Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| planning abilities and chess: a comparison of chess and non-chess players on the tower of london task. | playing chess requires problem-solving capacities in order to search through the chess problem space in an effective manner. chess should thus require planning abilities for calculating many moves ahead. therefore, we asked whether chess players are better problem solvers than non-chess players in a complex planning task. we compared planning performance between chess ( n=25) and non-chess players ( n=25) using a standard psychometric planning task, the tower of london (tol) test. we also assess ... | 2006 | 16848944 |
| the glance software package. | we describe the glance software package, which takes advantage of tablet pc technology to control experiments that require participants to reconstruct complex stimuli, as with the chase and simon (1973) chess reconstruction task, and to present tests that require participants to refer briefly to critical displays, as with the digit-symbol task. participants press the space bar, which allows access to the stimulus and, simultaneously, prohibits drawing on the tablet. at release of the space bar-- ... | 2006 | 16817514 |
| fluctuation in the physical environment as a mechanism for reinforcing evolutionary transitions. | we hypothesize a mechanism for reinforcing transitions between levels of selection, involving physiological homeostasis and amplification of variation in the physical environment. groups experience a stronger selection pressure than individuals for homeostasis with respect to reproductively limiting variables, because their greater longevity exposes them more often to suboptimal physical conditions, and greater physical size means they encompass a larger fraction of any resource/nutrient gradien ... | 2006 | 16797597 |
| image scoring and cooperation in a cleaner fish mutualism. | humans are highly social animals and often help unrelated individuals that may never reciprocate the altruist's favour. this apparent evolutionary puzzle may be explained by the altruist's gain in social image: image-scoring bystanders, also known as eavesdroppers, notice the altruistic act and therefore are more likely to help the altruist in the future. such complex indirect reciprocity based on altruistic acts may evolve only after simple indirect reciprocity has been established, which requi ... | 2006 | 16791194 |
| expertise and age effects on knowledge activation in chess. | novice, intermediate, and expert chess players of various ages, playing with two chess pieces on a quarter-section of a chessboard, performed a simple task to detect that the king is in check or is threatened with being in check. age slowed response for both tasks. an interaction of task and skill revealed differences in diminishing response time between check and threat tasks as skill increased; experts were equally fast on both tasks. measures of speed and working memory were negatively relate ... | 2006 | 16768584 |
| children's eating attitudes test: revised factor structure for adolescent girls. | the eating attitude test (eat) and its language-simplified version for children (cheat) have been popular instruments for the assessment of eating attitudes among children, adolescents and young adult females. | 2005 | 16755166 |
| adaptive silicon monochromators for high-power wigglers; design, finite-element analysis and laboratory tests. | multipole wigglers in storage rings already produce x-ray power in the range up to a few kilowatts and planned devices at third-generation facilities promise up to 30 kw. although the power density at the monochromator position is an order of magnitude lower than that from undulators, the thermal strain field in the beam footprint can still cause severe loss of performance in x-ray optical systems. for an optimized adaptive design, the results of finite-element analysis are compared with double- ... | 1995 | 16714802 |
| adaptive silicon monochromators for high-power insertion devices. tests at chess, esrf and hasylab. | x-ray wigglers which produce tens of kilowatts of photon power within the white beam will soon become available at third-generation sources of synchrotron radiation. insertion devices that produce several kilowatts already exist and we have used those at chess, esrf and hasylab to test adaptive 111 silicon water-jet-cooled monochromators at up to 2 kw total incident beam power. this development from earlier work at the brookhaven national synchrotron light source (nsls) uses the pressure in the ... | 1995 | 16714779 |
| a system for integrated collection and analysis of crystallographic diffraction data. | a set of linked software modules has been installed at the a1 station of chess, the cornell high energy synchrotron source, which, with the underlying hardware, allows crystallographic users of the facility to evaluate crystals, collect diffraction images and process the images rapidly and with assurance of the quality of the resultant data, thereby making most efficient use of their beam time. the system includes a ccd detector and its controlling software, with a graphical user interface, a co ... | 1997 | 16699219 |
| psychometric properties of the eating attitudes test and children's eating attitudes test in croatia. | the factor structure of the children's version of the eating attitudes test (cheat) and eating attitudes test (eat-26) were examined in croatian girls of different ages. a self-report survey was given to 225 girls (grades 5 to 8), 525 high school girls (grades 9 to 12), and 646 female university students. factor analysis revealed the existence of four factors for cheat, and three interpretable factors for eat-26. internal consistency of both instruments was satisfactory. 10.3% of school girls sc ... | 2005 | 16682865 |
| nitrogen turnover and assimilation during regrowth in trifolium subterraneum l. and bromus mollis l. | subterranean clover (trifolium subterraneum l. cv woogenellup) and soft chess grass (bromus mollis l. cv blando) were grown in monocultures with (15)nh(4)cl added to the soil to study nitrogen movement during regrowth following shoot removal. four clipping treatments were imposed. essentially all available (15)n was assimilated from the soil prior to the first shoot harvest. measurements of total reduced nitrogen and (15)n contained within that nitrogen fraction in roots, crowns, and shoots at e ... | 1983 | 16662851 |
| you couldn't make it up. or could you? | revalidation is the new method by which doctors in the uk will stay on the medical register. most doctors will take the appraisal route to revalidation--that is, they will undergo annual appraisals and five successful appraisals will result in revalidation. so there is a lot riding on appraisal. but it relies almost completely on trust. and in a situation that is based on absolute trust there are endless opportunities for that trust to be broken. doctors will be encouraged to look at how they ar ... | 2006 | 16627330 |
| superior performance and neural efficiency: the impact of intelligence and expertise. | superior cognitive performance can be viewed from an intelligence perspective, emphasising general properties of the human information processing system (such as mental speed and working memory), and from an expertise perspective, highlighting the indispensable role of elaborated domain-specific knowledge and acquired skills. in exploring its neurophysiological basis, recent research has provided considerable evidence of the neural efficiency hypothesis of intelligence, indicating lower and more ... | 2006 | 16624674 |
| student plagiarism and professional practice. | with the ever-increasing availability and accessibility of the internet, students are able to access a multitude of resources in support of their studies. however, this has also led to an increase in their ability to cheat through plagiarising text and claiming it as their own. increased pressures of balancing work and study have contributed to this rise. not only confined to the student population, some academics are also guilty of engaging in this practice providing a less than favourable role ... | 2007 | 16624455 |
| dynamic perception in chess. | the present study examines the dynamic aspects of perceptual processes in expert chess players. this topic is approached in terms of the anticipation processes carried out by experienced players during the encoding of chess positions. the aim of the first experiment, which used a short-term comparison task, was to stress the role of anticipation, which allows expert players to focus their attention on the area of the studied position where they expect the likely standard move to occur. the secon ... | 2006 | 16618642 |
| sbar: a shared mental model for improving communication between clinicians. | the importance of sharing a common mental model in communication prompted efforts to spread the use of the sbar (situation, background, assessment, and recommendation) tool at osf st. joseph medical center, bloomington, illinois. | 2006 | 16617948 |
| modelling of carbohydrate-aromatic interactions: ab initio energetics and force field performance. | aromatic amino acid residues are often present in carbohydrate-binding sites of proteins. these binding sites are characterized by a placement of a carbohydrate moiety in a stacking orientation to an aromatic ring. this arrangement is an example of ch/pi interactions. ab initio interaction energies for 20 carbohydrate-aromatic complexes taken from 6 selected ultra-high resolution x-ray structures of glycosidases and carbohydrate-binding proteins were calculated. all interaction energies of a pyr ... | 2005 | 16607570 |
| continuously moving table 3d mri with lateral frequency-encoding direction. | a method is presented for 3d mri in an extended field of view (fov) based on continuous motion of the patient table and an efficient acquisition scheme. a gradient-echo mr pulse sequence is applied with lateral (left-right (l/r)) frequency-encoding direction and slab selection along the direction of motion. compensation for the table motion is achieved by a combination of slab tracking and data alignment in hybrid space. the method allows fast k-space coverage to be achieved, especially when a s ... | 2006 | 16598723 |
| the psychological concept of "losing move" in a game of perfect information. | from a game-theoretic standpoint, in any two-person game of perfect information, each position is won, lost, or drawn, and a move is to be considered an error only when it transfers the game from a more favorable to a less favorable state. a psychological concept of error is quite different, in that it must take into account the fallibility of the players as information processing systems. this paper introduces a psychological concept of error in such games based on the distinction between "obvi ... | 1974 | 16592158 |
| on the application of dynamic programing to the determination of optimal play in chess and checkers. | 1965 | 16591252 | |
| labile zinc concentration and free copper ion activity in the rhizosphere of forest soils. | water-soluble and acid-extractable cu and zn, water-soluble organic carbon (wsoc), ph, differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry-labile zn (znl), zn2+ activity (windemere humic aqueous model [wham]; http://chess.ensmp.fr/ chemsites.html), and cu2+ activity with an ion-selective electrode were compared between the rhizosphere and the bulk components of nine acidic forest sites from southeastern canada. at all sites, the wsoc contents were higher in the rhizosphere than in the bulk component ... | 2006 | 16566146 |
| capillary zone electrophoretic determination of phenolic compounds in chess (bromus inermis l.) plant extracts. | a simple cze method for quantification of phenolic compounds (vanillin, cinnamic, sinapic, chlorogenic, syringic, ferulic, benzoic, p-coumaric, vanillic, p-hydroxybenzoic, rosmarinic, caffeic, gallic and protocatechuic acids) in less than 10 min using 20 mm sodium tetraborate (ph 9.2) with 5% v/v methanol as a bge and with uv detection at 254 nm is described. the lods (3 s/n) ranged between 0.02 and 0.12 microg/ ml. repeatabilities (rsds) were 0.66-1.8 and 1.56-4.23% for migration times and peak ... | 2006 | 16524108 |
| multilayer x-ray optics at chess. | almost half of the x-ray beamlines at the cornell high energy synchrotron source (chess) are based on multilayer optics. ;traditional' multilayers with an energy resolution of deltae/e approximately 2% are routinely used to deliver x-ray flux enhanced by a factor of 10(2) in comparison with standard si(111) optics. sagittal-focusing multilayers with fixed radius provide an additional factor of 10 gain in flux density. high-resolution multilayer optics with deltae/e approximately 0.2% are now rou ... | 2006 | 16495620 |
| bureaucracy won't change the character of a cheat. | 2006 | 16482126 | |
| doctor-patient relationship as motivation and outcome: examining uses of an interactive cancer communication system. | to examine how the pre-existing doctor-patient relationship predicts conceptually distinct service use within an interactive cancer communication system (iccs) for underserved women with breast cancer and in turn how service utilization influences the doctor-patient relationship. | 2007 | 16460995 |
| 4. the use and misuse of performance-enhancing substances in sport. | doctors need to know if a patient is an athlete subject to drug testing, and to be aware of the legal situation surrounding drugs they prescribe such patients. antidoping laws generally exist in order to provide a safe and fair environment for participation in sport. these laws should prevent and protect athletes from subjecting themselves to health risks through the use of unsafe, but performance-enhancing drugs. because of difficulties in proving intent to cheat, the world anti-doping agency e ... | 2006 | 16460300 |
| iq, visuospatial ability and the gender divide: a reply to bilalić and mcleod. | bilalic and mcleod's arguments fall short on several grounds. there are excellent logical reasons to expect strong ability/chess expertise links and specific research evidence to date is sparse, with mixed findings. data are presented from georgia, which has a high female participation rate in chess, which suggest that differing gender motivation levels and participation rates impact relatively little on chess performance differences at the extreme. | 2006 | 16441965 |
| how intellectual is chess? -- a reply to howard. | howard's (2005) claim that male dominance in chess is 'consistent with the evolutionary psychology view that males predominate at high achievement levels at least partly because of ability differences' (p. 378) is based on the premise that top level chess skill depends on a high level of iq and visuospatial abilities. this premise is not supported by empirical evidence. in 1927 djakow et al. first showed that world-class chess players do not have exceptional intellectual abilities. this finding ... | 2006 | 16441964 |
| non-invasive temperature imaging with thulium 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (tmdotma-). | non-invasive thermometry using hyperfine-shifted mr signals from paramagnetic lanthanide complexes has attracted attention recently because the chemical shifts of these complexes are many times more sensitive to temperature than the water 1h signal. among all the lanthanide complexes examined thus far, thulium tetramethyl-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetate (tmdotma-) appears to be the most suitable for mr thermometry. in this paper, the feasibility of imaging the methyl 1h sign ... | 2006 | 16404728 |
| comprehensive health enhancement support system (chess) for people with hiv infection. | we investigated the utility and the pattern of use of the comprehensive health enhancement support system (chess), an internet based consumer health informatics system for people living with hiv/aids. eight patients utilized chess for 4 months. the total number of log-ins ranged between 1 and 93 (median 21), with a median of 4.6 per month (0.2-21.8). discussions group was the service most frequently accessed; the referral directory and fat assessment services were requested the least. the barrie ... | 2006 | 16400508 |
| use and impact of ehealth system by low-income women with breast cancer. | this article is the second of a two-part series reporting on a population-based study intended to use an ehealth system to examine the feasibility of reaching underserved women with breast cancer (gustafson, mctavish et al., reducing the digital divide for low-income women with breast cancer, 2004; madison center for health systems research and analysis, university of wisconsin; comprehensive health enhancement support system [chess]) and determine how they use the system and what impact it had ... | 2005 | 16377608 |
| family-based behavioural treatment of obesity: acceptability and effectiveness in the uk. | to assess the acceptability and impact of family-based behavioural treatment (fbbt) for childhood obesity in a clinical setting in the uk. | 2006 | 16340947 |
| a chess lesson. | 2005 | 16309111 | |
| hypermutability impedes cooperation in pathogenic bacteria. | when the supply of beneficial mutations limits adaptation, bacterial mutator alleles can reach high frequencies by hitchhiking with advantageous mutations. however, when populations are well adapted to their environments, the increased rate of deleterious mutations makes hypermutability selectively disadvantageous. here, we consider a further cost of hypermutability: its potential to break down cooperation (group-beneficial behavior that is costly to the individual). this probably occurs for thr ... | 2005 | 16271876 |
| structure and stimulus familiarity: a study of memory in chess-players with functional magnetic resonance imaging. | a grandmaster and an international chess master were compared with a group of novices in a memory task with chess and non-chess stimuli, varying the structure and familiarity of the stimuli, while functional magnetic resonance images were acquired. the pattern of brain activity in the masters was different from that of the novices. masters showed no differences in brain activity when different degrees of structure and familiarity where compared; however, novices did show differences in brain act ... | 2005 | 16255391 |
| chess game at the fda. | 2005 | 16254152 | |
| the effect of two models of supervision on selected outcomes. | to evaluate the effect of training in two different supervisory models on the supervision itself, the quality of care, and job satisfaction of nurses in different service settings in a district health service (dhs) in south africa. | 2005 | 16235871 |
| introduction of the new analytical approaches to the doping control on the xiv winter olympic games. | in this paper we present introduction and development of some new analytical methods for identification of anabolic steroids, their metabolites and certain hormones, especially determination of exogenous testosterone by means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. identification of central nervous stimulants and corticosteroides has been performed by high performance liquid chromatography. in desire to achieve better results, to increase strength and endurance, to sharpen reflexes and to reduc ... | 2003 | 16232150 |
| children with early refusal to eat: follow-up in adolescence. | to describe the adolescent outcome of infant refusal to eat (rte) and to investigate early predictors of adolescent outcomes. | 2005 | 16203671 |
| prefrontal white matter in pathological liars. | studies have shown increased bilateral activation in the prefrontal cortex when normal individuals lie, but there have been no structural imaging studies of deceitful individuals. | 2005 | 16199789 |
| back to basics: don't lie, cheat, or steal. | 2004 | 16192213 | |
| how surveillance begets perceptions of dishonesty: the case of the counterfactual sinner. | three studies support the hypothesis that observers' impressions of actors reflect not only what actors do but also what they can easily be imagined doing. participants in studies 1 and 2 observed a 10-year-old boy take a math test in a context in which the incentive to cheat and the constraints against cheating varied. when the incentive to cheat was high but the likelihood of getting caught was also high, observers perceived a target who resisted the temptation to cheat as less honest than the ... | 2005 | 16162048 |
| [factors for voiding dysfunction and cystocele]. | to evaluate the clinical and urodynamic features of a series of women with post void residual urine (disbalanced voiding) and various degrees of associated cystocele. | 2005 | 15989095 |
| correlates of children's eating attitude test scores among primary school children. | a total of 107 malay primary school girls (8-9 yr. old) completed a set of measurements on eating behavior (cheat, food neophobia scales, and dieting experience), the rosenberg self-esteem scale, body shape satisfaction, dietary intake, weight, and height. about 38% of the girls scored 20 and more on the cheat, and 46% of them reported dieting by reducing sugar and sweets (73%), skipping meals (67%), reducing fat foods (60%) and snacks (53%) as the most frequent methods practiced. in general, th ... | 2005 | 15974357 |
| are gender differences in high achievement disappearing? a test in one intellectual domain. | males traditionally predominate at upper achievement levels. one general view holds that this is due only to various social factors such as the 'glass ceiling' and lack of female role models. another view holds that it occurs partly because of innate ability differences, with more males being at upper ability levels. in the last few decades, women have become more achievement focused and competitive and have gained many more opportunities to achieve. the present study examined one intellectual d ... | 2005 | 15906890 |
| [the prokaryotic expression and the establishment of the putative indirect elisa assay for the ha gene for avian influenza virus (aiv) h5n1 subtype]. | using a pair of specific primers designed according to the relevant nucleotide sequence from genbank, the ha1 gene of h5n1 subtype aiv was amplified with pcr method. the pcr product was cloned into pet-32a(+) to get a prokaryotic recombinant plasmid pet-ha1. the target gene was successfully expressed in the host cell bl21 (de3) when induced with iptg. the expression was optimized with proper inducing conditions of 0.8 mmol/l iptg and 3 hours induction. the highest expression of the target protei ... | 2005 | 15847164 |
| crystallographic data collection using a 0.22% bandwidth multilayer. | to bridge the gap between traditional multilayer and crystal optics a high-resolution multilayer monochromator with a bandwidth of 0.22% has been designed and installed on a bending-magnet beamline (f3) at the cornell high energy synchrotron source (chess) to provide an unfocused monochromatic x-ray beam for protein crystallography experiments. crystallographic data of excellent quality from a medium-sized protein, concanavalin a, were collected and processed using standard crystallographic prog ... | 2005 | 15840920 |
| a psychometric analysis of chess expertise. | this study introduces the amsterdam chess test (act). the act measures chess playing proficiency through 5 tasks: a choose-a-move task (comprising two parallel tests), a motivation questionnaire, a predict-a-move task, a verbal knowledge questionnaire, and a recall task. the validity of these tasks was established using external criteria based on the elo chess rating system. results from a representative sample of active chess players showed that the act is a very reliable test for chess experti ... | 2005 | 15822609 |
| strategic intensity: a conversation with world chess champion garry kasparov. | it's hard to find a better exemplar for competition than chess. the image of two brilliant minds locked in a battle of skill and will-in which chance plays little or no apparent role-is compelling. even people who have scant knowledge of the game instinctively recognize that chess is unusual in terms of its intellectual complexity and the strategic demands it places on players. can strategists learn anything from chess players about what it takes to win? to find out, h br senior editor diane l. ... | 2005 | 15807038 |
| knight's move thinking? mild cognitive impairment in a chess player. | we report the case of a chess player with superior premorbid cognitive function who presented to the cognitive disorders clinic at the national hospital for neurology and neurosurgery with a 2-year history of symptoms of possible memory loss. initially the mri scan appearance was within normal limits and his cognitive scores inside the normal range; subsequently his cognitive function deteriorated and he fulfilled criteria for mild cognitive impairment (mci) two years later. unexpectedly he died ... | 2005 | 15804921 |
| factors influencing patient choice for bariatric operation. | no study has surveyed the factors that influence morbidly obese patients' preference for a particular bariatric operation. | 2005 | 15802062 |
| computer-aided organic synthesis. | it is tempting for those in the field of organic synthesis to liken the process of retrosynthesis to a game of chess. that the world chess champion was recently defeated by a computer leads us to think that perhaps new and powerful computing methods could be applied to synthetic problems. here the analogy between synthesis and chess is outlined. achievements in the 35-year history of computer-aided synthetic design are described, followed by some more recent developments. | 2005 | 15726161 |
| chunks in expert memory: evidence for the magical number four ... or is it two? | this study aims to test the divergent predictions of the chunking theory (chase & simon, 1973) and template theory (gobet & simon, 1996a, 2000) with respect to the number of chunks held in visual short-term memory and the size of chunks used by experts. we presented game and random chessboards in both a copy and a recall task. in a within-subject design, the stimuli were displayed using two presentation media: (a) physical board and pieces, as in chase and simon's (1973) study; and (b) a compute ... | 2004 | 15724362 |
| quantum optics: cheat detection. | 2005 | 15703728 | |
| adulteration of foodstuffs: from misleading to poisoning. experiences of a new eu member state (hungary) on the threshold of market economy. | the increasing number of food producers, and the outstanding amount of import foodstuffs enables the producers to mislead and cheat consumers. to differentiate those who take advantage of legal rules from the ones who commit food adulteration is very difficult. the consciousness of consumers would be crucial. however, how can we expect consequent behavior from them regarding controversial issues emerging day by day? in addition, ignorance and unfair market behavior may endanger consumer health a ... | 2005 | 15702595 |
| [effect of sport participation on the dynamics of attention parameters and successfulness of studies in school children of junior age]. | the study of dynamics of attention parameters in junior schoolchildren (aged from 7 to 9) going in for sports has established that this period of ontogenesis is characterized by further progressive development of attention, though uneven in rate. the age-related dynamics of change in attention parameters (its volume, efficiency, distribution and turning rate) in children having additional physical and intellectual load has been discovered to be identical with non-sportive group. the rate of form ... | 2004 | 15693302 |
| enhancing ethical behavior: views of students, administrators, and faculty. | in an article published in the april 2004 issue of the journal of dental education, dr. charles bertolami proposed that our ethics curricula don't work due to the limitations of didactic education. he suggested that ethics should be taught as a "precurriculum" course prior to entering dental school and that the dental school ethics course should be elective and consist of small groups of students who are guided to introspection to understand their true self-interest. he argued that "enlightened" ... | 2005 | 15689604 |
| the clinical health economics system simulation (chess): a teaching tool for systems- and practice-based learning. | academic medical centers face barriers to training physicians in systems- and practice-based learning competencies needed to function in the changing health care environment. to address these problems, at the university of virginia school of medicine the authors developed the clinical health economics system simulation (chess), a computerized team-based quasi-competitive simulator to teach the principles and practical application of health economics. chess simulates treatment costs to patients a ... | 2005 | 15671315 |
| allelic dimorphism in the merozoite surface protein-3alpha in korean isolates of plasmodium vivax. | to study the genetic diversity of re-emerging plasmodium vivax in the republic of korea, nucleotide sequence variations at the merozoite surface protein-3alpha (pvmsp-3alpha) locus were analyzed using 24 re-emerging isolates and 4 isolates from imported cases. compared with the well known belem strain (brazil), a large number of amino acid substitutions, deletions, and insertions were found at the locus of the isolates examined. the korean isolates were divided into two allelic types; type i (15 ... | 2004 | 15642964 |
| chess-playing epilepsy: a case report with video-eeg and back averaging. | a patient suffering from juvenile myoclonic epilepsy experienced myoclonic jerks, fairly regularly, while playing chess. the myoclonus appeared particularly when he had to plan his strategy, to choose between two solutions or while raising the arm to move a chess figure. video-eeg-polygraphy was performed, with back averaging of the myoclonus registered during a chess match and during neuropsychological testing with kohs cubes. the eeg spike wave complexes were localised in the fronto-central re ... | 2004 | 15634627 |
| kaser: knowledge amplification by structured expert randomization. | in this paper and attached video, we present a third-generation expert system named knowledge amplification by structured expert randomization (kaser) for which a patent has been filed by the u.s. navy's spawar systems center, san diego, ca (ssc sd). kaser is a creative expert system. it is capable of deductive, inductive, and mixed derivations. its qualitative creativity is realized by using a tree-search mechanism. the system achieves creative reasoning by using a declarative representation of ... | 2004 | 15619932 |
| neurochemistry of late-life major depression: a pilot two-dimensional mr spectroscopic study. | to evaluate a two-dimensional localized chemical shift correlated spectroscopy (l-cosy) sequence in elderly patients with major depression. | 2004 | 15558563 |
| t2-weighted spine imaging with a fast three-point dixon technique: comparison with chemical shift selective fat suppression. | to develop a phased-array coil-compatible, fast three-point dixon (tpd) technique, and compare its performance in t2-weighted spine imaging with that of the standard chemical shift selective (chess) fat suppression technique. | 2004 | 15558561 |
| child temperament does not predict adolescent body composition in girls. | our previous cross-sectional analysis of mit growth and development (mit) study girls showed that activity temperament, as assessed by a nine-item temperament questionnaire, was related to body composition and nonresting energy expenditure (nree). in girls with lower levels of physical activity, having a high activity temperament was associated with a higher nree. percentage body fat was lower in girls with high vs low activity temperament. based on these results, we hypothesized that, especiall ... | 2005 | 15545977 |
| pleiotropy as a mechanism to stabilize cooperation. | most genes affect many traits. this phenomenon, known as pleiotropy, is a major constraint on evolution because adaptive change in one trait may be prevented because it would compromise other traits affected by the same genes. here we show that pleiotropy can have an unexpected effect and benefit one of the most enigmatic of adaptations--cooperation. a spectacular act of cooperation occurs in the social amoeba dictyostelium discoideum, in which some cells die to form a stalk that holds the other ... | 2004 | 15470429 |
| diffusion weighted whole body imaging with background body signal suppression (dwibs): technical improvement using free breathing, stir and high resolution 3d display. | to examine a new way of body diffusion weighted imaging (dwi) using the short ti inversion recovery-echo planar imaging (stir-epi) sequence and free breathing scanning (diffusion weighted whole body imaging with background body signal suppression; dwibs) to obtain three-dimensional displays. | 2006 | 15468951 |
| in sport, are good genes just another cheat? | 2012 | 15460617 | |
| a chess-playing machine. | 1950 | 15402252 | |
| measuring progress in multirobot research with rating methods--the robocup example. | rating the intelligence of artificially made systems is important for measuring progress in scientific and engineering methods. unfortunately, there is currently no universal agreement about what is considered an intelligent system, and how to measure its intelligence. this research focus on measuring the progress in the robotic technologies deployed for the robocup competitions, since one of the original premises of those competitions was to advance the development of intelligent robotic system ... | 2004 | 15376876 |
| evolution of spite through indirect reciprocity. | how can cooperation persist in the face of a temptation to 'cheat'? several recent papers have suggested that the answer may lie in indirect reciprocity. altruistic individuals may benefit by eliciting altruism from observers, rather than (as in direct reciprocity) from the recipient of the aid they provide. here, we point out that indirect reciprocity need not always favour cooperation; by contrast, it may support spiteful behaviour, which is costly for the both actor and recipient. existing th ... | 2004 | 15347514 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of tobacco ringspot virus. | tobacco ringspot virus, a plant virus that is believed to fill an apparent niche in the evolution of picornavirus-like capsids, has been crystallized by vapor diffusion with potassium phosphate and polyethylene glycol buffered at ph 6.5 in a new crystal form. the monoclinic crystals belong to the space group c2 with unit-cell dimensions of a = 407.1, b = 399.7, c = 285.9 a and beta = 129.1 degrees and diffract synchrotron radiation to 3.3 a. one half of a virus particle constitutes the crystallo ... | 1997 | 15299983 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of twinned crystals of a chimeric fk506 binding protein 12 and 13 complexed with fk506. | an fkbpi2/13 chimera with the 80s loop of fkbpi3 replacing the corresponding loop in fkbpi2 tightly binds the immunosuppressive agents fk506 and rapamycin and efficiently catalyzes peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerization. however, the chimera's complex with fk506 does not inhibit calcineurin's phosphatase activity [yang, rosen & schreiber (1993). j. am. chem. soc. 115(2), 819-820]. the chimeric protein crystallizes in space group p1 and the crystals are always twinned. the twin composites are re ... | 1996 | 15299748 |
| towards the measurement of ideal data for macromolecular crystallography using synchrotron sources. | synchrotron radiation has been used extensively to overcome a variety of technical challenges involved in data collection from macromolecular crystals. the next generation of such sources offer a higher brilliance at much shorter wavelengths than hitherto available. hence, the quality of x-ray diffraction data from crystals of biological macromolecules will be further improved in terms of reduced systematic and random errors, in conjunction with a very high degree of completeness of, and multipl ... | 1993 | 15299553 |
| [visual potentials in humans with multiple sclerosis evoked by checkboard pattern of different contrast with additional noise]. | a hypothesis is advanced of an effect of internal noise upon signal conduction along visual nerve in an early stage of multiple sclerosis. visual evoked potentials in response to chess patterns against a homogeneous background and against a noise background were studied in healthy subjects and in patients with multiple sclerosis. contrast between internal noise in the patients was found to be twice as great as in healthy subjects. | 2004 | 15296067 |
| cheating is not always punished: killer female plants and pollination by deceit in the dwarf palm chamaerops humilis. | because the interests of mutualists are not perfectly aligned, conflicts between partners often arise, rendering mutualism unstable by allowing the evolution of cheating. the dwarf palm chamaerops humilis is engaged in a nursery pollination mutualism with a specific weevil derelomus chamaeropsis. in exchange for pollen dispersal, dwarf palms provide pollinators with food, shelter and egg-laying sites, but pollinators can develop only within male inflorescences. here we show that weevils lay eggs ... | 2004 | 15271086 |
| chess and gardening: the rx for alzheimer's? | 2004 | 15270327 | |
| a new macromolecular oscillation camera at chess. | increasing x-ray flux and decreasing crystal size are two factors placing new demands on macromolecular diffraction cameras at synchrotrons. a new oscillation camera with high mechanical precision and fast rotation speed is described. | 1998 | 15263695 |
| protein crystallography using a multilayer monochromator. | a multilayer monochromator was installed on a bending-magnet beamline at the cornell high energy synchrotron source (chess) and was used to provide an unfocused pseudo-monochromatic x-ray beam for protein crystallography experiments. datasets were collected from lysozyme at room temperature and human methylthioadenosine phosphorylase at 100 k. the wide energy bandpass of the multilayer allowed short exposure times, typically only a few times longer than on a focused multipole wiggler beamline. t ... | 1998 | 15263556 |
| common sense, intuition, and theory in personality and social psychology. | theoretical work in personality and social psychology benefits from a well-developed understanding of the prior empirical and theoretical work on a problem and from informed intuitions. intuitions develop about a subject matter through years of study, investigation, and problem solving, just as chess masters develop a sophisticated set of cognitive structures that change the very appearance of the chess board. in part because the subject matter is so personal, students new to personality and soc ... | 2004 | 15223510 |
| the effects of speed on skilled chess performance. | two types of mechanisms may underlie chess skill: fast mechanisms, such as recognition, and slow mechanisms, such as search through the space of possible moves and responses. speed distinguishes these mechanisms, so i examined archival data on blitz chess (5 min for the whole game), in which the opportunities for search are greatly reduced. if variation in fast processes accounts for substantial variation in chess skill, performance in blitz chess should correlate highly with a player's overall ... | 2004 | 15200627 |
| cheat sensitive quantum bit commitment. | we define cheat sensitive cryptographic protocols between mistrustful parties as protocols which guarantee that, if either cheats, the other has some nonzero probability of detecting the cheating. we describe an unconditionally secure cheat sensitive nonrelativistic bit commitment protocol which uses quantum information to implement a task which is classically impossible; we also describe a simple relativistic protocol. | 2004 | 15169319 |
| does academic dishonesty relate to unethical behavior in professional practice? an exploratory study. | previous research indicates that students in engineering self-report cheating in college at higher rates than those in most other disciplines. prior work also suggests that participation in one deviant behavior is a reasonable predictor of future deviant behavior. this combination of factors leads to a situation where engineering students who frequently participate in academic dishonesty are more likely to make unethical decisions in professional practice. to investigate this scenario, we propos ... | 2004 | 15152857 |
| bromus species in winter wheat-population dynamics and competitiveness. | the infestation of bromus species in small grains, especially in winter cereals has increased over recent years. in some areas winter wheat growers consider bromus spp. as their worst grass weed. besides yield reduction, bromus spp. cause lodging and complication of harvest. in germany the two most dominant species are bromus sterilis (l.) and bromus secalinus (l.). in order to develop control strategies the population dynamics of the weeds were investigated. based on the results a deterministic ... | 2003 | 15149129 |
| [more and more researchers are tempted to cheat. tougher competition concerning resource allocation and career possibilities]. | 2003 | 15148717 | |
| dieting among preadolescent and young adolescent females. | we examined the prevalence of dieting and negative eating attitudes among 2279 females (aged 10-14 years) in southern ontario. self-report questionnaires revealed that 29.3% of the girls were currently trying to lose weight and 10.5% had scores greater than the clinical threshold for disordered eating (children's version of the eating attitudes test [cheat] score > or = 20). those with elevated cheat scores were more likely than those with lower scores to be engaged in dieting and other extreme ... | 2004 | 15136549 |
| the prisoner's dilemma and polymorphism in yeast suc genes. | the suc multigene family of the single-celled yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae is polymorphic, with genes varying both in number and activity. all of the genes encode invertase, an enzyme that is secreted to digest sucrose outside of the cell. this communal endeavour creates the potential for individual cells to defect (cheat) by stealing the sugar digested by their neighbours without contributing the enzyme themselves. we measured the fitness of a defector, with a deleted suc2 gene, relative to a ... | 2004 | 15101409 |
| judgment and decision-making: experts' and novices' evaluation of chess positions. | the present study examined how experts differ from nonexperts in estimation and evaluation during a judgment-and-decision task. in the experiment, the performance of 125 chess players (21 women and 104 men) whose mean age was 32.5 yr. (sd = 13.3) was examined to assess decision processes with an emphasis on postdecision differentiation and consolidation. chess players of differing skill made evaluations of a complex middle-game chess position. the experimental condition was made by the means of ... | 2004 | 15058886 |
| novelty seekers and impulsive subjects are low in morningness. | the bipolar dimension of morningness-eveningness refers to the preferred times of day for achieving various activities (i.e. the phase of the circadian clock). it is validated from a biological point of view, associated with at least one gene and heritable through an epistatic mechanism. it has been used as a proxy to study the relationships between the circadian system, personality and psychopathology: there is a correlation between the evening orientation and depression, extraversion and, prob ... | 2004 | 15051106 |
| expert and exceptional performance: evidence of maximal adaptation to task constraints. | expert and exceptional performance are shown to be mediated by cognitive and perceptual-motor skills and by domain-specific physiological and anatomical adaptations. the highest levels of human performance in different domains can only be attained after around ten years of extended, daily amounts of deliberate practice activities. laboratory analyses of expert performance in many domains such as chess, medicine, auditing, computer programming, bridge, physics, sports, typing, juggling, dance, an ... | 1996 | 15012483 |
| evaluation of carbohydrate molecular mechanical force fields by quantum mechanical calculations. | a quantitative evaluation of 20 second-generation carbohydrate force fields was carried out using ab initio and density functional methods. geometry-optimized structures (b3lyp/6-31g(d)) and relative energies using augmented correlation consistent basis sets were calculated in gas phase for monosaccharide carbohydrate benchmark systems. selected results are: (i). the interaction energy of the alpha-d-glucopyranose.h(2)o heterodimer is estimated to be 4.9 kcal/mol, using a composite method includ ... | 2004 | 15010301 |
| [childhood malaria in endemic areas: epidemiology, acquired immunity and control strategies]. | malaria is a major cause of childhood mortality and morbidity in endemic areas. the incidence and severity of malaria depends on various entomological, parasitological, environmental, and human factors. clinical presentation and epidemiologic features vary according to genetic factors, personal behavior, and immune status. populations exposed to frequent infection may develop partial labile protective malarial immunity at the price of high morbidity and mortality due to ineffectiveness of antima ... | 2003 | 14763300 |
| sports drug testing--an analyst's perspective. | sport plays a major role in the lives of many people, both for active participation and as entertainment. sport is now a huge nationally and internationally based industry. the desire to win has led some athletes to resort to the use of performance enhancing drugs. with huge financial rewards now available in some sports the pressure to excel has grown. some have argued that drug use should be given free rein, however most people are of the view that it is athletic prowess that should be applaud ... | 2004 | 14737504 |
| the nerve growth factor and the neuroscience chess board. | 2004 | 14699984 | |
| selective missing pulse steady state free precession (mp-ssfp): inner volume and chemical shift selective imaging in a steady state sequence. | to examine new sequences that restrict acquisition of spins to those excited by both of the rf pulses in missing pulse steady state free precession (mp-ssfp) mri. | 2004 | 14696229 |
| can mental and physical activities such as chess and gardening help in the prevention and treatment of alzheimer's? healthy aging through stimulation of the mind. | 2003 | 14694752 | |
| [skeletons in the cupboard--treatment of arne torkildsen]. | arne torkildsen (1899-1968) developed torkildsen's operation, the first successful shunt operation treating increased intraventricular pressure in the brain. he defended his doctoral thesis "ventriculo-cisternostomy" in the university of copenhagen in 1950, a thesis that had been rejected by the university of oslo in his home country norway. he was not found qualified for the post of associate professor in neurosurgery in spite of being recommended by two international adjudicating committees on ... | 2003 | 14691511 |
| the hospital manager and game theory: chess master, poker player, or cooperative game player? | hospital management can be seen as a game, and doctors, nurses, and health maintenance organizations are its players. the astute hospital manager realizes the interdependence of individual career strategies and the hospital's success, just as players in a game are interdependent on each other. managers familiar with game theory may successfully transfer that knowledge to the hospital realm. they may recognize patterns and calculate outcomes like chess players, bluff other hospitals into folding ... | 2005 | 14672441 |
| evaluation of two-dimensional l-cosy and jpress using a 3 t mri scanner: from phantoms to human brain in vivo. | localized versions of two-dimensional (2d) magnetic resonance spectroscopic (mrs) sequences, namely jpress and l-cosy, have been implemented on a whole-body 3t mri/mrs scanner. volume selection was achieved using three slice-selective radio-frequency (rf) pulses: 90 degrees-180 degrees-180 degrees in jpress and 90 degrees-180 degrees-90 degrees in l-cosy with a chess sequence prior to voxel localization for global water suppression. the last 180 degrees rf pulse was used for resolving the j-coup ... | 2003 | 14648883 |
| target centred medicine: why it is essential to cheat. | 2003 | 14630779 | |
| the role of constraints in expert memory. | a great deal of research has been devoted to developing process models of expert memory. however, k. j. vicente and j. h. wang (1998) proposed (a) that process theories do not provide an adequate account of expert recall in domains in which memory recall is a contrived task and (b) that a product theory, the constraint attunement hypothesis (cah), has received a significant amount of empirical support. we compared 1 process theory (the template theory; tt; f. gobet & h. a. simon, 1996c) with the ... | 2003 | 14622048 |