Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| study on biosorption kinetics and thermodynamics of uranium by citrobacter freudii. | biosorption has been developed as an effective and economic method to treat wastewater containing low concentrations of metal pollutants. in this study, a bacterium, citrobacter freudii, was used as a biosorbent to adsorb uranium ions. the thermodynamics and kinetics of this adsorption, as well as its mechanism, were investigated. the results indicated that the biosorption rate could be better described by a pseudo 2nd-order model than a pseudo 1st-order model. the adsorption of u (vi) proceeded ... | 2008 | 17765369 |
| antimicrobial resistance among gram-negative bacilli causing infections in intensive care unit patients in the united states between 1993 and 2004. | during the 12-year period from 1993 to 2004, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of 74,394 gram-negative bacillus isolates recovered from intensive care unit (icu) patients in united states hospitals were determined by participating hospitals and collected in a central location. mics for 12 different agents were determined using a standardized broth microdilution method. the 11 organisms most frequently isolated were pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.2%), escherichia coli (18.8%), klebsiella pneumoni ... | 2007 | 17715376 |
| a rapid, small-scale procedure for the structural characterization of lipid a applied to citrobacter and bordetella strains: discovery of a new structural element. | endotoxins [lipopolysaccharides (lpss)] are part of the outer cell membrane of gram-negative bacteria. their biological activities are associated mainly with the lipid component (lipid a) and even more specifically with discrete aspects of their fine structure. the need for a rapid and small-scale analysis of lipid a motivated us to develop a procedure that combines direct isolation of lipids a from bacterial cells with sequential release of their ester-linked fatty acids by a mild alkali treatm ... | 2007 | 17703058 |
| distribution of tetracycline and streptomycin resistance genes and class 1 integrons in enterobacteriaceae isolated from dairy and nondairy farm soils. | the prevalence of selected tetracycline and streptomycin resistance genes and class 1 integrons in enterobacteriaceae (n = 80) isolated from dairy farm soil and nondairy soils was evaluated. among 56 bacteria isolated from dairy farm soils, 36 (64.3%) were resistant to tetracycline, and 17 (30.4%) were resistant to streptomycin. lower frequencies of tetracycline (9 of 24 or 37.5%) and streptomycin (1 of 24 or 4.2%) resistance were observed in bacteria isolated from nondairy soils. bacteria (n = ... | 2008 | 17701242 |
| [isolation, identification and characterization of a broad-spectrum azo-reducing citrobacter strain azor-2]. | a broad-spectrum azo-reducing bacterial strain, azor-2, was isolated from a active-sludge of textile-printing wastewater treatment plant and the strain was identified and characterized. this strain was identified as citrobacter sp. according to its morphological, physiobiochemical characteristics and analysis of its 16s rdna and beta-lactamase gene sequence. studies showed that strain azor-2 was able to reduce various azo dyes with several organic substances and h2 as electron donor and the elec ... | 2007 | 17674757 |
| a comparison of ten usepa approved total coliform/e. coli tests. | since 2002, the united states environmental protection agency (usepa) has approved ten enzyme-based total coliform and e. coli detection tests for examination of drinking water. these tests include: colilert, colilert-18, colisure, m-coli blue 24, readycult coliforms 100, chromocult, coliscan, e * colite, colitag and mi agar. the utility of the enzyme based test systems is based on both the ability of the test to detect the target organisms at low levels and the ability of the test system to sup ... | 2007 | 17674575 |
| biochemical analysis of tem-134, a new tem-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamase variant produced in a citrobacter koseri clinical isolate from an italian hospital. | kinetic characterization of tem-134, a new tem-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamase variant isolated from citrobacter koseri during an italian nationwide survey. tem-134 is a natural derivative of tem-2 with the following substitutions: e104k, r164h and g238s. | 2007 | 17673478 |
| prevalence and diversity of qnr alleles in ampc-producing enterobacter cloacae, enterobacter aerogenes, citrobacter freundii and serratia marcescens: a multicentre study from korea. | to investigate the prevalence of qnr determinants, their influence on quinolone susceptibility and their association with other plasmid-mediated genes in ampc-producing enterobacteriaceae without any selection criteria. | 2007 | 17660263 |
| a novel phytase appa from citrobacter amalonaticus cgmcc 1696: gene cloning and overexpression in pichia pastoris. | a novel phytase gene appa, with upstream and downstream sequences from citrobacter amalonaticus cgmcc 1696, was cloned by degenerate polymerase chain reaction (pcr), and thermal asymmetric interlaced (tail) pcr and was overexpressed in pichia pastoris. sequence analysis revealed one open reading frame that consisted of 1311 bp encoding a 436-amino-acid protein, which had a deduced molecular mass of 46.3 kda. the phytase appa belongs to the histidine acid phosphatase family and exhibits the highe ... | 2007 | 17657539 |
| isolation and characterization of cultivable fermentative bacteria from the intestine of two edible snails, helixpomatia and cornu aspersum (gastropoda: pulmonata). | the intestinal microbiota of the edible snails cornu aspersum fsyn: h. aspersa), and helix pomatia were investigated by culture-based methods, 16s rrna sequence analyses and phenotypic characterisations. the study was carried out on aestivating snails and two populations of h. pomatia were considered. the cultivable bacteria dominated in the distal part of the intestine, with up to 5.10(9) cfu g -1, but the swedish h. pomatia appeared significantly less colonised, suggesting a higher sensitivity ... | 2007 | 17657348 |
| enterobacter cloacae: a predominant pathogen in neonatal septicaemia. | a total of 120 blood samples from neonates presenting with clinical signs of septicaemia were subjected for culture using brain heart infusion agar biphasic medium (bhi bpm) and glucose broth. bacterial agents were isolated from 48 numbers (40%) of cultures. gram-negative bacilli were isolated in maximum percentage (88.45%) of cases whereas gram-positive bacteria (coagulase negative staphylococci and group b streptococci) in 11.6% of cultures. e. cloacae (39.5%) was maximally isolated among the ... | 2002 | 17657046 |
| bacteriological examination of milk and milk products sold in harare. | a study to assess the bacteriological quality of milk and ice cream was conducted using the direct plate count method and the methylene blue dye reduction test. a total of 105 milk and 95 ice cream samples were obtained form two factories (depots) and distributing supermarkets (outlets) in harare. under the methylene blue test, all milk and ice cream samples passed the hour and 2 hour tests respectively. however, 99% of the milk and 69% of the ice cream samples reduced the dye after 5.5 and 4 hr ... | 2000 | 17650038 |
| pridominant isolates of urinary tract pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptiblity patterns in gondar university teaching hospital, nothwest ethiopia. | urinary tract infection (uti) is one of the most common bacterial infections encountered by clinicians in developing countries. although uti seldom leads to complications, it can cause significant morbidity and mortality. | 2007 | 17642159 |
| use of biophotonic imaging as a training aid for administration of substances in laboratory rodents. | dosing of experimental animals and the removal of blood are two of the most frequent procedures performed in biomedical research using live animals. despite the apparently simple nature of these procedures, they can, if not correctly carried out, have significant effects on the welfare of the animals and the scientific value of the results. there are several methods by which research staff may obtain training in the administration of substances. these include practical demonstrations during teac ... | 2007 | 17640459 |
| a multiplex polymerase chain reaction method for rapid identification of citrobacter freundii and salmonella species, including salmonella typhi. | salmonella enterica is one of the most common enteric pathogens worldwide. conventional methods of isolation of salmonella strains take 4-7 days to complete, are laborious and require substantial manpower. we devised a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method that simultaneously uses three pairs of specific primers to detect inv, spv, and via genes of salmonella. | 2007 | 17639162 |
| partial characterisation of the acrab locus in two citrobacter freundii clinical isolates. | we studied the mechanisms of resistance to fluoroquinolones in two citrobacter freundii strains (1.44 and 1.38) isolated from the same patient and belonging to the same clone by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. this study allowed partial characterisation of the acra and acrb genes of this microorganism. as previously reported, the two strains showed the same substitutions in the gyra and parc proteins (thr-83-->ile and asp-87-->tyr in gyra and ser-83-->ile in parc). however, differences were ob ... | 2007 | 17631985 |
| [comparison of susceptibilities for fosfomycin determined by various methods in clinical isolates in 2003 -2004]. | antimicrobial susceptibilities for fosfomycin (fom), cephalexin, cefpodoxime, cefdinir, cefditren, ampicillin, sulbactam/ampicillin, imipenem (ipm), panipenem, meropenem (mepm), biapenem, levofloxacin (lvfx), gatifloxacin, pazufloxacin, prulifloxacin and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim were determined by an agar dilution method using mueller-hinton agar (mha) in escherichia coli, klebsiella spp., serratia marcescens, citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp. and proteus mirabilis, which were isolated fr ... | 2007 | 17612258 |
| antimicrobial activity against gram negative bacilli from yaounde central hospital, cameroon. | antimicrobial resistance among bacteria pathogens is a world-wide issue. the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of common pathogenic bacteria are essential to guide empirical and pathogen-specific therapy; unfortunately, these data are scarse in cameroon. | 2006 | 17604512 |
| good pregnancy outcome with emergent cerclage placed in the presence of intra-amniotic microbial invasion. | cervical insufficiency with dilation can be associated with amniotic fluid microbial invasion. cerclage placement in the presence of infection is contraindicated because it is associated with poor fetal and maternal outcome. a 30-year-old gravida 4 para 0 with cervical insufficiency had emergent cervical suture placement at 19 weeks. the patient underwent amniocentesis to screen for infection. after the screen for infection using amniotic fluid glucose and white blood cells had indicated negativ ... | 2007 | 17597442 |
| marine algae: screening for a potent antibacterial agent. | this study was done to investigate the antimicrobial potentiality of the marine algae collected from different coastal regions of gujarat and screened for the same. twenty-six marine algae belonging to rhodophyceae, chlorophyceae and phaeophyceae were screened for their potential antibacterial activity against five clinically important bacterial strains, namely bacillus cereus, micrococcus flavus, citrobacter freundii, klebsiella pneumoniae and pseudomonas testosterone. acetone and methanol were ... | 2007 | 17594989 |
| prevalence, microbiology, and clinical characteristics of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacter spp., serratia marcescens, citrobacter freundii, and morganella morganii in korea. | we examined the prevalence and characteristics of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing clinical isolates among enterobacter spp., serratia marcescens, citrobacter freundii, and morganella morganii, and evaluated screening criteria, clinical characteristics and outcomes of infections caused by esbl-producing organisms. between january and june 2005, a total of 493 nonduplicate consecutive isolates were collected at asan medical center, a 2,300-bed tertiary hospital in seoul, republic ... | 2007 | 17587073 |
| bacterial pathogens recovered from vegetables irrigated by wastewater in morocco. | the authors obtained 50 vegetable samples from various regions in morocco and examined them to determine the microbiological quality of these products. aerobic count, coliform, enterococci, and staphylococcus aureus were evaluated. this analysis revealed high levels of enterococci, fecal coliforms, and total coliforms. no coagulase-positive staphylococcus aureus was detected in any of the samples analyzed. biochemical identification of enterobacteriaceae showed the presence of citrobacter freund ... | 2007 | 17583296 |
| tlr signaling mediated by myd88 is required for a protective innate immune response by neutrophils to citrobacter rodentium. | enteropathogenic escherichia coli, enterohemorrhagic e. coli, and citrobacter rodentium are classified as attaching and effacing pathogens based on their ability to adhere to intestinal epithelium via actin-filled membranous protrusions (pedestals). infection of mice with c. rodentium causes breach of the colonic epithelial barrier, a vigorous th1 inflammatory response, and colitis. ultimately, an adaptive immune response leads to clearance of the bacteria. whereas much is known about the adapti ... | 2007 | 17579078 |
| cefotaxime-resistant citrobacter freundii in isolates from blood in a tertiary teaching hospital in northern taiwan. | from january 2002 to december 2003, 12 patients in a tertiary teaching hospital in northern taiwan had bloodstream infections caused by citrobacter freundii. seven of the 12 isolates were resistant to cefotaxime. using polymerase chain reaction and dna sequencing, 3 of the 7 cefotaxime-resistant c. freundii isolates were found to carry extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl). ampc beta-lactamase genes were also detected in all strains of c. freundii. all strains of c. freundii with mics >or=4 mg ... | 2007 | 17572502 |
| in vivo selection for the directed evolution of l-rhamnulose aldolase from l-rhamnulose-1-phosphate aldolase (rhad). | dihydroxyacetone phosphate (dhap)-dependent aldolases have been widely used for organic synthesis. the major drawback of dhap-dependent aldolases is their strict donor substrate specificity toward dhap, which is expensive and unstable. here we report the development of an in vivo selection system for the directed evolution of the dhap-dependent aldolase, l-rhamnulose-1-phosphate aldolase (rhad), to alter its donor substrate specificity from dhap to dihydroxyacetone (dha). we also report prelimin ... | 2007 | 17572092 |
| multiplex pcr for detection of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance qnr genes in esbl-producing enterobacterial isolates. | to develop a rapid and reliable single-tube-based pcr technique for detecting simultaneously the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance qnra, qnrb and qnrs genes. | 2007 | 17561500 |
| nosocomial meningitis caused by enterobacteriaceae: risk factors and outcome in 18 cases in 1992-2007. | nosocomial neuroinfections due to enterobacteriaceae represented 9.5% in our cohort of 171 cases of paediatric meningitis within last 15 years. commonest etiologic agents was e. coli - 9 (50%) followed by klebsiella pneumoniae - 3 (16,7%) and enterobacter cloacae. citrobacter freundii, proteus mirabilis and salmonella enteritidis (1 each). commonest risk factors were neonatal age 13 - (72.2%), very low birth weight 5 (27.8%), craniocerebral trauma - 4 (22.2%) and neurosurgery - 5 (27.8%). all bu ... | 2007 | 17558373 |
| quorum sensing has an unexpected role in virulence in the model pathogen citrobacter rodentium. | the bacterial mouse pathogen citrobacter rodentium causes attaching and effacing (ae) lesions in the same manner as pathogenic escherichia coli, and is an important model for this mode of pathogenesis. quorum sensing (qs) involves chemical signalling by bacteria to regulate gene expression in response to cell density. e. coli has never been reported to have n-acylhomoserine lactone (ahl) qs, but it does utilize luxs-dependent signalling. we found production of ahl qs signalling molecules by an a ... | 2007 | 17557113 |
| culture-positive sepsis in neonatal camelids: 21 cases. | there is limited literature on neonatal bacterial sepsis in new world (nw) camelids. | 2007 | 17552461 |
| in vitro activity of ceftaroline (ppi-0903m, t-91825) against bacteria with defined resistance mechanisms and phenotypes. | ceftaroline (ppi-0903m, t-91825) is a novel cephalosporin, administered as an n-phosphono prodrug. we investigated its in vitro activity and resistance selection potential. | 2007 | 17548456 |
| neutralizing and cross-reactive antibodies against enterobacterial lipopolysaccharide. | lipopolysaccharide (lps, endotoxin) elicits an immune reaction which is responsible for many of the harmful effects seen in septic shock patients. the eradication of bacteria by antibiotics is insufficient to resolve the pathology due to the lack of lps neutralization. lps-neutralizing antibodies have been described; however, these were specific for the serotype of the infecting bacteria and thus not useful for the treatment of septic shock patients. structural analyses revealed that the lps str ... | 2007 | 17544324 |
| efficacy of ertapenem in the treatment of early ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing organisms in an intensive care unit. | ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) is a frequent complication of patients admitted to intensive care units (icus). ertapenem is a newer carbapenem with good in vitro activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing organisms. however, there are no clinical data to support the use of ertapenem in vap. our purpose is to evaluate the usefulness and safety of ertapenem in the treatment of vap caused by susceptible esbl strains. | 2007 | 17540673 |
| [genetic markers of pathogenicity of conditionally pathogenic enterobacteria isolated from children with diarrheal diseases]. | in the process of examination of 89 children from different age groups with diarrheal disease caused by bacteria from enterobacteriaceae family 89 microorganisms were isolated including klebsiella spp. (37 isolates), citrobacter spp. (9 isolates), enterobacter spp. (17 isolates), hafnia alvei (1 isolate), morganella morganii (11 isolates), proteus spp. (14 isolates). presence of genes associated with pathogenicity islands (pais): hlya, hlyb (hemolysin), sfag (fimbria antigen type s), cnf1 (cytot ... | 2007 | 17523471 |
| [pathogenicity factors of opportunistic enterobacteria and its role in development of diarrhea]. | the data of pathogenicity factors of opportunistic enterobacteria, including klebsiella, enterobacter, citrobacter, proteus, providencia and hafnia species are submitted. the genetic control and a role of pathogenicity factors of opportunistic enterobacteria in development of diarrhea syndrome are presented. data about adhesins, hemolysins, cytotoxic necrotizing factors and bacterial modulins are described. the characteristic of cytotonic and cytotoxic enterotoxins, including lt, st, shiga-like ... | 2007 | 17523440 |
| comparison of alad activities of citrobacter and pseudomonas strains and their usage as biomarker for pb contamination. | delta-aminolevulinate dehydratase (alad) activity has been used in prokaryotes and eukaryotes as a biomarker for environmental lead (pb) exposure and toxicity. microorganisms are sensitive indicators of toxicity at the fundamental level of ecological organization, but bacterial biomarker studies are focused on the pseudomonas strains in group i and e coli. the objectives of the present work were to determine if burkholderia gladioli belonging to group ii, due to its 16srrna similarity, can be us ... | 2008 | 17516138 |
| clinical and molecular epidemiology of multidrug-resistant citrobacter spp. infections in a french university hospital. | 2007 | 17516102 | |
| combined challenge of mice with citrobacter rodentium and ionizing radiation promotes bacterial translocation. | both enteric infection and exposure to ionizing radiation are associated with increased intestinal permeability. however, the combined effect of irradiation and enteric infection has not been described. we combined infection of mice with the enteric pathogen, citrobacter rodentium, with exposure to ionizing radiation and assessed the impact on colonic epithelial ion transport, permeability and bacterial translocation. | 2007 | 17487677 |
| citrobacter rodentium infection causes inos-independent intestinal epithelial dysfunction in mice. | attaching-effacing bacteria are major causes of infectious diarrhea in humans worldwide. citrobacter rodentium is an attaching-effacing enteric pathogen that causes transmissible murine colonic mucosal hyperplasia. we characterized colonic inflammation and ion transport at 3, 7, 10, 30, and 60 d after infection of c57bl/6 mice with c. rodentium. macroscopic damage score was significantly increased 7 and 10 d after infection. colonic wall thickness was increased at 7, 10, 30, and 60 d. myeloperox ... | 2006 | 17487239 |
| microbial and clinical determinants of time-to-positivity in patients with bacteraemia. | time-to-positivity is useful in the diagnosis of catheter-related bacteraemia and as a predictor of an endovascular source in patients with staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia. however, this parameter has been evaluated for only a limited number of microorganisms. in the present study, time-to-positivity was recorded for 1872 episodes of significant monomicrobial bacteraemia diagnosed at a teaching hospital during a 2-year period, and the associated microbial and clinical variables were investigat ... | 2007 | 17484763 |
| phenotypic and phylogenic groups to evaluate the diversity of citrobacter isolates from activated biomass of effluent treatment plants. | the diversity of citrobacter isolated from effluent treatment plants (etps) was studied using three different parameters. thirty citrobacter strains were isolated from different etps treating wastewaters generated at various industries. all the isolates were characterized based on biochemical tests, antibiotic assay/functional analysis, and phylogenetic analysis. results demonstrated that the pattern of grouping varied based on the selected criteria for analysis. species that clustered together ... | 2008 | 17475485 |
| tir phosphorylation and nck/n-wasp recruitment by enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli during ex vivo colonization of human intestinal mucosa is different to cell culture models. | tir, the translocated intimin receptor of enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli (epec and ehec) and citrobacter rodentium, is translocated into the host cell by a filamentous type iii secretion system. epithelial cell culture has demonstrated that tir tyrosine phosphorylation is necessary for attaching effacing (a/e) lesion formation by epec and c. rodentium, but is not required by ehec o157:h7. recent in vivo work on c. rodentium has reported that tir translocation, but not i ... | 2007 | 17474908 |
| microbial community structure of ethanol type fermentation in bio-hydrogen production. | three continuous stirred-tank reactors (cstrs) were used for h(2) production from molasses wastewater at influent ph of 6.0-6.5 (reactor a), 5.5-6.0 (reactor b), or 4.0-4.5 (reactor c). after operation for 28 days, the microbial community formed ethanol type (c), propionate type (a) and ethanol-butyrate-mixed type (b) fermentation. the h(2) production rate was the highest for ethanol type fermentation, 0.40 l (g vss)(-1) day(-1) or 0.45 l h(2) (g cod removed)(-1). microbial community dynamics an ... | 2007 | 17472628 |
| differentiation of enterobacter sakazakii from closely related enterobacter and citrobacter species using fatty acid profiles. | capillary gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (gc-fid) was used to determine the cellular fatty acid (cfa) profiles of 134 enterobacter sakazakii strains, and these were compared to the cfa profiles of other closely related enterobacter and citrobacter species. for gc-fid analysis, whole cell fatty acid methyl esters (fames) from cells cultured on brain heart infusion (bhi) agar at 37 degrees c for 24 h were obtained by saponification, methylation, and extraction into hexane/methy ... | 2007 | 17472390 |
| development of fatal colitis in fvb mice infected with citrobacter rodentium. | citrobacter rodentium is the causative agent of transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. the disease is characterized by severe but temporary epithelial hyperplasia with limited inflammation in the descending colon of adult mice on a variety of genetic backgrounds. the natural history of infection with this murine pathogen has been characterized in outbred swiss webster (sw) mice but not in the cognate inbred fvb strain. in contrast to subclinical infection in sw mice, 12-week-old fvb mice deve ... | 2007 | 17470543 |
| a rapid and efficient method for cloning genes of type ii restriction-modification systems by use of a killer plasmid. | we present a method for cloning restriction-modification (r-m) systems that is based on the use of a lethal plasmid (pkiller). the plasmid carries a functional gene for a restriction endonuclease having the same dna specificity as the r-m system of interest. the first step is the standard preparation of a representative, plasmid-borne genomic library. then this library is transformed with the killer plasmid. the only surviving bacteria are those which carry the gene specifying a protective dna m ... | 2007 | 17468281 |
| analysis of the expression, regulation and export of nlea-e in escherichia coli o157 : h7. | previous work has shown that locus of enterocyte effacement (lee)-encoded effector proteins such as tir and map can be exported via the type iii secretion system (t3ss) of escherichia coli o157 : h7. additionally, a family of non-lee-encoded (nle) effector proteins has been shown to be secreted from citrobacter rodentium, homologues of which are located on the e. coli o157 chromosome. while nlea has been shown to be secreted from pathogenic e. coli, the secretion of other nle effector proteins h ... | 2007 | 17464049 |
| evolution of bacterial arteritis into a mycotic aortic aneurysm. | arteritis and mycotic aneurysms have been well described for more than 100 years. the authors report a case of bacterial arteritis that presented with pneumatosis of the aortic wall and that evolved over 1 week into an infected abdominal aortic aneurysm. this case documents the rapid progression from arteritis to mycotic aneurysm, highlighting the need for close radiologic follow-up and aggressive medical and surgical management. | 2007 | 17463210 |
| prevalence of community-occurring extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae in brazil. | the occurrence of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing strains in the community was investigated in a private laboratory located in juiz de fora, brazil. all enterobacterial isolates analysed were collected from urine of human patients between the years 2000 and 2002. esbl production was confirmed by double disk screening, combination disk method, and etest esbl strip. the isoelectric point of each beta-lactamase was determined in the crude extracts from each isolate. detection of e ... | 2007 | 17457648 |
| [extended spectrum beta lactamases (esbl) production in acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from chilean hospitals belonging to viii region]. | the resistance of acinetobacter baumannii to ss-lactam antibiotics is mainly due to the synthesis of ss-lactamases. from a clinical point of view, this bacteria and others, grouped under the acronym space (s: serratia, p: pseudomonas, a: acinetobacter, c: citrobacter, e: enterobacter) are essentially amp-c ss-lactamases producers. there is no local information about esbl presence in acinetobacter. we studied esbl production using the ho and col. technique modified by adding cloxacillin as chromo ... | 2007 | 17453072 |
| periodontal disease as reservoir for multi-resistant and hydrolytic enterobacterial species. | this investigation aimed to isolate enteric rods from subgingival sites of patients presenting chronic periodontitis lesions, and to assess antimicrobial resistance and expression of hydrolytic enzymes. | 2007 | 17451514 |
| surface charge influences enterococcal prevalence in mixed-species biofilms. | to study the influence of 15 microbial isolates on the prevalence of charge-heterogeneous and charge-homogeneous enterococcus faecalis strains, all isolated from biliary stents, in mixed-species biofilms. | 2007 | 17448160 |
| glycophorin a is recognized by an antibody population of the rabbit polyclonal antibodies produced against citrobacter braakii o37. | molecular mimicry was found in the case of citrobacter braakii o37, which shares epitopes with human erythrocytes. it is believed that erythrocyte-membrane proteins band 3 and glycophorin a (gpa) have common epitopes. band 3 was recognized by the anti-c. braakii o37 lipopolysaccharide antibodies (lps-abs) purified on lps-affinity columns. this study aimed to investigate the role of gpa in this molecular mimicry. | 2007 | 17446956 |
| rupture of infected peripancreatic necrosis to the peritoneal cavity with fatal outcome. | 2007 | 17446850 | |
| virulence is positively selected by transmission success between mammalian hosts. | virulence, defined as damage to the host, is a trait of pathogens that evolutionary theory suggests benefits the pathogen in the "struggle for existence". pathogens employ virulence mechanisms that contribute to disease. central to the evolution of virulence of the infectious agents causing an array of bacterial disease is the evolutionary acquisition of type iii secretion, a macromolecular complex that creates a syringe-like apparatus extending from the bacterial cytosol to the eukaryotic cytos ... | 2007 | 17442572 |
| desmosomes are unaltered during infections by attaching and effacing pathogens. | the human attaching and effacing (a/e) intestinal pathogens enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec), enteropathogenic e. coli (epec), and the murine a/e pathogen citrobacter rodentium cause serious diarrhea in their hosts. these bacteria alter numerous host cell components, including organelles, the host cell cytoskeleton, and tight junctions during the infectious process. one of the proteins that contribute to the intermediate filament network in host cells, cytokeratin-18, is extensively alt ... | 2007 | 17441212 |
| biochemical characterization of per-2 and genetic environment of blaper-2. | per-2 was the first detected and the second most prevalent extended-spectrum beta-lactamase in clinical pathogens isolated in argentina and was also reported only in other south american countries. citrobacter freundii 33587 was isolated in 1999 in buenos aires and was resistant to all tested beta-lactams except cephamycins and carbapenems. the strain produced both plasmid-borne tem-1 and per-2 (pi 5.4), which could be transferred by conjugation. by pcr screening, thermal asymmetric interlaced p ... | 2007 | 17438050 |
| mutational analysis of nadh-binding residues in triphenylmethane reductase from citrobacter sp. strain kctc 18061p. | triphenylmethane reductase (tmr) catalyzes the nadh-dependent reduction of triphenylmethane dyes. sequence alignment revealed a region with a conserved gxxgxxg motif near its n-terminus, which corresponds to a conserved structural motif of known dinucleotide-binding proteins. to verify whether some of these glycine residues are important for the enzyme catalysis, these three glycine residues (gly-7, gly-10 and gly-13) were individually replaced by alanine using site-directed mutagenesis. the sec ... | 2007 | 17419765 |
| automatic mapping of viable microbial cells distributed in the surface layer of cotton fabrics. | viable microbial cells distributed in a 130 microim thick surface layer of cotton fabrics were stained with a fluorescent glucose, 2- [n- (7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl) amino] -2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-nbdg), and automatically mapped with an ultra-deep focusing range microscope (udf) system. the software of the udf system was upgraded and the number of candida albicans cells could be counted at a higher precision than before. bacterial cells of pseudomonas fluorescens, serratia marcescens, and ... | 2007 | 17408006 |
| microbiologic profile of flexible endoscope disinfection in two brazilian hospitals. | [corrected] endoscopes are routinely used in hospitals and clinics of the world and they can be potential sources of cross-infection when the decontamination process is unsuitable | 2006 | 17406750 |
| actinomyces meyeri osteomyelitis of the symphysis pubis following pubovaginal sling. | previous reports of pubic osteomyelitis associated with bone anchors describe symptoms presenting 10 days to 12 months postoperatively with typical pathogens including streptococcus, staphylococcus, citrobacter, and pseudomonas (fitzgerald et al., int urogynecol j 10:346-348, 1999 enzler et al., j bone jt surg am 81-a(12):1736-1740, 1999; graham and dmochowski, j urol 168:2055-2058, 2004; fialkow et al., urology 64(6):1127-1132, 2004; matkov et al., j urol 160(4):1427, 1998). this case illustrat ... | 2007 | 17404680 |
| pathogens in early-onset and late-onset intensive care unit-acquired pneumonia. | to compare the type of pathogens isolated from patients with early-onset intensive care unit (icu)-acquired pneumonia with those isolated from patients with late-onset icu-acquired pneumonia and to study risk factors for the isolation of pathogens that are potentially resistant to multiple drugs. | 2007 | 17385143 |
| dissemination and persistence of a plasmid-mediated tem-3-like beta-lactamase, tem-139, among enterobacteriaceae in bulgaria. | during a survey of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) in bulgaria from 1996 to 2003, a tem-3-like esbl was detected in strains of klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli, citrobacter freundii and klebsiella oxytoca from three centres in three different towns. the nucleotide sequence of the cloned gene was identical to that of tem-3, except for one substitution (c347a) causing an amino acid exchange at position 49 from leucine to methionine. this tem-3 variant with both a unique nucleotide ... | 2007 | 17382521 |
| functional studies of intimin in vivo and ex vivo: implications for host specificity and tissue tropism. | intimin is an outer-membrane adhesin that is essential for colonization of the host gastrointestinal tract by attaching and effacing pathogens including enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec), enterohaemorrhagic e. coli (ehec) and citrobacter rodentium (cr). the n-terminus of intimin from the different strains is highly conserved while the c-terminus, which harnesses the active receptor-binding site, shows sequence and antigenic polymorphism. this diversity was used to define a number of disti ... | 2007 | 17379706 |
| first detection of a vim-1 metallo-beta-lactamase in a carbapenem-resistant citrobacter freundii clinical isolate in an acute hospital in germany. | we report the first detection of a carbapenem-resistant citrobacter freundii clinical strain in germany. it was isolated from an abscess of a patient with acute necrotic pancreatitis in an acute hospital. pcr and sequencing experiments revealed that the carbapenem resistance was mediated by a vim-1 metallo-beta-lactamase, located on a plasmid encoded class 1 integron. carbapenem resistance in enterobacteriaceae is so far a rare event and 1 of the major therapeutic concerns in the future. | 2007 | 17366062 |
| activity of faropenem against cephalosporin-resistant enterobacteriaceae. | there is a need for new oral agents active against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) producers, as these increasingly cause community-onset infections. we therefore evaluated faropenem, a penem in phase iii development, against recently collected oxyimino-cephalosporin-resistant bacteria. | 2007 | 17353220 |
| bactericidal activity of normal bovine serum (nbs) directed against some enterobacteriaceae with sialic acid-containing lipopolysaccharides (lps) as a component of cell wall. | the sensitivity of bacteria to the bactericidal activity of serum depends on the structure and organization of the bacterial outer membrane. sialic acid has been found in the o-specific region of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) and it plays an essential role in protecting gram-negative bacteria against the bactericidal activity of human and animal serum. the susceptibility of gram-negative bacilli with sialic acid-containing lps to the bactericidal action of normal bovine serum (nbs) was dete ... | 2006 | 17338268 |
| resistance to gram-negative organisms due to high-level expression of plasmid-encoded ampc beta-lactamase blacmy-4 promoted by insertion sequence isecp1. | a klebsiella pneumoniae strain, ku6500, which showed resistance to extended-spectrum beta-lactams and produced the plasmid-encoded ampc beta-lactamase cmy-4, was identified from clinical isolates in japan. the aim of this study was to identify the mechanism of the high-level expression of blacmy-4. sequence analysis indicated that the promoter element of citrobacter freundii was conserved, but the insertion sequence isecp1 coding with the putative promoter element, was inserted into the ampr bin ... | 2007 | 17334724 |
| citrobacter rodentium virulence in mice associates with bacterial load and the type iii effector nlee. | severe disease caused by shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) has been associated with a pathogenicity island, o-island 122, which encodes the type iii secretion system-effector nlee. here we show that full virulence of the related attaching and effacing mouse pathogen citrobacter rodentium requires nlee. relative to wild-type bacteria, nlee-mutant c. rodentium are attenuated for colonisation in mice in both single and mixed infections. examination of the ability of nlee-mutant bacteria ... | 2007 | 17317262 |
| biomedical evaluation of two sympatric lemur species (propithecus verreauxi deckeni and eulemur fulvus rufus) in tsiombokibo classified forest, madagascar. | complete medical examinations were performed on 20 wild decken's sifaka (propithecus verreauxi deckeni) and 20 wild red-fronted brown lemurs (eulemurfulvus rufus) from western madagascar. each animal received a complete physical examination, and weight, body temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate were recorded and ectoparasites collected. blood samples were collected for complete blood cell count, differential white blood cell count, hemoparasite examination, serum biochemical profile, fa ... | 2005 | 17312713 |
| evaluation of phoenix automated microbiology system for detecting extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among chromosomal ampc-producing enterobacter cloacae, enterobacter aerogenes, citrobacter freundii, and serratia marcescens. | we evaluated the bd phoenix extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) detection test among chromosomal ampc-producing enterobacter cloacae, enterobacter aerogenes, citrobacter freundii, and serratia marcescens. the study was conducted on 72 non-repetitive esbl producers (33 e. cloacae, 13 e. aerogenes, 14 c. freundii, and 12 s. marcescens) and 77 esbl non-producers (33 e. cloacae, 9 e. aerogenes, 6 c. freundii, and 29 s. marcescens). the organisms were selected as suspected esbl-producers based on ... | 2007 | 17311873 |
| [overexpression of citrobacter braakii phytase with high specific activity in pichia pastoris]. | utilization of the phytase with high specific activity is an effective way to improve the fermentation potency of phytase in recombinant host and decrease the production cost. up to now, the phytase appa from citrobacter braakii exhibits the highest specific activity in the all phytases recorded previously. the gene appa encoding phytase was modified according to the bias in codon choice of the high expression gene in pichia pastoris without changing the amino acid sequence and artificially synt ... | 2006 | 17302159 |
| [pyrazinamidase activity of bacteria from enterobacteriaceae family as characteristic for taxonomy]. | pyrazinamidase activity in 330 strains of bacteria from enterobacteriaceae family (14 genus, 27 species) has been assessed. pyrazinamidase activity detected in species from following genuses: citrobacter, escherichia, klebsiella, kluyvera, morganella, providencia, raourtella, salmonella, shigella, and also in proteus mirabilis, and nonpathogenic serovars of yersinia enterocolitica, y. frederiksenii. pirasinamidase was absent in serratia (s. marcescens, s. liguefaciens), hafnia alvei, p. vulgaris ... | 2006 | 17297889 |
| [antagonistic effect of bacteriocinogenic lactobacillus acidophilus on klebsiella pneumoniae, citrobacter freundii and proteus mirabilis cells]. | data of the ultrastructural cellular changes of conditionally pathogenic enterobacteria, including k. pneumoniae, c. freundii and p. mirabilis cells impacts to bacteriocin-producing l. acidophilus are presented. enterobacteria in response to the bacteriocinogenic effect of lactobacilli are manifestated by expressive destructions of sensitive to pore formation bacteriocin cells. various morphological types of enterobacteria cells with increase of involution, lysing and resting forms are revealed. ... | 2006 | 17297872 |
| characterization of the gene encoding the 16s rrna of enterobacter sakazakii and development of a species-specific pcr method. | the gene encoding the 16s rrna of enterobacter (e.) sakazakii (atcc 29544, plus four strains isolated from powdered infant formula) was studied, and the sequence compared with those of other enterobacteriaceae in aspects of genetic variability. sequence differences between e. sakazakii and other enterobacteriaceae within the hypervariable regions v1, v2, and v3, respectively, were used to develop two pcr methods for e. sakazakii. pcr1 employed a primer pair located in v1/v2, while pcr2 utilized ... | 2007 | 17289198 |
| detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among enterobacteriaceae by use of semiautomated microbiology systems and manual detection procedures. | three commercially available microbiology identification and susceptibility testing systems were compared with regard to their ability to detect extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) production in enterobacteriaceae, i.e., the phoenix automated microbiology system (bd diagnostic systems, sparks, md), the vitek 2 system (biomérieux, marcy l'etoile, france), and the microscan walkaway-96 system (dade behring, inc., west sacramento, ca), using routine testing panels. one hundred fifty putative es ... | 2007 | 17287329 |
| surveillance of bacteriological quality of natural water resources in rural areas around kasauli town, distt. solan, himachal pradesh. | a study was conducted to find out the bacteriological quality of water during the monsoon season in local areas around kasauli town, and to evaluate the management of water resources in rural areas. the water samples were collected from bowries and hand pumps. as there is no municipal water supply in majority of these areas, the local residents depends mainly on these natural resources without any treatment of water. all the 14 surface water samples collected from bowries were found bacteriologi ... | 2005 | 17278659 |
| first identification of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates producing a kpc-type carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase. | in medellin, colombia, three pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates with high-level carbapenem resistance (mic>or=256 microg/ml) and an isolate of citrobacter freundii with reduced susceptibility to imipenem produced the plasmid-mediated class a carbapenemase kpc-2. this is the first report of a kpc-type beta-lactamase identified outside of the family enterobacteriaceae. | 2007 | 17261621 |
| predictors of in-hospital mortality for bloodstream infections caused by enterobacter species or citrobacter freundii. | to identify predictors of in-hospital mortality among patients with bacteremia caused by enterobacter cloacae, enterobacter aerogenes, or citrobacter freundii. | 2007 | 17253909 |
| chromosome-encoded narrow-spectrum ambler class a beta-lactamase gil-1 from citrobacter gillenii. | a novel beta-lactamase gene was cloned from the whole-cell dna of an enterobacterial citrobacter gillenii reference strain that displayed a weak narrow-spectrum beta-lactam-resistant phenotype and was expressed in escherichia coli. it encoded a clavulanic acid-inhibited ambler class a beta-lactamase, gil-1, with a pi value of 7.5 and a molecular mass of ca. 29 kda. gil-1 had the highest percent amino acid sequence identity with tem-1 and shv-1, 77%, and 67%, respectively, and only 46%, 31%, and ... | 2007 | 17242148 |
| real-time pcr method for salmonella spp. targeting the stn gene. | to develop a real-time pcr assay for salmonella spp. targeting the stn gene. | 2007 | 17241358 |
| delayed recurrence of postoperative intra-abdominal abscess: an unusual case and review of the literature. | although intra-abdominal abscess is one of the major complications of abdominal surgery, the literature documents only a few cases of recurrence after a long asymptomatic period. | 2006 | 17233573 |
| occurrence and characterization of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae: report from the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program (2000-2004). | emergence and dissemination of enterobacteriaceae isolates harboring carbapenemases in various geographic regions represents a significant threat to the management of nosocomial infections. enterobacteriaceae isolates from the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program (2000-2004) demonstrating decreased susceptibility to imipenem and meropenem (minimum inhibitory concentration [mic], > or =2 mg/l) were evaluated for the production of metallo-beta-lactamases and serine carbapenemases using disk a ... | 2006 | 17227206 |
| spontaneous citrobacter freundii infection in an immunocompetent patient. | 2007 | 17224563 | |
| emergence of arma and rmtb aminoglycoside resistance 16s rrna methylases in belgium. | 16s rrna methylase-mediated high-level resistance to aminoglycosides has been reported recently in clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli only from a limited number of countries. this study was conducted to investigate the occurrence of this type of resistance in clinical isolates of enterobacteriaceae from two belgian hospitals and the characteristics of the strains. | 2007 | 17224412 |
| occurrence of strains producing specific antibacterial inhibitory agents in five genera of enterobacteriaceae. | striking differences in the production of specific inhibitory agents affecting other strains of the same (or of related) species were found between genera of the family enterobacteriaceae. we tested 50-163 strains each of the potentially pathogenic genera: escherichia, citrobacter, enterobacter, kluyvera, and leclercia for their ability to produce bacteriophages, high-molecular-weight (hmw) and low-molecular-weight (lmw) bacteriocins and siderophores against the same sets of strains, using the c ... | 2007 | 17211543 |
| [short communication: prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamases in gram negative rods: data of 2001-2004 period]. | this study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) production by gram negative rods (gnrs) isolated from various clinical specimens (3.240 urine, 336 pus, 277 feces, 83 blood, 38 sputum) sent to our hospital laboratory, between 2001-2004. of isolated bacteria 71.4% were identified as escherichia coli, 11.1% were klebsiella spp, 4.2% were salmonella spp, 3.7% were pseudomonas spp, 3.5% were proteus spp, 2.9% were shigella spp, 2.3% were enterobacter s ... | 2006 | 17205693 |
| growth of salmonella enterica in model mixed cultures during a two-step enrichment. | growth of salmonella enterica was studied in model mixed cultures with citrobacter freundii or escherichia coli in buffered peptone water (bpw) and in rappaport-vassiliadis medium with soya (rvs) with modified concentrations of mgcl2 and malachite green, and at modified incubation temperatures. selected s. enterica strains were inoculated in bpw (10(0) cfu/ml) together with selected strains of citrobacter freundii (up to 10(8) cfu/ml) or selected strains of escherichia coli (up to 10(8) cfu/ml), ... | 2006 | 17201092 |
| [using antibiotics in urinary tract infection in a first level of attention health care unit in bogotá, colombia]. | describing using antibiotics for urinary tract infection in a first level of attention health care unit. | 2006 | 17191601 |
| enterobacteriaceae in dehydrated powdered infant formula manufactured in indonesia and malaysia. | to determine the occurrence of salmonella and shigella in infant formula from southeast asia, 74 packages of dehydrated powdered infant follow-on formula (recommended age, > 4 months) from five different manufacturers, four from indonesia and one from malaysia, were analyzed. none of the 25-g test portions yielded salmonella or shigella. however, further identification of colonies growing on selective media used for salmonella and shigella detection revealed the frequent occurrence of several ot ... | 2006 | 17186672 |
| both sulfate-reducing bacteria and enterobacteriaceae take part in marine biocorrosion of carbon steel. | in order to evaluate the part played in biocorrosion by microbial groups other than sulfate-reducing bacteria (srb), we characterized the phylogenetic diversity of a corrosive marine biofilm attached to a harbour pile structure as well as to carbon steel surfaces (coupons) immersed in seawater for increasing time periods (1 and 8 months). we thus experimentally checked corroding abilities of defined species mixtures. | 2007 | 17184331 |
| evaluation of a new selective chromogenic agar medium for detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae. | a novel chromogenic agar medium (esbl-bx; biomérieux, marcy l'etoile, france) was compared to macconkey agar supplemented with 2 mg ceftazidime/liter (mckc) for the selective isolation and presumptive identification of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing enterobacteriaceae directly from clinical samples. of a total of 644 clinical specimens (including 551 fecal samples), 496 yielded no growth and 148 yielded growth on one or both media. overall, 44 esbl-producing enterobacteriaceae ... | 2007 | 17182756 |
| peritumoral citrobacter koseri abscess associated with parasagittal meningioma. | this is the second report of a citrobacter-associated brain abscess in an adult and the first report of its association with an intradural tumor. excluding those associated with trauma, neurosurgical procedures, and proximity to the skull base, only seven other cases of abscesses associated with intracranial tumors have been published. five of seven tumor-associated abscesses with a microbiological diagnosis involved gram-negative bacteria, a finding that may indicate a predilection of these mic ... | 2005 | 17152669 |
| transient neutrophilic thrombophagocytosis associated with citrobacter freundii septicemia. | 2006 | 17149945 | |
| occurrence and diversity of integrons and beta-lactamase genes among ampicillin-resistant isolates from estuarine waters. | the aim of the present study was to assess the occurrence and molecular diversity of beta-lactamase genes and integrons among gram-negative ampicillin-resistant bacteria from ria de aveiro. ampicillin-resistant isolates were selected and subjected to genotyping using rep-pcr. representatives from each rep pattern were affiliated with the following taxa by sequencing the 16s rrna gene: aeromonas caviae, a. hydrophila, a. media, a. molluscorum, a. veronii, a. salmonicida, aeromonas sp., pseudomona ... | 2006 | 17125975 |
| conservative debridement of postoperative meleney's gangrene following a caesarean section. | meleney's gangrene is almost exclusively postoperative and is caused by multiple bacteria. this case review describes the conservative management of meleney's gangrene in a young patient following a caesarean section. | 2006 | 17124818 |
| flip influences citrobacter koseri macrophage uptake, cytokine expression and brain abscess formation in the neonatal rat. | citrobacter koseri causes neonatal meningitis frequently complicated with multiple brain abscesses. during c. koseri central nervous system infection in the neonatal rat model, previous studies have documented many bacteria-filled macrophages within the neonatal rat brain and abscesses. previous studies have also shown that c. koseri is taken up by, survives phagolysosomal fusion and replicates in macrophages in vitro and in vivo. in this study, in order to elucidate genetic and cellular factors ... | 2006 | 17108264 |
| identification and characterization of nlei, a new non-lee-encoded effector of enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec). | enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec), a major gastrointestinal pathogen, causes infantile diarrhea in many developing countries. epec is an attaching and effacing (a/e) pathogen that utilizes a lee-encoded type iii secretion system (ttss) to deliver effector proteins into host cells. these effectors have been identified as potential virulence factors in a/e pathogens including epec, enterohemorrhagic e. coli (ehec) and citrobacter rodentium (cr). we used a proteomics approach to identify a n ... | 2006 | 17097322 |
| inactivation of tyrosine phenol-lyase by pictet-spengler reaction and alleviation by t15a mutation on intertwined n-terminal arm. | citrobacter freundiil-tyrosine phenol-lyase (tpl) was inactivated by a pictet-spengler reaction between the cofactor and a substrate, 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-l-alanine (l-dopa), in proportion to an increase in the reaction temperature. random mutagenesis of the tpl gene resulted in the generation of a thr15 to ala mutant (t15a), which exhibited a two-fold improved activity towards l-dopa as the substrate. the thr15 residue was located on the intertwined n-terminal arm of the tpl structure, and compr ... | 2006 | 17094783 |
| [clinical results of resection arthroplasty for infected shoulder arthroplasty]. | infection is a rare complication of shoulder arthroplasty. various therapeutic solutions have been proposed: antibiotics alone, one-stage or two-stage reimplantation, surgical or arthroscopic cleaning without prosthesis removal, scapulohumeral arthrodesis or simple arthroscopic resection. we evaluated the mid-term clinical outcome after resection arthroplasty for the treatment of infected shoulder arthroplasty. | 2006 | 17088753 |
| functional analysis of replication and stability regions of broad-host-range conjugative plasmid ctx-m3 from the incl/m incompatibility group. | plasmid ctx-m3 (89 kb) isolated from citrobacter freundii from a warsaw hospital is a mosaic plasmid with replication functions 100% identical with those of pmu407.1 of the incl/m group, conjugative operons with up to 60% homology to colib-p9 (inci) and stability functions originating either from nr1(r100) (incfii) or colib-p9 /r1/nr1 plasmids. we established the broad-host-range for pctx-m3 and defined its minireplicon in escherichia coli. we analyzed the role of stability cassettes and showed ... | 2007 | 17087993 |