Publications

spectroscopic studies of protein-heme interactions accompanying the allosteric transition in methemoglobins.	resonance raman, optical absorption, and circular dichroism spectroscopic techniques have been used to examine the effect of the addition of inositol hexaphosphate (ihp) to a series of carp and human methemoglobin derivatives. markers of spin equilibrium in the high-frequency region (1450-1650 cm-1) of the resonance raman spectrum yield high/low-spin ratios consistent with direct magnetic susceptibility measurements. changes in the low-frequency region (100-600 cm-1) of the resonance raman spect ...	1985	4084499
antigen localization in the lymphoid organs of carp (cyprinus carpio).	a brief morphological description is given of the spleen, head kidney and trunk kidney, the three peripheral lymphoid organs of carp. an antigen-localization study was carried out using aeromonas hydrophila (a cellular bacterial antigen) and an indirect immunofluorescence test. examination of the lymphoid organs at various times after injection (up to 12 months) showed that antigen was at first present in splenic ellipsoids and in solitary phagocytic cells in the spleen, head and trunk kidney. l ...	1985	4075373
ca2+-specific fluorescence changes in n-dansylaminoethyl-labelled oncomodulin.	rat oncomodulin (isoelectric point (pi) = 3.9) and homologous carp parvalbumin (pi = 3.95) was labelled at cys-18 which is located in the ab loop, with the fluorescent reagent n-dansylaziridine. the fluorescence spectrum of the labelled parvalbumin was insensitive to both mg2+ and ca2+ binding. in contrast the dansyl fluorescence emission spectrum of labelled oncomodulin was quenched approximately 20% by ca2+ in the presence of physiological concentrations of mg2+. approximately 90% of the ca2+- ...	1985	4075234
spatial orientation of horizontal cell axon terminals in the carp retina.	in flatmounts of the carp (cyprinus carpio) retina, 646 horizontal cells were singly marked by intracellular lucifer yellow ch (ly) in the presence of dopamine or amphetamine, agents which were useful for restricting ly to single injected cells. most axon terminals of cone-connected horizontal cells have a tendency to orient either radially or tangentially in the retinal field with respect to the optic disc as a center. although the fluorescent cellular (dendritic field) area greatly varied depe ...	1985	4075138
lateral actions at the inner plexiform layer of the carp retina: effects of turning windmill pattern stimulus.	lateral action from amacrine to ganglion cells was studied in the isolated carp retina by using a truncated windmill pattern (twp). about 25% of ganglion cells of both "on" and "off" center types were suppressed or enhanced in firing activity in response to twp turning. the suppressed cells were more sensitive to slow turning velocities of twp than the enhanced cells. in the "on-off" type amacrine cells, a steady depolarizing or hyperpolarizing component (less than several mv) was maintained by ...	2013	4071996
effects of temperature and transfer from seawater to freshwater on blood microrheology in pacific salmon.	blood of pacific salmon was studied with particular interest in red blood cell (rbc) deformability in relation to migration. blood samples were taken via cardiac puncture or chronic cannula placed in the dorsal aorta and heparinized. as an index of rbc deformability the mean passage time of single rbcs through micropores of 8 micron in diameter and 10 micron in length was determined under a pressure difference of 10 cmh2o. despite about 100 mosmol/l difference in plasma osmolality, there was no ...	1985	4068373
a quantitative study of the nucleus rotundus of the carp.	the present work describes the results of a quantitative study of the nucleus rotundus of c. carpio aimed at determining the volume of the nucleus as a whole and the partial volumes corresponding to the rostral and caudal zones. the overall neuronal density of the nucleus and the density of light and dark cells which forms the neuronal population of the nucleus rotundus were also determined; the light cells were the most represented. most cells were found in the rostral portion while the caudal ...	1985	4067283
hormonal changes during induced ovulation of the carp, cyprinus carpio.	the changes in plasma concentrations of eight steroids (testosterone, testosterone glucuronide, estradiol, estradiol glucuronide, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, 17,20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20 beta p), deoxycorticosterone, and cortisol) have been followed in three individual carp, cyprinus carpio, during ovulation induced by carp pituitary extract. deoxycorticosterone and estradiol glucuronide were not detectable and small amounts of 17,20 beta p were found only in one fish. a priming injec ...	1985	4063009
reexamination of photoreceptor-bipolar connectivity patterns in carp retina: hrp-em and golgi-em studies.	on- and off-center bipolar cells were identified in the carp retina by means of intracellular recording, intracellular injection of hrp, and golgi silver-chromate impregnation. light and electron microscopy revealed that these functionally different bipolar cells make synaptic contacts with both rods and cones, and that both on- and off-center cells can be further divided into two subtypes (i and ii) according to the relationship between the position of their dendritic processes and the synaptic ...	1985	4056093
calcium and praseodymium complexes in solution. 1h n.m.r. conformational study of the model tetrapeptide acetyl-aspartyl-valyl-aspartyl-alanine.	the synthetic tetrapeptide acetyl-aspartyl-valyl-aspartyl-alanine (ac-dvda) is a model of the calcium binding site of proteins such as carp parvalbumin, thermolysin and calmodulin. 1h n.m.r. spectra of the tetrapeptide are presented and assigned for d2o and dmso solutions to determine the conformational mobility. the resonance of the two aspartyl side chains could be completely analysed and the vicinal coupling (c alpha h-c beta h and nh-c alpha h) indicated that the free peptide has considerabl ...	2014	4055228
[phylo- and ontogenic characteristics of lipid peroxidation in the retina of vertebrates].	phylo- and ontogenetic aspects of lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzyme system in the retina of vertebrates were studied. it was established that both the intensity of lipid peroxidation and the activity of glutathione peroxidase in the retina of different vertebrate animals (carp, frog, tortoise, pigeon, rabbit) considerably diminished with evolution. the differences in the intensity of lipid peroxidation and the activity of glutathione peroxidase between dark- and light-adapted retinas a ...	1985	4052609
xenobiotic and endobiotic induction of mixed function monooxygenase in carp cyprinus carpio.	3-methylcholanthrene (3-mc) significantly induces aryl hydrocarbon (benzo[a]pyrene) hydroxylase (ahh) activity in mature and juvenile cyprinus carpio of both sexes. the degree of induction of ahh by 3-mc in mature fish is significantly lower than that in juveniles and induction in mature males is significantly higher than in mature females. pretreatment with sex steroids (testosterone in males and estradiol in females) significantly reduces 3-mc-inducibility of ahh in both mature and juvenile fi ...	2013	4048925
h+ and cl- ion equilibrium across the red cell membrane in the carp.	h2o and electrolyte distribution were studied in carp erythrocytes at various ph values achieved by co2/o2 equilibration in vitro. intracellular ph was measured by means of glass electrode and by dmo-14c. rh+, rcl- and rdmo- varied linearly and in a comparable manner with phe. at phe = 7.8, rh+, rcl- and rdmo- were 0.21, 0.29 and 0.30. rcl- and rdmo- were closely correlated and exhibited only minor differences. rh+ was closely correlated with rcl- and rdmo-, but was, however, significantly lower ...	1985	4048671
erythrocytic magnesium in freshwater fishes.	erythrocytic magnesium in rainbow and speckled trout (salmo gairdneri, salvelinus fontinalis) carp (cyprinus carpio) and goldfish (carassius auratus) was examined by correlation analyses involving weight, hemoglobin content, plasma magnesium, erythrocytic sodium, potassium, calcium, chloride and unidentified anion concentration and chloride equilibrium potential, and in relation to possible diurnal and seasonal variation as well as with respect to constant, diurnally cycling and progressively in ...	1985	4046640
electrophysiological measurements of the spectral sensitivity of three types of cones in the carp retina.	the spectral sensitivities of red-, green-, and blue-sensitive cones were measured by intracellular recording in the carp retina. the responses from all cones were univariant, i.e., the waveform of a response to any wavelength and at any intensity could be superimposed on the response to other wavelengths if the intensity was properly selected. red-sensitive cones showed a maximum sensitivity at about 620 nm, green-sensitive cones at about 520 nm, and blue-sensitive cones at about 460 nm. the pe ...	2014	4046238
light and electron microscopic identification of gonadotrophic cells in the pituitary gland of the goldfish by means of immunocytochemistry.	immunocytochemical techniques were used at the light and electron microscopical levels in order to localize and to characterize the gonadotrophs in the goldfish pituitary gland by means of antibodies to carp gonadotrophin (c-gth) or its subunit (c-gth beta). at the light microscopical level antibodies to c-gth reacted weakly with cells located in the rostral pars distalis (rpd) and strongly with cells of the proximal pars distalis (ppd). the labeling was restricted to the proximal pars distalis ...	1985	4043726
temperature dependence of the dielectric properties of blood.	the aim of the work was to investigate the temperature effect in physiological range on the dielectric properties of a fish (cyprinus carpio) blood. by applying an empirical non-damaging method and statistical analysis of the dielectric data, it is observed that a heating of carp blood induces an almost linear value variation of the electrical conductivity and permittivity of the intracellular matter of carp red blood cells. the dielectric data, however, reveal anomalous behaviour for conductivi ...	1985	4043438
effect of thiol-reactive reagents on the permeability of fish erythrocyte membrane for spin-labelled non-electrolytes.	carp erythrocytes were treated with p-chloromercuribenzoate or n-ethylmaleimide. it was observed that these thiol-group inhibitors decreased the transport of spin-labelled hydrophilic compound, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl, and increased the transport rate of more hydrophobic 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl.	1985	4036446
responsiveness and receptive field size of carp horizontal cells are reduced by prolonged darkness and dopamine.	in the fish retina the interplexiform cells contain dopamine and provide a centrifugal pathway from the inner plexiform layer to horizontal cells of the outer plexiform layer. dopamine application reduced the responsiveness and receptive field size of cone horizontal cells, as did a prolonged period of complete darkness. other results suggest that the interplexiform cells may release dopamine after a prolonged period in the dark. the interplexiform-horizontal cell system may modify the strength ...	1985	4035351
a comparative study of tropomyosin from vertebrate ventricles.	a comparative study of vertebrate ventricle tropomyosin has been carried out from the viewpoint of molecular evolution. the ventricles containing one-component tropomyosin were generally known, and in this paper those containing two components were also found in 8 species among mammals, reptiles, amphibia, and fish, but not among birds. the two components were concluded to be authentic tropomyosin and not artifacts since they showed lower electrophoretic mobilities in the presence of urea, and t ...	1985	4030730
surface markers of male germ cells in early development of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) and the blood-testis barrier in fish. a study with monoclonal antibodies and horseradish peroxidase (hrp).		1985	4028174
uptake and transport of ferritin in the epithelium of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) and the possible immunological implications.		1985	4028172
morphometry of muscle fibre types in the carp (cyprinus carpio l.). relationships between structural and contractile characteristics.	ultrastructural parameters of muscle fibre types of the carp (cyprinus carpio l.) were measured and compared with their contractile properties. in red fibres, which are slower than pink fibres, the relative length of the junction between the t system and the sarcoplasmic reticulum (t-sr junction) is smaller and the z lines are thicker than in pink fibres. pink fibres have a smaller relative length of t-sr junction than white fibres from the axial muscles. the two types of red fibres present in c ...	1985	4028116
tonotopic organization in the midbrain of a teleost fish.	recordings from small clusters of units within the auditory midbrain of the japanese carp, cyprinus carpio, provide the first evidence for tonotopy within the teleost brain. these findings suggest that place mechanisms of frequency coding and tonotopy, previously thought to have evolved first in amphibians, may be general and ancient features of the vertebrate auditory system.	1985	4027605
[metal concentrations in fishes of the rednitz river].	we investigated 39 fish species (eel, brown trout, chub, carp bream, roach, perch, pike etc.) from the river rednitz (north bavaria) for content of the metals mercury, lead, cadmium, arsenic, selenium and zinc. the residue tolerance level for mercury (1 mg/kg) and the standard value of the federal public health office for lead (0.5 mg/kg) and cadmium (0.05 mg/kg) have not been exceeded in any case. because a small selenium concentration gives protection against the toxicity of mercury, we also h ...	1985	4024745
development and validation of a salmon prolactin radioimmunoassay.	a highly specific radioimmunoassay (ria) for the measurement of prolactin (prl) in the plasma and pituitary of salmonid fishes was developed using a rabbit antiserum to chinook salmon (oncorhynchus tschawytscha) prl. the prls purified from chinook salmon and chum salmon (o. keta) pituitaries showed exactly the same competitive inhibition curves in the ria, regardless of iodination of either hormone. the displacement curves for pituitary extracts and plasma from several salmonids, including chum, ...	1985	4018564
antibody diversity in fish. isoelectrofocalisation study of individually-purified specific antibodies in three teleost fish species: tench, carp and goldfish.	natural anti-dnp antibodies were isolated by affinity chromatography from individual sera of three cyprinid fish species (carp, goldfish and tench) and their electrofocusing (ief) spectra were analysed in reducing conditions. in addition, immune anti-penicillin and anti-bsa antibodies were isolated from individual and pooled tench sera, and studied by ief techniques on reduced samples. diversity rates appeared to be rather low in the three fish species, and striking similarities arose between in ...	1985	4018343
[electrical characteristics of the epithelial tissue and cells of the carp and frog gallbladder].	transepithelial potential and resistance, the ratio of resistance of the apical to the basal cell membranes (ra/rb) were studied during transmural current clamps in isolated frog and fish gall-bladder (gb) with ringer's solution on both sides. the findings show that: 1) the difference between the mucosal and serosal membrane potentials (mps) was 3-8 mv as determined by transmural potential; 2) the ratio ra/rb depends on the mp value: it was less than 1 if mp was about 30 mv, and more than 1 if m ...	1985	4018298
kinetic differences at low temperatures between r and t state carbon monoxide-carp hemoglobin.	we use the low-temperature recombination kinetics of carbon monoxide with carp hemoglobin to determine that the r and t states of hemoglobin exhibit different low-temperature geminate recombination kinetics. the peak of the fitted gaussian activation energy spectrum is at 1.5 kcal/mol for r state and 1.8 kcal/mol for t state. the distribution in activation energies is fit well by the agmon-hopfield linear strain model. the t state is fit with a stronger elastic constant than r, and has a larger ...	1985	4016198
occurrence of n-acylethanolamine phospholipids in fish brain and spinal cord.	n-acylethanolamine phospholipids were identified in the central nervous system of the fresh water fish, pike (esox lucius) and carp (cyprinus carpio), at levels ranging from 0.1 to 0.9% of total phospholipid. the n-acylethanolamine phospholipids of carp brain were isolated and characterized by chemical, biochemical and spectroscopic methods. two major species, 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho(n-acyl)ethanolamines (approx. 30%) and 1-o-(1'-alkenyl)-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho(n-acyl)ethanolamines ...	1985	4016139
quaternary structure has little influence on spin states in mixed-spin human methemoglobins.	a key feature of the perutz stereochemical model for cooperativity in hemoglobin is a strong coupling between quaternary structure and the spin state of the heme iron [perutz, m. f. (1979) annu. rev. biochem. 48, 327-386]. while this coupling appears to be present for carp azide methemoglobin, it should also be present for all liganded forms of human methemoglobin that exhibit a thermal high-spin in equilibrium low-spin equilibrium. to test this hypothesis, we have measured the changes in spin e ...	1985	4016083
biochemical compartmentation of fish tissues vii non-specific phosphomonoesterases in vital organs.	the viscera were compartmentalised in relation to non-specific phosphomonoesterase in a major carp, a catfish and a murrel. activity was highest in the middle region of the kidney and lowest in the cephalic region of muscle. the observed variations in various regions of the viscera are discussed in relation to feeding habits, growth rate and biochemical make-up of the viscera.	1985	4013773
pkx, the causative agent of proliferative kidney disease (pkd) in pacific salmonid fishes and its affinities with the myxozoa.	proliferative kidney disease (pkd), caused by an unclassified protozoan (pkx), is reported from pacific salmon, oncorhynchus tshawytscha (walbaum) and o. kisutch (walbaum), and steelhead trout, salmo gairdneri richardson, held at the mad river hatchery in california, usa. the cumulative mortality attributed to the disease was 95, 13, and 18% respectively. the mortalities were greatest at mean water temperatures of 12-14 degrees c during july 1983. the ultrastructure of the pkx organism and its a ...	1985	4009511
studies on the sequence of 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene metabolite formation using carp hepatocyte.	metabolism of 2,6-diisopropylnaphthalene (2,6-dipn) was studied in freshly isolated carp hepatocytes with special reference to cytochrome p-450-mediated oxidation. the viability of isolated hepatocytes obtained by use of ca2+-free and collagenase-containing hanks buffer was 93%, judging from both trypan blue penetration and lactic dehydrogenase (ldh) leakage. 2,6-dipn was metabolized to form several oxidized products such as the tertiary hydroxy, the primary hydroxy, and two types of dihydroxy d ...	1985	4006835
an example of interaction between environmental pollutants: modification of thiram toxicity to freshwater organisms by nitrites or nitrates in relation to nitrosamine synthesis.	thiram, a dithiocarbamate fungicide, is known to evolve to dimethylnitrosamine (dmna) when associated with nitrites. conditions of appearance of that carcinogenic compound have been studied in short-term experiments by association of the fungicide, nitrates or nitrites, and species representative of freshwater biota. dmna has been estimated by glc equipped with a specific detector. chlorella vulgaris can rapidly produce nitrites from nitrates and dmna is obtained in presence of thiram. daphnia m ...	1985	4006832
ganglion cells of the terminal nerve: morphology and electrophysiology.	the ganglion cells of the terminal nerve (tn cells) in the carp were identified using intracellular recording and staining techniques. the tn cells showed characteristic location and morphology as well as characteristic responses after electrical shocks to the olfactory nerve and tracts. these features of the tn cells were distinct from those of the mitral or other cells in the olfactory bulb.	1985	4005539
metal-ion binding to parvalbumin. a 113cd-n.m.r. study of the binding of different lanthanide ions.	113cd-n.m.r. studies were used to investigate the binding of the lanthanide ions la3+, gd3+, tb3+, yb3+ and lu3+ to parvalbumins. it was shown that lanthanide ions with a smaller ionic radius bind sequentially to cd2+-saturated parvalbumin, whereas those with a larger ionic radius bind with similar affinity to both the cd site and the ef site. the smallest ion, lu3+, does in fact not compete significantly with cd2+ for the cd site in carp parvalbumin, but appears to bind only to the ef site. thi ...	2013	4004793
the respiratory function of gill filament muscles in the carp.	the activity pattern of the adductor muscles of the gill filaments has been determined with e.m.g. techniques and analysed in relation to the activity of the respiratory pump muscles, the respiratory movements and the hydrostatic pressures in buccal and opercular cavities. the gill filament adductor muscles contract twice during a normal respiratory cycle. first during the transition from the contraction to the expansion phase and for a second time at the end of the expansion phase. these two co ...	2013	4001607
gill arch movements and the function of the dorsal gill arch muscles in the carp.	the activity coordination of the dorsal gill arch muscles in a teleost, the carp, is described and the effect of their contraction in combination with the respiratory pump movements is analysed. based on their origin and insertion the dorsal branchial arch muscles can be divided into three groups: the external branchial arch levators, connecting the branchial arches to the neurocranium, the internal branchial arch levators, connecting the pharyngobranchials to the neurocranium and the dorsal obl ...	1985	4001606
humoral response and memory formation in carp after injection of aeromonas hydrophila bacterin.	the humoral immune response of carp (cyprinus carpio) upon a bacterial fish pathogen aeromonas hydrophila was studied in relation to memory formation. after a single intramuscular (i.m.) injection of formalin killed a. hydrophila cells (f-ah), maximum serum ab (ab) titers were observed at day 20. distinct titers were still seen at day 360 in the groups injected with a medium or high antigen (ag) dose (10(7) respectively 10(9) f-ah). the effect of a second immunization with a high ag dose was stu ...	1985	3996709
non-specific cytotoxic activity of teleost leukocytes.	the existence of lymphoid cells with "natural" killer activity in mammals and birds has been known for some time. several previous reports have demonstrated similar activity in carp and catfish kidney leukocytes. however, the activity previously reported was directed towards established mammalian cell lines. in this report we confirm the existence of spontaneous killer activity in other species of teleosts, including salmonids. this spontaneous cytotoxic activity is directed towards several esta ...	1985	3996708
[comparative characteristics of the sex steroid content in the blood plasma of the big-mouthed buffalo, silver carp and channel catfish during reproduction].	a radioimmunoassay was to determine the content of estrogens, progestins and androgens in the blood plasma of female and male big-mouthed buffalo, silver carp and canal sheatfish before reproduction and in the first two species during reproduction as well. it was shown that sexual hormones of all 3 groups were present in the blood of males and females of the species under study, the androgen concentration being significantly higher than the estrogen and progestin content in species of both sexes ...	2016	3991489
a bifurcate axon of horizontal cells in the carp retina.	in flatmounts of the carp retina, among 368 cone-connected horizontal cells, which were singly marked by intracellular lucifer yellow under various experimental conditions, 15 cells (4.1%) were found to possess a bifurcate axon and two terminals. the lengths of single and bifurcate axonal processes (an axon plus its terminal) are all comparable, ranging from 400 to 600 micron.	1985	3991048
bioassay of fish gonadotrophin by ovarian mitochondrial cholesterol depletion.	murrel (channa punctatus bloch) ovarian tissues were incubated in vitro with or without piscine gonadotrophins and then subjected to subcellular fractionation followed by nonesterified cholesterol (cholesterol) assay. gonadotrophin from salmon (sg-g100), tilapia (tl1ms), and sturgeon (s27ms) depleted cholesterol in the mitochondrial fraction, whereas cholesterol remained unchanged in other subcellular fractions. aminoglutethimide, an inhibitor of mitochondrial cholesterol side-chain cleavage, bl ...	1985	3988028
a comparison of physiological changes in carp, cyprinus carpio, induced by several pollutants at sublethal concentrations. i. the dependency on exposure time.	carp were exposed to 10 different pollutants at sublethal concentrations for 6, 24, or 72 hr. blood, liver, and white muscle samples were taken after the exposure time together with samples of control handled fish. serum concentrations of glucose, cortisol protein, and cholesterol were determined. similarly, the liver and muscle glycogen contents were measured. the effects of the following pollutants were examined: aldrin (100 micrograms/liter), atrazine (100 micrograms/liter), ddt (50 microgram ...	1985	3987597
uptake and transport of intact macromolecules in the intestinal epithelium of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) and the possible immunological implications.	two protein antigens, horseradish peroxidase (hrp) and ferritin, have been administered to the digestive tract of carp. electron-microscopical observations reveal considerable absorption of both antigens in the second segment of the gut (from 70 to 95% of the total length) and also, although to a lesser extent, in the first segment (from 0 to 70% of the total length). even when administered physiologically with food, a large amount of ferritin is absorbed by enterocytes in the second gut segment ...	1985	3986879
retinal growth in carp of the same age: density and number of dopamine neurons.	research has shown that an increase in the size of retina with fish growth is accompanied by a reduction in the density of monoamine neurons along with an increase in their cell number per retina. the age of fish, however, has not been considered in relation to the above. in the present study, juvenile carp (6.4 +/- 0.7 cm in body length), hatched 2 months earlier, were reared for 10 months under 2 different sets of conditions; one group was kept in a small aquarium at room temperature (rt, 9-26 ...	1985	3986607
the structure of the kidney from the freshwater teleost carassius auratus.	the structure of the kidney of the crucian carp (carassius auratus; a freshwater teleost, cypriniformes) was studied by means of reconstruction from serial paraffin and semithin sections. in c. auratus, the wolffian duct traverses the entire kidney. at various levels collecting ducts of different length and thickness join the wolffian duct at right angles. each collecting duct accepts a large number of connecting tubules, which are established by the joining of many nephrons. a regular pattern c ...	1985	3985356
peripheral and central distribution of major branches of the facial taste nerve in the carp.	the major pathways of the peripheral facial taste system in the carp, cyprinus carpio, are the maxillary (max), mandibular (mand), palatine (pal) and recurrent nerve rami. the peripheral distribution of the sensory fibers of these branches (b) was determined by means of electrophysiological techniques. max.b., mand.b. and pal.b., each of which arises from the gasserian-geniculate ganglionic complexes, were found to innervate respectively, the upper lip and the adjacent skin, the internal and ext ...	1985	3978434
structural studies of calcium-binding proteins using nuclear magnetic resonance.	lanthanide-shifted 1h nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy has been used to compare the structure in solution of the ef-hand calcium-binding domains of four parvalbumins (isoelectric ph[pi] 3.95, 4.25, and 4.37 from carp, and pi from buffalo fish). these four parvalbumins are shown by nmr to have very similar structures at the level of resolution typical of x-ray structures. at the higher resolution possible by the lanthanide nmr technique, specific differences are noted between the pi ...	1985	3978195
[mitraspora cyprini fujita, 1912 (protozoa myxosporea bütschli, 1881) in the kidneys of carp from lower saxony pond farms].		1985	3977820
[development of the trypanosomes (trypanosoma) and cryptobians (cryptobia) of carp and tench in the leech piscicola geometra].	the paper presents the results of studies of the development of trypanosomes and cryptobiae of carp and tench in piscicola geometra. the paper describes an unknown way of reproduction by means of fusion of individuals and formation of cystlike bodies, the subsequent development of which results in a special form schizogony with a formation of rosettes.	2009	3975069
[adaptibility of diplostomum cercariae in carp and the effect of a prior infestation].	experiments on the infection of carp fry with cercariae of diplostomum have shown that cercariae of diplostomum spathaceum can penetrate crystalline lens of larvae of these fishes in three days after their hatching and that the adaptability of cercariae of d. paracaudum to carp is much higher than that of cercariae of d. spathaceum. after the first infection with cercariae a relative postinfectious immunity against infection with cercariae of this or close species of this genus arises in carp fr ...	1985	3975067
geminate recombination of co in rabbit, opossum, and adult hemoglobins.	the geminate recombination of co with hb following dissociation by a 10-ns laser pulse has been studied as a function of ph (9.2 and 7.0 without inositol hexaphosphate and 6.0 with inositol hexaphosphate) and temperature (5-35 degrees c). the hemoglobins studied included adult, rothschild, rabbit, opossum, and carp. despite significant differences in their structural and functional properties, the first four of these hemoglobins show similar trends in the yields, rates, and activation energies o ...	1985	3972802
crystal structure study of opsanus tau parvalbumin by multiwavelength anomalous diffraction.	the crystal structure of a small calcium-binding protein, the parvalbumin iiif from opsanus tau in which tb was substituted for ca, has been analysed by multiwavelength anomalous diffraction. data at a resolution of 2.3 a were collected at three wavelengths near the l3 absorption edge of tb (1.645-1.650 a), using the synchrotron radiation emitted by a storage ring and a multiwire proportional counter. the phases of the reflections were determined from this single derivative, without native data. ...	1985	3965297
metal ion binding to parvalbumin. a proton nmr study.	the 1h nmr spectra of carp parvalbumin saturated with ca2+, cd2+, la3+ and lu3+ were compared, using 2d 1h nmr techniques as well as conventional 1h nmr spectra. the ca2+ and cd2+ saturated parvalbumin (with both high affinity ca2+-binding sites occupied) gave rise to very similar spectra. this shows that these two species have almost identical protein conformations. the 1h nmr spectrum from the ln3+ saturated parvalbumins deviated from the other two and it was therefore concluded that cd2+ is a ...	1986	3962552
pox-like lesions in a colony of carp (cyprinus carpio).	twelve carp (cyprinus carpio) out of a total of 100 were affected with skin nodules, mainly located on the dorsal and lateral surface. post mortem examination of six of the worst affected fish showed the nodules consisting of white gel-like outgrowths. no abnormality was apparent in any other tissue examined. microscopically, the nodules were formed by proliferating hyperplastic epidermal cells. the other six fish were left for recovery and their nodules regressed spontaneously. the possible aet ...	2012	3962147
circadian variations in plasma osmolality, electrolytes, glucose, and cortisol in carp (cyprinus carpio).	male carps (cyprinus carpio) of about 1.5 kg were used in all experiments performed in december and february. blood was taken by heart-puncture within 1 min or less every 4 hr from different fishes during a 24-hr period to establish circadian rhythmicities of all parameters. the water temperature was 11-12 degrees. in december circadian variations could be calculated for cortisol, na+ and plasma osmolality in partly fed carps and for cortisol, ca2+, glucose, and plasma osmolality in food deprive ...	1986	3956997
proline hydroxylation of collagens synthesized at different temperatures in vivo by two poikilothermic species.	extent of prolyl hydroxylation in newly synthesized viper collagen is decreased at 10 degrees c to approximately 23% of normal on skin and to approximately 57% of normal in bone collagen. at 20 degrees c, prolyl hydroxylation is approximately 50% of normal in skin and normal in bone. at 10 degrees c and 20 degrees c, prolyl hydroxylation is decreased approximately 32% in the skin collagen of carp. in contrast, prolyl hydroxylation is unchanged at 10 and 20 degrees c in bone, scale and lepidotric ...	1986	3956164
thermodynamics of carp metmyoglobin unfolding.	the conformational free energy of carp lateral muscle metmyoglobin at 25 degrees c ph 8 is 9.0 +/- 0.5 kcal/mol as estimated from isothermal unfolding by both urea and guanidinium chloride. a novel procedure for the simultaneous analysis of acid and guanidinium chloride unfolding data is described. acid denaturation data suggest that binding of five protons to histidyl residues occurs on unfolding. correlation of sequences and conformational stabilities of several myoglobins according to the ter ...	1986	3956157
the stratum album centrale in the optic tectum of cyprinus carpio.	the most outstanding characteristics of the stratum album centrale of the optic tectum of cyprinus carpio were analyzed by light and electron microscopy, with special reference to the morphology and ultrastructure of the neurons with cell bodies in this stratum. neurons belonging to the stratum album centrale itself are described, both vertical and horizontal in development, together with others which are found in this and the periventricular stratum. the possible involvement of this zone in the ...	1985	3939080
[reproduction of ichthyophthirius multifiliis (ciliata, ophryoglenidae)].	a case of reproduction of ichthyophthirius multifiliis in the superficial tissues of larvae and fry of amur wild carp is described. at a temperature of water from 28 to 29 degrees trophonts of ichthyophthirius encysted on fishes. inside cysts repeated cell division occurred but this process did not result in swarm spores formation. later on with the increase of temperature to 29.5--31.5 degrees cysts degenerated.	1985	3937118
13c and 113cd nmr studies of the chelation of metal ions by the calcium binding protein parvalbumin.	13c nmr spectra are presented for the calcium binding protein parvalbumin (pi 4.25) from carp muscle in several different metal bound forms: with ca2+ in both the cd and ef calcium binding sites, with cd2+ in both sites, with 113cd2+ in both sites, and with 113cd2+ in the cd site and lu3+ in the ef site. the different metals differentially shift the 13c nmr resonances of the protein ligands involved in chelation of the metal ion. in addition, direct 13c-113cd spin-spin coupling is observed which ...	1985	3932596
opposite effects of ammonia and carbon dioxide on dye coupling between horizontal cells in the carp retina.	effects of ammonia (nh3) and carbon dioxide (co2) on the membrane potential of horizontal cells and on dye coupling between the cells in isolated retinas of the carp (cyprinus carpio) were investigated. ammonia (less than 300 ppm nh3 in air) initially depolarized and subsequently hyperpolarized, while co2 (10% in air) hyperpolarized the membrane potential of horizontal cells, accompanied by a diminution of both center and surround responses to spot and annular light stimuli. during the course of ...	1985	3929998
microspectrophotometric and scanning microphotometric studies of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) erythrocytes.	carp (cyprinus carpio) hemoglobin readily autoxidizes in blood smears. quantification of soret-band absorbance in individual erythrocytes by means of scanning cytophotometry therefore requires more elaborate methods of preparation of blood samples. of the fixatives that have been tested, suspension of whole blood in isotonic salt solutions containing glutaraldehyde was most suitable. glutaraldehyde-fixed red blood cells are totally resistant to hemolysis. in the course of fixation, hemoglobin is ...	1985	3928536
skeletal muscle actin as tumor marker in the diagnosis of rhabdomyosarcoma in childhood.	immunoaffinity-purified and tissue-specific antibodies against carp skeletal muscle actin have been assessed for their usefulness in diagnosing rhabdomyosarcoma. routinely processed formaldehyde-fixed tissue and the avidin--biotinyl--peroxidase complex technique were used. thirty-six tumors of patients varying in age from less than 1 year to 17 years were diagnosed as rhabdomyosarcoma on the basis of routine histological stains or electron microscopy, and on clinical grounds. among them were 20 ...	1985	3911779
immunohistochemical localization of chick retinal 24 kdalton protein (visinin) in various vertebrate retinae.	antiserum against a protein (24,000 daltons, visinin) of chick retina has been provided for immunohistochemical study on the localization of visinin in chick retinae during development, as well as in various vertebrate retinae. the photoreceptor cells were stained with anti-visinin serum from 7th day embryonic retinae and its intensity was gradually increased with embryonic age. in addition, visinin-like immunoreactivity was found in some kinds of amacrine and displaced amacrine cells from 11th- ...	1985	3886079
urotensin ii-immunoreactive neurons in the caudal neurosecretory system of freshwater and seawater fish.	antiserum generated against synthetic urotensin ii of the goby, gillichthys mirabilis, was used to localize urotensin ii in the caudal neurosecretory system in six species of freshwater teleosts: cyprinus carpio, carassius auratus, oreochromis mossambicus, oreochromis niloticus, salmo gairdneri and plecoglossus altivelis, and six species of seawater teleosts: acanthogobius flavimanus, pagrus major, parapristipoma trilineatum, trachurus japonicus, seriola dumerili and seriola quinqueradiata. in t ...	1985	3884162
ultrastructural immunocytochemistry of gonadotrophs in the goldfish pituitary gland.	the immunocytochemical distribution of gonadotropin (gth) in the goldfish pituitary gland was studied applying the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (pap) method and the protein a-gold technique at light- and electron-microscopic levels, respectively, with an antiserum raised against silver carp gth. in the light-microscopic immunocytochemistry, pas-positive cells in the proximal pars distalis showed strong reaction with the antiserum. gold particles wee concentrated both on globules (large) and on gran ...	1985	3884161
dopamine inhibits calcium-independent gamma-[3h]aminobutyric acid release induced by kainate and high k+ in the fish retina.	kainic acid (ka) at micromolar concentrations stimulated the release of gamma-[3h]aminobutyric acid [( 3h]gaba) from a particulate fraction of the carp (cyprinus carpio) retina. the ka action was dose-dependent but ca2+-independent. a similar response was elicited by another glutamate receptor agonist, quisqualic acid, and high k+, but not by an aspartate agonist, n-methyl-d-aspartic acid. the stimulatory action of ka on the [3h]gaba release was selectively blocked by the ka blockers gamma-d-glu ...	1985	3882885
effect of carp gonadotropin (cgth) and a fraction unabsorbed on concanavalin a-sepharose obtained from cgth on vitellogenesis in the hypophysectomized marine teleost gobius niger.	to investigate whether a differential potency on vitellogenesis exists between the carp gonadotropin (cgth) and fraction i-cgth (proteins from cgth unbound on concanavalin a-sepharose, which represent 5% of cgth in weight), hypophysectomized gobius niger were treated with the two hormonal preparations at the same level. vitellogenesis was checked for synthesis of vitellogenin and yolk incorporation in the ovary by means of immunological studies and histological techniques (light and electron mic ...	1985	3882520
thermodynamic analysis of calcium binding to frog parvalbumin.	the enthalpy of calcium binding to frog parvalbumin (rana temporaria isoenzyme ivb, pi 4.75) has been measured by microcalorimetry. the reaction is exothermic; the heat of the reaction in 100 mm kcl, 50mm tris, ph 8.0 at 12 degrees c is -19 kj (mol site)-1 and -33 kj (mol site)-1 in the presence of 1 mm magnesium. the shape of the titration curve indicates that the properties of the two calcium binding sites are different. the thermodynamic parameters measured for frog parvalbumin are compared w ...	2014	3879254
quantitation and immunohistochemistry of catecholamines in the posterior segment of the eye.	dopamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline were assayed with hplc in the light adapted retinae of carp, frog, chicken, pigeon, rat, guinea-pig, rabbit, cat, pig and cow. dopamine varied from 0.6 to 2.6 nmol/g wet weight and was not influenced by sympathectomy. the dopamine figures agree with previously published results. noradrenaline concentrations varied from not detectable to 0.06 nmol/g wet weight in different species. homolateral sympathectomy significantly decreased the noradrenaline figure i ...	1985	3875596
daily changes in the gonadotropin levels and response of carp oocytes to hypophysial homogenate.	daily changes in carp gonadotropin levels in adult female carp and daily changes in carp oocyte sensitivity to carp hypophysial homogenate, in vitro and in vivo, were investigated. a total of three series of experiments were carried out. gonadotropin levels were radioimmunologically determined. the results of series 1 and 2 experiments were subjected to statistical analysis with the use of cosinors circle and ellipse of errors. it has been found that in the mature female carp in the pre-spawning ...	1985	3870844
correlations between photoresponse and morphology of amacrine cells in the carp retina.		1985	3866153
electrical properties of horizontal cell network in the carp retina.		1985	3866150
a predicted structure of calmodulin suggests an electrostatic basis for its function.	by using interactive computer graphics, two models for calmodulin have been constructed based on the structures of two functionally and structurally related proteins, intestinal calcium-binding protein and carp parvalbumin. the two models have been compared and contrasted to the parent proteins with respect to proportion of solvent-exposed hydrophobic residues, solvent-accessible surface area, and side-chain packing. electrostatic potential surfaces generated for the models suggest a probable bi ...	1985	3860834
the endocrine activity of isolated follicular cells of the carp ovary in primary culture.	oocytes were isolated from the ovaries of carp females of one breed. interstitial tissue was mechanically removed in order to obtain single oocytes surrounded only by the follicular envelope. such a preparation was trypsinized at room temperature and also with greater success at 37 degrees c. the follicular cell suspension contained both cells and cell clumps. it was the mixture of theca (t) and granulosa (g) cells. the temperature of 37 degrees c was preferable for the successful growth of the ...	1985	3859457
effect of temperature, 17 alpha-hydroxy-20 beta-dihydroprogesterone and prostaglandin f2 alpha on carp oocyte maturation and ovulation in vitro.	two series of experiments were carried out. in series i, studies were conducted on the effect of 17 alpha-hydroxy-20 beta-dihydroprogesterone (17 alpha 20 beta p; 1 microgram/ml of substrate) on the migration of germinal vesicle (gv) and its breakdown (bd) in the oocytes of carp ovarian fragments, kept at 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 degrees c. for investigations ovarian fragments were taken both from intact mature females and from those injected with carp hypophysial homogenate (chh) at a dose of 1 mg ...	1985	3858205
purification and some properties of a trypsin inhibitor from carp (cyprinus carpio) muscle.	a trypsin inhibitor was purified from carp muscle to apparent homogeneity by the successive chromatographies of deae-cellulose, deae-sepharose cl-6b, con a-sepharose, ultrogel aca 44 and hydroxylapatite. the mol. wt of the inhibitor was estimated to be 58,000 by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis or 50,000 by gel filtration. the inhibitor seemed to form a 1:1 stoichiometric complex with trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin and elastase, respectively. carp muscle trypsin inhibitor was likely to be ide ...	1985	3846514
a comparison of quantitative ultrastructural and contractile characteristics of muscle fibre types of the perch, perca fluviatilis l.	quantitative ultrastructural and physiological parameters were investigated in three types of muscle fibres of perca fluviatilis: white fibres from the m. levator operculi anterior, pink (intermediate) fibres of the m. hyohyoideus and deep red fibres of the m. levator operculi anterior. times to peak tension and half relaxation times of isometric twitches increased in the mentioned order. the extent of contact between the t system and the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the relative volume and surfac ...	1985	3837036
xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme systems in test fish. i. comparative studies of liver microsomal monooxygenases.	all monooxygenase activities assayed in guppy (poecilia reticulata) and red killifish (oryzias latipes) were 7-10 times higher than those measured in trout (salmo gairdneri), carp (cyprinus carpio), and golden orfe (leuciscus idus). cytochrome p-450 was 3 times higher in the former fish than in all the other species. zebra fish (brachydanio rerio) 7-ethoxycoumarin o-deethylase and bluegill (lepomis macrochirus) ethylmorphine n-demethylase (emnd) were not greatly different from those of the forme ...	1987	3830019
cation binding to parvalbumin studied by 113cd and 23na nmr. peak assignment of rabbit (pi 5.5) parvalbumin.	cation binding to three apoparvalbumins was studied by means of 113cd nmr. the 3 parvalbumins that were investigated were carp pi 4.25, rabbit pi 5.5 and pike pi 5.0. the results showed that cd2+ ions bind to the ef and cd sites of carp apoparvalbumin pi 4.25 with about the same affinity. for rabbit (pi 5.5) apoparvalbumin, cd2+ binds preferentially to the ef site, while for pike (pi 5.0) apoparvalbumin, it was the cd site that exhibited somewhat higher affinity for cd2+. the effect of mn2+ on t ...	1986	3825402
morphological and physiological studies of rod-driven horizontal cells with special reference to the question of whether they have axons and axon terminals.	rod-driven (intermediate) horizontal cells were examined in the carp retina to determine whether they bear axons and axon terminals. these cells were injected with hrp after physiological identification of the response type; which consisted of a higher sensitivity to light and a slower response time course than cone-driven (external) horizontal cells, and spectral sensitivity peaking at 520 nm. the labeled cells were further identified morphologically by tracing their dendrites to rod photorecep ...	2011	3819018
[demonstration of specific binding sites for carp gonadotropin in ovary membrane preparations of anguilla (anguilla anguilla l.)].	membrane preparations from silver eel ovary bind specifically labeled carp gonadotropin (cgth 125i); similar preparations from kidney, liver, brain, and muscle exhibit either no or negligible specific binding. cgth and partially purified eel pituitary extract, but neither hcg nor btsh, inhibit cgth 125i specific binding in a dose-dependent way. however, a high membrane concentration can bind hcg 125i and this binding is partly inhibited by excess hcg, thus suggesting the existence of a relativel ...	1987	3817443
mechanism of synthesis and localization of mitochondrial and cytosolic fumarases in rat liver.	fumarases in the mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions of rat liver were separately purified and crystallized. these two fumarases were not distinguishable in physicochemical, catalytic, or immunochemical properties. the sequences of seven amino acids in the c-terminal portions of the two fumarases were shown using carboxypeptidase p to be identical, i.e.-val-asp-glu-thr-ala-leu-lys-. the amino acid sequence of the n-terminal portion of the mitochondrial fumarase was determined by the edman meth ...	1986	3812085
[clinical picture of partial monosomy of chromosome 11 q].	a ten months old male infant was found to have a de-novo-deletion of the long arm of chromosome 11 (q23----qter). with regard to previous reports the combination of the following signs seems to be pathognomonic for partial monosomy of the long arm of chromosome 11: trigonocephaly, abnormal palpebral fissure, epicanthus, broad and depressed nasal bridge, carp shaped mouth, low-set malformed ears and statomotoric retardation. cerebral atrophy, bns-seizures, hypsarrhythmia and persistent leukocytop ...	1986	3807920
pituitary gland of the exotic carp, carassius carassius linn., with reference to the histocytology of the adenohypophysis in conjunction to male and female rhythms of reproduction.	the pituitaries of the exotic carp (carassius carassius) are studied at the light microscopic level, for the characterization of the adenohypophysial cell-types with particular emphasis to the gonadotropic potency of the pituitary in relation to the annual reproductive patterns. the gland in the fish is of the cranioleptobasic type. based on the classical staining methods and localization of the differential cell-types, the adenohypophysis of the fish can be subdivided into the rostral (rpd) and ...	1986	3803862
the amino-terminal sequences of four major carp gamma-crystallin polypeptides and their homology with frog and calf gamma-crystallins.	four major gamma-crystallin subfractions have been isolated from the carp (cyprinus carpio) and their n-terminal sequences determined by edman protein sequencing. extensive homologies indicative of close relatedness in their primary structure were found in these four gamma-crystallin polypeptides. comparison of the carp n-terminal sequences with those of mammalian and amphibian gamma-crystallins also showed a high degree of homology present in their n-terminal segments despite the dissimilarity ...	1986	3803569
presence of tonofilaments and thymic serum factor (fts) in thymic epithelial cells of a fresh water fish (carp: cyprinus carpio) and a sea water fish (bass: dicentrarchus labrax).	using indirect immunofluorescence we demonstrated the presence of fts in two fishes; the size of epithelial cells of the carp is smaller than of the bass.	1986	3798525
interaction between the soma and the axon terminal of retinal horizontal cells in cyprinus carpio.	intracellular recordings were made from the monophasic horizontal cells of the carp retina which are known to respond with a sustained hyperpolarization to all visible monochromatic light. the receptive field of each subcellular structure, the soma and the axon terminal, was determined using a long narrow slit of light. somata and axon terminals showed receptive fields that encompassed almost the entire retina. this observation suggests that each aggregate of the subcellular parts forms a syncti ...	1986	3795056
morphology of physiologically identified bipolar cells in the retina of the tiger salamander, ambystoma tigrinum.	intracellular recordings of the light responses of bipolar cells were made in the isolated perfused retina of the larval tiger salamander by microelectrodes filled with a 1% solution of the enzyme horseradish peroxidase (hrp). two classes of bipolar cell were identified in terms of their responses to luminous spots and annuli centered upon their receptive fields: on-center cells, which depolarized in response to a centered spot and hyperpolarized in response to a concentric annulus, and off-cent ...	1986	3793974
development and validation of a salmon growth hormone radioimmunoassay.	a highly specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay (ria) for the measurement of plasma and pituitary growth hormone (gh) levels in salmonid fishes was developed using an anti-serum raised in rabbit against chum salmon (oncorhynchus keta) gh (sgh). pituitary extracts and plasma from chum, coho, masu, and amago salmon, and from rainbow trout and japanese charr, all exhibited displacement curves parallel to the sgh standard. samples from the eel, carp, goldfish, and tilapia, as well as plasma from hy ...	1986	3781223
changes in gonadotropin and ovarian steroids associated with oocytes maturation during spawning induction in the carp.	the present study correlates the profiles of certain ovarian steroid hormones with stages of oocyte maturation in common carp induced to spawn by classic hypophysation. sixteen females were injected at midday with a calibrated homologous pituitary extract (cpe) containing 0.07 mg immunoreactive cgth/kg body wt, as a priming dose. ten of those females were injected 11 hr later with cpe containing 0.35 mg ir cgth/kg body wt as an induction dose (group p + in). the other females were left without f ...	1986	3781219
xanes spectroscopy of carp hemoglobin-iron in correlation with the affinity changes of the protein for ligand.	the strong variation of ligand-binding properties with ph for carp hemoglobin is not reflected in the electronic distribution of the heme-iron. thus, we can suppose that hemoglobin affinity is directly controlled by the protein and by some particular changes of the iron atom.	1986	3780971
persistence of methyl parathion in a carp rearing pond.		1986	3779154
[interaction of histone h1 molecules in a solution].	molecules of histones h1 isolated from the calf thymus, carp testicles and spermatozoa as well as trypsin-stable fragments of these proteins have been studied from the standpoint of their structure and interaction using methods of differential spectrophotometry, gel filtration and turbidimetry. the globular structure of histone h1 of the calf thymus is formed with an increase in the ionic strength of the medium and it is eluted as dimer with gel chromatography. with a considerable local increase ...	1986	3775878
species variation of gonadotropic activity in an in vitro assay measuring androgen formation by carp (cyprinus carpio) testis with special reference to bioassay of piscine gonadotropins.	the objectives of this study were to establish a suitable and validated in vitro bioassay of piscine gonadotropins (gths) by using a carp testis androgen production system and to compare the androgenic responses in such an assay to gonadotropins from various vertebrate species. the testes from mature carp with gonadosomatic indices of 8-30% were used. androgen production was first compared with respect to methods for preparation of the carp testis (sliced, minced, homogenized, and collagenase-di ...	1986	3770434
immunization of carp (cyprinus carpio) with a vibrio anguillarum bacterin: indications for a common mucosal immune system.	uptake and transport of formalin-killed vibrio anguillarum bacteria were studied in the second gut segment of carp and the resulting reaction of the immune system was investigated. within a few hours after anal administration antigenic determinants of bacteria were present in intraepithelial macrophages of the second gut segment. in gut and skin mucus and bile, immunoglobulins (ig's) were detected, but the amount was much lower than found in serum. in mucus of the second gut segment, 4 times mor ...	1986	3770268
analysis of zeros of binding polynomials for tetrameric hemoglobins.	a quantitative measure of the validity of the mwc description of cooperative binding equilibria has been obtained which uses only the adair constants. this is accomplished through simple relationships using the zeros of the adair binding polynomial and unique properties of the zeros of mwc polynomials as described in the accompanying paper (w.e. briggs, biophys. chem. 24 (1986) 311). the method is applied to oxygen binding to a large number of hemoglobins under a wide variety of conditions. in m ...	1986	3768473