Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| west nile virus positive blood donation and subsequent entomological investigation, austria, 2014. | the detection of west nile virus (wnv) nucleic acid in a blood donation from vienna, austria, as well as in culex pipiens pupae and egg rafts, sampled close to the donor's residence, is reported. complete genomic sequences of the human- and mosquito-derived viruses were established, genetically compared and phylogenetically analyzed. the viruses were not identical, but closely related to each other and to recent czech and italian isolates, indicating co-circulation of related wnv strains within ... | 2015 | 25961567 |
| complete sporogony of plasmodium relictum (lineage pgrw4) in mosquitoes culex pipiens pipiens, with implications on avian malaria epidemiology. | plasmodium relictum (lineage pgrw4) causes malaria in birds and is actively transmitted in countries with warm climates and also temperate regions of the new world. in europe, the lineage pgrw4 has been frequently reported in many species of afrotropical migrants after their arrival from wintering grounds, but is rare in european resident birds. obstacles for transmission of this parasite in europe have not been identified. culex quinquefasciatus is an effective vector of pgrw4 malaria, but this ... | 2015 | 25958156 |
| key enzymes and proteins of crop insects as candidate for rnai based gene silencing. | rna interference (rnai) is a mechanism of homology dependent gene silencing present in plants and animals. it operates through 21-24 nucleotides small rnas which are processed through a set of core enzymatic machinery that involves dicer and argonaute proteins. in recent past, the technology has been well appreciated toward the control of plant pathogens and insects through suppression of key genes/proteins of infecting organisms. the genes encoding key enzymes/proteins with the great potential ... | 2015 | 25954206 |
| identification and molecular characterization of two acetylcholinesterases from the salmon louse, lepeophtheirus salmonis. | acetylcholinesterase (ache) is an important enzyme in cholinergic synapses. most arthropods have two genes (ace1 and ace2), but only one encodes the predominant synaptic ache, the main target for organophosphates. resistance towards organophosphates is widespread in the marine arthropod lepeophtheirus salmonis. to understand this trait, it is essential to characterize the gene(s) coding for ache(s). the full length cdna sequences encoding two aches in l. salmonis were molecularly characterized i ... | 2015 | 25938836 |
| larvicidal activity and possible mode of action of four flavonoids and two fatty acids identified in millettia pinnata seed toward three mosquito species. | aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus and culex pipiens pallens mosquitoes transmit dengue fever and west nile virus diseases, respectively. this study was conducted to determine the toxicity and mechanism of action of four flavonoids and two fatty acids from millettia pinnata (fabaceae) seed as well as six pure fatty acids and four fatty acid esters toward third instar larvae from insecticide-susceptible c. pipiens pallens and a. aegypti as well as wild a. albopictus. efficacy of 12 experimental l ... | 2015 | 25928224 |
| small mosquitoes, large implications: crowding and starvation affects gene expression and nutrient accumulation in aedes aegypti. | environmental factors such as temperature, nutrient availability, and larval density determine the outcome of postembryonic development in mosquitoes. suboptimal temperatures, crowding, and starvation during the larval phase reduce adult mosquito size, nutrient stores and affect vectorial capacity. | 2015 | 25924822 |
| west nile virus antibody decay rate in free-ranging birds. | antibody duration, following a humoral immune response to west nile virus (wnv) infection, is poorly understood in free-ranging avian hosts. quantifying antibody decay rate is important for interpreting serologic results and for understanding the potential for birds to serorevert and become susceptible again. we sampled free-ranging birds in chicago, illinois, us, from 2005 to 2011 and atlanta, georgia, us, from 2010 to 2012 to examine the dynamics of antibody decay following natural wnv infecti ... | 2015 | 25919465 |
| a neuron-specific antiviral mechanism prevents lethal flaviviral infection of mosquitoes. | mosquitoes are natural vectors for many etiologic agents of human viral diseases. mosquito-borne flaviviruses can persistently infect the mosquito central nervous system without causing dramatic pathology or influencing the mosquito behavior and lifespan. the mechanism by which the mosquito nervous system resists flaviviral infection is still largely unknown. here we report that an aedes aegypti homologue of the neural factor hikaru genki (aahig) efficiently restricts flavivirus infection of the ... | 2015 | 25915054 |
| wolbachia utilize host actin for efficient maternal transmission in drosophila melanogaster. | wolbachia pipientis is a ubiquitous, maternally transmitted bacterium that infects the germline of insect hosts. estimates are that wolbachia infect nearly 40% of insect species on the planet, making it the most prevalent infection on earth. the bacterium, infamous for the reproductive phenotypes it induces in arthropod hosts, has risen to recent prominence due to its use in vector control. wolbachia infection prevents the colonization of vectors by rna viruses, including drosophila c virus and ... | 2015 | 25906062 |
| effect of repeat human blood feeding on wolbachia density and dengue virus infection in aedes aegypti. | the introduction of the endosymbiotic bacterium, wolbachia into aedes aegypti populations is a novel approach to reduce disease transmission. the presence of wolbachia limits the ability of the mosquito to transmit dengue virus (denv) and the strength of this effect appears to correlate with wolbachia densities in the mosquito. there is also some evidence that wolbachia densities may increase following the consumption of a bloodmeal. here we have examined whether multiple blood feeds lead to inc ... | 2015 | 25903749 |
| decrease of larval and subsequent adult anopheles sergentii populations following feeding of adult mosquitoes from bacillus sphaericus-containing attractive sugar baits. | bacillus sphaericus is a mosquito-larvae pathogen which proliferates in the host cadavers, spreading and preserving the infection within the larval habitats for prolonged periods. in this pilot field study, we presented b. sphaericus-containing attractive sugar baits (asb) to wild anopheles sergentii adults, with the assumption that bait-fed, b. sphaericus-carrying mosquitoes are able to efficiently transmit the pathogen to the larval habitats, causing larval mortality and leading to a decrease ... | 2015 | 25899788 |
| hyperparasitism of mosquitoes by water mite larvae. | hyperparasitism of ectoparasitic water mite larvae on mosquitoes is still a neglected relationship and was investigated only in a few studies. we analysed 2313 female mosquitoes from six different sampling localities with regard to their degree of parasitism with water mite larvae. in total, we found 38 mosquito individuals parasitized by 93 water mite larvae, ranging from 1 to 12 larvae per mosquito. water mite larvae detected are members of the two species parathyas cf. barbigera (n = 92) and ... | 2015 | 25899329 |
| target-site resistance mutations (kdr and rdl), but not metabolic resistance, negatively impact male mating competiveness in the malaria vector anopheles gambiae. | the implementation of successful insecticide resistance management strategies for malaria control is currently hampered by poor understanding of the fitness cost of resistance on mosquito populations, including their mating competiveness. to fill this knowledge gap, coupled and uncoupled anopheles gambiae s.l. males (all m form (anopheles coluzzii)) were collected from mating swarms in burkina faso. this multiple insecticide resistant population exhibited high 1014f kdr(r) allele frequencies (>6 ... | 2015 | 25899013 |
| culex torrentium mosquito role as major enzootic vector defined by rate of sindbis virus infection, sweden, 2009. | we isolated sindbis virus (sinv) from the enzootic mosquito vectors culex torrentium, cx. pipiens, and culiseta morsitans collected in an area of sweden where sinv disease is endemic. the infection rate in cx. torrentium mosquitoes was exceptionally high (36 infections/1,000 mosquitoes), defining cx. torrentium as the main enzootic vector of sinv in scandinavia. | 0 | 25898013 |
| global transcriptional dynamics of diapause induction in non-blood-fed and blood-fed aedes albopictus. | aedes albopictus is a vector of increasing public health concern due to its rapid global range expansion and ability to transmit dengue virus, chikungunya virus and a wide range of additional arboviruses. traditional vector control strategies have been largely ineffective against ae. albopictus and novel approaches are urgently needed. photoperiodic diapause is a crucial ecological adaptation in a wide range of temperate insects. therefore, targeting the molecular regulation of photoperiodic dia ... | 2015 | 25897664 |
| male seminal fluid substances affect sperm competition success and female reproductive behavior in a seed beetle. | male seminal fluid proteins are known to affect female reproductive behavior and physiology by reducing mating receptivity and by increasing egg production rates. such substances are also though to increase the competitive fertilization success of males, but the empirical foundation for this tenet is restricted. here, we examined the effects of injections of size-fractioned protein extracts from male reproductive organs on both male competitive fertilization success (i.e., p2 in double mating ex ... | 2015 | 25893888 |
| mechanism behind resistance against the organophosphate azamethiphos in salmon lice (lepeophtheirus salmonis). | acetylcholinesterase (ache) is the primary target for organophosphates (op). several mutations have been reported in ache to be associated with the reduced sensitivity against op in various arthropods. however, to the best of our knowledge, no such reports are available for lepeophtheirus salmonis. hence, in the present study, we aimed to determine the association of ache(s) gene(s) with resistance against op. we screened the ache genes (l. salmonis ace1a and ace1b) in two salmon lice population ... | 2015 | 25893248 |
| novel mutations on the ace-1 gene of the malaria vector anopheles albimanus provide evidence for balancing selection in an area of high insecticide resistance in peru. | resistance to multiple classes of insecticides has been detected in the malaria vector anopheles albimanus in northwest peru. acetylcholinesterase (ache) insensitivity has previously been associated with resistance to organophosphate (op) and carbamate (ca) insecticides in arthropods. a single point mutation on the ace-1 gene (g119s) associated with resistance to ops and cas has been described previously in four anopheline species, but not in field-collected an. albimanus. the present study aime ... | 2015 | 25889700 |
| impacts of the creation, expansion and management of english wetlands on mosquito presence and abundance - developing strategies for future disease mitigation. | the incidence of mosquito-borne diseases is increasing in europe, partly due to the incursion of a number of invasive species known to be vectors of dengue and chikungunya viruses, but also due to the involvement of native species in the transmission of west nile virus and malaria. for some of these pathogens, there is a risk of the re-emergence of vector-borne diseases that were once widespread in europe, but declined partly due to large-scale land-drainage projects. some mosquito species explo ... | 2015 | 25889666 |
| genetic structuring and fixed polymorphisms in the gene period among natural populations of lutzomyia longipalpis in brazil. | even one hundred years after being originally identified, aspects of the taxonomy of the sand fly lutzomyia longipalpis, the principal vector of leishmania infantum in the americas, remain unresolved for brazilian populations of this vector. the diversity of morphological, behavioral, biochemical, and ethological characters, as well as the genetic variability detected by molecular markers are indicative of the presence of a complex of species. | 2015 | 25889567 |
| evaluation of a protocol for remote identification of mosquito vector species reveals bg-sentinel trap as an efficient tool for anopheles gambiae outdoor collection in burkina faso. | feasibility and costs of monitoring efforts aimed to monitor mosquito species are strictly dependent on the presence of skilled entomologists directly in the field. however, in several contexts this is not possible or easy to organize, thus limiting the possibility to obtain crucial information on presence/abundance of potential disease vectors and of new invasive species. digital imaging approaches could be extremely useful in the frame of medical entomology to overcome this limit. this work de ... | 2015 | 25888896 |
| understanding west nile virus ecology in europe: culex pipiens host feeding preference in a hotspot of virus emergence. | understanding wildlife disease ecology is becoming an urgent need due to the continuous emergence and spread of several wildlife zoonotic diseases. west nile virus (wnv) is the most widespread arthropod-borne virus in the world, and in recent decades there has been an increase both in geographic range, and in the frequency of symptomatic infections in humans and wildlife. the principal vector for wnv in europe is the common house culex pipiens mosquito, which feeds on a wide variety of vertebrat ... | 2015 | 25888754 |
| first molecular identification of mosquito vectors of dirofilaria immitis in continental portugal. | canine dirofilariasis due to dirofilaria immitis is known to be endemic in continental portugal. however, information about the transmitting mosquito species is still scarce, with only culex theileri identified to date, albeit with l1-2, through dissection. this study was carried out to investigate the potential vectors of dirofilaria spp. in continental portugal. | 2015 | 25886610 |
| enhanced west nile virus surveillance in the north kent marshes, uk. | as part of efforts to more fully understand the potential risks posed by west nile virus (wnv) and usutu virus (usuv) in the uk, and following on from previous reports of a potential bridge vector culex modestus for these viruses, at wetland sites in north kent, mosquito surveillance was undertaken more widely across the isle of sheppey, the hoo peninsula and the kent mainland. | 2015 | 25884920 |
| development of dirofilaria immitis within the mosquito aedes (finlaya) koreicus, a new invasive species for europe. | over the recent decades, container-breeding mosquito species belonging to the genus aedes have frequently been recorded far from their place of origin. aedes koreicus was first reported in north-eastern italy in 2011, in a region endemic for dirofilaria immitis, the agent of canine heartworm disease. the vector competence of ae. koreicus for d. immitis was here tested under laboratory conditions, by infecting mosquitoes with a local strain of d. immitis. | 2015 | 25884876 |
| insights into the evolutionary history of japanese encephalitis virus (jev) based on whole-genome sequences comprising the five genotypes. | japanese encephalitis virus (jev) is the etiological agent of japanese encephalitis (je), one of the most serious viral encephalitis worldwide. five genotypes have been classified based on phylogenetic analysis of the viral envelope gene or the complete genome. previous studies based on four genotypes have reported that in evolutionary terms, genotype 1 jev is the most recent lineage. however, until now, no systematic phylogenetic analysis was reported based on whole genomic sequence of all five ... | 2015 | 25884184 |
| new adhesive traps to monitor urban mosquitoes with a case study to assess the efficacy of insecticide control strategies in temperate areas. | urban mosquitoes in temperate regions may represent a high nuisance and are associated with the risk of arbovirus transmission. common practices to reduce this burden, at least in italian highly infested urban areas, imply calendar-based larvicide treatments of street catch basins - which represent the main non-removable urban breeding site - and/or insecticide ground spraying. the planning of these interventions, as well as the evaluation of their effectiveness, rarely benefit of adequate monit ... | 2015 | 25880935 |
| identification of proteins associated with pyrethroid resistance by itraq-based quantitative proteomic analysis in culex pipiens pallens. | mosquito control based on chemical insecticides is considered as an important element in the current global strategies for the control of mosquito-borne diseases. unfortunately, the development of pyrethroid resistance in important vector mosquito species jeopardizes the effectiveness of insecticide-based mosquito control. to date, the mechanisms of pyrethroid resistance are still unclear. recent advances in proteomic techniques can facilitate to identify pyrethroid resistance-associated protein ... | 2015 | 25880395 |
| insect-specific flaviviruses: a systematic review of their discovery, host range, mode of transmission, superinfection exclusion potential and genomic organization. | there has been a dramatic increase in the number of insect-specific flaviviruses (isfs) discovered in the last decade. historically, these viruses have generated limited interest due to their inability to infect vertebrate cells. this viewpoint has changed in recent years because some isfs have been shown to enhance or suppress the replication of medically important flaviviruses in co-infected mosquito cells. additionally, comparative studies between isfs and medically important flaviviruses can ... | 2015 | 25866904 |
| the global ecology and epidemiology of west nile virus. | since its initial isolation in uganda in 1937 through the present, west nile virus (wnv) has become an important cause of human and animal disease worldwide. wnv, an enveloped virus of the genus flavivirus, is naturally maintained in an enzootic cycle between birds and mosquitoes, with occasional epizootic spillover causing disease in humans and horses. the mosquito vectors for wnv are widely distributed worldwide, and the known geographic range of wnv transmission and disease has continued to i ... | 2015 | 25866777 |
| contemporary evolution of resistance at the major insecticide target site gene ace-1 by mutation and copy number variation in the malaria mosquito anopheles gambiae. | functionally constrained genes are ideal insecticide targets because disruption is often fatal, and resistance mutations are typically costly. synaptic acetylcholinesterase (ache) is an essential neurotransmission enzyme targeted by insecticides used increasingly in malaria control. in anopheles and culex mosquitoes, a glycine-serine substitution at codon 119 of the ace-1 gene confers both resistance and fitness costs, especially for 119s/s homozygotes. g119s in anopheles gambiae from accra (gha ... | 2015 | 25865270 |
| methods of mosquito plague control in świnoujście area based on the analysis of species distribution. | studies conducted in 2013 in świnoujście area aimed at determining mosquito species distribution and analyzing sites, productivity and dynamics of larva and adult breeding as well as developing guidelines for effective mosquito control in this area. | 2015 | 25862454 |
| long-term fungal inhibition by pisum sativum flour hydrolysate during storage of wheat flour bread. | in order to identify antifungal compounds from natural sources to be used as ingredients in the bakery industry, water/salt-soluble extracts (wse) from different legume flour hydrolysates obtained by the use of a fungal protease were assayed against penicillium roqueforti dppmaf1. the agar diffusion assays allowed the selection of the pea (pisum sativum) hydrolysate as the most active. as shown by the hyphal radial growth rate, the wse had inhibitory activity towards several fungi isolated from ... | 2015 | 25862230 |
| [presumptive role of wolbachia in deltamethrin resistance of culex pipiens pallens]. | to investigate the relationship between wolbachia and deltamethrin resistance in culex pipiens pallens. | 2014 | 25856898 |
| rna shotgun metagenomic sequencing of northern california (usa) mosquitoes uncovers viruses, bacteria, and fungi. | mosquitoes, most often recognized for the microbial agents of disease they may carry, harbor diverse microbial communities that include viruses, bacteria, and fungi, collectively called the microbiota. the composition of the microbiota can directly and indirectly affect disease transmission through microbial interactions that could be revealed by its characterization in natural populations of mosquitoes. furthermore, the use of shotgun metagenomic sequencing (sms) approaches could allow the disc ... | 2015 | 25852655 |
| [the spatial distribution and infection of culex pipiens l. mosquitoes with western nile virus in the volgograd region]. | the infection of culex pipiens f. pipiens and cx. pipiens f. molestus mosquitoes with western nile virus was studied. their taxonomic status was determined from the type of mitochondrial dna. among 424 females individually examined, there were 4 infected specimens: 3 pipens females gathered in the urban and suburban open biotopes and one molestus female caught in the open urban biotope. molestus mitotype females were first detected in the suburban open biotopes. the possible reasons for the wide ... | 2015 | 25850309 |
| combining the sterile insect technique with the incompatible insect technique: i-impact of wolbachia infection on the fitness of triple- and double-infected strains of aedes albopictus. | the mosquito species aedes albopictus is a major vector of the human diseases dengue and chikungunya. due to the lack of efficient and sustainable methods to control this mosquito species, there is an increasing interest in developing and applying the sterile insect technique (sit) and the incompatible insect technique (iit), separately or in combination, as population suppression approaches. ae. albopictus is naturally double-infected with two wolbachia strains, walba and walbb. a new triple wo ... | 2015 | 25849812 |
| bioactivity of six plant extracts on adults of demotispa neivai (coleoptera: chrysomelidae). | demotispa neivai bondar (coleoptera: chrysomelidae) damage oil palm fruits, which makes it necessary to develop products to control this insect. the mortality, repellency, and antifeeding effects on adults of d. neivai of six plant extracts of azadirachta indica a. juss. (sapindales: meliaceae), ricinus communis (l.) (malpighiaes: euphorbiaceae), citrus sinensis oesbek (sapindales: rutaceae), nicotiana tabacum (l.) (slanales: solanaceae), capsicum annuum (l.) (solanales: solanaceae), and artemis ... | 2015 | 25843587 |
| larvicidal activity of naturally occurring naphthalenedione and its structurally related analogs against three mosquito species. | the objective of this study was to determine the larvicidal activity of an active compound isolated from cercis chinensis heartwood and its structurally related analogs against 4th-stage aedes aegypti, culex pipiens pallens, and ae. togoi. the larvicidal compound of c. chinensis was isolated with the use of various chromatographic techniques and identified as analogs of 1,4-naphthalenedione. based on the median lethal concentration (lc(50)) values of commercially procured analogs against ae. aeg ... | 2015 | 25843178 |
| macrocyclops albidus (copepoda: cyclopidae) for the biocontrol of aedes albopictus and culex pipiens in italy. | the aim of our study was to assess the potential of macrocyclops albidus as a biological control agent against the 1st and 2nd instars of culex pipiens and aedes albopictus. under laboratory conditions of prey saturation (50 1st instars/copepod), an average of 58.98% of cx. pipiens and 54.99% of ae. albopictus larvae were killed by 1 copepod in 24 h. trials run in big drums containing 200 liters of water showed that the m. albidus population, inoculated in april, efficiently controlled the mosqu ... | 2015 | 25843174 |
| genetic characterization of esterase activity variants associated with an esterase gene amplification in a strain of culex pipiens from california. | in the culex pipiens complex, a common mechanism of insecticide resistance is amplification of esterase genes leading to overproduction of detoxifying esterase enzymes. a number of electrophoretic esterase alleles have been identified, and in field populations individuals with the same esterase electromorph can exhibit a wide range of esterase enzyme activities. we isolated and characterized esterase activity variants associated with the esterase b1 electromorph from a field strain. a mating sch ... | 2015 | 25843171 |
| comparison of the potential for different genetic forms in the culex pipiens complex in north america to transmit rift valley fever virus. | rift valley fever virus (rvfv), a mosquito-borne virus, has been responsible for large outbreaks in africa that have resulted in hundreds of thousands of human infections and major economic disruption due to loss of livestock and to trade restrictions. culex pipiens was implicated as the principal vector of the egyptian outbreak in 1977 that affected about 200,000 people. in the northern usa, cx. pipiens occurs both as a mix of forms pipiens and molestus (i.e., us culex pipiens) as well as pure ... | 2014 | 25843130 |
| evaluation of culex pipiens populations in a residential area with a high density of catch basins in a suburb of chicago, illinois. | the north shore mosquito abatement district applies extended release larvicides including methoprene-based altosid® xr extended residual briquets to approximately 40,000 catch basins in the southern half of the district's operational area at the beginning of each season. treatments begin in may and typically again 9 to 10 wk later when larvicide efficacy appears to wane. in 2013 spinosad-based natular™ xrt tablets were applied to basins, and a subset were monitored for larvae and pupae weekly wi ... | 2014 | 25843100 |
| fumigant activity of 6 selected essential oil compounds and combined effect of methyl salicylate and trans-cinnamaldehyde against culex pipiens pallens. | we studied the knockdown activity and lethal toxicity of 6 essential oil compounds-methyl salicylate, linalool, 2-phenethyl alcohol, eugenol, β-citronellol, and trans-cinnamaldehyde-as fumigants against adult female culex pipiens pallens in the laboratory. of the 6 products tested, trans-cinnamaldehyde was the most toxic (lc50 = 0.26 µl/l air, 24 h) with a slow knockdown time (kt95 = 176.5 min at 0.5 µl/l air). methyl salicylate displayed a lower toxicity (lc50 = 1.17 µl/l air, 24 h) but t ... | 2014 | 25843095 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of the allatotropin precursor and receptor in the desert locust, schistocerca gregaria. | allatotropins (ats) are pleiotropic neuropeptides initially isolated from the tobacco hornworm, manduca sexta. in 2008, the first receptor for at-like peptides (atr) was characterized in bombyx mori. since then, atrs have also been characterized in m. sexta, tribolium castaneum, aedes aegypti and bombus terrestris. these receptors show sequence similarity to vertebrate orexin (orx) receptors. when generating an est-database of the desert locust (schistocerca gregaria) central nervous system, we ... | 2015 | 25814925 |
| wolbachia density and cytoplasmic incompatibility in aedes albopictus: concerns with using artificial wolbachia infection as a vector suppression tool. | the mosquito aedes albopictusi is a competent vector of harmful human pathogens, including viruses causing dengue and chikungunya. cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci) induced by endosymbiotic wolbachia can be used to produce functionally sterile males that can be released in the field as a suppression tool against this mosquito. because the available sexing methods are not efficient enough to avoid unintentional release of a few transinfected females, we assessed the ci pattern in crosses between w ... | 2015 | 25812130 |
| insecticide resistance alleles in wetland and residential populations of the west nile virus vector culex pipiens in new jersey. | in spite of the extensive use of insecticides to control culex pipiens in the aftermath of west nile virus, knowledge of the spatial distribution and frequency of insecticide resistance in this species is poorly understood in the united states. this paper reports on the occurrence of upregulated esterases that detoxify organophosphates (ops) and mutations conferring resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in natural and developed areas of new jersey. | 2016 | 25809655 |
| risk factors associated with rift valley fever epidemics in south africa in 2008-11. | rift valley fever (rvf) is a zoonotic and vector-borne disease, mainly present in africa, which represents a threat to human health, animal health and production. south africa has experienced three major rvf epidemics (1950-51, 1973-75 and 2008-11). due to data scarcity, no previous study has quantified risk factors associated with rvf epidemics in animals in south africa. using the 2008-11 epidemic datasets, a retrospective longitudinal study was conducted to identify and quantify spatial and t ... | 2015 | 25804974 |
| identifying the environmental conditions favouring west nile virus outbreaks in europe. | west nile virus (wnv) is a globally important mosquito borne virus, with significant implications for human and animal health. the emergence and spread of new lineages, and increased pathogenicity, is the cause of escalating public health concern. pinpointing the environmental conditions that favour wnv circulation and transmission to humans is challenging, due both to the complexity of its biological cycle, and the under-diagnosis and reporting of epidemiological data. here, we used remote sens ... | 2015 | 25803814 |
| meteorological conditions associated with increased incidence of west nile virus disease in the united states, 2004-2012. | west nile virus (wnv) is a leading cause of mosquito-borne disease in the united states. annual seasonal outbreaks vary in size and location. predicting where and when higher than normal wnv transmission will occur can help direct limited public health resources. we developed models for the contiguous united states to identify meteorological anomalies associated with above average incidence of wnv neuroinvasive disease from 2004 to 2012. we used county-level wnv data reported to arbonet and mete ... | 2015 | 25802435 |
| double nexus--doublesex is the connecting element in sex determination. | in recent years, our knowledge of the conserved master-switch gene doublesex (dsx) and its function in regulating the development of dimorphic traits in insects has deepened considerably. here, a comprehensive overview is given on the properties of the male- and female-specific dsx transcripts yielding dsx(f) and dsx(m) proteins in drosophila melanogaster, and the many downstream targets that they regulate. as insects have cell-autonomous sex determination, it was assumed that dsx would be expre ... | 2015 | 25797692 |
| dopamine receptor antagonists as new mode-of-action insecticide leads for control of aedes and culex mosquito vectors. | new mode-of-action insecticides are sought to provide continued control of pesticide resistant arthropod vectors of neglected tropical diseases (ntds). we previously identified antagonists of the aadop2 d1-like dopamine receptor (dar) from the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, with toxicity to ae. aegypti larvae as leads for novel insecticides. to extend dar-based insecticide discovery, we evaluated the molecular and pharmacological characteristics of an orthologous dar target, cqdop2, from ... | 2015 | 25793586 |
| nectar protein content and attractiveness to aedes aegypti and culex pipiens in plants with nectar/insect associations. | we chose five easily propagated garden plants previously shown to be attractive to mosquitoes, ants or other insects and tested them for attractiveness to culex pipiens and aedes aegypti. long term imbibition was tested by survival on each plant species. both mosquito species survived best on impatiens walleriana, the common garden impatiens, followed by asclepias curassavica, campsis radicans and passiflora edulis, which sponsored survival as well as the 10% sucrose control. immediate preferenc ... | 2015 | 25792420 |
| plasmodium infection brings forward mosquito oviposition. | invertebrate hosts often bring forward their reproductive effort in response to a parasitic infection. this is widely interpreted as a host-driven response aimed at compensating for the expected losses in future fitness as a result of parasitism. here we report that mosquitoes bring forward their oviposition schedule when they are infected with plasmodium, a parasite known to severely curtail mosquito fecundity. this response could aim at compensating for a negative time-dependent effect of the ... | 0 | 25788485 |
| [experimental study on cross-resistance of culex pipiens pallens to 3 kinds of chemical pesticides]. | to understand the cross-resistance of culex pipiens pallens to common pesticides, so as to provide the evidence for improving the application of chemical pesticides. | 2014 | 25782251 |
| isolation and distribution of mosquito-larvicidal cry genes in bacillus thuringiensis strains native to saudi arabia. | a total of 157 environmental samples were collected from 11 ecological regions across saudi arabia to isolate native bacillus thuringiensis (bt) strains. bt isolates (n=103) were recovered by the 50% (v/v) ethanol treatment method with bt index range of 0.01 to 0.4. most of bt isolates showed spherical crystals (54%), while, irregular, bi-pyramidal, and spore-attached crystal constituted 27, 16 and 3% respectively. pcr analysis with eight general and specific dipteran primers of cry and cyt gene ... | 2014 | 25776587 |
| identification of foxo targets that generate diverse features of the diapause phenotype in the mosquito culex pipiens. | insulin and juvenile hormone signaling direct entry of the mosquito culex pipiens into its overwintering adult diapause, and these two critical signaling pathways appear to do so by converging on the regulation of forkhead transcription factor (foxo). diapause is a complex phenotype, and foxo emerges as a prime candidate for activating many of the diverse physiological pathways that generate the diapause phenotype. here, we used chip sequencing to identify direct targets of foxo. the nearest gen ... | 2015 | 25775593 |
| wolbachia-based population control strategy targeting culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes proves efficient under semi-field conditions. | in mosquitoes, the maternally inherited bacterial wolbachia induce a form of embryonic lethality called cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci). this property can be used to reduce the density of mosquito field populations through inundative releases of incompatible males in order to sterilize females (incompatible insect technique, or iit, strategy). we have previously constructed the lr[wpip(is)] line representing a good candidate for controlling field populations of the culex quinquefasciatus mosqui ... | 2015 | 25768841 |
| the recent escalation in strength of pyrethroid resistance in anopheles coluzzi in west africa is linked to increased expression of multiple gene families. | since 2011, the level of pyrethroid resistance in the major malaria mosquito, anopheles coluzzi, has increased to such an extent in burkina faso that none of the long lasting insecticide treated nets (llins) currently in use throughout the country kill the local mosquito vectors. we investigated whether this observed increase was associated with transcriptional changes in field-caught anopheles coluzzi using two independent whole-genome microarray studies, performed in 2011 and 2012. | 2015 | 25766412 |
| transgenerational effect of infection in plasmodium-infected mosquitoes. | transgenerational effects of infection have a huge potential to influence the prevalence and intensity of infections in vectors and, by extension, disease epidemiology. these transgenerational effects may increase the fitness of offspring through the transfer of protective immune factors. alternatively, however, infected mothers may transfer the costs of infection to their offspring. although transgenerational immune protection has been described in a dozen invertebrate species, we still lack a ... | 0 | 25762571 |
| canine heartworm in southeastern of iran with review of disease distribution. | heartworm (dirofilaria immitis) is mosquito-borne filarial nematode capable of causing serious cardiopulmonary disease in canines and felines, and pulmonary dirofilariasis in man. this research was conducted with the objectives of determining the incidence and assessing possible risk factors of canine heartworm in the southeast of iran. | 0 | 25759738 |
| genetic divergence between populations of feral and domestic forms of a mosquito disease vector assessed by transcriptomics. | culex pipiens, an invasive mosquito and vector of west nile virus in the us, has two morphologically indistinguishable forms that differ dramatically in behavior and physiology. cx. pipiens form pipiens is primarily a bird-feeding temperate mosquito, while the sub-tropical cx. pipiens form molestus thrives in sewers and feeds on mammals. because the feral form can diapause during the cold winters but the domestic form cannot, the two cx. pipiens forms are allopatric in northern europe and, altho ... | 2015 | 25755934 |
| xenomonitoring of different filarial nematodes using single and multiplex pcr in mosquitoes from assiut governorate, egypt. | wuchereria bancrofti, dirofilaria immitis, and dirofilaria repens are filarial nematodes transmitted by mosquitoes belonging to culex, aedes, and anopheles genera. screening by vector dissection is a tiresome technique. we aimed to screen filarial parasites in their vectors by single and multiplex pcr and evaluate the usefulness of multiplex pcr as a rapid xenomonitoring and simultaneous differentiation tool, in area where 3 filarial parasites are coexisting. female mosquitoes were collected fro ... | 2015 | 25748712 |
| efficacy of fipronil combined with permethrin commercial spot on (effitix) preventing culex pipiens from feeding on dogs. | a controlled clinical trial was carried out to assess the adulticidal and anti-feeding effectiveness of a spot-on combining fipronil and permethrin (effitix, virbac, carros, france) in preventing culex pipiens from feeding on dogs. twelve dogs with equal sensitivity to mosquitoes were included in the study and divided into two groups of six dogs: an untreated control group and a group treated with effitix. all dogs were challenged with 80 females c. pipiens for 90 ± 5 min on days -7, 1, 7, 14, 2 ... | 2015 | 25739921 |
| [coevolution of symbiotic bacteria wolbachia and host mtdna in russian populations of the culex pipiens mosquito complex]. | the mitochondrial dna phylogenies of closely related forms of mosquitoes from the culex pipiens complex and of strains of the endosymbiotic bacteria wolbachia pipientis were compared. based on the cytochrome oxidase subunit i gene polymorphism, six mitochondrial haplotypes and four w. pipientis groups were discovered in mosquitoes from geographically remote populations. a strict correlation between the coi type and the type of w. pipientis proves the stable coinheritance and distribution of both ... | 2014 | 25739293 |
| diagnostic approach for monitoring hydroclimatic conditions related to emergence of west nile virus in west virginia. | west nile virus (wnv), mosquito-borne and water-based disease, is increasingly a global threat to public health. since its appearance in the northeastern united states in 1999, wnv has since been reported in several states in the continental united states. the objective of this study is to highlight role of hydroclimatic processes estimated through satellite sensors in capturing conditions for emergence of the vectors in historically disease free regions. we tested the hypothesis that an increas ... | 2015 | 25729746 |
| new insights into flavivirus evolution, taxonomy and biogeographic history, extended by analysis of canonical and alternative coding sequences. | to generate the most diverse phylogenetic dataset for the flaviviruses to date, we determined the genomic sequences and phylogenetic relationships of 14 flaviviruses, of which 10 are primarily associated with culex spp. mosquitoes. we analyze these data, in conjunction with a comprehensive collection of flavivirus genomes, to characterize flavivirus evolutionary and biogeographic history in unprecedented detail and breadth. based on the presumed introduction of yellow fever virus into the americ ... | 2015 | 25719412 |
| two cathepsins b are responsible for the yolk protein hydrolysis in culex quinquefasciatus. | despite the established role of culex quinquefasciatus as a vector of various neurotropic viruses, such as the rift valley and west nile viruses, as well as lymphatic filariasis, little is known regarding the organism's reproductive physiology. as in other oviparous animals, vitellogenin, the most important source of nutrients for the embryo development, is digested by intracellular proteases. using mass spectrometry, we have identified two cathepsin b homologues partially purified by self-prote ... | 2015 | 25710877 |
| comparison of the efficiency and cost of west nile virus surveillance methods in california. | surveillance systems for west nile virus (wnv) combine several methods to determine the location and timing of viral amplification. the value of each surveillance method must be measured against its efficiency and costs to optimize integrated vector management and suppress wnv transmission to the human population. here we extend previous comparisons of wnv surveillance methods by equitably comparing the most common methods after standardization on the basis of spatial sampling density and costs, ... | 0 | 25700046 |
| trade-off between thermal tolerance and insecticide resistance in plutella xylostella. | fitness costs associated with resistance to insecticides have been well documented, usually at normal temperature conditions, in many insect species. in this study, using chlorpyrifos-resistant homozygote (rr) and chlorpyrifos-susceptible homozygote (ss) of resistance ace1 allele of plutella xylostella (dbm), we confirmed firstly that high temperature experience in pupal stage influenced phenotype of wing venation in insecticide-resistant and insecticide-susceptible plutella xylostella, and ss d ... | 2015 | 25691976 |
| toxicity of amorphigenin from the seeds of amorpha fruticosa against the larvae of culex pipiens pallens (diptera: culicidae). | the larvicidal activity of the crude petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, acetone, chloroform and ethanol extracts of amorpha fruticosa seeds was individually assayed for toxicity against the early fourth-instar larva of the mosquito, culex pipiens pallens after 24 h exposure. of the tested extracts, the ethanol one exhibited the highest larvicidal activity (lc50 = 22.69 mg/l). amorphigenin (8'-hydroxyrotenone), a rotenoid compound which exhibits a strong larvicidal activity with lc50 and lc90 values ... | 2015 | 25690287 |
| evidence that implicit assumptions of 'no evolution' of disease vectors in changing environments can be violated on a rapid timescale. | projected impacts of climate change on vector-borne disease dynamics must consider many variables relevant to hosts, vectors and pathogens, including how altered environmental characteristics might affect the spatial distributions of vector species. however, many predictive models for vector distributions consider their habitat requirements to be fixed over relevant time-scales, when they may actually be capable of rapid evolutionary change and even adaptation. we examine the genetic signature o ... | 0 | 25688024 |
| climate change impacts on west nile virus transmission in a global context. | west nile virus (wnv), the most widely distributed virus of the encephalitic flaviviruses, is a vector-borne pathogen of global importance. the transmission cycle exists in rural and urban areas where the virus infects birds, humans, horses and other mammals. multiple factors impact the transmission and distribution of wnv, related to the dynamics and interactions between pathogen, vector, vertebrate hosts and environment. hence, among other drivers, weather conditions have direct and indirect i ... | 0 | 25688020 |
| climate change and epidemiology of human parasitosis in egypt: a review. | climate change is an emerging global issue. it is expected to have significant impacts both in egypt and around the world. thus, the country is in need for taking action to prepare for the unavoidable effects of climate change, including the increase in water stress, the rise in sea level, and the rapidly increasing gap between the limited water availability and the escalating demand for water in the country. also, weather and climate play a significant role in people's health. direct impacts of ... | 2013 | 25685530 |
| transcriptomic responses to emamectin benzoate in pacific and atlantic canada salmon lice lepeophtheirus salmonis with differing levels of drug resistance. | salmon lice lepeophtheirus salmonis are an ecologically and economically important parasite of wild and farmed salmon. in scotland, norway, and eastern canada, l. salmonis have developed resistance to emamectin benzoate (emb), one of the few parasiticides available for salmon lice. drug resistance mechanisms can be complex, potentially differing among populations and involving multiple genes with additive effects (i.e., polygenic resistance). indicators of resistance development may enable early ... | 2014 | 25685190 |
| relations of wolbachia infection with phylogeography of philaenus spumarius (hemiptera: aphrophoridae) populations within and beyond the carpathian contact zone. | wolbachia is the most widespread intracellular α-proteobacteria maternally inherited endosymbiont of insects and nematodes. these bacteria are associated with a number of different reproductive phenotypes of their hosts. relatively few studies have dealt with distribution of infections across populations and with the influence of these bacteria on host genetic diversification and speciation. the aims of this study are to determine the distribution and rate of infection and to characterize the wo ... | 2015 | 25681033 |
| putative novel lineage of west nile virus in uranotaenia unguiculata mosquito, hungary. | west nile virus (wnv) is an increasing public health concern in europe with numerous human cases. a total of 23,029 female mosquitoes were tested for a variety of mosquito-borne flaviviruses and orthobunyaviruses supposedly endemic in southern transdanubia, hungary, in the frames of a large-scale surveillance between 2011 and 2013. wnv nucleic acid was detected in a single pool containing uranotaenia unguiculata mosquitoes. sequence- and phylogenetic analyses for two different regions (ns5 and e ... | 2014 | 25674630 |
| acute larvicidal activity against mosquitoes and oxygen consumption inhibitory activity of dihydroguaiaretic acid derivatives. | (-)-dihydroguaiaretic acid (dga) and its derivatives having 3-hydroxyphenyl (3-oh-dga) and variously substituted phenyl groups instead of 3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl groups were synthesized to measure their larvicidal activity against the mosquito culex pipiens linnaeus, 1758 (diptera: culicidae). compared with dga and 3-oh-dga (lc50 (m), 3.52 × 10(-5) and 4.57 × 10(-5), respectively), (8r,8'r)-lignan-3-ol (3) and its 3-me (10), 2-oh (12), 3-oh (13), and 2-ome (15) derivatives showed low potency ( ... | 2015 | 25669766 |
| detection of japanese encephalitis virus genotype v in culex orientalis and culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae) in korea. | japanese encephalitis virus (jev) causes significant viral encephalitis and is distributed throughout the asian countries. the virus is known to be transmitted by culex tritaeniorhynchus, which mainly breeds in rice paddies in korea. in this study, we investigated the presence of other mosquito species that can transmit jev as a second or regional vector. we selected five cities where patients have experienced je in the last 5 years as mosquito-collecting locations and subdivided them into four ... | 2015 | 25658839 |
| insect inhibitor-of-apoptosis (iap) proteins are negatively regulated by signal-induced n-terminal degrons absent within viral iap proteins. | inhibitor-of-apoptosis (iap) proteins are key regulators of the innate antiviral response by virtue of their capacity to respond to signals affecting cell survival. in insects, wherein the host iap provides a primary restriction to apoptosis, diverse viruses trigger rapid iap depletion that initiates caspase-mediated apoptosis, thereby limiting virus multiplication. we report here that the n-terminal leader of two insect iaps, spodoptera frugiperda sfiap and drosophila melanogaster diap1, contai ... | 2015 | 25653450 |
| functional circadian clock genes are essential for the overwintering diapause of the northern house mosquito, culex pipiens. | the short day lengths of late summer are used to program the overwintering adult diapause (dormancy) of the northern house mosquito, culex pipiens. here, we investigated the role of clock genes in initiating this diapause and asked whether the circadian cycling of clock gene expression persists during diapause. we provide evidence that the major circadian clock genes continue to cycle throughout diapause and after diapause has been terminated. rna interference (rnai) was used to knock down the c ... | 0 | 25653422 |
| biting behaviour of african malaria vectors: 1. where do the main vector species bite on the human body? | malaria control in africa relies heavily on indoor vector management, primarily indoor residual spraying and insecticide treated bed nets. little is known about outdoor biting behaviour or even the dynamics of indoor biting and infection risk of sleeping household occupants. in this paper we explore the preferred biting sites on the human body and some of the ramifications regarding infection risk and exposure management. | 2015 | 25650005 |
| environmental and genetic factors determine whether the mosquito aedes aegypti lays eggs without a blood meal. | some mosquito strains or species are able to lay eggs without taking a blood meal, a trait named autogeny. this may allow populations to persist through times or places where vertebrate hosts are scarce. autogenous egg production is highly dependent on the environment in some species, but the ideal conditions for its expression in aedes aegypti mosquitoes are unknown. we found that 3.2% of females in a population of ae. aegypti from kenya were autogenous. autogeny was strongly influenced by temp ... | 2015 | 25646251 |
| evaluation of some medicinal plants in controlling culex pipiens. | the study evaluated the efficacy of methanolic extracts of ruta chalepensis (rutaceae), withania somnifera (solanaceae), cleome paradoxa (capparaceae) and heliotropium longiflorum (boraginaceae) aerial parts against culex pipiens larvae. different concentrations (100-500 ppm) of the methanolic extracts of the plants were tested towards larval mortality and development of c. pipiens separately. larval mortalities were counted at 2, 4 & 10 days after treatment. egg hatchability was determined at 4 ... | 2014 | 25643518 |
| comparative fine structure of eggs of autogenous and anautogenous culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae). | culex (cx.) pipiens is the potential vector human filariasis in egypt. however, autogenous cx. pipiens may be less efficient vector of wuchereria (w.) bancrofti in endemic areas of egypt compared to anautogenous counterparts. in this study, an attempt was made to differentiate eggs of autogenous and anautogenous cx. pipiens using scanning electron micrographs. the results indicated that eggs of both species appear to be similar to great extent in surface morphology. eggs of both forms are black ... | 2014 | 25643517 |
| an evolutionarily-unique heterodimeric voltage-gated cation channel found in aphids. | we describe the identification in aphids of a unique heterodimeric voltage-gated sodium channel which has an atypical ion selectivity filter and, unusually for insect channels, is highly insensitive to tetrodotoxin. we demonstrate that this channel has most likely arisen by adaptation (gene fission or duplication) of an invertebrate ancestral mono(hetero)meric channel. this is the only identifiable voltage-gated sodium channel homologue in the aphid genome(s), and the channel's novel selectivity ... | 2015 | 25637326 |
| risk factors for west nile virus infection and disease in populations and individuals. | west nile virus (wnv) is a mosquito-borne enveloped positive-strand rna virus that emerged in north america in 1999 in new york city. over the past 15 years, wnv has become established throughout the usa and has spread into canada, mexico and the caribbean. cdc reports indicate >41,000 clinical cases, including more than 1700 fatalities. an estimated 3 million people in the usa may have been infected to date. infection with wnv is dependent on many factors including climate, mosquito habitats an ... | 2015 | 25637260 |
| whole transcriptome responses among females of the filariasis and arbovirus vector mosquito culex pipiens implicate tgf-β signaling and chromatin modification as key drivers of diapause induction. | culex pipiens mosquitoes are important disease vectors inhabiting temperate zones, worldwide. the seasonal reduction in temperature and photoperiod accompanying late summer and early fall prompts female mosquitoes to enter diapause, a stage of developmental arrest and physiological conditioning that enhances survival during the winter months. to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying diapause induction, we used custom whole transcriptome microarrays to identify differences in gene expre ... | 2015 | 25634120 |
| unprecedented genomic diversity of rna viruses in arthropods reveals the ancestry of negative-sense rna viruses. | although arthropods are important viral vectors, the biodiversity of arthropod viruses, as well as the role that arthropods have played in viral origins and evolution, is unclear. through rna sequencing of 70 arthropod species we discovered 112 novel viruses that appear to be ancestral to much of the documented genetic diversity of negative-sense rna viruses, a number of which are also present as endogenous genomic copies. with this greatly enriched diversity we revealed that arthropods contain ... | 2015 | 25633976 |
| repellent and insecticidal efficacy of a new combination of fipronil and permethrin against three mosquito species (aedes albopictus, aedes aegypti and culex pipiens) on dogs. | three laboratory studies were conducted to assess the repellent and insecticidal efficacy of a combination of fipronil and permethrin (frontline tri- act/frontect) against three mosquito species (aedes albopictus, aedes aegypti and culex pipiens) on dogs. | 2015 | 25633963 |
| a 'nanosuit' surface shield successfully protects organisms in high vacuum: observations on living organisms in an fe-sem. | although extremely useful for a wide range of investigations, the field emission scanning electron microscope (fe-sem) has not allowed researchers to observe living organisms. however, we have recently reported that a simple surface modification consisting of a thin extra layer, termed 'nanosuit', can keep organisms alive in the high vacuum (10(-5) to 10(-7) pa) of the sem. this paper further explores the protective properties of the nanosuit surface-shield. we found that a nanosuit formed with ... | 0 | 25631998 |
| efficacy of a new combination of fipronil and permethrin against ctenocephalides felis flea infestation in dogs. | five studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of a new combination of fipronil and permethrin on cat fleas, ctenocephalides felis, when applied to dogs, including dogs that underwent water exposure or shampooing. | 2015 | 25630582 |
| the ecological aspects of culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae) in central iran. | the aim was to survey the specific factors, which cause to decrease blood feeding of mosquitoes important to succeed vector control. | 2013 | 25629063 |
| avian malaria parasites in the last supper: identifying encounters between parasites and the invasive asian mosquito tiger and native mosquito species in italy. | the invasive asian tiger mosquito aedes albopictus has dramatically expanded its distribution range, being catalogued as one of the world's 100 worst invasive alien species. as vectors of pathogens, ae. albopictus may create novel epidemiological scenarios in the invaded areas. | 2015 | 25626918 |
| close relationship between west nile virus from turkey and lineage 1 strain from central african republic. | we sequenced west nile viruses (wnvs) from turkey and found close relationships to wnv lineage 1 strain arb310/67 from the central african republic, distinct from other wnvs circulating in the mediterranean basin, eastern europe, and the middle east. these findings suggest independent introductions of wnv strains from africa to the middle east. | 0 | 25625703 |
| lagenidium giganteum pathogenicity in mammals. | infections of mammals by species in the phylum oomycota taxonomically and molecularly similar to known lagenidium giganteum strains have increased. during 2013-2014, we conducted a phylogenetic study of 21 mammalian lagenidium isolates; we found that 11 cannot be differentiated from l. giganteum strains that the us environmental protection agency approved for biological control of mosquitoes; these strains were later unregistered and are no longer available. l. giganteum strains pathogenic to ma ... | 0 | 25625190 |
| identification of plant compounds that disrupt the insect juvenile hormone receptor complex. | insects impact human health through vector-borne diseases and cause major economic losses by damaging crops and stored agricultural products. insect-specific growth regulators represent attractive control agents because of their safety to the environment and humans. we identified plant compounds that serve as juvenile hormone antagonists (pjhans). using the yeast two-hybrid system transformed with the mosquito jh receptor as a reporter system, we demonstrate that pjhans affect the jh receptor, m ... | 2015 | 25624480 |
| a generic weather-driven model to predict mosquito population dynamics applied to species of anopheles, culex and aedes genera of southern france. | an accurate understanding and prediction of mosquito population dynamics are needed to identify areas where there is a high risk of mosquito-borne disease spread and persistence. simulation tools are relevant for supporting decision-makers in the surveillance of vector populations, as models of vector population dynamics provide predictions of the greatest risk periods for vector abundance, which can be particularly helpful in areas with a highly variable environment. we present a generic weathe ... | 2015 | 25623972 |
| fipronil and permethrin combination: a novel ectoparasiticide for dogs. | 2015 | 25622552 | |
| inter-epidemic abundance and distribution of potential mosquito vectors for rift valley fever virus in ngorongoro district, tanzania. | rift valley fever (rvf) is a mosquito-borne viral zoonosis that primarily affects ruminants but also has the capacity to infect humans. | 2015 | 25613346 |