotland.phage type 204c of salmonella typhimurium (dt 204c) appeared in bovine animals in 1979. it is now the predominant type in cattle in england, wales and scotland and ranks in the 10 most common phage types in humans. all strains of dt 204c have been resistant to at least four antimicrobial drugs. in 1979 and 1980 the most common resistance pattern was that of chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulphonamides, tetracyclines and trimethoprim (cssuttm) but since 1981 strains with additional resistance to ...19853904167
an investigation of bovine serum copper levels in lincolnshire and south humberside.analysis of more than 2000 bovine serum samples showed a large monthly variation in copper levels. there was also a difference in levels between beef and dairy cows although all showed the same monthly pattern. this monthly variation was correlated with rainfall; the higher the rainfall the lower the copper level. the interpretation of single herd blood copper values must be considered carefully in view of this variation.19863811175
an assessment of the economic benefits of a mastitis control scheme.over a six-year period from 1979 to 1985 the incidence of mastitis among dairy herds being recorded in a veterinary practice in gloucestershire decreased from 26.5 per cent to 19.6 per cent of cows affected each year and from 51.0 to 31.7 cases per 100 cows per year. over the same period the rolling mean herd milk cell count fell from 346,000/ml to 243,000/ml and the usage of intramammary antibiotic tubes fell from 2.6 to 2.1 per lactating cow per year. the proportion of cases needing repeat tre ...19863798703
measurements of ionic fluoride in milk.procedures used for measuring ionic fluoride in both human and cow's milk have been investigated. a number of factors were found to affect fluoride ion measurements in milk samples including time, stirring and the method of cleaning the fluoride electrode. following these investigations a procedure was developed for estimating ionic fluoride in milk. human milk collected from a fluoridated area (newcastle-upon-tyne) was found to contain significantly more ionic fluoride (0.065 ppm) than human mi ...19863777836
threat of calf salmonellosis. 19863765318
the persistence of public health problems: sf, std, and aids. 19863754392
religious slaughter. 19863750794
microbiology of calf diarrhoea in southern britain.faeces samples from calves with diarrhoea in 45 outbreaks were examined for six enteropathogens. rotavirus and coronavirus were detected by elisa in 208 (42 per cent) and 69 (14 per cent) of 490 calves respectively; calici-like viruses were detected by electron microscopy in 14 of 132 calves (11 per cent). cryptosporidium were detected in 106 of 465 (23 per cent), salmonella species in 58 of 490 (12 per cent) and enterotoxigenic escherichia coli bearing the k99 adhesin (k99+ e coli) in nine of 3 ...19863750767
tuberculosis in east sussex. i. outbreaks of tuberculosis in cattle herds (1964-1984).the history and epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in cattle herds in east sussex are described. since 1960, following the compulsory eradication scheme for tuberculosis, the incidence of herd infection has been low. the epidemiological features of herd infection have been sporadic incidents, with only small numbers of cattle becoming infected in the majority of incidents. there was no evidence of endemic mycobacterium bovis infection in the cattle population in east sussex in recent years, but ...19863734437
border disease in a flock of sheep: epidemiologic, laboratory, and clinical findings.a flock of sheep in which border disease (bd) was enzootic was studied through a breeding season. at the beginning of the study (august 1981), 125 (82%) of 152 ewes were seropositive to the cross-reacting bovine viral diarrhea virus. within 7 months, 3 (18%) of 17 seropositive ewes retested had reverted to seronegative. of the remaining 21 ewes identified as seronegative, 7 (33%) converted to seropositive by the end of the study. triplet lambs were born, 2 of which exhibited clinical signs of bd ...19863733503
communicable disease associated with milk and dairy products in england and wales: 1983-1984.during the period 1983-1984 32 outbreaks of disease (ii in 1983 and 21 in 1984) associated with consumption of milk and dairy products and affecting at least 714 people were reported from england and wales. twenty-seven of the outbreaks were attributed to raw milk, two to contaminated pasteurised milk and one each to cheese, cream and ice-cream. twenty-two were due to salmonellas, seven to campylobacters and one each to staphylococcus aureus, yersinia enterocolitica and streptococcus zooepidemic ...19863722841
less pasteurellosis in sheep. 19863716159
mycoplasma mastitis outbreak. 19863716113
variability between muscidae populations of dairy heifers on two different types of pasture in southern england. 19863708309
a mathematical model of the population biology of ostertagia ostertagi in calves and yearlings.a mathematical model of the population biology of ostertagia ostertagi is described. the model assumes that the natural control and regulation of parasite numbers is mediated by four processes: the effect of climate on the development and survival of the free-living stages; changes in the rate of establishment of the infective larvae, and density-dependent variations in parasite survival and fecundity. the model is used to compare the course of the infection in two groups of calves. one group is ...19873696772
group l beta-haemolytic streptococcal infection in meat handlers: another streptococcal zoonosis?group l, beta-haemolytic streptococci can cause infection in dogs, pigs, cattle and sheep but there have been very few reports in man. in studies of skin infection in meat handlers we cultured group l streptococci from clinically infected wounds, impetigo and paronychia of 15 patients involved in the slaughter and processing of chickens and pigs. staphylococcus aureus was also present in eight (53%) of the lesions. at least five other infections with group l streptococci in meat and animal handl ...19873678390
the nature of mycobacterial disease in south east england, 1977-84.the nature and incidence of bacteriologically confirmed mycobacterial disease in south east england over the eight year period 1977-84 has been determined by a study of cultures received by the phls regional centre for tuberculosis bacteriology at dulwich. the number of cases of tuberculosis in the ethnic european population has shown a decline, more so among males than females, but there has not been a significant decline in cases among ethnic asians. most tuberculosis is due to the classical h ...19863655621
identification of factor xi deficiency in holstein-friesian cattle in britain.blood coagulation tests were performed on dairy cattle in a herd with haemorrhagic problems on a farm in gloucestershire. the characteristic pattern of prolonged partial thromboplastin time with normal prothrombin time and thrombin time was shown to be associated with a partial factor xi deficiency, a congenital defect previously identified in cattle in north america.19873629878
observations on the incidence of herds with non-visible lesioned tuberculin test reactors in south-west england.the herd incidence of confirmed mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle in the south-west of england has been approximately ten times that of the remainder of england and wales; this greater incidence has been attributed to infection from badgers. the incidence of herds with only non-visible lesioned tuberculin test reactors, from which m. bovis was not isolated, has also remained higher in the south-west region. the incidences of these latter unconfirmed incidents were compared in parishes in t ...19873609171
observations on the pattern of nematode larval availability on pasture grazed annually by cattle, 1959 to 1985. 19873604010
radionuclide monitoring in northern ireland of the chernobyl nuclear reactor accident.northern ireland received higher radiation doses due to the radionuclide contamination from the chernobyl nuclear reactor accident than did the south of england. levels of radioactive iodine ((131)i) and caesium ((137)cs) in cows' milk in northern ireland increased to 166 and 120 bq/l respectively in may 1986, but had decreased by factors of one million, and of twenty-five, respectively, by 1 september 1986. the resultant radiation doses represent less than one per cent of those received by a no ...19873590387
environmental impact of particles emitted from windscale piles, 1954-7.during 1954-7 particles of irradiated uranium oxide were emitted from the windscale piles. the particles were large compared with most ambient aerosols, 85% by weight being between 10 and 100 micron diameter, and they mostly fell within a few kilometers of the works. from measurements of activity in soil in 1958 onwards, it is estimated that about 12 kg of uranium, 20 ci of 137cs, 18 ci of 90sr and 0.3 ci of 239+240pu were emitted. to estimate the concentrations of 90sr and 137cs in milk during ...19873589652
tuberculosis infection in cattle and badgers in an area of staffordshire.the recent history of tuberculosis infection in cattle in staffordshire is described, showing how a problem area in the north of the county was identified. the subsequent culture of mycobacterium bovis from badger faeces and a badger carcase is reported together with the operations to remove badgers from the area.19873554718
the milk option. an aspect of the history of the infant welfare movement in england 1898-1908. 19873543563
speciation, serotyping, antimicrobial sensitivity and plasmid content of proteeae from the environment of calf-rearing units in south west england.a survey was undertaken of the occurrence, serotype, antimicrobial sensitivity and plasmid content of members of the tribe proteeae in the environment of two calf-rearing units in the county of avon in south west england. examples of the following species were found: proteus mirabilis, prot. vulgaris, prot. vulgaris biogroup 2, morganella morganii, providencia stuartii, prov. alcalifaciens and prov. rettgeri. a wide range of serotypes was found, many having been previously reported from nosocomi ...19863540110
pulmonary tuberculosis due to mycobacterium bovis.during 1969-84 mycobacterium bovis was isolated from 20 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. this represented less than 1% of the total cases of respiratory tuberculosis confirmed bacteriologically at the liverpool public health laboratory during this period. all 20 patients were considered to have reactivated disease and all presented with the typical features of respiratory tuberculosis. during the same period four cases of pulmonary infection by mycobacterium africanum were recognised. this ...19863538491
the historical riddle of milk-borne scarlet fever. 19863530356
bovine variants of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated in liverpool during the period 1969 to 1983: an epidemiological survey.between 1969 and 1983 inclusive, the bovine variants of mycobacterium tuberculosis (m. bovis and m. africanum) were isolated from 75 patients with tuberculosis. this represented 2.9 per cent of all significant mycobacteria identified at the liverpool public health laboratory during this period. the clinical and radiological features of infection did not differ from those found with m. tuberculosis. there was an association between m. bovis infection, extrapulmonary disease and lifelong united ki ...19863529160
tuberculosis in east sussex. iv. a systematic examination of wild mammals other than badgers for tuberculosis.a detailed investigation of the possible role of wild mammals, other than badgers, in the maintenance of mycobacterium bovis in an area on the south downs of east sussex was carried out over 3 years. estimates of population sizes were made where possible and minimum sample sizes were selected to be 95% certain of including at least one infected animal if the prevalence was at least 5%. samples of wild mammals were taken from populations which had the highest potential direct or indirect contact ...19863525673
tuberculosis in east sussex. iii. comparison of post-mortem and clinical methods for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in badgers.following epidemiological and ecological studies of a defined badger population in an area of east sussex, removal of all badgers by cage trapping was attempted. trapping was incomplete due to the activities of protesters. forty-seven badgers were caught from the eight social groups. all badgers were examined clinically and samples of faeces, urine and tracheal aspirate were taken, together with swabs from any bite wounds, for bacteriological examinations. forty-five animals were skin tested usi ...19863525672
tuberculosis in east sussex. ii. aspects of badger ecology and surveillance for tuberculosis in badger populations (1976-1984).following the disclosure of mycobacterium bovis infection in badgers in east sussex in 1976, badgers have been examined from and around farms on which cattle have become infected, but with no other attributable source of infection. these farms are confined to the downland of the south-west of the county and m. bovis has been confirmed in badger populations utilising their land. the available evidence indicates that m. bovis infection in badgers is also confined to this area. a detailed study in ...19863525670
observations on the incidence of clinical bovine mastitis in non-lactating cows in england and wales.epidemiological features of clinical mastitis in dry cows from a three year prospective study are described. two hundred and seventy-three herds in england and wales participated in the first year (1980) and 209 and 159 of them continued in the study in the subsequent two years. clinical mastitis was recorded in 1.5 per cent of cows during the dry period in each of the three years. these cases represented between 3.6 and 4.2 per cent of samples from all clinical cases examined. the incidence of ...19863523959
living history--a biography of arthur b. chapman. 19863521282
incidence of clinical mastitis in a cohort of british dairy herds.a three-year survey to determine the incidence of clinical mastitis and the associated bacteria in dairy herds in england and wales is described. escherichia coli was the predominant organism in each year. streptococcus uberis and staphylococcus aureus were important for part for each year. the annual incidence of mastitis declined from 54.6 cases per 100 cows in 1980 to 41.2 in 1982. the incidence increased with age and declined with increasing herd size. the culling rate due solely to mastitis ...19863521059
the epidemiology of milk-borne scarlet fever: the case of edwardian brighton. 19863515978
a survey of abomasal ulceration in veal calves.abomasal ulceration was found in 264 of 304 commercially reared veal calves at slaughter. the incidence and severity of lesions were greatest in loose housed calves with access to straw and fed milk substitute ad libitum. the majority of lesions were located in the distal pylorus. there was no evidence that the abomasal erosions and ulcers found in the majority of veal calves affected their growth rate or were deleterious to their welfare. it is suggested that pyloric ulceration may be related t ...19873438993
the epidemiology of summer mastitis: a survey of clinical cases. 19873427388
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