Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| serum and mucosal antibody responses against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae following intraperitoneal vaccination and challenge of pigs with m hyopneumoniae. | pigs were immunised intraperitoneally when six weeks old and again at about 10 weeks old with killed mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antigen prepared in an oil adjuvant. the pigs were challenged with live m hyopneumoniae (beaufort strain) at between 11 and 15 weeks old. antigen specific antibody levels for both igg and iga classes in serum and respiratory tract secretion were monitored over time. in serum anti-m hyopneumoniae antibody was detected shortly after the second intraperitoneal vaccination an ... | 1993 | 8284503 |
| adaptation of the sensititre broth microdilution technique to antimicrobial susceptibility testing of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | a broth microdilution technique is described for determining the antimicrobial susceptibility of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, using commercially prepared sensititre plates. twenty-five field isolates and two reference strains (j & 232), were tested against seven antimicrobials. field isolates were tested in duplicate and reference strains, four times to estimate reproducibility. ninety-seven percent of the duplicate mic results for the field isolates were in agreement, or within one log2 dilution. ... | 1993 | 8273275 |
| development of polymerase chain reaction primers to detect mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (mhp) is the etiologic agent of mycoplasma pneumonia in swine. the purpose of this study was to develop a species-specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based diagnostic reagent for the identification of mhp. based upon dna sequence analysis of a cloned fragment of mhp dna, pcr primers were constructed and tested against different strains of mhp, mycoplasma flocculare, other mycoplasma species, and non-mollicute micro-organisms which commonly inhabit the respiratory tr ... | 1993 | 8264672 |
| adherence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae to porcine ciliated respiratory tract cells. | adherence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae to the mucosa of the distal portion of the respiratory tract of swine is an important initial event in development of mycoplasmal pneumonia. a suitable in vitro model of adherence would be useful for investigation of mycoplasmal and host cell factors involved in this process. we have developed an adherence assay, using suspensions of porcine respiratory tract ciliated epithelial cells and m hyopneumoniae. tracheal epithelial cells, collected by use of cytolo ... | 1993 | 8214893 |
| microtiter plate adherence assay and receptor analogs for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | a microtiter plate adherence assay for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae was established by use of purified swine tracheal cilia which contained receptors for the mycoplasmas. m. hyopneumoniae bound specifically to plates coated with solubilized cilia. the binding was dependent on both the concentration of cilia and the number of mycoplasmas. dextran sulfate, heparin, chondroitin sulfate, laminin, mucin, and fucoidan significantly inhibited the binding of the mycoplasmas. the six inhibitors also disrupte ... | 1994 | 8168922 |
| enhancement of the increase in intracellular calcium concentration in stimulated neutrophils by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | neutrophils isolated from the peripheral blood of pigs free of infection with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae were loaded with a fluorescent indicator (fura-2) for detection of cytosolic free calcium concentration. the kinetics of the intracellular calcium flux were examined after incubation with or without a pathogenic or a non-pathogenic strain of m. hyopneumoniae. the basal intracellular calcium concentration was not altered by incubation with m. hyopneumoniae. however, the relative increase in cyto ... | 1993 | 8146950 |
| detection of enzootic pneumonia in pig herds using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in sow colostrum. | a total of 6256 colostrum samples from 185 finnish pig health scheme herds were screened for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antibodies, using a commercial elisa kit, between november 1989 and april 1991. most (162) of the herds were negative. in six herds, in which positive colostrum samples were found, the presence of enzootic pneumonia was confirmed by clinical and pathological findings. one herd had several seropositive sows but no clinical disease and in 16 herds occasional positive colostrum samp ... | 1994 | 8146441 |
| differentiation of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, m flocculare, and m hyorhinis on the basis of amplification of a 16s rrna gene sequence. | to differentiate mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the cause of mycoplasmal pneumonia in pigs, from m flocculare and m hyorhinis, an assay, using the polymerase chain reaction to amplify a segment of the 16s rrna gene sequence, was developed. the assay was found to be useful for identification of field isolates, as well as for identification of laboratory-adapted strains. amplification of dna from m hyopneumoniae and m flocculare resulted in products of 200 and 400 base pairs, respectively. the dna from ... | 1994 | 8141501 |
| interaction of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and pasteurella multocida infections in swine. | to investigate the interaction between mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and pasteurella multocida infection, 32 pigs were randomly assigned by litter, sex, and weight to 4 treatment groups. group-1 pigs were inoculated with m hyopneumoniae and allowed to recover from m hyopneumoniae infection. group-2 pigs were vaccinated against m hyopneumoniae and then inoculated with m hyopneumoniae. group-3 pigs were inoculated with m hyopneumoniae and developed clinical signs of mycoplasmosis. group-4 pigs had neve ... | 1994 | 8125807 |
| the nature and detection of mycoplasmal immunogens. | mycoplasmal infections are important causes of disease in cattle, swine, sheep, goats and poultry. vaccination has been shown experimentally to induce protection against challenge with several mycoplasmas, and vaccines have been used to control naturally occurring mycoplasmal disease in swine, sheep, goats and poultry. immune responses to mycoplasmal immunogens have been determined using elisa and immunoblotting as well as other serologic techniques. however, the importance of specific immunogen ... | 1993 | 8116192 |
| [tracheobronchial lavage technique using the transnasal route for the detection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in living non-anesthetized swine]. | tracheobronchial lavage has proven useful to research. the technique has been performed in anaesthetized swine using a catheter introduced by oral or intratracheal routes. the risk of mortality during anaesthesia is not negligible. in our trial, tracheobronchial lavages were realized after introducing a catheter into the lung via the nasal route. the analysis of the tracheobronchial fluid samples using a nonradioactive dna-specific probe showed the presence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, one of th ... | 1993 | 8111435 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae isolated from swine. | the antibiotic susceptibility of thirty-nine strains of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae isolated from swine between 1970-1981 and 1989-1990 was investigated. from the present results, it is suggested that the susceptibility to chlortetracycline has been decreasing in japan. on the other hand, all the strains were sensitive to lincomycin, thiamphenicol and macrolides. newly developed macrolides such as tilmicosin, acetyl-isovaleryl-tylosin and mirosamycin had equal or higher activity than general macrol ... | 1994 | 8075234 |
| a blocking elisa using a monoclonal antibody for the serological detection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | a blocking elisa was developed by using a monoclonal antibody (4082-05-344-18) which specifically detected an epitope on the mycoplasma hyopneumoniae 40 kda membrane protein without cross-reacting with m flocculare or m hyorhinis. the results obtained with sera from specific pathogen-free pigs inoculated with m flocculare or m hyorhinis confirmed the specificity of the assay. an immunoblotting procedure was used to characterise the antibody response of pigs experimentally infected with m hyopneu ... | 1994 | 8073186 |
| an improved enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of porcine serum antibodies against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | an elisa for the detection of serum antibodies to mycoplasma hypopneumoniae in pigs and based on a 43 kda purified protein derived from the cytoplasmic membrane of m. hyopneumoniae strain j is described. this elisa (mhpp elisa) was compared with another recently described (auspharm elisa, sheldrake and romalis 1992) that is based on column-purified sonicated proteins of strain j. using sample to negative elisa ratios of 3 and 4 as cutoffs for inconclusive and positive reactors respectively (comp ... | 1994 | 8042274 |
| rapid purification of antiserum against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae by an efficient absorption method. | a simple and efficient method for the removal of unwanted cross-reactive antibodies has been developed. the antiserum purification method was based on treatment of the antiserum with both sonicated extracts and boiling extracts of the escherichia coli host cells used in immunoscreening the lambda embl3 library. we have demonstrated unambiguously that through this simple treatment, the rabbit anti-mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antiserum can be effectively purified so that the amount of antibodies cros ... | 1994 | 8040565 |
| ciliostasis and loss of cilia induced by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in porcine tracheal organ cultures. | in vivo- and in vitro-grown mycoplasma hyopneumoniae organisms were inoculated onto newborn piglet tracheal organ cultures to provide a model for interaction of this organism with ciliated respiratory epithelium. ciliostasis and loss of cilia in tracheal rings were induced by m. hyopneumoniae grown in vivo and with low-passage cultures when grown in vitro. levels of calmodulin or dehydrogenase enzymes in tracheal ring epithelium were not altered even though ciliostasis and loss of cilia induced ... | 1994 | 7960110 |
| clinical pharmacokinetic characterization of norfloxacin nicotinate in swine following systemic administration. | norfloxacin nicotinate (nfn) is a new water-soluble fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent. the in vitro activity of nfn for microorganisms isolated from swine and the pharmacokinetic properties of nfn following single intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.) and subcutaneous (s.c.) administration were investigated. the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic's) of nfn for a wide range of reference (atcc-american type culture collection) microbial swine isolates, comprising 21 bacterial and 5 mycopl ... | 1994 | 7941848 |
| glycolipid receptors for attachment of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae to porcine respiratory ciliated cells. | glycolipid receptors for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae attachment were analyzed by using a thin-layer chromatography (tlc) overlay assay. m. hyopneumoniae bound specifically to sulfatide, globoside, and monosialoganglioside gm3. no binding to sphingomyelin, cerebroside, lactosyl ceramide, ceramide trihexoside, monosialogangliosides gm1 and gm2, disialogangliosides (gd1a, gd1b, and gd3), trisialoganglioside (gt1b), cholesterol, cholesterol sulfate, palmitic acid, tripalmitin, or cholesteryl palmitate ... | 1994 | 7927697 |
| mycoplasma hyopneumoniae: interaction with other agents in pigs, and evaluation of immunogens. | mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine causes considerable economic losses in porciculture. diverse agents, such as environmental stress and infectious microorganisms, increase the possibility of infection, and the damage to pulmonary tissue when the infection is established. it is known that mycoplasma hyopneumoniae has an important role in this disease, in addition to secondary microbial agents, such as pasteurella multocida and actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. however, the characteristics of this dis ... | 1994 | 7919820 |
| molecular cloning of a 46-kilodalton surface antigen (p46) gene from mycoplasma hyopneumoniae: direct evidence of cgg codon usage for arginine. | the dna sequence of the gene encoding the early and specific 46-kda surface antigen (p46) of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae has been determined. the p46 gene, encoding a putative lipoprotein, contained three tga codons and a single cgg codon in a 1,257-bp open reading frame. edman degradation of peptide fragments showed that at least one tga codon encodes tryptophan and that the cgg codon, which has been reported to be nonsense or unassigned in other mycoplasmas, is used for arginine in m. hyopneumoni ... | 1995 | 7896725 |
| identification and characterization of a mycoplasma hyopneumoniae adhesin. | an adhesin of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae was identified and characterized in this study. a monoclonal antibody (mab), f2g5, and its f(ab')2 fragments inhibited the adherence of m. hyopneumoniae to porcine tracheal cilia, the natural targets to which the mycoplasma binds during infection. mab f2g5 detected multiple bands, but predominantly recognized a 97-kda (p97) protein of m. hyopneumoniae on immunoblots. affinity chromatography, conducted with immobilized mab f2g5, mainly purified p97. the puri ... | 1995 | 7868222 |
| effect of terdecamycin on experimentally induced mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-infection in pigs. | the effect of terdecamycin, a new antibiotic, was evaluated on experimentally induced mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in pigs. tylosin and josamycin were used as the positive control drugs. five to 7-week-old pigs were inoculated intranasally with homogenate of pig lung lesions containing m. hyopneumoniae. in experiments 1 and 2, drugs were given in feed for 42 days, from 7 days before inoculation to 35 days after inoculation, and necropsy was carried out 35 days after inoculation. in experim ... | 1994 | 7839749 |
| influence of experimentally induced endogenous production of cortisol on the immune capacity in swine. | field studies have suggested that 'stressors', such as transportation and mixing, might interfere with the immune competence of pigs. therefore, an experimental model was established to study the influence of elevated concentrations of circulating cortisol on the immune capacity in swine. three experimental groups, with six pigs in each, were immunized twice, 4 weeks apart, with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae antigen. endogenous production of cortisol was induced by intramuscular injection of adrenoco ... | 1994 | 7810062 |
| [vaccines against respiratory diseases of swine: example mycoplasma hyopneumoniae]. | 1995 | 7795681 | |
| recombinant 46-kilodalton surface antigen (p46) of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae expressed in escherichia coli can be used for early specific diagnosis of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the 46-kda surface antigen (p46) is the early and species-specific immunogenic protein of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. three tga codons encoding tryptophan in the p46 gene were replaced with tgg by an in vitro mutagenesis technique. the mutated p46 gene was expressed in escherichia coli by using the chelating peptide tag system. the purified recombinant p46 was successfully used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibodies against m. hyopneumoniae in swine serum. it did not c ... | 1995 | 7751376 |
| detection of interleukin-6 and prostaglandin e2 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of pigs experimentally infected with mycoplasma hyponeumoniae. | in this study, interleukin-6 (il-6) and prostaglandin e2 (pge2) were detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (balf) from pigs experimentally infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. il-6 was detected at 2 weeks post-inoculation (pi), and significantly increased levels of pge2 were observed at 4 weeks pi. in the balf collected from infected pigs at 4 weeks pi, the levels of il-6 increased significantly in the pigs with pneumonic lesions. however, increased levels of pge2 were observed in all ... | 1994 | 7725632 |
| immune response against the l-lactate dehydrogenase of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in enzootic pneumonia of swine. | the l-lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, formerly named protein p36, belongs to the predominant immunogenic proteins in pigs which were naturally or experimentally infected with m. hyopneumoniae. the antigenic reaction against m. hyopneumoniae ldh has been shown to be species specific. recombinant m. hyopneumoniae ldh, which was genetically engineered to contain six histidine residues at its c-terminal end, was expressed in e. coli and purified to a high degree using ni-che ... | 1994 | 7723658 |
| porcine lung lesions at slaughter and their correlation to the incidence of infections by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae during the rearing period. | porcine lungs were macroscopically and microscopically examined at slaughter, with special regard to different stages of lesions similar to those caused by mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. there was good conformity between the macroscopical and microscopical findings. in an extended abattoir survey, lesions were found in 4210 out of 4508 lungs examined. the majority of lungs with pleuritic lesions (274 out of 369) revealed by the extended examination were registered by the official procedure. no correl ... | 1994 | 7701856 |
| dna sequence determination and biochemical analysis of the immunogenic protein p36, the lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | the dna sequence of the gene encoding the early and specific immunogenic protein p36 of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae has been determined. comparison of the dna sequence and the deduced amino acid sequence of p36 with known genes and proteins in data banks indicated that p36 is a l-lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) (ec 1.1.1.27). biochemical analysis of protein p36 expressed from the cloned gene in escherichia coli confirmed that p36 has l-lactate dehydrogenase activity. protein p36 of m. hyopneumoniae the ... | 1993 | 7679720 |
| use of an enhanced escherichia coli opal suppressor strain to screen a mycoplasma hyopneumoniae library. | many mycoplasma genes contain internal uga (opal) codons because of their use as tryptophan coding codons. this results in a lack of expression of many cloned mycoplasma antigenic epitopes in escherichia coli. it has been shown that opal suppressors can be used to enhance expression of defined mycoplasma gene sequences, but no studies have been published using e. coli suppressor strains to screen mycoplasma gene libraries for immunoreactive epitopes. the e. coli suppressor strain ism612 was used ... | 1995 | 7557314 |
| a novel repetitive sequence from mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | we have isolated a novel repetitive dna element from mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain vpp11, the entire structure of which is distinct from those of prokaryotic transposons, insertion sequences or eukaryotic retroposons reported. southern blot hybridization experiments indicate that at least eight copies of this element locate on the m. hyopneumoniae genome. the size of this repetitive sequence is 4,193 bp which includes 270- and 272-bp direct long terminal repeats at each terminus. the internal ... | 1995 | 7548420 |
| detection of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in nose swabs from pigs by in vitro amplification of the 16s rrna gene. | we report the use of pcr to detect dna from mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, the etiological agent of enzootic porcine pneumonia. a primer set was designed for the amplification of a 649-bp fragment of the 16s rrna gene from m hyopneumoniae. the pcr product was identified by ethidium bromide staining after gel electrophoresis and by southern hybridization with an m. hyopneumoniae-specific oligonucleotide probe. no amplification was observed from any other porcine bacteria tested, including several clos ... | 1995 | 7540629 |
| cloning and characterization of the rnase p rna genes from two porcine mycoplasmas. | we report the cloning of the rnase p rna genes from the primary aetiological agent of porcine pneumonia, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, and the closely related commensal, mycoplasma flocculare. the monocistronic genes each have promoters with at-rich -35 regions and rho-independent-like transcription terminators which are retained in the rnase p rna. both of these rnase p rna variants are shown to be catalytically active in vitro in spite of a low overall gc content (30%). our results suggest a new e ... | 1994 | 7517485 |
| cloning the ribosomal rna operons of mycoplasma flocculare and comparison with those of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | in contrast to other mycoplasma species the 16s/23s rrna and 5s rrna operons of mycoplasma flocculare and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae map at least 150 kb apart (20% of the genome). both operons from m. flocculare have been cloned and sequenced. the 23s rrna gene sequence showed 96.7% homology with the corresponding gene of m. hyopneumoniae, equalling that found earlier for 16s rrna and confirming the close phylogenetic relationships of these organisms. a possible upstream promoter was identified. s ... | 1994 | 7516796 |
| characterization of is1221 from mycoplasma hyorhinis: expression of its putative transposase in escherichia coli incorporates a ribosomal frameshift mechanism. | seven complete and two partial copies of is1221 variants from mycoplasma hyorhinis and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae characterized to date have established a consensus is1221 as a 1513 bp element with unique structural characteristics resembling the is3 family of bacterial insertion sequences. each is1221 copy contains highly conserved 28 bp imperfect terminal inverted repeats and three distinctive internal inverted repeats (lir, rir and iir). iir is located within the coding region of the element an ... | 1995 | 7476162 |
| medicated early weaning to obtain pigs free from pathogens endemic in the herd of origin. | a field trial was conducted to assess the value of medicated early weaning for obtaining pigs free from some of the pathogens endemic in their herd of origin. the trial comprised 51 sows from a closed herd, which were farrowed in an isolated farrowing house in seven separate groups. the sows in each group were bred at the same time and induced to farrow on the same day. their thriftiest piglets were weaned at five days of age and moved to an isolated early-weaning unit. at about six weeks of age ... | 1980 | 7445326 |
| duration of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in gnotobiotic pigs. | sixteen gnotobiotic pigs raised in flexible plastic isolators (four pigs per isolator) were inoculated with a culture of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. one pig was killed and underwent necropsy at weekly intervals for the following 16 weeks. macroscopic lesions were observed in the lungs of 13 of 16 pigs and microscopic lesions were found in 14 of 16 pigs. mycoplasma hyopneumoniae was cultured from the trachea or lungs from 10 of the 16 pigs. scanning electron microscope studies showed areas of damag ... | 1980 | 7438008 |
| a complement-fixation test for enzootic pneumonia of pigs using a complement dilution method. | complement-fixing antibody to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in the serums of pigs experimentally infected with enzootic pneumonia was demonstrated by comparing the haemolytic titre of guinea-pig complement titrated in the presence of heated test serum, m. hyopneumoniae antigen and unheated normal pig serum with the titre obtained when the antigen was omitted. the haemolytic titres against sensitised sheep erythrocytes were determined after a fixation period of 16 to 18 hours at 5 degrees c. when seru ... | 1980 | 7436902 |
| effects of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and m. hyorhinis on ependymal cells of the porcine lateral ventricles as observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. | porcine lateral ventricular ependymal cells were used to study the effects of infection with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and m. hyorhinis on the central nervous system (cns) of pigs. after cerebral or cerebrospinal inoculation, cellular sequential changes were observed by scanning (sem) and transmission (tem) electron microscopy. strains of m. hyopneumoniae and m. hyorhinis were recovered from infected tissues at 1 and 3 weeks postinoculation. the mycoplasmas caused lesions of ependymal cells. dege ... | 1981 | 7347417 |
| the pathological and serological response induced in pigs by parenteral inoculation of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | 1981 | 7343577 | |
| [pleuropneumonia in swine due to haemophilus pleuropneumonia s. parahaemolyticus. ii. studies on the epidemiology and the relation to chronic pleuritis (pleural scars) in baconers (author's transl)]. | within a danish practice area a serological examination was made of 268 breeding animals in 25 conventional sow herds with a view to screening for herd infection with haemophilus pleuropneumoniae. average size of the herds was 76 year-sows including pregnant gilts (8--200). in 23 herds produced weaners were fed for slaughtering. the frequency of chronic pleuritis in slaughtered baconers in these herds was related to the frequency of seropositive sows in the herds. three spf-herds were included i ... | 1981 | 7322864 |
| comparison of a microtitration complement-fixation test and a tube latex agglutination test for diagnosis of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae swine pneumonia. | comparison of a tube latex agglutination (la) test and a microtitration complement-fixation (cf) test for the diagnosis of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae swine pneumonia was done. in a group of 107 pigs from iowa, texas, and california (survey a), correlation of data on microscopic pulmonary changes with the la and cf titers indicated the la test might be a better indicator of microscopic lesions than the cf test. in another field study involving lungs from 50 pigs from various herds (survey b), both ... | 1981 | 7258806 |
| cell-mediated and humoral immune response in swine after vaccination and natural infection with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | litters of pigs were vaccinated with inactivated mycoplasma hyopneumoniae organisms in freund's complete adjuvant. the cell-mediated and humoral immune response following vaccination was investigated, and the protective effect of the induced immunity was assayed. the cell-mediated immune response to whole m hyopneumoniae organisms was determined as incorporation of tritiated thymidine, using a microculture system. after vaccination, detectable sensitization of peripheral blood lymphocytes was in ... | 1981 | 7258797 |
| an abattoir survey of the incidence of pneumonia in saskatchewan swine and an investigation of the microbiology of affected lungs. | the lungs of 15 409 pigs, mostly from saskatchewan, slaughtered at an abattoir were examined over a one year period. the incidence of lesions was 36.7% for "enzootic" pneumonia and 2.1% for pleurisy unassociated with pneumonia. seasonal variations were recorded and compared with the results of similar surveys carried out in australia, belgium and england. mycoplasmological examination of lungs from 347 animals was consistently negative for mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. pasteurella multocida was the ... | 1981 | 7248880 |
| production of arthritis by intravenous inoculation of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae: tests on five strains. | cultures of five strains of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (syn, m suipneumoniae) were each inoculated intravenously into four pigs aged eight to nine weeks. one strain produced no response. for two strains two of the four pigs showed complement fixing antibody and mycoplasmaemia and one of these pigs in each group developed arthritis in one limb joint. the response to the other two strains was more severe: all four pigs in each group had a serological response, were mycoplasmaemic and several limb jo ... | 1981 | 7244376 |
| a method for assessing induced resistance to enzootic pneumonia of pigs. | the resistance induced in pigs by the intravenous, intraperitoneal and subcutaneous inoculation of live mycoplasma hyopneumoniae was tested by placing inoculated pigs in contact with pigs artificially infected with enzootic pneumonia. control pigs inoculated by the same routes with sterile culture medium were exposed simultaneously to the infected pigs and the incidence and extent of the pneumonia in both groups were compared. a score derived from the cube root of the calculated or estimated vol ... | 1982 | 7146627 |
| tylosin tartrate and tiamutilin effects on experimental piglet pneumonia induced with pneumonic pig lung homogenate containing mycoplasmas, bacteria and viruses. | the effects of tylosin tartrate and tiamutilin were examined in pneumonias induced experimentally in neonatal piglets with a homogenate of pneumonic pig lung, obtained from pigs with naturally acquired enzootic pneumonia. the homogenate contained mycoplasmas, including mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (m suipneumoniae) and m hyorhinis, and certain bacteria and viruses. the experimental pneumonias generally resembled mycoplasmal pneumonia histologically but were complicated by aspiration pneumonia in som ... | 1982 | 7134653 |
| interaction of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae with the porcine respiratory epithelium as observed by electron microscopy. | an in vivo-passaged strain of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae attained viability titers of 10(6) to 10(8) color-changing units per mg of tissue in pig lungs and caused gross and histological pulmonic lesions. mycoplasmas were readily located in the lumina of the respiratory tract by electron microscopy. in sections of tissue fixed in glutaraldehyde-osmium, the organisms were found to possess many radial fibrils on the outer surface of the limiting membrane. these fibrils appeared to interconnect adjace ... | 1982 | 7129633 |
| cytopathic effect of whole cells and purified membranes of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | marked cytopathic effect was produced in both porcine lung fibroblasts and mrc-5 human lung fibroblasts with doses of 7.5 x 10(6) and 1.5 x 10(7) cfu of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae j per ml, respectively. m. hyopneumoniae vpp11, at a concentration as low as 1.25 x 10(7) cfu/ml, was capable of causing cytopathic effect in mrc-5 monolayers also. the infected monolayers developed patches of detached or lysed cells within 48 h. at a protein concentration of 2 micrograms/ml, m. hyopneumoniae membranes, ... | 1983 | 6862623 |
| reproducible pneumonia in gnotobiotic piglets induced with broth cultures of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and the effect of animal passage on virulence. | the virulence of a laboratory adapted culture of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strain nb12 was determined in three- to five-day-old gnotobiotic piglets. intranasal inoculation or exposure to an aerosol of the culture caused low incidences of pneumonia in the piglets. passage of m hyopneumoniae strain nb12 in gnotobiotic piglets resulted in a rapid increase in virulence. after only three in vivo passages, severe pneumonia involving most lobes of the lung developed in all inoculated piglets within thre ... | 1984 | 6718814 |
| effect of age on susceptibility of pigs to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae pneumonia. | the effect of age on susceptibility of pigs to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae was compared in 2 experiments. in experiment a, pigs 3, 6, and 12 weeks of age were contact-exposed to pigs with established m hyopneumoniae infection for 27 days and then evaluated for pneumonia at necropsy done at 42 days after exposure began. in experiment b, pigs 3 and 11 to 12 weeks of age were contact-exposed for 20 days and then placed in separate, isolated hog houses until necropsy was done at 49 days after exposure ... | 1984 | 6711977 |
| pulmonary and hematologic changes in swine with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae pneumonia. | studies were made of the physiologic changes in the lung of young growing pigs intratracheally inoculated at 5.5 to 6 weeks of age with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. hematologic changes also were studied. studies were performed at the 4th, 5th, and 6th weeks after inoculations were done. the inoculated pigs had a marked decrease in body weight gain. there were no significant changes in the heart rate, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature, even though at necropsy the apical, cardiac, and diaphrag ... | 1984 | 6711976 |
| tiamulin feed medication for the maintenance of weight gains in the presence of mycoplasmal pneumonia in swine. | tiamulin, a semisynthetic antibiotic, was fed to growing pigs and its value in maintaining weight gain and feed efficiency in the face of mycoplasmal pneumonia was determined. four treatments divided among 64 growing pigs from a conventional pig farm were used to test the effects of tiamulin administered in feed at levels of 10, 20 and 30 ppm. all pigs were artificially infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. medication was started on the 14th day after infection (d 0) and continued for 28 d (d ... | 1983 | 6674286 |
| prevalence of antibodies to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in iowa swine. | the prevalence of complement-fixing antibodies to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae was determined in 7,321 sera collected from breeding swine of various ages. samples were selected randomly in approximate proportion to the number of hogs marketed annually from each of 9 crop-reporting areas in iowa. testing was accomplished by means of a microtiter complement-fixation test. of the 7,321 sera, 22% had antibody titers of 1:4 or greater to m hyopneumoniae. of the 597 herds sampled, 60% or 357 had at least ... | 1983 | 6638651 |
| effect of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection on the development of haemophilus pleuropneumoniae pneumonia in pigs. | 1984 | 6513243 | |
| assessment of a complement fixation test to detect mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in pigs. | serums from pigs slaughtered at abattoirs were tested for evidence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection using a complement fixation (cf) test which avoids the procomplementary effect of pig serum. to establish a diagnosis of enzootic pneumonia, the lungs from all sampled pigs were examined for pathological and histological changes consistent with the disease and cultures were made for mycoplasmas and bacteria. the study was carried out at parkville and bendigo 160 km apart at different times an ... | 1984 | 6497806 |
| characteristics of protective activity of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine. | protective activity of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines prepared from whole cells or crude extracts was evaluated in an experimentally induced mycoplasmal pneumonia swine model. swine were obtained at 7 to 10 weeks of age from a surgically derived herd free of porcine mycoplasmas. vaccines prepared from whole cells, freeze-thaw-saline solution extract, supernate of culture, or saline wash of cells were treated with 0.15% formalin, incorporated with freund incomplete adjuvant, and administered i ... | 1984 | 6497088 |
| apparent reinfection of enzootic-pneumonia-free pig herds: early signs and incubation period. | since 1959, the pig health control association (phca) has run a national health-control scheme for pig herds believed to be free from enzootic pneumonia. during this time, many herds developed this disease without a simple explanation. from 1968, 55 such unexplained breakdowns have been studied in detail. the first signs in 50 breakdowns were either coughing in growing pigs (52 per cent of outbreaks), illness in adult stock (34 per cent of outbreaks) or pneumonia in routinely slaughtered pigs (1 ... | 1984 | 6495592 |
| detection of antibodies against membrane-glycoproteins of swine erythrocytes after experimental infection with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | during enzootic pneumonia of pig, antibodies against membrane glycoproteins of erythrocytes were detected with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). these antibodies arise simultaneously with the specific antibodies. they are not identical to cold agglutinins. | 1984 | 6485250 |
| evaluation of criteria for the postmortem diagnosis of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine. | ten swine from each of five herds believed to be affected with mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine and ten swine from each of five herds believed to be mycoplasmal pneumonia-free were selected for postmortem study. lungs from the 100 swine were examined; grossly and microscopically for lesions typical of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine and culturally and by an indirect immunofluorescent procedure for the presence of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. nineteen of the lungs had both gross and microscopic lesions ... | 1984 | 6434167 |
| evaluation of the indirect hemagglutination assay as a practical serodiagnostic test for mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine. | sera from swine experimentally or naturally infected with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (the etiological agent of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine, mps) were tested by the indirect hemagglutination assay (iha), the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and the complement fixation (cf) test. the iha detected antibody at comparable times and levels to the other 2 serological tests following experimentally-induced infection. in the late antibody response (greater than or equal to 86 days post-infectio ... | 1984 | 6433540 |
| comparison of complement fixation test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of early infection with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | the relative merits of the complement-fixation test (cf) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of the early antibody response to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae were evaluated. discriminant analysis, a statistical procedure, was used to avoid difficulties associated with variation in background color and nonspecific reactions obtained with elisa with different sera. specific-pathogen-free pigs were exposed by contact to other specific-pathogen-free pigs which had been inoculat ... | 1984 | 6377989 |
| serological cross-reactivity of porcine reference antisera to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, m. flocculare, m. hyorhinis and m. hyosynoviae indicated by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, complement fixation and indirect hemagglutination tests. | the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) indicated significant cross-reactivity between the antigens of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae ( hyop ) and m. flocculare (floc), another porcine mycoplasma of wide distribution but uncertain pathogenic significance, when porcine antisera of each specificity were tested against hyop antigen. the titers of the anti-floc sera ranged from threefold to 13-fold less than the titer of the anti- hyop reference serum at different times after immunization. these val ... | 1984 | 6372971 |
| comparison of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the indirect hemagglutination and complement fixation tests for detecting antibodies to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | caesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived swine were exposed to a broth culture of a low passage field isolate of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae by intranasal inoculation. the intranasal-inoculated swine subsequently were commingled with their litter-mates to effect transmission via contact-exposure. sera were collected from the swine at two to four week intervals for approximately one year postexposure and evaluated by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), indirect hemagglutination and complemen ... | 1983 | 6365294 |
| comparison of manually performed microtiter plate and semiautomated (cuvette) indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the serodiagnosis of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine. | standardized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the serodiagnosis of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine were developed, using the traditional microtiter plate method and a method based on semiautomated processor-analyzer instrumentation. the results of the 2 procedures were not significantly different when the titers of positive and negative anti-mycoplasma hyopneumoniae standard reference sera were determined in triplicate in 3 separate experiments. although both methods yielded reproducible re ... | 1983 | 6354018 |
| mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in pigs immunosuppressed by thymectomy and treatment with antithymocyte serum. | the effect of immunosuppression on mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection was evaluated by comparing data from infected, thymectomized, and antithymocyte serum-treated pigs (group 1) with data from infected (group 2) and noninfected (group 3) healthy pigs. after groups 1 and 2 pigs were inoculated intranasally with m hyopneumoniae, mycoplasmas tended to multiply slightly more in the lungs and bronchial lymph nodes of group 1 pigs than that of group 2 pigs. organisms were also isolated from the splee ... | 1984 | 6333838 |
| improvement of complement fixation test antigen for the diagnosis of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection. | several attempts were made to develop a complement fixation test antigen which is useful and practicable for the diagnosis of mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine. for the preparation of antigen, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae was grown in broth medium containing horse serum for 14 days by shaking culture. anticomplementary activity of antigen was eliminated by addition of complement and heating at 56 degrees c for 30 minutes. storage of this antigen at 4 degrees c or at room temperature for 12 months had n ... | 1983 | 6240607 |
| comparison of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae strains by serologic methods. | six field strains of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae isolated from pneumonic lungs of pigs, reference strains 11 and j of m hyopneumoniae, ms 42 strain of mycoplasma flocculare, and bts 7 strain of mycoplasma hyorhinis were compared serologically, using hyperimmune antisera produced in rabbits. all strains of m hyopneumoniae were closely related as determined with the disk growth-inhibition test; however, differences in zone sizes indicated that some antigenic heterogeneity existed. cross-reactions wer ... | 1983 | 6196995 |
| delayed hypersensitivity to nonviable mycoplasma pulmonis in mice is enhanced by dextran sulfate. | the enhancing effect of dextran sulfate (ds) on delayed hypersensitivity to nonviable mycoplasma pulmonis in mice was evaluated by means of delayed footpad swelling. mice pretreated subcutaneously with nonviable m. pulmonis and ds had significantly increased delayed footpad swelling when the mice were injected subcutaneously in the footpad with the same antigen 7 days later. delayed footpad swelling was not detected in mice pretreated only with nonviable m. pulmonis or ds followed by footpad inj ... | 1983 | 6187687 |
| tween 20 soluble proteins of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae as antigen for an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. | the preparation of an antigen of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae containing selected proteins after treatment with the neutral detergent tween 20 and purification on sephadex g25 is described. the antigenic activity and the specificity were determined by means of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and compared with that of a whole-cell, sds-solubilised antigen. the tween 20 purified antigen showed a comparable activity but a higher specificity. | 1980 | 6166972 |
| production of pneumonia in gnotobiotic pigs with pure cultures of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | 1969 | 5813138 | |
| demonstration of complement-fixation antibody against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in the sera of pigs infected with swine enzootic pneumonia. | 1968 | 5753358 | |
| direct isolation of mycoplasma suipneumoniae on solid medium from pneumotic lesions in pigs. | 1970 | 5531194 | |
| tube agglutination test of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in swine. | 1970 | 5462579 | |
| further observations on the problem of isolating mycoplasma suipneumoniae from field cases of enzootic pneumonia in pigs. | in previous work in this laboratory, mycoplasma suipneumoniae was recovered in liquid medium from 13% of individual cases and 18% of outbreaks of enzootic pneumonia in pigs. in the work now described, however, these recovery rates, when judged by the same criteria, were 45 and 75%, respectively. as there was evidence to suggest that this second series of pneumonic cases was less suitable for cultural examination than the first series, some of the other factors that might have improved the recove ... | 1970 | 5270206 |
| attempts to recover mycoplasma suipneumoniae from experimental and natural cases of enzootic pneumonia in pigs. | 1968 | 5250180 | |
| sensitivity of mycoplasma suipneumoniae to penicillin-g. | 1971 | 5206577 | |
| selective isolation of mycoplasma suipneumoniae from pneumonic lesions in pigs. | 1971 | 5167328 | |
| a selective medium for mycoplasma suipneumoniae. | 1971 | 5156237 | |
| use of the complement fixation test in the demonstration of antibodies against mycoplasma suipneumoniae. | 1971 | 5150127 | |
| isolation of mycoplasma suipneumoniae from the nasal cavities and lungs of pigs affected with enzootic pneumonia or exposed to this infecion. | 1972 | 5043128 | |
| the survival of mycoplasma suipneumoniae in liquid medium, on solid medium and in pneumonic tissue. | 1972 | 5036322 | |
| serological studies in pigs with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | 1970 | 4988847 | |
| the passive haemagglutination test for th detection of mycoplasma suipneumoniae and the possible diagnosis of enzootic pneumonia of pigs. | fourteen cases of enzootic pneumonia, nearly all of which had presented diagnostic difficulties using the metabolic-inhibition test, were re-examined using specific pig antisera in the passive haemagglutination test (pha). all proved positive for mycoplasma suipneumoniae, indicating that the test, used in this manner, might be particularly valuable for routine diagnosis.the pha test was also used to demonstrate antibody to m. suipneumoniae in pneumonic tissue and the associated bronchial lymph n ... | 1970 | 4988048 |
| mycoplasma suipneumoniae isolated in denmark. | 1969 | 4901485 | |
| production of enzootic pneumonia in pigs with mycoplasma suipneumoniae grown in embryonated hens' eggs. | 1968 | 4886625 | |
| an indirect haemagglutination test for detection of antibodies against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae using formalinized tanned swine erythrocytes. | 1974 | 4850551 | |
| experimental infection of pigs with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (suipneumoniae). | 1974 | 4820079 | |
| enzootic pneumonia of pigs: immunization attempts inoculating mycoplasma suipneumoniae antigen by various routes and with different adjuvants. | 1973 | 4770241 | |
| preliminary studies on the cell-mediated immune response in pigs to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | 1973 | 4770238 | |
| an indirect haemagglutination test for detection of antibodies against mycoplasma hyopneumoniae using formalinized tanned swine erythrocytes. | 1973 | 4728117 | |
| experimental infections of gnotobiotic piglets with pasteurella septica (sero-group a) alone or with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | 1973 | 4727890 | |
| effect of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infections, pyrantel treatment and protein nutrition on performance of pigs exposed to soil containing ascaris suum ova. | 1973 | 4703718 | |
| response of swine to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection. | 1973 | 4689629 | |
| evaluation of some serological techniques for the identification of mycoplasma hyorhinis and mycoplasma suipneumoniae. | 1974 | 4604451 | |
| tube agglutination tests with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and m. hyorhinis. | 1974 | 4475607 | |
| pneumonia in gnotobiotic pigs produced by simultaneous inoculation of a swine adenovirus and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. | 1969 | 4304460 | |
| swine enzootic pneumonia: age susceptibility and treatment schemata. | pigs were found to be susceptible to mycoplasma hyopneumoniae-induced swine enzootic pneumonia (sep) when four hours old. chlortetracycline was incapable of preventing transmission of sep from infected pigs on the drug to susceptible, untreated pigs. when continuous medication was started at one or two weeks postinoculation, chlortetracycline partially or completely inhibited formation of sep lesions but did not clear m. hyopneumoniae from inoculated pigs. chlortetracycline administered orally w ... | 1971 | 4251420 |
| the action of certain antibiotics and ether on swine enzootic pneumonia. | the susceptibility of mycoplasma hyopneumoniae to the action of three antibiotics and diethyl ether was determined. infected swine were used in an in vivo sensitivity detection system. the parameter of susceptibility was lesion prophylaxis. in vivo, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae appeared to be resistant to diethyl ether, tylosin tartrate, and erythromycin, but was susceptible to the action of chlortetracycline. chlortetracycline was effective in preventing the development of lesions when given at lev ... | 1971 | 4251409 |
| enzootic pneumonia in pigs: identification of a causative mycoplasma in infected pigs and in cultures by immunofluorescent staining. | immunofluorescent staining has been used to identify mycoplasma hyopneumoniae in smears of broth cultures, in infected pig testicle cell cultures, and in frozen cut sections of pneumonic lungs from field and experimentally produced cases of enzootic pneumonia. in the pneumonic pig lung, fluorescent staining was limited to the surface of the bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium and to the contained exudate. in a series of trials using experimentally infected pigs fluorescence was not detected unt ... | 1970 | 4246002 |