Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| assessment of the phenotype and functionality of porcine cd8 t cell responses following vaccination with live attenuated classical swine fever virus (csfv) and virulent csfv challenge. | vaccination with live attenuated classical swine fever virus (csfv) induces solid protection after only 5 days, which has been associated with virus-specific t cell gamma interferon (ifn-γ) responses. in this study, we employed flow cytometry to characterize t cell responses following vaccination and subsequent challenge infections with virulent csfv. the cd3(+) cd4(-) cd8(hi) t cell population was the first and major source of csfv-specific ifn-γ. a proportion of these cells showed evidence for ... | 2013 | 23966552 |
| comprehensive phylogenetic reconstructions of african swine fever virus: proposal for a new classification and molecular dating of the virus. | african swine fever (asf) is a highly lethal disease of domestic pigs caused by the only known dna arbovirus. it was first described in kenya in 1921 and since then many isolates have been collected worldwide. however, although several phylogenetic studies have been carried out to understand the relationships between the isolates, no molecular dating analyses have been achieved so far. in this paper, comprehensive phylogenetic reconstructions were made using newly generated, publicly available s ... | 2013 | 23936068 |
| development and validation of a multiplex, real-time rt pcr assay for the simultaneous detection of classical and african swine fever viruses. | a single-step, multiplex, real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) was developed for the simultaneous and differential laboratory diagnosis of classical swine fever virus (csfv) and african swine fever virus (asfv) alongside an exogenous internal control rna (ic-rna). combining a single extraction methodology and primer and probe sets for detection of the three target nucleic acids csfv, asfv and ic-rna, had no effect on the analytical sensitivity of the assay and the new triplex rt-pcr was ... | 2013 | 23923045 |
| characterization of the swine u6 promoter for short hairpin rna expression and its application to inhibition of virus replication. | expression of short hairpin rnas (shrnas) by the rna polymerase type iii u6 promoter is an effective and widely used strategy for rna interference (rnai) which is a sequence-specific gene silencing mechanism. the u6 promoters from human, mouse, and swine were cloned, respectively for constructing various shrna expression vectors. the transcription efficiency of each u6 promoter was analyzed for its activity to drive expression of shrna targeting enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) mrna in ... | 2013 | 23916945 |
| molecular characterization and phylogenetic study of african swine fever virus isolates from recent outbreaks in uganda (2010-2013). | african swine fever (asf) is a highly lethal and economically significant disease of domestic pigs in eastern africa particularly in uganda where outbreaks regularly occur. sequence analysis of variable genome regions have been extensively used for molecular epidemiological studies of african swine fever virus (asfv) isolates. by combining p72, p54 and pb602l (cvr), a high level resolution approach is achieved for viral discrimination. the major aim of this study therefore, was to investigate th ... | 2013 | 23914918 |
| anti-influenza a virus activity of uridine derivatives of 2-deoxy sugars. | influenza viruses are important pathogens that cause respiratory infections in humans and animals. apart from vaccinations, antiviral drugs play a significant role in controlling spread of the disease. influenza a virus contains two membrane glycoproteins on the external part of viral envelope: hemagglutinin (ha) and neuraminidase (na), which are crucial for productive infection in target cells. in the present work, two derivatives of tunicamycin - uridine derivatives of 2-deoxy sugars (designat ... | 2013 | 23911991 |
| prevalence of swine viral and bacterial pathogens in rodents and stray cats captured around pig farms in korea. | in 2008, 102 rodents and 24 stray cats from the areas around 9 pig farms in northeast south korea were used to determine the prevalence of the following selected swine pathogens: ten viral pathogens [porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev), rotavirus, classical swine fever virus (csfv), porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2), encephalomyocarditis virus (emcv), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), porcine parvovirus (ppv), pseudorabies ... | 2013 | 23892461 |
| molecular tracing of classical swine fever viruses isolated from wild boars and pigs in france from 2002 to 2011. | there were three outbreaks of classical swine fever (csf) in north-eastern france between 2002 and 2011. the first two occurred in april 2002 in the moselle department, in a wild boar and pig herd, respectively, while the third occurred in april 2003, in the bas-rhin department, in a wild boar. a survey was subsequently implemented in wild boar and domestic pig populations, during which 43 csf viruses (csfvs) were genetically characterized to provide information on virus sources, trace virus evo ... | 2013 | 23891170 |
| a nanoparticle-assisted pcr assay to improve the sensitivity for rapid detection and differentiation of wild-type pseudorabies virus and gene-deleted vaccine strains. | nanoparticle-assisted polymerase chain reaction (nanopcr) is a novel method for the rapid amplification of dna and has been adopted for the detection of virus because of its simplicity, rapidity, and specificity. a nanopcr assay was developed to detect and differentiate wild-type and gene-deleted pseudorabies virus (prv). three pairs of primers for nanopcr developed in this study were selected from conserved regions of prv, producing specific amplicons of 431 bp (gb), 316 bp (ge), and 202 bp (gg ... | 2013 | 23872268 |
| development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for the detection of porcine hokovirus. | hokoviruses have recently been detected as pathogens belonging to the family parvoviridae, which comprises porcine hokovirus (phov) and bovine hokovirus (bhov). in this study, we developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay for the rapid, specific and sensitive detection of phov. a set of four primers specific for six regions within the phov vp1/2 genes was designed using online software. the reaction temperature and time were optimized at 65°c and 60 min, respectively. lamp p ... | 2013 | 23850717 |
| preliminary mapping of non-conserved epitopes on envelope glycoprotein e2 of bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1 and 2. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) belongs together with classical swine fever virus (csfv) and border disease virus (bdv) to the genus pestivirus in the flaviviridae family. bvdv has been subdivided into two different species, bvdv1 and bvdv2 based on phylogenetic analysis. subsequent characterization of both strains revealed major antigenic differences. because the envelope glycoprotein e2 is the most immunodominant protein for all pestiviruses, the present study focused on epitope mapping by ... | 2013 | 23838147 |
| involvement of the reparative dna polymerase pol x of african swine fever virus in the maintenance of viral genome stability in vivo. | the function of the african swine fever virus (asfv) reparative dna polymerase, pol x, was investigated in the context of virus infection. pol x is a late structural protein that localizes at cytoplasmic viral factories during dna replication. using an asfv deletion mutant lacking the pol x gene, we have shown that pol x is not required for virus growth in vero cells or swine macrophages under one-step growth conditions. however, at a low multiplicity of infection, when multiple rounds of replic ... | 2013 | 23824796 |
| efficient sensing of infected cells in absence of virus particles by plasmacytoid dendritic cells is blocked by the viral ribonuclease e(rns.). | plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pdc) have been shown to efficiently sense hcv- or hiv-infected cells, using a virion-free pathway. here, we demonstrate for classical swine fever virus, a member of the flaviviridae, that this process is much more efficient in terms of interferon-alpha induction when compared to direct stimulation by virus particles. by employment of virus replicon particles or infectious rna which can replicate but not form de novo virions, we exclude a transfer of virus from the d ... | 2013 | 23785283 |
| molecular modeling and pharmacophore elucidation study of the classical swine fever virus helicase as a promising pharmacological target. | the classical swine fever virus (csfv) is a major pathogen of livestock and belongs to the flaviviridae viral family. even though there aren't any verified zoonosis cases yet, the outcomes of csfv epidemics have been devastating to local communities. in an effort to shed light to the molecular mechanisms underlying the structural and drug design potential of the viral helicase, the three dimensional structure of csfv helicase has been modeled using conventional homology modeling techniques and t ... | 2013 | 23781407 |
| phytochemical analysis and in-vitro anti-african swine fever virus activity of extracts and fractions of ancistrocladus uncinatus, hutch and dalziel (ancistrocladaceae). | african swine fever (asf), a highly contagious fatal acute haemorrhagic viral disease of pigs currently has no treatment or vaccination protocol and it threatens the pig industry worldwide. recent outbreaks were managed by farmers with ethnoveterinary preparations with various claims of effectiveness. | 2013 | 23777548 |
| deletion of virulence associated genes from attenuated african swine fever virus isolate our t88/3 decreases its ability to protect against challenge with virulent virus. | african swine fever virus (asfv) causes an acute haemorrhagic disease of domestic pigs against which there is no effective vaccine. the attenuated asfv strain our t88/3 has been shown previously to protect vaccinated pigs against challenge with some virulent strains including our t88/1. two genes, dp71l and dp96r were deleted from the our t88/3 genome to create recombinant virus our t88/3δdp2. deletion of these genes from virulent viruses has previously been shown to reduce asfv virulence in dom ... | 2013 | 23725691 |
| rapid detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus, influenza a virus and classical swine fever virus by high-speed real-time rt-pcr. | high sensitivity, minor risk of cross-contamination and in particular the rapid reaction time make quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) assays well suited for outbreak investigations as well as for monitoring epidemics of pathogens. in this study qpcr assays for three highly contagious animal diseases, namely foot-and-mouth-disease (fmd), influenza a (ia) and classical swine fever (csf) have been developed. furthermore, an amplification control targeting 18s ribosomal rna was ... | 2013 | 23702025 |
| simplified serum neutralization test based on enhanced green fluorescent protein-tagged classical swine fever virus. | the neutralization immunofluorescence test (nift), currently used for detecting neutralizing antibodies (nabs) against classical swine fever virus (csfv), is time-consuming. here, a simplified neutralization test based on enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp)-tagged csfv (egfp-nt) was developed for direct detection of anti-csfv nabs without immunostaining. the relative sensitivity and specificity between egfp-nt and nift or blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) were both 100%. t ... | 2013 | 23698523 |
| prospects for development of african swine fever virus vaccines. | african swine fever virus is a large dna virus which can cause an acute haemorrhagic fever in pigs resulting in high mortality. no vaccine is available, limiting options for control. the virus encodes up to 165 genes and virus particles are multi-layered and contain more than 50 proteins. pigs immunised with natural low virulence isolates or attenuated viruses produced by passage in tissue culture and by targeted gene deletions can be protected against challenge with virulent viruses. cd8+ cells ... | 2013 | 23689892 |
| numerical taxonomy of the genus pestivirus: new software for genotyping based on the palindromic nucleotide substitutions method. | the genus pestivirus from the family flaviviridae is represented by four established species; bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (bvdv-1); bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 (bvdv-2); border disease virus (bdv); and classical swine fever virus (csfv); as well a tentative species from a giraffe. the palindromic nucleotide substitutions (pns) in the 5' untranslated region (utr) of pestivirus rna has been described as a new, simple and practical method for genotyping. new software is described, also named pn ... | 2013 | 23684846 |
| transmission rate of african swine fever virus under experimental conditions. | african swine fever (asf) is a highly lethal, viral disease of swine. no vaccine is available, so controlling an asf outbreak is highly dependent on zoosanitary measures, such as stamping out infected herds and quarantining of affected areas. information on asf transmission parameters could allow for more efficient application of outbreak control measures. three transmission experiments were carried out to estimate the transmission parameters of two asf virus isolates: malta'78 (in two doses) an ... | 2013 | 23664069 |
| antigen targeting to apc: from mice to veterinary species. | antigen delivery to receptors expressed on antigen presenting cells (apc) has shown to improve immunogenicity of vaccines in mice. an enhancement of cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl), helper t cell or humoral responses was obtained depending on the type of apc and the surface molecule targeted. although this strategy is being also evaluated in livestock animals with promising results, some discrepancies have been found between species and pathogens. the genetic diversity of livestock animals, the dif ... | 2013 | 23648645 |
| molecular characterization of classical swine fever virus involved in the outbreak in mizoram. | classical swine fever is the most insidious and devastating disease of pigs and wild boars. the virus is closely related to the other members of the genus pestivirus. the outbreak recorded in mizoram, india was strategically important as the state shares porous international boundary with east asian countries. both immunodiagnostic and molecular techniques were used to confirm the involvement of classical swine fever virus (csfv) in this outbreak. sandwich elisa and direct fat could detect csfv ... | 2010 | 23637482 |
| characterization and expression of e2 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus in a eukaryotic expression system. | classical swine fever (csf) is an economically important office international des epizooties (oie) list a disease of swine characterized by high fever and multiple haemmorhages. the e2 glycoprotein of csfv is immunogenic and induces neutralizing antibodies against csfv. in the present study, complete coding region of the e2 gene from indian virulent field isolate (mathura) was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and subsequently cloned into a mammalian expressio ... | 2010 | 23637481 |
| [metagenomics-based detection of swine viruses]. | extreme varieties of viruses exist in the environment and animals, some of which are unknown. however, many unknown viruses are barely detected by means of conventional virus isolation and pcr assay. | 2013 | 23627112 |
| phylogenetic analysis using e2 gene of classical swine fever virus reveals a new subgenotype in china. | outbreaks of classical swine fever (csf) have caused serious economic consequences in china. phylogenetic analysis based on full-length e2 gene sequences showed that five classical swine fever virus (csfv) isolates collected from hunan province in 2011 and 2012, together with seven other isolates from neighboring provinces, guangdong (5) and guangxi (2), could be classified as a new subgenotype 2.1c, which may have been endemic in the south of china for at least fourteen years. subgenotype 2.1c ... | 2013 | 23608662 |
| quantification of airborne african swine fever virus after experimental infection. | knowledge on african swine fever (asf) transmission routes can be useful when designing control measures against the spread of asf virus (asfv). few studies have focused on the airborne transmission route, and until now no data has been available on quantities of asf virus (asfv) in the air. our aim was to validate an air sampling technique for asf virus (asfv) that could be used to detect and quantify virus excreted in the air after experimental infection of pigs. in an animal experiment with t ... | 2013 | 23608475 |
| detection of foot-and-mouth disease serotype o by elisa using a monoclonal antibody. | an elisa assay with monoclonal antibody (melisa) was used to type serotype o of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv). all fmdv serotype o reference strains were positive by melisa, while other viruses such as fmdv serotypes asia 1, c, and a and classical swine fever virus, swine vesicular disease virus, and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus remained negative. furthermore, fmdv serotype o positive samples were able to be detected by melisa. this assay may be particularly suitable ... | 2013 | 23600506 |
| complete genome sequences of classical swine fever virus strains isolated from wild boars in south korea. | classical swine fever is a disease that is devastating the pig industry worldwide. here, we report the complete genome sequences of two classical swine virus strains (yc11wb and pc11wb), isolated from korean wild boars in 2011. both strains belong to subgenotype 2.1b. the complete genome sequences of pc11wb and yc11wb are more similar to that of strain zj0801 (isolated in china) than to that of the sw03 strain isolated from domestic pigs in south korea. | 2013 | 23599291 |
| hyper-enhanced production of foreign recombinant protein by fusion with the partial polyhedrin of nucleopolyhedrovirus. | to enhance the production efficiency of foreign protein in baculovirus expression systems, the effects of polyhedrin fragments were investigated by fusion expressing them with the enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp). recombinant viruses were generated to express egfp fused with polyhedrin fragments based on the previously reported minimal region for self-assembly and the krkk nuclear localization signal (nls). fusion expressions with polyhedrin amino acids 19 to 110 and 32 to 110 lead to l ... | 2013 | 23593321 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) infections in pigs. | cattle are the natural hosts of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), which causes mucosal disease, respiratory and gastrointestinal tract infections, and reproductive problems in cattle. however, bvdv can also infect goats, sheep, deer, and pigs. the prevalence of bvdv infection in pig herds has substantially increased in the last several years, causing increased economic losses to the global pig breeding industry. this article is a summary of bvdv infections in pigs, including a historical overv ... | 2013 | 23587625 |
| identification and characterization of mimotopes of classical swine fever virus e2 glycoprotein using specific anti-e2 monoclonal antibodies. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) shares high nucleic acid and amino acid sequence homology with the other members of the pestivirus genus, namely bovine viral diarrhea virus and border disease virus. all three viruses are able to infect swine and generate cross reactive antibodies, which is problematic during differential diagnosis for classical swine fever (csf). toward the development of a new generation of csf specific diagnostic tools, monoclonal antibodies specific for csfv were mapped us ... | 2013 | 23583685 |
| viroporin activity and membrane topology of classic swine fever virus p7 protein. | viroporins are a group of viral proteins that participate in viral replication cycles, including modification of membrane permeability and promotion of viral release. although biological data have been accumulated on viroporion-like proteins of other viruses belonging to family flaviviridae, the viroporin activity and membrane topology of p7 protein from classical swine fever virus (csfv), a member of the genus pestivirus of the family flaviviridae, are largely unknown. in this study, sequence a ... | 2013 | 23583663 |
| analysis of classical swine fever virus rna replication determinants using replicons. | self-replicating rnas (replicons), with or without reporter gene sequences, derived from the genome of the paderborn strain of classical swine fever virus (csfv) have been produced. the full-length viral cdna, propagated within a bacterial artificial chromosome, was modified by targeted recombination within escherichia coli. rna transcripts were produced in vitro and introduced into cells by electroporation. the translation and replication of the replicon rnas could be followed by the accumulati ... | 2013 | 23580431 |
| [study on using nsp2 protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (hun4-f112) to express e2 neutralizing epitope of classical swine fever virus]. | establishment of recombinant porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) with co-expression e2 epitope of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is a crucial step to develop a genetic engineered vaccine against prrsv and csfv. reverse genetic manipulation could be adopted as a com monly used technique. in this study, we focus on using nonessential regions of nsp2 (aa480-532 and aa508-532) as viral vector to express e2 epitope of csfv. a neutralizing epitope of classical swine fever v ... | 2013 | 23547375 |
| suppression of immune responses in pigs by nonstructural protein 1 of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. | porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) is characterized by a delayed and defective adaptive immune response. the viral nonstructural protein 1 (nsp1) of the prrs virus (prrsv) is able to suppress the type i interferon (ifn) response in vitro. in this study, recombinant adenoviruses (rads) expressing nsp1 (rad-nsp1), glycoprotein 5 (gp5) (rad-gp5), and the nsp1-gp5 fusion protein (rad-nsp1-gp5) were constructed, and the effect of nsp1 on immune responses was investigated in pigs. pi ... | 2012 | 23543950 |
| multiplex pcr for the simultaneous detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, classical swine fever virus, and porcine circovirus in pigs. | a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was designed for the simultaneous detection of three viruses involved in reproductive and respiratory failure in pigs: porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv), classical swine fever virus (csfv) and porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2). each target produced a specific amplicon with a size of 718 bp (prrsv), 288 bp (csfv), or 466 bp (pcv-2). the sensitivity of the multiplex pcr using purified plasmid constructs containing the specific v ... | 2013 | 23524252 |
| evaluation of classical swine fever virus antibody detection assays with an emphasis on the differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the general characteristics of commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) to detect antibody against classical swine fever (csf), as well as to assess their potential use as accompanying marker tests able to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals (diva). the chekit* csf-sero and the herdchek* csfv ab, both of which detect antibodies against the e2 protein of classical swine fever virus (csfv), had the highest sensitivity. both ... | 2012 | 23520753 |
| intra-host variation structure of classical swine fever virus ns5b in relation to antiviral therapy. | classical swine fever (csf) is one of most important diseases of the suidea with severe social economic consequences in case of outbreaks. antivirals have been demonstrated, in recent publications, to be an interesting alternative method of fighting the disease. however, classical swine fever virus is an rna virus which presents a challenge as intra-host variation and the error prone rna dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) could lead to the emergence/selection of resistant variants hampering further ... | 2013 | 23511203 |
| development and partial validation of a recombinant e2-based indirect elisa for detection of specific igm antibody responses against classical swine fever virus. | detecting classical swine fever virus specific antibody responses is critical for prevention and control of csf. in this study, a δe2-based indirect elisa was developed to detect specific igm antibodies against csfv. the optimized conditions that were determined experimentally are: a δe2 antigen concentration of 0.5 μg/ml, a serum sample dilution of 1/100 incubated at 37°c for 1.5 h, and a hrp conjugated rabbit anti-pig igm dilution of 1/50,000 incubated at 37°c for 1 h. three hundred clinical s ... | 2013 | 23500647 |
| hemoglobin subunit beta interacts with the capsid protein and antagonizes the growth of classical swine fever virus. | the capsid (c) protein of the flaviviridae family members is involved in nucleocapsid formation and virion assembly. however, the influence of c protein-interacting partners on the outcome of pestivirus infections is poorly defined. in this study, hemoglobin subunit beta (hb) was identified as a c protein-binding protein by glutathione s-transferase pulldown and subsequent mass spectrometry analysis of pk-15 cells, which are permissive cells for classical swine fever virus (csfv). coimmunoprecip ... | 2013 | 23487454 |
| detection of african swine fever virus dna in blood samples stored on fta cards from asymptomatic pigs in mbeya region, tanzania. | the aim of the study was to assess whether blood samples collected onto fta(®) cards could be used in combination with real-time pcr for the detection of african swine fever virus (asfv) dna in samples from resource-poor settings under the assumption that asymptomatically (sub-clinically) infected pigs may be present. blood samples were collected from clinically healthy pigs from mbeya region, tanzania. the blood samples were stored on fta(®) cards and analysed by real-time pcr assays in duplica ... | 2015 | 23472656 |
| conformational and thermal stability improvements for the large-scale production of yeast-derived rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus-like particles as multipurpose vaccine. | recombinant virus-like particles (vlp) antigenically similar to rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (rhdv) were recently expressed at high levels inside pichia pastoris cells. based on the potential of rhdv vlp as platform for diverse vaccination purposes we undertook the design, development and scale-up of a production process. conformational and stability issues were addressed to improve process control and optimization. analyses on the structure, morphology and antigenicity of these multimers we ... | 2013 | 23460801 |
| bacmam immunization partially protects pigs against sublethal challenge with african swine fever virus. | lack of vaccines and efficient control measures complicate the control and eradication of african swine fever (asf). limitations of conventional inactivated and attenuated virus-based vaccines against african swine fever virus (asfv) highlight the need to use new technologies to develop efficient and safe vaccines against this virus. with this aim in mind, in this study we have constructed bacmam-shapq, a baculovirus based vector for gene transfer into mammalian cells, expressing a fusion protei ... | 2013 | 23428670 |
| in vitro antiviral activity of fluoroquinolones against african swine fever virus. | african swine fever (asf) is a viral swine disease against which neither an effective vaccine nor a treatment is available. the antiviral effect of thirty fluoroquinolones on the infectivity of african swine fever virus (asfv) was screened in vitro. there was a severe reduction of the cytopathic effect in asfv-infected vero cells when exposed to six independent fluoroquinolones, or to some of their combinations, from an early phase of infection. moreover, after 7-day treatments, asfv genome coul ... | 2013 | 23415476 |
| approaches to define the viral genetic basis of classical swine fever virus virulence. | classical swine fever (csf), a highly contagious disease of pigs caused by the classical swine fever virus (csfv), can lead to important economic losses in the pig industry. numerous csfv isolates with various degrees of virulence have been isolated worldwide, ranging from low virulent strains that do not result in any apparent clinical signs to highly virulent strains that cause a severe peracute hemorrhagic fever with nearly 100% mortality. knowledge of the molecular determinants of csfv virul ... | 2013 | 23415391 |
| sequencing approach to analyze the role of quasispecies for classical swine fever. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is a positive-sense rna virus with a high degree of genetic variability among isolates. high diversity is also found in virulence, with strains covering the complete spectrum from avirulent to highly virulent. the underlying genetic determinants are far from being understood. since rna polymerases of rna viruses lack any proof-reading activity, different genome variations called haplotypes, occur during replication. a set of haplotypes is referred to as a viral ... | 2013 | 23415390 |
| complete genome sequences of classical swine fever virus isolates belonging to a new subgenotype, 2.1c, from hunan province, china. | two isolates of a new classical swine fever virus (csfv) subgenotype, 2.1c (hnly-2011 and hnsd-2012), were recently isolated from pigs in hunan province, china. the most significant difference in the amino acid sequences of the polyproteins from subgenotypes 2.1a and 2.1b is an spa → tpv amino acid substitution at positions 777 and 779 in the e2 protein. | 2013 | 23405338 |
| cp7_e2alf oral vaccination confers partial protection against early classical swine fever virus challenge and interferes with pathogeny-related cytokine responses. | the conventional c-strain vaccine induces early protection against classical swine fever (csf), but infected animals cannot be distinguished from vaccinated animals. the cp7_e2alf marker vaccine, a pestivirus chimera, could be a suitable substitute for c-strain vaccine to control csf outbreaks. in this study, single oral applications of cp7_e2alf and c-strain vaccines were compared for their efficacy to induce protection against a csf virus (csfv) challenge with the moderately virulent bas-rhin ... | 2013 | 23398967 |
| asfv in tanzania: asymptomatic pigs harbor virus of molecular similarity to georgia 2007. | in 2011 african swine fever virus (asfv) genome was detected in asymptomatic pigs in field samples in mbeya, tanzania. the aim of this paper is to partly characterize the virus that was harbored in these pigs and furthermore to confirm, by a second sampling, the latest occurrence of asfv in the study area. asfv genome was detected in serum from 10 out of 127 healthy european/crossbreed pigs. asfv dna was polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplified and sequenced from sera with high viral loads usin ... | 2013 | 23398669 |
| host dna damage response facilitates african swine fever virus infection. | studies with different viral infection models on virus interactions with the host cell nucleus have opened new perspectives on our understanding of the molecular basis of these interactions in african swine fever virus (asfv) infection. the present study aims to characterize the host dna damage response (ddr) occurring upon in vitro infection with the asfv-ba71v isolate. we evaluated protein levels during asfv time-course infection, of several signalling cascade factors belonging to ddr pathways ... | 2013 | 23398667 |
| comparison of pcr methods for detection of classical swine fever virus and other pestiviruses. | classical swine fever (csf) is a notifiable, highly contagious disease of swine controlled mainly with costly administrative methods. swine may be infected not only with classical swine fever virus (csfv), but also with other, non porcine, genetically and antigenically related pestiviruses. differentiation of infections with csfv and other pestiviruses is a crucial element of diagnostics. in the present study two real-time pcr methods and conventional one-tube nested pcr for specific detection o ... | 2012 | 23390749 |
| african swine fever virus conquers new territories. | 2013 | 23376880 | |
| down-regulation of cellular protein heme oxygenase 1 inhibits proliferation of classical swine fever virus in pk-15 cells. | heme oxygenase 1 (ho-1) is an inducible enzyme that exerts potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which also plays a critical role in host defenses against microbial, and particularly viral, infections. in our previous study, up-regulation of ho-1 was observed in peripheral blood leukocytes (pbls) by genomic expression profiling, following infection of pigs with virulent classical swine fever virus (csfv), the causative agent of a highly contagious disease threatening global pig indus ... | 2013 | 23357296 |
| hobi-like viruses: an emerging group of pestiviruses. | the genus pestivirus is composed of 4 important pathogens of livestock: bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 and 2 (bvdv-1 and bvdv-2), classical swine fever virus (csfv), and border disease virus of sheep (bdv). bvdv are major pathogens of cattle, and infection results in significant economic loss worldwide. a new putative pestivirus species, tentatively called "hobi-like," "bvdv-3," or "atypical pestiviruses," was first identified in europe in fetal bovine serum (fbs) imported from brazil. hobi-like ... | 2013 | 23345268 |
| surveillance of bungowannah pestivirus in the upper midwestern usa. | pestiviruses, a genetically and antigenically highly diverse group, include one of the most historically significant swine pathogens, that is, classical swine fever virus. in australia, investigations into swine outbreaks characterized by neonatal mortality, stillbirths and mummified foetuses resulted in the discovery of a new pestivirus, bungowannah virus. this finding raised the possibility that bungowannah virus, or a variant thereof, was circulating in swine herds elsewhere in the world. if ... | 2014 | 23343245 |
| detection of african swine fever virus-like sequences in ponds in the mississippi delta through metagenomic sequencing. | metagenomic characterization of water virome was performed in four mississippi catfish ponds. although differing considerably from african swine fever virus (asfv), 48 of 446,100 sequences from 12 samples were similar enough to indicate that they represent new members in the family asfarviridae. at present, asfv is the only member of asfarviridae, and this study presents the first indication of a similar virus in north america. at this point, there is no indication that the identified virus(es) ... | 2013 | 23338931 |
| standardization of pathological investigations in the framework of experimental asfv infections. | african swine fever is still one of the major viral diseases of swine for which a commercial vaccine is lacking. for the design and development of such preventive products, researchers involved in african swine fever virus (asfv) vaccinology need standardized challenge protocols and well characterized clinical, pathological and immunological responses of inbreed and outbreed pigs to different viral strains and vaccine-like products. the different approaches used should be assessed by immunologis ... | 2013 | 23313935 |
| genome and molecular characterization of a csfv strain isolated from a csf outbreak in south china. | in the present study, the full-length nucleotide sequences of the csfv-gz-2009 strain of classical swine fever virus (csfv) isolated from a hog pen in guangdong province in china was determined. results demonstrated that the genome of csfv-gz-2009 is 12,298 nucleotides (nt) in length, is composed of a 373-nt 5'-untranslated region (utr), has an 11,697-nt open reading frame encoding a polyprotein of 3,898 amino acids, and has a 228-nt 3'-utr. genome comparison of the csfv-gz-2009 isolate (genbank ... | 2013 | 23296074 |
| african swine fever virus organelle rearrangements. | like most viruses african swine fever virus (asfv) subsumes the host cell apparatus in order to facilitate its replication. asfv replication is a highly orchestrated process with a least four stages of transcription, immediate-early, early, intermediate and late. as the infective cycle progresses through these stages most if not all of the organelles that comprise a nucleated cell are modified, adapted or in some cases destroyed. the entry of the virus is receptor-mediated, but the precise mecha ... | 2013 | 23291273 |
| real-time spr characterization of the interactions between multi-epitope proteins and antibodies against classical swine fever virus. | the envelope glycoprotein e2 is the major immunodominant protein of the classical swine fever virus and can induce neutralizing antibodies and protective host-immune responses in infected swine. we designed, expressed, and purified multi-epitope protein (gst-bt22) that contains a tandem repeat of the e2 antigenic-determinant residues 693-704, 770-780, and 826-843, each of which is separated by a ggssgg sequence. in the same manner, we also designed, expressed, and purified a second protein (gst- ... | 2013 | 23291170 |
| increased viral load and prevalence of torque teno sus virus 2 (ttsuv2) in pigs experimentally infected with classical swine fever virus (csfv). | torque teno sus viruses (ttsuvs) are considered non-pathogenic viruses, although lately they have been linked to porcine circovirus diseases, mainly with post weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). these associations point out a possible pathogenic role of ttsuvs or, alternatively, that ttsuv replication is up-regulated under disease conditions. in order to further explore the association of ttsuvs with disease occurrence, ttsuvs prevalence and viral load were assessed before and after a ... | 2012 | 23274109 |
| african swine fever in the north caucasus region and the russian federation in years 2007-2012. | since the introduction of the virus into the republic of georgia in 2007 african swine fever (asf) has become a large-scale epidemic involving the domestic pig population but wild boars are involved as well. from 2008 to 2009 the asf epidemic affected wild and domestic pigs in all the southern regions of the russian federation (rf). the driving force of the epidemic in its initial stages was direct contact between infected wild boars and between wild boars and traditionally free-ranging domestic ... | 2012 | 23266725 |
| modulation of chemokine and chemokine receptor expression following infection of porcine macrophages with african swine fever virus. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is the only member of the asfarviridae, a large dna virus family which replicates predominantly in the cytoplasm. most isolates cause a fatal haemorrhagic disease in domestic pigs, although some low virulence isolates cause little or no mortality. the modulation of chemokine responses following infection of porcine macrophages with low and high virulence isolates was studied to indicate how this may be involved in the induction of pathogenesis and of effective im ... | 2012 | 23265239 |
| african swine fever virus-cell interactions: from virus entry to cell survival. | viruses have adapted to evolve complex and dynamic interactions with their host cell. the viral entry mechanism determines viral tropism and pathogenesis. the entry of african swine fever virus (asfv) is dynamin-dependent and clathrin-mediated, but other pathways have been described such as macropinocytosis. during endocytosis, asfv viral particles undergo disassembly in various compartments that the virus passes through en route to the site of replication. this disassembly relies on the acid ph ... | 2012 | 23262167 |
| the feasibility of a novel bioreactor for vaccine production of classical swine fever virus. | the performance of a new type of tide mode culture system was investigated in this study. this novel bioreactor provides two separated stages, liquid and gas, for cell growth requirements. the immobilized cells absorbed the nutrient from medium during the liquid stage and subsequently were exposed directly to fresh air to absorb oxygen during the gas stage. operating with pk15 cells under optimal conditions, we obtained 2.3×10(9) cells in 500ml reactor. it is 30 times higher than the initial ino ... | 2013 | 23261041 |
| detection of foot-and-mouth disease serotype o by elisa using a monoclonal antibody. | an elisa assay with monoclonal antibody (melisa) was used to type serotype o of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv). all fmdv serotype o reference strains were positive by melisa, while other viruses such as fmdv serotypes asia 1, c, a and classical swine fever virus, swine vesicular disease virus, and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus remained negative. further, fmdv serotype o positive samples were able to be detected by melisa. this assay may be particularly suitable for dia ... | 2012 | 23244327 |
| a179l, a new viral bcl2 homolog targeting beclin 1 autophagy related protein. | autophagy is a relevant cellular defense mechanism that directly eliminates intracellular pathogens and has a crucial role for innate and adaptive immune responses. some viruses have developed tools to counteract this cellular response. a179l, the viral bcl2 homolog of african swine fever virus, interacts with proapoptotic bcl2 family proteins to inhibit apoptosis. here we report that this gene manipulates autophagy by interacting with beclin 1 through its bh3 homology domain. at subcellular lev ... | 2013 | 23228131 |
| poly(c)-binding protein 1, a novel n(pro)-interacting protein involved in classical swine fever virus growth. | n(pro) is a multifunctional autoprotease unique to pestiviruses. the interacting partners of the n(pro) protein of classical swine fever virus (csfv), a swine pestivirus, have been insufficiently defined. using a yeast two-hybrid screen, we identified poly(c)-binding protein 1 (pcbp1) as a novel interacting partner of the csfv n(pro) protein and confirmed this by coimmunoprecipitation, glutathione s-transferase (gst) pulldown, and confocal assays. knockdown of pcbp1 by small interfering rna supp ... | 2012 | 23221550 |
| rna helicase is involved in the expression and replication of classical swine fever virus and interacts with untranslated region. | to investigate whether cytoplasmic rna helicase a (rha) influences the expression and replication of classical swine fever virus (csfv), an sirna molecule targeted to rha was transfected into pk-15 cells. the sirna was found to reduce cytoplasmic rha. in csfv subgenomic replicon transfected cells, incubation with the sirnas negatively impacted viral ns3 and rna production. in the csfv infected cells, treatment with the sirna resulted in a significant reduction of viral replication by 65-70%. fur ... | 2013 | 23220337 |
| comparison of african swine fever virus prevalence and risk in two contrasting pig-farming systems in south-west and central kenya. | we describe a horizontal survey of african swine fever virus (asfv) prevalence and risk factors associated with virus infection in domestic pigs in two contrasting production systems in kenya. a free range/tethering, low input production system in ndhiwa district of south-western kenya is compared with a medium input stall fed production system in kiambu district of central kenya. analysis of variance (anova) of data derived from cluster analysis showed that number of animals, number of breeding ... | 2013 | 23219357 |
| cellular immunity in asfv responses. | african swine fever virus (asfv) infection usually results in an acute haemorrhagic disease with a mortality rate approaching 100% in domestic pigs. however, pigs can survive infection with less-virulent isolates of asfv and may become chronically infected. surviving animals are resistant to challenge with homologous or, in some cases, closely related isolates of the virus indicating that pigs can develop protective immunity against asfv. during asymptomatic, non-virulent asfv infections natural ... | 2013 | 23201582 |
| efficient and stable rescue of classical swine fever virus from cloned cdna using an rna polymerase ii system. | conventional reverse genetics for classical swine fever virus (csfv) is based on the transfection of permissive cells with either in vitro or intracellularly synthesized rna transcripts from a viral genomic cdna clone. these strategies are complicated, inefficient and time-consuming. this study is aimed to develop an improved reverse genetics method for the direct, rapid and efficient recovery of csfv from cloned cdna. the cdna clone pbrcism was constructed, which harbors the full-length genomic ... | 2013 | 23192173 |
| classical swine fever virus failed to activate nuclear factor-kappa b signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is the cause of csf which is a severe disease of pigs, leading to heavy economic losses in many regions of the world. nuclear factor-kappa b (nf-κb) is a critical regulator of innate and adaptive immunity, and commonly activated upon viral infection. in our previous study, we found that csfv could suppress the maturation and modulate the functions of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (mo-dcs) without activating nf-κb pathway. to further prove the effects of csfv ... | 2012 | 23186553 |
| african swine fever virus, tanzania, 2010-2012. | 2012 | 23171814 | |
| identification and utility of innate immune system evasion mechanisms of asfv. | the interferon (ifn) system is an early innate anti-virus host defense mechanism that takes place shortly after entry of the pathogen and long before the onset of adaptive immunity. thus, african swine fever virus (asfv), as an acute and persistent virus in pigs, is predicted to have evolved multiple genes for the manipulation and evasion of interferon. although, asfv is known to interfere with signaling pathways controlling the transcription of cytokines, surprisingly no individual virus gene m ... | 2013 | 23165138 |
| particle tracking analysis for the intracellular trafficking of nanoparticles modified with african swine fever virus protein p54-derived peptide. | previous studies showed that the cytoplasmic transport of nanoparticles to the nucleus is driven by a vesicular sorting system. artificial approaches for targeting a microtubule-associating motor complex is also a challenge. we describe herein the development of a liposomal nanoparticle, the surface of which is modified with stearylated octa-arginine (str-r8), and a dynein light chain (lc8)-associated peptide derived from an african swine fever virus protein p54 (p54(149-161)) with polyethyleneg ... | 2013 | 23164937 |
| a comparative analysis on the synonymous codon usage pattern in viral functional genes and their translational initiation region of asfv. | the synonymous codon usage pattern of african swine fever virus (asfv), the similarity degree of the synonymous codon usage between this virus and some organisms and the synonymous codon usage bias for the translation initiation region of viral functional genes in the whole genome of asfv have been investigated by some simply statistical analyses. although both gc12% (the gc content at the first and second codon positions) and gc3% (the gc content at the third codon position) of viral functional ... | 2013 | 23161403 |
| antibody-mediated neutralization of african swine fever virus: myths and facts. | almost all viruses can be neutralized by antibodies. however, there is some controversy about antibody-mediated neutralization of african swine fever virus (asfv) with sera from convalescent pigs and about the protective relevance of antibodies in experimentally vaccinated pigs. at present, there is no vaccine available for this highly lethal and economically relevant virus and all classical attempts to generate a vaccine have been unsuccessful. this failure has been attributed, in part, to what ... | 2013 | 23159730 |
| african swine fever virus controls the host transcription and cellular machinery of protein synthesis. | throughout a viral infection, the infected cell reprograms the gene expression pattern in order to establish a satisfactory antiviral response. african swine fever virus (asfv), like other complex dna viruses, sets up a number of strategies to evade the host's defense systems, such as apoptosis, inflammation and immune responses. the capability of the virus to persist in its natural hosts and in domestic pigs, which recover from infection with less virulent isolates, suggests that the virus disp ... | 2013 | 23154157 |
| comprehensive evaluation of the adenovirus/alphavirus-replicon chimeric vector-based vaccine radv-sfv-e2 against classical swine fever. | classical swine fever (csf) is an economically important, highly contagious swine disease caused by classical swine fever virus (csfv). marker vaccines and companion serological diagnostic tests are thought to be a promising strategy for future control and eradication of csf. previously, we have demonstrated that an adenovirus-vectored semliki forest virus replicon construct expressing the e2 glycoprotein from csfv, radv-sfv-e2, induced sterile immunity against a lethal csfv challenge. in this s ... | 2013 | 23153441 |
| african swine fever virus replication and genomics. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is a large icosahedral dna virus which replicates predominantly in the cytoplasm of infected cells. the asfv double-stranded dna genome varies in length from about 170 to 193 kbp depending on the isolate and contains between 150 and 167 open reading frames. these are closely spaced and read from both dna strands. the virus genome termini are covalently closed by imperfectly base-paired hairpin loops that are present in two forms that are complimentary and inverte ... | 2013 | 23142553 |
| african swine fever virus eradication in africa. | african swine fever was reported in domestic pigs in 26 african countries during the period 2009-2011. the virus exists in an ancient sylvatic cycle between warthogs (phacochoerus africanus) and argasid ticks of the ornithodoros moubata complex in many of the countries reporting outbreaks and in two further countries in the region. eradication of the virus from the countries in eastern and southern africa where the classic sylvatic cycle occurs is clearly not an option. however, the virus has be ... | 2013 | 23142552 |
| the survey of porcine teschoviruses in field samples in china with a universal rapid probe real-time rt-pcr assay. | a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) based on taqman was established and evaluated for quantitative detection of porcine teschoviruses (ptvs). a pair of primers and a taqman probe targeting on the highly conserved sequence of the 5'-untranslated region (5'-utr) of one to 11 serotypes of ptv were designed. standard plasmid dna containing pcr amplification of the 5'-utr were constructed and used to develop the real-time rt-pcr. the results indicated that the real-ti ... | 2013 | 23138413 |
| endosomal maturation, rab7 gtpase and phosphoinositides in african swine fever virus entry. | here we analyzed the dependence of african swine fever virus (asfv) infection on the integrity of the endosomal pathway. using confocal immunofluorescence with antibodies against viral capsid proteins, we found colocalization of incoming viral particles with early endosomes (ee) during the first minutes of infection. conversely, viral capsid protein was not detected in acidic late endosomal compartments, multivesicular bodies (mvbs), late endosomes (les) or lysosomes (ly). using an antibody agai ... | 2012 | 23133661 |
| virological diagnosis of african swine fever--comparative study of available tests. | the rapid and reliable detection of african swine fever virus (asfv) is essential both for timely implementation of control measures to prevent the spread of disease, and to differentiate african swine fever (asf) from other pig disease with similar clinical presentations. many virological tests are currently available for the detection of asfv (live virus), antigen and genome, including virus isolation, elisa, fluorescent antibody, polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and isothermal assays. in recen ... | 2013 | 23131492 |
| african swine fever virus serodiagnosis: a general review with a focus on the analyses of african serum samples. | african swine fever (asf) is an infectious disease that causes heavy mortality in domestic pigs. at present there is no vaccine against asf, and eradication in countries where the disease is endemic is based only on competent diagnosis programs and the sacrifice of infected animals. due to the presence of natural attenuated strains, certain infection conditions may result in reduced mortality. in these situations, the disease can be diagnosed by detection of specific antibodies. the use of class ... | 2013 | 23131491 |
| epidemiology of african swine fever virus. | african swine fever virus used to occur primarily in africa. there had been occasional incursions into europe or america which apart from the endemic situation on the island of sardinia always had been successfully controlled. but following an introduction of the virus in 2007, it now has expanded its geographical distribution into caucasus and eastern europe where it has not been controlled, to date. african swine fever affects domestic and wild pig species, and can involve tick vectors. the ab ... | 2013 | 23123296 |
| strain-specific monoclonal antibodies to the e2 protein of classical swine fever virus, paderborn strain. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the e2 protein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) are useful for diagnosis and strain characterization. a purified, baculovirus-expressed csfv e2 protein from the paderborn strain was formulated with a saponin adjuvant and successfully used to induce an antigen-specific immune response in mice. after cell fusion a panel, designated f92g, of 12 mouse hybridomas (5-2, 11-1, 14-1, 25-2, 28-2, 31-1, 34-1, 35-2, 37-3, 38-2, 39-1, 41-1) producing csfv-e2 specifi ... | 2012 | 23098300 |
| development and evaluation of indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for a screening test to detect antibodies against classical swine fever virus. | an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for a screening test to detect antibodies against classical swine fever virus (csfv). viral glycoproteins, which were purified from swine kidney cells infected with csfv ald/a76 strain by the immunoaffinity purification using monoclonal antibody against e2 protein, were adsorbed on a microtiter plate as the antigen for the antibody detection. each antibody titer of serum sample was expressed as a sample per positive value calcul ... | 2012 | 23094583 |
| co-expression of erns and e2 genes of classical swine fever virus by replication-defective recombinant adenovirus completely protects pigs against virulent challenge with classical swine fever virus. | the objective of this study was to construct a recombinant adenovirus for future csfv vaccines used in the pig industry for the reduction of losses involved in csf outbreaks. the erns and e2 genes of classical swine fever virus (csfv), which encode the two main protective glycoproteins from the "shimen" strain of csfv, were combined and inserted into the replication-defective human adenovirus type-5 and named the rad-erns-e2. nine pigs were randomly assigned to three treatment groups (three pigs ... | 2013 | 23092714 |
| african swine fever virus infection in ornithodoros ticks. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is an arbovirus which is vectored by soft ticks of the ornithodoros spp. and in the sylvatic cycle infects wart hogs and bush pigs. asfv infection of domestic swine causes a high mortality disease. on the other hand, asfv infection of the tick can result in a high-titered and persistent infection depending upon the asfv isolate and the tick combination. recently, morphological, classical virology (titration) and recombinant asfv have been used to study the cellul ... | 2013 | 23085123 |
| interactive cellular proteins related to classical swine fever virus non-structure protein 2 by yeast two-hybrid analysis. | classical swine fever is caused by the classical swine fever virus (csfv), which has a special affinity to endothelial cells. this fever is characterized by hemorrhage and necrosis of vascular injury. very little information is available on the interaction between vascular endothelial cells and csfv. in the current report, the cdna library of swine umbilical vein endothelial cell (suvec) was constructed by the switching mechanism at 5' end of the rna transcript approach. the yeast two-hybrid (y2 ... | 2012 | 23076522 |
| african swine fever virus morphogenesis. | this review summarizes recent structural and molecular biology studies related to the morphogenesis of african swine fever virus (asfv). asfv possesses icosahedral morphology and is constituted by four concentric layers: the central nucleoid, the core shell, the inner envelope and the icosahedral capsid. the extracellular virus acquires an external envelope by budding through the plasma membrane. the genes coding for 19 of the 54 structural proteins of the asfv particle are known and the localiz ... | 2013 | 23059353 |
| pathway analysis in blood cells of pigs infected with classical swine fever virus: comparison of pigs that develop a chronic form of infection or recover. | infection of pigs with csfv can lead to either acute disease, resulting in death or recovery, or chronic disease. the mechanisms by which csfv manipulates the pig's first line of defence to establish a chronic infection are poorly understood. therefore, pigs were infected with moderately virulent csfv, and whole blood was collected on a regular basis during a period of 18 days. using whole-genome microarrays, time-dependent changes in gene expression were recorded in blood cells of chronically d ... | 2013 | 23053521 |
| dna vaccination partially protects against african swine fever virus lethal challenge in the absence of antibodies. | the lack of available vaccines against african swine fever virus (asfv) means that the evaluation of new immunization strategies is required. here we show that fusion of the extracellular domain of the asfv hemagglutinin (sha) to p54 and p30, two immunodominant structural viral antigens, exponentially improved both the humoral and the cellular responses induced in pigs after dna immunization. however, immunization with the resulting plasmid (pcmv-shapq) did not confer protection against lethal c ... | 2012 | 23049728 |
| laboratory methods to study african swine fever virus. | we summarize findings of comparative studies in different cells cultures susceptible to asfv infection, through the analysis of virus components and infectious virus particles production, as alternative means to grow field and laboratory asfv strains. we also provide different methods to assay the infectivity of asfv samples and to purify the infective virus particles. finally we describe the general strategy to construct virus deletion mutants that can be engineered to obtain attenuated asfv st ... | 2013 | 23041357 |
| african swine fever virus transcription. | african swine fever virus (asfv), a large, enveloped, icosahedral dsdna virus, is currently the only known dna-containing arbovirus and the only recognized member of the family asfarviridae. its genome encodes more than 150 open reading frames that are densely distributed, separated by short intergenic regions. asfv gene expression follows a complex temporal programming. four classes of mrnas have been identified by its distinctive accumulation kinetics. gene transcription is coordinated with dn ... | 2013 | 23041356 |
| [dynamics of changes in the composition of leukocyte population of peripheral blood during the african swine fever]. | the comparison of the composition of leukocytes of peripheral blood of healthy and infected swine revealed the quantitative alterations, as well as the appearance of new cells in leukocyte population during african swine fever. it was determined that african swine fever virus induced mass-scale mortality of cells of peripheral blood, especially lymphocytes and neutrophiles. the number of the dead cells reaches 60% of the initial number of all cells at the end of infection. it was also revealed t ... | 2016 | 23012981 |
| viral metagenomics demonstrates that domestic pigs are a potential reservoir for ndumu virus. | the rising demand for pork has resulted in a massive expansion of pig production in uganda. this has resulted in increased contact between humans and pigs. pigs can act as reservoirs for emerging infectious diseases. therefore identification of potential zoonotic pathogens is important for public health surveillance. in this study, during a routine general surveillance for african swine fever, domestic pigs from uganda were screened for the presence of rna and dna viruses using a high-throughput ... | 2012 | 23006778 |