Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| evaluation of different plate media for direct cultivation of campylobacter species from live broilers. | accurate identification and optimal culturing procedures for campylobacter spp. from live broilers are needed for epidemiological studies. because there is no standardized protocol, we designed and conducted studies to evaluate different selective media for the culturing and isolation of campylobacter spp. from cecal and fecal samples obtained from battery-reared and commercial broilers. five media selective for campylobacter were evaluated: campylobacter agar base, campylobacter, campy-line, mo ... | 2007 | 17575175 |
| multivariate analysis of complex dna sequence electropherograms for high-throughput quantitative analysis of mixed microbial populations. | high-throughput quantification of genetically coherent units (gcus) is essential for deciphering population dynamics and species interactions within a community of microbes. current techniques for microbial community analyses are, however, not suitable for this kind of high-throughput application. here, we demonstrate the use of multivariate statistical analysis of complex dna sequence electropherograms for the effective and accurate estimation of relative genotype abundance in cell samples from ... | 2007 | 17575003 |
| rna profiling in host-pathogen interactions. | the development of novel anti-bacterial treatment strategies will be aided by an increased understanding of the interactions that take place between bacteria and host cells during infection. global expression profiling using microarray technologies can help to describe and define the mechanisms required by bacterial pathogens to cause disease and the host responses required to defeat bacterial infection. | 2007 | 17574903 |
| expression patterns and role of the cadf protein in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | binding of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli to host fibronectin is mediated by the 37 kda outer membrane protein cadf. immunoblot analysis of 58 c. jejuni and c. coli isolates of human and animal origin showed that cadf is expressed in every strain. in most c. jejuni isolates, a 37 kda band (p37) and a less-prominent 32 kda band (p32) reacted with the antibodies. in c. coli isolates, cadf was consistently larger with sizes of 39 kda (p39) and 34 kda (p34), respectively. pcr analysis a ... | 2007 | 17573935 |
| genetically modified enterotoxigenic escherichia coli vaccines induce mucosal immune responses without inflammation. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) is a major cause of acute diarrhoea in children in the developing world, in travellers and in the military. safe, effective vaccines could reduce morbidity and mortality. as immunity to etec is strain specific, the ability to create vaccines in vitro which express multiple antigens would be desirable. it was hypothesised that three genetically attenuated etec strains, one with a genetic addition, would be immunogenic and safe, and they were evaluated in th ... | 2007 | 17566016 |
| a salmonella typhimurium 197 outbreak linked to the consumption of lambs' liver in sydney, nsw. | we identified an increase in the number of cases of salmonella typhimurium phage type 197 in new south wales in february 2005. cases were predominantly of lebanese descent. to identify risk factors for illness, we conducted an unmatched case-control study including 12 cases and 21 controls. eight of 12 cases (67%) and no controls reported eating lambs' liver (or incalculable, p<0.05), and seven of nine cases (78%) and one of 21 controls (5%) reported eating fresh fish (or 70.0, p<0.05). among pa ... | 2008 | 17565766 |
| a salmonella typhimurium 197 outbreak linked to the consumption of lambs' liver in sydney, nsw. | we identified an increase in the number of cases of salmonella typhimurium phage type 197 in new south wales in february 2005. cases were predominantly of lebanese descent. to identify risk factors for illness, we conducted an unmatched case-control study including 12 cases and 21 controls. eight of 12 cases (67%) and no controls reported eating lambs' liver (or incalculable, p<0.05), and seven of nine cases (78%) and one of 21 controls (5%) reported eating fresh fish (or 70.0, p<0.05). among pa ... | 2008 | 17565766 |
| re-annotation and re-analysis of the campylobacter jejuni nctc11168 genome sequence. | campylobacter jejuni is the leading bacterial cause of human gastroenteritis in the developed world. to improve our understanding of this important human pathogen, the c. jejuni nctc11168 genome was sequenced and published in 2000. the original annotation was a milestone in campylobacter research, but is outdated. we now describe the complete re-annotation and re-analysis of the c. jejuni nctc11168 genome using current database information, novel tools and annotation techniques not used during t ... | 2007 | 17565669 |
| purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase from arabidopsis thaliana. | the deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase gene from arabidopsis thaliana was expressed and the gene product was purified. crystallization was performed by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method at 298 k using 2 m ammonium sulfate as the precipitant. x-ray diffraction data were collected to 2.2 a resolution using cu k alpha radiation. the crystal belongs to the orthorhombic space group p2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 69.90, b = 70.86 a, c = 75.55 a. assuming the presence of ... | 2007 | 17565183 |
| distinct endocytic mechanisms of cd22 (siglec-2) and siglec-f reflect roles in cell signaling and innate immunity. | sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (siglecs) are predominately expressed on immune cells. they are best known as regulators of cell signaling mediated by cytoplasmic tyrosine motifs and are increasingly recognized as receptors for pathogens that bear sialic acid-containing glycans. most siglec proteins undergo endocytosis, an activity tied to their roles in cell signaling and innate immunity. here, we investigate the endocytic pathways of two siglec proteins, cd22 (siglec-2), a regu ... | 2007 | 17562860 |
| lewis rats immunized with gm1 ganglioside do not develop peripheral neuropathy. | elevated levels of anti-gm1 antibodies are associated with motor nerve syndromes. although there is a lot of circumstantial evidence that anti-gm1 antibodies may be causing the disease, their precise role remains unclear. in order to study the role of anti-gm1 antibodies in the pathogenesis of peripheral neuropathy, eight lewis rats were injected with gm1 ganglioside mixed with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (klh) and emulsified with freund's adjuvant and three rats were immunized with gm1 in liposom ... | 2007 | 17559947 |
| characterization of a novel gene for strain typing reveals substructuring of aspergillus fumigatus across north america. | fifty-five epidemiologically linked aspergillus fumigatus isolates obtained from six nosocomial outbreaks of invasive aspergillosis were subtyped by sequencing the polymorphic region of the gene encoding a putative cell surface protein, afu3g08990 (denoted as csp). comparative sequence analysis showed that genetic diversity was generated in the coding region of this gene by both tandem repeats and point mutations. each unique sequence in an outbreak cluster was assigned an arbitrary number or cs ... | 2007 | 17557880 |
| real-time reverse transcription-pcr for transcriptional expression analysis of virulence and housekeeping genes in viable but nonculturable vibrio parahaemolyticus after recovery of culturability. | a real-time reverse transcription-pcr method was developed to determine whether the recovery of culturability of viable but nonculturable (vbnc) vibrio parahaemolyticus induced the expression of virulence genes coding for the thermostable direct hemolysin and for type iii secretion system 2 (ttss2). the culturability of clinical strain vp5 of v. parahaemolyticus in artificial seawater at 4 degrees c was monitored, and the vbnc state was obtained. one day after entry into the vbnc state, temperat ... | 2007 | 17557845 |
| dominant role of the cbb3 oxidase in regulation of photosynthesis gene expression through the prrba system in rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1. | in this study, the h303a mutant form of the cbb(3) oxidase (h303a oxidase), which has the h303a mutation in its catalytic subunit (ccon), was purified from rhodobacter sphaeroides. the h303a oxidase showed the same catalytic activity as did the wild-type form of the oxidase (wt oxidase). the heme contents of the mutant and wt forms of the cbb(3) oxidase were also comparable. however, the puf and puc operons, which are under the control of the prrba two-component system, were shown to be derepres ... | 2007 | 17557830 |
| transcriptional responses of mycoplasma gallisepticum strain r in association with eukaryotic cells. | mycoplasma gallisepticum is an etiologic agent of chronic respiratory disease in chickens and infectious sinusitis in turkeys. other than proteins important for cytadherence, few m. gallisepticum factors or pathways contributing to host cell interactions have been identified. in this study, an oligonucleotide-based microarray was utilized to investigate transcriptional changes in m. gallisepticum strain r(low) upon exposure to eukaryotic cells. fifty-eight genes were either up- or downregulated ... | 2007 | 17557819 |
| human bocavirus, a respiratory and enteric virus. | in spain, human bocavirus (hbov) was detected in 48 (9.1%) of 527 children with gastroenteritis at similar frequency as for children with respiratory illness (40/520, 7.7%). fecal excretion adds new concern about the transmission of hbov. to our knowledge, this report is the first to document hbov in human feces. | 2007 | 17553287 |
| gyra mutations in fluoroquinolone-resistant clostridium difficile pcr-027. | 2007 | 17552115 | |
| h pylori icea alleles are disease-specific virulence factors. | to characterize and compare genotype profiles of h pylori strains isolated from patients with chronic gastritis and duodenal ulcer in western part of turkey. | 2007 | 17552005 |
| pathogen proteins eliciting antibodies do not share epitopes with host proteins: a bioinformatics approach. | the best way to prevent diseases caused by pathogens is by the use of vaccines. the advent of genomics enables genome-wide searches of new vaccine candidates, called reverse vaccinology. the most common strategy to apply reverse vaccinology is by designing subunit recombinant vaccines, which usually generate an humoral immune response due to b-cell epitopes in proteins. a major problem for this strategy is the identification of protective immunogenic proteins from the surfome of the pathogen. ep ... | 2007 | 17551592 |
| disease burden due to enterotoxigenic escherichia coli in the first 2 years of life in an urban community in bangladesh. | a cohort of 321 children was followed from birth up to 2 years of age to determine the incidence of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) in bangladesh. the average number of diarrheal days and incidence rates were 6.6 and 2.3/child/year, respectively. etec was the most common pathogen and was isolated in 19.5% cases, with an incidence of 0.5 episode/child/year. the prevalence of rotavirus diarrhea was lower (10%). etec expressing the heat-stable enterotoxin (st) was predominant. strains isola ... | 2007 | 17548483 |
| the arca regulon and oxidative stress resistance in haemophilus influenzae. | haemophilus influenzae transits between niches within the human host that are predicted to differ in oxygen levels. the arcab two-component signal transduction system controls gene expression in response to respiratory conditions of growth and has been implicated in bacterial pathogenesis, yet the mechanism is not understood. we undertook a genome-scale study to identify genes of the h. influenzae arca regulon. deletion of arca resulted in increased anaerobic expression of genes of the respirato ... | 2007 | 17542927 |
| prevalence of campylobacter spp isolated from grower-finisher pigs in ontario. | this study aimed to establish the prevalence of campylobacter spp. in 80 ontario grower-finisher pig herds. ninety-nine percent of the isolates yielded campylobacter, c coli being the most common species detected. control of this microorganism must rely on careful food processing and storage of pork, rather than on an on-farm approach. | 2007 | 17542372 |
| crystal structure of the ferritin from the hyperthermophilic archaeal anaerobe pyrococcus furiosus. | the crystal structure of the ferritin from the archaeon, hyperthermophile and anaerobe pyrococcus furiosus (pfftn) is presented. while many ferritin structures from bacteria to mammals have been reported, until now only one was available from archaea, the ferritin from archaeoglobus fulgidus (afftn). the pfftn 24-mer exhibits the 432 point-group symmetry that is characteristic of most ferritins, which suggests that the 23 symmetry found in the previously reported afftn is not a common feature of ... | 2007 | 17541801 |
| optimization of 6-carboxy-x-rhodamine concentration for real-time polymerase chain reaction using molecular beacon chemistry. | the optimal 6-carboxy-x-rhodamine (rox) concentration, which is used as a passive reference dye for real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with molecular beacon chemistry, was determined with the mx4000 multiplex quantitative pcr system. additionally, the effects of changing rox concentrations on pcr reproducibility, ct values, and efficiency were investigated with this system by using the pcr data obtained from amplification of the escherichia coli shiga toxin 2 (stx2) gene and ... | 2007 | 17538648 |
| media for the aerobic resuscitation of campylobacter jejuni. | the microaerophilic nature of campylobacter jejuni has complicated its recovery from human and animal sources. in this study, enhancement of the growth and aerotolerance of c. jejuni atcc 35921 in nutrient broth no. 2 (nb2) was investigated. the efficiency of recovery of c. jejuni in nb2 containing fbp (0.025% [each] ferrous sulfate, sodium metabisulfite, and sodium pyruvate), 5% laked horse blood, hemin, oxyrase, or activated charcoal in an aerobic atmosphere was compared with that obtained und ... | 2007 | 17536667 |
| common genomic features of campylobacter jejuni subsp. doylei strains distinguish them from c. jejuni subsp. jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni has been divided into two subspecies: c. jejuni subsp. jejuni (cjj) and c. jejuni subsp. doylei (cjd). nearly all of the c. jejuni strains isolated are cjj; nevertheless, although cjd strains are isolated infrequently, they differ from cjj in two key aspects: they are obtained primarily from human clinical samples and are associated often with bacteremia, in addition to gastroenteritis. in this study, we utilized multilocus sequence typing (mlst) and a dna microarray-based c ... | 2007 | 17535437 |
| bacteriophage therapy to reduce salmonella colonization of broiler chickens. | acute enteric infections caused by salmonellas remain a major public health burden worldwide. poultry, particularly chickens, are known to be the main reservoir for this zoonotic pathogen. although some progress has been made in reducing salmonella colonization of broiler chickens by using biosecurity and antimicrobials, it still remains a considerable problem. the use of host-specific bacteriophages as a biocontrol is one possible intervention by which salmonella colonization could be reduced. ... | 2007 | 17526794 |
| the crisprdb database and tools to display crisprs and to generate dictionaries of spacers and repeats. | in archeae and bacteria, the repeated elements called crisprs for "clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats" are believed to participate in the defence against viruses. short sequences called spacers are stored in-between repeated elements. in the current model, motifs comprising spacers and repeats may target an invading dna and lead to its degradation through a proposed mechanism similar to rna interference. analysis of intra-species polymorphism shows that new motifs (one spa ... | 2007 | 17521438 |
| infection-induced antibodies against the major outer membrane protein of campylobacter jejuni mainly recognize conformational epitopes. | the major outer membrane protein (momp) of campylobacter jejuni is an abundant surface protein with a pore-forming function and may be a potential candidate for vaccine development. despite the fact that momp is immunogenic and the recombinant momp (rmomp) can be readily produced in escherichia coli, the nature of the antibody response to momp during in vivo infection is not well understood. in this study, various methods involving detergent replacement and liposome reconstitution were used to r ... | 2007 | 17521366 |
| development of species-specific primers for detection of streptococcus mutans in mixed bacterial samples. | streptococcus mutans is the major microbial pathogen associated with dental caries in children. the objectives of this study were to design and evaluate species-specific primers for the identification of s. mutans. validation of the best primer set, sm479f/r, was performed using seven s. mutans reference strains, 48 atcc non-s. mutans strains, 92 s. mutans clinical isolates, dna samples of s. mutans-streptococcus sobrinus or s. mutans-streptococcus sanguinis, and mixed bacterial dna of saliva sa ... | 2007 | 17521362 |
| a major role for intestinal epithelial nucleotide oligomerization domain 1 (nod1) in eliciting host bactericidal immune responses to campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is the foremost cause of bacterial-induced diarrhoeal disease worldwide. although it is well established that c. jejuni infection of intestinal epithelia triggers host innate immune responses, the mechanism(s) involved remain poorly defined. innate immunity can be initiated by families of structurally related pattern-recognition receptors (prrs) that recognize specific microbial signature motifs. here, we demonstrated maximal induction of epithelial innate responses during i ... | 2007 | 17521327 |
| role of the small rho gtpases rac1 and cdc42 in host cell invasion of campylobacter jejuni. | host cell invasion of the food-borne pathogen campylobacter jejuni is one of the primary reasons of tissue damage in humans but molecular mechanisms are widely unclear. here, we show that c. jejuni triggers membrane ruffling in the eukaryotic cell followed by invasion in a very specific manner first with its tip followed by the flagellar end. to pinpoint important signalling events involved in the c. jejuni invasion process, we examined the role of small rho family gtpases. using specific gtpase ... | 2007 | 17521326 |
| what do we feed to food-production animals? a review of animal feed ingredients and their potential impacts on human health. | animal feeding practices in the united states have changed considerably over the past century. as large-scale, concentrated production methods have become the predominant model for animal husbandry, animal feeds have been modified to include ingredients ranging from rendered animals and animal waste to antibiotics and organoarsenicals. in this article we review current u.s. animal feeding practices and etiologic agents that have been detected in animal feed. evidence that current feeding practic ... | 2007 | 17520050 |
| genome sequence of a proteolytic (group i) clostridium botulinum strain hall a and comparative analysis of the clostridial genomes. | clostridium botulinum is a heterogeneous gram-positive species that comprises four genetically and physiologically distinct groups of bacteria that share the ability to produce botulinum neurotoxin, the most poisonous toxin known to man, and the causative agent of botulism, a severe disease of humans and animals. we report here the complete genome sequence of a representative of group i (proteolytic) c. botulinum (strain hall a, atcc 3502). the genome consists of a chromosome (3,886,916 bp) and ... | 2007 | 17519437 |
| structural analysis of the alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase cst-i from campylobacter jejuni in apo and substrate-analogue bound forms. | sialic acid is an essential sugar in biology that plays key roles in numerous cellular processes and interactions. the biosynthesis of sialylated glycoconjugates is catalyzed by five distinct families of sialyltransferases. in the last 25 years, there has been much research on the enzymes themselves, their genes, and their reaction products, but we still do not know the precise molecular mechanism of action for this class of glycosyltransferase. we previously reported the first detailed structur ... | 2007 | 17518445 |
| pasteurella multocida expresses two lipopolysaccharide glycoforms simultaneously, but only a single form is required for virulence: identification of two acceptor-specific heptosyl i transferases. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) is a critical virulence determinant in pasteurella multocida and a major antigen responsible for host protective immunity. in other mucosal pathogens, variation in lps or lipooligosaccharide structure typically occurs in the outer core oligosaccharide regions due to phase variation. p. multocida elaborates a conserved oligosaccharide extension attached to two different, simultaneously expressed inner core structures, one containing a single phosphorylated 3-deoxy-d-manno ... | 2007 | 17517879 |
| helicobacter pylori chemotaxis modulates inflammation and bacterium-gastric epithelium interactions in infected mice. | the ulcer-causing pathogen helicobacter pylori uses directed motility, or chemotaxis, to both colonize the stomach and promote disease development. previous work showed that mutants lacking the tlpb chemoreceptor, one of the receptors predicted to drive chemotaxis, led to less inflammation in the gerbil stomach than did the wild type. here we expanded these findings and examined the effects on inflammation of completely nonchemotactic mutants and mutants lacking each chemoreceptor. of note, all ... | 2007 | 17517875 |
| heterogeneity of a campylobacter jejuni protein that is secreted through the flagellar filament. | cj0859c, or fspa, is a small, acidic protein of campylobacter jejuni that is expressed by a sigma(28) promoter. analysis of the fspa gene in 41 isolates of c. jejuni revealed two overall variants of the predicted protein, fspa1 and fspa2. secretion of fspa occurs in broth-grown bacteria and requires a minimum flagellar structure. the addition of recombinant fspa2, but not fspa1, to int407 cells in vitro resulted in a rapid induction of apoptosis. these data define a novel c. jejuni virulence fac ... | 2007 | 17517862 |
| uropathogenic escherichia coli outer membrane antigens expressed during urinary tract infection. | uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uti) caused by uropathogenic escherichia coli (upec) represents a prevalent and potentially severe infectious disease. in this study, we describe the application of an immunoproteomics approach to vaccine development that has been used successfully to identify vaccine targets in other pathogenic bacteria. outer membranes were isolated from pyelonephritis strain e. coli cft073 cultured under conditions that mimic the urinary tract environment, including iron ... | 2007 | 17517861 |
| systematic derivation of marker sets for staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec typing. | the aim of this study was to identify optimized sets of genotyping targets for the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (sccmec). we analyzed the gene contents of 46 sccmec variants in order to identify minimal subsets of targets that provide useful resolution. this was achieved by firstly identifying and characterizing each available sccmec element based on the presence or absence of 34 binary targets. this information was used as input for the software "minimum snps," which identifies the mi ... | 2007 | 17517844 |
| physiological and molecular responses of lactuca sativa to colonization by salmonella enterica serovar dublin. | this paper describes the physiological and molecular interactions between the human-pathogenic organism salmonella enterica serovar dublin and the commercially available mini roman lettuce cv. tamburo. the association of s. enterica serovar dublin with lettuce plants was first determined, which indicated the presence of significant populations outside and inside the plants. the latter was evidenced from significant residual concentrations after highly efficient surface disinfection (99.81%) and ... | 2007 | 17513585 |
| development of experimental genetic tools for campylobacter fetus. | molecular analysis of the virulence mechanisms of the emerging pathogen campylobacter fetus has been hampered by the lack of genetic tools. we report the development and functional analysis of escherichia coli-campylobacter shuttle vectors that are appropriate for c. fetus. some vectors were constructed based on the known campylobacter coli plasmid pip1455 replicon, which confers a wide host range in campylobacter spp. versatility in directing gene expression was achieved by introducing a strong ... | 2007 | 17513579 |
| bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis related to campylobacter jejuni gastroenteritis. | 2007 | 17513512 | |
| environmental stress factors affecting survival and virulence of campylobacter jejuni. | enteric pathogens are constantly exposed to stressful conditions in their natural habitat in the host and even more in the extra-host environment, including food processing. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of selected environmental stress factors: temperature shift, starvation and atmospheric oxygen concentration on culturability/viability of two campylobacter jejuni isolates. additionally, after stress exposure, in an in vitro cell culture model using caco-2 cells, the adhesion ... | 2007 | 17512161 |
| etiologic agents of diarrhea in solid organ recipients. | after transplantation, diarrhea may be caused by infectious agents, drug-specific effects, metabolic conditions, or mechanical complications of surgery. determining the cause helps to determine whether to initiate antimicrobial therapy and the duration of treatment. in this study we aimed to determine the causes of diarrhea in kidney or liver recipients. fifty-two diarrhea episodes among 43 solid organ recipients were evaluated. the cause of diarrhea was detected in 43 patients (82.6%). infectio ... | 2007 | 17511817 |
| role of the plasmid-encoded tet(o) gene in tetracycline-resistant clinical isolates of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | the prevalence of tetracycline resistance, tetracycline mics and tet(o) gene localization were investigated in 83 campylobacter isolates from patients suffering from acute gastroenteritis in germany. combined biochemical and molecular markers identified 74 isolates (89 %) as campylobacter jejuni, including seven atypical isolates that failed to hydrolyse hippurate, and nine isolates (11 %) as campylobacter coli. tetracycline resistance was detected in six out of nine campylobacter coli isolates ... | 2007 | 17510271 |
| comparison of virulence-associated in vitro properties of typed strains of campylobacter jejuni from different sources. | campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of human diarrhoeal disease, but specific virulence mechanisms have not been well defined. this blinded study was undertaken with 40 c. jejuni isolates from different sources to determine their haemolytic, cytotoxic and adhesion and invasion activities towards mammalian cells. the results were correlated with source of isolation and genetic makeup by amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) typing. the isolates had variable degrees of haemolytic activit ... | 2007 | 17510255 |
| phase variation and microevolution at homopolymeric tracts in bordetella pertussis. | bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough, is a highly clonal pathogen of the respiratory tract. its lack of genetic diversity, relative to many bacterial pathogens, could limit its ability to adapt to a hostile and changing host environment. this limitation might be overcome by phase variation, as observed for other mucosal pathogens. one of the most common mechanisms of phase variation is reversible expansion or contraction of homopolymeric tracts (hpts). | 2007 | 17509142 |
| pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of campylobacter jejuni genes involved in lipooligosaccharide biosynthesis identifies putative molecular markers for guillain-barré syndrome. | molecular mimicry of campylobacter jejuni lipooligosaccharides (los) by gangliosides in peripheral nerve tissue probably triggers the guillain-barré syndrome due to the induction of cross-reactive antibodies. pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of c. jejuni genes involved in the biosynthesis of los demonstrated that specific genes were associated with the expression of ganglioside mimics and the development of neuropathy. | 2007 | 17507514 |
| phylogenetic relationships of campylobacter jejuni based on pora sequences. | campylobacter porins are the dominant major outer membrane protein (momp) of these bacteria. they are composed of hypervariable, surface-exposed, peptide loops and membrane-embedded, conserved peptide regions. porins are functionally important and may also be useful for molecular subtyping methods but have not yet been well characterized. we therefore sequenced the pora gene from 39 campylobacter isolates, including multilocus sequence type (mlst) reference strains, isolates from patients with t ... | 2007 | 17496947 |
| subtherapeutic tylosin phosphate in broiler feed affects campylobacter on carcasses during processing. | tylosin phosphate is an antimicrobial drug approved for use in broiler feed at subtherapeutic levels for growth promotion. erythromycin is often the drug of choice for treating humans with campylobacteriosis. both tylosin and erythromycin are classified as macrolide drugs and cross-resistance between these antimicrobials occurs. commercial broiler chicks were placed in isolation grow-out chambers and colonized with campylobacter jejuni. from 14 d of age through grow-out, broilers were fed ad lib ... | 2007 | 17495097 |
| campylobacter in finnish organic laying hens in autumn 2003 and spring 2004. | a total of 642 fecal samples and 360 table eggs from finnish organic laying hens were collected in autumn 2003 (19 farms) and spring 2004 (17 farms) and studied for the presence of campylobacter. in autumn, 84% of the farms were positive for campylobacter and in spring, 76%. the percentage of positive samples within a flock varied between 5 and 100%. in addition, campylobacter was isolated in a single eggshell sample. campylobacter jejuni was the species isolated most often, although campylobact ... | 2007 | 17495096 |
| [a case of multiple cranial neuropathy after campylobacter jejuni infection]. | we report a patient who developed overlapping symptoms of ophthalmoplegia and oropharyngeal palsy after campylobacter jejuni infection. a 15-year-old man had diarrhea and fever, and developed dysarthria, diplopia and ptosis two weeks later. he did not show ataxia, weakness or abnormal tendon reflexes in the extremities during the clinical course. in the acute phase of the disease, we found significant elevation of anti-gqlb and anti-gtla igg antibodies in the serum, and high-dose intravenous imm ... | 2007 | 17491339 |
| [pathogenesis of axonal guillain-barré syndrome]. | we identified igg antibody to gm1 ganglioside in patients with axonal guillain-barré syndrome subsequent to campylobacter jejuni enteritis, and that there is molecular mimicry between gm 1 and the bacterial lipooligosaccharide. on sensitization with gm1 as well as c. jejuni lipo-oligosaccharide, rabbits developed anti-gm1 igg antibody and flaccid limb weakness. paralyzed rabbits had pathological changes in their peripheral nerves identical to those present in axonal guillain-barré syndrome. thes ... | 2007 | 17491330 |
| guidelines on the irritable bowel syndrome: mechanisms and practical management. | ibs affects 5-11% of the population of most countries. prevalence peaks in the third and fourth decades, with a female predominance. | 2007 | 17488783 |
| the importance of militaries from developing countries in global infectious disease surveillance. | military forces from developing countries have become increasingly important as facilitators of their government's foreign policy, taking part in peacekeeping operations, military exercises and humanitarian relief missions. deployment of these forces presents both challenges and opportunities for infectious disease surveillance and control. troop movements may cause or extend epidemics by introducing novel agents to susceptible populations. conversely, military units with disease surveillance an ... | 2007 | 17486207 |
| campylobacter jejuni cst-ii polymorphisms and association with development of guillain-barré syndrome. | 2007 | 17485654 | |
| survey of campylobacter, salmonella and mycoplasmas in house crows (corvus splendens) in malaysia. | house crows (corvus splendens) in selangor, malaysia were examined for the presence of campylobacter species, salmonella species, mycoplasma gallisepticum and mycoplasma synoviae by serology, culture and pcr. for the detection of campylobacter and salmonella species swabs were taken either from the intestine or cloaca. for the detection of mycoplasmas, swabs were taken either from the choanal cleft or trachea for culture and pcr and serum samples were tested by the rapid serum agglutination (rsa ... | 2007 | 17483380 |
| possible origins of ctnbst, a conjugative transposon found recently in a human colonic bacteroides strain. | a previous survey of bacteroides isolates suggested that the ermb gene entered bacteroides spp. recently. previously, ermb had been found almost exclusively in gram-positive bacteria. in one bacteroides strain, ermb was located on 100-kb conjugative transposon (ctn) ctnbst. to assess the possible origin of this ctn, we obtained the full dna sequence of ctnbst and used this information to investigate its possible origins. over one-half of ctnbst had high sequence identity to a putative ctn found ... | 2007 | 17483268 |
| optimising the viability during storage of freeze-dried cell preparations of campylobacter jejuni. | freeze-dried cultures of campylobacter jejuni are used in the food and microbiological industry for reference materials and culture collections. however, c. jejuni is very susceptible to damage during freeze-drying and subsequent storage and it would be useful to have longer-lasting cultures. the survival of c. jejuni during freeze-drying and subsequent storage was investigated with the aim of optimising survival. c. jejuni was freeze-dried using cultures of different age (24-120 h), various lyo ... | 2007 | 17482158 |
| host-associated genetic import in campylobacter jejuni. | host association of campylobacter jejuni was analyzed by using multilocus sequence typing data for 713 isolates from chickens and bovids (cattle and sheep). commonly used summary measures of genotypes (sequence type and clonal complex) showed poor accuracy, but a method using the full allelic profile showed 80% accuracy in distinguishing isolates from these 2 host groups. we explored the biologic basis of more accurate results with allelic profiles. strains isolated from specific hosts have impo ... | 2007 | 17479890 |
| campylobacter antimicrobial drug resistance among humans, broiler chickens, and pigs, france. | we describe isolates from human campylobacter infection in the french population and the isolates' antimicrobial drug resistance patterns since 1986 and compare the trends with those of isolates from broiler chickens and pigs from 1999 through 2004. among 5,685 human campylobacter isolates, 76.2% were c. jejuni, 17.2% c. coli, and 5.0% c. fetus. resistance to nalidixic acid increased from 8.2% in 1990 to 26.3% in 2004 (p < 10(-3)), and resistance to ampicillin was high over time. nalidixic acid ... | 2007 | 17479889 |
| microbiological safety of retail vacuum-packed and modified-atmosphere-packed cooked meats at end of shelf life. | a study of retail modified-atmosphere-packed and vacuum-packed cooked ready-to-eat meats was undertaken from september through mid-november 2003 to determine the microbiological quality at the end of shelf life and to establish any risk factors in the production, storage, and display of this product. examination of 2,981 samples using microbiological guidelines criteria revealed that 66% were of satisfactory or acceptable microbiology quality, 33% were of unsatisfactory quality mainly due to hig ... | 2007 | 17477265 |
| potential competitive exclusion bacteria from poultry inhibitory to campylobacter jejuni and salmonella. | the objective of this study was to isolate from chickens potential competitive exclusion bacteria (ce) that are inhibitory to campylobacter jejuni or salmonella, or to both, for subsequent development of a defined ce product for use in poultry. adult chickens from family farms, commercial farms, and broiler chicken research centers were sampled to identify and select c. jejuni-free donor chickens. a challenge treatment, which included administering perorally 106 cfu c. jejuni per chicken and det ... | 2007 | 17477254 |
| campylobacter jejuni colonization and transmission in broiler chickens: a modelling perspective. | campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common causes of acute enteritis in the developed world. the consumption of contaminated poultry, where c. jejuni is believed to be a commensal organism, is a major risk factor. however, the dynamics of this colonization process in commercially reared chickens is still poorly understood. quantification of these dynamics of infection at an individual level is vital to understand transmission within populations and formulate new control strategies. there are ... | 2007 | 17472905 |
| detection of helicobacter pylori and chlamydia pneumoniae genes in primary orbital lymphoma. | primary orbital non-hodgkin's lymphoma is a mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (malt)-type extranodal marginal zone lymphoma. chronic antigen stimulation is implicated as a causative agent in the development of some mature b-cell proliferations; for example, there are associations involving helicobacter pylori with gastric or conjunctival malt lymphoma and chlamydia psittaci with ocular adnexal lymphoma. we examined the molecular signatures of h pylori and chlamydia in eight orbital lymphomas. | 2006 | 17471326 |
| use of suppression subtractive hybridisation to extend our knowledge of genome diversity in campylobacter jejuni. | previous studies have sought to identify a link between the distribution of variable genes amongst isolates of campylobacter jejuni and particular host preferences. the genomic sequence data available currently was obtained using only isolates from human or chicken hosts. in order to identify variable genes present in isolates from alternative host species, five subtractions between c. jejuni isolates from different sources (rabbit, cattle, wild bird) were carried out, designed to assess genomic ... | 2007 | 17470265 |
| flavodoxin:quinone reductase (fqrb): a redox partner of pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase that reversibly couples pyruvate oxidation to nadph production in helicobacter pylori and campylobacter jejuni. | pyruvate-dependent reduction of nadp has been demonstrated in cell extracts of the human gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori. however, nadp is not a substrate of purified pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (pfor), suggesting that other redox active enzymes mediate this reaction. here we show that fqrb (hp1164), which is essential and highly conserved among the epsilonproteobacteria, exhibits nadph oxidoreductase activity. fqrb was purified by nickel interaction chromatography following overexpr ... | 2007 | 17468253 |
| intestinal m cells: the fallible sentinels? | the gastrointestinal tract represents the largest mucosal membrane surface in the human body. the immune system in the gut is the first line of host defense against mucosal microbial pathogens and it plays a crucial role in maintaining mucosal homeostasis. membranous or microfold cells, commonly referred to as microfold cells, are specialized epithelial cells of the gut-associated lymphoid tissues (galt) and they play a sentinel role for the intestinal immune system by delivering luminal antigen ... | 2007 | 17461437 |
| structural context for protein n-glycosylation in bacteria: the structure of peb3, an adhesin from campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is unusual among bacteria in possessing a eukaryotic-like system for n-linked protein glycosylation at asn residues in sequons of the type asp/glu-xaa-asn-xaa-ser/thr. however, little is known about the structural context of the glycosylated sequons, limiting the design of novel recombinant glycoproteins. to obtain more information on sequon structure, we have determined the crystal structure of the peb3 (cj0289c) dimer. peb3 has the class ii periplasmic-binding protein fold ... | 2007 | 17456748 |
| molecular architecture of desv from streptomyces venezuelae: a plp-dependent transaminase involved in the biosynthesis of the unusual sugar desosamine. | desosamine is a 3-(dimethylamino)-3,4,6-trideoxyhexose found in certain macrolide antibiotics such as the commonly prescribed erythromycin. six enzymes are required for its biosynthesis in streptomyces venezuelae. the focus of this article is desv, which catalyzes the plp-dependent replacement of a 3-keto group with an amino functionality in the fifth step of the pathway. for this study the three-dimensional structures of both the internal aldimine and the ketimine intermediate with glutamate we ... | 2007 | 17456741 |
| the flik protein and flagellar hook-length control. | the bacterial flagellum is a highly complex prokaryotic organelle. it is the motor that drives bacterial motility, and despite the large amount of energy required to make and operate flagella, motile organisms have a strong adaptive advantage. flagellar biogenesis is both complex and highly coordinated and it typically involves at least three two-component systems. part of the flagellum is a type iii secretion system, and it is via this structure that flagellar components are exported. the assem ... | 2007 | 17456739 |
| desensitization of feedback inhibition of the saccharomyces cerevisiae gamma-glutamyl kinase enhances proline accumulation and freezing tolerance. | in response to osmotic stress, proline is accumulated in many bacterial and plant cells as an osmoprotectant. the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae induces trehalose or glycerol synthesis but does not increase intracellular proline levels during various stresses. using a proline-accumulating mutant, we previously found that proline protects yeast cells from damage by freezing, oxidative, or ethanol stress. this mutant was recently shown to carry an allele of pro1 which encodes the asp154asn mutant ... | 2007 | 17449694 |
| molecular characterization and subcellular localization of macrophage infectivity potentiator, a chlamydia trachomatis lipoprotein. | macrophage infectivity potentiator (mip) was originally reported to be a chlamydial lipoprotein from experiments showing incorporation of radiolabeled palmitic acid into native and recombinant mip; inhibition of posttranslational processing of recombinant mip by globomycin, known to inhibit signal peptidase ii; and solubility of native mip in triton x-114. however, the detailed structural characterization of the lipid moiety on mip has never been fully elucidated. in this study, bioinformatics a ... | 2007 | 17449608 |
| insufficient differentiation of live and dead campylobacter jejuni and listeria monocytogenes cells by ethidium monoazide (ema) compromises ema/real-time pcr. | recently, ethidium monoazide (ema) has been proposed as a means of reducing the real-time pcr signal originating from free dna and dead bacterial cells by selectively entering damaged cells and blocking the dna for pcr amplification via photoactivation. the present study investigated the effect of ema on viable and dead bacterial cells using real-time pcr, plate count method and microscopy. the foodborne pathogens campylobacter jejuni and listeria monocytogenes were used as a gram-negative and a ... | 2007 | 17449228 |
| campylobacter enteritis in ilorin, nigeria. | campylobacterje junilcoli is one of the most commonly identified bacterial causes of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. in nigeria, it has been reported in the northern part of the country, extensive work has also been done in the south-west leaving behind the middle-belt of the country. | 2006 | 17447349 |
| detection by pcr of eight groups of enteric pathogens in 4,627 faecal samples: re-examination of the english case-control infectious intestinal disease study (1993-1996). | the english case-control infectious intestinal disease study (1993-1996) failed to detect an enteric pathogen or toxin in 49% of cases of gastroenteritis. in the present study, polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays were applied to dna and cdna generated from 4,627 faecal samples from cases and controls archived during the original study for the detection of norovirus, rotavirus, sapovirus, campylobacter spp., salmonella spp., enteroaggregative escherichia coli, cryptosporidium spp., and giardia ... | 2007 | 17447091 |
| dipstick for rapid diagnosis of shigella flexneri 2a in stool. | shigellosis or bacillary dysentery, an acute bloody diarrhoea, is a major public health burden in developing countries. in the absence of prompt and appropriate treatment, the infection is often fatal, particularly in young malnourished children. here, we describe a new diagnostic test for rapid detection, in stool, at the bedside of patients, of shigella flexneri 2a, the most predominant agent of the endemic form of the disease. | 2007 | 17440606 |
| infection dynamics: from organ to host population. | a symposium discussing collaborative research work on infectious diseases dynamics was held at queens' college, university of cambridge on 25 october 2006. | 2007 | 17439858 |
| from peptide to protein: comparative analysis of the substrate specificity of n-linked glycosylation in c. jejuni. | the gram-negative bacterium campylobacter jejuni was recently discovered to contain a general n-linked protein glycosylation pathway. central to this pathway is pglb, a homologue of the stt3p subunit of the eukaryotic oligosaccharyl transferase (ot), which is involved in the transfer of an oligosaccharide from a polyisoprenyl pyrophosphate carrier to the asparagine side chain of proteins within the conserved glycosylation sites d/e-x1-n-x2-s/t, where x1 and x2 can be any amino acids except proli ... | 2007 | 17439157 |
| identification of a campylobacter jejuni protein that cross-reacts with cholera toxin. | the question of whether campylobacter jejuni produces a cholera toxin-like toxin (ctlt) has been controversial. the objective of this study was to identify the factor that cross-reacts with ct from c. jejuni. filtrates of c. jejuni grown in four different liquid media reported to promote ctlt production were tested by chinese hamster ovary (cho) cell elongation assay and for reactivity with ct antibody using gm1 ganglioside enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and immunoblotting. protein se ... | 2007 | 17438040 |
| genome sequence of a clinical isolate of campylobacter jejuni from thailand. | campylobacter jejuni cg8486, which belongs to the hs4 complex, was isolated from a patient with inflammatory diarrhea in thailand. this strain caused a diarrheal disease in ferrets comparable to that caused by c. jejuni strain 81-176, but it was much less invasive for epithelial cells in vitro than 81-176. complete genome sequencing of cg8486 revealed a 1.65-mb genome that was very similar to the other two published genomes of clinical isolates of c. jejuni, the genomes of 81-176 and nctc 11168, ... | 2007 | 17438034 |
| role of motility and the flhdc operon in escherichia coli mg1655 colonization of the mouse intestine. | previously, we reported that the mouse intestine selected mutants of escherichia coli mg1655 that have improved colonizing ability (m. p. leatham et al., infect. immun. 73:8039-8049, 2005). these mutants grew 10 to 20% faster than their parent in mouse cecal mucus in vitro and 15 to 30% faster on several sugars found in the mouse intestine. the mutants were nonmotile and had deletions of various lengths beginning immediately downstream of an is1 element located within the regulatory region of th ... | 2007 | 17438023 |
| a tale of two oxidation states: bacterial colonization of arsenic-rich environments. | microbial biotransformations have a major impact on contamination by toxic elements, which threatens public health in developing and industrial countries. finding a means of preserving natural environments-including ground and surface waters-from arsenic constitutes a major challenge facing modern society. although this metalloid is ubiquitous on earth, thus far no bacterium thriving in arsenic-contaminated environments has been fully characterized. in-depth exploration of the genome of the beta ... | 2007 | 17432936 |
| helicobacter pylori detection and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. | the discovery of helicobacter pylori in 1982 was the starting point of a revolution concerning the concepts and management of gastroduodenal diseases. it is now well accepted that the most common stomach disease, peptic ulcer disease, is an infectious disease, and all consensus conferences agree that the causative agent, h. pylori, must be treated with antibiotics. furthermore, the concept emerged that this bacterium could be the trigger of various malignant diseases of the stomach, and it is no ... | 2007 | 17428887 |
| infection-induced viscerosensory signals from the gut enhance anxiety: implications for psychoneuroimmunology. | infection and inflammation lead to changes in mood and cognition. although the "classic" sickness behavior syndrome, involving fatigue, social withdrawal, and loss of appetites are most familiar, other emotional responses accompany immune activation, including anxiety. recent studies have shown that gastrointestinal bacterial infections lead to enhanced anxiety-like behavior in mice. the bacteria-induced signal is most likely carried by vagal sensory neurons, and occurs early on (within 6h) duri ... | 2007 | 17428636 |
| campylobacter jejuni abortions in two beef cattle herds in saskatchewan. | abortions, accompanied by placental retention and weight loss, occurred during february and march in 19% of 120 and 10% of 108 beef cows and heifers on two neighboring ranches in southern saskatchewan. a diagnosis of campylobacter jejuni abortion was made based on lesions of necrotizing and suppurative placentitis and fetal bronchopneumonia in association with the culture of large numbers of c. jejuni from placentas and fetal tissues.campylobacter jejuni was isolated with variable frequency from ... | 1990 | 17423586 |
| prevalence of campylobacter jejuni in ranch mink at pelting: cultural, serological, and histological evidence of infection. | this survey of 500 mink on three wisconsin ranches at pelting gives an estimate of the prevalence of campylobacter jejuni in the feces of clinically normal animals. on ranches 1 and 2, which used wet feed, c. jejuni was isolated by colon content culture from 7% and 32% of mink one year, and 43% and 13% the next year; the 200 bile samples tested were culture-negative. on ranch 3, which fed a pelleted ration, the organism was never isolated. among culture-positive mink tested, 22 of 55 had bacteri ... | 1990 | 17423585 |
| saskatchewan. prevalence of campylobacter jejuni in pronghorns and mule deer in southern saskatchewan. | 1990 | 17423564 | |
| saskatchewan. campylobacter jejuni abortion in beef cattle. | 1989 | 17423403 | |
| campylobacter jejuni: isolated from an aborted caprine fetus in ontario. | 1987 | 17422911 | |
| prevalence of salmonella and campylobacter contamination in manitoba swine carcasses. | muscle samples from the neck and diaphragm and fecal samples were collected from five hogs from each of 50 lots of market hogs at three manitoba abattoirs. environmental samples were also collected. each sample was tested for salmonella contamination, and tissue and fecal samples were tested for campylobacter.salmonella was isolated from 34 (4.1%) of 821 samples, with 17 of the isolates coming from one lot of hogs and their concurrent environment. campylobacter was isolated from 175 (26.3%) of 6 ... | 1986 | 17422650 |
| campylobacter jejuni as a cause of abortion in mink. | 1983 | 17422345 | |
| re-analysis of the risks attributed to ciprofloxacin-resistant campylobacter jejuni infections. | recent publications were compared and analysed in addition to novel surveillance data to assess the hypothesis that fluoroquinolone-resistant campylobacter infections are causing more severe disease than susceptible infections. the available data did not support this hypothesis. there was no significant difference in duration of disease between susceptible and resistant infections. however, both for resistant and susceptible infections, disease symptoms were prolonged by on average 1-2 days for ... | 2007 | 17420115 |
| detection and genotyping of arcobacter and campylobacter isolates from retail chicken samples by use of dna oligonucleotide arrays. | to explore the use of dna microarrays for pathogen detection in food, we produced dna oligonucleotide arrays to simultaneously determine the presence of arcobacter and the presence of campylobacter in retail chicken samples. probes were selected that target housekeeping and virulence-associated genes in both arcobacter butzleri and thermotolerant campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. these microarrays showed a high level of probe specificity; the signal intensities detected for a. butzler ... | 2007 | 17416693 |
| characterization of a novel bifunctional dihydropteroate synthase/dihydropteroate reductase enzyme from helicobacter pylori. | tetrahydrofolate is a ubiquitous c(1) carrier in many biosynthetic pathways in bacteria, importantly, in the biosynthesis of formylmethionyl trna(fmet), which is essential for the initiation of translation. the final step in the biosynthesis of tetrahydrofolate is carried out by the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr). a search of the complete genome sequence of helicobacter pylori failed to reveal any sequence that encodes dhfr. previous studies demonstrated that the h. pylori dihydropteroate ... | 2007 | 17416665 |
| microsporidiosis in south africa: pcr detection in stool samples of hiv-positive and hiv-negative individuals and school children in vhembe district, limpopo province. | microsporidia were initially recognized as pathogens of insects and fish but have recently emerged as an important group of human pathogens, especially in immune-compromised individuals, such as those with hiv infection. in this study, we used a pcr-rflp assay confirmed by quantitative real-time pcr and trichrome staining to determine the prevalence of microsporidian infections among hospital patients and school children in vhembe region. enterocytozoon bieneusi was the only microsporidian speci ... | 2007 | 17412378 |
| evidence for glycosylation on a dna-binding protein of salmonella enterica. | all organisms living under aerobic atmosphere have powerful mechanisms that confer their macromolecules protection against oxygen reactive species. microorganisms have developed biomolecule-protecting systems in response to starvation and/or oxidative stress, such as dna biocrystallization with dps (dna-binding protein from starved cells). dps is a protein that is produced in large amounts when the bacterial cell faces harm, which results in dna protection. in this work, we evaluated the glycosy ... | 2007 | 17407574 |
| guillain-barré syndrome and preceding infection with campylobacter, influenza and epstein-barr virus in the general practice research database. | a number of infectious agents have previously been suggested as risk factors for the development of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs), but robust epidemiologic evidence for these associations is lacking. | 2007 | 17406668 |
| nonspecific pcr amplification of the 16s rrna gene segment in different bacteria by use of primers specific for campylobacter, arcobacter, and helicobacter spp. | 2007 | 17403769 |