Publications

auto-reactions, autoimmunity and psoriatic arthritis.	evidence from the literature suggests that autoimmune processes may drive features of psoriatic arthritis (psa). such hypothesis is supported by the evidence that class i major histocompatibility complex (mhc) genes are associated with susceptibility to develop psa and auto-reactive cells, such as cd8 t cells, t helper (h) 17 and plasma cells, have been demonstrated in psa. however, no autoantigens have ever been demonstrated in psa. the presence of a new autoantibody system, anti-carbamylated p ...	2015	26254734
application of dopaminergic antagonist: metoclopramide, in reproduction of crucian carp carassius carassius (l.) under controlled conditions.	the effectiveness of ovopel (two pellets/kg body weight), a complex of [d-ala(6) pro(9)net-mgnrh] and dopamine antagonist (da e.g. metoclopramide, met), was compared with the application met alone at the dose of 20mg/kg body weight in spawning crucian carp carassius carassius (l.) in the present study. ovulation and spermation rates were greater after met application (90% and 100%, respectively) in comparison to the ovopel (80% and 87.5%, respectively) when used as a broodstock reproductive stim ...	2015	26254249
role of peptidases of the intestinal microflora and prey in temperature adaptations of the digestive system in planktivorous and benthivorous fish.	many fish enzymatic systems possess limited adaptations to low temperature; however, little data are available to judge whether enzymes of fish prey and intestinal microbiota can mitigate this deficiency. in this study, the activity of serine peptidases (casein-lytic, mainly trypsin and hemoglobin-lytic, mainly chymotrypsin) of intestinal mucosa, chyme and intestinal microflora in four species of planktivorous (blue bream) and benthivorous (roach, crucian carp, perch) was investigated across a w ...	2015	26251288
two new species of shovel-jaw carp onychostoma (teleostei: cyprinidae) from southern vietnam.	two new species of large shovel-jaw carps in the genus onychostoma are described from the upper krong no and middle dong nai drainages of the langbiang plateau in southern vietnam. these new species are known from streams in montane mixed pine and evergreen forests between 140 and 1112 m. their populations are isolated in the headwaters of the upper sre pok river of the mekong basin and in the middle of the dong nai basin. both species are differentiated from their congeners by a combination of ...	2015	26249380
induced all-female autotriploidy in the allotetraploids of carassius auratus red var. (♀) × megalobrama amblycephala (♂).	following activation by uv-irradiated bsb sperm, the fertilized eggs of tetraploid hybrids (abbreviated as 4nf1) (4n = 148, aabb) of carassius auratus red var. (abbreviated as rcc) (2n = 100, aa) (♀) × megalobrama amblycephala (abbreviated as bsb) (2n = 48, bb) (♂) developed into normal live gynogenetic offspring without chromosome doubling treatment. some of these were autotriploids with three sets of red crucian carp chromosomes (abbreviated as g1) (3n = 150, aaa). g1 were all-females, and can ...	2015	26242753
morphological and molecular characterization of henneguya bicaudi n. sp. (myxosporea: myxobolidae) infecting gills of cirrhinus mrigala (ham.) in harike wetland, punjab (india).	in the present study, henneguya bicaudi n. sp. infecting gills of cirrhinus mrigala (ham.) an indian major carp from harike wetland in punjab, india, has been described on the basis of myxospore morphology and partial amplification of the ssu rrna gene. the pseudocysts of h. bicaudi n. sp. were located within the gill filament, whitish with round to irregular outer margin and 0.5-0.7 mm in diameter, 3-4 pseudocysts each containing about 50-100 myxospores were detected per gill. mature myxospores ...	2015	26239799
assessment of silver nanoparticle toxicity for common carp (cyprinus carpio) fish embryos using a novel method controlling the agglomeration in the aquatic media.	formation of agglomerates and their rapid sedimentation during aquatic ecotoxicity testing of nanoparticles is a major issue with a crucial influence on the risk assessment of nanomaterials. the present work is aimed at developing and testing a new approach based on the periodic replacement of liquid media during an ecotoxicological experiment which enabled the efficient monitoring of exposure conditions. a verified mathematical model predicted the frequencies of media exchanges which checked fo ...	2015	26233755
genetic evaluation of a selective breeding program for common carp cyprinus carpio conducted from 2004 to 2014.	the study evaluated genetic progress of a breeding program for common carp undergoing four generations of selection for increased harvest body weight from 2004 to 2014. the pedigree included 17,351 individual fish which were offspring of 342 sires and 352 dams. genetic parameters for body weight at about two years of age and survival rate during grow-out period were also estimated using the residual maximum likelihood method applied to a two-trait linear mixed model. direct response in body weig ...	2015	26219567
cortisol affects metabolic and ionoregulatory responses to a different extent depending on feeding ration in common carp, cyprinus carpio.	interacting effects of feeding and stress on corticoid responses in fish were investigated in common carp fed 3.0% or 0.5% body mass (bm) which received no implant, a sham or a cortisol implant (250 mg/kg bm) throughout a 168 hour post-implant period (168 h-pi). at 12h-pi, cortisol implants elevated plasma cortisol, glucose and lactate. plasma osmolality and ions remained stable, but cortisol increased gill and kidney na(+)/k(+) atpase (nka) and h(+) atpase activities. gill nka activities were h ...	2015	26219478
changes in the content of biogenic amines and fatty acids in high pressure-processed carp flesh (cyprinus carpio).	biogenic amine and fatty acid contents were determined in vacuum-packed fillets of common carp (cyprinus carpio). samples were pressure treated at 300 and 500 mpa and were stored at 3.5 and 12°c for up to 28 days (control, 0 mpa) and 70 days (pressure-treated). the content of eight biogenic amines (putrescine, cadaverine, spermidine, spermine, histamine, tyramine, tryptamine, and phenylethylamine) were determined. putrescine and cadaverine were influenced by all factors (temperature, pressurizat ...	2015	26219376
inactivation of ca10a and ca10b genes leads to abnormal embryonic development and alters movement pattern in zebrafish.	carbonic anhydrase related proteins (carps) x and xi are highly conserved across species and are predominantly expressed in neural tissues. the biological role of these proteins is still an enigma. ray-finned fish have lost the ca11 gene, but instead possess two co-orthologs of ca10. we analyzed the expression pattern of zebrafish ca10a and ca10b genes during embryonic development and in different adult tissues, and studied 61 carp x/xi-like sequences to evaluate their phylogenetic relationship. ...	2015	26218428
molecular basis and drug sensitivity of the delayed rectifier (ikr) in the fish heart.	fishes are increasingly used as models for human cardiac diseases, creating a need for a better understanding of the molecular basis of fish cardiac ion currents. to this end we cloned kcnh6 channel of the crucian carp (carassius carassius) that produces the rapid component of the delayed rectifier k(+) current (ikr), the main repolarising current of the fish heart. kcnh6 (ccerg2) was the main isoform of the kv11 potassium channel family with relative transcript levels of 98.9% and 99.6% in cruc ...	2016	26215639
[hormonal induction of in vitro maturation and ovulation of loach oocytes and obtaining egg cells capable of fertilization and development].	loach oocytes that have reached a definitive size and are surrounded by follicular envelopes are capable of maturation and ovulating under the effect of 1 μg/ml progesterone in 75% leibovitz medium with 1 g/l sodium bicarbonate or with ph adjustment to 9.0 by 1 n sodium hydroxide. inseminated eggs are developed until the stage of when adding 20% bovine serum to the incubation medium. substitution of the bovine serum with 10-20% loach ovarian fluid or 20% carp ovarian fluid provides more complete ...	2015	26204771
the β-actin gene promoter of rohu carp (labeo rohita) drives reporter gene expressions in transgenic rohu and various cell lines, including spermatogonial stem cells.	we previously characterized the β-actin gene promoter of indian domesticated rohu carp (labeo rohita) and made a reporter construct via fusion to green fluorescence protein (gfp) cdna. in this study, the same construct was used to breed transgenic rohu fish. about 20% of the transgenic offspring showed ubiquitous expression of the reporter gfp gene. in a few of the transgenic fish, we documented massive epithelial and/or muscular expression with visible green color under normal light. the expres ...	2015	26204405
[selective feeding in fish: effect of feeding and defensive motivations evoked by natural odors].	the effect of feeding and defensive motivations evoked by natural olfactory signals (the food odor, the alarm pheromone) on choice and consumption of food items different in color and taste, and the manifestation of foraging behavior were examined in fish (koi cyprinus carpio, roach rutilus rutilus). the agar-agar pellets of red and green color having one of the amino acids (glycine, l-proline, l-alanine; all in concentration of 0.1 m) were simultaneously offered to single fishes in pure water, ...	2016	26201217
initial development of prochilodus hartii (pisces: prochilodontidae) submitted to induced reproduction.	the prochilodontidae prepare for reproduction in captivity, but neither ovulation nor spawning occurs, thus requiring induced reproduction for breeding and restocking. this study analyzed for the first time the embryogenesis and larval ontogeny of p. hartii submitted to induced reproduction by hypophysation with crude common carp pituitary extract. the extrusion of oocytes and sperm was performed manually and fertilization was done using the dry method. after fertilization, the eggs were kept in ...	2016	26199056
a role for melatonin in maintaining the pro- and anti-inflammatory balance by influencing leukocyte migration and apoptosis in carp.	melatonin is responsible for the synchronization of many physiological processes, including the immune response. here we focus on the expression of melatonin mt1 receptors in/on leukocytes, and on the effects of melatonin administration on the inflammatory processes of carp. for the first time, we showed that fish leukocytes express mt1 receptors, implicating direct responsiveness to melatonin stimulation. moreover, both in vitro and in vivo, melatonin modulated the immune response. the most pot ...	2015	26188098
effect of salicylic acid on early life stages of common carp (cyprinus carpio).	environmental concentrations of pharmaceutical residues are often low; nevertheless, they are designed to have biological effects at low doses. the aim of this study was to assess the effects of salicylic acid on the growth and development of common carp (cyprinus carpio) early life stages with respect to antioxidant defence enzymes. an embryo-larval toxicity test lasting 34 days was performed according to oecd guidelines 210 (fish, early-life stage toxicity test). the tested concentrations were ...	2015	26183809
preliminary genetic linkage map of indian major carp, labeo rohita (hamilton 1822) based on microsatellite markers.	linkage map with wide marker coverage is an essential resource for genetic improvement study for any species. sex-averaged genetic linkage map of labeo rohita, popularly known as 'rohu', widely cultured in the indian subcontinent, was developed by placing 68 microsatellite markers generated by a simplified method. the parents and their f1 progeny (92 individuals) were used as segregating populations. the genetic linkage map spans a sex-averaged total length of 1462.2 cm, in 25 linkage groups. th ...	2015	26174674
characterization of igm-binding protein: a pigr-like molecule expressed by intestinal epithelial cells in the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	the adaptive mucosal immune system seems to be an important defence mechanism for fish, but the binding of immunoglobulin m (igm) in mucosal organs has yet to be clarified in fish. the present study was designed to search for the protein that binds igm in the intestinal epithelium and determine its distribution in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues of the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). the serum-derived carp igm fraction was isolated by sephadex g-200 and assessed for purity by sds-page under ...	2015	26166176
effects of dietary supplementation with astaxanthin and β-carotene on the semen quality of goldfish (carassius auratus).	this study was conducted to investigate the effects of two carotenoids (astaxanthin and β-carotene) on the sperm quality of goldfish carassius auratus (linnaeus, 1758). for this purpose, six diets containing concentrations of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg of synthetic astaxanthin and β-carotene were added to a basic carp diet. one group of fish was also fed with a control diet (no added carotenoids). osmolality, spermatocrit value, and sperm concentration significantly increased in the treatment supple ...	2015	26166170
effects of different spawning agents on serum levels of reproductive steroid hormones and cortisol level in adult female barbus sharpeyi (gunther, 1874).	the question of whether, as hormone therapies, spawning agents differ from each other to induce physiological pathways of gametogenesis and oocyte maturation in fish remains important, because it could modify undesirable changes, regulated by endocrine systems of individual fish. a series of experimental treatments were applied to investigate the underlying mechanism(s) in which female bunnei (barbus sharpeyi) fish respond differently to hormone therapies. female broodstocks were injected twice ...	2015	26164861
rheumatoid arthritis-associated autoantibodies in non-rheumatoid arthritis patients with mucosal inflammation: a case-control study.	rheumatoid arthritis-associated autoantibodies (ra-aab) can be present in serum years before clinical onset of rheumatoid arthritis (ra). it has been hypothesized that initiation of ra-aab generation occurs at inflamed mucosal surfaces, such as in the oral cavity or lungs. the aim of this study was to assess systemic presence of ra-aab in patients without ra who had oral or lung mucosal inflammation.	2015	26155788
[epizootological characterization of trematodiasis foci in the ecosystem of the amur river in the khabarovsk territory].	investigations were conducted in late june to early june 2013. the population density of mollusks of the genus juga in the shoreline and littoral covered by meadow waters was 10 to 30 specimens/m2; there were solitary specimens of the genus parafossarulus. fourteen out of 39 fish species were invaded by metacercariae of clonorchis. manchurian spiny loaches (leptobotia) and light's bitterling (rhodeus lighti) are first registered to be hosts of clonorchis. the metacercariae of metagonimus yokogaw ...	2015	26152032
construction, de-novo assembly and analysis of transcriptome for identification of reproduction-related genes and pathways from rohu, labeo rohita (hamilton).	rohu is a leading candidate species for freshwater aquaculture in south-east asia. unlike common carp the monsoon breeding habit of rohu restricts its seed production beyond season indicating strong genetic control over spawning. genetic information is limited in this regard. the problem is exacerbated by the lack of genomic-resources. we identified 182 reproduction-related genes previously by sanger-sequencing which were less to address the issue of seasonal spawning behaviour of this important ...	2015	26148098
a novel lipase as aquafeed additive for warm-water aquaculture.	a novel acinetobacter lipase gene lipg1 was cloned from dna extracted from intestinal sample of common carp (cyprinus carpio), and expressed in e. coli bl21. the encoded protein was 406 amino acids in length. phylogenetic analysis indicated that lipg1 and its relatives comprised a novel group of true lipases produced by gram-negative bacteria. lipg1 showed maximal activity at 40℃ and ph 8.0 when pnp decanoate (c10) was used as the substrate, and remained high activity between 20℃ and 35℃. activi ...	2015	26147311
neuroanatomical localization of nitric oxide synthase (nnos) in the central nervous system of carp, labeo rohita during post-embryonic development.	nitric oxide (no) is a chemically diffusible molecular messenger playing various roles in both vertebrates and invertebrates. nitric oxide synthase (nos) is the key enzyme in synthesis of no. the neuroanatomical distribution pattern of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nnos) was studied and developing stages of labeo rohita such as hatchlings (10-15mm), frys (15-35mm), semi-fingerlings (35-65mm), fingerlings (65-100mm) and adults (350-370mm) were used. in the telencephalon, nitrergic cells were ob ...	2015	26143285
salmon gill poxvirus, the deepest representative of the chordopoxvirinae.	poxviruses are large dna viruses of vertebrates and insects causing disease in many animal species, including reptiles, birds, and mammals. although poxvirus-like particles were detected in diseased farmed koi carp, ayu, and atlantic salmon, their genetic relationships to poxviruses were not established. here, we provide the first genome sequence of a fish poxvirus, which was isolated from farmed atlantic salmon. in the present study, we used quantitative pcr and immunohistochemistry to determin ...	2015	26136578
dexamethasone action on caudal fin regeneration of carp cyprinus carpio (linnaeus, 1758).	studies have demonstrated that the prolonged use of corticoids can delay the healing process, affecting re-epithelialization, neovascularization and collagen synthesis. as the fins of teleost fish contain a large amount of collagen, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of dexamethasone (anti-inflammatory and glucocorticoid steroid widely used in the treatment of rheumatic diseases) during the regeneration process in the caudal fin of specimens of carp (cyprinus carpio). for ...	2015	26132030
scale surface microstructure and scale size in the tooth-carp genus aphanius (teleostei, cyprinodontidae) from endorheic basins in southwest iran.	a substantial number of species within the tooth-carp aphanius nardo, 1827 (cyprinodontidae, teleostei) has been recorded from the endorheic drainage systems of iran, and several isolated populations in these systems may deserve species status. descriptions of these species and populations have been based mainly on morphological and molecular data; however, the characters related to the fish scales have not up to now been intensively studied and employed for the identification of the species bel ...	2013	26131487
diversification of the duplicated rab1a genes in a hypoxia-tolerant fish, common carp (cyprinus carpio).	common carp is a widely cultivated fish with longer than 2,000 years domestication history, due to its strong environmental adaptabilities, especially hypoxia tolerance. the common carp genome has experienced a very recent whole genome duplication (wgd) event. among a large number of highly similar duplicated genes, a pair of ras-associated binding-gtpase 1a (rab1a) genes were found fast diverging. four analogous rab1a genes were identified in the common carp genome. comparisons of gene structur ...	2015	26129846
occurrence of glucocorticoids discharged from a sewage treatment plant in japan and the effects of clobetasol propionate exposure on the immune responses of common carp (cyprinus carpio) to bacterial infection.	the present study evaluated the environmental risks to common carp (cyprinus carpio) posed by glucocorticoids present in sewage treatment plant (stp) effluent. to gather information on the seasonal variations in glucocorticoid concentration, the authors sampled the effluent of a japanese stp every other week for 12 mo. six of 9 selected glucocorticoids were detected in the effluent, with clobetasol propionate and betamethasone 17-valerate detected at the highest concentrations and frequencies. t ...	2016	26126539
proteomic analysis of extracellular medium of cryopreserved carp (cyprinus carpio l.) semen.	during freezing and thawing, spermatozoa are exposed to physical and chemical stressors that result in adverse changes in sperm structures and physiological functions. the present study provides, for the first time, a comprehensive description of protein changes in the extracellular medium of cryopreserved semen. using 2d-dige and a combination of protein fractionation by one-dimensional gel electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectromet ...	2015	26125334
increased acute toxicity to fish caused by pharmaceuticals in hospital effluents in a pharmaceutical mixture and after solar irradiation.	hospital effluents are an important source of residual drugs and other classes of pharmaceuticals in aquatic environments. the raw wastewater from the studied hospital exhibited acute toxicity to vertebrate organisms, and cyprinus carpio was the most sensitive organism tested. a mixture of 19 commonly used pharmaceuticals caused acute toxicity to c. carpio with an lc50 value of 60.68mgl(-1) after 96h. this study demonstrated that irradiation for 1-5days significantly increased the acute toxicity ...	2015	26121604
shared segment analysis and next-generation sequencing implicates the retinoic acid signaling pathway in total anomalous pulmonary venous return (tapvr).	most isolated congenital heart defects are thought to be sporadic and are often ascribed to multifactorial mechanisms with poorly understood genetics. total anomalous pulmonary venous return (tapvr) occurs in 1 in 15,000 live-born infants and occurs either in isolation or as part of a syndrome involving aberrant left-right development. previously, we reported causative links between tavpr and the pdgfra gene. tapvr has also been linked to the ankrd1/carp genes. however, these genes only explain ...	2015	26121141
transcriptome profiling analysis of naked carp (gymnocypris przewalskii) provides insights into the immune-related genes in highland fish.	the naked carp, gymnocypris przewalskii, is one of the dominant aquaculture fish species in qinghai province, china. its wild stocks have severely suffered from overfishing, and the farming species are vulnerable to various pathogens infections. here we report the first immune-related tissues transcriptome of a wild naked carp using a deep sequencing approach. a total of 158,087 unigenes are generated, 2687 gill-specific gene and 3215 kidney-specific genes are identified, respectively. gene onto ...	2015	26117731
exploring erythropoiesis of common carp (cyprinus carpio) using an in vitro colony assay in the presence of recombinant carp kit ligand a and erythropoietin.	the use of in vitro colony assays in mammals has contributed to identification of erythroid progenitor cells such as burst-forming unit-erythroid (bfu-e) and colony-forming unit-erythroid (cfu-e) progenitors, and serves to examine functions of erythropoietic growth factors like erythropoietin (epo) and kit ligand. here, we established an in vitro colony-forming assay capable of investigating erythropoiesis in carp (cyprinus carpio), cloned and functionally characterized recombinant homologous mo ...	2015	26111997
cyprinid herpesvirus 3: an archetype of fish alloherpesviruses.	the order herpesvirales encompasses viruses that share structural, genetic, and biological properties. however, members of this order infect hosts ranging from molluscs to humans. it is currently divided into three phylogenetically related families. the alloherpesviridae family contains viruses infecting fish and amphibians. there are 12 alloherpesviruses described to date, 10 of which infect fish. over the last decade, cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) infecting common and koi carp has emerged as ...	2015	26111587
effects of nitric oxide on blood-brain barrier permeability in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	to determine in vivo effects of nitric oxide (no) on blood-brain barrier (bbb) permeability in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	2015	26111091
yy super sperm lead to all male triploids and tetraploids.	androgenesis is a unique and rarely encountered reproductive mode in which the offspring only inherit the paternal nuclear genome, resulting in relatively few viable individuals.	2015	26108606
effects of single and joint subacute exposure of copper and cadmium on heat shock proteins in common carp (cyprinus carpio).	copper (cu) and cadmium (cd) are the most common heavy metals that are easily detected in aquatic environments on a global scale. in this paper, we investigated the messenger rna (mrna) and protein levels of hsps (hsp60, hsp70, and hsp90) in the liver of the common carp exposed to cu, cd, and a combination of both metals by real-time quantitative pcr and western blot. the results indicated that in each exposure group, the mrna levels of hsp60, hsp70, and hsp90 were increased significantly compar ...	2016	26105544
[analysis of allergens spectrum in children with allergic rhinitis in zhengzhou district].	to analyze the main allergens in children with allergic rhinitis and provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment in zhengzhou district.	2015	26103656
transcriptome analysis to identify cold-responsive genes in amur carp (cyprinus carpio haematopterus).	the adaptation of fish to low temperatures is the result of long-term evolution. amur carp (cyprinus carpio haematopterus) survives low temperatures (0-4°c) for six months per year. therefore, we chose this fish as a model organism to study the mechanisms of cold-adaptive responses using high-throughput sequencing technology. this system provided an excellent model for exploring the relationship between evolutionary genomic changes and environmental adaptations. the amur carp transcriptome was s ...	2015	26098567
protective efficacy of recombinant hemolysin co-regulated protein (hcp) of aeromonas hydrophila in common carp (cyprinus carpio).	motile aeromonad septicemia (mas) caused by aeromonas hydrophila is one of the common bacterial causes of fish mortalities. prophylactic vaccination against this and other diseases is essential for continued growth of aquaculture. the type vi secretion system (t6ss) plays a crucial role in the virulence of a. hydrophila. the hemolysin co-regulated protein (hcp) is an integral component of the t6ss apparatus and is considered a hallmark of t6ss function. here, the t6ss effector hcp was expressed ...	2015	26093203
concentration-dependent toxicity effect of sdbs on swimming behavior of freshwater fishes.	sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (sdbs) is a kind of widely used anionic surfactant and its discharge may pose potential risk to the receiving aquatic ecosystem. the aim of our study is to investigate the toxic effect of sdbs on fish swimming behavior quantitatively, followed by examination whether there are significant differences of swimming behavior among applied fish species (i.e. zebra fish (danio rerio), japanese medaka (oryzias latipes) and red carp (cyprinus carpio)). the swimming speed ...	2015	26093194
optimization of solid-phase-extraction cleanup and validation of quantitative determination of eugenol in fish samples by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.	this paper describes a rapid and sensitive method for the determination of eugenol in fish samples, based on solid-phase extraction (spe) and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (gc-ms-ms). samples were extracted with acetonitrile, and then cleanup was performed using c18 solid-phase extraction (spe). the determination of eugenol was achieved using an electron-ionization source (ei) in multiple-reaction-monitoring (mrm) mode. under optimized conditions, the average recoveries of eugenol ...	2015	26092403
persistent organic pollutants in muscle of fish collected from the nové mlýny reservoir in southern moravia, czech republic.	the aim of the present study was to investigate the content of organochlorine pesticides (ocps) and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in muscle tissues of fish, i.e. carp (cyprinus carpio, l.), bream (abramis brama, l.) and pike perch (stizostedion lucioperca, l.) from the middle nové mlýny reservoir and compare our results with previous corresponding studies. samples were analysed by gas chromatography with ion trap tandem mass spectrometry. the highest contents of all pollutants were determined ...	2015	26092236
the invasive fish tapeworm atractolytocestus huronensis (cestoda), a parasite of carp, colonises africa.	biological invasions represent a serious threat for aquaculture because many of introduced parasites may negatively affect the health state of feral and cultured fish. in the present account, the invasive tapeworm atractolytocestus huronensis anthony, 1958 (cestoda: caryophyllidea), which was originally described from north america and has been introduced to europe including the british isles with its specific host, common carp (cyprinus carpio l.), is reported from africa for the first time. it ...	2015	26091762
hematological changes of silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix) in response to diazinon pesticide.	diazinon is widely consumed for plague control in the agricultural farms and in domestic and aquaculture aspects. the present research purposed to evaluate the effect of half-lethal concentration (lc50) of diazinon on some biochemical and hematological parameters of silver carp, hypophthalmichthys molitrix, after 0, 24, 48 and 96 h. the results showed that the values of leukocytes (wbc), haematocrit (ht), hemoglobin (hb), mchc, lymphocyte, cortisol and glucose were significantly increased (p < 0 ...	2015	26090122
application of a nanoflare probe specific to a latency associated transcript for isolation of khv latently infected cells.	one of the unique features of herpesvirus infection is latent infection following an initial exposure, which is characterized by viral genome persistence in a small fraction of cells within the latently infected tissue. investigation of the mechanisms of herpesvirus latency has been very challenging in tissues with only a small fraction of cells that are latently infected. cyprinid herpesvirus 3, also known as koi herpesvirus (khv), is an important and deadly pathogen of koi and common carp, cyp ...	2015	26087404
in vivo and in silico analyses of estrogenic potential of bisphenol analogs in medaka (oryzias latipes) and common carp (cyprinus carpio).	various studies have demonstrated the estrogenic effect of bisphenol a (bpa), a member of bisphenol analogs (bps), in in vitro and in vivo assays. however, limited data are available on the estrogenic potentials and risks of other bps in aquatic organisms. in addition, the estrogenic effect of chemicals is known to have species-specific responses in teleost fish. the objective of this study was to evaluate the potential estrogenic effects of bps on the medaka (oryzias latipes) and common carp (c ...	2015	26086576
periodic monitoring of persistent organic pollutants and molecular damage in cyprinus carpio from büyük menderes river.	concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (pops) were quantified in river water and sediment, as well as in the liver and muscle tissues of cyprinus carpio that were sampled four times in a year at three stations in the büyük menderes river (bmr). potential biomarkers of possible cellular molecular damage, namely lipid peroxidation (lpo) degradation products, protein carbonyls (pco) and dna repair product 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-ohdg), were analysed. all the targeted pollutants were ...	2017	26081778
ca(2+) and caspases are involved in hydroxyl radical-induced apoptosis in erythrocytes of jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian).	there are young erythrocytes and mature erythrocytes in the peripheral blood of fish. the present study explored the apoptosis in hydroxyl radical ((·)oh)-induced young and mature erythrocytes of jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian). carp erythrocytes from the peripheral blood were separated into the young fraction, the intermediate fraction and the mature fraction using fixed-angle centrifugation. the erythrocytes in three age fractions were treated with the caspase inhibitors (zvad-fmk) in ph ...	2015	26080678
complex responses to si quantum dots accumulation in carp liver tissue: beyond oxidative stress.	the use of quantum dots (qds) in biomedical applications is limited due to their inherent toxicity caused by the heavy metal core of the particles. consequently, silicon-based qds are expected to display diminished toxicity. we investigated the in vivo effects induced by si/sio2 qds intraperitoneally injected in crucian carp liver. the qds contained a crystalline si core encased in a sio2 shell, with a size between 2.75 and 11.25nm and possess intrinsic fluorescence (ex 325nm/em ∼690nm). tissue ...	2015	26079203
assessing joint toxicity of four organophosphate and carbamate insecticides in common carp (cyprinus carpio) using acetylcholinesterase activity as an endpoint.	mixtures of organophosphate (op) and carbamate (cb) pesticides are commonly detected in freshwater ecosystems. these pesticides inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase (ache) and have potential to interfere with behaviors that may be essential for the survival of species. although the effects of individual anticholinesterase insecticides on aquatic species have been studied for decades, the neurotoxicity of mixtures is still poorly understood. in the present study, brain ache inhibition in ...	2015	26071811
toxicity and molecular effects of di-n-butyl phthalate (dbp) on cyp1a, sod, and gpx in cyprinus carpio (common carp).	di-n-butyl phthalate (dbp), a widely used plasticizer in the plastic industry, affects regulation of the endocrine system and causes toxicity in animals. in the present study, we evaluated a series of ecotoxicological stress biomarkers in the common carp (cyprinus carpio) as an experimental model to test for alterations in gene expression at a sublethal concentration of 1 mg/l dbp for 4, 24, and 96 h. in gills, an immediate increase in cyp1a messenger rna (mrna) levels was observed within the fi ...	2015	26065888
prevalence of ectoparasites in carp fry and fingerlings of rajshahi district, bangladesh.	the study has been carried out to find out the prevalence of ectoparasites of carp fry and fingerlings during june 2010 to may 2011 from rajshahi district, bangladesh. four groups of ectoparasites viz. myxozoan, ciliophoran, monogenean and crustacean were recorded from 560 species of endemic and exotic carps collected from rajshahi district, bangladesh. the highest ectoparasitic prevalence (37.5 %) has been recorded for ciliophoran group in winter and the lowest prevalence in crustacean (5 %) in ...	2015	26063985
cholesterol-rich lipid rafts play an important role in the cyprinid herpesvirus 3 replication cycle.	the cyprinus herpesvirus 3 (cyhv-3) is a member of the new alloherpesviridae virus family in the herpesvirales order. cyhv-3 has been implicated in a large number of disease outbreaks in carp populations causing up to 100% mortality. the aim of this study was to investigate the requirement of cholesterol-rich lipid rafts in cyhv-3 entry and replication in carp cells. plasma membrane cholesterol was depleted from common carp brain (ccb) cells with methyl-β-cyclodextrin (mβcd). treated and non-tre ...	2015	26059657
determination of the seasonal changes on total fatty acid composition and ω3/ω6 ratios of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) muscle lipids in beysehir lake (turkey).	the muscle lipid and fatty acid composition of carp, cyprinus carpio in beysehir lake the largest freshwater lake in turkey, was determined. polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) of carp, the most abundant fish species in beysehir lake, were found to be higher than those of saturated fatty acids (sfa) in spring, summer and autumn and also the monounsaturated fatty acids (mufa) in spring and summer. palmitic acid was the major sfa (14.6-16.6%) in all seasons. oleic acid was identified as the major m ...	2008	26059149
biological fate and effects of propranolol in an experimental aquatic food chain.	the aim of this study was to evaluate the trophic transfer of the β-blocker propranolol (prp) in an experimental aquatic food chain involving the green algae scenedesmus obliquus, the water flea daphnia magna and the crucian carp carassius auratus, as well as the metabolism and effects of prp in the liver of crucian carp. after a 48 h prp aqueous exposure for algae, with a subsequent 48 h dietary exposure for daphnia and an 8d dietary exposure for crucian carp, prp was observed in each trophic l ...	2015	26057722
ontogeny, tissue distribution and expression analysis of igz in rohu, labeo rohita in response to various stimuli.	this study reports presence of igz transcripts, its ontogeny, tissue distribution and expression following various stimulations/infections in rohu. the derived rohu igz sequence clustered together with igz of ctenopharyngodon idella and cyprinus carpio in phylogenetic analysis. igz expression was detected at early developmental stages with higher expression at 1 day post-fertilization, and higher in anterior kidney and lower in skin tissues of juveniles. an inductive expression of igz was observ ...	2015	26055084
dietary habits of invasive ponto-caspian gobies in the croatian part of the danube river basin and their potential impact on benthic fish communities.	invasive ponto-caspian (p-c(1)) gobies have recently caused dramatic changes in fish assemblage structures throughout the danube basin. while their presence in the croatian part of the basin has been noted and distribution studied, their dietary habits and impacts on native fish communities have, until now, been unknown. in 2011, 17 locations in the sava river basin were sampled for fish and 15 for benthic invertebrates. fish population monitoring data, available for nine seasons (2003-2006 and ...	2016	26054972
phylogeny and evolution of multiple common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) populations clarified by phylogenetic analysis based on complete mitochondrial genomes.	common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) is one of the oldest, most widely farmed commercially important freshwater fish in the world. however, many undetermined phylogenetic relationships and origins of common carp lineages remain, which are obstacles to conservation and genetic breeding of this species. phylogenetic analyses based on molecular tools are helpful to distinguish the origin of species, understand and clarify their evolutionary history, and provide a genetic basis for selective breeding. i ...	2015	26054828
in vivo and in vitro isomer-specific biotransformation of perfluorooctane sulfonamide in common carp (cyprinus carpio).	biotransformation of pfos-precursors (prefos) may contribute significantly to the level of perfluorooctanesulfonate (pfos) in the environment. perfluorooctane sulfonamide (pfosa) is one of the major intermediates of higher molecular weight prefos. its further degradation to pfos could be isomer specific and thereby explain unexpected high percentages of branched (br-) pfos isomers observed in wildlife. in this study, isomeric degradation of pfosa was concomitantly investigated by in vivo and in ...	2015	26053759
functional characterization of viral tumor necrosis factor receptors encoded by cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv3) genome.	cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (cyhv3) is a large double-stranded dna virus of alloherpesviridae family in the order herpesvirales. it causes significant morbidity and mortality in common carp and its ornamental koi variety, and threatens the aquaculture industries worldwide. mimicry of cytokines and cytokine receptors is a particular strategy for large dna viruses in modulating the host immune response. here, we report the identification and characterization of two novel viral homologues of tumor necro ...	2015	26052019
purification and characterisation of trypsins from the pyloric caeca of mandarin fish (siniperca chuatsi).	two trypsins of anionic form (trypsin a) and cationic form (trypsin b) from the pyloric caeca of mandarin fish (siniperca chuatsi) were highly purified by a series of chromatographies, including deae-sephacel, sephacryl s-200 hr, q-sepharose or sp-sepharose. purified trypsins revealed a single band on native-page. the molecular weights of trypsin a and b were 21kda and 21.5kda, respectively, as estimated by sds-page, both under reducing and non-reducing conditions. zymography analysis showed tha ...	2008	26049226
isolation of cathepsin b from the muscle of silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and comparison of cathepsins b and l actions on surimi gel softening.	cathepsin b from silver carp muscle was purified to 263-fold by acid treatment, ammonium sulfate fractionation, followed by a series of chromatographic separations. the molecular mass of the purified enzyme was 29kda as determined by sds-page and immunoblotting. the purified enzyme was activated by dithiothreitol and cysteine while it was substantially inhibited by e-64, suggesting the purified enzyme belongs to the cysteine proteinase family. optimal ph and temperature were 5.5 and 35°c, respec ...	2008	26049221
meiosis completion and various sperm responses lead to unisexual and sexual reproduction modes in one clone of polyploid carassius gibelio.	unisexual polyploid vertebrates are commonly known to reproduce by gynogenesis, parthenogenesis, or hybridogenesis. one clone of polyploid carassius gibelio has been revealed to possess multiple modes of unisexual gynogenesis and sexual reproduction, but the cytological and developmental mechanisms have remained unknown. in this study, normal meiosis completion was firstly confirmed by spindle co-localization of β-tubulin and spindlin. moreover, three types of various nuclear events and developm ...	2015	26042995
activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-interrenal axis (hpi axis) and immune response in carp lines with different susceptibility to disease.	the stress response transmitted by the hpa axis is one of the best examples of neuroendocrine-immune interactions that are critical for survival. analogous to the situation in mammals, the stress response in fish is characterized by the activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-interrenal axis (hpi). effects of cortisol on the fish immune system comply with findings in mammals and suggest that the differences in sensitivity to stress will influence the immune response and as a consequence of survi ...	2015	26041250
bioaccumulation of heavy metals and microelements in silver bream (brama brama l.), northern pike (esox lucius l.), sterlet (acipenser ruthenus l.), and common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) from tisza river, serbia.	the aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of al, as, b, cd, co, cr, cu, fe, hg, mn, ni, pb, se, sr, and zn in liver, gills, gonads, and brain of four ecologically different fish species in serbia: piscivorous northern pike, benthivorous sterlet and silver bream, and omnivorous common carp. fish were caught at four sites along the stretch of the river tisza in the pannonian part of serbia during october 2010. results revealed that heavy metals and microelements with the highest va ...	2015	26039743
biochemical responses over time in common carp cyprinus carpio (teleostei, cyprinidae) during fed supplementation with α-lipoic acid.	the current study aimed to evaluate the influence of lipoic acid (la) supplementation (439.84±6.71 mg la/kg feed) on antioxidants responses throughout the time in intestine, liver and muscle of juvenile common carp cyprinus carpio. two experimental groups were fed during four weeks with a diet with or without la. glutathione-s-transferase (gst) activity, glutathione (gsh) content, antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals (acap) and lipid peroxidation (tbars) were evaluated in these organs. ...	2015	26037328
trichlorfon-induced haematological and biochemical changes in cyprinus carpio: ameliorative effect of propolis.	trichlorfon is among the most commonly used products to treat fish parasites in aquaculture. we investigated the effectiveness of propolis in alleviating the toxicity of trichlorfon on haematological and oxidant/antioxidant parameters in carp cyprinus carpio. fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations (11 and 22 mg l-1) of trichlorfon, and propolis (10 mg kg-1 of fish weight) was simultaneously administered. at the end of 14 d administration, blood and tissue (liver, kidney, gill) samples wer ...	2015	26036828
risk factors for development of internal neoplasms in koi carp cyprinus carpio koi.	fish, like mammals, can be affected by neoplastic proliferations. as yet, there are only a very small number of studies reporting on the occurrence of tumours in koi carp cyprinus carpio koi and only sporadic reports on the nature of the tumours or on risk factors associated with their development. between 2008 and 2012, koi with abdominal swelling were examined pathologically: neoplastic lesions were diagnosed and classified histologically. we evaluated possible risk factors for the development ...	2015	26036827
interactions between water temperature and contaminant toxicity to freshwater fish.	warming of freshwaters as a result of climate change is expected to have complex interactions with the toxicity of contaminants to aquatic organisms. the present study evaluated the effects of temperature on the acute toxicity of endosulfan, chlorpyrifos, and phenol to 3 warm water species of fish-silver perch, rainbowfish, and western carp gudgeon-and 1 cold water species, rainbow trout. endosulfan was more toxic to silver perch at 30 °c and 35 °c than at 15 °c, 20 °c and 25 °c during short exp ...	2015	26033197
[the bipolarity of the genetic structure of communities of the crucian carp (carassius linnaeus, 1758) as a reflection of paradoxal reproductive relationships].	an analysis of 133 populations of carasiius spp. from water bodies in ukraine showed their polyspecific structure: 62% of individuals of the studied 3453 specimens. turned out to be bisexual goldfishes c. auratus, 25%. were unisexual prissian carps c. gibelio, 6% accounted for the aboriginal species crucian carp c. carassius, and 6% were hybrids c. auratus x c. carassius. in this case a clear trend has been revealed towards the formation of homogeneous alternative populations, specifically: eith ...	2015	26030976
mass mortality in ornamental fish, cyprinus carpio koi caused by a bacterial pathogen, proteus hauseri.	moribund koi carp, cyprinus carpio koi, from a farm with 50% cumulative mortality were sampled with the aim of isolating and detecting the causative agent. three bacterial species viz., citrobacter freundii (nscf-1), klebsiella pneumoniae (nskp-1) and proteus hauseri [genomospecies 3 of proteus vulgaris bio group 3] (nsph-1) were isolated, identified and characterized on the basis of biochemical tests and sequencing of the 16s rdna gene using universal bacterial primers. challenge experiments wi ...	2015	26028178
nsaid-manufacturing plant effluent induces geno- and cytotoxicity in common carp (cyprinus carpio).	the pharmaceutical industry generates wastewater discharges of varying characteristics and contaminant concentrations depending on the nature of the production process. the main chemicals present in these effluents are solvents, detergents, disinfectants - such as sodium hypochlorite (naclo) - and pharmaceutical products, all of which are potentially ecotoxic. therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the geno- and cytotoxicity induced in the common carp cyprinus carpio by the effluent emanating f ...	2015	26026403
genome-wide identification, evolution and expression analysis of nuclear receptor superfamily in nile tilapia, oreochromis niloticus.	the nuclear receptor (nr) superfamily, which is divided into 7 subfamilies, constitutes one of the largest classes of transcription factors. in this study, through comprehensive database search, we identified all nrs (including 4 novel members) from the tilapia (75), common carp (137), zebrafish (73), fugu (73), tetraodon (72), stickleback (70), medaka (69), coelacanth (55), spotted gar (51) and elephant shark (50). for 21 nrs, two duplicates were found in teleosts, while only one in tetrapods. ...	2015	26024593
effects of glutamate on growth, antioxidant capacity, and antioxidant-related signaling molecule expression in primary cultures of fish enterocytes.	the present study explored the effects of glutamate (glu) on the growth, antioxidant capacity, and gene expression of nf-e2-related nuclear factor 2 (nrf2) signaling molecule in enterocytes of jian carp (cyprinus carpio var. jian). the enterocytes were incubated in media containing 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 mm/l glu for 96 h. the results showed that glu could promote fish enterocytes proliferation and differentiation. additionally, activities of alkaline phosphatase, na(+), k(+)-atpase, γ-glutamyl t ...	2015	25999304
establishment and characterization of fin-derived cell line from ornamental carp, cyprinus carpio koi, for virus isolation in india.	cyprinus carpio koi fin (cckf) cell line was established and characterized from the caudal fin tissue of ornamental common carp, c. carpio koi. this cell line has been maintained in l-15 medium supplemented with 15% foetal bovine serum (fbs) and subcultured more than 52 times over a period of 24 mo. the cckf cell line consisted of epithelial cells and was able to grow at temperatures between 22 and 35°c with an optimum temperature of 28°c. the growth rate of these cells increased as the proporti ...	2015	25990269
compression anastomotic ring-locking procedure (carp) is a safe and effective method for intestinal anastomoses following left-sided colonic resection.	compression anastomotic ring-locking procedure (carp) is a novel procedure for creating colonic anastomoses. the surgical procedure allows perioperative quantification of the compression pressure between the intestinal ends within the anastomosis and postoperative monitoring of the anastomotic integrity. we have recently shown that carp is a safe and effective method for colonic anastomoses in pigs, and the purpose of the present study was to evaluate carp for colonic anastomoses in humans.	2015	25989929
acute and subchronic effects on immune responses of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) after exposure to deoxynivalenol (don) in feed.	the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (don) has been shown to regularly occur at relevant concentrations in feed designed for aquaculture use, but little is known about the consequences of its presence on the organisms that consume the don-contaminated feed. previous studies indicated a down-regulation of pro-inflammatory responses in carp (cyprinus carpio l.) after 4 weeks of feeding don. the present study examined the time course of innate immune responses of carp to orally administered don. changes in ...	2015	25989849
crystal structure of the c-terminal domain of tubulin-binding cofactor c from leishmania major.	tubulin-binding cofactor c stimulates gtpase activity and contributes to the release of the heterodimeric α/β-tubulin from a super-complex of tubulin monomers and two ancillary cofactors. we have determined the 2.2 å resolution crystal structure of the c-terminal domain of tubulin-binding cofactor c from leishmania major based on single wavelength anomalous dispersion measurements targeting a selenomethionine derivative. although previously predicted to consist of two domains the structure is be ...	2015	25982270
expression characterization, genomic structure and function analysis of fish ubiquitin-specific protease 18 (usp18) genes.	in mammals, usp18 (ubiquitin-specific protease 18) is an interferon (ifn) inducible protein and plays a role in regulation of ifn response upon viral infection. in this study, we first cloned a usp18 homologous gene from virally-infected crucian carp (carassius auratus) blastula embryonic (cab) cells, and later found in other fish species including zebrafish. all fish usp18 genes have 10 exons and 9 introns comparable to 11 exons and 10 introns in non-fish vertebrates. expression analysis reveal ...	2015	25981749
recombinant lactobacillus expressing g protein of spring viremia of carp virus (svcv) combined with orf81 protein of koi herpesvirus (khv): a promising way to induce protective immunity against svcv and khv infection in cyprinid fish via oral vaccination.	spring viremia of carp virus (svcv) and koi herpesvirus (khv) are highly contagious and pathogenic to cyprinid fish, causing enormous economic losses in aquaculture. although dna vaccines reported in recent years could induce protective immune responses in carps against these viruses via injection, there are a number of consequences and uncertainties related to dna vaccination. therefore, more effective and practical method to induce protective immunity such as oral administration would be highl ...	2015	25981489
barcoding of fresh water fishes from pakistan.	dna bar-coding is a taxonomic method that uses small genetic markers in organisms' mitochondrial dna (mt dna) for identification of particular species. it uses sequence diversity in a 658-base pair fragment near the 5' end of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (co1) gene as a tool for species identification. dna barcoding is more accurate and reliable method as compared with the morphological identification. it is equally useful in juveniles as well as adult stages of fishes. the p ...	2016	25980661
carp thrombocyte phagocytosis requires activation factors secreted from other leukocytes.	thrombocytes are nucleated blood cells in non-mammalian vertebrates, which were recently focused on not only as hemostatic cells but also as immune cells with potent phagocytic activities. we have analyzed the phagocytic activation mechanisms in common carp (cyprinus carpio) thrombocytes. macs-sorted mab(+) thrombocytes showed no phagocytic activity even in the presence of several stimulants. however, remixing these thrombocytes with other anti-thrombocyte mab(-) leukocyte populations restored t ...	2015	25978929
another potential carp killer?: carp edema virus disease in germany.	infections with carp edema virus, a pox virus, are known from japanese koi populations since 1974. a characteristic clinical sign associated with this infection is lethargy and therefore the disease is called "koi sleepy disease". diseased koi also show swollen gills, enophthalmus, and skin lesions. mortality rates up to 80 % are described. for a long period of time, disease outbreaks seemed to be restricted to japan. however, during the last years clinical outbreaks of koi sleepy disease also o ...	2015	25976542
environmental degradation in a eutrophic shallow lake is not simply due to abundance of non-native cyprinus carpio.	non-native species are often major drivers of the deterioration of natural ecosystems. the common carp cyprinus carpio are known to cause major changes in lentic systems, but may not be solely responsible for large scale changes in these ecosystems. we used data from extensive collection efforts to gain insight into the importance of carp as drivers of ecosystem change in lake patzcuaro, mexico. we compared the structure (fish density, biomass, diversity, and evenness) of fish assemblages from s ...	2015	25975439
metabolic disposition and elimination of cyadox in pigs, chickens, carp, and rats.	the metabolism, distribution, and elimination of cyadox (cya) is investigated in pigs, chickens, carp, and rats to identify the marker residue and target tissue of cya in food animals for food safety concerns. following a single oral gavage of [(3)h]-cya, the total radioactivity was rapidly excreted, with more than 95% of the dose excreted within 14 days in the four species. fecal excretion of the total radioactivity was 66.2% and 51.6%, and urinary excretion of the total radioactivity was 28.35 ...	2015	25973850
body color development and genetic analysis of hybrid transparent crucian carp (carassius auratus).	the aim of this study was to investigate the genetic mechanism of the transparent trait in transparent crucian carp. we observed body color development in transparent crucian carp larvae and analyzed heredity of color in hybrids produced with red crucian carp, ornamental carp, and red purse carp. the results showed that the body color of the newly hatched larvae matured into the adult pattern at approximately 54 days post-hatching. two inter-species reciprocal crosses between transparent crucian ...	2015	25966213
genetic analysis of qtl for eye cross and eye diameter in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) using microsatellites and snps.	a group of 107 f1 hybrid common carp was used to construct a linkage map using joinmap 4.0. a total of 4877 microsatellite and single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers isolated from a genomic library (978 microsatellite and 3899 snp markers) were assigned to construct the genetic map, which comprised 50 linkage groups. the total length of the linkage map for the common carp was 4775.90 cm with an average distance between markers of 0.98 cm. ten quantitative trait loci (qtl) were associated w ...	2015	25966124
distribution and age-related bioaccumulation of lead (pb), mercury (hg), cadmium (cd), and arsenic (as) in tissues of common carp (cyprinus carpio) and european catfish (sylurus glanis) from the buško blato reservoir (bosnia and herzegovina).	the purpose of this study was to quantify the bioaccumulation of pb, hg, cd, and as in tissues of carp (cyprinus carpio) and catfish (silurus glanis) from buško blato in bosnia and herzegovina. arsenic concentrations were below the maximal admissible concentration (mac) for croatia and other countries. mercury concentrations were below 1 mg kg(-1), but in most muscle samples of both species and all catfish liver samples, the values were higher than 0.5 mg kg(-1) (higher than the mac for many cou ...	2015	25966047
comparative analysis of adaptive immune response after vaccine trials using live attenuated and formalin-killed cells of edwardsiella tarda in ginbuna crucian carp (carassius auratus langsdorfii).	edwardsiella tarda is an intracellular pathogen that causes edwardsiellosis in fish. although vaccine trials with formalin-killed cells (fkc) have been reported, the vaccinations failed in protect against e. tarda infection. on the other hand, a live attenuated vaccine strategy is effective against edwardsiellosis; however, the mechanism underlying its effectiveness in fish is unclear. in the present study, we compared the adaptive immune responses in fish vaccinated with fkcs and live attenuate ...	2015	25959574
effect of cacl2 on denaturation and aggregation of silver carp myosin during setting.	the effect of cacl2 on denaturation and aggregation of silver carp myosin incubated at 40 °c was investigated by circular dichroism spectroscopy, surface hydrophobicity (s0-ans), total sulfhydryl (sh) group content, zeta potential, turbidity, z-average diameter (dz), and dynamic rheological analysis. during setting at 40 °c, both cacl2 and heating induced conformational changes of the fish myosin, and exposure of more hydrophobic amino acid residues and free sh groups, followed by myosin aggrega ...	2015	25952860
behavioral and biochemical responses in freshwater fish carassius auratus exposed to sertraline.	sertraline is one of the most commonly prescribed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and is frequently detected in the aquatic environment. however, knowledge regarding relationships among molecular or biochemical endpoints involved in modes of action (moas) of sertraline and ecologically important behavioral responses of fish is insufficient. the present study aimed to investigate the bioconcentration and possible adverse outcomes pathways (aops) in crucian carp (carassius auratus) exposed ...	2015	25950408
three-dimensional structure and ligand-binding site of carp fishelectin (fel).	carp fel (fishelectin or fish-egg lectin) is a 238-amino-acid lectin that can be purified from fish eggs by exploiting its selective binding to sepharose followed by elution with n-acetylglucosamine. its amino-acid sequence and other biochemical properties have previously been reported. the glycoprotein has four disulfide bridges and the structure of the oligosaccharides linked to asn27 has been described. here, the three-dimensional structures of apo carp fel (cfel) and of its complex with n-ac ...	2015	25945578
local adaptation of gymnocypris przewalskii (cyprinidae) on the tibetan plateau.	divergent selection among environments affects species distributions and can lead to speciation. in this article, we investigated the transcriptomes of two ecotypes of scaleless carp (gymnocypris przewalskii przewalskii and g. p. ganzihonensis) from the tibetan plateau. we used a transcriptome sequencing approach to screen approximately 250,000 expressed sequence tags (ests) from the gill and kidney tissues of twelve individuals from the ganzi river and lake qinghai to understand how this freshw ...	2015	25944748
relationships between climate and growth of gymnocypris selincuoensis in the tibetan plateau.	the consequences of climate change are becoming increasingly evident in the tibetan plateau, represented by glaciers retreating and lakes expanding, but the biological response to climate change by plateau-lake ecosystems is poorly known. in this study, we applied dendrochronology methods to develop a growth index chronology with otolith increment widths of selincuo naked carp (gymnocypris selincuoensis), which is an endemic species in lake selincuo (4530 m), and investigated the relationships b ...	2015	25937912
local and systemic adaptive immune responses toward viral infection via gills in ginbuna crucian carp.	recent studies on fish immunity highlighted the significance of gills as mucosal immune tissues. to understand potential of gills as vaccination sites for inducing adaptive systemic immunity, we investigated virus-specific cell-mediated and humoral immune responses following a "per-gill infection method", which directly exposes virus only to gills. the viral load in crucian carp hematopoietic necrosis virus (chnv)-infected gills decreased after peaking at a particular time point. furthermore, th ...	2015	25936589