Publications

[prophylactic and therapeutic studies on intestinal giant-cystic disease of the israel carp caused by thelohanellus kitauei. i. course of formation and vanishment of the cyst].	in an attempt to develop prophylactic and therapeutic measures of the intestinal giant-cystic disease caused by thelohanellus kitauei in the israel carp, cyprinus carpio nudus, pathological observations were conducted upon the carps which were hatched in may 1988 and raised in a net cage fish farm at the soyang lake, managed by horim fisheries for the period of 21 months with 1-2 months interval. after a gross inspection of the carps, necropsy was carried out periodically in order to clarify the ...	1990	2095200
[a novel group of nucleolar organizer region associating proteins].	with the scleroderma autoantinucleolar antiserum which was discribed in our previous paper, we identified a novel group of nucleolar organizer associating proteins, anop. by means of immunoblotting, it was found that anop mainly consists of three polypeptides with molecular weights of 65, 76, and 78 kd respectively. immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated that anop is localized in the shells of dense fibril components surrounding fibrillar centers of nucleolus. moreover, indirect immunofluorescen ...	1990	2091420
modulatory effect of metal ions on the immune response of fish: in vivo and in vitro influence of mncl2 on nk activity of carp pronephros cells.	the in vivo and in vitro influence of mncl2 on carp pronephros cells was investigated. increased cytotoxicity against both yac-1 and p 815 target cells was observed following an intraperitoneal injection of 40, 80, or 120 micrograms mncl2/g body wt administrated 24 hr prior to the in vitro 51cr release assay. similarly, in vitro treatment of carp pronephros cells, at a final concentration of 60 micrograms/culture, resulted in an increase of nk cell activity in both yac-1 and p 815 target cell li ...	1990	2090440
structure-activity studies with fragments and analogous of salmonid melanin-concentrating hormone.	a number of cyclic and linear fragments and analogues of mch were synthesized and their biological potencies tested using the isolated carp scale melanophore assay. in this system the cyclic portion mch(5-14) exhibited only 0.1% bioactivity, which was markedly enhanced by the addition of the exocyclic sequences mch(15-17) and mch(1-4). the exocyclic sequence itself, mch(1-4,15-17), had minimal activity, however. substitution of tyr11 with phenylalanine reduced the potency of the ring structure m ...	2014	2087435
cytotoxicity of carp (cyprinus carpio) leucocytes induced against tnp-modified autologous spleen cells and influence of acclimatization temperature.		1990	2086276
[the seasonal appearance of swim bladder inflammation in the course of sphaerospora renicola infection in carp].	in carp during 1st year the course of dynamics of the 3 known stages of sphaerospora renicola showed an increase of the kidney infection in winter and spring (with inhibited sporulation). the winter/spring-peak was accompanied by an intensive blood-phase (c-stages). after august of the 1st summer the swimbladder-phase (k-stages) was not observed, although sbi occurred between january and april. under warm water condition this infection was discharged after september/october, the sbi never occurr ...	1990	2085211
conformational comparisons among homologous bony fish 5s ribosomal rnas.	the reversible thermal melting of homologous 5s ribosomal rnas of three bony fishes, rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri), carp (cyprinus carpio), and dog salmon (onchorhynchus keta), were compared in aqueous salts (sodium chloride and/or divalent metal chlorides) by means of differential optical absorption at 260 and 280 nm, and c.d. at 265 nm. the melting parameters of the multiphasic melting process were conserved among the homologous rnas, and it was shown that they did not depend on the methods ...	1990	2083239
growth of organs and tissues in carp (cyprinus carpio l.) larvae.	growth of some internal organs and tissues was studied in carp (cyprinus carpio l.) in order to provide baseline information on the growth process during the first posthatching stages of fish, and to compare the trend observed in fish to that known in other animals. growth of organs and tissues (liver, pancreas, trunk muscles, digestive tract, eyes, nervous system) was studied in rapidly growing carp (cyprinus carpio l.) larvae by means of a quantitative histological method. mean body weight of ...	1990	2074119
steroid profiles during spawning in male common carp.	the profiles of testosterone (t) 11-ketotestosterone (11-kt), 17 alpha-hydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17-p), and 17 alpha,20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20 beta-p) were determined in groups of spermiating male common carp (cyprinus carpio) which were or were not mated with females and subjected to an increase in water temperature, a treatment which usually induces females to spawn. the steroid levels were correlated with changes in gonadotropin (gth). all males mated with ovulatory females show ...	1990	2074001
dopamine and 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate differentially modify spectral responses of h1 horizontal cells in carp retina.	cone-driven external h1 horizontal cells (h1 hcs) in the cyprinid fish retina hyperpolarize in response to all visible lights, and their synaptic inputs have been widely believed to be excitatory. recent experiments indicate, however, that short- and long-lambda (wavelength)-sensitive cone photoreceptors have different types of synaptic mechanisms; a conductance-decreasing, sign-reversing and short-lambda-mediating type, and a more conventional conductance-increasing class of excitatory (sign-co ...	1990	2073952
[the helminthiasis situation in areas of the influence of water storage basins on the territory of cherkassy province].	the situation with helminthiases has been studied on the right tributaries of the dnieper, the upper reaches of kremenchug storage pond and in the storage ponds of the south bug basin. the existence of genuine opisthorchiasis foci in kremenchug storage pond is at present impossible due to the absence of codiella mollusks. fish of the carp family is infected in the right tributaries of the dnieper. no diphyllobothriasis foci have been identified in the upper reaches of kremenchug storage pond. op ...	2009	2067500
dark adaptation of horizontal cells in the teleost fish retina.	the dark adaptation behaviors of rod-driven and cone-driven horizontal cells were examined by analyzing their light responses recorded intracellularly in the intact, immobilized carp, and compared with that of the electroretinographic b-wave recorded simultaneously. like the b-wave, the light responsiveness of rod horizontal cells increased gradually with time in the dark and attained a steady level at 60 min. on the other hand, cone horizontal cells initially increased in light responsiveness i ...	1991	2059325
development of a homologous radioimmunoassay for eel prolactin.	a highly specific and homologous radioimmunoassay (ria) for the measurement of prolactin (prl) in the plasma and the pituitary of the eel was developed using a rabbit antiserum to eel prl. prl was purified from the pituitary of japanese eel (anguilla japonica). pituitary extracts and plasma from the japanese and european eels exhibited displacement curves parallel to the eel prl standard. plasma and pituitary extracts from chum salmon, rainbow trout, japanese charr, tilapia, goldfish, and carp, ...	1991	2055440
[experimental studies of the effect of rhabdovirus infection on hematological, immunological and biochemical indicators in cold-blooded animals].	bactericidal activity of blood serum (babc), content of lysozyme, protein in it were recorded as well as formula and form of erythrocytes, activity of digestive enzymes by results of free amino acid accumulation in the food substrate were determined ten days after rhabdovirus injection to one-year-old carp. it is shown that if there are no clinical symptoms of viremia in carps, babc, relative number of stab neutrophils and the value of eccentricity index in erythrocytes increase. simultaneously ...	2006	2055316
refined crystal structure of ytterbium-substituted carp parvalbumin 4.25 at 1.5 a, and its comparison with the native and cadmium-substituted structures.	the crystal structure of carp parvalbumin 4.25 containing a 1:1 molar ratio of ytterbium chloride to protein has been refined at 1.5 a resolution by restrained least-squares methods to a crystallographic r value of 0.199. the crystal structure confirms the nmr studies, which suggest that low concentrations of ytterbium cause an extensive displacement of calcium from the ef metal binding site. a comparison of the ytterbium-substituted model with the native and cadmium-substituted structure show n ...	1991	2044772
purification and properties of neutral beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase from carp blood.	a neutral beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase has been purified to homogeneity from carp blood by a seven-step procedure. it was localized in the cytosol of red blood cells. the purified enzyme was specific to beta-n-acetylglucosaminide and inactive to beta-n-acetylgalactosaminide. it was competitively inhibited by free n-acetylglucosamine, but not by free n-acetylgalactosamine. the optimum ph of the enzyme was 6.5, with a stable ph range of 7.0 to 11.0. the enzyme showed greater heat-lability and anod ...	1991	2043684
infection of the heart in carp caused by myxobolus dogieli (myxosporea, myxobolidae).	myxobolus dogieli infecting the heart muscles of carp was noted in a cage fishfarm situated in the upper volga river. prevalence of infection of two summer old fishes in different cages was 10-20%. some of the fishes perished. one summer old carps had a lower infection. the disease takes place when the thermal efflusences of power stations are used.	1991	2039093
rapid cold-induced changes of membrane order and delta 9-desaturase activity in endoplasmic reticulum of carp liver: a time-course study of thermal acclimation.	the membrane order of liver endoplasmic reticulum (er) membranes of 10 degrees c- and 30 degrees c-acclimated carp has been compared using the fluorescence polarization technique with dph as probe. membranes from cold-acclimated fish displayed lower polarizations than corresponding membranes from warm-acclimated fish, the difference compensating for 34-50% of the direct effects of temperature upon polarization. the changes in delta 9-desaturase activity and fluorescence polarization of dph in er ...	1991	2036447
the potential of carp to bioactivate benzo[a]pyrene to metabolites that bind to dna.	we have investigated the formation of dna adducts in starved, fed and 5,6-benzoflavone-pretreated carp following i.p. administration of benzo(a)pyrene. 32p-postlabeling analysis of the liver dnas showed the presence of one predominant (greater than 92%) adduct in all three groups. cochromatography experiments revealed that the main adduct was identical to authentic bpdei-dg (10 beta-(deoxyguanosin-n2-yl)-7 beta, 8 alpha, 9 alpha-trihydroxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene). the formation of the ...	1975	2032212
the crystal structure of silver carp insulin at medium resolution.	it is an important way of surveying the structure-function relationship of insulin to study insulins from different species. based on the structure model of an orthorhombic crystal obtained by the molecular replacement method, the crystallographic refinement of a hexamer of silver carp insulin in an asymmetric unit has been carried out with 2.8 a resolution data using the restrained least-squares method. the comparisons of insulin structures have shown that the six silver carp insulin molecules ...	1991	2021422
cloning and characterization of the carp prolactin gene.	a carp genomic dna clone containing the carp prolactin (prl) gene was isolated with carp prl cdna as a probe. the organization of the carp prl gene was determined by restriction nuclease mapping and nucleotide sequencing. the prl gene comprises approx. 2.8 kilobasepairs (kb) of dna including the 5'-flanking region, five exons, four introns and the 3'-flanking region. analysis of the 5'-flanking region reveals (1) the sequence tatataat at positions -38 to -31 upstream from the cap site which was ...	1991	2001405
myofilament overlap in swimming carp. ii. sarcomere length changes during swimming.	this study was performed to determine myofilament overlap during swimming in carp. by using frozen sections, we found that sarcomere lengths of the red and white muscle could be related to the curvature of the backbone. sarcomere length (sl) during swimming was calculated from an analysis of backbone curvature in high-speed motion pictures. because carp have the same myofilament lengths as frogs, we related force generation to sl using the frog sl-tension curve. at slow swimming speeds, the red ...	1991	1996612
myofilament overlap in swimming carp. i. myofilament lengths of red and white muscle.	to assess myofilament overlap during locomotion, we estimated the length of myosin and actin filaments in axial red and white muscle of carp. myosin filament lengths were 1.52 +/- 0.009 and 1.50 +/- 0.037 micron (means +/- sd) in the red and white muscle, respectively, as measured from thin sections. after correction for shrinkage (using the troponin-based 385-a axial periodicity), thin filaments were 0.96 +/- 0.009 and 0.97 +/- 0.023 micron in the red and white muscles, respectively. filaments ...	1991	1996611
metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene and (-)-trans-benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol by freshly isolated hepatocytes from mirror carp.	the metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene (b[a]p) and (-)-trans-benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol [(-)-b[a]p-7,8-diol], a major putative proximate carcinogenic metabolite of b[a]p, was compared in freshly isolated hepatocytes from mirror carp, a strain of common carp (cyprinus carpio, l.). hepatocytes incubated with 40 microm [3h]b[a]p produced 1.22 nmol equivalents of b[a]p metabolites/mg dry wt of cells/h. conjugated derivatives represented approximately 65% of all b[a]p metabolites and included glucuroni ...	1991	1995182
[features of the interconversion of alpha-ketoglutarate--glutamate in brain mitochondria of exothermic animals during hibernation].	it has been found that there exists a correlation in the dynamics of changes in the amount of glutamate, alpha-ketoglutarate, glutamine, ammonia and activity level or alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, nadp-glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamine synthetase and glutaminase in the brain of young carp in the process of winter starvation. it has been stated that under condition of energy deficiency and meaningful amount of ammonia in the organism of hibernating fish, its binding parallel with the known ...	2016	1982377
in vitro responses of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) somatotrophs to carp growth hormone-releasing factor (grf) and somatostatin.	to study the hypothalamic control of growth hormone (gh) release in lower vertebrates, we employed an in vitro technique using a monolayer cell culture system of rainbow trout pituitary glands. two newly purified carp brain growth hormone-releasing factors, carp grf(1-45) and carp grf(1-29), and synthetic somatostatin-14 (sst-14) were applied to the cultured pituitary cells. the results indicate that: (1) the carp grfs had a dose-related potency in stimulating growth hormone release. the dose of ...	1990	1981568
effects of some autonomic drugs and neuropeptides on the mechanical activity of longitudinal and circular muscle strips isolated from the carp intestinal bulb (cyprinus carpio).	1. the mechanical responses to some autonomic drugs and neuropeptides of longitudinal muscle (lm) and circular muscle (cm) strips isolated from the carp intestinal bulb were investigated in vitro. 2. acetylcholine and carbamylcholine caused concentration-dependent transient contraction of both lm and cm strips. tetrodotoxin had no effect, but atropine selectively decreased the contractile responses to acetylcholine and carbamylcholine. 3. excitatory alpha-2 and inhibitory beta adrenoceptors were ...	1990	1981339
seasonal variations in the content of catecholamines in carp heart (cyprinus carpio).	1. seasonal changes in epinephrine and norepinephrine contents were demonstrated in ventricular muscle tissues of carp heart. 2. patterns of changes in epinephrine and norepinephrine contents were similar; high during late spring-to-summer and low in winter; however, the fluctuation in epinephrine content was greater than that of norepinephrine. 3. tyramine caused a positive inotropic effect in isolated electrically-stimulated ventricular muscles of carp heart. the inotropic effect was totally b ...	1990	1981337
isoelectric analysis of 3h-pargyline-labelled monoamine oxidase in rat and carp.	1. after selective binding of [3h]pargyline to either monoamine oxidase (mao) a or mao b in the rat liver, mao b alone in the rat brain and mao in carp brain and liver, molecular weight and isoelectric points (pi) of these mao were determined by sodium dodecyl sulphate (sds)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing and results obtained were compared. 2. for all tissues tested, sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of [3h]pargyline-bound samples revealed a labelled protein ban ...	1990	1980888
bioconcentration and excretion of diazinon, ibp, malathion and fenitrothion by carp.	1. bioconcentration and excretion of diazinon, ibp, malathion and fenitrothion were studied for carp (cyprinus carpio l.). 2. the concentrations of these pesticides in muscle and viscera of the carp reached plateaus in 12-48 hr exposure. 3. the average values of bioconcentration factors (bcf) for diazinon were 20.9 in muscle, 60.0 in liver, 111.1 in kidney and 32.2 in gallbladder over the 168 hr exposure period. similarly, those values were 4.3-26.7 for ibp, 2.7-17.3 for malathion, and 36.0-157. ...	1990	1980880
accumulation and metabolism of 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl-4'-aminophenyl ether by carp.	1. accumulation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl-4'-aminophenyl ether (cnp-amino) in carp was investigated for 14 days. cnp-amino in carp could be divided into free cnp-amino [cnp-amino(i)] and bound cnp-amino [cnp-amino(ii)]. 2. the bioconcentration factors (bcf) of cnp-amino(i + ii) in carp were 90 +/- 38 (mean +/- sd, n = 3) for muscle, 402 for liver, 501 for kidney and 5368 for gallbladder after 14 days exposure. 3. 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl-4'-acetamide phenyl ether (cnp-acetamide) was detected as meta ...	1990	1980874
effect of oxygen tension on catecholamine-induced formation of camp and on swelling of carp red blood cells.	we studied the effects of beta-adrenergic stimulation on the formation of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (camp) and on the cell volume in carp red blood cells in normoxia (po2 = 150 mmhg) and hypoxia (po2 = 8 mmhg). accumulation of camp was the prerequisite for adrenergic cell swelling. cell swelling was induced by beta-agonists, forskolin, and 8-bromo-camp. the amount of camp required for adrenergic swelling was minimal; swelling was observed at camp concentrations greater than 100 nm. ma ...	1990	1978570
gliotoxic effects of alpha-aminoadipic acid isomers on the carp retina: a long term observation.	the glutamate analogue, alpha-aminoadipic acid was intravitreally administered in the d-, dl- and l-forms to carp (cyprinus carpio) retina in vivo. to make a quantitative assessment of its gliotoxic action, the activity of glutamine synthetase, whose localization was confirmed in glial müller cells by an immunohistochemical technique, was examined at various intervals over one month. intravitreal injection of 8 mumol alpha-aminoadipic acids reduced the glutamine synthetase activity within 4 h an ...	1990	1977098
long-term anoxia in crucian carp: changes in the levels of amino acid and monoamine neurotransmitters in the brain, catecholamines in chromaffin tissue, and liver glycogen.	crucian carp (carassius carassius l.), which are extremely anoxia-tolerant, were exposed to 17 days of anoxia at 8 degrees c. one group of fish was transferred to normoxic water for 1-8 h immediately after the anoxic period. all the eight amino acids measured in brain (including four putative neurotransmitters) were more or less strongly affected by anoxia. gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) displayed a nearly fivefold increase during anoxia. it is hypothesized that the increased level of this inhib ...	1990	1972385
sequential course of uptake of intravitreal 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine by carp retinal cells.	the sequential course of uptake by retinal cells of intravitreally injected 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-dht) together with dopamine (da) was investigated in juvenile carp retinas, which were removed at various intervals (1-24 h) after injection. the cells taken up 5,7-dht were visualized immunohistochemically with anti-serotonin (5-ht) antibody and fitc-conjugated igg. after a mixture of 5,7-dht and da (2.5, 10 or 20 micrograms each) was given, large-sized indoleamine (ia) amacrine cells first ...	1990	1970941
[characteristics of adenosine triphosphatase activity in carp erythrocytes treated with saponin].	the activities of ca-atpase and na,k-atpase in saponin-treated erythrocytes of man, rat and carp were compared. it was shown that at free calcium concentrations lower than 1 microm the activity of ca-atpase in carp erythrocytes was by one order of magnitude lower than in rat erythrocytes and 3-4 times lower than in human red blood cells. at [ca2+] = 0.4 microm the activities of na,k-atpase in all species under study were essentially the same. the increase in ca2+ concentration up to 1 microm res ...	1990	1963091
fenvalerate induced biochemical changes in the selected tissues of freshwater fish, cyprinus carpio.	alterations in the levels of some biochemical and enzymological parameters in brain, liver and muscle tissues of cyprinus carpio exposed to sublethal concentration (10 micrograms/liter) of fenvalerate for 6, 12, 24 and 48 hr were studied. total, structural and soluble proteins were decreased, whereas the free amino acids and the activities of protease, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase significantly increased in fenvalerate exposed fish. it is also observed that the changes ...	1991	1953805
early development of khawia sinensis hsü, 1935 (cestoda: caryophyllidea), a carp parasite.	the development of the tapeworm khawia sinensis parasitizing carp (cyprinus carpio l.) has been studied from the release of cestode eggs into water to the formation of infective procercoids in the intermediate host under laboratory conditions. the rate of embryonal development is greatly influenced by the water temperature. while at 5 degrees c the development of oncospheres was not recorded, at 10-12 degrees c, 15 degrees c, 20-22 degrees c, and 23-24 degrees c oncospheres were fully formed aft ...	1991	1937272
on the dissemination of two far east monogenean parasites (dactylogyrus achmerovi gussev, 1955 and gyrodactylus kherulensis ergens, 1974, of carp (cyprinus carpio l.)) in czechoslovakia.		1991	1937271
in vitro maturation of the potential for movement of carp spermatozoa.	carp semen obtained from isolated fish after hormonal stimulation was highly variable in terms of volume of semen, osmotic pressure of the seminal plasma, and sperm capacity to move. moreover, this last parameter was unstable when the spermatozoa were kept within the seminal plasma, and the present work was designed to investigate and possibly correct this phenomenon. sperm potential movement was the major parameter studied and was measured by the percentage of motile cells in a final 3.000-fold ...	1991	1931042
shifts in protein metabolism in some organs of freshwater fish, cyprinus carpio under mercury stress.	changes in the protein metabolism of gill, kidney and intestine of freshwater fish, cyprinus carpio exposed to 1, 15 and 30 days to sublethal concentration (0.1 mg/l) of mercury were studied. the total, soluble and structural protein contents recorded the depletion followed by progressive increase in accumulation of free aminoacids. concurrently, the activity of protease in the tissues was also increased. a steady enhancement in the activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotrans ...	1991	1930254
insulin-like growth factor i-like immunoreactivity in serum and tissues of the tilapia, oreochromis mossambicus.	tilapia serum was acidified with 0.5 m hcl and then chromatographed on an octadecasily-silica column. after washing with 4% acetic acid, the column was eluted with methanol. the eluate was evaporated to dryness. the sample cross-reacted in a human insulin-like growth factor i (igf-i) radioimmunoassay, suggesting immunochemical similarity to human igf-i. igf-i-like immunoreactivity was present at high levels in tilapia liver. other tissues containing igf-i-like immunoreactivity included the gonad ...	1991	1930252
goussia carpelli (apicomplexa, eimeriorina) from cyprinid fish: field observations and infection experiments.	intestinal tissue samples of 9 cyprinid and gobiid fish species from several hatcheries and ponds in south bohemia were found to harbour goussia carpelli-like coccidian oocysts. furthermore, laboratory transmission of goussia carpelli, obtained from common carp, was attempted to 9 cyprinid fish species, both laboratory reared and obtained from pond environments. infection experiments, carried out by fecal contamination (direct transmission) and by using tubificid oligochaetes as paratenic hosts ...	1991	1928799
the adenosine receptor blocker aminophylline increases anoxic ethanol excretion in crucian carp.	by depressing energy consumption, anoxia-tolerant animals are thought to compensate for a reduced ability to produce energy during anoxia. adenosine is an inhibitory neuromodulator in vertebrates and, hence, has the potential ability to depress energy consumption. ethanol is the main metabolic end product in anoxic carassius, and the present study shows that the rate of ethanol excretion in anoxic crucian carp (carassius carassius l.) can be increased threefold by treatment with the adenosine re ...	1991	1928423
[contamination of fish tissue cell cultures by mycoplasma].	the inoculated and primary cell cultures of fish (carp, salmon, and sturgeon) have been studied. acholeplasma typed as a. laidlawii in terms of its biochemical properties shown in inhibited metabolism has been isolated from 19 samples. the authors consider the source of acholeplasma-induced contamination of the cell cultures under study.	1991	1927041
sphaerospora epinepheli n. sp. (myxosporea: sphaerosporidae) observed in grouper (epinephelus malabaricus).	sphaerospora epinepheli n. sp. is described from grouper, epinephelus malabaricus, in cage-cultured and wild fish collected from both coastal lines of southern thailand. subspherical to spherical spores and mono- or disporous pseudoplasmodia were observed in the lumen of kidney tubules. pseudoplasmodia were round to elongate, size range 15.6-22.9 microns (length) x 8.4-21.6 microns (width). spores were 7.8-10.0 microns (length) x 12.3-14.5 microns (thickness), and 7.0-9.5 microns (width) with tw ...	2009	1920143
early life stages of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) depend on ambient magnesium for their development.	carp eggs, fertilized in vitro, were allowed to develop in fresh water with magnesium concentrations varying from 0.001 to 0.100 mmol l-1. magnesium concentrations below 0.010 mmol l-1 seriously impeded carp embryonic development: the incidence of deformed larvae and mortality increased steeply to 100% at water magnesium concentrations of 0.001 mmol l-1. thus, early life stages of carp require ambient magnesium for survival and successful development. the magnesium and calcium concentrations of ...	1991	1919414
modelling protein three-dimensional structure using tritium planigraphy.	we propose the use of data on the topography of the label-accessible surface of a protein molecule obtained by the method of tritium planigraphy as a criterion for choosing the optimal intermediate arrangements of alpha-helices in globular proteins so as to model their three-dimensional structures. this approach has been used for modelling the three-dimensional structure of parvalbumin iii from pike. the proposed model has been compared with high-resolution x-ray structural data for a related pr ...	1991	1915152
effects of organophosphorus insecticides: effects of trichlorfon and dichlorvos on the immune response of carp (cyprinus carpio). iii. in vitro effects on lymphocyte proliferation and phagocytosis and in vivo effects on humoral response.	cells isolated from the pronephros of carp were incubated in vitro with the organophosphorus insecticide trichlorfon or dichlorvos, each of which is used in aquaculture to eliminate fish ectoparasites. dose-dependent suppressive effects were observed in assays for lymphocyte proliferation and myeloid cell respiratory burst activities. dichlorvos given by bath in vivo did not affect antibody production against yersinia ruckeri even if the spleen and kidney were obviously contaminated according to ...	1991	1914997
[a case report of controlled aortic root reperfusion (carp) following global myocardial ischemia during surgery for severe mitral stenosis with tricuspid regurgitation].	the use of controlled aortic root reperfusion (carp) as additional myocardial protection in cardiac surgery has been employed at university of alabama at birmingham since 1986. this technique has been applied to a patient in japan undergoing mitral valve replacement and tricuspid annuloplasty and favorable results were obtained. the carp method consists of two consecutive procedures following global myocardial ischemia, that is, terminal warm blood cardioplegic reperfusion and selective controll ...	1991	1894989
population study of horizontal cells in live carp retinas using microinjections of horseradish peroxidase.	in order to randomly sample horizontal cells (hcs) of carp retina, horseradish peroxidase (hrp) was delivered into axon terminals by means of vitreally inserted micropipettes in live fish. survival time was extended to several hours to permit label diffusion into hc somata. a function measuring the relative complexity of cell contours was defined in order to help classify hcs according to their morphological types. the histogram of measurement from 313 hcs showed three modes fitting normal distr ...	1991	1891806
lipoxin formation in fish leucocytes.	adherent leucocytes, consisting of mainly macrophages, isolated from the haemopoietic head kidney of five species of fish were challenged with calcium ionophore and the resulting lipoxygenase products were separated and identified by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. of the fish examined, only adherent leucocytes from the atlantic salmon and mirror carp generated lipoxins. atlantic salmon leucocytes synthesized mainly lipoxin (lx) a4/lxa5 and 11-trans-lxa4/11-trans-lxa5, whil ...	1991	1888779
pharmacokinetics of sulphadimidine in carp (cyprinus carpio l.) and rainbow trout (salmo gairdneri richardson) acclimated at two different temperature levels.	the influence of temperature (10 degrees c and 20 degrees c) on pharmacokinetics and metabolism of sulphadimidine (sdm) in carp and trout was studied. at 20 degrees c a significantly lower level of distribution (vdarea) and a significantly shorter elimination half-life (t(1/2)beta) was achieved in both species compared to the 10 degrees c level. in carp the body clearance parameter (clb(sdm)) was significantly higher at 20 degrees c compared to the value at 10 degrees c, whereas for trout this p ...	1991	1882494
development and validation of a highly sensitive radioimmunoassay for chinook salmon (oncorhynchus tshawytscha) growth hormone.	this study describes the development of a highly specific and very sensitive radioimmunoassay for salmonid growth hormone. antiserum raised against chinook (oncorhynchus tshawytscha) gh2, which did not recognize 125i-sprl and 125i-sgth (at 1:1000 initial dilution), was able to inhibit growth when injected into rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). 125i-sgh2, used as tracer, was not recognized by anti-sgth or by anti-sprl. mammalian gh and acth and salmonid gth, tsh, and prl did not cross-react in ...	1991	1879675
pituitary and plasma arginine vasotocin levels in teleost fish.	the role of arginine vasotocin (avt) in teleostean osmoregulation is unclear. its administration may produce dose-dependent effects on renal fluid loss though the physiological significance of such effects is unknown due to the paucity of data on the normal range in pituitary and plasma avt levels. the present study addresses these questions by examining the pituitary avt activity in the flounder and plasma avt concentrations in the flounder, trout, and carp following alterations in environmenta ...	1991	1879673
absorption of bioactive human growth hormone after oral administration in the common carp (cyprinus carpio) and its enhancement by deoxycholate.	recombinant human growth hormone was administered orally to carp and serum levels of absorbed bioactive hormone were investigated using a highly sensitive nb2 rat lymphoma cell bioassay and radioimmunoassay. serum levels of bioactive hgh reached maximum values 30 min after oral intubation and then gradually decreased. co-administration of the hormone with deoxycholate to fasted carp resulted in up to a 1000-fold increase in absorption compared to aqueous solutions of the hormone, but had no effe ...	1991	1869695
inactivation of enolase from carp (cyprinus carpio) muscle by 2,3-butanedione.	enolase from white muscle of carp (cyprinus carpio) is inactivated by 2,3-butanedione in borate buffer. magnesium ions as well as substrate--2-phosphoglycerate markedly altered the rate and extent of inactivation. the partially inactivated enzyme shows unaltered km but decreased vmax after 10 min incubation with butanedione, however after 60 min incubation the km value increased 2.5 fold.	1991	1863278
[the immunological status of cyprinus carpio l. in experimental mycotoxicosis].	some humoral factors of nonspecific resistance have been determined in carp yearlings in 28 days after intraperitoneal administration of fungi culture filtrate (i), conidia (ii), micellar extract (iii) of the fungus aspergillus fumigatus fres., physiological solution (control). the toxicogenic and immunogenic effect of the fungus has been shown in i and ii variants of the experiment respectively. the injection of fungus micella did not have any influence on the studied factors. the account of sp ...	1991	1859857
calcium channels from cyprinus carpio skeletal muscle.	the complete amino acid sequence of the l-type calcium channel alpha 1 subunit from the carp (cyprinus carpio) white skeletal muscle was deduced by cdna cloning and sequence analysis. the open reading frame encodes 1852 amino acids (mr 210,060). a 155-amino acid cooh-terminal sequence (after the fourth internal repeat) is evolutionarily preserved (90% homology) and may represent an important functional domain of l-type calcium channels. the photolabeled, membrane-bound, and purified carp alpha 1 ...	1991	1846962
the existence of 25-hydroxyvitamin d3-1 alpha-hydroxylase in the liver of carp and bastard halibut.	we have found that carp and bastard halibut contain 25-hydroxyvitamin d3 (25-d3)-1 alpha-hydroxylase in the liver besides in the kidney by the following in vivo and in vitro experiments. when [3h]-25-d3 was intraperitoneally injected to vitamin d(d)-deficient carp and normal bastard halibut (d-deficient bastard halibut could not be raised because they died during farming), the profiles of high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) of the plasma lipid extract showed the formation of a peak cor ...	1991	1846929
ultraviolet photoreception in carp: microspectrophotometry and behaviorally determined action spectra.	this study demonstrates correlations between u.v. sensitivity and microspectrophotometric absorption spectra determined sequentially for the same group of individuals. we used the heart-rate conditioning technique to measure spectral sensitivity of carp, a species known to have u.v.-sensitive photoreceptors. mean spectral sensitivity (n = 3) determined with a spectrally-broad background (450 nm long pass filter) revealed a small but consistent u.v. peak (lambda max of 380 nm) in addition to the ...	1991	1843761
dendritic morphology of a class of interstitial and normally placed amacrine cells revealed by intracellular lucifer yellow injection in carp retina.	the dendritic morphology of a class of interstitial amacrine (isa) and normally placed amacrine cells was investigated in carp retina. we first identified their fluorescent nuclei after preloading with 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (dapi) in living or aldehyde-fixed retinal wholemounts and then injected them iontophoretically with lucifer yellow (ly) under microscopic control. although dapi appeared to be accumulated nonspecifically by amacrine and ganglion cells, isa cell nuclei were discriminat ...	1991	1843753
studies on rod horizontal cell s-potential in dependence of the dark/light adapted state: a comparative study in cyprinus carpio and scyliorhinus canicula retinas.	changes in light sensitivity, response time-course and electrical coupling of rod driven horizontal cells (rhc) were examined in the dark and light adapted states by intracellular recording. comparative analyses were made of two fishes from different photic environments. rhc of cyprinus carpio and external horizontal cells (ehc) of scyliorhinus canicula retinas showed similar changes of their electrical responses to light stimuli when the dark-adapted retina was light-adapted: a decrease in sens ...	1991	1843752
retinal morphology of cyprinid fishes: a quantitative histological study of ontogenetic changes and interspecific variation.	morphological patterns of the retina, cone size and density, rod density, rod-cone ratio, ganglion cell density, convergence of receptor cells, resolving power (rp) and regionalization were examined throughout life history in roach and in adults of asp, bream, common carp, roach and sabre carp. the retina of hatchlings is packed with small cones. during larval and juvenile growth the retina stretches, cones increase in diameter and rods are present in increasing numbers. photopic and scotopic se ...	1991	1843750
ecological aspects of nematode parasites of introduced salmonids from valdivia river basin, chile.	between 1986 and 1987, 666 fishes distributed among the following species introduced in chile, and from different sectors of the valdivia river basin (39 degrees 30'-40 degrees 00's, 73 degrees 30'-71 degrees 45'w), were examined: 348 salmo trutta, 242 salmo gairdneri, 24 cyprinus carpio and 52 gambusia affinis holbrooki. the presence of camallanus corderoi and contracaecum sp. in s. gairdneri and of c. corderoi in s. trutta is recorded in chile for the first time. cyprinus carpio and g. a. holb ...	2006	1842391
gamma-crystallin genes in carp: cloning and characterization.	the carp gamma-crystallin gene family was found to be composed of at least three members: gamma m1, gamma m2 and gamma m3. the encoded products are very similar to other known gamma-crystallins but with their own peculiarities: (1) they all have a high methionine content: 12.4%, 14% and 8.4% in gamma m1, gamma m2 and gamma m3, respectively; and (2) the amino acid sequences are aberrant in the region before connecting peptides and its corresponding region in motif 4. their protein structures migh ...	1991	1840497
identification of immunoreactive atrial natriuretic peptide in bulbus arteriosus of freshwater teleostean fish.	1. the presence and partial characterization of immunoreactive atrial natriuretic peptide (ir-anp) in the bulbus arteriosus were investigated using high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) and radioimmunoassay (ria) in several freshwater teleostean fish (catfish, silver crusian carp, snakehead, and rice eel). 2. the level of ir-anp in the bulbus arteriosus was comparable with that in the atria at about 5-15 pg/mg, 6-13 pg/mg wet wt, respectively, but was 2-4-fold higher than that in the ven ...	1991	1839978
carp erythrodermatitis (ce) due to an aeromonas hydrophila infection. casuistic and experimental results.	in november 1987 high losses of carp (cyprinus carpio) with the main symptom of skin ulcera were observed in a farm in northern greece. sixty-six isolates of bacteria, characterized mainly as aeromonas hydrophila or pseudomonas spp. could be isolated from lesions of diseased fish. transmission experiments with these isolates using mirror carp showed that aeromonas hydrophila strains induced identical clinical and pathological pictures after intra- or subcutaneous injection. extracts of these aer ...	1991	1830440
[trematodiases in tataria].	high opisthorchiasis morbidity among local population and domestic animals was recorded in 1966 in alekseevskiĭ district of tataria. repeated screenings performed in 1989 revealed besides the above disease cases of pseudoamphistomiasis. 183 subjects have been examined, 90 of them (40.9%) revealed hepatobiliary system damages. bile analysis performed in 61 patients revealed lambliasis in 1 case, opisthorchiasis in 3 cases and pseudoamphistomiasis in 31 cases. metacercaria of the above trematode w ...	1991	1829788
[elaboration of a dried-salted and smoked product using aquaculture species].	the purpose of this work was to adapt the procedure developed at the instituto nacional de la nutrición salvador zubirán (innsz) for the conservation of the sardine to aquaculture species such as carp (ciprinus carpio) and tilapia (tilapia sp). the mixtures were designed on the basis of the chemical score method. the preparation of the patties included different fish presentations, and two methods were evaluated in order to obtain fish pulp. in the formulation of the final product, defatted soy, ...	1991	1824516
sublethal effects of textile dye stuff effluent on selected oxidative enzymes and tissue respiration of cyprinus carpio (linn.).	toxic effects of sublethal concentration of dye stuff effluent on succinic dehydrogenase (sdh) and lactic dehydrogenase (ldh) activities and tissue respiration were studied in c. carpio. while the sublethal exposure significantly reduced sdh activity and tissue respiration, ldh activity increased in gill, brain, liver, muscle and kidney. the maximum inhibition of sdh activity (74%) was recorded in gill and the minimum (38%) in liver. the percentage reduction of oxygen consumption in the tested t ...	1991	1814839
differentiation of eosinophilic granulocytes of carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	electron-microscopic studies were conducted to observe ultrastructural changes during differentiation of eosinophilic granulocytes in carp (cyprinus carpio l.). differentiation at the myelocyte stage was found to relate to specific granules made of dense and light fields. by maturation they assume a mosaic-like texture and in each granule of mature granulocytes, a light, central "internum" and a peripheral dense wrapper can be distinguished. the activity peroxidase and acid phosphatase is locate ...	1991	1814414
development of khawia sinensis hsü, 1935 (cestoda: caryophyllidea) in the fish host.	the development of the tapeworm khawia sinensis has been observed up to the stage of sexually mature parasites releasing eggs in an experimentally infected definitive host (cyprinus carpio) at 15-16 degrees c. juvenile, maturing, adult and gravid tapeworms were found 2-12, 19-24, 36-62, and 78-91 days post infection, respectively. no apparent size difference between tapeworms from carp kept at 20-22 degrees c, examined 1-16 days post infection, and those from 15-16 degrees c was observed. in nat ...	1991	1808032
5 alpha-pregnane-3 beta, 7 alpha, 17,20 alpha- and -20 beta-tetrols as metabolites of progesterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone in carp (cyprinus carpio) ovarian incubations.		1991	1808020
in vitro study on the impact of fish sera on the survival and fine structure of the eel-pathogenic acanthocephalan paratenuisentis ambiguus.	the effects of fish sera on the growth and fine structure of infective larvae of the eel-pathogenic acanthocephalan paratenuisentis ambiguus (eoacanthocephala: tenuisentidae) were studied under in vitro conditions using sera from the final host anguilla anguilla and from two accidental fish hosts as well as fetal calf serum. as controls larvae were also kept in medium in the absence of serum and in experimentally infected eels. sera from the accidental fish hosts carp and rainbow trout exerted t ...	1991	1805215
the role of tubificid worms as an intermediate host in the life cycle of myxobolus pavlovskii (akhmerov, 1954).	myxobolus pavlovskii from the gills of silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix) were used in attempts to transmit the infection under laboratory conditions. spores of m. pavlovskii were placed in aquaria that contained sterilized sand and had been filled with tap water at 15-16 degrees c. furthermore, oligochaetes (90% tubifex tubifex) were added and examined by wet mounts and histology. hexactinomyxon spores developed after about 3 months only in t. tubifex that had been exposed to m. pavlovsk ...	1991	1805209
conductance-decreasing synaptic mechanisms mediating cone input to h1 horizontal cells in carp retina.		1991	1798613
dendritic contacts between neighboring homologous amacrine cells in carp retina.		1991	1798608
effect of proteases on the activity of enolase from muscle of carp (cyprinus carpio) and pig.	the treatment of enolase from pig and carp (cyprinus carpio) with proteases resulted in a decrease of enzymatic activity, which depended on the kind of protease used. the most active were trypsin and subtilisin. substrate and magnesium ions protected enolase against inactivation. the enolase from pig muscle was much more resistant to protease action than this enzyme from carp muscle. some differences in the structure between the two enolases are suggested.	1991	1796695
neuropeptide y stimulates in vivo gonadotropin secretion in teleost fish.	the effects of the neuropeptide y (npy), alone or in combination with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue, d-ala6-desgly10-pro9-net lhrh (lhrha), have been studied on the in vivo secretion of the maturational gonadotropin (gth2) in the rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss and the common carp cyprinus carpio. depending on the species, two routes of administration were used: in trout, intraperitoneal injection (20 micrograms/kg body wt); in carp, direct infusion (3 micrograms/kg body wt) into t ...	1991	1783272
effects of 17 beta-estradiol and carp gonadotropin on vitellogenesis in normal and hypophysectomized european silver female eel (anguilla anguilla l.) employing a homologous radioimmunoassay for vitellogenin.	the european silver eels are at the early stages of vitellogenesis before the marine reproductive migration. vitellogenesis was induced by 17 beta-estradiol (e2) alone and by a purified carp gonadotropin (cgth). we studied and compared their effects on plasma vitellogenin (vg) levels and ovarian yolk contents in female normal (n) and hypophysectomized (h) eels for both treatments. to this purpose an homologous radioimmunoassay (ria) was established. eel vg was purified to homogeneity on 0.1% sds ...	1991	1783271
biosynthesis of 17 alpha,20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one in the ovaries of grey mullet (mugil cephalus) during induced ovulation by carp pituitary homogenates and an lhrh analogue.	three female mullets received a priming injection of carp pituitary homogenate followed by a resolving injection of an lhrh analogue 24 hr later. ovarian biopsies were obtained just prior to the first injection (phase i), 24 hr after the first injection (i.e., immediately before the second injection, phase ii), and 8 hr after the second injection (phase iii). two fish (nos. 1 and 3) spawned approximately 12 hr after the second injection. serum levels of testosterone increased to some extent duri ...	2001	1783267
numbers of myosatellite cells in white axial muscle of growing fish: cyprinus carpio l. (teleostei).	by means of transmission electron microscopy (tem), the percentage of myosatellite cells was shown to decrease from about 6% in carp of 5 cm standard length (sl) to less than 1% in carp larger than 18 cm sl. the ratio between muscle nuclei and non muscle nuclei remained constant. these tem data, combined with data on the amount of dna per gram of muscle tissue and per nucleus, were used to calculate the numbers of myosatellite cells per gram of tissue (tem-dna method). total numbers of myosatell ...	1991	1781451
investigations into the effects of concentration and duration of exposure to formalin and malachite green on the survival of the larvae and juveniles of the common carp cyprinus carpio l. and the sharptooth catfish clarias gariepinus (burchell).	prophylactic dip treatments using formalin and malachite green were applied to 4-day old larvae and 12- and 20-day old juveniles of the european common carp, cyprinus carpio and the african sharptooth catfish, clarias gariepinus. treatments consisted of 100 mg/l malachite green for exposure periods of 10, 30 or 90 s and 200 mg/l formalin, administered for 30, 60 or 90 min. larvae and juveniles of c. gariepinus could be treated with 100 mg/l malachite green for 10 s, or with 200 mg/l formalin for ...	1991	1780124
treatment of cyprinus carpio l. and clarias gariepinus (burchell) embryos with formalin and malachite green: effect of concentration and length of treatment on their survival.	malachite green and formalin were investigated as prophylactic dip treatments for developing embryos of cyprinus carpio and clarias gariepinus. based on the findings, recommendations are made on the respective concentrations to be used and exposure periods to be followed for both formalin and malachite green for both fish species.	1991	1780123
physicochemical characterization of industrial effluents and their effect on fish survival.	water samples taken from selected industrial drainages and receiving streams in and around islamabad, pakistan, during the summers of 1987 to 1990 showed disturbances in ph and low oxygen levels. selected metals (fe, pb, zn, cd, cu, ni, hg) were higher in all effluents than in receiving waters. static bioassays of the undiluted industrial effluents from three sites caused 100% mortality in carp during the first 24 hrs. fishes also suffered 30 to 60% mortality when exposed to other undiluted indu ...	1991	1779125
nutrition of aquaculture species.	dietary requirements for amino acids and fatty acids have been reported for channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus), salmonids (oncorhynchus spp.), common carp (cyprinus carpio), tilapias (oreochromis spp.), and eel (anguilla japonicus). most of the vitamin and mineral requirements are available for channel catfish and salmonids, and some are available for common carp, tilapia, eel, and other finfish and crustaceans. from this available information, cost-effective feeds can be formulated for the m ...	1991	1778835
double mixing stopped-flow method for the study of equilibria and kinetics of dimer-tetramer association of hemoglobins: studies on hb carp, hb a, and hb rothschild.	a double mixing stopped-flow method is described for studying the dimer-tetramer equilibria of oxyhemoglobins and the kinetics of association of unliganded dimers. the three hemoglobins studied were: hb carp, hb a, and hb rothschild (trp beta 37 (c3)----arg). the new method reproduces the data obtained for oxyhb a by other established methods. in agreement with previous studies, the new method indicates little, if any, dissociation of oxyhb carp into dimers even in 2 m urea solutions (0.1 m bis- ...	1991	1776671
purification and characterization of a calsequestrin-like calcium-binding protein from carp (cyprinus carpio) sarcoplasmic reticulum.	1. a calsequestrin-like calcium-binding protein was purified from carp sarcoplasmic reticulum by column chromatographies using deae-cellulose and butyl-toyopearl 650s. 2. the mol. wt was estimated to be 50 kda, which was larger than that of rabbit calsequestrin (42 kda). 3. carp calsequestrin-like protein bound ca2+ with a higher affinity (apparent kd = 400 microm) and lower capacity (25 mol/mol) compared with rabbit calsequestrin (1 mm and 40-50 mol/mol, respectively). 4. anti-carp calsequestri ...	1991	1769203
scale and bone type i collagens of carp (cyprinus carpio).	1. soluble type i collagens were isolated from the scale and bone (skull) of lathyritic carp. each tissue collagen was assumed to consist of two different molecular forms, (alpha 1)2 alpha 2 as a main component and alpha 1 alpha 2 alpha 3 as a minor one. 2. the possible coexistence of these two forms in soluble type i collagen of carp was previously observed for skin and muscle, but not for the swim bladder in which only the form of (alpha 1)2 alpha 2 was found. 3. these composite results sugges ...	2006	1764927
biochemical alterations in fish fingerlings (cyprinus carpio) exposed to sublethal concentration of linear alkyl benzene sulphonate.	fish fingerlings (cyprinus carpio) were exposed to sublethal concentrations of linear alkyl benzene sulphonate (0.005 ppm) for 24, 48, and 96 h under static laboratory conditions. alterations were noted in the levels of glycogen, lactic acid, sialic acid, and acid and alkaline phosphatases in the gill, liver, and kidney. this chemical may impair metabolic processes in fingerling carp, because increased exposure resulted in significant increases in lactic acid and decreases in glycogen and sialic ...	1991	1759846
the use of the carp retina in neurobiology: its uniqueness and application for neural network analyses of the inner retina.		1991	1758963
importance of the carg box in regulation of beta-actin-encoding genes.	the beta-actin-encoding gene (act) in carp is regulated by several cis-acting regulatory elements including the evolutionarily conserved cc(a/t)6gg (carg box or serum-response element) sequences positioned in the promoter region between the caat and tata boxes and in the first intron. to address the roles of the two carg boxes on gene expression, we replaced them with linker sequences. the carg box in the proximal promoter was not required for promoter activity in tissue-cultured cells, but was ...	1991	1748307
[the effect of the accident at the chernobyl atomic electric power station in 1986 on the fish population of a cooling pond].	the cytogenetic analysis of cyprinus carpio eyes, developing blicca bjoerkna l. eggs, and eggs and larvae of hypophtalmichthys molitrix val. has demonstrated that the yield of cells with chromosome aberrations in the fish species under study is normal, while the level of variability of morphometric indices in offspring is considerably higher than that in parent fish.	2006	1745759
purification and characterization of maturation-promoting factor in fish.	maturation-promoting factor (mpf) activity has been demonstrated for the first time in fish oocytes. we purified mpf from a 100,000g supernatant of crushed, naturally spawned carp oocytes using four chromatography columns: q-sepharose fast-flow, p13suc1-affinity sepharose, mono s, and superose 12. the final preparation was purified over 1000-fold with a recovery of about 1%. on superose 12, mpf eluted as a single peak with an apparent molecular weight of 100 kda. sds-page analysis of the active ...	1992	1728595
voltage clamp study of electrophysiologically-identified horizontal cells in carp retina.	passive membrane properties and electromotive force of light modulated currents of l-, r/g-type and rod-driven horizontal cells were studied by voltage-clamp using double-barrelled micro-electrodes whilst perfusing with 5 microm dopamine to uncouple the gap junctions. input impedances of horizontal cells in darkness were 31 +/- 1.4 m omega (mean +/- se, n = 63); the resting potentials were -37 +/- 1.3 mv. current-voltage relationships had regions of both inward and outward rectification and a re ...	1991	1726897
epitopes of the plasmodium falciparum clustered-asparagine-rich protein (carp) recognized by human t-cells and antibodies.	linear b- and t-cell epitopes have been identified in the plasmodium falciparum clustered-asparagine-rich-protein (carp). twenty-six synthetic peptides, 15-25 amino acids in length, were assayed for their ability to stimulate purified, human t-cells primed to p.falciparum by natural infection to proliferate and/or secrete gamma-interferon (ifn gamma). the plasma of malaria exposed individuals were tested for antibody reactivity with peptides coupled to bovine serum albumin in a semiquantitative ...	1991	1725821
immunoreactive endothelin in plasma of nonmammalian vertebrates.	immunoreactive endothelin (ir-et) was estimated in plasma of nonmammalian vertebrates, using radioimmunoassay (ria) for endothelin-1 (et-1). blood samples were collected from unanesthetized animals. plasma et was determined by ria after extraction. plasma levels of ir-et were 0.7 +/- 0.2 pg/ml (n = 6) in the hagfish eptatretus burgeri, 4.3 +/- 0.9 pg/ml (n = 5) in the banded dogfish triakis scyllia, 3.6 +/- 0.8 pg/ml (n = 3) in the common japanese conger conger myriaster, 9.6 +/- 1.4 pg/ml (n = ...	1991	1725396
biocytin: intracellular staining, dye-coupling and immunocytochemistry in carp retina.	correlation of electrophysiological and morphological, including ultrastructural, characteristics of neurones is important for understanding the functional organization of neuronal systems. further correlation with neurotransmitter content is essential for determining the neurochemical(s) used by a given neurone for propagating its signal. the two main neuronal markers presently available (lucifer yellow and horseradish peroxidase) are not satisfactory for correlating all three aspects. we have ...	1991	1724386
glial fibrillary acidic protein in the fish optic nerve.	the intermediate filament glial fibrillary acidic protein (gfap) is the predominant cytoskeletal protein of mature glial cells in the mammalian nervous system. the nervous systems of lower vertebrates, such as fish, have been examined for the presence of gfap and several investigators have shown that goldfish (carassius auratus) brain contains gfap-positive astrocytes. the same studies have demonstrated that, in contrast to the brain, the optic nerve of goldfish did not show any gfap immunoreact ...	1991	1718861