Publications

inadequate hepatitis b vaccination of adolescents and adults at an urban community health center.	hepatitis b remains a major public health problem in the united states, but public vaccination policy has targeted infants rather than the high-risk adults who constitute the vast majority of patients at imminent risk of infection. the effects of this policy were studied at a community health center in boston. adolescents and adults who attended a community health center between january 1, 1992 and may 31, 1993 and had human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) or another sexually transmitted disease (s ...	1997	9046761
trials of 9-amino-20(s)-camptothecin in boston.	9-amino-20(s)-camptothecin (9-ac) is an analog of camptothecin with limited water solubility which has shown significant preclinical activity in a variety of human solid tumor xenografts. a phase i trial using a soluble formulation of 9-ac, given as a 72-hour continuous infusion, has been completed. thirty-one patients with resistant cancers received 5-60 micrograms/m2/h at three week intervals. the maximum tolerated dose (mtd) was 45 micrograms/m2/hour. neutropenia was the dose limiting toxicit ...	1996	8993518
dangerous and cancer-causing properties of products and chemicals in the oil-refining and petrochemical industry--part xxii: health hazards from exposure to gasoline containing methyl tertiary butyl ether: study of new jersey residents.	methyl tertiary butyl ether has caused the following cancers in rats and mice: kidney, testicular, liver, lymphomas, and leukemias. thus, in the absence of adequate data on humans, it is biologically plausible and prudent to regard methyl tertiary butyl ether-for which there is sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals-as a probable human carcinogen. this means that some humans are at extreme risk of contracting cancers resulting from their exposure to oxygenated gasoline co ...	1996	8989842
radioiodine and thyroid disease: the beginning.	in 1936, karl compton, then president of the massachusetts institute of technology (mit) and the thyroid group of the massachusetts general hospital (mgh), undertook a joint study that led to the production of small amounts of short-lived radioiodine (iodine 128, half-life, 25 min). the original intent was to use it for diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disease, but in order to explore the underlying physiology, their first work was performed in rabbits and published in 1938. it clearly showed ...	1996	8829276
the significance of isolated antibody to hepatitis b core antigen seropositivity in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus.		1996	8816158
use of computational models to reconstruct and predict trichloroethylene exposure.	in this study, a type frequently encountered by atsdr, groundwater and surface-water contamination have occurred near the gratuity road site in the town of groton, massachusetts. a petitioned public health assessment for the gratuity road site identified the primary contaminants as trichloro-ethylene (tce), 1,1,1-trichloroethane (tca), hexavalent chromium (cr+6), chromium (cr), and lead (pb) (atsdr 1992). the health assessment also indicated that off-site residential groundwater wells had been c ...	1996	8794528
animal care and use: an issue now and in the future.	animal rights proponents equate human and animal rights or capacity to suffer pain. animal welfare is a philosophy that centers on animal well-being, a stewardship role that producers view as affecting profitability but the general public may view as having additional components. the agenda of some animal rights proponents may be positioned under the guise of animal welfare to gain acceptability for portions of their work. currently, guidelines and accreditation programs targeted at ensuring pro ...	1996	8778107
preferred sources of aids information, risk perceptions, and risk behaviors among inner-city community college students.	to understand preferred sources of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) information and level of worry about human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) among community college students, a survey of 102 students in an inner-city community college was conducted. the survey requested information on preferred sources of information about aids, risk behaviors, and level of worry about hiv infection compared with other life risks. forty-six per cent of respondents had engaged in risk behaviors for aids. ...	1996	8776063
emerging participatory approaches to ergonomic interventions in the construction industry.	the central artery/third harbor tunnel (ca/t) construction project in boston is the largest and most costly highway construction project ever undertaken in the united states. the construction occupational health project (cohp) of the work environment department at the university of massachusetts-lowell was established to conduct exposure assessment and to develop, introduce, and evaluate interventions in the areas of ergonomics and industrial hygiene on the ca/t project. for both political and p ...	1996	8728154
the impact of the medicare influenza demonstration project on influenza vaccination in a county in massachusetts, 1988-1992.	influenza and related pneumonia continue to cause significant amounts of morbidity and mortality despite the availability of effective vaccines. two comparable counties in massachusetts served as project areas of a national trial to see if reimbursement for immunizing medicare-b eligible recipients against influenza would increase the use of the vaccine and reduce the costs attributed to related morbidity. providers of health and social services to elders were recruited to participate in one cou ...	1996	8726210
chemistry, toxicology, and human health risk of cyanide compounds in soils at former manufactured gas plant sites.	cyanide-containing wastes are commonly found in soils at former manufactured gas plant (mgp) sites, also known as town gas sites. the complex forms of cyanide are responsible for the blue-stained soils and rocks found at these sites. most concentrations of cyanide at mgp sites are below 2000 ppm, although concentrations greater than 20,000 ppm have been observed. an understanding of the chemistry of the mgp cyanide-containing compounds, their fate, and transport as well as their toxicology is cr ...	1996	8661329
clinical predictors of functioning in persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.	to help clinicians better assess and treat functional disabilities in persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids), the authors estimate empirical relations among biologic and physiologic variables, symptoms, and physical functioning in persons with aids. the sample of 305 persons with aids for this cross-sectional analysis came from three sites in boston, massachusetts: a hospital-based group practice, a human immunodeficiency virus clinic at a city hospital, and a staff-model health ...	1996	8656726
using administratively collected hospital discharge data for aids surveillance.	the objectives of this study were twofold: to improve methods of identifying possible and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-related hospital discharges in administrative databases and to measure aids-reporting completeness in massachusetts both overall and by subgroup. we used fiscal year 1988 discharge data from the massachusetts rate setting commission (rsc) and data from the massachusetts aids reporting system (ars). we identified 3362 discharges of adult patients (> 12 years old) fro ...	1995	8653205
reliability of self-reported human immunodeficiency virus risk behaviors in a residential drug treatment population.	this study examined test-retest reliabilities of self-reported human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) sexual and drug injection behaviors among 246 prior drug users admitted to either of two residential drug treatment programs in westborough, massachusetts, and providence, rhode island, between june 1990 and september 1992. participants, selected by their date of admission, were administered admission and reliability questionnaires pertaining to hiv risk behaviors, the latter at approximately 2 week ...	1996	8651235
hepatocellular carcinoma in the united states. prognostic features, treatment outcome, and survival.	the purpose of this study was to investigate prognostic factors at presentation and the survival of north american patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc).	1996	8635087
recent advances in the laboratory of molecular and cellular cardiology.	this article highlights some of the research in cardiac molecular biology in progress in the department of cardiology at children's hospital. it provides a sampling of investigative approaches to key questions in cardiovascular development and function and, as such, is intended as an overview rather than a comprehensive treatment of these problems. the featured projects, encompassing four different "model" systems, include (1) genetic analysis of the mef2 gene required for fruit fly cardial cell ...	1995	8604921
invasive pneumococcal infections in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children.	invasive pneumococcal infection (ipi) is the most common serious bacterial infection in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected children. data from a population-based pediatric hiv surveillance project were used to determine the incidence of ipi in hiv-infected children and to conduct a case-control study assessing potential risk factors for ipi in hiv-infected children. there were 50 episodes of ipi and a cumulative incidence of 6.1 cases/100 patient-years through age 7 years. children with ...	1996	8603965
the visible human data set: an image resource for anatomical visualization.	the national library of medicine (nlm) has long been a world leader in the archiving and distribution of the print-based images of biology and medicine. nlm has also been a pioneer in the use of computer systems to encode and distribute textual knowledge of the life sciences. nlm's long range planning effort of 1985-86 foresaw a coming era where nlm's bibliographic and factual database services would be complemented by libraries of digital images, distributed over high speed computer networks an ...	1995	8591405
hemocytic rickettsia-like organisms in ticks: serologic reactivity with antisera to ehrlichiae and detection of dna of agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis by pcr.	ixodid ticks were collected from connecticut, massachusetts, missouri, pennsylvania, rhode island, and british columbia (canada) during 1991 to 1994 to determine the prevalence of infection with hemocytic (blood cell), rickettsia-like organisms. hemolymph obtained from these ticks was analyzed by direct and indirect fluorescent antibody (fa) staining methods with dog, horse, or human sera containing antibodies to ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia equi, or rickettsia rickettsii. of the 693 nymphal and a ...	1995	8567911
health values of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. relationship to mental health and physical functioning.	to assess the health values of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and examine the relationships between their health values and health status at two points in time, the authors sought to determine whether patients' physical and mental health statuses were good predictors of how they valued their current state of health. one hundred thirty-nine patients with various stages of hiv infection were interviewed in a prospective cohort study based in a primary care practice of a ...	1996	8551811
elevated incidence of childhood leukemia in woburn, massachusetts: niehs superfund basic research program searches for causes.	between 1966 and 1986, the childhood leukemia rate in woburn, massachusetts, was 4-fold higher than the national average. a multidisciplinary research team from mit, which is being supported by the niehs superfund basic research program, has explored the possible importance of a temporal correlation between the period of elevated leukemia and a previously unrecognized mobilization of toxic metals from a waste disposal site in north woburn. residents of woburn may have been exposed to arsenic (70 ...	1995	8549500
hiv infection as leading cause of death among young adults in us cities and states.	to describe the extent to which human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection has become the leading cause of death among young adults (25 to 44 years of age) in us states and cities of at least 100,000 population.	1993	8501840
pulsed-field gel electrophoresis applied for comparing listeria monocytogenes strains involved in outbreaks.	recent food-borne outbreaks of human listeriosis as well as numerous sporadic cases have been mainly caused by listeria monocytogenes serovar 4b strains. thus, it was of interest to find out whether a certain clone or a certain few clones were responsible for these cases and especially for outbreaks. we used pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of large chromosomal dna restriction fragments generated by apai, smai, or noti to analyse 75 l. monocytogenes strains isolated during six major and eight sm ...	1993	8500010
ethnocultural influences on variation in chronic pain perception.	in multiple studies cultural affiliation has been found to have an important influence on perception of and response to experimental and acute pain. despite that evidence little work has been directed to understanding the cultural dimensions of the chronic pain experience. we present the results of a quantitative study of reported chronic pain perception in 372 chronic pain patients in six ethnic groups, who were under treatment at a multidisciplinary pain-management center. the role of ethnic a ...	1993	8446431
canine exposure to borrelia burgdorferi and prevalence of ixodes dammini (acari: ixodidae) on deer as a measure of lyme disease risk in the northeastern united states.	surveillance programs that identify areas where both the vector (ixodes dammini) and etiologic agent (borrelia burgdorferi) are present may identify the risk of lyme disease and its spread earlier and more accurately than do programs relying on any single method, particularly human case reports. hunter-killed deer (n = 1,204) from 22 counties in maryland, massachusetts, new hampshire, new york, and pennsylvania were examined in fall 1989 and all ectoparasites were identified. the following sprin ...	1993	8433324
cognitive impairment and the use of health services in an elderly rural population: the movies project. monongahela valley independent elders survey.	to describe the patterns of use of health and human services by elderly rural individuals and to determine whether cognitively impaired persons had a distinctive pattern of service utilization.	1993	8409151
spire corporation: a paradigm for success in the 90s.	there is much talk now of "defense conversion" and the need to turn a given country's "peace dividend" into improving its "infrastructure." beyond the obvious political rhetoric, those terms bode well for the field of biotechnology. every facet of technology must attend to its "delivery system," for the same obvious reason, roads and bridges must be maintained and improved. in the case of biosensors and their delivery into the human body, for example, it stands to reason that adequate focus shou ...	1993	8357570
health-related quality of life in persons with acquired immune deficiency syndrome.	assessing health-related quality of life in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) is extremely important, but most available scales are too long, contain items that are not relevant for such persons, or do not assess important signs and symptoms of hiv infection. this study presents a new set of scales for assessing the symptoms and functioning of persons infected with hiv and reports data on their reliability and validity collected in face-to-face interviews with 189 patients ...	1993	8326772
two new approaches toward linkage heterogeneity of fad: two-locus models and age of onset as a discriminator.	we present two new approaches to the problem of genetic heterogeneity encountered in linkage analysis of familial alzheimer's disease. we used two-locus models to represent the possible existence of two disease genes while allowing for intrafamilial heterogeneity, and modeled the occurrence of the early onset form of the disease with epistasis. we developed a mixture model of heterogeneity where the early and late onset family types can be either linked to chromosome 19, 21, or unlinked, and whe ...	1993	8314043
heterogeneity testing for alzheimer's disease within and between data sets.	we examined the three alzheimer's disease (ad) family data sets for heterogeneity. four markers that were represented in all three data sets were selected for analysis. markers bcl3/ecor-mlu and d19s13/taqi were chosen for chromosome 19 and d21s13/taqi and d21s16/xbai for chromosome 21. homogeneity testing was performed on the data by use of morton's pre-divided samples test (ps-test) and smith's admixture test (a-test). the c-test of maclean et al. [1992] was also used to test for linkage in th ...	1993	8314041
is a single mutation at the same locus responsible for all affected cases in a large alzheimer pedigree (fad4)?	analysis of marker segregation in the large alzheimer pedigree, fad4, leads to the conclusion, with a type i error of 5%, of linkage heterogeneity between two branches of the pedigree: the disease cosegregates with chromosome 21 markers flanking the app area in one branch and not in the other one. thus, we conclude that a single mutation in the chromosome 21 region surrounding app cannot be responsible for all the affected cases in this pedigree.	1993	8314039
detecting heterogeneity with the affected-pedigree-member (apm) method.	we have developed a novel test of heterogeneity based on the apm method. we present tests of this method on both empiric and simulated data.	1993	8314034
analysis of discrete phenotypes using a multipoint identity-by-descent method: application to alzheimer's disease.	the multipoint identity-by-descent method was developed to detect linkage to a specific chromosomal region through partitioning the genetic variance. this method has previously been applied to quantitative traits, and here is extended to a qualitative trait, where a dichotomous affected/unaffected status variable is transformed to a quantitative variable by incorporating covariates. this method is applied to the alzheimer's disease data sets from genetic analysis workshop 8, to investigate putat ...	1993	8314031
sib-pair linkage analyses of alzheimer's disease.	sib-pair linkage analyses were used to search for linkage to a set of chromosome 19 and 21 marker loci in two sets of families with alzheimer's disease. the advantage of this technique is that no assumption is made about the mode of inheritance of the disease. some mild suggestions of linkage were found in early-onset families for a chromosome 21 marker and in a set of late-onset families for a chromosome 19 marker.	1993	8314029
linkage analysis in familial alzheimer disease: description of the duke and boston data sets.	familial alzheimer diseases is a neurological disorder of adult onset. three research centers have each contributed their families and genetic linkage data for combined analyses. the data from the duke and boston centers, comprising 73 pedigrees for whom numerous markers on chromosomes 19 and 21 were typed are described.	1993	8314027
isolation of mycobacterium avium complex from water in the united states, finland, zaire, and kenya.	disseminated infection with organisms of the mycobacterium avium complex (mac) is a common complication of aids in the united states and other developing countries, but it is rare or absent in sub-saharan africa. to assess the comparative likelihood of exposure to mac in these geographic areas, we used a standard protocol to culture 91 water samples from environmental sites and piped water supply systems in the united states, finland, zaire, and kenya. mac was isolated from all geographic areas ...	1993	8308115
rabies surveillance in the united states during 1992.	in 1992, 49 states, the district of columbia, and puerto rico reported 8,644 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 1 case in a human being to the centers for disease control and prevention. almost 92% (7,912 cases) were wild animals, the largest number of wild animals ever reported, whereas 8.5% (732 cases) were domestic species. the total number of reported cases increased 23.9% over that of 1991 (6,975 cases), with most of the increase resulting from continued spread of rabies in raccoons. t ...	1993	8307825
the nobel lectures in immunology. the nobel prize for physiology or medicine, 1990. the first successful organ transplants in man.		1994	8290887
human ehrlichiosis in new england.		1994	8272102
hiv risk among latino adolescents in two new england cities.	latino adolescents in two urban new england areas were surveyed to assess risk of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) transmission.	1993	8214227
determination of polychlorinated biphenyl levels in the serum of residents and in the homogenates of seafood from the new bedford, massachusetts, area: a comparison of exposure sources through pattern recognition techniques.	we measured the residues of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in the serum of 23 residents of the new bedford, massachusetts, area and from two homogenates each of bluefish and lobsters from the same area. we used congener-specific and total aroclor quantitative approaches, both of which involved gas chromatography with electron capture detection. using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (electron ionization mode), we confirmed the presence of pcbs in the combined serum samples and in the aliqu ...	1994	8209226
admissions of injection drug users to drug abuse treatment following hiv counseling and testing.	the outcomes of counseling and testing programs related to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and risk of infection among injection drug users (idus) are not well known or understood. a counseling and testing outcome of potential public health importance is attaining admission to drug abuse treatment by those idus who are either infected or who are at high risk of becoming infected. the authors investigated factors related to admission to drug abuse treatment among 519 idus who receive ...	1994	8153272
computer interview for screening blood donors for risk of hiv transmission.	to test the ability of a computer-based interview to detect factors related to the risk of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) among potential blood donors, and to determine donor reactions to the use of the computer, we compared the rate of detection of hiv-related factors elicited by the computer interview with the rate elicited by standard american red cross procedures (written questionnaires and face-to-face interviews) for assessment of donor suitability. the study was performed at a red ...	1994	8145632
non-occupational exposures to pesticides for residents of two u.s. cities.	the non-occupational pesticide exposure study, funded by the u.s. environmental protection agency, was designed to assess total human exposures to 32 pesticides and pesticide degradation products in the non-occupational environment; however, the study focused primarily on inhalation exposures. two sites--jacksonville, florida (usa) and springfield/chicopee, massachusetts (usa)--were studied during three seasons: summer 1986 (jacksonville only), spring 1987, and winter 1988. probability samples o ...	1994	8110023
caring for people with human immunodeficiency virus. incorporating the patient's perspective.	the interdisciplinary hiv work team meets to improve care for people with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). through its efforts, including patient and provider focus groups, the team identified what is done well in caring for patients with hiv, the obstacles that patients encounter in accessing care, and how to prepare for the future. the work team has been instrumental in developing ideas and implementing changes by serving as a vehicle for communication and enhancing a spirit of collabor ...	1994	8089718
the incidence of prenatal syphilis at the boston city hospital: a comparison across four decades.	to examine the incidence and epidemiologic correlates of congenital syphilis at an inner-city boston hospital, and draw comparisons with the situation at the same hospital 40 years ago.	1994	8008532
epidemiology of skin disease in hiv infection: a cohort study of health maintenance organization members.	the medical literature suggests that persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) have an increased risk of many common and uncommon cutaneous diseases. further, it has been suggested that in hiv-infected people these conditions may be more persistent and they may be more prone to developing adverse cutaneous reactions to drugs. we have identified a cohort of 684 hiv-infected persons who were members of a large massachusetts health maintenance organization. based on review of hospita ...	1994	8006432
improving medical residents' attitudes toward hiv-infected persons through training in an hiv staging and triage clinic.	to assess the effect of a weekly outpatient clinic for staging and triage of newly identified human-immunodeficiency-virus (hiv)-infected patients on medical residents' attitudes and knowledge regarding care of hiv-infected persons.	1994	7999177
initial assessment of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus: the yield and cost of laboratory testing.	our objective was to determine the yield and cost of standardized laboratory testing of hiv-infected patients entering medical care after testing positive for hiv. an hiv staging and referral clinic in a municipal public hospital was our site for a cross-sectional study, and 308 patients were evaluated in the clinic between february 1, 1990 and october 1, 1991. patients underwent standardized laboratory testing, including hematologic studies, serum chemistries, infectious disease serologies, and ...	1994	7932080
evaluation of epstein-barr virus antibody patterns and detection of viral markers in the biopsies of patients with hodgkin's disease.	we assessed the relationship of epstein-barr virus (ebv) serology to the presence or absence of ebv genome in 39 cases of hodgkin's disease (hd). biopsies from patients included in 2 previous published studies, 1 involving patients from the united states (eastern massachusetts) and 1 from denmark, were evaluated for ebv (eber-1) and latent membrane protein (lmp-1). the presence of ebv in reed-sternberg cells in the biopsies correlated with the histologic subtype of hd (mixed cellularity and lymp ...	1994	7927903
clinical features of microsporidiosis in patients with aids.	microsporidia are protozoan parasites responsible for significant gastrointestinal disease in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. we report the clinical features of 20 patients with chronic diarrhea for whom microsporidian spores were identified by modified trichrome staining of stool smears and confirmed by biopsy and/or electron microscopy of stool. of the 18 microsporidian protozoa identified to the species level, 14 (78%) were enterocytozoon bieneusi and four (22%) were sept ...	1994	7915548
cocaine use and risky injection and sexual behaviors.	the association between cocaine use (crack and injection cocaine) and risky behaviors for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection was investigated among participants in a multi-site study at drug treatment and non-drug treatment sites in worcester, massachusetts. cocaine use was more prevalent among young, african-american men. compared to heroin injectors cocaine injectors had higher risk injection and sexual behaviors. among non-injectors, crack users were more likely to have multiple par ...	1995	7882875
aids among the homeless of boston: a cohort study.	we wanted to compare demographics, risk behaviors, aids-defining diagnoses, and survival between homeless and housed persons with aids in boston from 1983 to 1991. our retrospective cohort study used chart review to identify homeless aids cases and data from the massachusetts aids surveillance program for comparison of homeless and nonhomeless cases. seventy-two homeless and 1,536 nonhomeless boston residents were reported to have aids between jan. 1, 1983, and july 1, 1991. homeless persons wit ...	1995	7859142
failure of information as an intervention to modify clinical management. a time-series trial in patients with acute chest pain.	to test whether a low-intensity, nonintrusive intervention improved the efficiency of management of patients with acute chest pain.	1995	7856992
the economic burden imposed by a residual case of eastern encephalitis.	to estimate the economic burden imposed by eastern encephalitis (ee), we identified a series of residents of eastern massachusetts who had survived ee infection and enumerated any costs that could be attributed to their experience. the records of three people who suffered only a transient episode of disease were analyzed as well as those of three who suffered severe residual sequelae. transiently affected subjects mainly required assistance for direct medical services; the average total cost per ...	1995	7856830
hans-lukas teuber: a tribute.	hans-lukas teuber (1916-1977) was one of the most influential neuropsychologists of his generation. in the first part of his career he headed the psychophysiology laboratory at the new york university--bellevue medical center. there he and his associates played a major role in establishing human neuropsychology as a rigorous experimental science closely linked to contemporary neurophysiology and experimental psychology. in the second part of his career he founded the department of psychology at ...	1994	7833648
proinsulin processing in the regulated and the constitutive secretory pathway.	proinsulin is converted to insulin in beta-cell granules. conversion involves endoproteolytic cleavage at the two pairs of basic residues linking the insulin a- and b-chains to c-peptide. the sequence of events leading to complete conversion differs from one proinsulin species to the next. in man, the structure of the proinsulin molecule is such as to favour cleavage at the b-chain/c-peptide junction leading to the generation of des-31,32 split proinsulin as the predominant, naturally occurring ...	1994	7821742
wear your hat: representational resistance in safer sex discourse.	through an analysis of four posters used by the aids action committee of massachusetts, this article asks how representation can effectively promote safer sex practices. the images under investigation have different targeted groups--one is aimed at african-american men, one at latinas, and two at gay men. using a frame-work that connects definitions of sex in the respective communities with differences surrounding gender, race, and class, the imagery is unpacked in order to expose the effects of ...	1994	7798606
reducing employee back injuries in the perioperative setting.	an ergonomic consultant conducted an evaluation of a 14-room surgical suite that had a high rate of employee back injuries. the consultant made five specific recommendations regarding moving patients, maneuvering carts and equipment, using gallbladder boards, walking on wet floors, and accessing power outlets. most of the recommendations were implemented and well received. eighteen months after the implementation of the consultant's recommendations, there was a 25% reduction in the number of bac ...	1995	7632048
movement and distribution of arsenic in the aberjona watershed.	the distribution and movement of arsenic was investigated on the aberjona watershed in eastern massachusetts for the purpose of identifying where and by what processes present and past human exposures to this element could have occurred. it was found that although most of the arsenic was originally released in the headwaters of the watershed, extensive migration had occurred, and the potential for human exposure existed far from designated hazardous waste sites. both surface water and groundwate ...	1995	7621797
a model clinic for the initial evaluation and establishment of primary care for persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus.	the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients on initial presentation to primary medical care may have extensive problems relating to medical, substance abuse, psychiatric, and social issues. we examined a model for the initiation of primary medical care for patients infected with hiv at a public hospital and presented the clinical, educational, and research benefits associated with such a clinic.	1995	7618986
the incidence of herpes zoster.	there are few population-based studies of the natural history and epidemiology of herpes zoster. although a relatively common cause of morbidity, especially among the elderly, contemporary estimates of herpes zoster incidence are lacking. herein we describe a population-based investigation of incident and recurrent herpes zoster from 1990 through 1992 in a health maintenance organization.	1995	7618983
the paul kallós memorial lecture. from slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis to leukotriene c4 synthase.	the hypothesis of 35 years ago that slowreacting substance of anaphylaxis would prove to be a pathobiologic mediator of reversible airway disease in the human has been validated. the multidisciplinary approach required to achieve this goal has been particularly prominent and consistent for the entire period in the program described in this presentation.	1995	7613129
human granulocytic ehrlichiosis in massachusetts.		1995	7611594
adolescents' preferences regarding human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-related physician counseling and hiv testing.	to assess adolescents' preferences regarding human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-related physician counseling and hiv testing.	1995	7596723
assessing historical exposures of children to power-frequency magnetic fields.	one risk factor for human cancer currently being studied is residential exposure to power-frequency magnetic fields. a key problem in such research is how best to use contemporaneous measurements to assess past magnetic-field exposures. the main goal of the research presented in this paper was to examine the effectiveness of various surrogate measures in predicting historical exposures and to determine if residential power consumptions and the loads served by neighborhood electric networks could ...	1994	7549471
reconciling science and policy in setting federal drinking water standards--four states' perspectives.	after almost 20 years of experience with implementing the safe drinking water act and eight with amendments to the act, the individual states within the united states have gained valuable experience while trying to reconcile the legal mandates provided by the statutes with the science underlying them. this paper presents four different topics illustrating the problems of reconciling these two issues in the regulation of toxic chemicals in drinking waters. it presents these from the perspectives ...	1995	7494897
[a professor from harvard looks about for synergy instead for conflicts: promote health and human rights--two targets that complement each other].		1995	7490948
medical decisions for incompetent adults: the spring case i.		1980	7449376
human babesiosis on nantucket island: prevalence of babesia microti in ticks.	in order to derive direct evidence implicating ixodes dammini as a vector of human babesiosis, we determined the prevalence of babesia microti infection in nymphal i. dammini collected on nantucket island. in experiments in the laboratory we found that nymphs remained attached to hamsters for about 3 days. babesial infection was transmitted more often during 54 hours of attachment then during 36 or 48 hours. since parasites were demonstrable in salivary glands solely after 48 hours, we derived a ...	1980	7435782
consultation to a puerto rican drug abuse program.	the increasing number of hispanics residing within the united states requires the development of human service programs which are culturally and linguistically relevant to this population. the area of drug abuse is no exception to this need. however, the limited amount of resources targeted to serve drug-addicted hispanics has required the development of innovative strategies to maximize existing resources. the development of collaborative programs for reaching hispanic addicts and their familie ...	1980	7435484
a cluster of infants born with trisomy 18.		1980	7350419
nitrite stability and nitrosation potential in human gastric juice.	human gastric juice samples were investigated from high- and low-risk areas (colombia and boston) for factors which influence the stability of nitrite and its potential for nitrosamine formation. the samples from individuals with chronic atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia were not reactive to nitrite and supported a rate of nitrosation largely compatible with the nitrite and thiocyanate concentration. the samples from other individuals contained factors which destroyed nitrite and inhi ...	1981	7317877
epidemiology of human babesiosis on nantucket island.	between 1969 and 1977, 14 persons with parasitologically confirmed babesia microti infections and seven persons with antibody titers to b. microti greater than or equal to 1:1,024 were identified on nantucket island, massachusetts. nineteen of these 21 persons were interviewed. about half were permanent residents of nantucket; the others spent most of their summers on the island. there were 12 women and seven men. patients ranged in age from 23 to 86 years; all of those with parasitologically co ...	1981	7283012
issues encountered in an attempt to implement a second-generation management information system.	human service organization are beset by internal and external requests for information. as the scale and complexity of such delivery systems has increased, the use of computer-based information systems has become a necessity. the evolution of a client information system in a large, decentralized mental health center is reviewed in this paper to illustrate several critical issues that can be encountered in the application of computer-based technology to human services. an analysis of the center's ...	1981	7255661
perinatal echovirus infection: risk of transmission during a community outbreak.	during a community outbreak of enterovirus infection, seven of 194 pregnant women (3.6 per cent) were found to be excreting a prime strain of echovirus 11 at term. each of the seven women possessed serum neutralizing echovirus 11 antibody in titers ranging from 1:20 to 1:320, and the cord serum of their seven infants had antibody in titers of 1:10 to 1:640. none of these seven infants became ill, but four were shedding virus from the respiratory or gastrointestinal tract by three days of age. in ...	1981	7254269
recovery of parasitic nematodes from fish by digestion or elution.	two methods, digestion and elution, were used to recover parasitic nematodes from 470 flatfish belonging to species in the family pleuronectidae. samples of similar fish were collected from market lots; half of each sample was subjected to digestion, and half was subjected to elution (sedimentation). the edible (flesh) and the inedible (viscera) portions of each fish were analyzed separately. the total number of nematodes recovered by digestion was 1,110, which was not significantly greater than ...	1981	7235710
babesiosis in post-splenectomy hosts.	two persons who had been splenectomized later contracted babesiosis, one on cape cod and one near islip, long island, areas where human cases of babesiosis had not been previously identified. one of the patients received pentamidine, but parasitemia persisted after therapy. no deaths have been recorded for persons who had had splenectomies and were later infected with babesia microti. until more effective therapy is available, such patients should be treated conservatively.	1980	7192058
human babesiosis in north america.		1980	7189910
harvard accused of impropriety.		1982	7133127
abortion legislation. implications for medicine.	the legal ramifications of proposed legislation to prohibit abortion and to confer personhood on fetuses are examined in terms of their effect on the rights and liability of physicians and pregnant women in decisions involving maternal versus fetal health and life. other possible consequences include the prohibition of certain contraceptive methods, effect on property and inheritance rights of fetuses, and restriction of important fetal research. the negative impact of a massachusetts law limi ...	1982	7097944
choline content of mothers' milk in ecuador and boston.		1982	7054668
reservoir hosts of human babesiosis on nantucket island.	the host range of babesia microti was studied on nantucket island in order to identify the enzootic reservoir of this human pathogen. white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) were more frequently parasitized than were other indigenous animals. infection was ubiquitous in locations where deer were abundant. mice were most frequently parasitemic during spring and summer and adults more frequently than juveniles. parasitemia, which was rarely intense, was sustained for as long as 4 months. mice live ...	1981	7020449
shields warren: the legend and the man.		1980	7018223
franz j. ingelfinger: the man.		1981	7009314
on epidemics, metaphors and madness.		1980	6991954
nursing's fifth column.		1981	6910952
adolescents' knowledge of consent laws in a massachusetts community.		1980	6899032
a theoretical model of the physiological dynamics of circulatory disease in human populations.		1983	6873927
learning from anesthesia mishaps: analysis of critical incidents in anesthesia helps reduce patient risk.	human error and mechanical failure in anesthesia frequently cause incidents which, if not detected and corrected in time, could lead to increased patient morbidity or mortality. a study was conducted to analyze the human and technical factors that contribute to such incidents. the data thus obtained proved useful in reducing preventable anesthesia mishaps in specific institutions and generated recommendations for improving anesthesia practice in general.	1981	6787496
spotted fever group rickettsiae in dermacentor variabilis from cape cod, massachusetts.	spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae were identified by indirect immunofluorescent antibody tests in 1.1% of 6,956 specimens of dermacentor variabilis collected on cape cod, massachusetts. forty-one of 45 rickettsial isolates were serotyped as rickettsia montana, one as rickettsia rickettsii, and three were unidentified. studies of canines and humans with clinical evidence of spotted fever, and of healthy dogs with antibody to sfg rickettsiae, indicated that exposure of the canine population to ...	1980	6773430
nutrition classics. transactions of the association of american physicians, volume 75, 1962, pages 307-320. experimental nutritional folate deficiency in man. by victor herbert.		1982	6752773
epidemiology of coronary heart disease: the framingham study.	coronary heart disease continues to be the number one cause of death in most northern european, north american and other industrialized caucasian societies. by the age of 60, every fifth man and one in 17 women have some form of this disease. one in 15 men and women will eventually have a stroke. other cardiovascular diseases related to atherosclerosis are also important. epidemiologic (prospective) studies enable one to predict most of the potential victims of cardiovascular disease, years befo ...	1984	6702862
ann hargreaves returns from fact-finding in el salvador.		1983	6551626
legislation raising the legal drinking age in massachusetts from 18 to 20: effect on 16 and 17 year-olds.	the 1979 massachusetts law raising the legal drinking age from 18 to 20 is examined--the effects on the drinking, drinking and driving, and nonfatal and fatal crash involvement of 16-17 yr-olds, teenagers immediately younger than those targeted by the law. data from massachusetts are compared with those from new york state, where the drinking age remained at 18. a total of 3 yr of survey data from the two states and 6 yr of data from the department of transportation's fatal accident reporting sy ...	1984	6521479
special educational ideology and political-economic conservatism.	in the united states, the educational and human service systems, in addition to the attitudes and behaviors of the professionals associated with these systems, are being shaped to a lesser or greater extent by the scandinavian ideology termed normalization. this paper examines such a belief system through a special education ideology scale developed by the author and administered to school committee members and superintendents in 16 communities in the commonwealth of massachusetts. the scale dis ...	1980	6450176
a simultaneous outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus type 3 in a newborn nursery.	over a 3-week period, 20 of 34 (59%) infants in a newborn nursery developed nosocomial viral respiratory tract disease. either respiratory syncytial virus (seven infants) or parainfluenza virus type 3 (five) or both (two) were demonstrated in respiratory secretions from 14 of the 20 symptomatic patients. symptoms in the 20 infants included rhinitis (15 infants), cough (14), apnea (eight), pulmonary infiltrates (seven), and fever (six). there were no differences in symptoms between children infec ...	1984	6325655
a population study of herpesvirus infections and hla antigens.	in a population-based study of herpesvirus infection and human leukocyte antigen (hla) phenotype, conducted during the period 1977-1979 in the framingham study cohort, hla-bw16 was found less often and hla-cw2 more often in individuals with histories of herpes labialis than in other individuals. similarly, both geometric mean antibody titer to herpes simplex type 1 and proportion of individuals with detectable antibody were higher in those without bw16 and in those with cw2. no strong associatio ...	1982	6280494
mhc determinants of response to rh immunization.	the demonstration of immune response genes in man has been difficult, although there is evidence for genes linked to the mhc in mouse and guinea pig that control both the specificity and magnitude of immune responses. a number of features of the antibody response to the rh d antigen, such as the failure of some individuals at risk to respond, the restricted immunoglobulin class, subclass, and light chain type of the antibody produced, and the presumed minor structural difference between rh d ant ...	1984	6197442
potential use of shared antigens for immunization against gram-negative bacillary infections.	the demonstration of common antigens shared by all enterobacteriaceae has led to evaluation of the effects of immunization of animals and man with these antigens in protecting against bacterial infections and challenge with lps. both active and passive immunization with the re mutant of s. minnesota and the j5 mutant of e. coli afforded significant protection to mice and rabbits against lethal challenge with viable bacteria and heterologous lps. kdo appears to be the antigenic determinant respon ...	1980	6163155