Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| a coronavirus e protein is present in two distinct pools with different effects on assembly and the secretory pathway. | coronaviruses (covs) assemble by budding into the lumen of the early golgi complex prior to exocytosis. the small cov envelope (e) protein plays roles in assembly, virion release, and pathogenesis. cov e has a single hydrophobic domain (hd), is targeted to golgi complex membranes, and has cation channel activity in vitro. however, the precise functions of the cov e protein during infection are still enigmatic. structural data for the severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars)-cov e protein suggest ... | 2015 | 26136577 |
| dynamic changes of virus load in supernatant of primary cek cell culture infected with different generations of avian infectious bronchitis virus strains sczy3 as revealed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) can multiply effectively in chick embryo kidney (cek) cells after adapting to the chick embryo. to investigate the dynamic changes in ibv load in the supernatant of primary cek cells, we developed an sybr green i-based real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to quantify nucleic copy numbers of the ibv-sczy3 strain. the 20, 54, and 87th generations of cek-adapted ibv-sczy3 strains were used to infect cek cells, and then nucleic copy numbers in the samples of su ... | 2015 | 26125838 |
| elevated level of renal xanthine oxidase mrna transcription after nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus infection in growing layers. | to assess relationships between xanthine oxidase (xod) and nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (nibv) infection, 240 growing layers (35 days old) were randomly divided into two groups (infected and control) of 120 chickens each. each chicken in the control and infected group was intranasally inoculated with 0.2 ml sterile physiological saline and virus, respectively, after which serum antioxidant parameters and renal xod mrna expression in growing layers were evaluated at 8, 15 and 22 d ... | 2015 | 26119168 |
| decreased neutralizing antigenicity in ibv s1 protein expressed from mammalian cells. | we evaluated the antigenicity of recombinant infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) s1 protein expressed in mammalian cells. recombinant s1 was expressed as a secreted protein fused with a trimerization motif peptide, then purified using ni sepharose. the purified protein was analyzed by western blotting, mixed with oil adjuvant, and administered to 29-day-old specific-pathogen-free chickens. six weeks after immunization, anti-ibv neutralizing titer and anti-s1 elisa titer were determined; immunized ... | 2015 | 26113306 |
| neutralization analysis of a chicken single-chain variable fragment derived from an immune antibody library against infectious bronchitis virus. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), which is prevalent in many countries causing severe economic loss to the poultry industry, causes infectious bronchitis (ib) in birds. recombinant single-chain variable fragments (scfvs) have been proven to effectively inhibit many viruses, both in vitro and in vivo, and they could be a potential diagnostic and therapeutic reagent to control ib. in this study, six anti-ibv chicken scfvs, zl.10, zl.64, zl.78, zl.80, zl.138, and zl.256, were obtained by scr ... | 2015 | 26090700 |
| novel receptor specificity of avian gammacoronaviruses that cause enteritis. | viruses exploit molecules on the target membrane as receptors for attachment and entry into host cells. thus, receptor expression patterns can define viral tissue tropism and might to some extent predict the susceptibility of a host to a particular virus. previously, others and we have shown that respiratory pathogens of the genus gammacoronavirus, including chicken infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), require specific α2,3-linked sialylated glycans for attachment and entry. here, we studied deter ... | 2015 | 26063435 |
| comparative evaluation of in vitro and in vivo assays for the detection of avian infectious bronchitis virus as a contaminant of live poultry vaccines. | a reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr( assay specific for identifying avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in poultry vaccines, and the serological response to ibv induced by the inoculation of chicks with a newcastle disease vaccine spiked with the massachusetts strain of ibv, were compared for their ability to detect ibv as a contaminant of avian vaccines. the sensitivity of the ibv-rt-pcr assay provided results which were at least equivalent to the biological effect pro ... | 2015 | 26042490 |
| emergence of avian infectious bronchitis virus and its variants need better diagnosis, prevention and control strategies: a global perspective. | growth in poultry sector is being challenged due to increased incidence and re-emergence of diseases caused due to evolution of several viral pathogens and use of live vaccines. piles of economic losses are encountered due to these diseases. avian infectious bronchitis (ib), caused by corona virus, is oie-listed disease and characterized by respiratory, renal and urogenital involvements, causing high mortality. economic losses are encountered due to loss of productive performance of both egg and ... | 2014 | 26035949 |
| analysis of the s1 gene of the avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) reveals changes in the ibv genetic groups circulating in southern thailand. | the new variants of the avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) produce a range of symptoms and cause global economic losses to the poultry industry. we investigated the s1 glycoprotein of 24 recent ibv isolates from chickens and demonstrated that two predominant genetic groups were circulating in southern thailand between 2008 and 2013. seven ibv variants, isolated from 2008 to 2009, were clustered in the thailand tha001 group i while 15 ibv variants, isolated from 2009 to 2013, were classified ... | 2015 | 25983048 |
| progress and challenges toward the development of vaccines against avian infectious bronchitis. | avian infectious bronchitis (ib) is a widely distributed poultry disease that has huge economic impact on poultry industry. the continuous emergence of new ibv genotypes and lack of cross protection among different ibv genotypes have been an important challenge. although live attenuated ib vaccines remarkably induce potent immune response, the potential risk of reversion to virulence, neutralization by the maternal antibodies, and recombination and mutation events are important concern on their ... | 2015 | 25954763 |
| experimental infection of inbred balb/c and a/j mice with massachusetts and brazilian strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). | the ability of avian coronaviruses to replicate in mice was investigated to investigate interspecies transmission. two inbred mouse strains (balb/c and a/j) with different genetic backgrounds were inoculated with the avian coronavirus strains mass and br-i and monitored for at least 10 days. analysis of viral rna, histopathological examinations, immunohistochemistry and serology were performed. after virus inoculation, neither clinical signs nor evident gross lesions were observed. viral rna, hi ... | 2015 | 25951972 |
| prevalence and molecular characterization of avian infectious bronchitis virus in poultry flocks in morocco from 2010 to 2014 and first detection of italy 02 in africa. | the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and diversity of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) genotypes in poultry flocks in 16 areas of morocco between 2010 and 2014. a total of 360 chicken flocks suspected of being infected by ibv were screened for the ibv n gene using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). flocks were classified into four groups according to their ibv vaccination programme. group 1 contained unvaccinated birds. group 2 received a sing ... | 2015 | 25925561 |
| age-dependent immune responses and immune protection after avian coronavirus vaccination. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is an endemic disease of chickens and a major contributor to economic losses for the poultry industry despite vaccination. recent observations indicated that chicks may have an immature immune system immediately after hatching when vaccinated for ibv. therefore we hypothesized that early ibv vaccination will generate an immature, poorly protective ibv-specific immune response contributing to immune escape and persistence of ibv. to test this hypothesis the ibv-s ... | 2015 | 25910920 |
| deoxynivalenol in chicken feed alters the vaccinal immune response and clinical biochemical serum parameters but not the intestinal and carcass characteristics. | this study was conducted to investigate the impacts of deoxynivalenol (don) feeding either alone or in combination with a microbial feed additive (mfa) on the immune response to a viral vaccine and serum clinical chemical parameters. forty 1-day-old boiler chicks were weighed and randomly divided into four groups, 10 birds in each group: (i) control group fed with basal diet; (ii) don group fed with basal diet artificially contaminated with 10 mg don/kg feed; (iii) don + mfa group fed with basal ... | 2016 | 25900321 |
| [rescue of the recombinant infectious bronchitis virus with the ectodomain region of h120 spike glycoprotein]. | to explore the expression potential of heterogeneous genes using the backbone of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) beaudette strain, the ectodomain region of the spike gene (1,302 bp) of ibv h120 strain was amplified by rt-pcr and replaced into the corresponding location of the ibv beaudette strain full-length cdna. this recombinant was designated as beaur-h120(s1). beaur-h120(s1) was directly used as the dna template for the transcription of viral genomic rna in vitro. then, the transcription p ... | 2014 | 25868282 |
| serotype shift of a 793/b genotype infectious bronchitis coronavirus by natural recombination. | an infectious bronchitis coronavirus, designated as ck/ch/lhlj/140906, was isolated from an infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain h120-vaccinated chicken flock, which presented with a suspected infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infection. a phylogenetic analysis based on the s1 gene clustered ck/ch/lhlj/140906 with the 793/b group; however, a pairwise comparison showed that the 5' terminal of the s1 gene (containing hypervariable regions i and ii) had high sequence identity with the h120 stra ... | 2015 | 25843651 |
| genomic and single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of infectious bronchitis coronavirus. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a gammacoronavirus that causes a highly contagious respiratory disease in chickens. a qx-like strain was analysed by high-throughput illumina sequencing and genetic variation across the entire viral genome was explored at the sub-consensus level by single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) analysis. thirteen open reading frames (orfs) in the order 5'-utr-1a-1ab-s-3a-3b-e-m-4b-4c-5a-5b-n-6b-3'utr were predicted. the relative frequencies of missense: silent snps wer ... | 2015 | 25843648 |
| development of a multi-epitope antigen of s protein-based elisa for antibodies detection against infectious bronchitis virus. | an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) method based on a novel multi-epitope antigen of s protein (se) was developed for antibodies detection against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). the multi-epitope antigen se protein was designed by arranging three s gene fragments (166-247 aa, s1 gene; 501-515 aa, s1 gene; 8-30 aa, s2 gene) in tandem. it was identified to be approximately 32 kda as a his-tagged fusion protein and can bind ibv positive serum by western blot analysis. the cond ... | 2015 | 25832890 |
| atypical velogenic newcastle disease in a commercial layer flock in japan. | in 2002, a commercial layer flock in japan was initially diagnosed as being infected with infectious bronchitis (ib) based on clinical signs, virus isolation, and serological analysis but was later found to be atypically infected with velogenic newcastle disease virus (ndv) following molecular diagnosis. the flock had slightly decreased egg production and an increased occurrence of soft-shelled eggs without significant mortality. ib-like viruses were isolated, which caused dwarfing and curling i ... | 2015 | 25810410 |
| isolation of chicken astrovirus from specific pathogen-free chicken embryonated eggs. | astroviruses have been associated with enteric disorders in many animal species, including chickens. here, we describe the isolation, propagation, and pathological characteristics of chicken astrovirus (castv) in specific pathogen free (spf) chicken embryonated eggs (cee) from chickens with diarrhea and runting-stunting syndrome. the cee were inoculated via the yolk sac route. viral confirmation was carried out using pcr techniques and transmission electron microscopy negative staining with ammo ... | 2015 | 25805833 |
| cd107a as a marker of activation in chicken cytotoxic t cells. | the study aimed to evaluate cell surface mobilisation of cd107a as a general activation marker on chicken cytotoxic t cells (ctl). experiments comprised establishment of an in vitro model for activation-induced cd107a mobilisation and design of a marker panel for the detection of cd107a mobilisation on chicken ctl isolated from different tissues. moreover, cd107a mobilisation was analysed on ctl isolated from airways of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv)-infected birds direct ex vivo and upon in ... | 2015 | 25743852 |
| longitudinal monitoring for respiratory pathogens in broiler chickens reveals co-infection of chlamydia psittaci and ornithobacterium rhinotracheale. | chlamydia psittaci is prevalent in broiler chicken production. however, the role of c. psittaci in the respiratory disease complex needs to be clarified. our aim was to identify the time point when a c. psittaci infection appeared on a broiler farm and to examine the presence of other respiratory pathogens at that time. we focused on the 'major' respiratory pathogens occurring in belgian broilers, namely infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), avian metapneumovirus (ampv), ornithobacterium rhinotrach ... | 2015 | 25724936 |
| development and characterization of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against the s1 subunit protein of qx-like avian infectious bronchitis virus strain sczy3. | infectious bronchitis (ib) is a highly contagious disease in chickens caused by infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). the present study was carried out with the aim to develop anti-spike 1 (s1) subunit monoclonal antibodies (mabs) that could react with ibv strains of different genotypes. the high antigenicity region of s1 gene of an qx-like ibv strain sczy3 was amplified and ligated into the prokaryotic expression vector pet-32a(+), and the recombinant his-s1 fusion proteins were expressed and puri ... | 0 | 25723279 |
| analysis of the complete genomic sequences of two virus subpopulations of the australian infectious bronchitis virus vaccine vics. | although sequencing of the 3' end of the genome of australian infectious bronchitis viruses (ibvs) has shown that their structural genes are distinct from those of ibvs found in other countries, their replicase genes have not been analysed. to examine this, the complete genomic sequences of the two subpopulations of the vics vaccine, vics-v and vics-del, were determined. compared with vics-v, the more attenuated vics-del strain had two non-synonymous changes in the non-structural protein 6 (nsp6 ... | 2015 | 25721384 |
| protein histochemistry using coronaviral spike proteins: studying binding profiles and sialic acid requirements for attachment to tissues. | protein histochemistry is a tissue-based technique that enables the analysis of viral attachment patterns as well as the identification of specific viral and host determinants involved in the first step in the infection of a host cell by a virus. applying recombinantly expressed spike proteins of infectious bronchitis virus onto formalin-fixed tissues allows us to profile the binding characteristics of these viral attachment proteins to tissues of various avian species. in particular, sialic aci ... | 2015 | 25720479 |
| transient dominant selection for the modification and generation of recombinant infectious bronchitis coronaviruses. | we have developed a reverse genetics system for the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in which a full-length cdna corresponding to the ibv genome is inserted into the vaccinia virus genome under the control of a t7 promoter sequence. vaccinia virus as a vector for the full-length ibv cdna has the advantage that modifications can be introduced into the ibv cdna using homologous recombination, a method frequently used to insert and delete sequences from the vaccinia virus genome. ... | 2015 | 25720477 |
| partial purification of ibv and subsequent isolation of viral rna for next-generation sequencing. | rna viruses are known for a high mutation rate and rapid genomic evolution. as such an rna virus population does not consist of a single genotype but is rather a collection of individual viruses with closely related genotypes-a quasispecies, which can be analyzed by next-generation sequencing (ngs). this diversity of genotypes provides a mechanism in which a virus population can evolve and adapt to a changing environment. sample preparation is vital for successful sequencing. the following proto ... | 2015 | 25720476 |
| isolation and propagation of coronaviruses in embryonated eggs. | the embryonated egg is a complex structure comprised of an embryo and its supporting membranes (chorioallantoic, amniotic, yolk). the developing embryo and its membranes provide the diversity of cell types that are needed for successful replication of a wide variety of different viruses. within the family coronaviridae the embryonated egg has been used as a host system primarily for two avian coronaviruses within the genus gammacoronavirus, infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and turkey coronaviru ... | 2015 | 25720472 |
| two genotypes of infectious bronchitis virus are responsible for serological variation in kwazulu-natal poultry flocks prior to 2012. | this study describes the isolation, serotyping and genotyping of 54 infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) cases predominantly in kwazulu-natal and compared to several isolates from other south african provinces between 2011 and 2012 and several historic isolates. the results indicate the division of isolates into two different genotypes of ibv within the province, massachusetts (mass)-like and qx-like. the ibv mass-like genotype was the most prevalent and was detected in 79% of the full spike protei ... | 2014 | 25685887 |
| domestic pigs are susceptible to infection with influenza b viruses. | influenza b virus (ibv) causes seasonal epidemics in humans. although ibv has been isolated from seals, humans are considered the primary host and reservoir of this important pathogen. it is unclear whether other animal species can support the replication of ibv and serve as a reservoir. swine are naturally infected with both influenza a and c viruses. to determine the susceptibility of pigs to ibv infection, we conducted a serological survey for u.s. midwest domestic swine herds from 2010 to 20 ... | 2015 | 25673727 |
| phylodynamic analysis of avian infectious bronchitis virus in south america. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a coronavirus of chickens that causes great economic losses to the global poultry industry. the present study focuses on south american ibvs and their genetic relationships with global strains. we obtained full-length sequences of the s1 coding region and n gene of ibv field isolates from uruguay and argentina, and performed phylodynamic analysis to characterize the strains and estimate the time of the most recent common ancestor. we identified two major sout ... | 2015 | 25667323 |
| antiviral effect of lithium chloride on infection of cells by porcine parvovirus. | porcine parvovirus (ppv) causes reproductive failure in pigs, which leads to economic losses to the industry. as reported previously, licl efficiently impairs the replication of a variety of viruses, including the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), and pseudorabies herpesvirus. we demonstrate for the first time that inhibition of ppv replication in swine testis (st) cells by licl is dose-dependent, and that the antiviral effect of licl occu ... | 2015 | 25663217 |
| development and efficacy of a novel live-attenuated qx-like nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus vaccine in china. | in this study, we attenuated a chinese qx-like nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain, yx10, by passaging through fertilized chicken eggs. the 90th passage strain (yx10p90) was selected as the live-attenuated vaccine candidate strain. yx10p90 was found to be safe in 7-day-old specific pathogen free chickens without induction of morbidity or mortality. yx10p90 provided nearly complete protection against qx-like (ch i genotype) strains and partial protection against other two ma ... | 2015 | 25636916 |
| various levels and forms of dietary α-lipoic acid in broiler chickens: impact on blood biochemistry, stress response, liver enzymes, and antibody titers. | the present experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of various levels and forms of α-lipoic acid (ala) on blood biochemistry, immune and stress response, and antibody titers in broiler chickens. the four levels (7.5, 15, 75, and 150 ppm) and 2 sources (powder, p-ala and encapsulated, e-ala) of ala along with negative (c-) and positive control (c+; contains antibiotics) diets consisted of 10 dietary treatments, and these treatments were allocated to 1,200 1-d-old chicks and were replicate ... | 2015 | 25630676 |
| high seroprevalence of respiratory pathogens in hobby poultry. | seroprevalence studies on respiratory pathogens have been done extensively in commercial laying hens, broilers, and, to a lesser extent, backyard poultry. in europe, seroprevalence studies in backyard and fancy breed poultry flocks are scarce and limited to a few pathogens, such as mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg); others, such as ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ort), are missing. a commercial elisa for detection of antibodies against six selected pathogens was performed on 460 serum samples from ... | 2014 | 25619008 |
| effects of challenge with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus reassortants in commercial chickens. | pathogenicity and immune responses were characterized in commercial broilers and layers challenged with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvibdv) reassortants (vvibdv segment a + serotype 2 segment b and vvibdv segment a + classic virulent segment b) at 7 days of age. in addition, functional immunosuppression was evaluated after challenge with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) at 15 days of age. layers showed higher levels and increased persistence of ibdv- and ibv-specific maternal ... | 2014 | 25619003 |
| molecular detection of infectious bronchitis and avian metapneumoviruses in oman backyard poultry. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and avian metapneumovirus (ampv) are economically important viral pathogens infecting chickens globally. identification of endemic ibv and ampv strains promotes better control of both diseases and prevents production losses. orophrayngeal swab samples were taken from 2317 birds within 243 different backyard flocks in oman. swabs from each flock were examined by rt-pcr using part-s1 and g gene primers for ibv and ampv respectively. thirty-nine chicken flocks were ... | 2015 | 25613085 |
| molecular detection of infectious bronchitis and newcastle disease viruses in broiler chickens with respiratory signs using duplex rt-pcr. | infectious bronchitis (ib) and newcastle disease (nd) are highly contagious and the most economically important diseases of the poultry affecting respiratory tract and causing economic losses in poultry industry throughout the world. in the present study, the simultaneous detection and differentiation of causative agents of these diseases were investigated using duplex-rt-pcr. rna was extracted from vaccinal and reference strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and newcastle disease virus ( ... | 2014 | 25610585 |
| structural view and substrate specificity of papain-like protease from avian infectious bronchitis virus. | papain-like protease (plpro) of coronaviruses (covs) carries out proteolytic maturation of non-structural proteins that play a role in replication of the virus and performs deubiquitination of host cell factors to scuttle antiviral responses. avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), the causative agent of bronchitis in chicken that results in huge economic losses every year in the poultry industry globally, encodes a plpro. the substrate specificities of this plpro are not clearly understood. he ... | 2015 | 25609249 |
| the effect of estrogen on the early cytotoxic response to ib virus infection in hen oviduct. | the aim of this study was to determine whether the egg-laying phase and estrogen affect the induction of cytotoxic cells in response to avian infectious bronchitis (ib) virus at early stage of infection in the oviduct. attenuated ib virus (aibv group) or its vehicle (control group) was introduced to the oviductal magnum lumen of white leghorn hens in the laying and molting phase, as well as molting hens injected with estradiol benzoate (m-eb hens) or corn oil (m-oil hens). oviductal isthmus and ... | 2015 | 25593044 |
| genome-wide association study of antibody level response to ndv and ibv in jinghai yellow chicken based on slaf-seq technology. | newcastle disease (nd) and avian infectious bronchitis (ib) are contagious diseases of chickens. to identify genes associated with antibody levels against nd and ib, a genome-wide association study was performed using specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing (slaf-seq) technology in jinghai yellow chickens. this determined six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) that were associated with antibody levels against newcastle disease virus (ndv): rsz2494661, rsz2494710, rs1211307701, rs1211307 ... | 2015 | 25588649 |
| inhibitory effects of lithium chloride on replication of type ii porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in vitro. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) is one of the most serious diseases affecting the swine industry worldwide; however, there are no efficient control strategies against prrs virus (prrsv) at present. therefore, development of new antiviral treatment strategies is urgently needed. as reported, lithium chloride (licl) can efficiently impair the replication of a variety of viruses, including infectious bronchitis coronavirus (ibv) and transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus (tg ... | 2015 | 25560301 |
| detection of infectious bronchitis virus with the use of real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-pcr and correlation with virus detection in embryonated eggs. | real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qrt-pcr) assays have been used to detect the presence of challenge virus when the efficacy of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccine against field viruses is being experimentally evaluated. however, federal guidelines for licensing ibv vaccines indicate that challenge-virus detection following vaccination is to be conducted in embryonated eggs. in this study, we examined qrt-pcr data with the use of universal and type-spe ... | 2014 | 25518434 |
| immune responses and interactions following simultaneous application of live newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis and avian metapneumovirus vaccines in specific-pathogen-free chicks. | interactions between live newcastle disease virus (ndv), avian metapneumovirus (ampv) and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccines following simultaneous vaccination of day old specific pathogen free (spf) chicks were evaluated. the chicks were divided into eight groups: seven vaccinated against ndv, ampv and ibv (single, dual or triple) and one unvaccinated as control. haemagglutination inhibition (hi) ndv antibody titres were similar across all groups but were above protective titres. ampv v ... | 2015 | 25482324 |
| spherules and ibv. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is an economically important virus infecting chickens, causing large losses to the poultry industry globally. while vaccines are available, there is a requirement for novel vaccine strategies due to high strain variation and poor cross-protection. this requires a more detailed understanding of virus-host cell interactions to identify candidates for targeted virus attenuation. one key area of research in the positive sense rna virus field, due to its central role ... | 0 | 25482229 |
| acoustic trapping as a generic non-contact incubation site for multiplex bead-based assays. | in this study, we show a significantly reduced assay time and a greatly increased bead recovery for a commercial luminex-based multiplex diagnostic immunoassay by performing all liquid handling steps of the assay protocol in a non-contact acoustic trapping platform. the luminex assay is designed for detecting antibodies in poultry serum for infectious bursal disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, newcastle disease virus and avian reovirus. here, we show proof-of-concept of a microfluidic sy ... | 2015 | 25467518 |
| the avian coronavirus spike protein. | avian coronaviruses of the genus gammacoronavirus are represented by infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), the coronavirus of chicken. ibv causes a highly contagious disease affecting the respiratory tract and, depending on the strain, other tissues including the reproductive and urogenital tract. the control of ibv in the field is hampered by the many different strains circulating worldwide and the limited protection across strains due to serotype diversity. this diversity is believed to be due to ... | 2014 | 25451062 |
| continued use of ibv 793b vaccine needs reassessment after its withdrawal led to the genotype's disappearance. | over a period of almost two years, broilers chickens on several hundred italian farms, were monitored for infectious bronchitis virus. detections were genotyped using a hypervariable region of the gene coding for the s1 segment of the spike protein. a range of genotypes were detected which comprised qx, q1, mass, d274 and 793b. sequences of 793b viruses detected in chickens, vaccinated with either of the two commonly used 793b type vaccines were almost identical to sequences of one or other of t ... | 2014 | 25446828 |
| activation of the chicken type i interferon response by infectious bronchitis coronavirus. | coronaviruses from both the alphacoronavirus and betacoronavirus genera interfere with the type i interferon (ifn) response in various ways, ensuring the limited activation of the ifn response in most cell types. of the gammacoronaviruses that mainly infect birds, little is known about the activation of the host immune response. we show that the prototypical gammacoronavirus, infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), induces a delayed activation of the ifn response in primary renal cells, tracheal epit ... | 2015 | 25378498 |
| characterization of cellular and humoral immune responses after ibv infection in chicken lines differing in mbl serum concentration. | chickens from two inbred lines selected for high (l10h) or low (l10l) mannose-binding lectin (mbl) serum concentrations were infected with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), and innate as well as adaptive immunological parameters were measured throughout the experimental period. chickens with high mbl serum concentrations were found to have less viral load in the trachea than chickens with low mbl serum concentrations indicating that these chickens were less severely affected by the infection. t ... | 2014 | 25343382 |
| factors influencing the outcome of infectious bronchitis vaccination and challenge experiments. | the factors influencing the outcome of infectious bronchitis vaccination and challenge experiments regarding the respiratory and renal systems are reviewed. advantages and disadvantages of the available techniques for measuring protection against an infectious bronchitis virus challenge are discussed, including the definition of protection itself. suggestions are made regarding some ways in which progress towards standardization of a recognized protocol for performing experimental challenge stud ... | 2014 | 25338230 |
| pathomorphological studies of polyserositis in commercial caged layer chicken. | to detect etiological agents and pathological changes associated with polyserositis in commercial layer chicken. | 2014 | 25312143 |
| evolutionary and bioinformatic analysis of the spike glycoprotein gene of h120 vaccine strain protectotype of infectious bronchitis virus from india. | the infectious bronchitis virus is a causative agent of avian infectious bronchitis (aib), and is is an important disease that produces severe economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. recent aib outbreaks in india have been associated with poor growth in broilers, drop in egg production, and thin egg shells in layers. the complete spike gene of indian aib vaccine strain was amplified and sequenced using a conventional reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and is submitted to ... | 2016 | 25311758 |
| [dynamic distribution of the avian infectious bronchitis virus isolate strain jin-13 in spf chickens]. | this study aimed to understand the dynamic distribution of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) jin-13 strain in spf chickens. ninety-day-old spf chickens were inoculated with jin-13, a virulent strain, and dissected at day 1, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28 or 35 post-inoculation (dpi). samples of heart, liver, spleen, lung, trachea, kidney and duodenum were collected and the n gene was detected by sybr green i real-time quantitative rt-pcr assays. the established method had a good linear correlation from 7. ... | 2014 | 25272586 |
| [complete genomic analysis of a novel infectious bronchitis virus isolate]. | the genome of ck/ch/sd09/005, an isolate of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), was characterized to enable the further understanding of the epidemiology and evolution of ibv in china. twenty-five pairs of primers were designed to amplify the full-length genome of ck/ch/sd09/005. the nucleotide sequence of ck/ch/sd09/005 was compared with reference ibv strains retrieved from genbank. the phylogenic relationship between ck/ch/sd09/005 and the reference strains was analyzed based on s1 gene sequenc ... | 2014 | 25272584 |
| an impedance immunosensor based on low-cost microelectrodes and specific monoclonal antibodies for rapid detection of avian influenza virus h5n1 in chicken swabs. | early screening of suspected cases is the key to control the spread of avian influenza (ai) h5n1. in our previous studies, an impedance biosensor with an interdigitated array microelectrode based biochip was developed and validated with pure ai h5 virus, but had limitations in cost and reliability of the biochip, specificity of the antibody against asian in-field h5n1 virus and detection of h5n1 virus in real samples. the purpose of this study is to develop a low-cost impedance immunosensor for ... | 2015 | 25263315 |
| the genotyping of infectious bronchitis virus in taiwan by a multiplex amplification refractory mutation system reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv; avian coronavirus) causes acute respiratory and reproductive and urogenital diseases in chickens. following sequence alignment of ibv strains, a combination of selective primer sets was designed to individually amplify the ibv wild-type and vaccine strains using a multiplex amplification refractory mutation system reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (arms rt-pcr) approach. this system was shown to discriminate the ibv wild-type and vaccine strains. m ... | 2014 | 25223342 |
| development of slide elisa (selisa) for detection of four poultry viral pathogens by direct heat fixation of viruses on glass slides. | the development of an easy and simpler method of slide enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (selisa) for the diagnosis of four economically important poultry viruses viz., newcastle disease virus (ndv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) and egg drop syndrome 76 virus (eds 76) and the use of selisa for semi quantitation of ndv are described. the positive signals for viral aggregates were detected under light microscope. this is the first report regarding the d ... | 2014 | 25218174 |
| genomic characteristics and changes of avian infectious bronchitis virus strain ck/ch/ldl/97i after serial passages in chicken embryos. | we previously attenuated the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strain ck/ch/ldl/97i and found that it can convey protection against the homologous pathogenic virus. | 2014 | 25195733 |
| recombinant nucleocapsid protein based single serum dilution elisa for the detection of antibodies to infectious bronchitis virus in poultry. | avian infectious bronchitis is ubiquitous and highly contagious disease of poultry, with profound effect on commercial poultry production. for effective control of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), quick and specific diagnosis is of utmost importance. in this study, the virus was isolated from clinical samples from india and the full length nucleocapsid (n) gene was amplified, cloned and expressed in a prokaryotic system. the purified recombinant n protein based single serum dilution enzyme lin ... | 2014 | 25173423 |
| molecular characterization of an infectious bronchitis virus strain isolated from northern china in 2012. | this study reports the complete genome sequence of an infectious bronchitis virus (ck/ch/sd/121220, kj128295) isolated in 2012 from shandong province in northern china. the genome is 27,666 nt long, comprising six genes and 5' and 3' untranslated regions. the full-length genome of the ck/ch/sd/121220 isolate had the highest nucleotide sequence identity (96.7 %) to the yx10 strain. sites of recombination were identified in the genes 1ab, s, 5a, 5b and n, with their putative parental strains belon ... | 2014 | 25168045 |
| the endoplasmic reticulum stress sensor ire1α protects cells from apoptosis induced by the coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | the unfolded-protein response (upr) is a signal transduction cascade triggered by perturbation of the homeostasis of the endoplasmic reticulum (er). upr resolves er stress by activating a cascade of cellular responses, including the induction of molecular chaperones, translational attenuation, er-associated degradation, and other mechanisms. under prolonged and irremediable er stress, however, the upr can also trigger apoptosis. here, we report that in cells infected with the avian coronavirus i ... | 2014 | 25142592 |
| inflammatory and cell-mediated immune responses in the respiratory tract of chickens to infection with avian infectious bronchitis virus. | tracheal mucosa is the primary site of replication of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), which leads to both morphologic and immune modulatory changes in this organ. to increase the understanding of the mechanisms involved in these processes, we focused on the evaluation of local inflammatory and cell-mediated immune responses after challenge with the m41 strain of ibv, associating these responses with pathologic changes in the tracheal mucosa. at 24 h post-infection, inflammatory cytokine ... | 2014 | 25105981 |
| varying antibody responses of laying hens housed in an aviary system and in furnished cages. | antibody titers after vaccination against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), newcastle disease virus (ndv) and after natural infection with campylobacter were analyzed in five trials with lohmann silver laying hens kept in two different housing systems. in these studies it could be demonstrated that antibodies against ibv and campylobacter were in 4 out of 5 respectively in 2 out of 5 trials significantly higher in hens housed in an aviary system compared to those kept in furnished cages. the op ... | 2014 | 25080819 |
| immunoglobulin a as an early humoral responder after mucosal avian coronavirus vaccination. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a highly contagious coronavirus prevalent in all countries with an extensive poultry industry and continues to cause economic losses. ibv strains of the ark serotype are highly prevalent in the southeastern united states despite extensive vaccination. one explanation for this observation is the high genetic variability of ibv. in addition, ibv ark-type vaccines may induce suboptimal mucosal immune responses, contributing to the prevalence and persistence of t ... | 2014 | 25055633 |
| s1 of distinct ibv population expressed from recombinant adenovirus confers protection against challenge. | protective properties of three distinct infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) ark delmarva poultry industry (arkdpi) s1 proteins encoded from replication-defective recombinant adenovirus vectors were investigated. using a suboptimal dose of each recombinant virus, we demonstrated that ibv s1 amino acid sequences showing > or = 95.8% amino acid identity to the s1 of the challenge strain differed in their ability at conferring protection. indeed, the s1 sequence of the ibv population previously design ... | 2014 | 25055623 |
| immune response of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with different level of chromium methionine under heat stress conditions. | the objectives of this study were to investigate the immune responses of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with different level of chromium methionine (crmet) in heat stress (hs) condition. two hundred and eighty eight male broiler chickens (ross 308) were allocated to four treatment groups (supplementation with 0, 200, 400 or 800 ppb cr in the form of crmet) in a completely randomized design. the experiment was conducted at heat stressed condition and all birds were kept under temperature ... | 2012 | 25049559 |
| regulation of coronaviral poly(a) tail length during infection is not coronavirus species- or host cell-specific. | it has been demonstrated that the length of the poly(a) tail in the bovine coronavirus (bcov), which belongs to genus betacoronaviruses, is regulated throughout infection in human rectal tumor-18 (hrt-18) cells, and the length of the poly(a) tail is associated with the efficiency of virus translation. here, we examined whether the regulation of viral poly(a) tail length is cell-type independent and whether it is a common feature of coronaviruses to assess the significance of the regulation. by l ... | 2014 | 25034371 |
| simultaneous typing of nine avian respiratory pathogens using a novel gexp analyzer-based multiplex pcr assay. | a new, rapid, and high-throughput genomelab gene expression profiler (gexp) analyzer-based multiplex pcr method was developed for simultaneous detection and differentiation of nine avian respiratory pathogens. the respiratory pathogens included in this study were avian influenza subtypes h5, h7, and h9, infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv), mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg), mycoplasma synoviae (ms) and haemophilus paragallinarum ... | 2014 | 25025815 |
| cpg-odns induced changes in cytokine/chemokines genes expression associated with suppression of infectious bronchitis virus replication in chicken lungs. | the process of virus replication in host cells is greatly influenced by the set of cytokines, chemokines and antiviral substances activated as a result of host-virus interaction. alteration of cytokines profiles through manipulation of the innate immune system by innate immune stimulants may be helpful in inhibiting virus replication in otherwise permissive cells. the aim of present studies was to characterize innate immune responses capable of inhibiting infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) replic ... | 2014 | 25012000 |
| analysis of s1 gene of avian infectious bronchitis virus isolated in southern china during 2011-2012. | sixty-two strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were isolated from diseased chickens at different farms in southern china during 2011-2012, and 66.1 % of the isolated strains were associated with typical nephritis. analysis of the s1 gene sequences amplified from the 62 isolated strains together with 40 reference strains published in genbank showed nucleotide homologies ranging from 63.5 to 99.9 % and amino acid homologies ranging from 57.9 to 100 %. phylogenetic analysis revealed t ... | 2014 | 25000989 |
| coronavirus nsp6 restricts autophagosome expansion. | autophagy is a cellular response to starvation that generates autophagosomes to carry long-lived proteins and cellular organelles to lysosomes for degradation. activation of autophagy by viruses can provide an innate defense against infection, and for (+) strand rna viruses autophagosomes can facilitate assembly of replicase proteins. we demonstrated that nonstructural protein (nsp) 6 of the avian coronavirus, infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), generates autophagosomes from the er. a statistical ... | 2014 | 24991833 |
| effect of different levels of dietary sweet orange (citrus sinensis) peel extract on humoral immune system responses in broiler chickens. | this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of sweet orange (citrus sinensis) peel extract (sope) on humoral immune system responses in broiler chickens. three hundred 1-day broilers (ross-308) were randomly allocated to treatments varying in supplemental sope added in the drinking water. the experimental groups consisted of three treatments fed for 42 days as follows: a control treatment without feed extract, a treatment containing 1000 ppm of sope and a treatment ... | 2015 | 24990585 |
| differences in the tissue tropism to chicken oviduct epithelial cells between avian coronavirus ibv strains qx and b1648 are not related to the sialic acid binding properties of their spike proteins. | the avian coronavirus (avcov) infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a major poultry pathogen. a characteristic feature of ibv is the occurrence of many different strains belonging to different serotypes, which makes a complete control of the disease by vaccinations a challenging task. reasons for differences in the tissue tropism and pathogenicity between ibv strains, e.g. a predilection for the kidneys or the oviduct are still an open question. strains of the qx genotype have been major pathogen ... | 2014 | 24928425 |
| [genotypes and serotypes of avian infectious bronchitis viruses isolated during 2009-2011 in guangxi, china]. | in order to investigate the prevalence and track genetic and antigenic evolutions of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and their prevalence in guangxi, china since 1985, gene amplification and sequencing and virus neutralization (vn) test on chicken embryo tracheal organ cultures were used in genotyping and serotyping of 28 ibv isolates during 2009-2011 in guangxi. the results of n gene sequencing and comparison showed that the 28 isolates and reference strains were classified into three groups, ... | 2014 | 24923170 |
| infectious bronchitis virus in different avian physiological systems-a field study in brazilian poultry flocks. | avian infectious bronchitis is a highly contagious viral disease with economic effects on poultry agribusiness. the disease presents multi-systemic clinical signs (respiratory, renal, enteric, and reproductive) and is caused by one coronavirus (infectious bronchitis virus, ibv). infectious bronchitis virus is classified into different serotypes and genotypes (vaccine strains and field variants). this study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of ibv in commercial poultry flocks from 3 important prod ... | 2014 | 24894532 |
| emergence of avian infectious bronchitis in a non-vaccinating country. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a coronavirus of the chicken. it is a highly contagious pathogen and in addition to causing respiratory and kidney diseases can affect the reproductive organs, resulting in loss of production and poor egg quality. despite the global distribution of ibv, finland has been free of clinical cases for almost three decades. since april 2011, outbreaks involving genotypes qx, d274-like and 4/91-like have occurred in southern finland. the clinical samples studied wer ... | 2014 | 24766156 |
| comparison of vaccine subpopulation selection, viral loads, vaccine virus persistence in trachea and cloaca, and mucosal antibody responses after vaccination with two different arkansas delmarva poultry industry -derived infectious bronchitis virus vaccines. | factors responsible for the persistence of arkansas delmarva poultry industry (arkdpi)-derived infectious bronchitis vaccines in commercial flocks and the high frequency of isolation of arkdpi-type infectious bronchitis viruses in respiratory cases are still unclear. we compared dynamics of vaccine viral subpopulations, viral loads, persistence in trachea and cloaca, and the magnitude of infectious bronchitis virus (1bv)-specific antibody induction after vaccination with two commercial arkdpi-de ... | 2014 | 24758121 |
| infectious bronchitis virus s2 expressed from recombinant virus confers broad protection against challenge. | we developed a recombinant newcastle disease virus (ndv) lasota (rls) expressing the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) s2 gene (rls/ibv.s2). the recombinant virus showed somewhat-reduced pathogenicity compared to the parental lentogenic lasota strain but effectively elicited hemagglutination inhibition antibodies against ndv and protected chickens against lethal challenge with virulent ndv/ca02. ibv heterotypic protection was assessed using a prime-boost approach with a commercially available at ... | 2014 | 24758118 |
| genotyping of infectious bronchitis viruses identified in canada between 2000 and 2013. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was detected in 185 samples originating from chicken flocks of various commodity groups in canada. flocks with clinical signs such as respiratory challenge, sudden death, egg production problems, or nephropathogenic conditions, and randomly selected flocks sampled at slaughter as part of an ontario broiler surveillance project, were included. most samples were from ontario and québec; however, a small number from british columbia, nova scotia, and newfoundland a ... | 2014 | 24754612 |
| evaluation of a novel strain of infectious bronchitis virus emerged as a result of spike gene recombination between two highly diverged parent strains. | the emergence of new variant strains of the poultry pathogen infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is continually reported worldwide, owing to the labile nature of the large single-stranded rna ibv genome. high resolution melt curve analysis previously detected a variant strain, n1/08, and the present study confirmed that this strain had emerged as a result of recombination between australian subgroup 2 and 3 strains in the spike gene region, in a similar manner reported for turkey coronaviruses. th ... | 2014 | 24730363 |
| dramatic differences in the response of macrophages from b2 and b19 mhc-defined haplotypes to interferon gamma and polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid stimulation. | the chicken mhc has been associated with disease resistance, though the mechanisms are not understood. the functions of macrophages, critical to both innate and acquired immunity, were compared between the more infectious bronchitis virus-resistant b2 and the more infectious bronchitis virus-susceptible b19 lines. in vivo peripheral blood concentrations of monocytes were similar in b2 or b19 homozygous haplotypes. peripheral blood-derived macrophages were stimulated with poly i:c, simulating an ... | 2014 | 24706959 |
| evaluation of infectious bronchitis virus arkansas-type vaccine failure in commercial broilers. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes an upper respiratory tract disease in chickens and is highly contagious. many different types of the virus exist, but only a few types are used as attenuated live vaccines in the commercial poultry industry. of the vaccine types used, the arkansas (ark)-type virus is most frequently reisolated from vaccinated broilers. previous research has suggested that incomplete clearance of ark-type vaccine virus plays a role in the inadequate protection observed whe ... | 2013 | 24689182 |
| emergence of a new genotype of avian infectious bronchitis virus in brazil. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is the agent of a highly contagious disease that affects domestic fowl (gallus gallus). recent reports showed a high prevalence of one main ibv genotype (brazil or br-i) with low genetic diversity in commercial poultry flocks from brazil. this research analyzed ibv positive poultry flocks from different rearing regions to verify the s1 gene variability and geographic distribution of variant ibv strains in recent years (2010 and 2011). samples of ibv-positive flo ... | 2013 | 24689178 |
| complete genome sequence of a novel infectious bronchitis virus strain circulating in china with a distinct s gene. | an avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was isolated and identified from a commercial layer flock vaccinated with live attenuated h120 vaccine in china, designed as ck/ch/ibtz/2012. to determine the origination and evolution of this isolated strain, we have carried out a complete genome sequencing of this strain. the genome of the ck/ch/ibtz/2012 strain is 27,691 nucleotides in length and includes more than 10 open reading frames. sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis based on the ful ... | 2014 | 24682939 |
| pathogenicity and molecular characteristics of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains isolated from broilers showing diarrhoea and respiratory disease. | abstract 1. the possibility that infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) variants isolated from broilers with enteric and respiratory problems have a different tropism and pathological outcome from those ibv strains causing classical respiratory disease was investigated. 2. ibv variants were isolated from broiler flocks with enteric and respiratory problems in two regions of brazil. the usp-10 isolate, of enteric origin, was inoculated via the oral oroculonasal routes into ibv-antibody-free broilers a ... | 2014 | 24678626 |
| assessment of the potential relationship between egg quality and infectious bronchitis virus infection in australian layer flocks. | this investigation aimed to determine if there was a relationship between the production of eggs with poor internal quality, as measured by poor haugh units, by australian layer flocks and the detection of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in the hens. other risk factors including flock size, flock type, flock age, chicken breed and vaccination frequency were also assessed. | 2014 | 24673141 |
| in this issue - april 2014: perceptions of 2007 equine influenza outbreak · hyperinsulinaemia in ponies · hydration and perennial ryegrass toxicosis · travel history needed for possible canine leishmaniosis · complications of arthroscopy · metaphyseal osteopathy in kelpies · infectious bronchitis virus and egg quality. | 2014 | 24673131 | |
| palmitoylation is required for intracellular trafficking of influenza b virus nb protein and efficient influenza b virus growth in vitro. | all influenza viruses bud and egress from lipid rafts within the apical plasma membrane of infected epithelial cells. as a result, all components of progeny virions must be transported to these lipid rafts for assembly and budding. although the mechanism of transport for other influenza proteins has been elucidated, influenza b virus (ibv) glycoprotein nb subcellular localization and transport are not understood completely. to address the aforementioned properties of nb, a series of trafficking ... | 2014 | 24671751 |
| origin and characteristics of the recombinant novel avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus isolate ck/ch/ljl/111054. | recombination among infectious bronchitis viruses (ibvs), coupled with point mutations, insertions, and deletions that occur in the genome, is thought to contribute to the emergence of new ibv variants. in this study an ibv, ck/ch/ljl/111054, was isolated from a h120-vaccinated chicken, which presented with a suspected ibv infection. phylogenetic analysis of the s1 subunit sequence confirmed that strain ck/ch/ljl/111054 is of the connecticut-type; however, further extensive full-length genomic a ... | 2014 | 24613433 |
| effects of avian infectious bronchitis virus antigen on eggshell formation and immunoreaction in hen oviduct. | the aim of this study was to determine the mechanism by which the avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) affects eggshell formation. attenuated ibv (aibv group) or vehicle (control group) was injected into the oviductal magnum lumen of white leghorn laying hens. the changes in the expression of genes related to eggshell formation (collagen types i and v, and cabp-d28k), densities of cytotoxic cells (cd8(+) and tcr-γδ(+) t cells), and gene expression of molecules related to cytotoxic immunoreact ... | 2014 | 24612789 |
| comparative proteome analysis of tracheal tissues in response to infectious bronchitis coronavirus, newcastle disease virus, and avian influenza virus h9 subtype virus infection. | infectious bronchitis coronavirus (ibv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), and avian influenza virus (aiv) h9 subtype are major pathogens of chickens causing serious respiratory tract disease and heavy economic losses. to better understand the replication features of these viruses in their target organs and molecular pathogenesis of these different viruses, comparative proteomic analysis was performed to investigate the proteome changes of primary target organ during ibv, ndv, and aiv h9 infections ... | 2014 | 24610701 |
| high-level protein expression following single and dual gene cloning of infectious bronchitis virus n and s genes using baculovirus systems. | baculovirus is an efficient system for the gene expression that can be used for gene transfer to both insect and different vertebrate hosts. the nucleocapsid gene (n) of the infectious bronchitis virus was cloned in a baculovirus expression system for insect cell expression. dual expression vectors containing ibv n and spike (s) proteins of the avian infectious bronchitis virus were engineered under the control of human and murine cytomegalovirus immediate-early enhancer/promoter elements in com ... | 2014 | 24605790 |
| emergence of enteric viruses in production chickens is a concern for avian health. | several viruses have been identified in recent years in the intestinal contents of chickens and turkeys with enteric problems, which have been observed in commercial farms worldwide, including brazil. molecular detection of these viruses in brazil can transform to a big threat for poultry production due to risk for intestinal integrity. this disease is characterized by severely delayed growth, low uniformity, lethargy, watery diarrhea, delayed feed consumption, and a decreased conversion rate. c ... | 2014 | 24578633 |
| induction of innate immune response following infectious bronchitis corona virus infection in the respiratory tract of chickens. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) replicates in the epithelial cells of trachea and lungs of chicken, however the mechanism of generation of innate immune response against ibv infection in these tissues has not been fully characterized. our objective was to study innate responses induced early following ibv infection in chickens. initiation of the transcription of selected innate immune genes such as tlr3, tlr7, myd88, il-1β and ifn-β, as well as recruitment of macrophages, were evident followin ... | 2014 | 24503073 |
| universal influenza b virus genomic amplification facilitates sequencing, diagnostics, and reverse genetics. | although human influenza b virus (ibv) is a significant human pathogen, its great genetic diversity has limited our ability to universally amplify the entire genome for subsequent sequencing or vaccine production. the generation of sequence data via next-generation approaches and the rapid cloning of viral genes are critical for basic research, diagnostics, antiviral drugs, and vaccines to combat ibv. to overcome the difficulty of amplifying the diverse and ever-changing ibv genome, we developed ... | 2014 | 24501036 |
| modeling inoculum dose dependent patterns of acute virus infections. | inoculum dose, i.e. the number of pathogens at the beginning of an infection, often affects key aspects of pathogen and immune response dynamics. these in turn determine clinically relevant outcomes, such as morbidity and mortality. despite the general recognition that inoculum dose is an important component of infection outcomes, we currently do not understand its impact in much detail. this study is intended to start filling this knowledge gap by analyzing inoculum dependent patterns of viral ... | 2014 | 24440713 |
| sambucus nigra extracts inhibit infectious bronchitis virus at an early point during replication. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a pathogenic chicken coronavirus. currently, vaccination against ibv is only partially protective; therefore, better preventions and treatments are needed. plants produce antimicrobial secondary compounds, which may be a source for novel anti-viral drugs. non-cytotoxic, crude ethanol extracts of rhodiola rosea roots, nigella sativa seeds, and sambucus nigra fruit were tested for anti-ibv activity, since these safe, widely used plant tissues contain polyphenol ... | 2014 | 24433341 |
| emerging viral diseases of livestock in the developing world. | emerging and reemerging viral diseases of livestock and human beings are in sharp rise in recent years. importantly, many of these viruses, including influenza, hendra, nipah and corona are of zoonotic importance. several viral diseases of livestock such as bluetongue, peste des petits ruminants, camel pox, equine infectious anaemia, chicken anaemia and sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever are crossing their traditional boundaries. emergence of new serotypes and variant forms of viruses as ... | 2013 | 24426290 |
| production and immunogenicity of chimeric virus-like particles containing the spike glycoprotein of infectious bronchitis virus. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) poses a severe threat to the poultry industry and causes heavy economic losses worldwide. vaccination is the most effective method of preventing infection and controlling the spread of ibv, but currently available inactivated and attenuated virus vaccines have some disadvantages. we developed a chimeric virus-like particle (vlp)-based candidate vaccine for ibv protection. the chimeric vlp was composed of matrix 1 protein from avian influenza h5n1 virus and a fus ... | 2013 | 24378590 |