Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| evidence for the contribution of the mehler-peroxidase reaction in dissipating excess electrons in drought-stressed wheat. | gross o2 evolution and uptake by attached, drought-stressed leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum) were measured using a 16o2/ 18o2 isotope technique and mass spectrometry. the activity of photosystem ii, determined from the rate of 16o2 evolution, is only slightly affected under drought conditions. during drought stress, net co2 uptake decreases due to stomatal closure, whereas the uptake of 18o2 is stimulated. the main o2-consuming reactions in the light are the mehler-peroxidase (mp) reaction an ... | 1996 | 12226390 |
| germin gene expression is induced in wheat leaves by powdery mildew infection. | germin gene expression is induced in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) leaves by powdery mildew (erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici) infection. germin is a protein marker for early cereal development and is an oxalate oxidase, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of oxalate to co2 and h2o2. the induction of germin gene expression by powdery mildew infection is consistent with the importance of h2o2 to plant defense and identifies a mechanism for the elevation of h2o2 levels in wheat leaves. germin m ... | 1996 | 12226325 |
| in vivo and in vitro phosphorylation of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase from wheat seeds during germination. | phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (pepc) activity was detected in the aleurone endosperm of wheat (triticum aestivum cv chinese spring) seeds, and specific anti-sorghum c4 pepc polyclonal anti-bodies cross-reacted with 103- and 100-kd polypeptides present in dry seeds and seeds that had imbibed; in addition, a new, 108-kd polypeptide was detected 6 h after imbibition. the use of specific anti-phosphorylation-site immunoglobulin g (aps-igg) identified the presence of a phosphorylation motif equival ... | 1996 | 12226309 |
| induction of male sterility in wheat by meiotic-stage water deficit is preceded by a decline in invertase activity and changes in carbohydrate metabolism in anthers. | water deficit during meiosis in pollen mother cells of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) induces male sterility, which can reduce grain set by 40 to 50%. in plants stressed during meiosis and then rewatered, division of pollen mother cells proceeds normally but subsequent pollen development is arrested 3 or 4 d later. an inhibition of starch accumulation within the pollen grain suggested that an alteration in carbohydrate metabolism or assimilate supply may be involved in pollen abortion. we measured ... | 1996 | 12226280 |
| subcellular visualization of gene transcripts encoding key proteins of the chlorophyll accumulation process in developing chloroplasts. | the coordination of the synthesis of chlorophyll (chl) and light-harvesting chl proteins was determined by observing the sequence of appearance of the specific mrnas for the nuclear genes chlh, por, and lhcb1*2 (ab180). chlh encodes a magnesium protoporphyrin chelatase subunit that is involved in the first committed step in chl biosynthesis; por encodes protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase, which catalyzes the penultimate and only light-dependent step in chl biosynthesis; and lhcb1*2 encodes light ... | 1996 | 12226243 |
| peroxygenase-catalyzed fatty acid epoxidation in cereal seeds (sequential oxidation of linoleic acid into 9(s),12(s),13(s)-trihydroxy-10(e)-octadecenoic acid). | peroxygenase-catalyzed epoxidation of oleic acid in preparations of cereal seeds was investigated. the 105,000g particle fraction of oat (avena sativa) seed homogenate showed high peroxygenase activity, i.e. 3034 [plus or minus] 288 and 2441 [plus or minus] 168 nmol (10 min)-1 mg-1 protein in two cultivars, whereas the corresponding fraction obtained from barley (hordeum vulgare and hordeum distichum), rye (secale cereale), and wheat (triticum aestivum) showed only weak activity, i.e. 13 to 138 ... | 1996 | 12226220 |
| aluminum interactions with voltage-dependent calcium transport in plasma membrane vesicles isolated from roots of aluminum-sensitive and -resistant wheat cultivars. | the role of al interactions with root-cell plasma membrane (pm) ca2+ channels in al toxicity and resistance was studied. the experimental approach involved the imposition of a transmembrane electrical potential (via k+ diffusion) in right-side-out pm vesicles derived from roots of two wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars (al-sensitive scout 66 and al-resistant atlas 66). we previously used this technique to characterize a voltage-dependent ca2+ channel in the wheat root pm (j.w. huang, d.l. gr ... | 1996 | 12226204 |
| photosystem ii excitation pressure and development of resistance to photoinhibition (ii. adjustment of photosynthetic capacity in winter wheat and winter rye). | winter wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv monopol), spring wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv katepwa), and winter rye (secale cereale l. cv musketeer) grown at 5[deg]c and moderate irradiance (250 [mu]mol m-2 s-1) (5/250) exhibit an increased tolerance to photoinhibition at low temperature in comparison to plants grown at 20[deg]c and 250 [mu]mol m-2 s-1 (20/250). however, 5/250 plants exhibited a higher photosystem ii (psii) excitation pressure (0.32-0.63) than 20/250 plants (0.18-0.21), measured as 1 ... | 1996 | 12226171 |
| constitutively elevated levels of putrescine and putrescine-generating enzymes correlated with oxidant stress resistance in conyza bonariensis and wheat. | oxidant stress resistance in conyza bonariensis and wheat (triticum aestivum) has been correlated with high levels of antioxidant enzyme activities. additionally, external oxidant stresses can increase a plant's levels of the enzymes of polyamine biosynthesis and polyamines, especially putrescine. we investigated the constitutive relationships between putrescine, putrescine-generating enzymes, and oxidant stress resistance in wheat and c. bonariensis. putrescine was constitutively elevated (2.5- ... | 1997 | 12223875 |
| so42- deprivation has an early effect on the content of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase and photosynthesis in young leaves of wheat. | wheat (triticum aestivum cv chinese spring) supplied with 0.45 mm so42- for 14 d with relative growth rates (rgr) of 0.22 to 0.24 d-1 was deprived of s for 7 to 8 d. there was no significant effect on rgr or leaf development (leaf 2 length was constant; leaf 3 expanded for 2-4 d; leaf 4 emerged and elongated throughout the experiment) during the s deprivation. in controls the net assimilation rate (a) closely reflected leaf ontogeny. s deprivation affected a in all leaves, particularly leaf 4, i ... | 1997 | 12223869 |
| sorption of aluminum to plasma membrane vesicles isolated from roots of scout 66 and atlas 66 cultivars of wheat. | to further elucidate the mechanisms of differential genotypic tolerance to al, plasma membrane (pm) vesicles were isolated from whole roots, root tips, and tipless roots of al3+-sensitive and al3+-tolerant cultivars (cv) of wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv scout 66 and cv atlas 66, respectively). vesicles from cv scout root tips sorbed more al than vesicles prepared from any other source. the intrinsic surface-charge density of vesicles isolated from cv scout was 26% more negative than vesicles fr ... | 1997 | 12223862 |
| possible involvement of al-induced electrical signals in al tolerance in wheat. | the relationship between al-induced depolarization of root-cell transmembrane electrical potentials (em) and al tolerance in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was investigated. al exposure induced depolarizations of em in the al-tolerant wheat cultivars atlas and et3, but not in the al-sensitive wheat cultivars scout and es3. the depolarizations of em occured in root cap cells and as far back as 10 mm from the root tip. the depolarization was specific to al3+; no depolarization was observed when root ... | 1997 | 12223834 |
| characterization of water channels in wheat root membrane vesicles. | the functional significance of water channels in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) root membranes was assessed using light scattering to measure vesicle shrinking in response to osmotic gradients rapidly imposed in a stopped flow apparatus. vesicles were obtained from both a plasma membrane fraction and a plasma membrane-depleted endomembrane fraction including tonoplast vesicles. osmotic water permeability (pos) in the endomembrane fraction was high (pos= 86.0 [mu]m s-1) with a low activation energy ... | 1997 | 12223824 |
| differential induction of lipoxygenase isoforms in wheat upon treatment with rust fungus elicitor, chitin oligosaccharides, chitosan, and methyl jasmonate. | a glycopeptide elicitor prepared from germ tubes of the rust fungus puccinia graminis pers. f. sp. tritici erikss. & henn (pgt), as well as chitin oligosaccharides, chitosan, and methyl jasmonate (mj) stimulated lipoxygenase (lox) activity (e.c. 1.13.11.12) in wheat (triticum aestivum) leaves. immunoblot analysis using anti-lox antibodies revealed the induction of 92- and 103-kd lox species after pgt elicitor treatment. in contrast, mj treatment led to a significant increase of a 100-kd lox spec ... | 1997 | 12223735 |
| importance of the chiral centers of jasmonic acid in the responses of plants (activities and antagonism between natural and synthetic analogs). | the importance of the two chiral centers at c-3 and c-7 in the molecular structure of jasmonic acid in plant responses was investigated. we separated methyl jasmonate (meja) into (3r)- and (3s)-isomers with a fixed stereochemistry at c-3, but epimerization at c-7 is possible. the four isomers of the nonepimerizable analog 7-methyl meja were synthesized. these six esters and their corresponding acids were tested in three bioassays: (a) senescence in sunflower (helianthus annuus) cotyledons; (b) p ... | 1997 | 12223716 |
| an electron paramagnetic resonance spin-probe study of membrane-permeability changes with seed aging. | we developed an electron paramagnetic resonance spin-probe technique to study changes in the barrier properties of plasma membranes in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seeds during aging under dry storage. the estimation of these barrier properties was based on the differential permeability of membranes for the stable free radical 4-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy and the broadening agent ferricyanide. the line-height ratio between the water and lipid components in the electron paramagnetic ... | 1997 | 12223711 |
| al-induced, 51-kilodalton, membrane-bound proteins are associated with resistance to al in a segregating population of wheat. | incorporation of 35s into protein is reduced by exposure to al in wheat (triticum aestivum), but the effects are genotype-specific. exposure to 10 to 75 [mu]m al had little effect on 35s incorporation into total protein, nuclear and mitochondrial protein, microsomal protein, and cytosolic protein in the al-resistant cultivar pt741. in contrast, 10 [mu]m al reduced incorporation by 21 to 38% in the al-sensitive cultivar katepwa, with effects becoming more pronounced (31-62%) as concentrations of ... | 1997 | 12223709 |
| direct evaluation of the ca2+-displacement hypothesis for al toxicity. | one explanation for al toxicity in plants suggests that al displaces ca2+ from critical sites in the apoplasm. we evaluated the ca2+-displacement hypothesis directly using near-isogenic lines of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) that differ in al tolerance at a single locus. we measured both the growth and total accumulation (apoplasmic plus symplasmic) of 45ca and al into roots that had been exposed to al alone or to al with other cations. root growth in the al-sensitive line was found to be severel ... | 1997 | 12223678 |
| osmotic stress suppresses cell wall stiffening and the increase in cell wall-bound ferulic and diferulic acids in wheat coleoptiles. | the relationship between the mechanical properties of cell walls and the levels of wall-bound ferulic (fa) and diferulic (dfa) acids was investigated in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) coleoptiles grown under osmotic stress (60 mm polyethylene glycol [peg] 4000) conditions. the cell walls of stressed coleoptiles remained extensible compared with those of the unstressed ones. the contents of wall-bound fa and dfa increased under unstressed conditions, but the increase was substantially reduced by os ... | 1997 | 12223657 |
| al partitioning patterns and root growth as related to al sensitivity and al tolerance in wheat. | studies of al partitioning and accumulation and of the effect of al on the growth of intact wheat (triticum aestivum l.) roots of cultivars that show differential al sensitivity were conducted. the effects of various al concentrations on root growth and al accumulation in the tissue were followed for 24 h. at low external al concentrations, al accumulation in the root tips was low and root growth was either unaffected or stimulated. calculations based on regression analysis of growth and al accu ... | 1997 | 12223623 |
| purification and characterization of a [beta]-d-xylosidase and an endo-xylanase from wheat flour. | a [beta]-d-xylosidase and an endo-xylanase were purified from european wheat (triticum aestivum) flour. the [beta]-d-xylosidase had a molecular weight of approximately 64,000 and an isoelectric point of 5.5. it hydrolyzed p-nitrophenyl-[beta]-d-xylopyranoside and xylo-oligosaccharides and released d-xylose units from wheat arabinoxylan and oat spelts xylan. an endo-xylanase with a molecular weight of approximately 55,000 was also obtained and it consisted of a number of isoforms with isoelectric ... | 1997 | 12223612 |
| [effect of clipping at seedling stage on growth and yield of spring wheat]. | the compensation for spring wheat (triticum aestivum) under simulated herbivory stress by clipping was examined in a semi-arid region of gansu province in 1996. the results showed that clipping at seedling stage reduced spring wheat growth under two irrigation conditions. the yield of spring wheat generally under-compensated the clipping effect. heavy clipping (cutting all leaves above the ground, t0, t1) resulted in a more serious reduction in yield, compared with light clipping cutting half of ... | 2002 | 12222043 |
| combinatorial labelling of dna probes enables multicolour fluorescence in situ hybridisation in plants. | this paper demonstrates a simple but effective use of combinatorial probes to label plant chromosomes by multicolour fluorescence in situ hybridisation (fish). three different dna probes were labelled with only two different fluorophores, hybridised to somatic metaphase chromosomes of secale cereale and triticum aestivum, simultaneously visualised, and unequivocally distinguished in a single fish experiment. combinatorial labelling can augment karyotypical investigations, physical mapping of chr ... | 2002 | 12219843 |
| flow cytometric analyses of intraplant nuclear dna content variation induced by sticky chromosomes. | in several plant species, sticky chromosomes are a consequence of genetic mutations or environmental effects on mitosis and meiosis. sticky chromosomes result in an unequal distribution of genetic material in daughter cells. this unequal distribution is hypothesized to result in an increase in the coefficient of variation (cv) of the g1 peak of dividing cells. | 2002 | 12210609 |
| transport interactions between cadmium and zinc in roots of bread and durum wheat seedlings. | field studies have shown that the addition of zn to cd-containing soils can help reduce accumulation of cd in crop plants. to understand the mechanisms involved, this study used 109cd and 65zn to examine the transport interactions of zn and cd at the root cell plasma membrane of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and durum wheat (triticum turgidum l. var. durum). results showed that cd2+ uptake was inhibited by zn2+ and zn2+ uptake was inhibited by cd2+. concentration-dependent uptake of both cd ... | 2002 | 12207664 |
| mapping quantitative trait loci for plant height in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) using a f2:3 population. | to detect quantitative trait loci (qtls) controlling plant height, the plant height of 240 f2:3 lines derived from the cross of a dwarf wheat line nd3338 with a tall line f390, was assessed in field trials at two locations with three replications in 2000 and 2001. microsatellite markers were used to construct a framework linkage map containing 215 loci with 21 linkage groups, and covering the whole genome about 3600cm. with the method of interval mapping, seven putative qtls affecting plant heig ... | 2002 | 12200862 |
| relationships between digestibilities of food components and characteristics of wheats (triticum aestivum) introduced as the only cereal source in a broiler chicken diet. | 1. the aim of the experiment was to establish relationships between chemical or physical characteristics of wheats (triticum aestivum) and digestibilities of food components in broiler chickens fed on wheat-based diets. twenty-two wheat samples, each differing by their cultivar origin, were included at 550 g/kg in diets offered to male ross broiler chicks. the other main ingredients were soya bean meal (340 g/kg) and rapeseed oil (68.5 g/kg). diets were given as pellets. 2. in vitro viscosities ... | 2002 | 12195800 |
| [screening for resistance gene candidate from a genomic tac library of triticum aestivum-haynaldia villosa translocation line 6vs/6al by pooled pcr]. | a pair of degenerate primers were designed based on nbs (nucleotide binding site, nbs) domain of resistance(r) gene and used to perform pcr with cdna from the translocation line 6vs/6al of triticum aestivum-haynaldia villosa. a clone (n7) characterized with nbs was obtained by sequencing analysis. two specific primers were designed from the n7 sequence and used to screen a genomic tac (transformation-competent artificial chromosome, tac) library of 6vs/6al consisting of ca. 2 x 10(6) clones. the ... | 2002 | 12192864 |
| a mycorrhiza-responsive protein in wheat roots. | a small protein, designated myk15, was found to be strongly induced in wheat ( triticum aestivum) roots colonized by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus intraradices. this protein, which is most abundant in root fractions characterized by strong mycorrhizal colonization, has been characterized using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and microsequencing. it has an apparent molecular mass of 15 kda and an isoelectric point of 4.5. the n-terminal sequence has high similarity t ... | 2002 | 12189477 |
| molecular cloning, characterization and mapping of a rhodanese like gene in wheat. | to isolate genes related to resistance to erysiphe graminis (blumeria graminis) dc. f. sp. tritici in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), differential display analysis was conducted for mrna extracted from seedlings of a wheat-haynaldia villosa 6vs/6al translocation line 92r137 that contains a powdery mildew resistance gene pm21. a full-length cdna sequence named tatst (triticum aestivum thiosulfate sulfurtransferase) homologous to the thiosulfate sulfurtransferase (rhodanese) in datisca glomerata was ... | 2002 | 12182084 |
| [factors affecting agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of wheat (triticum aestivum l.)]. | immature embryos and embryo-derived calli from two cultivars of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.), bau146 and bau170, were transformed with three strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens, agl-1, eha105 and lba4404 harboring expression vector p3301 or pbtaab. both vectors contained bar gene and p3301 contained also gus gene with an intron. the highest explant survival rate and transformation efficiency was obtained when the bacterial cell density was od600 1.0 with 1 h of infection incubation. high ... | 2002 | 12182083 |
| [identification of blue grained wheat and its irradiation-mutated offsprings by genomic in situ hybridization (gish)]. | transferring useful chromosome(s), chromosomal fragment(s) or genes from related species into common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) is an effective method for improving wheat cultivars, and dna:dna in situ hybridization has been proven to be an effective method for directly demonstrating alien chromosome number and distribution in plant. in this study, genomic in situ hybridization (gish) was used to identify the chromosomal constitutions of the blue-grained wheat blue-58 originated from distant h ... | 2002 | 12182082 |
| barley cbf3 gene identification, expression pattern, and map location. | although cold and drought adaptation in cereals and other plants involve the induction of a large number of genes, inheritance studies in triticeae (wheat [triticum aestivum], barley [hordeum vulgare], and rye [secale cereale]) have revealed only a few major loci for frost or drought tolerance that are consistent across multiple genetic backgrounds and environments. one might imagine that these loci could encode highly conserved regulatory factors that have global effects on gene expression; the ... | 0 | 12177491 |
| genomic targeting and high-resolution mapping of the domestication gene q in wheat. | the q locus is largely responsible for the domestication of bread wheat. q confers the free-threshing character of the spike and influences other important agronomic traits. using chromosome deletion lines, q was placed on the physical map within a submicroscopic segment of the long arm of chromosome 5a. we targeted markers to the segment by comparative mapping of anonymous rflp clones, aflp, and mrna differential display analysis of deletion lines 5al-7 and -23, which have deletion breakpoints ... | 2002 | 12175074 |
| assessment of genomic diversity among wheat genotypes as determined by simple sequence repeats. | simple sequence repeats (ssrs) have been used to examine the genomic diversity of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) germplasm. thirteen wheat genotypes of diverse origin were analyzed with 43 selected ssrs to provide uniform and maximum genome coverage. a total of 156 allelic variants were detected at 43 ssr loci, ranging from two to eight per locus with an average of 3.6. the polymorphic information content (pic) values of the loci ranged from 0.10 (xgwm264) to 0.89 (xgwm471 and xgwm577). genetic si ... | 2002 | 12175067 |
| simulated effects of crop rotations and residue management on wind erosion in wuchuan, west-central inner mongolia, china. | for decades, wind erosion has triggered dust and sand storms, buffeting beijing and areas of northwestern china to the point of being hazardous to human health while rapidly eroding crop and livestock productivity. the epic (environmental policy integrated climate) field-scale simulation model was used to assess long-term effects of improved crop rotations and crop residue management practices on wind erosion in wuchuan county in inner mongolia. simulation results indicate that preserving crop s ... | 2002 | 12175042 |
| regulation of sucrose and starch synthesis in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) leaves: role of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate. | fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (f26bp) is a competitive inhibitor of the cytosolic fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (cytfbpase, ec 3.1.3.11). in spinach (spinacia oleracea l.) leaves it is a significant component of the complex regulatory network that co-ordinates rates of photosynthesis, sucrose synthesis and starch synthesis. however the role of f26bp has only been studied in plants that predominantly store starch in their leaves and its role in other species is not clear. this paper examines the signif ... | 2002 | 12172849 |
| assessment of plant uptake of radioactive nickel from soils. | as a result of isotopic dilution, the availability to plants of radioisotopes introduced into the soil solution should be directly related to the size of the isotopically exchangeable pool (e(t))-value). this work was undertaken to test this hypothesis for the radionuclide 63ni. the demonstration was based on pot experiments conducted with seven soils representing a large range of ni content (from 9.9 mg kg(-1) to 862.6 mg kg(-1)) which were mixed with a 63nicl2 solution (100 kbq kg(-1)). three ... | 2002 | 12171471 |
| differential stress responses of early salt-stress responding genes in common wheat. | four early salt-stress responding genes (wesr1-4) in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were analyzed for their temporal accumulation of mrna during salt stress, osmotic stress and abscisic acid (aba) treatment. all genes showed transient stimulation by 0.15 m nacl treatment. wesr1 and wesr2 were induced by both osmotic stress and exogenous aba treatment. wesr3 responded to exogenous aba, but not to osmotic stress. wesr4 did not show significant response to either osmotic stress or exogenous ab ... | 2002 | 12169305 |
| allergologic exploration of germins and germin-like proteins, a new class of plant allergens. | germins and the related germin-like proteins (glps) are glycoproteins expressed in many plants in response to biotic and abiotic stress. to test the potential impact of germins and glps, recombinant germin from triticum aestivum (tgermin) and glps from arabidopsis thaliana (tglp), both produced in transformed tobacco plants, were used. | 2002 | 12169176 |
| toxicity of methyl tert-butyl ether to plants (avena sativa, zea mays, triticum aestivum, and lactuca sativa). | influence of methyl tert-butyl ether (mtbe) on the germination of seeds and growth of seedling plants were studied in laboratory experiments. test plants were wild oats (avena sativa), sweet corn (zea mays), wheat (triticum aestivum), and lettuce (lactuca sativa). seed germination, shoot growth, and root growth of plants exposed to different concentrations of mtbe in a moist soil were examined. seed germination and seedling growth in mtbe-contaminated soil were markedly reduced in all test plant ... | 2002 | 12152769 |
| effects of earthworm (eisenia fetida) and wheat (triticum aestivum) straw additions on selected properties of petroleum-contaminated soils. | current bioremediation techniques for petroleum-contaminated soils are designed to remove contaminants as quickly and efficiently as possible, but not necessarily with postremediation soil biological quality as a primary objective. to test a simple postbioremediation technique, we added earthworms (eisenia fetida) or wheat (triticum aestivum) straw to petroleum land-farm soil and measured biological quality of the soil as responses in plant growth, soil respiration, and oil and grease (o&g) and ... | 2002 | 12152766 |
| the effects of chromosomes 3a and 3b on resistance to fusarium head blight in tetraploid wheat. | fusarium head blight (fhb) caused by fusarium graminearum is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat in areas where the weather is warm and humid after heading. previous studies indicate that the level of resistance to fhb varies not only among wheat cultivars but also among some of their wild relatives. no accession, however, has yet been identified to be completely immune to fhb among the gramineae. it is known that durum wheat (triticum turgidum l. conv. durum) is consistently more susc ... | 2001 | 12152348 |
| search for partial resistance to leaf rust in a collection of ancient spanish wheats. | a collection of 917 accessions of spanish durum and bread wheat was screened for resistance to leaf rust (puccinia triticina) under field conditions at three locations. resistance levels ranged from very low to very high, high susceptibility being most frequent. relative disease severity (referred to the most susceptible accession = 100%) was lower than 20% in about 6% of the accessions in each location. in the collection most of the lines (84%) displayed a susceptible infection type. a final se ... | 2001 | 12152334 |
| the triticeae genetic resources of central italy: collection, evaluation and conservation. | one hundred and six landraces belonging to 7 species of the triticeae tribe were collected in central italy by dbvba (perugia university), dibiaga (ancona university) and arssa (abruzzo region agricultural development agency) in different individual and joint missions. a few accessions were supplied by private and other public organisations. triticum dicoccum schubler is the most widespread species, followed by t. aestivum l., t. monococcum l., t. spelta l., t. turgidum var. durum desf., secale ... | 2001 | 12152333 |
| a fertile amphiploid between durum wheat (triticum turgidum) and the x agroticum amphiploid (agropyron cristatum x t. tauschii). | agropyron (gaertn) is a genus of triticeae which includes the crested wheatgrass complex, i.e. a. cristatum (l.) as representative species containing the p genome. this species is an important source for increase the genetic variability of both durum and bread wheat. among the possible interesting features to be introgressed into wheat are resistance to wheat streak mosaic virus, rust diseases, and tolerance to drought, cold and moderate salinity. by crossing tetraploid wheat (triticum turgidum ... | 2001 | 12152332 |
| identification of intergenomic translocations involving wheat, hordeum vulgare and hordeum chilense chromosomes by fish. | intergenomic translocations between wheat, hordeum chilense and hordeum vulgare have been obtained in tritordeum background. advanced lines from the crosses between three disomic chromosome addition lines for chromosome 2hv, 3hv, and 4hv of barley (hordeum vulgare) in triticum aestivum cv. chinese spring (cs) and hexaploid tritordeum (2n = 6x = 42, aabbhchhch) were analyzed. multicolor fish using both genomic dna from h. chilense and h. vulgare were used to establish the presence and numbers of ... | 2001 | 12152330 |
| development of a set of triticum aestivum-aegilops tauschii introgression lines. | new wheat introgression lines were obtained which contain different segments of individual chromosomes of aegilops tauschii in the triticum aestivum cv. 'chinese spring' background. the introgression lines were developed to examine various subsets of alleles from the wild grass in the genetic background of common wheat. as starting point substitution lines of 'chinese spring' in which single chromosomes of the d genome had been replaced by homologous chromosomes of a synthetic wheat were used. s ... | 2001 | 12152326 |
| detection of alien chromosomes from s-genome species in the addition/substitution lines of bread wheat and visualization of a-, b- and d-genomes by gish. | a modified approach based on the gish technique for detecting introgressed chromosomes/chromosome arms from closely related s-genome species to wheat genome and for visualization of a-, b- and d-genomes of triticum aestivum l. (genome aabbdd, 2n = 6x = 42) is presented. for detecting alien chromosomes we investigated two lines of bread wheat, one is an addition line with a pair of chromosome no. 4 short arms from aegilops searsii (4sss) and a wheat substitution line with a pair of chromosomes no ... | 2001 | 12152324 |
| a family 11 xylanase from penicillium funiculosum is strongly inhibited by three wheat xylanase inhibitors. | steady-state kinetic approaches were used to investigate the binding of a novel penicillium funiculosum xylanase, xync, with three known xylanase inhibitor proteins from wheat (triticum aestivum). the xylanase gene (xync) was cloned from a p. funiculosum genomic library and the deduced amino acid sequence of xync exhibited high sequence similarity with fungal family 11 xylanases. xync was overexpressed in p. funiculosum and the product (xync: m(r)=23.6 kda; pi=3.7) purified and shown to efficien ... | 2002 | 12147340 |
| bioaccumulation of lanthanum and cerium and their effects on the growth of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings. | through short-term exposure (7-d exposure), long-term exposure (16-d exposure) and exposure-recovery (7-d exposure + 9-d recovery), the bioaccumulation and distribution of la and ce and their effects on growth of wheat seedlings were studied. addition of la (0.5-25 mg/l) and ce (0.5-25 mg/l) to the culture medium individually and in combination inhibited primary root elongation, reduced the dry weight of roots and shoots and the content of mineral elements (ca, mg, k, cu, zn). the damage increas ... | 2002 | 12143937 |
| [studies on fertility genes and its genetic characters in d2-type cms lines of common wheat]. | the kinds of fertility genes and its genetic characters for d2-type cms lines of common wheat were studied, the results showed: (1) for d2-type cms line, there was wide restoring sources and high digree of restoration in common wheat varieties (the restoring degree of 33.61% varieties exceeded 50%), and new cms lines were easily bred (25.21% varieties could maintain male sterility). these characters indicated that d2-type cms line was higher value in applied study, compared with t, k, v-type cms ... | 2002 | 12143315 |
| [development of new pcr markers specific to a thinopyrum intermedium chromosome 2ai-2 and cloning of the st-specific sequences]. | to meet the need of selecting translocation lines, some new rapd markers for 2ai-2 chromosome of th. intermedium were identified in the paper. out of 320 rapd primers, 2 specific primers, opo05 and opm04, can amplify respectively a specific band with size of about 650 bp and 1400 bp in the bydv resistant materials containing the chromosome 2ai-2, including th. intermedium, wheat-th. intermedium partial amphipoild zhong 4 awnless, addition lines z1, z2 and z6, f1(z2/wan7107) and substitute line z ... | 2002 | 12143313 |
| [morphology of wheat roots under low-phosphorus stress]. | the morphology of root systems of different wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes under low-phosphorus stress were studied to determine the effects of external factors on components of root system and the early morphological indicators related to phosphorus efficiency. the number of root axes and the length of lateral root of p-deficient plant were significantly lower than those of p-sufficient plant. the length of root axis and root system, and the number of lateral roots were sharply increase ... | 2002 | 12132156 |
| transcripts of vp-1 homeologues are misspliced in modern wheat and ancestral species. | the maize (zea mays) viviparous 1 (vp1) transcription factor has been shown previously to be a major regulator of seed development, simultaneously activating embryo maturation and repressing germination. hexaploid bread wheat (triticum aestivum) caryopses are characterized by relatively weak embryo dormancy and are susceptible to preharvest sprouting (phs), a phenomenon that is phenotypically similar to the maize vp1 mutation. analysis of vp-1 transcript structure in wheat embryos during grain d ... | 2002 | 12119408 |
| effects of metals on seed germination, root elongation, and coleoptile and hypocotyl growth in triticum aestivum and cucumis sativus. | a simple, fast, and easy-to-perform method was carried out for the quantification of the inhibitory effects of metals on wheat and cucumber. the method uses seed germination, root elongation, and hypocotyl and coleoptile growth in these plants as parameters in the presence of varying concentrations of metals. metals selected for this study were hg, cd, co, cu, pb, and zn. although effective concentrations of these metals for a certain degree of inhibition were different, both plants had a reduce ... | 2002 | 12115046 |
| cold-regulated cereal chloroplast late embryogenesis abundant-like proteins. molecular characterization and functional analyses. | cold acclimation and freezing tolerance are the result of complex interaction between low temperature, light, and photosystem ii (psii) excitation pressure. previous results have shown that expression of the wcs19 gene is correlated with psii excitation pressure measured in vivo as the relative reduction state of psii. using cdna library screening and data mining, we have identified three different groups of proteins, late embryogenesis abundant (lea) 3-l1, lea3-l2, and lea3-l3, sharing identiti ... | 2002 | 12114590 |
| proteomic analysis of amphiphilic proteins of hexaploid wheat kernels. | wheat proteins and specially gluten proteins have been well studied and are closely associated with baking products. amphiphilic proteins (proteins that are soluble using nonionic detergent triton x-114 ) also play an important role in wheat quality. some of them, like puroindolines, are lipid binding proteins, and are strongly linked to dough foaming properties and to fine crumb texture. however many amphiphilic proteins are still unknown and both their physiological and technological functions ... | 2002 | 12112842 |
| aluminium triggers malate-independent potassium release via ion channels from the root apex in wheat. | the regulatory mechanisms for the aluminium (al)-induced efflux of k(+) and malate from the root apex of al-resistant wheat ( triticum aestivum l. cv. atlas) were characterized. treatment with 20 mm tetraethylammonium (tea) chloride, a k(+)-channel inhibitor, blocked the al-induced k(+) efflux by 65%, but blocked the al-induced malate efflux only slightly. lanthanum (la(3+)) or ytterbium (yb(3+)) strongly inhibited the k(+) efflux, but slightly increased malate efflux. these lanthanides applied ... | 2002 | 12111222 |
| in vitro cytotoxic effect of bread wheat gliadin on the lovo human adenocarcinoma cell line. | the pathogenesis of celiac disease is not completely understood but, although the initial step of the process is still unclear, an altered immune response seems to play a major role. previous studies of the biological properties of gliadin have highlighted its cytotoxic effects, and the aim of this study was to develop an in vitro technique to study them. the lovo (human colon adenocarcinoma) cell line grown in two-dimensional cultures was exposed to different concentrations of digested bread wh ... | 2002 | 12110270 |
| cloning of thioredoxin h reductase and characterization of the thioredoxin reductase-thioredoxin h system from wheat. | thioredoxins h are ubiquitous proteins reduced by nadph- thioredoxin reductase (ntr). they are able to reduce disulphides in target proteins. in monocots, thioredoxins h accumulate at high level in seeds and show a predominant localization in the nucleus of seed cells. these results suggest that the ntr-thioredoxin h system probably plays an important role in seed physiology. to date, the study of this system in monocots is limited by the lack of information about ntr. in the present study, we d ... | 2002 | 12106017 |
| developmental traits affecting low-temperature tolerance response in near-isogenic lines for the vernalization locus vrn-a1 in wheat (triticum aestivum l. em thell). | investigation of low-temperature (lt) tolerance in cereals has commonly led to the region of the vyn-a1 vernalization gene or its homologue in related genomes. two cultivars, one a non-hardy spring wheat and one a very cold-hardy winter wheat, whose growth habits are determined by the vrn-a1 (spring habit) and vrn-a1 (winter habit) alleles, were chosen to produce reciprocal near-isogenic lines (nils). these lines were then used to determine the relationship between rate of phenological developme ... | 0 | 12099532 |
| the bioavailability of ferulic acid is governed primarily by the food matrix rather than its metabolism in intestine and liver in rats. | the physiologic importance of ferulic acid (fa), and notably its antioxidant properties, depends upon its availability for absorption and subsequent interaction with target tissues. because fa is widely present in cereals, the aim of the present study was to investigate its intestinal and hepatic metabolism in rats by in situ intestinal perfusion model (from 10 to 50 nmol/min), and its bioavailability in supplemented diets (from 10 to 250 micromol/d) or in a complex cereal matrix, i.e., whole fl ... | 2002 | 12097677 |
| [effects of the enhanced uv-b radiation on the body cell mitosis of the wheat]. | the chromosomal mutation and mitosis of the wheat (triticum aestivum, cv. 93-4736) were observed under the condition of the enhanced ultraviolet-b radiation. the results showed that the number of cells in mitosis of the uv-b treatments was 68.09% of the control, indicating that the uv-b treatment significantly inhibited division of root tip cells in wheat. using t-test at p < or = 0.05, there was a significant difference between the control and the treatments. the enhanced uv-b significantly inc ... | 2002 | 12096633 |
| [genetic analysis on restorer genes of d2-type cms lines of common wheat]. | on the basis of genetic characters of d2-type cms lines, restorer lines yi4060, m8003, 6d/6r, gr1, 960789, bao769-22-1 et al. were gained from crossing selection. the results of genetic analysis of f2, f1bc1 population and allelic analysis of restorer genes, successive selection of self fertility from f1 showed that fertility restoration of these restorer lines was controlled by two pair independent major-genes(dominant) and different-dosage minor genes. authors proposed that the two pair indepe ... | 2002 | 12096632 |
| characterization of two non-homoeologous nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial alternative oxidase in common wheat. | mitochondrial alternative oxidase (aox) is the terminal oxidase responsible for cyanide-insensitive and salicylhydroxamic acid-sensitive respiration. we have isolated two non-homoeologous genes (waox1a and waox1c) encoding aox proteins from common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). these two genes were orthologous to rice aox1a and aox1c, and their exon/intron structure was conserved, as it is in most other plant aox genes. southern blot analysis indicated that both waox1a and waox1c were located in ... | 2002 | 12087190 |
| genotypic and nutrition-dependent variation in water use efficiency and photosynthetic activity of leaves in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | effects of high and reduced npk nutrition on the genetic variation of components of water use efficiency at the leaf and whole-plant levels were examined in pot-grown old and modern cultivars of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.). at the subsequent growth stages, the photosynthetic rate (a), transpiration rate (e), leaf area (la) and gas exchange efficiency (a/e) were measured on fully developed 4th, 5th, penultimate and flag leaves. at the plant canopy level, the total amount of water transpir ... | 2002 | 12080171 |
| a simplified aflp method for fingerprinting of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars. | the simplified aflp method was developed and evaluated for identification and genetic diversity studies of wheat cultivars. selective primers exploited in aflp assay based on a single cutting enzyme psti ((psti)aflp) generated total of 111 robust fragments, including 67 (60%) monomorphic and 12 (11%) cultivar-specific markers. average similarity between 15 cultivars was 0.650, and varied from 0.293 ('hope' vs. 'aurora') to 0.865 ('norman' vs. 'hornet'). mean similarities within groups of winter ... | 2002 | 12080170 |
| chelate-assisted phytoextraction of lead from a contaminated soil using wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | 2002 | 12068937 | |
| molecular and structural analyses of a novel temperature stress-induced lipocalin from wheat and arabidopsis. | two cdnas corresponding to a novel lipocalin were identified from wheat and arabidopsis. the two cdnas designated tatil for triticum aestivum l. temperature-induced lipocalin and attil for arabidopsis thaliana temperature-induced lipocalin encode polypeptides of 190 and 186 amino acids respectively. structure analyses indicated the presence of the three structurally conserved regions that characterize lipocalins. sequence analyses revealed that this novel class of plant lipocalin shares homology ... | 2002 | 12062422 |
| male gametophyte development in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.): molecular, cellular, and biochemical analyses of a sporophytic contribution to pollen wall ontogeny. | bread wheat (hexaploid aabbdd genome; 16 billion basepairs) is a genetically complex, self-pollinating plant with bisexual flowers that produce short-lived pollen. very little is known about the molecular biology of its gametophyte development despite a longstanding interest in hybrid seeds. we present here a comprehensive characterization of three apparently homeologous genes (taa1a, taa1b and taa1c) and demonstrate their anther-specific biochemical function. these eight-exon genes, found at on ... | 2002 | 12061894 |
| genes encoding plastid acetyl-coa carboxylase and 3-phosphoglycerate kinase of the triticum/aegilops complex and the evolutionary history of polyploid wheat. | the classic wheat evolutionary history is one of adaptive radiation of the diploid triticum/aegilops species (a, s, d), genome convergence and divergence of the tetraploid (triticum turgidum aabb, and triticum timopheevii aagg) and hexaploid (triticum aestivum, aabbdd) species. we analyzed acc-1 (plastid acetyl-coa carboxylase) and pgk-1 (plastid 3-phosphoglycerate kinase) genes to determine phylogenetic relationships among triticum and aegilops species of the wheat lineage and to establish the ... | 2002 | 12060759 |
| [identification, mapping, and application of a chromosome-specific rapd marker from haynaldia villosa]. | random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis was performed on common wheat of chinese spring, addition lines of h. villosa chromosome in cs and h. villosum from different accessions with 100 random 10-base primers. a chromosome-specific polymorphic dna segment for h. villosa, opf02(750), was obtained from all addition lines of h. villosa chromosome in cs and h. villosum which belong to different accessions. the result amplified by primer opf02 of all addition lines of h. villosa chromosome i ... | 2002 | 12043575 |
| [genetic diversity revealed by issr molecular marker in common wheat, spelt, compactum and progeny of recurrent selection]. | it is important to estimate the genetic diversity between the parents for improving the heterosis of hybrid wheat. in this study, issr(inter-simple sequence repeat) marker was used to measure the genetic diversity within and among common wheat (triticum aestivum l.), spelt (triticum spelta l.), compactum (triticum compactum host.) and progeny of foreign wheat-based recurrent selection, and the possibility of establishing the new heterotic group was also assessed. forty seven genotypes were used ... | 2002 | 12043574 |
| functional and comparative bioinformatic analysis of expressed genes from wheat spikes infected with fusarium graminearum. | fusarium head blight, caused by the fungus fusarium graminearum, is a major disease on wheat (triticum aestivum l.). expressed sequence tags (ests) were used to identify genes expressed during the wheat-f. graminearum interaction. we generated 4,838 ests from a cdna library prepared from spikes of the partially resistant cultivar sumai 3 infected with f. graminearum. these ests were composed of 2,831 singlet (single-copy transcripts) and 715 contigs (multiple-copy transcripts) for a total of 3,5 ... | 2002 | 12036275 |
| activation volumes of processes linked to the phototransformation of protochlorophyllide determined by fluorescence spectroscopy at high pressure. | the photochemical activity of nadph:protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (por) was studied in etiolated wheat (triticum aestivum, l., cult. mv17) leaf homogenates. the kinetics of the transformation of protochlorophyllide into chlorophyllide was detected by fluorescence intensity changes at 690 nm (formation of chlorophyllide) and 655 nm (decay of protochlorophyllide) at 20 degrees c, excited at 440 nm while the pressure was varied between 0.1 and 400 mpa. both kinetics could be fitted by two expo ... | 2002 | 12034465 |
| hordoindolines are associated with a major endosperm-texture qtl in barley (hordeum vulgare). | endosperm texture has a tremendous impact on the end-use quality of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). cultivars of barley (hordeum vulgare l.), a close relative of wheat, also vary measurably in grain hardness. however, in contrast to wheat, little is known about the genetic control of barley grain hardness. puroindolines are endosperm-specific proteins found in wheat and its relatives. in wheat, puroindoline sequence variation controls the majority of wheat grain texture variation. hordoindolines, ... | 2002 | 12033628 |
| comparative floral development of mir-grown and ethylene-treated, earth-grown super dwarf wheat. | to study plant growth in microgravity, we grew super dwarf wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in the svet growth chamber onboard the orbiting russian space station, mir, and in identical ground control units at the institute of biomedical problems in moscow, russia. seedling emergence was 56% and 73% in the two root-module compartments on mir and 75% and 90% on earth. growth was vigorous (produced ca. 1 kg dry mass), and individual plants produced 5 to 8 tillers on mir compared with 3 to 5 on earth-gr ... | 2001 | 12033229 |
| water stress, co2 and photoperiod influence hormone levels in wheat. | 'super dwarf' wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plants have been grown from seed to maturity in the mir space station where they were periodically exposed, because of microgravity and other constraints, to water deficit, waterlogging, high co2 levels, and low light intensities. the plants produced many tillers, but none of them produced viable seed. studies have been initiated to determine why the plants responded in these ways. in the present study, effects of the listed stresses on abscisic acid (a ... | 2002 | 12030268 |
| molecular analysis of the barley ( hordeum vulgare l.) gene encoding the protein kinase pkaba1 capable of suppressing gibberellin action in aleurone layers. | abscisic acid (aba) induces the expression of a gene encoding a protein kinase, pkaba1, in wheat ( triticum aestivum l.). transient expression of the cdna encoding this kinase suppresses the gibberellin (ga)-induced expression of alpha-amylase genes in barley ( hordeum vulgare l.) aleurone layers. we have cloned the cdna and genomic sequences for the barley pkaba1 (hvpkaba1) to further study its role in regulating the ga-inducible gene expression in barley seeds. the amino acid sequence deduced ... | 2002 | 12029482 |
| stress-induced protein csp 310: a third uncoupling system in plants. | addition of the cold-stress-related protein csp 310 to mitochondria isolated from winter wheat ( triticum aestivum l. cv. zalarinka), winter rye ( secale cereale l. cv. dymka), maize ( zea mays l. cv. vir 36) and pea ( pisum sativum l. cv. marat) caused an increase in non-phosphorylative respiration. this increase was inhibited by kcn, indicating that the protein is not a cn-resistant alternative oxidase. unlike plant mitochondrial uncoupling proteins such as pump, the uncoupling action of csp 3 ... | 2002 | 12029477 |
| poultry litter ash as a potential phosphorus source for agricultural crops. | maryland will impose restrictions on poultry litter application to soils with excessive p by the year 2005. alternative uses for poultry litter are being considered, including burning as a fuel to generate electricity. the resulting ash contains high levels of total p, but the availability for crop uptake has not been reported. our objective was to compare the effectiveness of poultry litter ash (pla) and potassium phosphate (kp) as a p source for wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in acidic soils, wi ... | 2017 | 12026100 |
| mitochondrial dna sequence divergence among schizaphis graminum (hemiptera: aphididae) clones from cultivated and non-cultivated hosts: haplotype and host associations. | a 1.0 kb region of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit i gene from the greenbug aphid, schizaphis graminum (rondani), was sequenced for 24 field collected clones from non-cultivated and cultivated hosts. maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony and neighbour-joining phylogenies were estimated for these clones, plus 12 previously sequenced clones. all three tests produced trees with identical topologies and confirmed the presence of three clades within s. graminum. clones showed no relation ... | 2002 | 12020358 |
| winter-annual pasture as a supplement for beef cows. | in each of two experiments, 120 pregnant beef cows were stratified by body condition score, bw, breed, and age, randomly divided into six groups of 20, and assigned to one of six 5.1-ha bermudagrass (cynodon dactylon [l.] pers.) pastures (two replicates/ treatment) in early january to evaluate the use of winter-annual pasture as a supplement. all cows in exp. 1 and 2 had ad libitum access to bermudagrass/dallisgrass (paspalum dilatatum poir.) hay plus three treatments: 1) a concentrate-based sup ... | 2002 | 12019601 |
| wheat fkbp73 functions in vitro as a molecular chaperone independently of its peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity. | peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases (ppiases) catalyse protein folding by accelerating the slow step of cis-trans isomerisation of peptidyl-prolyl bonds. wheat (triticum aestivum l.) fkbp73 (wfkbp73) is a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase belonging to the fk506-binding protein (fkbp) family. it comprises three fkbp12-like domains, tetratricopeptide repeats and a calmodulin-binding domain (cambd). in vitro studies indicated that wfkbp73 possesses ppiase activity, binds calmodulin and forms a h ... | 2002 | 12012248 |
| molecular and biochemical characterization of a cold-regulated phosphoethanolamine n-methyltransferase from wheat. | a cdna that encodes a methyltransferase (mt) was cloned from a cold-acclimated wheat (triticum aestivum) cdna library. molecular analysis indicated that the enzyme wpeamt (wheat phosphoethanolamine [p-ea] mt) is a bipartite protein with two separate sets of s-adenosyl-l-met-binding domains, one close to the n-terminal end and the second close to the c-terminal end. the recombinant protein was found to catalyze the three sequential methylations of p-ea to form phosphocholine, a key precursor for ... | 2002 | 12011366 |
| glucosylation activity and complex formation of two classes of reversibly glycosylated polypeptides. | reversibly glycosylated polypeptides (rgps) have been implicated in polysaccharide biosynthesis. in plants, these proteins may function, for example, in cell wall synthesis and/or in synthesis of starch. we have isolated wheat (triticum aestivum) and rice (oryza sativa) rgp cdna clones to study the function of rgps. sequence comparisons showed the existence of two classes of rgp proteins, designated rgp1 and rgp2. glucosylation activity of rgp1 and rgp2 from wheat and rice was studied. after sep ... | 2002 | 12011358 |
| a plant gene up-regulated at rust infection sites. | expression of the fis1 gene from flax (linum usitatissimum) is induced by a compatible rust (melampsora lini) infection. infection of transgenic plants containing a beta-glucuronidase (gus) reporter gene under the control of the fis1 promoter showed that induction is highly localized to those leaf mesophyll cells within and immediately surrounding rust infection sites. the level of induction reflects the extent of fungal growth. in a strong resistance reaction, such as the hypersensitive fleck m ... | 2002 | 12011348 |
| abscisic acid- and cold-induced thaumatin-like protein in winter wheat has an antifungal activity against snow mould, microdochium nivale. | cold acclimation of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings induces accumulation in the apoplast of tatlps that are similar to thaumatin-like proteins (tlps), which are pathogenesis-related proteins. we characterized a cdna of was-3a encoding the major isoform of tatlps from winter wheat cells and showed that was-3a transcripts were markedly increased by treatment with aba and by treatment with elicitors (chitosan, beta-glucan and cell wall fractions of fusarium oxysporum and microdochium ... | 2002 | 12010473 |
| a new biochemical marker for aluminium tolerance in plants. | al was shown to elicit the induction of several pathogenesis-related genes, suggesting that a common signalling pathway may be involved in the early response to al and pathogens. however, we found no evidence of oxidative burst involving either h2o2 or o2- during the first hours of al exposure distinguishing the early response to al from a common response to pathogen infection. we identified a strong superoxide dismutase insensitive nitro blue tetrazolium (nbt) reduction activity in the root tip ... | 2002 | 12010470 |
| a high-density cytogenetic map of the aegilops tauschii genome incorporating retrotransposons and defense-related genes: insights into cereal chromosome structure and function. | aegilops tauschii (coss.) schmal. (2n = 2x = 14, dd) (syn. a. squarrosa l.; triticum tauschii) is well known as the d-genome donor of bread wheat (t. aestivum, 2n = 6x = 42, aabbdd). because of conserved synteny, a high-density map of the a. tauschii genome will be useful for breeding and genetics within the tribe triticeae which besides bread wheat also includes barley and rye. we have placed 249 new loci onto a high-density integrated cytological and genetic map of a. tauschii for a total of 7 ... | 0 | 11999849 |
| trends in comparative genetics and their potential impacts on wheat and barley research. | we review some general points about comparative mapping, the evolution of gene families and recent advances in the understanding of angiosperm phylogeny. these are considered in relation to studies of large-genome cereals, particularly barley (hordeum vulgare) and wheat (triticum aestivum), with reference to methods of gene isolation. the relative merits of direct map-based cloning in barley and wheat, utilization of the smaller genome of rice (oryza sativa) and gene homology methods that utiliz ... | 2006 | 11999846 |
| puroindolines: the molecular genetic basis of wheat grain hardness. | the variation in grain hardness is the single most important trait that determines end-use quality of wheat. grain texture classification is based primarily on either the resistance of kernels to crushing or the particle size distribution of ground grain or flour. recently, the molecular genetic basis of grain hardness has become known, and it is the focus of this review. the puroindoline proteins a and b form the molecular basis of wheat grain hardness or texture. when both puroindolines are in ... | 2017 | 11999840 |
| genetic dissection of a major fusarium head blight qtl in tetraploid wheat. | the devastating effect of fusarium head blight (fhb) caused by fusarium graminearum has led to significant financial losses across the upper midwest of the usa. these losses have spurred the need for research in biological, chemical, and genetic control methods for this disease. to date, most of the research on fhb resistance has concentrated on hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) lines originating from china. other sources of resistance to fhb would be desirable. one other source of resistan ... | 2002 | 11999839 |
| detection of grain protein content qtls across environments in tetraploid wheats. | grain protein content (gpc) is an important quality factor in both durum and bread wheats. gpc is considered to be a polygenic trait influenced by environmental factors and management practice. the objectives of this study were both to compare the quantitative trait loci (qtl) for gpc in a population of 65 recombinant inbred lines of tetraploid wheats evaluated in three locations for several years (eight data sets), and to investigate the genetic relationship among gpc and grain yield. qtls were ... | 2017 | 11999838 |
| effects of aluminum on physiological metabolism and antioxidant system of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the al-tolerant cultivar tam202 and the al-sensitive cultivar tam 105 of winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) were exposed to 0, 50, 75, 100 or 150 microm of al. the absorption of al by wheat, the growth of root, several key enzymes concerned with c, n and p metabolism, as well as key constituents of antioxidant system, were investigated. the results showed that tam105 absorbed more al than tam202 and its root growth (presented by the length) was inhibited more severely. the root growth was most ... | 2002 | 11996140 |
| wheat grass juice in the treatment of active distal ulcerative colitis: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. | the use of wheat grass (triticum aestivum) juice for treatment of various gastrointestinal and other conditions had been suggested by its proponents for more than 30 years, but was never clinically assessed in a controlled trial. a preliminary unpublished pilot study suggested efficacy of wheat grass juice in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (uc). | 2002 | 11989836 |
| [effects of soil ph value on the bioavailability and fractionation of rare earth elements in wheat seedling (triticum aestivum l.)]. | the effect of soil ph value on the bioavailability and fractionation of rare earth elements (rees) in wheat seedling (triticum aestivum l.) were investigated. the results showed that the concentration of rees in wheat decreased with increasing ph value, and their inter-relationship was best expressed as quadratic equation, with correlation coefficients from 0.6003 to 0.9572. the response of individual elements to ph value change tended to be ce > la > nd > sm > gd > yb > eu, with ce most sensiti ... | 2002 | 11987417 |
| characterisation of mildew resistant wheat-rye substitution lines and identification of an inverted chromosome by fluorescent in situ hybridisation. | seven different mildew resistant wheat lines derived from crosses between triticale and bread wheat were examined by molecular cytogenetics and chromosome c-banding in order to determine their chromosomal composition. genomic in situ hybridisation (gish) showed the presence of rye germplasm in all the lines and identified three substitution lines, three double substitution lines and one addition-substitution line. c-banding identified rye chromosomes 1r and 4r in the addition-substitution line, ... | 2002 | 11986870 |
| [structural changes of 4v chromosome of haynaldia villosa induced by gametocidal chromosome 3c of aegilops triuncialis]. | chromosome 3c of aegilops triuncialis was discovered with ability to be transferred preferentially in the case of its monosomic status in wheat background, whereas, those gametes without 3c would result in chromosome structural changes including deletions and translocations. in the present study, triticum aestivum-haynaldia villosa substitution line 4v(4d) developed in our laboratory, was crossed to t. aestivum c.v. norin 26-aegilops triuncialis 3c addition line, and the hybrids f1 were then bac ... | 2002 | 11985271 |