Publications

[microbial contamination of twenty drugs of plant origin].	twenty drugs of plant origin were analysed in order to determine the microbial contamination level. a light homogenizing method was used to avoid an increase in the antimicrobial capacity of certain drugs, which would falsify the analytical results. the total viable aerobic count (tvc) varied from 10(1) to 10(7) cfu/g and in 11 samples out of 21 was equal to or higher than 10(5) cfu/g. the number of fungi varied from one drug to another, but was generally lower than the aerobic tvc to the power ...	1992	1438458
[fractal structure of microorganism colonies].		1992	1425170
effect of side-chain amide thionation on turnover of beta-lactam substrates by beta-lactamases. further evidence on the question of side-chain hydrogen-bonding in catalysis.	two side-chain-thionated beta-lactams, a penicillin and a cephalosporin, have been prepared and found to be not significantly poorer as substrates of typical serine (classes a and c) beta-lactamases than are their oxo analogues. this result is interpreted to mean that any hydrogen-bonding site on these enzymes for the beta-lactam side-chain amide carbonyl group must be flexible and is more likely to be a passive rather than active or essential feature of the active site. previously, data from cr ...	1992	1417747
a method for the determination of bacterial spore dna content based on isotopic labelling, spore germination and diphenylamine assay; ploidy of spores of several bacillus species.	a reliable method for measuring the spore dna content, based on radioactive dna labelling, spore germination in absence of dna replication and diphenylamine assay, was developed. the accuracy of the method, within 10-15%, is adequate for determining the number of chromosomes per spore, provided that the genome size is known. b subtilis spores were shown to be invariably monogenomic, while those of larger bacilli bacillus megaterium, bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis, often, if not invar ...	1992	1391052
comparative analysis of 23s ribosomal rna gene sequences of bacillus anthracis and emetic bacillus cereus determined by pcr-direct sequencing.	the primary structures of the 23s ribosomal rna genes of bacillus anthracis and an emetic strain of bacillus cereus were determined by direct sequencing of enzymatically amplified chromosomal dna. the 23s rrna gene sequences of b. anthracis and b. cereus were found to be almost identical and showed only two differences (a single nucleotide change, and a single base insertion in b. cereus). the feasibility of using pcr-direct sequencing for the rapid sequence determination of large-subunit rrna g ...	1992	1381695
differential susceptibility of phosphatidylcholine small unilamellar vesicles to phospholipases a2, c and d in the presence of membrane active peptides.	activities of phospholipases c and d along with a2 were followed on egg phosphatidylcholine small unilamellar vesicles in the presence of membrane active peptides melittin, gramicidin s and alamethicin. decrease in the activity of phospholipase c and d and enhancement of phospholipases a2 activity suggest that these enzymes are sensitive to alterations in the lipid packing in the membranes in the presence of these peptides. phospholipase c and d, which have not been used to study peptide--membra ...	1992	1370889
organization and nucleotide sequence of the glutamine synthetase (glna) gene from lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus.	a 3.3-kb bamhi fragment of lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus dna was cloned and sequenced. it complements an escherichia coli glna deletion strain and hybridizes strongly to a dna containing the bacillus subtilis glna gene. dna sequence analysis of the l. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus dna showed it to contain the glna gene encoding class i glutamine synthetase, as judged by extensive homology with other prokaryotic glna genes. the sequence suggests that the enzyme encoded in this gene ...	1992	1359838
[cloning and gene expression of bacillus cereus neutral proteinase in bacillus subtilis cells].	the neutral proteinase gene of bacillus cereus was cloned. its restriction map and the direction of transcription was determined. it was shown that the neutral proteinase gene could be expressed in bacillus cells. the thermostability of the product coded by the neutral proteinase gene and its natural analogue was explored. the obtained data indicate that the neutral proteinase of bacillus cereus is closely related to the enzyme of bacillus amyloliquefaciens by these parameters. it was found that ...	1992	1339956
a high level of cell surface phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c activity is characteristic of growth-arrested 3t3 fibroblasts but not of transformed variants.	confluent monolayers of four contact-inhibited mouse fibroblast lines (swiss 3t3, balb/c 3t3, nih 3t3, and c3h10t1/2) were found to have substantial levels of a cell surface phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c (ecto-plc). in contrast, confluent cultures of virally, chemically, or spontaneously transformed variants derived from these cell lines expressed undetectable or negligible levels of this enzyme activity. a simple and rapid assay, using lysophosphatidylinositol radio-labeled in t ...	1992	1338336
kinetics of bacillus cereus phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c with thiophosphate and fluorescent analogs of phosphatidylinositol.	thiophosphate analogs (c-s-p bond) of phosphatidylinositol (cn-thio-pi: racemic hexadecyl-, dodecyl-, and octylthiophosphoryl-1-myo-inositol) and a fluorescent analog (pyrene-pi: rac-4-(1-pyreno)-butylphosphoryl-1-myo-inositol) were all substrates for phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c from bacillus cereus. hydrolysis of thio-pi was followed by coupling the production of alkylthiol to a disulfide interchange reaction with dithiobispyridine. hydrolysis of pyrene-pi was followed using a ...	1992	1333794
mammalian cells that express bacillus cereus phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c have increased levels of inositol cyclic 1:2-phosphate, inositol 1-phosphate, and inositol 2-phosphate.	phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c (ptdins-plc) of bacillus cereus catalyzes the conversion of ptdins to inositol cyclic 1:2-phosphate and diacylglycerol. nih 3t3, swiss mouse 3t3, cv-1, and cos-7 cells were transfected with a cdna encoding this enzyme, and the metabolic and cellular consequences were investigated. overexpression of ptdins-plc enzyme activity was associated with elevated levels of inositol cyclic 1:2-phosphate (2.5-70-fold), inositol 1-phosphate (2-20-fold), and inosi ...	1992	1328186
substrate stereospecificity of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c from bacillus cereus examined using the resolved enantiomers of synthetic myo-inositol 1-(4-nitrophenyl phosphate).	the substrate stereospecificity of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c from bacillus cereus is examined using the resolved optical isomers of synthetic myo-inositol 1-(4-nitrophenyl phosphate), a chromogenic substrate for the phospholipase. the synthetic route employs mild acid-labile protecting groups and separation of the substituted myo-inositol enantiomers as the (-)-camphanyl ester diastereomers. measurements of the initial rates of cleavage of the d and l enantiomers of the nitro ...	1992	1327107
characterization of a zn(2+)-requiring glycerophosphocholine cholinephosphodiesterase possessing p-nitrophenylphosphocholine phosphodiesterase activity.	p-nitrophenylphosphocholine phosphodiesterase activity was purified 5000-fold from mouse brain by treatment of membranes with bacillus cereus phospholipase c preparation and sequential chromatographies on concanavalin a-sepharose and cm-sephadex columns. the phosphodiesterase (zn(2+)-requiring) showed km and vmax. values of 5.5 microm and 4.2 mumol/min per mg respectively in the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenylphosphocholine, and possessed an optimum ph of 10.5 and a molecular mass of approx. 74 kda. ...	1992	1326942
phospholipids chiral at phosphorus. stereochemical mechanism for the formation of inositol 1-phosphate catalyzed by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c.	the phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c (pi-plc) from mammalian sources catalyzes the simultaneous formation of both inositol 1,2-cyclic phosphate (icp) and inositol 1-phosphate (ip). it has not been established whether the two products are formed in sequential or parallel reactions, even though the latter has been favored in previous reports. this problem was investigated by using a stereochemical approach. diastereomers of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-(1d- [16o,17o]phosphoinositol) ( ...	1992	1318746
bce83i, a restriction endonuclease from bacillus cereus 83 which recognizes novel nonpalindromic sequence 5'-cttgag-3' and is stimulated by s-adenosylmethionine.		1992	1315959
phospholipase c-mediated hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine is a target of transforming growth factor beta 1 inhibitory signals.	cell growth and tumor transformation can be restrained in certain cell systems by the action of transforming growth factor beta (tgf-beta). it has been established that the mechanism whereby tgf-beta 1 inhibits cell growth does not interfere with the triggering of early mitogenic signal transduction mechanisms. phospholipase c-catalyzed hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine (pc) is a relatively late step in the cascade activated by growth factors. therefore, conceivably activation of phospholipase c ...	1992	1309592
nucleotide sequence of the lecithinase operon of listeria monocytogenes and possible role of lecithinase in cell-to-cell spread.	the lecithinase gene of the intracellular pathogen listeria monocytogenes, plcb, was identified in a 5,648-bp dna fragment which expressed lecithinase activity when cloned into escherichia coli. this fragment is located immediately downstream of the previously identified gene mpl (prta). it contains five open reading frames, named acta, plcb, and orfx, -y, and -z, which, together with mpl, form an operon, since a 5.7-kb-long transcript originates from a promoter located upstream of mpl (j. menga ...	1992	1309513
studies on kinetic model of vitamin c two-step fermentation process.	this paper aims at analyzing the bioconversion process from l-sorbose to 2-keto-l-gulonic acid with the aid of the growth factor assumption. fermentation mechanism is discussed after making necessary simplifications. a model is established for this second step fermentation process. nonlinear optimization together with runge-kutta method, are used to obtain model parameters. results of computer simulation agree with experimental data to show the reliability of the kinetic model.	1992	1295600
bacteriophage and bacteriophage-like structures carried by bacillus medusa and their effect on sporulation.	bacillus medusa was found to carry three phages or phagelike structures named phi med-1, phi med-2, and phi med-3. phi med-1 is a minute, 25-nm-diameter particle without a tail. it was extracted from the sporulation lysate of a phi med-2-minus strain of b. medusa and purified by differential centrifugation. the nucleic acid from this structure was shown to be orcinol positive, alkali sensitive, rnase sensitive, and dnase resistant. an rnase-resistant core of nucleic acid was not found, indicatin ...	1976	1271529
phosphatidyl-(n-acyl)-ethanolamine. a lipid component of mammalian epidermis.	a lipid present in the granular cells of mammalian epidermis was identified as phosphatidyl-(n-acyl)-ethanolamine. the structure was deduced from the ratio of phosphorus : nitrogen : glycerol : fatty acid esters : total fatty acid (1 : 0.94 : 0.97 : 2.1 : 2.9), from analyses of the products of alkaline and acid hydrolyses and from its infrared spectrum. conclusive evidence was obtained by a direct comparison of the chromatographic properties, degradation products and infrared spectrum of the iso ...	1976	1268235
[possible relationship between bacterial surface structures, immune-adherence, chemotaxis and phagocytosis (author's transl)].	in the present study we attempted to determine the relationship between bacterial surface structures, immune adherence, chemotaxis and phagocytosis. as shown in table 1 encapsulated bacteria (klebsiella ozanae, k. pneumoniae, pasteurella multocida, streptococcus pneumoniae), mycoplasma pneumoniae and m. fermentans had a much lower immune adherence-activity than non-encapsulated bacteria (bacillus cereus, brucella abortus, erysipelothrix insidiosa, escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes, pseudo ...	1976	1258564
effect on microorganisms of volatile compounds released from germinating seeds.	volatile compounds evolved from germinating seeds of slash pine, bean, cabbage, corn, cucumber, and pea were evaluated for their ability to support growth of microorganisms in liquid mineral salts media lacking a carbon source. growth of eight bacteria was measured turbidimetrically and of six fungi as dry weight of mycelium. volatiles caused increased growth of pseudomonas fluorescens, bacillus cereus, erwinia carotovora, agrobacterium tumefaciens, a. radiobacter, rhizobium japonicum, mucor muc ...	1975	1201509
relation between various phospholipase actions on human red cell membranes and the interfacial phospholipid pressure in monolayers.	the action of purified phospholipases on monomolecular films of various interfacial pressures is compared with the action on erythrocyte membranes. the phospholipases which cannot hyorolyse phospholipids of the intact erythrocyte membrane, phospholipase c from bacillus cereus, phospholipase a2 from pig pancreas and crotalus adamanteus and phospholipase d from cabbage, can hydrolyse phospholipid monolayers at pressure below 31 dynes/cm only. the phospholipases which can hydrolyse phospholipids of ...	1975	1174576
reactivation of the lipid-depleted pyruvate oxidase system from escherichia coli with cell envelope neutral lipids.	the pyruvate oxidase system of escherichia coli is composed of a soluble flavoprotein, pyruvate oxidase (ec 1.2.2.2, pyruvate:ferricytochrome b1 oxidoreductase), and an electron transport system associated with the cell envelope-membrane fraction. the membrane particles contain 15% lipid by weight. fractionation of the lipids revealed that abut one-third are neutral lipids and two-thirds are phospholipids. the relative ratio of ubiquinone to menaquinone within the neutral lipid fraction is 15:1 ...	1975	1100621
parenteral administration of phospholipase c in the rat. distribution, elimination, and lethal doses.	infusions of tissue thromboplastin induce intravascular coagulation in animals. phospholipase c (plc) (ec 3.1.4.3) from bacillus cereus has a marked protective effect against such infusions and might be of value in the therapy of certain types of intravascular coagulation. we have therefore studied the toxicity, half-life, and effect on lipolysis of purified plc in rats, using parenteral administration of 14c-labelled enzyme. following intravenous injection, the plasma half-life was 5.2-5.4 min, ...	1976	1006144
evidence for two immune inhibitors from bacillus thuringiensis interfering with the humoral defense system of saturniid pupae.	mutants of bacillus thuringiensis lacking either beta-exotoxin or gamma-endotoxin were compared for their virulence using pupae of a giant silk moth. known doses of viable log-phase bacteria were injected, and the response was followed as the number of viable bacteria in the hemolymph. the results obtained imply that, in the system used, neither the beta-exotoxin nor the gamma-endotoxin and the sporeforming ability are of importance for virulence. results with sterile culture filtrate from b. th ...	1976	992874
asymmetry of the phospholipid bilayer of rat liver endoplasmic reticulum.	the phospholipids of intact microsomal membranes were hydrolysed 50% by phospholipase c of clostridium welchii, without loss of the secretory protein contents of the vesicle, which are therefore not permeable to the phospholipase. phospholipids extracted from microsomes and dispersed by sonication were hydrolysed rapidly by phospholipase c-cl. welchii with the exception of phosphatidylinositol. assuming that only the phospholipids of the outside of the bilayer of the microsomal membrane are hydr ...	1977	921959
substrate-induced deactivation of penicillinases. studies of beta-lactamase i by hydrogen exchange.	the conformational motility of beta-lactamase i from bacillus cereus was studied by hydrogen exhange. the time course of the isotopic replacement of peptide hydrogen atoms was followed by 'exchange-in' or 'exchange-out' experiments. many of the substrates for this enzyme that have o-substituted aromatic or heterocyclic side chains (e.g. methicillin or cloxacillin) are known to effect a decrease in enzymic activity ('substrate-induced deactivation'). there was a marked discontinuity in the exchan ...	1977	921750
membrane properties of aplysia neurones intracellularly injected with phospholipases a and c.	1. the effects of phospholipases a from bee venom and from porcine pancreas and of phospholipases c from clostridium welchii and bacillus cereus on active and passive membrane properties of aplysia neurones have been studied. consistent alterations in electrical membrane properties were found following intracellular application of three of these enzymes.2. bee venom phospholipase a produced a rapid decrease of membrane potential and resistance. voltage clamping revealed a marked depression of pe ...	1977	874892
inhibition of n5-methyltetrahydrofolate - homocysteine transmethylase by a vitamin b12-antimetabolite.		1976	829218
comparison of two methods for detecting antibiotic residues in slaughter animals.	a comparison was made of the sensitivity of two methods in current use for the detection of antibiotic residues in slaughter animals. calves previously given therapeutic injections of an antibiotic were used and a variety of samples were tested.	1976	828970
purification & properties of isozymes of glutamate dehydrogenase form bacillus cereus t.		1976	828900
the applications of immobilized enzymes in automated analysis.		1976	828702
studies on megacinogeny in bacillus cereus. ii. bacillus cereus isolates characterized by prophage-controlled production of megacin a (phospholipase a).	five out of a number of bacillus cereus strains isolated from soil produced high titre specific bacteriocin (megacin a) in mitomycin c-induced cultures. in the course of cultivation with ethidium bromide, the strains gave off segregants not producing bacteriocin (cin-). the lysate of two wild strains formed plaques on the corresponding cin- bacteria. the two phages (wx23 and wx26) were identical in antigenic structure with phage wx was present in the lysate of b. cereus strain w, and converted c ...	1976	828441
studies on megacinogeny in bacillus cereus. i. multiplication of phage wx causing lysogenic conversion to megacin a (phospholipase a) production.	phage wx capable of reconverting bacillus cereus strain w derivatives, cured to lose megacin a (phospholipase a) production into megacin a-producing cultures, exhibits unusual kinetics of multiplication; its clear mutant, phage wxc, behaves similarly. the phages are not adsorbed by stationary phase indicator bacteria. as sonicated bacteria fail to inactivate the phages, the absence of adsorption cannot be attributed to an undersurface localization of the receptors. multiplying bacteria exert a s ...	1976	828440
filamentous appendages of bacillus cereus spores.		1976	828210
effect of phospholipase c hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids on acyltransferase systems in rat liver microsomes.	three kinds of phospholipase c [ec 3.1.4.3] were used to selectively hydrolyze phospholipids in rat liver microsomes, and their effects on the acyl-coa: glycerophosphate and acyl-coa: lysophospholipids acyltransferase systems were examined. the glycerophosphate acyltransferase [ec 2.3.1.15] system was inactivated rapidly by treatment with phospholipase c of ps. aureofaciens or b. cereus and the loss of activity paralleled the degradation of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. the 1 ...	1976	828160
[evaluation of successful chemotherapie of infections of the urinary system by determination of antibacterial activity in the urine (author's transl)].	5,589 urin samples from patients with suspected infections of the urinary tract were screened for inhibiting activity against baz. cereus (atcc 6051). in 19% of these urines such inhibitors could be found. in spite of the antibacterial inhibition activity nearly half of the samples had bacteria in high number. by comparison of the various bacterial species in both groups of urin, in those without antibacterial "problem-bacteria": klebsiella-enterobacter- proteus- candida-species is demonstrated. ...	1976	828144
[the effects of weak magnetic fields on bacteria].	a stationary device was constructed for conducting experiments in a weak magnetic field. a ferromagnetic screen was used to produce in the working volume a magnetic-field of 26 nt. the effect of a weak magnetic field on the following bacteria was studied: e. coli communior, b. prodigiosum, staphylococcus aureus 209, and bac. anthracoides. cultivation of the bacteria in these conditions for a long time resulted in changes of their tinctorial, morphological, cultural, and biochemical properties.	1976	827667
highly sensitive determination of bacillus cereus exo - enterotoxin using the method of aggregate haemagglutination.	the possibility has been demonstrated of using the method of aggregate-haemagglutination for the detection of b. cereus exo-enterotoxin in both food products and culture media. it has been established that 0.004 mug/ml of enterotoxin can be detected by this method. the applied antisera to b. cereus enterotoxin did not yield cross reactions with enterotoxins produced by e. coli, cl. perfringens, st. aureus, v. cholerae or sh. dysenteriae.	1976	827583
production and isolation of cerexins c and d studies on antibiotics from the genus bacillus. xvii.	from the culture broth of bacillus cereus 60-6, in which antibiotic production was improved a new antibiotic, named cerexin c, was isolated. similarly, a new antibiotic, cerexin d was isolated from the culture broth of bacillus cereus gp-3. cerexins c and d are closely related to cerexins a and b in their physico-chemical and antimicrobial properties. in fact cerexins c and d are peptides essentially identical with cerexins a and b except for the presence of a lysine residue in place of the gamm ...	1976	827541
the structure of cerexin b (studies on antibiotics from the genus bacillus. xvii).	the structure of cerexin b was examined. the constitutent fatty acids were elucidated by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry to be beta-hydroxy isodecanoic acid, beta-hydroxy decanoic acid, beta-hydroxy isoundecanoic acid and beta-hydroxy anteisoundecanoic acid. the configurations of constituent amino acids were determined as asparagine (2d, 1l), valine (d), phenylalanine (d), allo-threonine (d), tryptophan (d), and allo-isoleucine (d) from their optical activities. treatment with conc. hyd ...	1976	827540
the total structure of cerexin a (studies on antibiotics from the genus bacillus. xvi.	the constituent fatty acid of cerexin a was elucidated to be beta-hydroxy isoundecanoic acid by gas chromatography, mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. the asparaginyl asparagine linkage in the amino acid sequence of the antibiotic, which has been previously described, was proved to be a normal alpha-carboxylpeptide bond by dehydration-reduction procedure. the three asparagine residues in the sequence were isolated separately and their chiralities were determined. the structure of ...	1976	827539
effect of near-ultraviolet radiation on growth and respiration of bacillus cereus t.		1976	827494
[physicochemical characteristics of dna and the amino acid composition of bacillus phages].	from five bacillus phages nucleic acids were isolated and identified as double-stranded dna of the at-type. their melting point was 85-86.5 degrees c, molecular weight 23.4-43.7x10(6) daltons. the content of dna in phage particles was 39.9-44.0%, the content of protein 55.7-56.1%. the examination of the amino acid composition in phages 125/50 and 617 revealed a low level of serine and the lack of methionine, while the remaining amino acid composition of bacillus phages was close to that of e. co ...	1976	827122
biosynthesis of ribothymidine in the transfer rna of streptococcus faecalis and bacillus subtilis. a methylation of rna involving 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate.	the methyl moiety of ribothymidine in the trna of streptococcus faecalis, bacillus subtilis, and probably bacillus cereus is dervied from a 1-carbon folate derivative and not s-adenosylmethionine. micrococcus luteus (m. lysodeikticus) trna appears to be almost devoid of ribothymidine. s. faecalis trna lacking ribothymidine can be methylated in vitro with formation of ribothymidine. 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate has been identified as the 1-carbon donor involved in ribothymidine formation in s. ...	1976	826533
the folate-mediated synthesis of ribothymidylate in transfer ribonucleic acid, and evidence for multifunctional enzymes in one-carbon metabolism in eukaryotic sources.		1976	826434
protection of rats by phospholipase c from bacillus cereus against the effects of intravenous infusions of purified tissue thromboplastin.	infusions of purified tissue thromboplastin in rats cause the accumulation of fibrin and platelets in the lungs and produce marked changes in the platelet count and in the coagulation factors v, vii and viii. tissue thromboplastin in a dose corresponding to less than 2 mug of protein per rat is lethal when given as a bolus injection. simultaneous i.v. administration purified phospholipase c effectively prevents all these changes and protects rats from otherwise lethal doses of tissue thromboplas ...	1976	825958
highly sensitive determination of bacillus cereus exo-enterotoxin using the method of aggregate haemagglutination.	the possibility has been demonstrated of using the method of aggregate-haemagglutination for the detection of b. cereus exo-enterotoxin in both food products and culture media. it has been established that 0.004 mug/ml of enterotoxin can be detected by this method. the applied antisera to b. cereus enterotoxin did not yield cross reactions with enterotoxins produced by e. coli, cl. perfringens, st. aureus, v. cholerae or sh. dysenteriae.	1976	825572
the structure of phosphatidyl glycerol prepared by phospholipase d-catalyzed transphosphatidylation from egg lecithin and glycerol.		1976	825236
food poisoning outbreak attributed to bacillus cereus.		1976	825214
a rapid method for the purification of beta-lactamase from bacillus cereus by affinity chromatography.		1976	824973
effect of nisin on the germination and proliferation of spores of some aerobic spore-formers in nutrient medium.		1976	824886
studies on the production of enterotoxins by bacillus cereus.	evidence is presented for the existence of three distinct enterotoxins detected in concentrated cell-free culture filtrates of selected bacillus cereus strains. the first was a product capable of stimulating the adenylate cyclase-cyclic-amp system in intestinal epithelial cells and, possibly through this, causing fluid accumulation in ligated ileal sections ("loops") of young rabbits. this was elaborated by a strain isolated from an incident of diarrhoea and which caused diarrhoea in 6 of 10 mon ...	1976	824325
identification of a novel enterotoxigenic activity associated with bacillus cereus.	a strain of bacillus cereus isolated from a food poisoning outbreak characterized by vomiting has been shown to be capable of causing vomiting when cultures grown on rice, but not other media, were fed to rhesus monkeys. in contrast, a strain isolated from a diarrhoeal outbreak produced diarrhoea, but not vomiting, when grown on various media in similar feeding trials. furthermore, culture filtrates from the diarrhoeal strain caused fluid accumulation in ligated rabbit ileal loops whereas those ...	1976	824324
morphological changes in escherichia coli and bacillus cereus caused by external histone.	it was found that the externally added histone changes remarkably both the surface and the internal ultrastructure of cells of escherichia coli. the interaction of histone with surface structures results in thickening of the inner layer of the cell wall. cytoplasm becomes condensed, contains extensive electrontransport zones and neither ribosomes nor the nuclear structure are differentiated. the addition of histone to germinating spores of bacillus cereus decelerates germination and postgerminat ...	1976	824179
heat-induced requirements for sucrose or magnesium for expression of heat resistance in bacillus cereus forespores.	the addition of 0.6 m sucrose of 0.016 m mg2+ to the enumeration medium was required for early expression of heat resistance (10 min at 70 degrees c) in stage v bacillus cereus forspores. the addition of mg2+ to the sporulation medium did not remove this requirment for sucrose of mg2+. the heat damage did not affect forespore germination or outgrowth, but injured cells in the absence of sucrose or mg2+ were not capable of cell division. the heat-induced sublethal damage apparently affected the f ...	1976	823870
effect of ultrasonic waves on the heat resistance of bacillus spores.	the effect of ultrasonic treatment on the heat resistance of bacillus spores differs widely both with the species and the strain tested. ultrasonic waves do not affect the heat resistance of some strains, whereas they greatly reduce that of other strains of the same species. the heat-sensitizing effect of ultrasonic waves is more pronounced when short heating periods are used. ultrasonic treatment does not seem to affect the "z value".	1976	823864
[antibiotic residues in organs and muscle tissues of broilers. i. bacitracin, flavomycin, spiramycin and viriniamycin residues following administration of diets containing low levels of these antibiotics (author's transl)].	two groups of broilers were fed two different feed mixtures. a feed containing a mixture of bacitracin, flavomycin, spiramycin and virginiamycin (20 ppm each) was administered to sixity broilers. sixty other broilers were given a similar feed not containing any antibiotics. after slaughter, samples of kidney, liver and breast were examined for the presence of antibiotic residues. all samples were found to be negative for antibiotic residues. four micro-organisms were used in performing the tests ...	1976	823664
[an episode of alimentary toxinfection caused by bacillus cereus].		1976	823623
[thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics of b.cereus sporal germination].		1975	823535
an autopsy case of food poisoning associated with bacillus cereus.	an autopsy case of food poisoning probably caused by bacillus cereus is presented. the patient was an 11-year-old boy who died about 15 hours after eating chinese noodles. the main pathological features were acute nonspecific gastroenteritis and fatty degeneration of the heart and liver. bacillus cereus was isolated and identified from the peritoneal exudate and intestinal contents. the cause of death is considered to be heart failure resulting from myocardial fatty degeneration.	1976	823082
aucte bacillus cereus mastitis in dairy cattle associated with use of a contaminated antibiotic.		1976	822940
pathology of bacillus cereus mastitis in dairy cows.		1976	822939
biochemical characterization of a cortexless mutant of a variant of bacillus cereus.	previous studies on this cortexless mutant of bacillus cereus var. alesti indicated that the forespore membrane was the site of the biochemical lesion. this hypothesis is supported by the results presented here: fatty acid composition of sporulating cells of themutant is altered, while in vegetative cells it is comparable to the parent; soluble precursors of peptidoglycan synthesis are accumulated in the mutant, at the time of cortex formation; homogenates of the mutant prepared at the time of c ...	1976	822929
[a case of mass food poisoning caused by bac. cereus].		1976	822654
[relationship between the ultrastructure and biochemical composition of spores and their resistance to high temperature exposure and chemical agents].	the author used the spores of b. cereus and of its two mutants (10id -- defective by spore coats, and no. 3 -- dpa-deficient). the mentioned microbes were subjected to the action of vapour (99 degrees), 5% sodium hydroxide solution at a temperature of 50 degreec, and of 0.25% sodium hypochlorite solution. on the basis of the survival curves it was revealed that a mutant with defective coats possessed the least resistance to the factors under study. on these grounds a conclusion was drawn on the ...	1976	822653
[to the ecology of bac. cereus var. mycoides (flügge) in loess black earth in relation to fertilization].		1976	822632
facultative wood-digesting bacteria from the hind-gut of the termite reticulitermes hesperus.	among the facultative bacteria capable of growth on mesquite wood which were isolated from the asceptically dissected hind-gut of the termite reticulitermes hesperus were two strains of bacillus cereus, one strain each of arthrobacter, alcaligenes and serratia, and a very small gram-negative fermentative rod. the b. cereus strains, the serratia marcescens strain and the arthrobacter sp. grew well on a mineral salts alpha-cellusose agar. one of the bacillus cereus strains and serratia marcescens ...	1976	822127
identification of the antibiotic determined by the scp1 plasmid of streptomyces coelicolor a3(2).	the antibiotic whose biosynthesis is determined by the scp1 plasmid of streptomyces coelicolor a3(2) has been characterized as the recently described methylenomycin a (2-methylene-cyclopentan-3-one-4,5-epoxy-4,5-dimethyl-1-carboxylic acid).	1976	822125
antibiotic residues and their recovery from animal tissues.		1976	821907
letter: infection due to bacillus cereus.		1976	821602
bacterial mesosomes. real structures or artifacts?	the ultrastructural study of membrane organization in gram-positive bacteria related to the oso4 fixation conditions revealed that large, complex mesosomes are observed only when the bacteria are subjected to an initial fixation with 0.1%oso4 in the culture broth, as in the prefixation step of the ryter-kellenberger procedure. evidence was obtained suggesting that the large mesosomes are produced by this prefization. the kinetic study of the membrane morphological alterations occurring during th ...	1976	821538
doxycycline in serum and bronchial secretions.	the concentration of doxycycline hydrochloride was measured in serum and bronchial secretions in five patients with chronic bronchitis receiving doxycycline orally in normal therapeutic dosage for seven days (200 mg day 1, 100 mg days 2 to 7). after the loading dose of 200 mg, serum concentrations ranged between 5-40 and 3-45 mug/ml (mean 4-33 mug/ml) at 3 hours, declining to between 2-28 and 1-21 mug/ml (mean 1-71 mug/ml) at 23 hours. the mean serum levels for days 2 to 7 were 2-15, 1-79, and 1 ...	1976	821169
[structural and biochemical changes in the spores of bacillus cereus exposed to caustic soda and hypochlorite].	the spores of bacillus cereus were treated with 5% naoh at 50 degrees c and 0.25% naocl. as a result, 99% of the spores had lost their viability by the 11th and 19.5th minutes, respectively. kinetics of the process has shown that the rates of elimination of calcium and dipicolinic acid from the spores are different, and intensive loss of rna and dna was registered. progressive degradation of spore envelopes and inner structures has been revealed by electron microscopy. lethal effect of the studi ...	1976	820941
alteration of serum lipid values and lipoproteins by bacteria as a possible cause of artifacts in the screening of dyslipoproteinemias.	the intriguing observation of phospholipid deficiency in serum is described. the most prominent feature of sera was the completely abnormal lipoprotein electrophoretic pattern. the predominant occurrance of the phenomenon in the warm season suggested bacterial growth producing phospholipase c. b. cereus could be isolated from sera. in order to prevent these artifacts it is suggested to add 1 mg of na2-edta to each ml of sample before dispatch.	1976	820919
purification of cereolysin and the electrophoretic separation of the active (reduced) and inactive (oxidized) forms of the purified toxin.	cereolysin was purified to apparent homogeneity by using ammonium sulfate fractionation, hydrophobic chromatography with ah-sepharose, isoelectric focusing, and gel filtration. the active form of the toxin had an isoelectric point of 6.6, and the molecular weight of the protein was about 55,500 as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis, gel filtration, and gel electrophoresis using various concentrations of acrylamide. cereolysin contained two half-cystine residues and was dependen ...	1976	820638
thermophilic glyceraldehyde-3-p dehydrogenase.		1976	820563
[3-dimensional reconstruction of the contracted tail of bacillus mycoides bacteriophage h-17].		1976	820530
bacterial infection in haematological diseases.		1976	820503
outer membrane of salmonella typhimurium: accessibility of phospholipid head groups to phospholipase c and cyanogen bromide activated dextran in the external medium.	whole cells of salmonella typhimurium were treated with bacillus cereus phospholipase c or with cnbr-activated dextran. if phosphatidylethanolamine head groups are exposed and accessible on the outer surface of the outer membrane of these cells, it was expected that these groups would be hydrolyzed by the former agent, and become covalently coupled to the latter agent. with strains producing lipopolysaccharides of s or rc type, results did not indicate the presence of any accessible head groups ...	1976	820368
[antibacterial activity and presence of mercury in 12 species of marine algae].		1975	820360
studies on two isozymes of aconitase from bacillus cereus t. ii. further evidence on two distinct activities.		1976	820347
[dissociative phases and pathogenicity of different species of the bacillus genus].	the previously postulated hypothesis, according to which different species of the genus bacillus show strictly similar morphological and biological properties when the same variants are considered, has been confirmed by the present research. the "s" (smooth) variants of the five studied species (b. anthracis, b. subtilis, b. cereus, b. megaterium, b. mesentericus) are all lethal, at the experimented dose, for mice, whereas the "r" (rough, "star-shaped" colonies) variant of the same strains of th ...	1975	820277
an outbreak of bacillus cereus food poisoning resulting from contaminated vegetable sprouts.	in an outbreak of gastrointestinal illness caused by consumption of home-grown raw vegetable sprouts contaminated by bacillus cereus, victims developed symptoms after an incubation period of 6-15 hours. four persons initially experienced nausea and vomiting, and this was followed in 3 cases by abdominal cramps and diarrhea. bacteriologic investigation indicated that b. cereus on unsprouted seeds proliferated during germination in a commercially sold seed sprouting kit and reached levels in exces ...	1976	820192
an outbreak of bacillus cereus food-poisoning in finland associated with boiled rice.	a food-poisoning outbreak caused by bacillus cereus occurred in a finnish industrial plant in january 1975. eighteen of the 36 persons who ate a lunch including boiled rice, meat and vegetables became ill. the disease pattern was similar to previously reported short incubation time b. cereus food-poisonings associated with cooked rice. the median incubation time was two hours, the main symptoms being nausea, abdominal pain and vomiting. rice and certain seasonings were the contaminated raw mater ...	1976	819571
the effect of phospholipase c on human blood platelets.	the effect of phospholipase c (ec 3.1.4.3) on human blood platelets has been studied. phospholipase c from bacillus cereus was purified to homogeneity as judged by analytical and sodium dodecyl sulphate disc gel electrophoresis and by immunoelectrophoresis. human platelets isolated from platelet-rich plasma by gel filtration or by centrifugation and washing were incubated with phospholipase c. a loss of 20-45% of the total platelet phospholipid was observed, whereas 88% was hydrolyzed when plate ...	1976	819457
isolation of three new antibiotics, thiocillins i, ii and iii, related to micrococcin p. studies on antibiotics from the genus bacillus. viii.	thiocillins i and ii were isolated from the culture broth of bacillus cereus g-15, and thiocillins ii and iii from that of bacillus badius ar-91. also, the former two were probably produced by bacillus megatherium i-13. these antibiotics active against gram-positive bacteria are soluble in a mixture of chloroform and methanol, show characteristic ultraviolet absorptions (maxima at ca. 275 nm and ca. 348 nm), and contain a high content of sulfur, as much as approximately 15%. they are related to ...	1976	819410
[morph-physiological researches on schizomycetes. morphogenesis and cytoarchitecture of the microbial colony. ii : b. cereus].		1975	818966
quantitative structure-activity relationships. 2. a mixed approach, based on hansch and free-wilson analysis.	based on the theoretical and numerical equivalence of hansch's linear multiple regression model and the modified free-wilson model a mixed approach is developed. the mixed approach is a combination of both models which makes use of the advantages of each model and widens the applicability of hansch and free-wilson analysis. the free-wilson approach now is applicable also in the case of parabolic dependence of biological activity on a particular physical property, e.g., log p or pi. a rational ex ...	1976	818381
the surface morphology of the phagocytosis of micro-organisms by peritoneal macrophages.	scanning electron-microscopic studies of phagocytosis of various micro organisms by murine peritoneal macrophages has been made. bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus, and brewer's yeast were easily ingested, whereas cryptococcus neoformans was not. the development of intricate and tenuous filopodia preceded close-surface attachment, after which both thin and thicker lamellipodia invested the micro-organisms. loss of the normal surface ridges characterised the replete cell. the technique of sca ...	1976	818354
modified assay medium for the turbidimetric assay of chlortetracycline in feeds.	in previous experiments, the turbidimetric method for determining chlortetracycline-hci (ctc-hci) in feeds showed lower recovery than the aoac plate method. although the addition of vitamins to the turbidimetric medium improved results, values by the turbidimetric method remained about 10% lower than by the plate method. a modified (1.7x the weight recommended by the manufacturer) turbidimetric assay medium decreased assay sensitivity but did not significantly change the slope of s. aureus respo ...	1976	818071
[study of the antagonistic action of actinomycetes on anthrax bacilli].	capacity for the growth inhibition of the highly virulent causative agent of siberia plague was studied with respect to actinomycetous strains from soil samples of the ukraine. it was found that on nutrient media 88.4, 88.9, 88.1 and 93.4% of the isolates inhibited the growth of bac. anthracis, bac. cereus, bac. mycoides and tsenkovsky vaccine strain respectively. representatives of very different taxonomic groups were found among the antagonistic actinomycetes. clearance of the soil from siberi ...	1975	817657
[microorganisms in gums. iv. microbial degradation of plant exudates and seaweed extracts (author's transl)].	the three plant exudates gum traganth, gum arabic, and gum karaya and the two seaweed extracts carrageenan and alginate were degraded by five different bacilli which were isolated from these gums: bacillus coagulans, b. lentus, b. cereus, b. licheniformis, and b. firmus. after 14 days all the gums have been degraded by these bacilli to a different extent after addition of trace elements. the fractions of degraded gums by tlc, glc, and ir-spectroscopy have been examined with the following results ...	1975	817530
acquisition of substrate-specific parameters during the catalytic reaction of penicillinase.	the progress of the catalytic reaction of penicillinase (ec 3.5.2.6; penicillin amido-beta-lactamhydrolase) depends on the structure of the side-chain in derivatives of 6-aminopenicillanic acid (the parent substrate). side-chains of one class promote the rate of the reaction and cause no deviation from the linear kinetics observed with the parent compound. by contrast, side-chains of the other class induce a time-dependent, reversible change in the parameters of the catalytic reaction. the rate ...	1976	817286
response of bacillus thuringiensis to bacteriophage cp-51.	bacteriophage cp-51, a transducing phage of bacillus cereus was able to replicate on all eight varieties of bacillus thuringiensis tested. three general plaque types were observed on each strain although one type predominated on each strain. the plaque size was uniform for each strain regardless of plaque type. the bacterial strain used as source of the phage had no effect on plaque type or size found on any host strain. cp-51 was stable in infected spores of b. thuringiensis var. kurstaki for a ...	1976	816441
death rates of bacterial spores: mathematical models.	the concave survivor curves produced as a result of spore heterogeneity were analyzed to determine whether they were caused by inmate characteristics of the spores or by the acquisition of heat resistance during the heating process. mathematical models developed for the two hypotheses revealed that the concave survivor curve (on semi-log paper) caused by innate heterogeneity is parabolic and that caused by acquired heat resistance is exponential. the mathematical models were applied to several p ...	1976	816439
effect of nitrite and erythorbate on growth of bacillus cereus in cooked sausage and in laboratory media.	bacillus cereus spores were inoculated into sausage mass before cooking. the sausages were kept at 20 degrees c for 48 h before the bacteriological and physiochemical analyses were done. a combination of an addition of 200 mg/kg sodium nitrite and 500 mg/kh sodium erythorbate totally prevented the growth of two strains of b. cereus. increasing the amount of erythorbate did not affect the antibacterial properties of the nitrite. the inhibitory effects of different combinations of the additives we ...	1975	816113
[normal status of bac. cereus and cl. perfringens in the body of healthy slaughter animals].	studied were cattle, pigs, sheep, and young calves intended for slaughter. the experiments were carried out under productional conditions, strictly observing the routinely adopted practice of preslaughter handling. the blood of the animals was sampled prior to slaughter. samples from the meat (musculature), spleen, kidneys, liver, mesenterial and body lymph nodes as well as feces were taken immediately after slaughter. it was established that bacillus cereus and clostridium perfringens were almo ...	1976	816051
food poisoning.		1976	815943