Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| enteritis necroticans: a review. | 1989 | 2541526 | |
| nucleotide sequence analysis and expression studies of a chloramphenicol-acetyltransferase-coding gene from clostridium perfringens. | the nucleotide sequence of a cmr determinant, located on the clostridium perfringens plasmid pip401, was determined and its gene product was identified as chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat). the cat structural gene is preceded by transcription-initiation signals characteristic for escherichia coli sigma 70 or bacillus subtilis sigma 43 promoters. by promoter probing in the heterologous hosts the direction of transcription of the clostridial cat gene was analysed and the cat mrna start point ... | 1989 | 2541053 |
| cloning and sequencing of a phospholipase c gene of clostridium perfringens. | the gene encoding phospholipase c (alpha-toxin) of clostridium perfringens was cloned into lambda gt10. the maximal size of the coding region was 1.4 kb and the minimum was 1.1 kb as determined by subcloning into the vector pbr322 and testing for activity. the nucleotide sequence of this region contained a single open reading frame of 1194 bp corresponding to a protein of mr 45473 with a possible n-terminal signal sequence of 28 amino acids which when removed, would give a mature protein of mr 4 ... | 1989 | 2540749 |
| fatal clostridium perfringens septicemia associated with gastrointestinal arteriovenous malformations (vascular ectasias). | clostridial infections usually occur in association with trauma, malignancy, or intra-abdominal disease. a 72-year-old previously healthy man presented with abdominal distress and fever. he developed a hemolytic anemia, coagulopathy, and fulminant clostridial septicemia. the patient died less than 24 hours after presentation. at autopsy, no malignancy was detected. the patient had an acute clostridial hepatic abscess and multiple arteriovenous malformations (vascular ectasias) of the large and s ... | 1989 | 2540727 |
| [cleavage and synthesis of sialic acids with aldolase. nmr studies of stereochemistry, kinetics, and mechanisms]. | 1h-nmr spectroscopy was used to study cleavage and synthesis of n-acetyl- and n-glycoloyl-d-neuraminic acid by clostridium perfringens aldolase. whereas the alpha-anomers of neu5ac and neu5gc serve as substrate in the cleavage reaction, alpha-mannac and alpha-manngc are its primary products. the same alpha-anomers are needed by the aldolase for the synthesis of neu5ac and neu5gc. during the enzyme reaction in d2o both h-atoms at c-3 of neu5ac are exchanged by deuterium, h-3e reacting faster than ... | 1989 | 2539841 |
| population of salmonella typhimurium in the cecum of gnotobiotic chickens. | to test the interaction of various species of bacteria with salmonella typhimurium, levels of s. typhimurium were measured in the cecum of gnotobiotic chickens inoculated with various test bacteria and subsequently with s. typhimurium. the population of s. typhimurium was suppressed in the cecum of chickens previously inoculated with escherichia coli. populations of bacteroides vulgatus, clostridium perfringens, bifidobacterium thermophilum, or lactobacillus acidophilus were transiently, though ... | 1989 | 2539590 |
| primary clostridial meningitis in infancy. | 1989 | 2539582 | |
| sudden visual loss associated with clostridial bacteraemia. | 1989 | 2539187 | |
| diffuse pneumocephalus from clostridium perfringens meningitis: ct findings. | 1989 | 2539004 | |
| clostridium perfringens and staphylococcus epidermidis polymicrobial septic arthritis. a case report. | septic arthritis caused by clostridium perfringens is extremely rare. previously there has been only one report of clostridium perfringens in combination with an aerobe causing septic arthritis. this report presents a 23-year-old man with a mixed aerobic/anaerobic septic arthritis treated with intravenous antibiotics and repeated surgical drainage. it is the only report to date of a polymicrobial septic arthritis involving both staphylococcus epidermidis and clostridium perfringens. this report ... | 1989 | 2538275 |
| antagonism exerted by an association of a bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strain and a fusobacterium necrogenes strain against clostridium perfringens in gnotobiotic mice and in fecal suspensions incubated in vitro. | antagonism between an association of bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and fusobacterium necrogenes strains and two strains of clostridium perfringens was evidenced both in vivo in gnotobiotic mice and ex vivo in fecal suspensions incubated for 22 h at 37 degrees c. several features of this antagonism were similar in and ex vivo. (i) an obligate and continuous synergy between b. thetaiotaomicron and f. necrogenes was required; (ii) the two c. perfringens strains did not respond to the same extent to ... | 1989 | 2537255 |
| adp-ribosylation of actin causes increase in the rate of atp exchange and inhibition of atp hydrolysis. | adp-ribosylation of skeletal muscle actin by clostridium perfringens iota toxin increased the rate of exchange of actin-bound [gamma-32p]atp by unlabelled atp about twofold. increased exchange rates were observed with atp and atp[gamma s], much less with adp but not with amp or nad. adp-ribosylation of skeletal muscle actin reduced "basal" and mg2+ (1 mm)-induced atp hydrolysis by about 80%. similar inhibition of atp hydrolysis was observed with liver actin adp-ribosylated by clostridium botulin ... | 1989 | 2537199 |
| preliminary evidence that clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin is present in a 160,000-mr complex in mammalian membranes. | clostridium perfringens type a 125i-enterotoxin (125i-cpe) was bound to rabbit intestinal brush border membranes (bbms) or vero cells and then solubilized with 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethyl-ammonio]-1-propanesulfonate (chaps). solubilized radioactivity was analyzed by gel filtration chromatography on a sepharose 4b column or by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) without sample boiling and autoradiography. specifically bound 125i-cpe extracted from either bbms o ... | 1989 | 2536357 |
| cloning and expression of the phospholipase c gene from clostridium perfringens and clostridium bifermentans. | the phospholipase c gene from clostridium perfringens was isolated, and its sequence was determined. it was found that the structural gene codes for a protein of 399 amino acid residues. the nh2-terminal residues have the typical features of a signal peptide and are probably cleaved after secretion. escherichia coli cells harboring the phospholipase c gene-containing plasmid expressed high levels of this protein in the periplasmic space. phospholipase c purified from e. coli transformants was en ... | 1989 | 2536356 |
| molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of the alpha-toxin (phospholipase c) of clostridium perfringens. | a fragment of dna containing the gene coding for the phospholipase c (alpha-toxin) of clostridium perfringens was cloned into escherichia coli. the cloned dna appeared to code only for the alpha-toxin and contained both the coding region and its associated gene promoter. the nucleotide sequence of the cloned dna was determined, and an open reading frame was identified which encoded a protein with a molecular weight of 42,528. by comparison of the gene sequence with the n-terminal amino acid sequ ... | 1989 | 2536355 |
| [lactitol and neomycin: monotherapy or combined therapy in the prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy?]. | the beneficial effect of disaccharides, lactulose and lactitol, in prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy is well established but their use in combination with neomycin is still controversial. we studied in vitro the fecal bacterial growth, acid and gas formation in presence of lactitol (beta-galactoside-sorbitol) and neomycin alone or in combination. the results indicate that neomycin only inhibits the growth of susceptible bacteria (e. coli, staph. aureus) which, conversely, are po ... | 1989 | 2525995 |
| production by clostridium spiroforme of an iotalike toxin that possesses mono(adp-ribosyl)transferase activity: identification of a novel class of adp-ribosyltransferases. | clostridium spiroforme iotalike toxin produced time- and concentration-dependent incorporation of adp-ribose into homo-poly-l-arginine. polyasparagine, polyglutamic acid, polylysine, and agmatine were poor substrates. enzyme activity was associated with the light-chain polypeptide of the toxin. the heavy chain did not possess adp-ribosyltransferase activity, nor did it enhance or inhibit activity of the light chain. in broken-cell assays, the toxin acted mainly on g-actin, rather than f-actin. a ... | 1989 | 2521214 |
| influenza virus changes cell-surface glycoproteins including major histocompatibility complex determinants on lymphocytes. | the effect of influenza virus infection on the expression of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) antigens was investigated. infection with influenza virus resulted in an increase of the binding of anti-mhc class i and class ii antibodies to resting t cells. the binding of anti-mhc class ii antibodies to activated t cells was increased approximately threefold. the binding of anti-mhc class i and class ii antibodies to epstein-barr virus-transformed b cells appeared unaffected after influenza v ... | 1989 | 2514159 |
| comparative in vitro activity of the new oral penem alp-201 against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. | the in vitro activity of the new penem derivative alp-201 against 226 aerobic and 350 anaerobic clinical bacterial isolates was determined using agar dilution techniques. for comparison amoxicillin, cefaclor, ceftazidime, doxycycline, erythromycin, imipenem and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were also tested with aerobic bacteria, and cefoxitin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, imipenem, metronidazole and piperacillin with anaerobic bacteria. alp-201 was found to be highly active against escherichia ... | 1989 | 2512142 |
| phospholipase activation and arachidonic acid release in cultured intestinal epithelial cells (int 407). | the release of free arachidonic acid (aa) in cultured intestinal epithelial cells (int 407) was investigated. int-407 cells were first incubated overnight with radiolabeled 14c-aa, and most of the incorporated 14c-aa esterified into phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylinositol. labeled cells were then exposed to different stimulating agents and the release of free 14c-aa determined. the calcium ionophore a23187 caused a dose-dependent aa release that was preceded by a ... | 1989 | 2506636 |
| effects of exogenous phospholipase enzymes, arachidonic acid and 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol on ketogenesis in isolated rat hepatocytes. | studies were conducted to see whether exogenous phospholipase c from clostridium perfringens, phospholipase a2 from crotalus adamanteus venom, arachidonic acid and 1-oleoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol (oag) mimic the anti-ketogenic action of vasopressin in isolated rat hepatocytes. exogenous phospholipase c inhibited ketogenesis in the presence of 0.5 mm oleate. experiments employing [1-14c]oleate, however, indicated that the mechanism involved in the anti-ketogenic action of exogenous phospholipase c ... | 1989 | 2499356 |
| contraction of the rat isolated aorta caused by clostridium perfringens alpha toxin (phospholipase c): evidence for the involvement of arachidonic acid metabolism. | 1. alpha toxin produced by clostridium perfringens contracted the rat isolated aorta and stimulated release of arachidonic acid in the tissue. 2. quinacrine did not inhibit contraction caused by the toxin. 3. indomethacin blocked contraction caused by the toxin in a dose-dependent manner and markedly increased levels of arachidonic acid released by the toxin. 4. the toxin-induced contraction was blocked by the thromboxane synthetase inhibitor oky-046 and the thromboxane a2 (txa2) antagonist ono- ... | 1989 | 2497921 |
| [enumeration and identification of clostridium from stools treated with the thioglycollate-lysozyme method]. | we have used spore isolation by the sodium thioglycolate-lysozyme technique on collected stools. of the 51 stools studied, we found 41% of clostridium perfringens with an average ratio of 10(4) germs/gr. 15 strains were typical double hemolysis and trehalose positive-5 presented only one hemolysis and were trehalose negative. we only found a single strain of clostridium difficile with a rate of 10(4) germs/gr in the stools of a 10 months infant. | 1989 | 2489405 |
| bacteriological findings in patients with bone marrow transplantation (karl marx university leipzig, 1985-1987). | the results of the bacteriological surveillance cultures for 26 patients with bone marrow transplantation (karl marx university leipzig, g.d.r., 1985-1987) are presented. 5.9% of all surveillance cultures contained facultatively pathogenic germs (with pseudomonas aeruginosa as the most frequent representative, which was the reason of a sepsis in two patients). coagulasenegative staphylococci and other germs with an obscure pathogenicity were isolated upon a large scale, especially from the mucou ... | 1989 | 2480310 |
| receptor-mediated adherence of campylobacter pylori to mouse y-1 adrenal cell monolayers. | an in vitro adherence assay was developed to study the adherence of campylobacter pylori to mammalian cells. strains of c. pylori were isolated from individuals with gastritis. these strains possessed the fibrillar n-acetylneuraminyllactose(neuraminlactose)-binding hemagglutinin (nlbh) and were found to adhere to monolayers of mouse y-1 adrenal cells. adherence was rapid, prevented by pretreatment of the y-1 cells with clostridium perfringens neuraminidase, and blocked by the neuraminlactose-con ... | 1989 | 2473033 |
| trypsin inhibitors inhibit induction by interferon-gamma of hla-dr antigen expression on human skin cells. | serine protease inhibitors with a specificity for trypsin inhibit interferon-gamma (inf-gamma)-induced hla-dr expression on a hybrid human epidermal cell line (h12), dermal fibroblasts, and primary keratinocytes. protease inhibitors with a specificity for chymotrypsin or papain fail to inhibit ifn-gamma. the inhibitory effect of the trypsin inhibitors is similar to that of glucocorticoids in that it is a transient event, fading with length of exposure to ifn-gamma, and is reversed by the additio ... | 1989 | 2472285 |
| studies of uv-inducible promoters from clostridium perfringens in vivo and in vitro. | expression of a 4 kb segment of the bacteriocinogenic plasmid, pip404, from clostridium perfringens is inducible by uv-irradiation. dna sequence analysis revealed that this region contains three genes: uvia, uvib and bcn encoding the bacteriocin bcn5. biochemical studies with mrnas showed that expression was controlled at the transcriptional level and that the genes were organized in two independent transcriptional units, uviab and bcn, both directed by tandem promoters inducible by uv light. th ... | 1988 | 2460717 |
| enterotoxin of clostridium perfringens type a forms ion-permeable channels in a lipid bilayer membrane. | the enterotoxin of clostridium perfringens type a was found to form ion-permeable channels in a lipid bilayer. a patch clamp technique was used to detect channel activities in an asolectin bilayer with incorporated enterotoxin. about 20% of the lipid bilayer patches examined showed rectangular or stepwise shift of membrane current. the shifts indicated the gating of ion-permeable channels in the patches. the channels showed high conductance (40-450 ps), no rectification in current-voltage curves ... | 1988 | 2460102 |
| the effect of a clostridium perfringens 8-6 enterotoxin on viability and macromolecular synthesis in vero cells. | clostridium perfringens type a 8-6 enterotoxin causes gross morphological damage to vero cells grown in tissue culture. damage was observed to occur after only 30 minutes exposure at concentrations as low as 20 ng/ml, and within 60 minutes 95% of the cells had detached. concentrations as low as 0.01 ng were able to cause detectable inhibition of plating efficiency. the enterotoxin inhibited dna, rna and protein synthesis and caused the reversal of glucose transport. heat inactivated enterotoxin ... | 1988 | 2451521 |
| establishment of a monoclonal antibody recognizing an antigenic site common to clostridium botulinum type b, c1, d, and e toxins and tetanus toxin. | the partial amino acid sequence of the light-chain (lc) component of clostridium botulinum type c1 toxin was determined. the sequence was quite similar to those of the other types of botulinum and tetanus toxins. nine monoclonal antibodies against botulinum type e toxin were established by immunizing balb/c mice with type e toxoid or its lc component. six antibodies reacted with the heavy-chain component and three reacted with the lc component of the toxin. one of the latter three antibodies rea ... | 1988 | 2450068 |
| purification and characterization of clostridium perfringens beta toxin. | a new procedure for the purification of beta toxin from culture supernatant fluid of clostridium perfringens was established. the procedure consists of ammonium sulfate fractionation, affinity chromatography on zinc-chelate sepharose and gel filtration on toyopearl hw 60. beta toxin was purified about 460-fold from the ammonium sulfate fraction with a yield of about 60% in terms of lethality of the toxin. the molecular weight of the toxin, determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel ... | 1987 | 2449745 |
| release of proteins from the surface of bovine central nervous system myelin by salts and phospholipases. | incubation of bovine cns myelin with phospholipase c from bacillus cereus under conditions that lead to extensive phospholipid degradation caused 10% of the myelin protein to be released from the membrane. the myelin basic protein (mbp) was a major component of the dissolved protein. comparable incubations with phospholipase c from clostridium perfringens, phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c from staphylococcus aureus, or cabbage phospholipase d removed little mbp. however, concentrati ... | 1988 | 2448423 |
| [creation and study of immune antigangrene preparations]. | 1987 | 2444487 | |
| inhibition of macromolecular synthesis by caffeine in clostridium perfringens. | caffeine (2 mg/ml) inhibited the incorporation of [14c]adenine into actively growing cells of clostridium perfringens nctc 8679 in a dose-dependent manner. also reduced by caffeine was incorporation of [14c]thymidine and 14c-labeled amino acids. no effect on guanine, uracil, adenosine, guanosine, or uridine was detected. actual incorporation of [14c]caffeine or [14c]thymine in control cultures did not occur. | 1987 | 2444322 |
| phospholipase c mimics the differential effects of phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate on the colony formation and cornification of cultured normal and transformed human keratinocytes. | phorbol ester tumour promoters like phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (pma) and serum-derived factors inhibit growth and induce terminal differentiation in normal human and mouse keratinocytes but have a much reduced effect on their transformed counterparts. these observations may be relevant to potency of pma and wounding as tumour promoters in mouse epidermis. since some serum factors produced during wounding are thought to exert their effects through the production of diacylglycerol (dag-the pr ... | 1987 | 2440613 |
| the surface charge of toxoplasma gondii: a cytochemical and electrophoretic study. | the surface charge of toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites was evaluated by means of binding of colloidal iron hydroxide particles at ph 1.8, cationized ferritin particles at ph 7.2 and ruthenium red to the cell surface, as visualized by electron microscopy and by direct measurements of the electrophoretic mobility (epm) of the cells suspended in solutions of different ionic strength and ph. at ph 7.2, t. gondii has a negative surface charge with a mean epm of--1.1272 +/- 0.0917 micron.s-1 x v-1 x cm. ... | 1986 | 2431157 |
| morphological alterations and changes in cellular cations induced by clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin in tissue culture cells. | the morphological alterations (bleb-balloon formation) induced by clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin in hela and vero cells were studied under defined extracellular conditions. the action of enterotoxin was found to depend on the temperature but not on energy metabolism. the morphological alterations by the enterotoxin occurred in phosphate buffered saline containing ca2+ and mg2+. of the constituents of the buffered saline, ca2+ was essential for the morphological alterations and other ... | 1985 | 2429863 |
| enhancement of histamine release from human basophils pretreated with different sialidases. | histamine release from human basophils was investigated in vitro after removal of cell membrane sialic acid by three different sialidases. pretreatment of the cells with sialidases from cl. perfringens, v. cholera or influenza virus a2 enhanced histamine release induced by subsequent stimulation of the cells with anti-ige or the plant lectin concanavalin a and caused a shift to the left of the dose-response curve for anti-ige. the enhanced histamine release was reflected in a increased calcium s ... | 1986 | 2429528 |
| a successfully treated case of mastitis in the bovine associated with clostridium perfringens type a. | 1986 | 2426858 | |
| influence of neuraminidase and n-acetylneuraminic acid on basophil histamine release in vitro. | since n-acetylneuraminic acid (nana) in cell membrane glucocalyx mediates or modulates a variety of actions, such as mediator release, we examined a possible modulating role of this amino sugar in histamine release from human basophil leukocytes. removal of nana from the cell membrane by the enzyme neuraminidase caused a dose-dependent histamine release. removal of smaller amounts of nana enhanced histamine release induced by anti-ige, concanavalin a and the calcium ionophore a23187, and reduced ... | 1986 | 2422975 |
| biochemical properties of n-methylamides of sialic acids in gangliosides. | a simple and rapid method for the preparation of n-methylamides ( - conhch3) of sialic acids in gangliosides and biochemical properties of the modified gangliosides are described. the sialic acid carboxyl groups of gangliosides were esterified with ch3i-dimethylsulfoxide, followed by heating with monomethylamine. the modified gangliosides were chemically identified by tlc, ir spectroscopy, glc-mass spectrometry and nmr spectroscopy. the n-methylamide derivative of gm1 produced a high titer igg a ... | 1986 | 2420784 |
| number and function of sulphydryl groups of n-acetylneuraminate lyase. | the reaction between dtnb and the sh groups of n-acetylneuraminate lyase has been investigated in the presence and absence of pyruvic acid, substrate of the enzyme. it was found that dtnb inactivates n-acetylneuraminate lyase, while pyruvic acid protects the enzyme against this inactivation. when the enzyme was fully inactivated, two sh groups have reacted with dtnb. this result supports previous suggestions, that there is one cystein residue per active site responsible for enzyme activity. in t ... | 1985 | 2412516 |
| development of a cell wash buffer that minimizes nucleic acid loss from clostridium perfringens 10543 a. | autolytic activity and nucleic loss from clostridium perfringens 10543 a was demonstrated during successive cell washes in hypotonic tes buffer. autolysis increased nearly sixfold and nucleic acid loss nearly twofold when 10 mm edta was added to 0.3 m tris-sucrose buffer. attempts to minimize both autolysis and nucleic acid loss from c. perfringens during routine washing steps were unsuccessful when the effects of sucrose concentration, ph, cacl2 addition, or wash temperature were examined indep ... | 1985 | 2411369 |
| toxigenic clostridia. | toxigenic clostridia belonging to 13 recognized species are discussed in this review. each species or group of organisms is, in general, introduced by presenting the historical aspects of its discovery by early investigators of human and animal diseases. the diseases caused by each species or group are described and usually discussed in relation to the toxins involved in the pathology. morphological and physiological characteristics of the organisms are described. finally, the toxins produced by ... | 1990 | 2404569 |
| cloning and sequencing of the genes encoding acid-soluble spore proteins from clostridium perfringens. | in clostridium perfringens the acid-soluble spore proteins (assps) of the alpha/beta type are encoded by two genes, sspc1 and sspc2. these genes, encoding assp c1 and c2 proteins, respectively, were cloned as parts of 3.5-kb genomic fragments. the genes were sequenced and polypeptides of 59 (c1) and 60 (c2) amino acids (aa) were deduced from the nucleotide sequence. the n-terminal met is removed from the primary translation products in both cases, yielding mature polypeptides with mrs of 6306 (c ... | 1990 | 2401406 |
| haemoglobinuria due to clostridium perfringens type a mastitis in a ewe. | a 2-year-old suffolk gimmer presented with clinical signs of haemoglobinuria, jaundice, anaemia and acute mastitis. clinical investigation and bacteriological examination of milk samples revealed clostridium perfringens type a to be the causal agent. | 1990 | 2397380 |
| [a case of disseminated intravascular coagulation (dic) in a cow with endometritis and fetal death]. | acute disseminated intravascular coagulation (dic) was diagnosed in a 3 1/2 year old cow of the simmental breed. the cow was little less than 6 months pregnant and was admitted to the clinic because of severely disturbed general health. the most important clinical findings were increased heart and breathing rate, rectal temperature of 39.9 degrees c, nosebleed and petechiae on the nasal mucosa. additionally, the cow showed petechiae on the vaginal mucosa, haemorrhage from the rectum lasting seve ... | 1990 | 2389139 |
| [the isolation of the ribosomal fraction of clostridium perfringens type a and an evaluation of its protective activity]. | a method for isolation of the ribosomal fraction (rf) from the cytoplasm of type-a c. perfringens strain bp6k was developed and its chemical and antigenic properties characterized. rf has been found to possess protective properties: two subcutaneous immunizations of mice with rf preparations adsorbed on al(oh)3 in doses of 250 and 500 micrograms (dry weight) has ensured, on the average, the protection of 41.9% of the immunized animals from 1 dcl of type-a c. perfringens strain bp6k culture. | 1990 | 2385995 |
| the influence of selected tannin-containing plant species on the tenacity of pathogenic bacteria in an in-vitro rumen system. 1. communication: the influence of selected plant species on the tenacity of cl. perfringens. | the effect of plant species containing tannins on the tenacity of cl. perfringens was elucidated. trials were purchased in physiological saline solution and in a rumen-fluid-medium under anaerobic conditions. the results obtained show, that within minutes the tenacity of cl. perfringens can be reduced by some of the tested plant material not only in physiological saline solution but also in a rumen-fluid-medium. the results indicate that the reaction of some vegetable tannins and clostridium per ... | 1990 | 2385979 |
| [sensitivity of the main causative agents of gas gangrene to currently available antibacterial drugs]. | sensitivity of the main microbial species causing gas gangrene to 21 antibacterial drugs was studied. the pathogens included 28 strains of clostridium perfringens, 21 strains of c. oedematiens, 31 strains of c. septicum and 19 strains of c. histolyticum. antibiotics having a bactericidal effect on the clostridia were determined. the findings of the study were indicative of a variety of the antibiotic sensitivity spectra of the clostridium spp., which accentuated the importance of antibiotic sens ... | 1990 | 2383148 |
| leukotoxic activity of clostridium perfringens of equine origin. | leukotoxic activity of equine isolates of clostridium perfringens type a was examined. thirty-seven isolates (94.9%) of 39 isolates demonstrated leukotoxic effects on mouse peritoneal macrophages. phase contrast microscopy revealed that the toxic preparations induced rounded protoplasmic extrusion and sometimes destruction of the cells, leaving some membrane fragments. these findings suggest that the leukotoxic activity could be considered to be a virulence factor of c. perfringens. | 1990 | 2382518 |
| [metabolic effects of anaerobic gas infection toxins]. | activity of blood serum transaminases correlated distinctly with severity of clinical symptoms of gas-gangrenous intoxication, studied in rats in dynamics of the impairment. activity of the tissue enzymes did not exhibit this correlation. evaluation of transaminases activity may be used as an objective criterion of the toxic infection development as well as of complex therapy efficiency. | 1990 | 2382441 |
| a54145 a new lipopeptide antibiotic complex: microbiological evaluation. | a54145 complex is made up of eight factors; a, a1, b, b1, c, d, e, and f which were active in vitro (mic 0.25 approximately greater than 32 micrograms/ml) against gram-positive aerobic organisms. the complex, factor b and b1 were found to be active against two strains of clostridium perfringens. a calcium dependence study on some of the factors showed that their in vitro antibacterial activity was greatly enhanced by the presence of calcium (50 mg/liter) in the media. resistance build-up was see ... | 1990 | 2380110 |
| effect of sulfatide and gangliosides on phospholipase c and phospholipase a2 activity. a monolayer study. | the effect of sulfatide and gangliosides gm1, gd1a and gt1b on the activity of phospholipase c from clostridium perfringens on dilauroylphosphatidylcholine and of porcine pancreatic phospholipase a2 on dilauroylphosphatidic acid was studied in lipid monolayers containing different proportions of glycolipids under zero-order kinetics at various constant surface pressures. the presence of sulfatide in the monolayer increases the activity of phospholipase c at high surface pressures. gangliosides s ... | 1990 | 2378885 |
| effect of the feeding practices on the establishment of bacterial interactions in the intestine of the newborn delivered by cesarean section. | the purpose of this study was to clarify the role of the intestinal anaerobe bacteria colonizing the intestine of the newborn delivered by cesarean section. the intestinal bacterial colonization of 18 newborns delivered by cesarean section was assessed sequentially over the first 14 days of life. emphasis is placed on c. perfringens and upon interaction to other bacteria. correlation was made with the infant feeding mode. microbial studies were realized in anaerobic conditions using columbia blo ... | 1990 | 2366135 |
| clostridial infection of a locally recurrent renal cell carcinoma with sepsis. | an association between clostridial sepsis and malignancy is well established in the literature. although anaerobes are a relatively infrequent cause of renal abscess, there have been recent reports of anaerobic abscesses occurring in renal tumor masses. the present report describes a case of sepsis due to clostridium perfringens infection of a locally recurrent renal cell carcinoma. the infection may have originated either from tumor invasion of the adjacent bowel or by hematogenous seeding of t ... | 1990 | 2364371 |
| clinicobacteriological study of gas gangrene. | out of 1040 cases of road side crush injuries 14 cases (1.3%) who developed gas gangrene clinically were studied bacteriologically. clostridia accounted for 6 (42.86%) cases and non-clostridial anaerobes and aerobes for 4 (28.57%) cases each. clostridium perfringens was found to be the commonest isolate but non-clostridial anaerobes and aerobes also formed a sizable number. it was concluded that for prevention of gas gangrene a proper surgical toilet and antibiotics at the time of injury were ne ... | 1990 | 2362145 |
| photoaffinity labeling of a bacterial sialidase with an aryl azide derivative of sialic acid. | a photoreactive radioiodinatable derivative of 2-deoxy-2,3-didehydro-5-n-acetylneuraminic acid (neuac2en), 5-n-acetyl-9-(4-azidosalicoylamido)-2-deoxy-2,3-didehydroneuram inic acid (asa-neuac2-en) has been synthesized and used to label the active site of clostridium perfringens sialidase. like neuac2en, its aryl azide derivative is a strong competitive inhibitor of sialidase (ki approximately 15 microm). the absorbance spectrum of asa-neuac2en shows a characteristic aryl azide peak, which disapp ... | 1990 | 2358439 |
| fibrosing cholehepatitis in broiler chickens induced by bile duct ligations or inoculation of clostridium perfringens. | the pathogenesis of fibrosing hepatitis causing condemnations in broiler chickens was investigated. three to four week old broilers were inoculated via the hepatoenteric bile duct with saline washed suspensions of clostridium perfringens (10(7) and 10(8) organisms). in another group of broilers, both bile ducts were ligated. the sequential development of liver and gall bladder lesions was studied at intervals ranging from 1-28 days postsurgery. the lesions were similar in both experiments in tha ... | 1990 | 2357667 |
| contraction induced by clostridium perfringens alpha toxin in the isolated rat ileum. | clostridium perfringens alpha toxin caused contraction of the isolated rat ileum in a dose-dependent manner. the contraction caused by the toxin was inhibited by verapamil, nifedipine, cinnarizine, but not by tetrodotoxin or incubation in a low na+ medium. the toxin stimulated ca2+ uptake in the ileum in a dose-dependent manner. nifedipine completely inhibited the ca2+ uptake into the ileum induced by the toxin. furthermore, tmb-8, trifluoperazine, w-7 and h-7 significantly blocked the toxin-ind ... | 1990 | 2349582 |
| phase-transfer-catalyzed synthesis of aryl alpha-ketosides of n-acetylneuraminic acid. a 2-methylfluoran-6-yl glycoside of n-acetylneuraminic acid, 2-methyl-6-(5-acetamido-3,5-dideoxy-alpha-d-glycero-d-galacto- nonulopyranosylonic acid)xanthene-9-spiro-1'-isobenzofuran-3'-one, a new substrate for neuraminidase assay. | glycosidation of n-acetylneuraminic acid by phase-transfer catalysis in chloroform-aqueous alkali gave several known and some new aryl alpha-ketosides in a short reaction time and in good yields. the 4-methylumbelliferyl alpha-ketoside, the standard substrate for neuraminidase, was prepared in a yield of up to 70%. new neu5ac ketosides were prepared with fluorescein and the fluorescein analog, 2-methyl-6-hydroxyfluoran (2-methyl-6-hydroxyxanthene-9-spiro-1'-isobenzofuran-3'-one) as aglycons, the ... | 1990 | 2346942 |
| chinchilla deaths due to clostridium perfringens a enterotoxin. | 1990 | 2339496 | |
| facial gas gangrene after penetrating injury. | 1990 | 2336305 | |
| in vitro activity of chloropolysporin-c, a new glycopeptide-group antibiotic, on clostridium perfringens isolates and its in vivo activity against c perfringens and other intestinal microflora of the caeca of broiler chickens. | the influence of chloropolysporin-c, a new glycopeptide antibiotic, on in vitro activity of clostridium perfringens isolates and its effects on the intestinal microflora of broiler chickens was examined. the in vitro sensitivity of 88 isolates of c perfringens to four antimicrobial agents, including chloropolysporin-c, was tested by an agar dilution method. the antibiotics used all had minimum inhibitory concentration levels of 6.25 micrograms ml-1 or less against this organism. changes were exa ... | 1990 | 2333425 |
| spontaneous, nontraumatic gangrene due to clostridium septicum. | clostridium septicum is a major cause of spontaneous, nontraumatic gas gangrene. unlike clostridium perfringens, c. septicum is relatively aerotolerant and thus appears to be more capable of initiating infection in the absence of obvious damage to tissues. six cases illustrate the clinical setting and fulminant nature of spontaneous gangrene caused by c. septicum. a lesion in the colon such as carcinoma is often present and is presumed to serve as a portal of entry to the bloodstream. diabetes a ... | 1990 | 2330482 |
| in vitro activity of ro 23-9424, a dual-action cephalosporin, compared with activities of other antibiotics. | the in vitro activity of ro 23-9424, which is desacetyl-cefotaxime linked to fleroxacin, was compared with the activities of cefotaxime, desacetyl-cefotaxime, fleroxacin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin. it inhibited the majority of members of the family enterobacteriaceae, except for some serratia marcescens, citrobacter freundii, and enterobacter cloacae strains, at less than or equal to 0.25 microgram/ml and had an mic for 90% of strains tested (mic90) of 8 micrograms/ml against pseudomonas aeru ... | 1990 | 2327765 |
| fatal hypoglycemia associated with clostridium perfringens bacteremia. | 1990 | 2324534 | |
| lysogenic phages of clostridium perfringens: mapping of the chromosomal attachment sites. | the sites of insertion for two lysogenic bacteriophages have been mapped on the chromosome of clostridium perfringens strain cpn50 using two techniques based on pulsed field gel electrophoresis. phage phi 29 was mapped to the 1 mb region of the 3.6 mb genome, near nanh which encodes a potential virulence factor, while phi 59 was found to have inserted at 2.9 mb. | 1990 | 2323543 |
| necrotising pneumonia and empyema due to clostridium perfringens complicating pulmonary embolus. | a fatal case of necrotising pneumonia due to clostridium perfringens developing as a complication of pulmonary infarction is reported. | 1990 | 2321181 |
| influence of neuraminidase on fertility and on sperm storage in the hen's oviduct. | preinsemination incubation of semen with neuraminidase (4 iu/2 x 10(9) spermatozoa) significantly reduced fertility in one out of two trials. no differences were observed in fertility between semen treated with 4 versus 8 or 4 versus 16 iu of neuraminidase in trials 1 or 2. all three levels of neuraminidase (4, 8, or 16 iu) removed the same amount (about 45%) of the bound sialic acids from spermatozoa during incubation. the removal of sialic acid from spermatozoa had a slight but nonsignificant ... | 1990 | 2320523 |
| two outbreaks of clostridium perfringens food poisoning-ontario. | 1990 | 2317881 | |
| testing strains of clostridium perfringens type a isolated from diarrhoeic piglets for the presence of the enterotoxin gene. | a diarrhoeic syndrome in piglets has been linked to clostridium perfringens type a because this organism has been isolated in large numbers from all cases. the strains isolated from these cases and strains isolated from healthy piglets were screened for the enterotoxin gene of c perfringens by dna-hybridisation. using two different synthetic dna-probes, none of the strains isolated from diseased pigs was positive in this reaction, indicating that the enterotoxin of c perfringens is not involved ... | 1990 | 2316148 |
| comparative in vitro bactericidal activity of 24 antimicrobial drugs against clostridium perfringens. | twenty-four antimicrobial drugs were examined for rapidity of onset and magnitude of bactericidal activity against selected strains of clostridium perfringens. ceftriaxone, imipenem, metronidazole, mezlocillin, penicillin g, piperacillin, and teicoplanin reduced colony counts by at least 3 log10 units within 2-4 h after exposure. clindamycin, fluoroquinolones, josamycin, and tetracycline caused delayed kill (greater than or equal to 99.9% reduction of viable counts at 4-22 h after exposure). chl ... | 1990 | 2311441 |
| [rhodococcus equi infection in a goat]. | enterotoxaemia caused by clostridium perfringens was diagnosed in a goat affected with severe enteritis which was found to be present at autopsy. lesions bearing a resemblance to tuberculosis, caused by a rhodococcus equi infection, were observed in the liver and lungs. this bacterium is constantly isolated from pulmonary abscesses in foals affected with pyemia. similar cases of infection in goats were previously reported in the literature. | 1990 | 2305381 |
| synthetic dna probes for detection of enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens strains isolated from outbreaks of food poisoning. | four synthetic oligonucleotides encoding different parts of the clostridium perfringens enterotoxin gene were used to test the enterotoxigenicity of c. perfringens strains isolated from confirmed outbreaks of food poisoning. of the 245 strains isolated from food and feces originating from 186 separate outbreaks, 145 (59%) gave hybridization reactions with each of the four dna probes used, while 104 strains did not hybridize with any of the probes. there was no correlation between serotype and th ... | 1990 | 2298871 |
| in vitro tests for the measurement of clostridial toxins, toxoids and antisera. ii. titration of clostridium perfringens toxins and antitoxins in cell culture. | the usefulness of cytopathic indicators for the titration of cl perfringens beta and epsilon toxins has been investigated. neutralization experiments with monoclonal antibodies have shown that the entities responsible for the lethal and dermonecrotic effects of cl perfringens beta toxin preparations are identical. however, the cytopathic effects of the same preparations are caused by other entities. therefore, titrations based upon lethal and dermonecrotic indicators of beta toxin are equally va ... | 1990 | 2285500 |
| effect of prior treatment with clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin inactivated by various agents on lethal, pressor and contractile activities of the toxin. | lethal and pressor activities, and the contractile responses of rat isolated ileum to clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin, were significantly prevented by the prior administration of epsilon toxin inactivated by 1-ethyl-3-(3-diethyl-aminopropyl) carbodiimide in the presence of glycine methyl ester (edc), 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (tnbs), succinic anhydride (sa) and ethoxyformic anhydride (efa). however, the prior administration of the toxin inactivated by n-acetylimidazole (nai), tet ... | 1990 | 2283041 |
| quality control criteria for testing the susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to meropenem. | reference values for quality control of in vitro susceptibility tests with meropenem against anaerobic bacteria were determined in a multilaboratory study by the approved national committee for clinical laboratory standards agar dilution method for the four quality control strains. the study protocol also included the evaluation of microdilution testing, medium additives, and multiple lots of media. the recommended mic control ranges for three of the control organisms are as follows: bacteroides ... | 1990 | 2280013 |
| use of sediment bags as a monitor of fecal pollution in streams. | 1990 | 2279136 | |
| [fournier's disease: a report of 9 cases]. | nine cases of fournier's gangrene diagnosed between 1982 and 1989 are reported. all were males with a mean age of 76 (47-82 years). seven had a history of alcoholism and one had non insulin-dependent diabetes. six patients also had an anal fistula which may have been the starting point of the infection. the causal agents were two anaerobes (clostridium perfringens and bacteroides fragilis) two gram-negatives (morganella morgagni and pseudomonas aeruginosa) and one, an unidentified gram-positive. ... | 1990 | 2278737 |
| bacteremia due to anaerobic bacteria in newborns. | awareness of the role of anaerobic bacteria in neonatal bacteremia has increased in recent years. the incidence of recovery of anaerobes in neonatal bacteremia varies, according to different studies, between 1.8% and 12.5%. of the 178 cases reported in the literature, 73 were due to bacteroides species (69 were the bacteroides fragilis group), 57 clostridium species (mostly clostridium perfringens), 35 peptostreptococci, 5 propionibacterium acnes, 3 veillonella species, 3 fusobacterium species, ... | 1990 | 2277280 |
| phospholipase activation and arachidonic acid release in intestinal epithelial cells from patients with crohn's disease. | a method for studying the mobilization of free arachidonic acid (aa) in viable isolated human intestinal epithelial cells has been developed and applied to the study of patients with crohn's disease. cells were isolated from morphologically unaffected parts of the distal ileum and incubated with 14c-aa; most of the incorporated 14c-aa was then found in phospholipids (mainly phosphatidylcholine) and in a pool of neutral lipids (mainly triacylglycerols). cells from patients with crohn's disease in ... | 1990 | 2274737 |
| obligately anaerobic bacterial species isolated from foot-rot lesions in goats. | lesions showing clinical signs of foot-rot from 120 goats were cultured on six selective media during october 1987 to november 1988. a total of 582 strictly anaerobic microorganisms belonging to 50 different species was isolated and identified. the anaerobes most frequently isolated belonged to the following genera: bacteroides (80%), peptostreptococcus (63.6%), megasphaera (40%), fusobacterium (29.2%), clostridium (22.5%), propionibacterium (12.5%), eubacterium (11.7%) and leptotrichia (10.8%). ... | 1990 | 2271912 |
| gnotobiotic, athymic mice; a possible system for the study of the role of bacteria in human amoebiasis. | two groups of 12 + 14 gnotobiotic, athymic mice were intracaecally injected with entamoeba histolytica strain hk9 and nih:200, respectively. two groups of 16 and 15 mice were given amoebae together with a pure strain of escherichia coli and a further two groups of 16 and 27 were given amoebae with a pure strain of clostridium perfringens. batches of 3-7 mice from each group were killed at intervals of 1-4 weeks. all the mice given nih:200 alone were found to be infected with trophozoites. of tho ... | 1990 | 2270046 |
| clostridium perfringens enterotoxaemia in two young horses. | 1990 | 2264247 | |
| comparative in vitro activity of the new oral cephalosporin bay v 3522 against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. | the in vitro activity of the new oral cephalosporin bay v 3522 against 229 aerobic and 330 anaerobic clinical isolates was determined using the agar dilution technique. for comparison, amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, cefaclor, cefadroxil, cefuroxime, cephalexin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, co-trimoxazole, doxycycline, erythromycin and metronidazole (only anaerobic bacteria) were tested. bay v 3522 was found to have high activity against staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, en ... | 1990 | 2261923 |
| site-directed alteration of the active-site residues of histidine decarboxylase from clostridium perfringens. | to clarify the mechanism of biogenesis and catalysis by the pyruvoyl-dependent histidine decarboxylase (hisdcase) from clostridium perfringens, 12 mutant genes encoding amino acid substitutions at the active site of this enzyme were constructed and expressed in escherichia coli. the resulting mutant proteins were purified to homogeneity, characterized, and subjected to kinetic analysis. the results (a) exclude all polar amino acid residues in the active site except glu-214 as donor of the proton ... | 1990 | 2261482 |
| clostridium perfringens type c in bloody and watery diarrhea in bangladesh. | a two-week age-matched case-control survey to detect clostridium perfringens type c-associated illness was conducted among diarrheal patients hospitalized following the consumption of high protein meals on the occasion of an annual religious festival. from the stool of 33 patients screened, c. perfringens type c was isolated from one patient with bloody diarrhea and from two patients with watery diarrhea. in bangladesh, c. perfringens type c has been isolated in both bloody and watery diarrhoeal ... | 1990 | 2260208 |
| [anaerobic infection in infants]. | 1990 | 2259153 | |
| soluble and cell-associated haemagglutinins of helicobacter (campylobacter) pylori. | some plate-grown strains of helicobacter (campylobacter) pylori that were harvested into phosphate-buffered saline and left for 1 h released soluble haemagglutinins. these caused high-titre agglutination of human and guinea-pig erythrocytes, whereas chicken, sheep and bovine erythrocytes were agglutinated at various titres. six of 10 strains which had been subcultured repeatedly did not possess soluble haemagglutinins. slide agglutination of bacterial suspensions demarcated the strains into two ... | 1990 | 2258915 |
| alveolysin, the thiol-activated toxin of bacillus alvei, is homologous to listeriolysin o, perfringolysin o, pneumolysin, and streptolysin o and contains a single cysteine. | the gene coding for alveolysin, the thiol-activated toxin produced by bacillus alvei, has been cloned by means of an oligonucleotide based on the known n-terminal sequence of the secreted protein. the complete nucleotide sequence of the gene has been determined. the deduced amino acid sequence of alveolysin shows that alveolysin shares homologies with listeriolysin o, perfringolysin o, pneumolysin, and streptolysin o. alveolysin, like the other members of the family, contains a single cysteine i ... | 1990 | 2254290 |
| effect of isolated c-terminal fragment of theta-toxin (perfringolysin o) on toxin assembly and membrane lysis. | theta-toxin, a thiol-activated cytolysin, binds cholesterol and assembles on plasma membrane during the lytic process. in order to understand the process at the molecular level, two fragments (t1 and t2) were isolated from a nicked toxin obtained by limited proteolysis with trypsin. although neither the t1 nor t2 fragment has hemolytic activity. t2 has almost the same potential as native theta-toxin in its binding affinity for erythrocytes and in its binding specificity for cholesterol. t2, deri ... | 1990 | 2253619 |
| adp-ribosylation of actin isoforms by clostridium botulinum c2 toxin and clostridium perfringens iota toxin. | the substrate specificities of the actin-adp-ribosylating toxins, clostridium botulinum c2 toxin and clostridium perfringens iota toxin were studied by using five different preparations of actin isoforms: alpha-skeletal muscle actin, alpha-cardiac muscle actin, gizzard gamma-smooth muscle actin, spleen beta- and gamma-cytoplasmic actin, and aortic smooth muscle actin containing alpha- and gamma-smooth muscle actin isoforms. c. perfringens iota toxin adp-ribosylated all actin isoforms tested, whe ... | 1990 | 2253618 |
| fatal clostridial pancreatitis following transduodenal biopsy of the pancreas. | 1990 | 2231502 | |
| factors involved in the electroporation-induced transformation of clostridium perfringens. | the following factors were found to improve the efficiency of transformation of clostridium perfringens 3624a rifr strr: (1) a reduction in cuvette sample volume (dna and cell suspension) to 0.8 ml, (2) use of a 1 microgram/ml concentration of transforming dna, (3) use of late-logarithmic phase cells, (4) 3-fold concentration of cell density (3.0 x 10(8) cfu/ml), and (5) a reduction in the ph of the expression and selective plating medium to 6.4. application of the improved conditions resulted i ... | 1990 | 2227358 |
| in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of the new oral cephalosporin bay v 3522. | the activity of the new oral cephalosporin bay v 3522 was compared to that of six other beta-lactam agents. bay v 3522 inhibited methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis at less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml, compared to mics of greater than or equal to 8 micrograms/ml for the other cephalosporins tested. it was more active against streptococcus pyogenes (mic less than or equal to 0.06 microgram/ml) than cefuroxime, cefixime, cephalexin and cefaclor. groups ... | 1990 | 2226499 |
| formation of amphetamine from its nitro analogue by anaerobic intestinal bacteria. | 1. microbial reduction of 1-phenyl-2-nitropropane 1 was carried out using 40 strains of intestinal anaerobic bacteria. among them, 12 strains (mitsuokella multiacidus, clostridium perfringens, c. innocuum, c. clostiriiforme, c. difficile, c. butyricum, c. sp., eubacterium limosum, e. aerofaciens, e. multiforme, peptostreptococcus anaerobius and p. productus) had the ability to reduce 1 to amphetamine 2 (0.1-1% yield). 2. clostridium species were more active than another intestinal anaerobic bact ... | 1990 | 2219956 |
| competitive erythroimmunoassay for detecting clostridium perfringens type a enterotoxin in stool specimens. | a competitive erythroimmunoassay (eria) is described for clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (cpe) detection in stools. this technique uses sheep red blood cells sensitized by cpe and an anti-cpe-antibody-coated plate in which the results are read by eye. eria is simple, rapid, economic and more sensitive (2 ng/ml) than the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay used for evaluation. eria is suitable for cpe detection in stool samples protected with phenylmethylsulphonylfluoride. | 1990 | 2218061 |
| 4-methylumbelliferyl-alpha-glycosides of partially o-acetylated n-acetylneuraminic acids as substrates of bacterial and viral sialidases. | 4-o-acetylated, 7-o-acetylated, and 9-o-acetylated 4-methylumbelliferyl-alpha-n-acetyl-neuraminic acids (neu4,5ac2-mu, neu5,7ac2-mu, neu5,9ac2-mu) were tested as substrates of sialidases of vibrio cholerae and of clostridium perfringens. both sialidases were unable to hydrolyse neu4,5ac2-mu. this compound at 1 mm concentration did not inhibit significantly the cleavage of neu5ac-mu, the best substrate tested. the 4-o-acetylated sialic acid glycoside is hydrolysed slowly by the sialidase from fow ... | 1990 | 2206459 |
| clostridium perfringens toxins involved in food poisoning. | 1990 | 2205267 |