Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| genetic manipulation of bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal crystal protein genes in bacteria. | 1991 | 1367416 | |
| insect resistant cotton plants. | we have expressed truncated forms of the insect control protein genes of bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki hd-1(cryia(b) and hd-73 (cryia(c) in cotton plants at levels that provided effective control of agronomically important lepidopteran insect pests. total protection from insect damage of leaf tissue from these plants was observed in laboratory assays when tested with two lepidopteran insects, an insect relatively sensitive to the b.t.k. insect control protein, trichoplusia ni (cabbage loo ... | 1990 | 1366777 |
| [the acute toxicity of the microbial preparation bulmoscide]. | the acute toxicity of a new bulgarian microbial preparation bulmoscid on the basis of bacillus thuringiensis h-14 in the conditions of oral, dermal, inhalation and intraperitoneal introduction in experimental animals is determined. the assessment of toxicity is made by using toxicometric, integral, hematologic, histologic and microbiologic methods in accordance with bulgarian and international criteria and standards. it is established, that the preparation bulmoscid introduced orally in dose 550 ... | 1992 | 1364532 |
| [an evaluation of the genotoxicity activity of the microbial preparation bulmoscide]. | the genotoxic activity of the microbial preparation bulmoscid "in vivo" for somatic cells of mammals is studied by micronucleus method in marrow of mice. the experiments are performed on inbred mice c57bl6 of both sexes at unrepeated oral introduction of the preparation in two doses: 2200 mg/kg-1 (2.64.10(10) cells kg-1), and 1100 mg/kg-1 (1.32.10(10) cells kg-1) presenting 80% and respectively 40% of the unrepeated maximum tolerable dose of "bulmoscid" for mice (2750 mg/kg-1). the genotoxic ind ... | 1992 | 1364531 |
| sensitivity of mosquito-pathogenic bacterial strains to various antibodies. | four strains of bacillus sphaericus, 1593, 2362, 9001 and 9002, b. thuringiensis h-14 and b. thuringiensis neoleonensis were tested for sensitivity against 18 antibiotics. the results revealed that all the four strains of b. sphaericus are resistant to colistin, nalidixic acid, polymyxin b and streptomycin. however, b. thuringiensis h-14 was resistant to 9 antibiotics, viz. ampicillin, cephalexin, carbenicillin, co-trimoxazole, colistin, cloxacillin, penicillin, nitrofurantoin and polymyxin b wh ... | 1992 | 1363415 |
| t cell maturation stage-linked heterogeneity of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol membrane anchor of thy-1. | we showed that some of thy-1 molecules on murine thymocytes are resistant to phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c (pi-plc) derived from bacillus thuringiensis. both immature thymocytes with low cd3 expression and mature thymic t lymphocytes with high cd3 expression carried the pi-plc-resistant thy-1, and the pi-plc-sensitivity of thy-1 extensively varied among thymocyte subpopulations. in contrast, the same pi-plc fully hydrolysed the anchor of thy-1 on peripheral t lymphocytes. when th ... | 1992 | 1360444 |
| toxicity and residual action of the photoactivated compound, cyano-alpha-terthienyl, and its efficacy for reducing pre-imaginal populations of mosquitoes. | the photoactivated compound, cyano-alpha-terthienyl (cyano-alpha-t), was highly toxic to pre-imagines of the mosquitoes culex restuans, cx. tarsalis and culiseta inornata when synergized with piperonyl butoxide (pbo). lethal concentrations for 50% mortality, determined during an outdoor trial using caged fourth-instar culex spp. larvae, were 19.4, 15.4 and 12.9 g/ha at 24, 48 and 72 h after treatment, respectively. no residual activity of cyano-alpha-t was observed beyond 24 h following treatmen ... | 1992 | 1359007 |
| factors influencing the activity of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis treatments. | environmental factors influence the effectiveness of microbial control agents in mosquito control programs. four of these factors (water temperature, larval density, sunlight and the effect of associated filter feeders) were studied with bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis under laboratory and semifield conditions in europe using different instars of aedes vexans, ae. aegypti and culex pipiens. bioassays conducted at a low temperature (5 degrees c) yielded 10-fold higher lc50 and lc90 values ... | 1992 | 1357088 |
| host range of clostridium bifermentans serovar. malaysia, a mosquitocidal anaerobic bacterium. | clostridium bifermentans serovar. malaysia (c.b.m.) is toxic to mosquito larvae. in this study, we quantified its toxicity to the mosquitoes, aedes aegypti, ae. albopictus, ae. caspius, ae. detritus, anopheles stephensi, an. gambiae, culex pipiens and cx. quinquefasciatus. anopheles larvae are the most susceptible, followed by ae. detritus and ae. caspius, then culex and other aedes larvae. according to mosquito species, the lc50 varies from 7 x 10(3) to 1.3 x 10(6) cells/ml. three concentration ... | 1992 | 1357087 |
| a broad-spectrum cytolytic toxin from bacillus thuringiensis var. kyushuensis. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) var. kyushuensis synthesizes a mosquitocidal crystalline inclusion containing several proteins ranging from 140 to 14 kda. we have identified a 25 kda protein protoxin in this inclusion which is not cytolytic, but when activated proteolytically to 23-22 kda products is cytolytic to mosquito, lepidopteran and mammalian cells, can release entrapped glucose from liposomes and forms cation-selective channels in a planar lipid bilayer. this broad-spectrum cytolytic toxin i ... | 1992 | 1355907 |
| comparison of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis cryiva and cryivb cloned toxins reveals synergism in vivo. | when the gene for the mosquitocidal protein cryiva was expressed in two strains of bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cured of their resident delta-endotoxin genes, the protein accumulated as large inclusions. the inclusions produced in the bt subsp. kurstaki recipient strain were twice as soluble at alkaline ph as the inclusions produced in bt subsp. israelensis. solubilized protoxins were activated by treatment with mosquito gut extracts or trypsin for varying lengths of time and tested for in vitro ... | 1992 | 1355748 |
| [the efficacy of a combined preparation based on bacillus sphaericus and bac. thuringiensis h-14 against the larvae of blood-sucking mosquitoes]. | the optimal bactoculicide/sphaerolarvicide ratio in combination using against aedes aegypti larvae was established in laboratory by selection. the field trials of the selected bs/bt sample containing the ingredients in titer: bactoculicide-83, sphaerolarvicide-17 were conducted in the arid area of central asia. with 1 g/m2, complete mortality of culex, aedes and anopheles larvae was obtained with the residual larvicidal action of 15 days. it is recommended to carry out more large-scale trials of ... | 1992 | 1354836 |
| involvement of a possible chaperonin in the efficient expression of a cloned cryiia delta-endotoxin gene in bacillus thuringiensis. | the bacillus thuringiensis cryiia delta-endotoxin gene is found as the third-gene in a three-gene operon, with a sporulation-dependent promoter lying upstream of the first gene, orf1. we show here that the polypeptide product of the middle gene (orf2) is required for efficient expression of the toxin gene. in the absence of a functional orf2 polypeptide the toxin does not form the crystalline inclusions characteristic of other known bacillus thuringiensis toxins. we discuss the importance of thi ... | 1992 | 1352615 |
| biological control of mosquitoes and other biting flies by bacillus sphaericus and bacillus thuringiensis. | 1992 | 1352283 | |
| the parasporal inclusion of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. shandongiensis: characterization and screening for insecticidal activity. | the parasporal body of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. shandongiensis was characterized in terms of its structure, protein composition, and toxicological properties against several types of insects. the crystals of b. thuringiensis shandongiensis appear to consist of a major protein of 144 kda present in an spherical inclusion, as determined by transmission electron microscopy, titration curve analysis, and sds-page of the solubilized crystals. a second protein of ca. 60 kda is present in trace am ... | 1992 | 1351504 |
| a new serotype of bacillus thuringiensis from colombia toxic to mosquito larvae. | during a survey conducted in colombia a new isolate of bacillus thuringiensis that showed toxicity toward culex quinquefasciatus, cx. pipiens, aedes aegypti, and anopheles stephensi larvae was isolated. parasporal crystals were spherical in shape and showed a great degree of similarity with those produced by the reference strain of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. supernatant fraction of the whole culture was not toxic, and heat-stable exotoxin production was negative. catalase, urease ... | 1992 | 1347310 |
| isolation and partial purification of cytochrome oxidases from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis hd-567. | analyses of the cell membrane fractions by spectral absorbance revealed the presence of cytochrome c and three cytochrome oxidases in bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis hd-567-cytochromes a+a3, d, and o. a modified procedure was used to purify the cytochrome c:o complex from this organism. the oxidase complex was first solubilized from a sonic-disrupted cell membrane fraction (r3 fraction) using deoxycholate and kcl. the resulting soluble fraction was further purified by sephadex g-50 gel ... | 1992 | 1341999 |
| characterization and properties of a novel plasmid vector for bacillus thuringiensis displaying compatibility with host plasmids. | a novel plasmid vector, composed of a 1.7-kb bacillus thuringiensis (b.t.) replicon, a multiple cloning site, and an erythromycin-resistance marker gene from bacillus subtilis, was constructed for use in b.t. unlike other vectors which have been reported to be acceptable for b.t., this new b.t. vector was stably maintained in the absence of er and did not displace host plasmids, some of which carry crystal protein-encoding genes (cry genes). the compatibility of this b.t. vector with native plas ... | 1992 | 1339372 |
| [morphology and delta-endotoxin proteins of bacillus thuringiensis from soils and their toxicities to insects]. | 94 strains of bacillus thuringiensis were isolated from soils in southwest and northwest of china. the morphology of cells, spores and parasporal crystals of these strains was investigated under transmission and scanning electro-microscope. proteins of delta-endotoxins from all strains were analysed by rapid sds-page. 9 species of insects in lepidoptera, coleoptera and diptera were tested for assay of delta-endotoxins. some kinds of parasporal crystals were quite different in form and in composi ... | 1992 | 1338553 |
| structural comparisons between the soluble and the gpi-anchored forms of the paramecium temperature-specific 156g surface antigen. | biosynthetic labelling experiments performed on p primaurelia strain 156, expressing the temperature-specific g surface antigen, 156g sag, demonstrated that the purified 156g sag contained the components characteristic of a gpi-anchor. [3h]ethanolamine, [3h]myo-inositol, [32p]phosphoric acid and [3h]myristic acid could all be incorporated into the surface antigen. myristic acid labelling was lost after treatment in vitro with bacillus thuringiensis phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c ( ... | 1992 | 1335331 |
| tetracycline enhances tn916-mediated conjugal transfer. | pregrowth of the donor on medium containing tetracycline increased conjugative transposition of tn916 and the transposon-dependent mobilization of pc194 19- to 119-fold in matings between bacillus subtilis and bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis. tn916 and pc194 transferred independently under these conditions. when enterococcus faecalis was the donor and b. thuringiensis subsp. israelensis the recipient, pregrowth in tetracycline increased the conjugative transposition frequency by approx ... | 1992 | 1334267 |
| glycolipid-anchored acetylcholinesterases from rabbit lymphocytes and erythrocytes differ in their sensitivity to phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c. | the type of membrane association of acetylcholinesterase (ache, ec 3.1.1.7) was studied in rabbit lymphocytes and erythrocytes. in both cases, the unique ache molecular form was an amphiphilic dimer (referred to as g2a) anchored in the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol. in lymphocytes, g2a ache was directly converted into its hydrophilic g2h counterpart by a treatment with bacillus thuringiensis phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase c (pi-plc, ec 3.1.4.10). in erythrocytes, ache was resist ... | 1992 | 1329966 |
| purification and crystallization of insecticidal delta-endotoxin cryiiib2 from bacillus thuringiensis. | cryiiib2, an insecticidal protein from bacillus thuringiensis has been crystallized from 0.6 m nabr and hepes buffer at ph 7.0 and x-ray diffraction data collected on a native crystal to 2.4 a. the insecticidal protein was obtained from a bacillus thuringiensis (bt) strain eg7231. crystals of the endotoxin are orthorhombic, space group c2221, with unit cell dimensions of a = 122.44, b = 131.81, and c = 105.37 a. a unit cell contains one molecule of the 67,000 da endotoxin per asymmetric unit. | 1992 | 1329083 |
| the delta-endotoxin protein family displays a hydrophobic motif that might be implicated in toxicity. | a computer-based analysis of hydropathy and surface probability of representative members of each class of the cry family of proteins was performed. a highly conserved hydrophobic motif within the previously described block, d2, is present not only in lepidopteran toxin genes but also in toxins active against diptera and coleoptera. an interesting feature of this hydrophobic motif is the presence of an aspartic residue (highly hydrophilic) in its middle part. comparison with the amino acid seque ... | 1992 | 1328811 |
| processing of delta-endotoxin from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki hd-1 and hd-73 by gut juices of various insect larvae. | midgut juices were prepared from adoxophyes sp., smaller tea tortrix (stt); bombyx mori, silkworm (sw); spodoptera litura, common cutworm (ccw); plutella xylostella, diamondback moth (dbm); and musca domestica, housefly (hf) and immobilized onto sepharose 4b. delta-endotoxins (icps) from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki hd-1 and hd-73 were digested by these immobilized gut juice proteases. all gut juices tested derived relatively proteolytic resistant cores from icp. the molecular sizes of ... | 1992 | 1328398 |
| effects of ph on conformational properties related to the toxicity of bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin. | the delta-endotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki is an intracellular crystalline proteinaceous inclusion which, upon ingestion, is toxic to lepidopteran insects. upon dissolution at ph > 9 it yields a protein subunit called protoxin. under appropriate conditions, protoxin is hydrolyzed to a toxin molecule, which is responsible for killing the insect. it is known that this toxic activity decreases considerably above ph 10. in this study, circular dichroism spectroscopy has been u ... | 1992 | 1327158 |
| substrate stereospecificity of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c from bacillus cereus examined using the resolved enantiomers of synthetic myo-inositol 1-(4-nitrophenyl phosphate). | the substrate stereospecificity of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c from bacillus cereus is examined using the resolved optical isomers of synthetic myo-inositol 1-(4-nitrophenyl phosphate), a chromogenic substrate for the phospholipase. the synthetic route employs mild acid-labile protecting groups and separation of the substituted myo-inositol enantiomers as the (-)-camphanyl ester diastereomers. measurements of the initial rates of cleavage of the d and l enantiomers of the nitro ... | 1992 | 1327107 |
| genomic amplification and expression of delta-endotoxin fragment of bacillus thuringiensis. | delta-endotoxin gene of bacillus thuringiensis hd-1 var kurstaki codes for the insecticidal crystal protein (icp) specific for lepidopteran insects. since the n-terminal half of the toxin is sufficient both for insect specificity and toxicity, the coding sequence of this part of the gene cryia(b) was amplified by pcr and cloned in puc19. as there was no expression of immunologically detectable delta-endotoxin in this clone in e. coli, the amplified icp gene was transferred to an expression vecto ... | 1992 | 1326952 |
| is231d, e and f, three new insertion sequences in bacillus thuringiensis: extension of the is231 family. | is231 constitutes a family of insertion sequences widespread among bacillus thuringiensis subspecies. three new is231 variants have been isolated from b. thuringiensis subspecies finitimus (is231 d and e) and israelensis (is231f). like the previously described is231a, b and c, these 1.7 kb elements display single open reading frames encoding 477/478-amino-acid proteins which share between 72% and 88% identity with those of the other members of the family. sequence comparisons also reveal that al ... | 1992 | 1324390 |
| [modification and expression of insecticidal protein structural gene of bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai 7-29]. | the regulative region (181bp) and the fifth toxic active domain (217bp) were removed from the insecticidal protein gene of bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai 7-29. after the synthesis of the adaptor (15bp) that contains initiation codon (atg) and the pcr synthesis of the fifth toxic active domain (229bp) that contains stop codon (taa), were inserted into on 5' truncated and 3' truncated of the coding fod n-terminal peptid's dna fragment, that to become a modified structural gene. the modified s ... | 1992 | 1323897 |
| acetylcholinesterases of the nematode steinernema carpocapsae. characterization of two types of amphiphilic forms differing in their mode of membrane association. | we analyzed the molecular forms of acetylcholinesterase (ache) in the nematode steinernema carpocapsae. two major aches are involved in acetylcholine hydrolysis. the first class of ache is highly sensitive to eserine (ic50 = 0.05 microm). the corresponding molecular forms are: an amphiphilic 14s form converted into a hydrophilic 14.5s form by mild proteolysis and two hydrophilic 12s and 7s forms. reduction of the amphiphilic 14s form with 10 mm dithiothreitol produces hydrophilic 7s and 4s forms ... | 1992 | 1323459 |
| isolation and partial characterization of binding proteins for immobilized delta endotoxin from solubilized brush border membrane vesicles of the silkworm, bombyx mori, and the common cutworm, spodoptera litura. | 1. brush border membrane vesicles (bbmv) were prepared from the bombyx mori, and spodoptera litura, midguts. bbmv was solubilized. 2. activated delta endotoxin from bacillus thuringiensis were immobilized. 3. solubilized bbmv proteins were applied to the toxin column and the proteins bound were analyzed by sds-page. 4. in the case of b. mori m(r) = 220,000, 150,000 and 130,000 and in the case of s. litura 160,000 bands were detected. 5. the bindings were inhibited by n-acetyl galactosamine and m ... | 1992 | 1323444 |
| [site-specific restrictases from bacillus thuringiensis var. kumantoensis]. | the efficiency of bacteriophages cp-54 and cp-55 plating on bacillus thuringiensis var. kumantoensis h18 (kum) is decreased about 10-fold as compared with the efficiency of plating on bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae h5 (gal). bacteriophages having propagated for one cycle in kum cells might be further grown in this strain without growth restriction. two site-specific restriction enzymes isolated from bacillus thuringiensis var. kumantoensis were designated btki and btkii. the endonuclease ... | 1992 | 1320199 |
| characterization of the ph-mediated solubility of bacillus thuringiensis var. san diego native delta-endotoxin crystals. | native crystals of bacillus thuringiensis var. san diego, a coleopteran-specific delta-endotoxin, were metabolically labelled with [35s]methionine. specific activity was 82,000 cpm/micrograms (2.44 ci/mmol). using a universal buffer formulated with the same ionic strength at every ph, we determined that native crystals dissolve above ph 10 and below ph 4. at the acidic ph, the rate of solubilization was substantially slower than at the alkaline ph. recrystallization rates for the toxin were simi ... | 1992 | 1315528 |
| effect of phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c from bacillus thuringiensis on solid spinocellular carcinoma. | phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase c (piplc) from bacillus thuringiensis (0.11 units per ml) inhibited growth of ic-sofia carcinoma cell line in culture by 64%. the growth of transplanted carcinoma in hamsters was also inhibited by 29% at a dose of 4.9 units of piplc/kg animal/day. in addition, degeneration processes and a significant fibrosis of the tumour occurred. the functional, clinical, biochemical and haematological parameters studied were consistent with the established antitumo ... | 1992 | 1313607 |
| sensitivity to plating of escherichia coli cells expressing the crya gene from bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis. | the gene (cyta) coding for the 27 kda polypeptide of the bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis mosquito larvicidal delta-endotoxin, was cloned into a plasmid containing the t7 bacteriophage promoter. the plasmid was used to transform an escherichia coli strain containing the t7 rna polymerase gene 1, under the control of lacp. loss of colony-forming ability without substantial lysis, associated with immediate inhibition of dna synthesis, was observed after induction of transformed cells. the c ... | 1992 | 1313146 |
| the mode of action of bacillus thuringiensis endotoxins. | 1992 | 1311541 | |
| location of a bombyx mori receptor binding region on a bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin. | receptor binding studies were performed with 125i-labeled trypsin-activated insecticidal toxins, cryia(a) and cryia(c), from bacillus thuringiensis on brush-border membrane vesicles (bbmv) prepared from bombyx mori larval midgut. bioassays were performed by gently force feeding b. mori with diluted toxins. cryia(a) toxin (ld50; 0.002 micrograms) was 200 times more active against b. mori larvae than cryia(c) toxin (ld50; 0.421 micrograms) and showed high-affinity saturable binding. the kd and the ... | 1992 | 1310681 |
| localized mutagenesis defines regions of the bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin involved in toxicity and specificity. | bacillus thuringiensis produces a variety of delta-endotoxins which bind to specific receptors in insect larval midguts. following insertion into the membrane there is an alteration of ion flux culminating in osmotic lysis. mutagenic oligonucleotides were used to define regions in one of these toxins involved in specificity and toxicity. one region is highly conserved among all toxins sequenced to date and many mutations resulted in loss of toxicity for three test lepidoptera. the mutant toxins ... | 1992 | 1310313 |
| [comparison of mosquito larvicidal efficacy between microbial encapsulated bti (ebti) and standard bti (sbti)]. | a comparative study was conducted on the efficacy of mosquito larvicides ebti and sbti. the results showed that: 1. the residual efficacy of ebti was remarkably higher than that of sbti at 0.007-0.002ppm bti concentration (p < 0.01), the mosquito larvae mortality of ebti remained 100% until the 4th week; in contrast, the mosquito larva mortality of sbti gradually and obviously declined from the 2nd to 4th week after treatment (x2 = 8.17-24.08), and reached 0 at the 4th week. 2. the lowest bti co ... | 1992 | 1307279 |
| [construction and characterization of shuttle plasmid pbhg1 in bacillus thuringiensis and escherichia coli]. | the recombinant plasmid pbhga was constructed by ligating plasmid phta1030 from b. thuringiensis to plasmid pjh101 from e. coli. the recombinant plasmid pbhga was digested and deleted by various restriction enzymes, generating 14 derived recombinant plasmids differing in molecular weight. the expressible analysis for the plasmid pbhg1 from among the derived plasmids in e. coli hb101 and b. subtilis 168, the results proved the recombinant plasmid pbhg1 is carring promotive region, original region ... | 1992 | 1305826 |
| synthetic cryiiia gene from bacillus thuringiensis improved for high expression in plants. | a 1974 bp synthetic gene was constructed from chemically synthesized oligonucleotides in order to improve transgenic protein expression of the cryiiia gene from bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionis in transgenic tobacco. the crystal toxin genes (cry) from b. thuringiensis are difficult to express in plants even when under the control of efficient plant regulatory sequences. we identified and eliminated five classes of sequence found throughout the cryiiia gene that mimic eukaryotic processing ... | 1992 | 1301214 |
| [an evaluation of the joint action of 2 species of entomopathogenic bacteria on mosquito larvae]. | 1992 | 1299762 | |
| [the expression of 130kda mosquitocidal protein gene of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis in bacillus subtilis]. | two recombinant plasmid pfz1 and pfz2 containing bti 130kda mosquitocidal protein gene in opposite insertion orientation were constructed. the expression of 130kda mosquitocidal protein of bti in bacillus subtilis was confirmed by western blotting. the mosquito-larvicidal activity against the larvae of aedes albopictus was shown by the bioassay. | 1992 | 1299031 |
| [age specificity of the interaction of bacillus cells with a liquid-gas interface]. | the age specificity of the bacilli cells with liquid--gas interface was studied using flow cytofluorometry. this interactions is dependent on the position of the cell in the division cycle and not on the position of the cell in the dna replication cycle. | 1992 | 1297041 |
| expression of a chimeric camv 35s bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal protein gene in transgenic tobacco. | insecticidal transgenic tobacco plants containing a truncated bacillus thuringiensis cryia(b) crystal protein (icp) gene expressed from the camv 35s promoter were analyzed for icp gene expression under field and greenhouse conditions over the course of a growing season. we present new information on temporal and tissue-specific expression of a camv 35s/cryia(b) gene. levels of cryia(b) protein and mrna were compared in both homozygous and hemizygous lines throughout plant development. levels of ... | 1992 | 1285798 |
| susceptibility of simulium (chirostilbia) pertinax kollar, 1832 (diptera, simuliidae) to bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis in an atypical breeding habitat. | 1992 | 1284991 | |
| the effects of agitation, sediment, and competition on the persistence and efficacy of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti). | the persistence and efficacy of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti) were examined in aquatic microcosms under varying conditions of agitation, sediment content, and microbial competition. agitation was found to be the most important factor in maintaining persistence of bti cells and the bioavailability of bti toxin. sediment acted to decrease efficacy by increasing settling of the toxic particles, but did not decrease the persistence of bti cells were found, but efficacy of the bti end ... | 1992 | 1282879 |
| efficacy of a flowable concentrate formulation of bacillus thuringiensis (h-14) against larval mosquitoes in southern iran. | a flowable concentrate formulation of bacillus thuringiensis (h-14) [bactimos fc (1000 itu/mg)] was evaluated for the control of mosquito larvae in simulated ponds and natural breeding sites in kazeroun (fars province), southern iran. a comparison was made with abate emulsifiable concentrate. bactimos fc caused 93-96% anopheline and 97% culicine larval mortality 24 h posttreatment in simulated ponds and natural breeding sites, when used at the rate of 0.2 cc/m2. abate (0.015 cc/m2) resulted in s ... | 1992 | 1279118 |
| [antibacterial effect of various mycotoxins and fungal metabolites against bacillus thuringiensis (berliner) strains sensitive or resistant to aflatoxin b1]. | antimicrobial activity of pure preparations of mycotoxins and fungal metabolites was studied against strains of bacillus thuringiensis (berliner). two resistant strains, called stable-variant, were isolated after treatment with high concentrations of aflatoxin b1. these strains were then resistant also towards compounds with a double furan system (aflatoxins b1, b2, g1, g2, and sterigmatocystin). | 1976 | 1277008 |
| dormant spores of bacillus thuringiensis contain an inhibition of rna polymerase. | 1976 | 1259762 | |
| effects of sesquiterpene lactones on the growth of bacillus thuringiensis. | two sesquiterpene lactones, hymenovin and tenulin, were tested for their effect on growth of two strains of bacillus thuringiensis. growth of both strains was 98% inhibited by 0.6 mg of tenulin per ml, but only 15 to 20% was inhibited by the same level of hymenovin. hymenovin appeared to have a mutagenic effect on b. thuringiensis cultures resulting in production of several variant strains. some of the variant strains had lost their ability to form spores and crystals. hymenovin also induced b. ... | 1976 | 1259409 |
| [toxicity of various strains of bacillus thuringiensis isolated from dead larvae of prays olease bernard]. | 1975 | 1234620 | |
| [the role of spores and crystals of bacillus thuringiensis berliner in the infection of laspeyresia pomonella l. (tortricidae) (author's transl)]. | susceptibility of laspeyresia pomonella to the crystal toxin of bacillus thuringiensis is demonstrated by forced and free ingestion of purified preparations. the effect of spores alone is weak and cannot be expressed by a relationship between dose and mortality. crystals and spores exhibit better activity when they are associated. | 1975 | 1227376 |
| observations on the nature of resistance in spodoptera litura (f.) (noctuidae: lepidoptera) to infection by bacillus thuringiensis berliner. | 1975 | 1218923 | |
| [specific phages used for differentiation of the entomopathogenic bacterium bacillus thuringiensis]. | the sensitivity to specific phages and morphological, physiological, and antigenic properties were compared among several strains of bacillus thuringiensis isolated from insects inhabiting various geographical zones. all 43 cultures assigned to bac. thuringiensis var. sotto and 198 among 170 cultures classed as bac. thuringiensis var. dendrolimus were found to belong to bac. thuringiensis var. dendrolimus. none of these cultures was resistant to its specific phage. the same was true of 22 studie ... | 1975 | 1214610 |
| separation of spores and parasporal crystals of bacillus thuringiensis in gradients of certain x-ray contrasting agents. | spores and parasporal crystals of bacillus thuringiensis can be separated at moderate centrifugation speeds (10,000 to 12,000 rpm) in gradients of renografin or sodium diatrizoate. | 1975 | 1211935 |
| action of bacillus thuringiensis preparation against larch bud moth, zeiraphera diniana (gn.), enhanced by beta-exotoxin and ddt. | addition of either ddt or the supernatant of a centrifuged liquid culture of bacillus thuringiensis, serotype h1, containing beta-exotoxin, enhanced the action of the bacterial preparation thuricide 90 t against larvae of the larch pest zeiraphera diniana, increasing mortality from 53% to more than 80%. since ddt alone produced 57% mortality, its combined action corresponds to independent action. the preparation of beta-exotoxin, on the other hand, had only little effect alone but synergized the ... | 1975 | 1204775 |
| sporeless mutants of bacillus thuringiensis. ii. mutants derived from var. thuringiensis and var. sotto. | three sporeless mutants of bacillus thuringiensis, 2 derived from var. thuringiensis and 1 from var. sotto were selected after mutagenic treatment. they were completely lacking in ability to form spores, yet maintained intact insecticidal activity. | 1975 | 1204774 |
| lipid metabolism during bacterial growth, sporulation, and germination: differential synthesis of individual branched- and normal-chain fatty acids during spore germination and outgrowth of bacillus thuringiensis. | the biosynthesis of individual branched- and normal-chain fatty acids during bacillus thuringiensis spore germination and outgrowth was studied by comparing pulsed and continuous labeling of these fatty acids with [u-14c]acetate. the relative specific activity of each fatty acid varies with time as the cell progresses through outgrowth. however, fatty acid synthesis does occur in two distinct phases. upon germination, acetate is incorporated only into the iso-isomers i-c13, i-c14, and i-c16; no ... | 1975 | 1194236 |
| studies of the infection of the cockroaches (blattella germanica[l.]) with bac. thuringensis. | the results of an experimental infection of the cockroaches blattella germanica (l.) with some trade preparations containing bac. thuringensis spores are presented. biological studies supported by bacteriological and histological examinations of the excised intestines of the above insects have shown that the microorganisms studied are pathogenic for the cockroaches. this effect might be eventually applied as a biological method of eradication of the cockroaches in such environments, where chemic ... | 1975 | 1189795 |
| polyadenylation of rna in vitro in isolated chromatin and nuclei. | poly(a) is added post-transcriptionally to rna transcribed in vitro by endogenous form b dna-dependent rna polymerase bound to the template in isolated nuclei or chromatin. it is also added to processed fragments of the products from alpha-amanitin-resistant rna polymerases a and/or c. the poly(a) segments are of similar size to those found in nuclear rna pulse-labelled in vivo and are added onto the 3' terminus of rna chains (whether pre-existing, completed during the incubation in vitro or cre ... | 1975 | 1183434 |
| gamma-aminobutyric acid pathway and modified tricarboxylic acid cycle activity during growth and sporulation of bacillus thuringiensis. | enzymatic analyses of bacillus thuringiensis extracts suggest that a modified krebs tricarboxylic acid cycle (without alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase) can operate during sporulation in conjunction with the glyoxylic acid cycle and the gamma-aminobutyric acid pathway. | 1975 | 1180554 |
| bacteria as insect pathogens. | 1975 | 1180511 | |
| [pathogenic activity of bacillus thuringiensis on glossina (diptera-muscidae). study on glossina tachinoides in the republic of chad]. | 1975 | 1167198 | |
| [larval development of hymenoptera parasites apanteles glomeratus l. and phanerotoma flavitestacea f. in caterpillars infected by bacillus thuringiensis berliner]. | 1975 | 1163945 | |
| evaluation of beta-exotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis berliner for control of flies in chicken manure. | 1975 | 1159722 | |
| [identification of bacteriophages and study of the properties of phage-resistant mutants of bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae]. | 1975 | 1156618 | |
| safety of bacillus thuringiensis for earthworms. | 1975 | 1151099 | |
| production of molybdenum-coordinating compound by bacillus thuringiensis. | bacillus thuringiensis (atcc 10792) produces a molybdenum reactive compound (given the trivial name chelin) during growth on iron-deficient medium. this compound accumulates in the culture medium in direct relation to the amount of l-arginine added and reaches a maximum concentration 24 to 48 h after the stationary phase of growth. chelin absorbs light in the ultraviolet region with absorption maxima at 315 and 248 nm and minima at 284 and 240 nm. chelin reacts with na2moo4, but not with mo2o4(h ... | 1975 | 1126915 |
| effect of the exotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis on the biosynthesis and maturation of mouse liver nuclear rna. | the effect of the exotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis on the in vivo incorporation of [14-c] orotic acid into mouse liver nuclear rrna and low molecular weight rna was studied. the following results were obtained. 1. the exotoxin does not inhibit the synthesis of 45 s pre-rrna, but causes a breakdown of these molecules. 2. the exotoxin inhibits the conversion of 38 s pre-rrna into 32 s and 21 s. 3. the exotoxin inhibits the labelling of nuclear 5 s rna, whereas the labelling of 4.6 s pre-trna is ... | 1975 | 1125318 |
| enhancement of immune response by the proteinaceous crystal of bacillus thuringiensis var thuringiensis. | 1975 | 1120067 | |
| photoprotection against inactivation of bacillus thuringiensis spores by ultraviolet rays. | 1975 | 1117170 | |
| effect of tree species on the coverage and field persistence of bacillus thuringiensis spores. | 1975 | 1117166 | |
| lipid metabolism during bacterial growth, sporulation, and germination: kinetics of fatty acid and macromolecular synthesis during spore germination and outgrowth of bacillus thuringiensis. | the timing and kinetics of fatty acid synthesis are delineated for bacillus thuringiensis spore germination and outgrowth by analyzing [u-14c]acetate and [2-3h]glycerol incorporation into chloroform-methanol-extractable and trichloroacetic acid-precipitable lipids. in addition to measurement of pulsed and continuous labeling of fatty acids, monitoring the incorporation of radioactive phenylalanine, thymidine, and uridine from the onset of germination through first cell division provides a profil ... | 1975 | 1116987 |
| effect of ultraviolet and gamma rays on the activity of delta-endotoxin protein crystals of bacillus thuringiensis. | 1975 | 1112999 | |
| dependency of spermidine stimulation of polypeptide synthesis on the uracil content of messenger ribonucleic acid. | 1975 | 1106408 | |
| polyamine and magnesium contents and polypeptide synthesis as a function of cell growth. | 1975 | 1096886 | |
| temperature-dependent inhibition of polyphenylalanine formation by the exotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis. | 1975 | 1093882 | |
| methods for assessing field persistence of bacillus thuringiensis spores. | 1975 | 1090681 | |
| [relationship between exoprotease activity, spore and crystal formation and virulence of bacteria of the group bacillus thuringiensis]. | experiments were carried out to investigate the activity, spore and crystal formation and virulence of bacillus thuringiensis. bacteria of this group showed different exoprotease activity. strains of one serotype differed in the level and time of occurrence of peak enzyme activity. exoprotease activity of the bacteria cannot be indicative of their toxicity because it did not correlate with their virulence. exoprotease activity can be used to characterize bacteria during their classification and ... | 1976 | 1026937 |
| [electron microscopic study of intracellular growth of phage specific for bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae]. | ultrathin sections of bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae infected by a specific phage were studied by electron microscopy. stages of the phage reproduction within the cell, from adsorption of phage particles to liberation of the phage from the cell, have been revealed. growth of the phage follows that of dna-containing phages. the yield of the phage is very high. | 1976 | 1004276 |
| evidence for two immune inhibitors from bacillus thuringiensis interfering with the humoral defense system of saturniid pupae. | mutants of bacillus thuringiensis lacking either beta-exotoxin or gamma-endotoxin were compared for their virulence using pupae of a giant silk moth. known doses of viable log-phase bacteria were injected, and the response was followed as the number of viable bacteria in the hemolymph. the results obtained imply that, in the system used, neither the beta-exotoxin nor the gamma-endotoxin and the sporeforming ability are of importance for virulence. results with sterile culture filtrate from b. th ... | 1976 | 992874 |
| antitumor immunity against yoshida ascites sarcoma after treatment with the proteinaceous crystal of bacillus thuringiensis var. thuringiensis. | 1976 | 992771 | |
| the exotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis: a new c-mitotic agent. | thuringiensin a, an exotoxin from bacillus thuringiensis, a constituent of the microbial insectide thuricide has been found to inhibit mitotic spindle, condense and scatter chromosomes. it may therefore be a promizing tool in future cell biological studies. | 1976 | 991999 |
| [analytical investigations of the delta-endotoxin of bacillus thuriginiensis (author's transl)]. | biochemical properties of the crystalline delta-endotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis, such as stability and solubility in different solvents, were investigated. the dissolved compounds were characterized by gel-electrophoresis and gel-filtration. covalent and non-covalent bonds are responsible for the crystallisation of the protein molecules. the solubilisation of crystals with non-enzymatic solvents led to high molecular weight products (mw greater than or equal to 800,000) and to components wi ... | 1976 | 989654 |
| [pathological changes in fleas caused by the action of bacillus thuringiensis exotoxin]. | pathogenic effect of the crystalline exotoxine of bacillus thuringiensis on the larvae of fleas was investigated. deformities and changes in the functions of organs and tissues caused by the exotoxin in larvae and imago developed from the latter result in the premature death of the individuals (to 100%) or in the sterility of the remaining fleas. | 1976 | 986601 |
| commercial formulations of bacillus thuringiensis for control of indian meal moth. | doses of four commercial formulations and one experimental formulation of bacillus thuringiensis berliner were mixed with the diet used to rear colonies of the indian meal moth plodia interpunctella (hübner). indian meal moth eggs were introduced to the treated diet, and the resultant adult emergence was tabulated. the experimental formulations ranked as follows in efficacy in controlling the indian meal moth: dipel (50% lethal concentration [lc50], 25 mg/kg) greater than bactospeine wp (lc50, 1 ... | 1976 | 984828 |
| mode of action of a purified antitumor protein from the proteinaceous crystal of baccillus thuringiensis subsp. thuringiensis on yoshida ascites sarcoma cells. | a purified antitumor protein from the proteinaceous crystal of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. thuringiensis inhibits the growth of yoshida ascites sarcoma both in vivo and in vitro. exogenous respiration of the tumor cells was unaffected by the protein at a concentration as high as 500 mug/ml. the antitumor protein inhibits the uptake and incorporation of labeled precursors into macromolecules. however, the ratio of incorporation over uptake is not affected by the protein. further, the protein br ... | 1976 | 984772 |
| bacillus thuringiensis enzyme-digested delta endotoxin: effect on cultured insect cells. | cells from three insect cell lines responded to the enzyme-digested delta endotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis with swelling, lysis, and vesicle formation. sufficient toxin was taken up in 1 minute to cause half-maximal cell damage. cytoxic activity was neutralized by specific antiserum to the endotoxin. | 1976 | 982053 |
| [ultrastructure of bacteriophages specific for bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae]. | fine structure of the phage specific for bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae was studied. the head of the phage is of the elongated hexagonal shape, 600 x 360 a. the tail is 400 x 40 a large and has a thickening in the basal part (70 x 120 a). a so-called "collar" structure is found at the site where the head joins the tail. this a disc-shaped plate with a diameter of 120 a and a hole in the centre; 12 fillaments are attached to it radially and terminated with tines. it is possible that the st ... | 1976 | 979688 |
| [biological preparation, myasol, for the control of myiasis of sheep]. | 1977 | 929947 | |
| [effect of thermostabile exotoxin on the fertility of the fleas of the daughter generation]. | 1977 | 927383 | |
| evaluation of bacillus thuringiensis as a biocide of blackfly larvae (diptera: simuliidae). | 1977 | 925365 | |
| absence of beta-exotoxin in thuricide preparations. | the biological insecticide thuricide is produced from b. thuringiensis, berliner, var. kurstaki (serotype 3a, 3b), a bacterial strain which does not synthesize exotoxin. thus, our product is devoid of any c-mitotic or mutagenic potentiality such as is to be found in exotoxin. | 1977 | 923744 |
| characterization of an intracellular protease isolated from bacillus thuringiensis sporulating cells and able to modify homologous rna polymerase. | 1977 | 923560 | |
| [polylysogeny in bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae cultures]. | the culture of bacillus thuringiensis var. galleriae was shown to be polylysogenic. as has been found earlier, the culture has a phage with the original structure of particles whose tail possesses a special substructure called a "collar". the phage was described in detail as a phage of bac. thuringiensis 1-97 with a "collar". further studies of the culture of bac. thuringiensis var. galleriae 1-97 has shown that it also contains another phage which differs sharply from the first one in the morph ... | 1977 | 909472 |
| [first results of the antibacterial defense reactions of locusta migratoria larva and imago]. | 1977 | 900783 | |
| [isolation and preliminary characteristics of the extrachromosomal elements of bacillus thuringiensis dna]. | centrifugation of bacillus thuringiensis 351 dna in cscl-ethidium bromide density gradient has revealed, besides the main band of chromosomal dna (p = 1.56 g/cm2), some additional bands with higher density, which usually correspond cicle superhelix dnas, are revealed. 6 discrete bands are observed under electrophoresis of total fraction of minor dna bands, which suggests, that the preparation contains cicle dnas of different size. the treatment with dnase results in the appearance of 3 bands cor ... | 1977 | 892434 |
| [effect of aflatoxin b1 on the enzymatic activities of bacillus thuringiensis (berliner)]. | at 20 degrees c, aflatoxin b1, at a sublethal dose, decreases the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ec 3.1.3.1), alpha-glucosidase (ec 3.2.1.20), esterase (ec 3.1.1.1), chymotrypsin (ec 3.4.21.1), leucine aminopeptidase (ec 3.4.11.1), and phosphoamidase (ec 3.9.1.1) biosynthesis in bacillus thuringiensis (berliner). in contrast, at 41 degrees c no significant decrease was observed. at this temperature, the mycotoxin is not destroyed or metabolized and bacterial cells are resistant to the toxin. | 1977 | 884628 |