Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| bacterial morphology: why have different shapes? | the fact that bacteria have different shapes is not surprising; after all, we teach the concept early and often and use it in identification and classification. however, why bacteria should have a particular shape is a question that receives much less attention. the answer is that morphology is just another way microorganisms cope with their environment, another tool for gaining a competitive advantage. recent work has established that bacterial morphology has an evolutionary history and has hig ... | 2007 | 17981076 |
| campylobacter jejuni in the red squirrel (sciurus vulgaris) population of southern italy. | rectal swab samples were collected from 60 red squirrels (sciurus vulgaris) from july 2006 to april 2007 in southern italy. samples were tested for campylobacter jejuni and c. coli by culture methods and suspected colonies were then confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. c. jejuni was detected in 5/60 (8.3%) samples examined but infection status was not related to age or sex and c. coli was not isolated. this is believed to be the first report of c. jejuni infection in the red squirrel. | 2009 | 17980635 |
| proteomic analyses of a robust versus a poor chicken gastrointestinal colonizing isolate of campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter spp. are a significant contributor to the bacterial etiology of acute gastroenteritis in humans. epidemiological evidence implicates poultry as a major source of the organism for human illness. however, the factors involved in colonization of poultry with campylobacter spp. remain unclear. determining colonization-associated factors at the proteome level should facilitate our understanding of campylobacter spp. contamination of poultry. therefore, proteomic analyses were utilized t ... | 2007 | 17973442 |
| the cytoplasmic phosphoproteome of the gram-negative bacterium campylobacter jejuni: evidence for modification by unidentified protein kinases. | we have undertaken a comprehensive analysis of cytoplasmic protein phosphorylation in campylobacter jejuni by mass spectrometric identification of phosphoproteins and localization of the sites of modification by phosphopeptide analyses. cell extracts, enriched for phosphoproteins using fe(iii) imac or commercial phosphoprotein purification kits, were analyzed by 1-d and 2-d sds-page and subjected to mass fingerprinting by in-gel tryptic digestion and maldi-tof ms. fifty-eight phosphopeptides wer ... | 2007 | 17973292 |
| development of a multiplex pcr assay for identification of campylobacter coli, campylobacter fetus, campylobacter hyointestinalis subsp. hyointestinalis, campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter lari and campylobacter upsaliensis. | a multiplex pcr assay has been developed for the identification of the six common campylobacter taxa associated with human gastroenteritis and/or septicaemia, namely campylobacter coli, campylobacter fetus, campylobacter hyointestinalis subsp. hyointestinalis, campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter lari and campylobacter upsaliensis. the assay was developed using a combination of newly designed and published primers. it provided a specific pcr product for each of the five campylobacter species and ... | 2007 | 17965346 |
| riboflavin biosynthesis is associated with assimilatory ferric reduction and iron acquisition by campylobacter jejuni. | one of the pathways involved in the acquisition of the essential metal iron by bacteria involves the reduction of insoluble fe(3+) to soluble fe(2+), followed by transport of fe(2+) to the cytoplasm. flavins have been implicated as electron donors in this poorly understood process. ferrous iron uptake is essential for intestinal colonization by the important pathogen campylobacter jejuni and may be of particular importance under low-oxygen conditions. in this study, the links among riboflavin bi ... | 2007 | 17965203 |
| impact of salinomycin on the intestinal microflora of broiler chickens. | the ionophoric coccidiostat salinomycin is widely used in chicken feed. in the near future the use of ionophore coccidiostats may be banned as has been the case for other antimicrobial growth promoters. this study was conducted to examine the effect of salinomycin on campylobacter jejuni infection and on the composition of the caecal microflora in broiler chickens. | 2007 | 17963485 |
| excess salmonellosis in women in the united states: 1968-2000. | we describe recent epidemiological changes in salmonellosis. linking 1968-2000 national salmonella surveillance system to census data, we calculated population-based age- and sex-stratified rates of non-urinary salmonellosis for the top 30 non-typhoidal serotypes. using 1996-1997, 1998-1999, and 2000-2001 population-based foodnet surveys, we compared reported diarrhoea, medical visits, and stool cultures. despite an overall female-to-male incidence rate ratio (fmrr) of 0.99, the sex-specific bur ... | 2008 | 17961280 |
| excess salmonellosis in women in the united states: 1968-2000. | we describe recent epidemiological changes in salmonellosis. linking 1968-2000 national salmonella surveillance system to census data, we calculated population-based age- and sex-stratified rates of non-urinary salmonellosis for the top 30 non-typhoidal serotypes. using 1996-1997, 1998-1999, and 2000-2001 population-based foodnet surveys, we compared reported diarrhoea, medical visits, and stool cultures. despite an overall female-to-male incidence rate ratio (fmrr) of 0.99, the sex-specific bur ... | 2008 | 17961280 |
| the structure of mycobacteria 2c-methyl-d-erythritol-2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase, an essential enzyme, provides a platform for drug discovery. | the prevalence of tuberculosis, the prolonged and expensive treatment that this disease requires and an increase in drug resistance indicate an urgent need for new treatments. the 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate pathway of isoprenoid precursor biosynthesis is an attractive chemotherapeutic target because it occurs in many pathogens, including mycobacterium tuberculosis, and is absent from humans. to underpin future drug development it is important to assess which enzymes in this biosynthetic path ... | 2007 | 17956607 |
| campylobacter jejuni cst-ii polymorphisms and association with development of guillain-barré syndrome. | 2007 | 17954791 | |
| a case of acute papillary muscle rupture in a child with campylobacter enteritis and citrullinaemia. | we report a case of acute papillary muscle rupture associated with intercurrent campylobacter jejuni gastroenteritis in a child with a diagnosis of citrullinaemia, requiring urgent mitral valve replacement. | 2007 | 17952406 |
| survival of indicator and pathogenic bacteria in bovine feces on pasture. | the survival of enteric bacteria was measured in bovine feces on pasture. in each season, 11 cow pats were prepared from a mixture of fresh dairy cattle feces and sampled for up to 150 days. four pats were analyzed for escherichia coli, fecal streptococci, and enterococci, and four inoculated pats were analyzed for campylobacter jejuni and salmonella enterica. two pats were placed on drainage collectors, and another pat was fitted with a temperature probe. in the first 1 to 3 weeks, there were i ... | 2007 | 17951435 |
| crystal structure of the transcriptional regulator acrr from escherichia coli. | the acrab multidrug efflux pump, which belongs to the resistance nodulation division (rnd) family, recognizes and extrudes a wide range of antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents and causes the intrinsic antibiotic resistance in escherichia coli. the expression of acrab is controlled by the transcriptional regulator acrr, whose open reading frame is located 141 bp upstream of the acrab operon. to understand the structural basis of acrr regulation, we have determined the crystal structure of acrr ... | 2007 | 17950313 |
| characterization of campylobacter phages including analysis of host range by selected campylobacter penner serotypes. | the predominant food borne pathogen in the western world today is campylobacter. campylobacter specific bacteriophages (phages) have been proposed as an alternative agent for reducing the burden of campylobacter in broilers. one concern in relation to phage biocontrol is the narrow host range often displayed by phages. to identify the potential of phages as a campylobacter reducing agent we needed to determine their infectivity on a panel of isolates representing the campylobacter strains found ... | 2007 | 17945022 |
| bacteriome.org--an integrated protein interaction database for e. coli. | high throughput methods are increasingly being used to examine the functions and interactions of gene products on a genome-scale. these include systematic large-scale proteomic studies of protein complexes and protein-protein interaction networks, functional genomic studies examining patterns of gene expression and comparative genomics studies examining patterns of conservation. since these datasets offer different yet highly complementary perspectives on cell behavior it is expected that integr ... | 2008 | 17942431 |
| bacteriome.org--an integrated protein interaction database for e. coli. | high throughput methods are increasingly being used to examine the functions and interactions of gene products on a genome-scale. these include systematic large-scale proteomic studies of protein complexes and protein-protein interaction networks, functional genomic studies examining patterns of gene expression and comparative genomics studies examining patterns of conservation. since these datasets offer different yet highly complementary perspectives on cell behavior it is expected that integr ... | 2008 | 17942431 |
| a new rat model links two contemporary theories in irritable bowel syndrome. | two proposed hypotheses for irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) are acute gastroenteritis and bacterial overgrowth. we studied whether acute infection with campylobacter could precipitate bacterial overgrowth in a rat model in order to link the two hypotheses. | 2008 | 17934822 |
| identification of the most abundant lactobacillus species in the crop of 1- and 5-week-old broiler chickens. | bacteria from crops of 1- and 5-week-old broiler chickens fed with two brands (diets a and b) of wheat-based diets were isolated on lactobacillus-selective medium and identified (n = 300) based on partial 16s rrna gene sequence. the most abundant lactobacillus species were l. reuteri (33%), l. crispatus (18.7%), and l. salivarius (13.3%). regardless of farm and feed, l. reuteri was the most abundant species (p < 0.005) in the crops of the younger chickens. however, the amount of l. reuteri was s ... | 2007 | 17933935 |
| enumeration of viable listeria monocytogenes cells by real-time pcr with propidium monoazide and ethidium monoazide in the presence of dead cells. | propidium monoazide (pma) and ethidium monoazide were used for enumeration of viable listeria monocytogenes cells in the presence of dead cells. pma had no antimicrobial effect on l. monocytogenes. viable cell counts were linearly related to real-time pcr threshold cycle values for pma-treated cells from planktonic and biofilm sources over a 4-log range. | 2007 | 17933922 |
| contribution of conserved atp-dependent proteases of campylobacter jejuni to stress tolerance and virulence. | in prokaryotic cells the atp-dependent proteases lon and clpp (clp proteolytic subunit) are involved in the turnover of misfolded proteins and the degradation of regulatory proteins, and depending on the organism, these proteases contribute variably to stress tolerance. we constructed mutants in the lon and clpp genes of the food-borne human pathogen campylobacter jejuni and found that the growth of both mutants was impaired at high temperature, a condition known to increase the level of misfold ... | 2007 | 17933920 |
| an undecaprenyl phosphate-aminoarabinose flippase required for polymyxin resistance in escherichia coli. | modification of lipid a with the 4-amino-4-deoxy-l-arabinose (l-ara4n) moiety is required for resistance to polymyxin and cationic antimicrobial peptides in escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium. an operon of seven genes (designated pmrhfijklm in s. typhimurium), which is regulated by the pmra transcription factor and is also present in e. coli, is necessary for the maintenance of polymyxin resistance. we previously elucidated the roles of pmrhfijk in the biosynthesis and attachment of l-a ... | 2007 | 17928292 |
| shiga toxin-mediated hemolytic uremic syndrome: time to change the diagnostic paradigm? | hemolytic uremic syndrome (hus) is caused by enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) which possess genes encoding shiga toxin (stx), the major virulence factor, and adhesin intimin (eae). however, the frequency of stx-negative/eae-positive e. coli in stools of hus patients and the clinical significance of such strains are unknown. | 2007 | 17925872 |
| continuous spectrum of pharyngeal-cervical-brachial variant of guillain-barré syndrome. | pharyngeal-cervical-brachial weakness (pcb) is considered a variant of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs). because of its rarity, there have been no studies of large numbers of patients with pcb. | 2007 | 17923636 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis hmuy and hmur: further characterization of a novel mechanism of heme utilization. | porphyromonas gingivalis hmuy is a putative heme-binding lipoprotein associated with the outer membrane. it is part of an operon together with a gene encoding an outer-membrane hemin utilization receptor (hmur) and four uncharacterized genes. a similar operon organization was found in bacteroides fragilis and b. thetaiotaomicron, with the former containing an additional hmuy homologue encoded upstream of the hmur-like gene. in p. gingivalis cultured under heme-limited conditions, a approximately ... | 2008 | 17922109 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis hmuy and hmur: further characterization of a novel mechanism of heme utilization. | porphyromonas gingivalis hmuy is a putative heme-binding lipoprotein associated with the outer membrane. it is part of an operon together with a gene encoding an outer-membrane hemin utilization receptor (hmur) and four uncharacterized genes. a similar operon organization was found in bacteroides fragilis and b. thetaiotaomicron, with the former containing an additional hmuy homologue encoded upstream of the hmur-like gene. in p. gingivalis cultured under heme-limited conditions, a approximately ... | 2008 | 17922109 |
| characterization of the mycobacterium tuberculosis 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-c-methyl-d-erythritol synthase: potential for drug development. | mycobacterium tuberculosis utilizes the methylerythritol phosphate (mep) pathway for biosynthesis of isopentenyl diphosphate and its isomer, dimethylallyl diphosphate, precursors of all isoprenoid compounds. this pathway is of interest as a source of new drug targets, as it is absent from humans and disruption of the responsible genes has shown a lethal phenotype for escherichia coli. in the mep pathway, 4-diphosphocytidyl-2-c-methyl-d-erythritol is formed from 2-c-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphat ... | 2007 | 17921290 |
| evolution and functional characterization of the rh50 gene from the ammonia-oxidizing bacterium nitrosomonas europaea. | the family of ammonia and ammonium channel proteins comprises the amt proteins, which are present in all three domains of life with the notable exception of vertebrates, and the homologous rh proteins (rh50 and rh30) that have been described thus far only in eukaryotes. the existence of an rh50 gene in bacteria was first revealed by the genome sequencing of the ammonia-oxidizing bacterium nitrosomonas europaea. here we have used a phylogenetic approach to study the evolution of the n. europaea r ... | 2007 | 17921289 |
| epidemiology, relative invasive ability, molecular characterization, and competitive performance of campylobacter jejuni strains in the chicken gut. | one hundred forty-one campylobacter jejuni isolates from humans with diarrhea and 100 isolates from retailed poultry meat were differentiated by flaa typing. the bacteria were isolated in a specific geographical area (dunedin) in new zealand over a common time period. twenty nine flaa types were detected, one of which (flaa restriction fragment length polymorphism type 15 [flaa-15]) predominated among isolates from humans ( approximately 30% of isolates). this strain was of low prevalence (5% of ... | 2007 | 17921281 |
| bis-methionyl coordination in the crystal structure of the heme-binding domain of the streptococcal cell surface protein shp. | surface proteins shr, shp, and the atp-binding cassette (abc) transporter htsabc are believed to make up the machinery for heme uptake in streptococcus pyogenes. shp transfers its heme to htsa, the lipoprotein component of htsabc, providing the only experimentally demonstrated example of direct heme transfer from a surface protein to an abc transporter in gram-positive bacteria. to understand the structural basis of heme transfer in this system, the heme-binding domain of shp (shp(180)) was crys ... | 2007 | 17920629 |
| campylobacter flagella: not just for motility. | campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are among the major causes of diarrheal disease worldwide. the motility imparted by the polar flagella of these pathogens is required for colonization of the mucus lining of the gastrointestinal tract. however, recent studies have revealed a more complex role for flagella in campylobacter pathogenesis that includes the ability to secrete non-flagellar proteins that modulate virulence and the co-regulation of secreted and non-secreted virulence factors ... | 2007 | 17920274 |
| campylobacter jejuni infection increases anxiety-like behavior in the holeboard: possible anatomical substrates for viscerosensory modulation of exploratory behavior. | the presence of certain bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract influences behavior and brain function. for example, challenge with live campylobacter jejuni (c. jejuni), a common food-born pathogen, reduces exploration of open arms of the plus maze, consistent with anxiety-like behavior, and activates brain regions associated with autonomic function, likely via a vagal pathway. as yet, however, little is known regarding the interface of immune sensory signals with brain substrates that mediate c ... | 2008 | 17920243 |
| comparative genomic analysis of campylobacter jejuni associated with guillain-barré and miller fisher syndromes: neuropathogenic and enteritis-associated isolates can share high levels of genomic similarity. | campylobacter jejuni infection represents the most frequent antecedent infection triggering the onset of the neuropathic disorders guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) and miller fisher syndrome (mfs). although sialylated ganglioside-mimicking lipo-oligosaccharide (los) structures are the strongest neuropathogenic determinants in c. jejuni, they do not appear to be the only requirement for a neuropathic outcome since strains capable of their production have been isolated from patients with uncomplicate ... | 2007 | 17919333 |
| spontaneous mutation frequency and emergence of ciprofloxacin resistance in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | we analysed the contribution of spontaneous mutation frequency to the evolution of ciprofloxacin resistance and the diversity of mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region (qrdr) of gyra and in the intergenic region, cmer-cmea, of the cmeabc efflux pump in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. | 2007 | 17911389 |
| comparative genomic analysis of tropheryma whipplei strains reveals that diversity among clinical isolates is mainly related to the wisp proteins. | the aim of this study was to analyze the genomic diversity of several tropheryma whipplei strains by microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization. fifteen clinical isolates originating from biopsy samples recovered from different countries were compared with the t. whipplei twist strain. for each isolate, the genes were defined as either present or absent/divergent using the gack analysis software. genomic changes were then further characterized by pcr and sequencing. | 2007 | 17910761 |
| rapid construction of campylobacter jejuni deletion mutants. | to develop a novel method for rapid construction of campylobacter jejuni deletion mutants. | 2007 | 17908230 |
| predictive model for inactivation of campylobacter spp. by heat and high hydrostatic pressure. | campylobacter represents one of the leading causes of foodborne enteritis. poultry and its products frequently transmit the pathogen. the objective of the present study was to model predictively the short-term inactivation of campylobacter in a ready-to-eat poultry product to develop an economic high-pressure treatment. we inactivated baroresistant strains of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli, grown to stationary phase on nutrient agar and inoculated in poultry meat slurry, by heat and ... | 2007 | 17900078 |
| quantification and differentiation of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in raw chicken meats using a real-time pcr method. | campylobacter species are one of the most common causes of bacterial diarrhea in humans worldwide. the consumption of foods contaminated with two campylobacter species, c. jejuni and c. coli, is usually associated with most of the infections in humans. in this study, a rapid, reliable, and sensitive multiplex real-time quantitative pcr was developed for the simultaneous detection, identification, and quantification of c. jejuni and c. coli. in addition, the developed method was applied to the 50 ... | 2007 | 17900077 |
| invasive capabilities of campylobacter jejuni strains isolated in bahrain: molecular and phenotypic characterization. | the association between putative virulence genes in campylobacter jejuni clinical isolates, in vitro invasive capability and severity of infection is yet to be clearly described. we have characterized three virulence genes and correlated their presence with the severity of infection and in vitro invasiveness. we studied eight c. jejuni strains isolated from patients whose clinical data were scored to determine severity of infection. cytolethal distending toxin (cdtb), invasion associated marker ... | 2007 | 17899793 |
| comparison of multiple dna dyes for real-time pcr: effects of dye concentration and sequence composition on dna amplification and melting temperature. | the importance of real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) has increased steadily in clinical applications over the last decade. many applications utilize sybr green i dye to follow the accumulation of amplicons in real time. sybr green i has, however, a number of limitations that include the inhibition of pcr, preferential binding to gc-rich sequences and effects on melting curve analysis. although a few alternative dyes without some of these limitations have been recently proposed, no large-s ... | 2007 | 17897966 |
| prevalence and strain diversity of thermophilic campylobacters in cattle, sheep and swine farms. | to determine prevalence and strain diversity of thermophilic campylobacters in healthy ruminants and swine. | 2007 | 17897201 |
| evaluation of a cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) gene-based species-specific multiplex pcr assay for the identification of campylobacter strains isolated from poultry in thailand. | we have recently developed a cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) gene-based species-specific multiplex pcr assay for identifying campylobacter jejuni, c. coli and c. fetus. in the present study, the applicability of this assay was evaluated with 34 campylobacter-like organisms isolated from poultry in thailand for species identification and was compared with other assays including api campy, 16s rrna gene sequence, and hippuricase (hipo) gene detection. of the 34 strains analyzed, 20, 10 and 1 wer ... | 2007 | 17895609 |
| cmp-pseudaminic acid is a natural potent inhibitor of pseb, the first enzyme of the pseudaminic acid pathway in campylobacter jejuni and helicobacter pylori. | 2008 | 17893902 | |
| multiplex pcr for direct identification of campylobacter spp. in human and chicken stools. | differentiation between campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli is problematic in clinical specimens due to fastidious growth requirements and limited biochemical tests. this study describes a rapid, multiplex pcr protocol for the direct detection and differentiation of c. jejuni and c. coli in stools. an evaluation was carried out of this multiplex protocol based on the detection of cadf (genus specific), and hipo (c. jejuni) and asp (c. coli) genes, using stool from patients with campyloba ... | 2007 | 17893173 |
| virulence properties of campylobacter jejuni isolates of poultry and human origin. | campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading causes of food-borne gastroenteritis. because of the high prevalence of c. jejuni in poultry, poultry meat is considered a major source of c. jejuni infections for humans. however, it is not known whether all poultry-associated c. jejuni strains are capable of causing disease in humans. four different virulence properties of c. jejuni strains were compared between 20 poultry isolates and 24 human isolates. strains were chosen based on their pfge pattern ... | 2007 | 17893162 |
| real-time quantitative pcr measurement of ileal lactobacillus salivarius populations from broiler chickens to determine the influence of farming practices. | a real-time quantitative pcr assay targeting a 16s-23s intergenic spacer region sequence was devised to measure the sizes of populations of lactobacillus salivarius present in ileal digesta collected from broiler chickens. this species has been associated with deconjugation of bile salts in the small bowel and reduced broiler productivity. the assay was tested as a means of monitoring the sizes of l. salivarius populations from broilers fed diets with different compositions, maintained at differ ... | 2007 | 17890342 |
| multiplex assay based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms for rapid identification of brucella isolates at the species level. | the genus brucella includes a number of species that are major animal pathogens worldwide and significant causes of zoonotic infections of humans. traditional methods of identifying brucella to the species level can be time-consuming, can be subjective, and can pose a hazard to laboratory personnel in the absence of suitable biocontainment facilities. using a robust phylogenetic framework, a number of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) that define particular species within the genus were ide ... | 2007 | 17890328 |
| functional characterization of bacterial oligosaccharyltransferases involved in o-linked protein glycosylation. | protein glycosylation is an important posttranslational modification that occurs in all domains of life. pilins, the structural components of type iv pili, are o glycosylated in neisseria meningitidis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, and some strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa. in this work, we characterized the p. aeruginosa 1244 and n. meningitidis mc58 o glycosylation systems in escherichia coli. in both cases, sugars are transferred en bloc by an oligosaccharyltransferase (otase) named pgll in n. meni ... | 2007 | 17890310 |
| oxygen requirement and tolerance of campylobacter jejuni. | the pathogen campylobacter jejuni is considered a microaerophile yet has been shown to grow in vitro in atmospheres with partial oxygen tension of 21%. to achieve a better understanding of its microaerophily, the oxygen requirement and tolerance of four c. jejuni strains were investigated by measuring their growth under different conditions, by performing bioinformatic analyses and by determining their metronidazole resistance. at high cell densities, c. jejuni showed similar growth under microa ... | 2007 | 17890061 |
| fla-dgge analysis of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in cecal samples of broilers without cultivation. | in a commercial broiler flock during rearing multiple genotypes of campylobacter jejuni may be present as well as in gastrointestinal tracts of individual birds. the aim of this study was to optimize and apply a denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis assay of the flagellin gene (fla-dgge) for analysis of c. jejuni and campylobacter coli in cecal samples of broilers without prior cultivation. one c. coli and 21 c. jejuni strains isolated from broiler flocks, of which 14 typed as unique by restri ... | 2008 | 17890022 |
| mechanisms of erythromycin resistance of campylobacter spp. isolated from food, animals and humans. | macrolides are regarded as drugs of choice for treatment of human campylobacteriosis. the use of antimicrobials for this purpose as well as in food animal production could result in macrolide resistance in campylobacter species. campylobacter isolates exhibit two different phenotypes with regard to erythromycin resistance: high-level resistance (hlr) and low-level resistance (llr). thirty-six food/animal and human isolates of campylobacter jejuni and c. coli were examined for their mechanisms of ... | 2007 | 17889390 |
| is the incidence of perimyocarditis increased following campylobacter jejuni infection? | preliminary case reports have suggested an association between campylobacter jejuni infection and occurrence of perimyocarditis. in the present study we analysed the incidence of perimyocarditis requiring hospitalization in a danish cohort of 6,204 patients with campylobacter-positive stool cultures and compared it to the incidence in a matched control cohort comprising 62,040 subjects. we found no cases of pericarditis in the campylobacter population and an incidence rate of 3.2 [95% confidence ... | 2007 | 17885773 |
| molecular phylogeny of the flaa short variable region among campylobacter jejuni isolates collected during an annual evaluation of poultry flocks in the southeastern united states. | production and processing samples were collected from eight commercial poultry flocks in the southeastern united states and examined for the presence of campylobacter spp. in an effort to determine relatedness, recovered isolates were typed using flaa short variable region (svr) dna sequence analysis. six of the eight production flocks tested were campylobacter positive. in general, multiple campylobacter flaa svr types were present within a flock. additionally, types found within a flock were a ... | 2007 | 17883317 |
| colonization of broilers by campylobacter jejuni internalized within acanthamoeba castellanii. | although campylobacter survives within amoeba in-vitro, it is unknown if intra-amoeba campylobacter jejuni can colonize broilers. five groups of 28 day-of-hatch chicks were placed into separate isolators. groups (1) and (2) were challenged with page's amoeba saline (pas), and disinfected planktonic c. jejuni nctc 11168, respectively. groups (3), (4) and (5) were challenged with a c. jejuni positive control, c. jejuni in pas, and intra-amoeba c. jejuni, respectively. after 1, 3, 7 and 14 days pos ... | 2008 | 17882400 |
| sucrose metabolism contributes to in vivo fitness of streptococcus pneumoniae. | we characterized two sucrose-metabolizing systems -sus and scr- and describe their roles in the physiology and virulence of streptococcus pneumoniae in murine models of carriage and pneumonia. the sus and scr systems are regulated by laci family repressors susr and scrr respectively. susr regulates an adjacent abc transporter (sust1/sust2/susx) and sucrose-6-phosphate (s-6-p) hydrolase (sush). scrr controls an adjacent pts transporter (scrt), fructokinase (scrk) and second s-6-p hydrolase (scrh) ... | 2007 | 17880421 |
| sunlight inactivation of campylobacter jejuni and salmonella enterica, compared with escherichia coli, in seawater and river water. | the inactivation of campylobacter jejuni and salmonella enterica, compared with escherichia coli, was determined in 100 l chambers of seawater and river water located at an outdoor site. the chambers (paired with dark controls) were seeded with waste stabilization pond effluent and laboratory-cultured pathogens, and exposed to sunlight in summer and winter experiments. all sunlight inactivation (k(s)) rates, as a function of cumulative global solar radiation (insolation), were far higher than th ... | 2007 | 17878550 |
| a possible mechanism of macrolide resistance among multiple resistant campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated from thai children during 1991-2000. | a total of 495 campylobacterjejuni and 122 c. coli isolated from thai children were screened for macrolide (erythromycin and azithromycin) resistance by disk diffusion assay. minimum inhibitory concentrations for erythromycin, azithromycin, nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, streptomycin, gentamicin and chloramphenicol were further determined for these macrolide-resistant campylobacter isolates. presence of known point mutations resulting in reduced susceptibility to macrolides was inv ... | 2007 | 17877226 |
| chlamydiae and mycoplasma infections in pulmonary malt lymphoma. | chlamydia pneumoniae, chlamydia trachomatis and chlamydia psittaci were detected at low frequencies (<20%) among 69 pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (malt) lymphomas, 30 other lymphoproliferative disorders (lpd) and 44 non-lpd. the incidence of individual chlamydiae was generally higher in malt lymphoma than non-lpd, although not reaching statistical significance. mycoplasma pneumoniae dna was not detected. | 2007 | 17876330 |
| acanthamoeba-campylobacter coculture as a novel method for enrichment of campylobacter species. | in this study, we present a novel method to isolate and enrich low concentrations of campylobacter pathogens. this method, acanthamoeba-campylobacter coculture (acc), is based on the intracellular survival and multiplication of campylobacter species in the free-living protozoan acanthamoeba polyphaga. four of the campylobacter species relevant to humans and livestock, campylobacter jejuni, c. coli, c. lari, and c. hyointestinalis, were effectively enriched by the coculture method, with growth ra ... | 2007 | 17873069 |
| identification of a vibrio furnissii oligopeptide permease and characterization of its in vitro hemolytic activity. | we describe purification and characterization of an oligopeptide permease protein (hly-oppa) from vibrio furnissii that has multifaceted functions in solute binding, in in vitro hemolysis, in antibiotic resistance, and as a virulence factor in bacterial pathogenesis. the solute-binding function was revealed by n-terminal and internal peptide sequences of the purified protein and was confirmed by discernible effects on oligopeptide binding, by accumulation of fluorescent substrates, and by fluore ... | 2007 | 17873048 |
| the complete genome sequence of campylobacter jejuni strain 81116 (nctc11828). | campylobacter jejuni is a major human enteric pathogen that displays genetic variability via genomic reorganization and phase variation. this variability can adversely affect the outcomes and reproducibility of experiments. c. jejuni strain 81116 (nctc11828) has been suggested to be a genetically stable strain (g. manning, b. duim, t. wassenaar, j. a. wagenaar, a. ridley, and d. g. newell, appl. environ. microbiol. 67:1185-1189, 2001), is amenable to genetic manipulation, and is infective for ch ... | 2007 | 17873037 |
| expanding the diagnostic capabilities of molecular microbiology by genomic methods. | 2007 | 17872972 | |
| quorum sensing: fact, fiction, and everything in between. | 2007 | 17869606 | |
| the role of iron in mycobacterium smegmatis biofilm formation: the exochelin siderophore is essential in limiting iron conditions for biofilm formation but not for planktonic growth. | many species of mycobacteria form structured biofilm communities at liquid-air interfaces and on solid surfaces. full development of mycobacterium smegmatis biofilms requires addition of supplemental iron above 1 microm ferrous sulphate, although addition of iron is not needed for planktonic growth. microarray analysis of the m. smegmatis transcriptome shows that iron-responsive genes - especially those involved in siderophore synthesis and iron uptake - are strongly induced during biofilm forma ... | 2007 | 17854402 |
| prevalence of campylobacter jejuni and enteric bacterial pathogens among hospitalized hiv infected versus non-hiv infected patients with diarrhoea in southern india. | a prevalence study on campylobacter jejuni and other enteric bacterial pathogens was carried out in 200 hiv infected and 200 non-hiv infected subjects with diarrhoeal symptoms at an aids hospital in southern india. diarrhoeal specimens were inoculated onto standard culture media as well as onto columbia and campylobacter blood agar media for c. jejuni isolation. all the c. jejuni isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using kirby-bauer's method. a significant difference in recover ... | 2007 | 17852888 |
| [multi-pcr identification and virulence genes detection of campylobacter jejuni isolated from china]. | this study was to simultaneously identify campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates in china by multi-pcr assay and to study the prevalence of six virulence and toxin genes on them. | 2007 | 17850712 |
| campylobacter and bacterial gastroenteritis. | 2007 | 17846438 | |
| physiological ecology of stenoxybacter acetivorans, an obligate microaerophile in termite guts. | stenoxybacter acetivorans is a newly described, obligately microaerophilic beta-proteobacterium that is abundant in the acetate-rich hindgut of reticulitermes. here we tested the hypotheses that cells are located in the hypoxic, peripheral region of reticulitermes flavipes hindguts and use acetate to fuel their o(2)-consuming respiratory activity in situ. physical fractionation of r. flavipes guts, followed by limited-cycle pcr with s. acetivorans-specific 16s rrna gene primers, indicated that c ... | 2007 | 17827335 |
| impact of feed supplementation with antimicrobial agents on growth performance of broiler chickens, clostridium perfringens and enterococcus counts, and antibiotic resistance phenotypes and distribution of antimicrobial resistance determinants in escherichia coli isolates. | the effects of feed supplementation with the approved antimicrobial agents bambermycin, penicillin, salinomycin, and bacitracin or a combination of salinomycin plus bacitracin were evaluated for the incidence and distribution of antibiotic resistance in 197 commensal escherichia coli isolates from broiler chickens over 35 days. all isolates showed some degree of multiple antibiotic resistance. resistance to tetracycline (68.5%), amoxicillin (61.4%), ceftiofur (51.3%), spectinomycin (47.2%), and ... | 2007 | 17827305 |
| polyphosphate kinase 1 is a pathogenesis determinant in campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in the developed world. despite its prevalence, relatively little is known about c. jejuni's precise pathogenesis mechanisms, particularly in comparison to other well-studied enteric organisms such as escherichia coli and salmonella spp. altered expression of phosphate genes in a c. jejuni stringent response mutant, together with known correlations between the stringent response, polyphosphate (poly-p), and virulence in other ... | 2007 | 17827292 |
| gene expression of commensal lactobacillus johnsonii strain ncc533 during in vitro growth and in the murine gut. | work with pathogens like vibrio cholerae has shown major differences between genes expressed in bacteria grown in vitro and in vivo. to explore this subject for commensals, we investigated the transcription of the lactobacillus johnsonii ncc533 genome during in vitro and in vivo growth using the microarray technology. during broth growth, 537, 626, and 277 of the 1,756 tested genes were expressed during exponential phase, "adaptation" (early stationary phase), and stationary phase, respectively. ... | 2007 | 17827285 |
| species status of neisseria gonorrhoeae: evolutionary and epidemiological inferences from multilocus sequence typing. | various typing methods have been developed for neisseria gonorrhoeae, but none provide the combination of discrimination, reproducibility, portability, and genetic inference that allows the analysis of all aspects of the epidemiology of this pathogen from a single data set. multilocus sequence typing (mlst) has been used successfully to characterize the related organisms neisseria meningitidis and neisseria lactamica. here, the same seven locus neisseria scheme was used to characterize a diverse ... | 2007 | 17825091 |
| large granular intestinal lymphosarcoma and leukemia in a dog. | a rare, large granular lymphocyte (lgl) tumor causing a protein-losing enteropathy and thrombocytopenia was diagnosed in an irish wolfhound. the case had an aggressive clinical course, like most lgl tumors in humans. immunophenotyping suggested that the lgl tumor in this dog was derived from a natural-killer cell. | 2007 | 17824330 |
| acute sensory ataxic neuropathy with antibodies to gd1b and gq1b gangliosides and prompt recovery. | three patients developed acute pure sensory ataxic neuropathy. two of the three patients had a recent campylobacter jejuni infection. patient 1 had monospecific igg anti-gd1b. patients 2 and 3 had cross-reactive igg anti-gq1b and anti-gd1b and patient 2 also had igg anti-gt1a. motor nerve conduction studies were completely normal. sensory conductions showed reduced amplitude or absent sensory nerve action potentials with normal or slightly slowed conduction velocities. in patient 2, serial elect ... | 2008 | 17823951 |
| acute childhood diarrhoea in northern ghana: epidemiological, clinical and microbiological characteristics. | acute diarrhoea is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in sub-saharan africa. its microbiological causes and clinico-epidemiological aspects were examined during the dry season 2005/6 in tamale, urban northern ghana. | 2007 | 17822541 |
| alternative neisseria spp. type iv pilin glycosylation with a glyceramido acetamido trideoxyhexose residue. | the importance of protein glycosylation in the interaction of pathogenic bacteria with their host is becoming increasingly clear. neisseria meningitidis, the etiological agent of cerebrospinal meningitis, crosses cellular barriers after adhering to host cells through type iv pili. pilin glycosylation genes (pgl) are responsible for the glycosylation of pile, the major subunit of type iv pili, with the 2,4-diacetamido-2,4,6-trideoxyhexose residue. nearly half of the clinical isolates, however, di ... | 2007 | 17804791 |
| siderophore-based iron acquisition and pathogen control. | high-affinity iron acquisition is mediated by siderophore-dependent pathways in the majority of pathogenic and nonpathogenic bacteria and fungi. considerable progress has been made in characterizing and understanding mechanisms of siderophore synthesis, secretion, iron scavenging, and siderophore-delivered iron uptake and its release. the regulation of siderophore pathways reveals multilayer networks at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. due to the key role of many siderophores ... | 2007 | 17804665 |
| feasibility of a molecular screening method for detection of salmonella enterica and campylobacter jejuni in a routine community-based clinical microbiology laboratory. | conventional diagnostic methods for the detection of salmonella enterica and campylobacter jejuni are laborious and time-consuming procedures, resulting in final results, for the majority of specimens, only after 3 to 4 days. molecular detection can improve the time to reporting of the final results from several days to the next day. however, molecular assays for the detection of gastrointestinal pathogens directly from stool specimens have not made it into the routine clinical microbiology labo ... | 2007 | 17804656 |
| dna methods for identification of chinese medicinal materials. | as adulterated and substituted chinese medicinal materials are common in the market, therapeutic effectiveness of such materials cannot be guaranteed. identification at species-, strain- and locality-levels, therefore, is required for quality assurance/control of chinese medicine. this review provides an informative introduction to dna methods for authentication of chinese medicinal materials. technical features and examples of the methods based on sequencing, hybridization and polymerase chain ... | 2007 | 17803808 |
| dark matter in a deep-sea vent and in human mouth. | 2007 | 17803764 | |
| development of macrolide-resistant campylobacter in broilers administered subtherapeutic or therapeutic concentrations of tylosin. | the use of antimicrobials in food animal production, particularly those commonly used to treat infections in humans, has become a source of debate in recent years. however, limited data are available regarding the development of resistance following the subtherapeutic or therapeutic administration of antimicrobials in animal production. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the administration of therapeutic and subtherapeutic concentrations of tylosin on the erythromycin susc ... | 2007 | 17803155 |
| high level of antimicrobial resistance in campylobacter jejuni isolated from broiler chickens in estonia in 2005 and 2006. | the development of antimicrobial resistance in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli is a matter of increasing concern. because campylobacteriosis is transmitted to humans usually via food of animal origin, the presence of antimicrobial-resistant campylobacters in broiler chickens has important public health implications. the aim of our study was to analyze resistance patterns of c. jejuni isolated from fecal samples collected at a large estonian chicken farm, from cecal contents collected ... | 2007 | 17803154 |
| application of culture-independent methods to assess the bacteria removal efficiency of subsurface flow constructed wetlands. | the bacteriologic treatment efficiency of vertical and horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (sfcws) was analysed in two multistage wastewater treatment systems by culture dependent and independent methods. when assessed with standard cultivation procedures, bacteria removal efficiency of the vertical and horizontal sfcws was similar. however, microscopic enumerations of the wastewater bacteria after dna staining revealed a completely different removal pattern: bacteria removal efficie ... | 2007 | 17802858 |
| purification, crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction studies of the soluble domain of the oligosaccharyltransferase stt3 subunit from the thermophilic archaeon pyrococcus furiosus. | oligosaccharyltransferase catalyzes the transfer of preassembled oligosaccharides onto asparagine residues in nascent polypeptide chains. the stt3 subunit is thought to bear the catalytic site. the c-terminal domain of the stt3 protein of pyrococcus furiosus was expressed in escherichia coli cells. stt3 protein prepared from two different sources, the soluble fraction and the inclusion bodies, produced crystals that diffracted to 2.7 a. during crystallization screening, cocrystals of p. furiosus ... | 2007 | 17768359 |
| deletion of a previously uncharacterized flagellar-hook-length control gene flik modulates the sigma54-dependent regulon in campylobacter jejuni. | a previously unannotated, putative flik gene was identified in the campylobacter jejuni genome based on sequence analysis; deletion mutants in this gene had a 'polyhook' phenotype characteristic of flik mutants in other genera. the mutants greatly overexpressed the sigma(54)-dependent flagellar hook protein flge, to form unusual filamentous structures resembling straight flagella in addition to polyhooks. the genome sequence reveals only one gene predicted to encode an orthologue of the ntrc-fam ... | 2007 | 17768253 |
| strain-dependent induction of epithelial cell oncosis by campylobacter jejuni is correlated with invasion ability and is independent of cytolethal distending toxin. | induction of host cell death is thought to play an important role in bacterial pathogenesis. campylobacter jejuni is a prevalent cause of bacterial enteritis; however, its effects on enterocytes remain unclear. the present study indicates for the first time that c. jejuni induces oncotic, rather than apoptotic death of t84 enterocytes. c. jejuni-treated enterocytes exhibited extensive cytoplasmic vacuolation, rapid (3-6 h) loss of plasma membrane integrity ('cytotoxicity'), loss of mitochondrial ... | 2007 | 17768238 |
| the role of gene fusions in the evolution of metabolic pathways: the histidine biosynthesis case. | histidine biosynthesis is one of the best characterized anabolic pathways. there is a large body of genetic and biochemical information available, including operon structure, gene expression, and increasingly larger sequence databases. for over forty years this pathway has been the subject of extensive studies, mainly in escherichia coli and salmonella enterica, in both of which details of histidine biosynthesis appear to be identical. in these two enterobacteria the pathway is unbranched, inclu ... | 2007 | 17767732 |
| rela-dependent (p)ppgpp production controls exoenzyme synthesis in erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica. | in this report, we investigate the link between nutrient limitation, rela-mediated (p)ppgpp production, and virulence in the phytopathogen erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica. a rela null mutant (jwc7) was constructed by allelic exchange, and we confirmed that, unlike the wild-type progenitor, this mutant did not produce elevated levels of (p)ppgpp upon nutrient downshift. however, (p)ppgpp production could be restored in strain jwc7 during nutrient limitation by supplying rela in trans. durin ... | 2007 | 17766416 |
| variants of the beta 1,3-galactosyltransferase cgtb from the bacterium campylobacter jejuni have distinct acceptor specificities. | the gene clusters encoding the lipooligosaccharide biosynthesis glycosyltransferases from campylobacter jejuni have previously been divided in eight classes based on their genetic organization. here, three variants of the beta1,3-galactosyltransferase cgtb from two classes were purified as fusions with the maltose-binding protein (male) from escherichia coli and their acceptor preference was determined. the acceptor preference of each cgtb variant was directly related to the presence or absence ... | 2007 | 17766267 |
| the second century of campylobacter research: recent advances, new opportunities and old problems. | despite the prevalence of campylobacter jejuni and the importance of the disease, investigations into pathogenesis have been restricted because of the absence of a convenient animal model of disease. in particular it is still unclear how c. jejuni infection causes diarrhoea. | 2007 | 17762786 |
| influence of campylobacter jejuni flia, rpon and flgk genes on colonization of the chicken gut. | campylobacter jejuni, a commensal gram-negative motile bacterium commonly found in chickens is a frequent cause of human gastrointestinal infections. the polar flagellum of c. jejuni is an important virulence and colonization factor, providing motility to the cell as well as a type iii secretion function. the flagellar biosynthesis genes flia (sigma28) and rpon (sigma54) of c. jejuni regulate a large number of genes involved in motility, protein secretion and invasion, which have been shown to b ... | 2007 | 17761334 |
| a collaborative study on a nordic standard protocol for detection and enumeration of thermotolerant campylobacter in food (nmkl 119, 3. ed., 2007). | a nordic standard protocol for detection and enumeration of thermotolerant campylobacter in food has been elaborated (nmkl 119, 3. ed., 2007). performance and precision characteristics of this protocol were evaluated in a collaborative study with participation of 14 laboratories from seven european countries. the laboratories performed qualitative, semi-quantitative and quantitative analyses on samples of chicken meat, cut lettuce, and milk artificially inoculated with different concentrations i ... | 2007 | 17761333 |
| simultaneous quantification of sialyloligosaccharides from human milk by capillary electrophoresis. | the acidic oligosaccharides of human milk are predominantly sialyloligosaccharides. pathogens that bind sialic acid-containing glycans on their host mucosal surfaces may be inhibited by human milk sialyloligosaccharides, but testing this hypothesis requires their reliable quantification in milk. sialyloligosaccharides have been quantified by anion exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc), reverse- or normal-phase hplc, and capillary electrophoresis (ce) of fluorescent derivatives; ... | 2007 | 17761135 |
| infectious causation of chronic disease: examining the relationship between giardia lamblia infection and irritable bowel syndrome. | to evaluate whether a higher prevalence of giardia lamblia infection is associated with an increase in irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) prescriptions at the county level in michigan. | 2007 | 17729408 |
| can campylobacter jejuni play a role in development of celiac disease? a hypothesis. | celiac disease (cd) is an entropathy with malabsortive condition in which an allergic reaction to the cereal grain-protein (gluten) causes small intestine mucosal injury. cd is a multifactorial disorder in which both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the disease development. mechanisms have been described to explain the pathology of cd. t cells specific for multiple gluten peptides are found in virtually all patients. generation of such a broad t cell response may be a prerequisite ... | 2007 | 17729402 |
| microbiological evaluation of the new vitek 2 neisseria-haemophilus identification card. | vitek 2 is an automated identification system for diverse bacterial and fungal species. a new card (the neisseria-haemophilus [nh] card) for the identification of neisseria spp., haemophilus spp., and other fastidious gram-negative or gram-variable microorganisms has been developed, but its performance in a routine clinical laboratory has not yet been evaluated. in this study, a total of 188 bacterial strains belonging to the genera actinobacillus, campylobacter, capnocytophaga, cardiobacterium, ... | 2007 | 17728469 |
| [immune-pharmacology study on the immunoregulatory effects of dabuyin wan in autoimmune mice induced by campylobacter jejuni]. | to study the immunoregulatory effect of dabuyin wan (dbyw) on cytokines of ifn-gamma and il-4 and proliferation of t, b lymphocytes in autoimmune mice induced by campylobacter jejuni. | 2007 | 17727064 |
| contribution of exogenous genetic elements to the group a streptococcus metagenome. | variation in gene content among strains of a bacterial species contributes to biomedically relevant differences in phenotypes such as virulence and antimicrobial resistance. group a streptococcus (gas) causes a diverse array of human infections and sequelae, and exhibits a complex pathogenic behavior. to enhance our understanding of genotype-phenotype relationships in this important pathogen, we determined the complete genome sequences of four gas strains expressing m protein serotypes (m2, m4, ... | 2007 | 17726530 |
| genome dynamics of campylobacter jejuni in response to bacteriophage predation. | campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of food-borne illness. although a natural reservoir of the pathogen is domestic poultry, the degree of genomic diversity exhibited by the species limits the application of epidemiological methods to trace specific infection sources. bacteriophage predation is a common burden placed upon c. jejuni populations in the avian gut, and we show that amongst c. jejuni that survive bacteriophage predation in broiler chickens are bacteriophage-resistant types that d ... | 2007 | 17722979 |
| identification and characterization of triabc-opmh, a triclosan efflux pump of pseudomonas aeruginosa requiring two membrane fusion proteins. | pseudomonas aeruginosa achieves high-level (mic>1 mg/ml) triclosan resistance either by constitutive expression of mexab-oprm, an efflux pump of the resistance nodulation cell division (rnd) family, or expression of mexcd-oprj, mexef-oprn, and mexjk-opmh in regulatory mutants. a triclosan-resistant target enzyme and perhaps other mechanisms probably act synergistically with efflux. to probe this notion, we exposed the susceptible delta(mexab-oprm) delta(mexcd-oprj) delta(mexef-oprn) delta(mexjk) ... | 2007 | 17720796 |