Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| use of the mobile nylon bag technique to determine the digestible energy content of traditional and non-traditional feeds for swine. | the following experiment was conducted using the mobile nylon bag technique (mnbt) to determine dry matter and energy digestibility in traditional feeds as well as non-traditional feeds in order to calculate digestible energy (de) values for use in ration formulation programmes. a total of 22 ingredients were tested in this experiment including the traditional cereal grains barley, corn, oats and wheat, as well as secondary cereal grains such as normal and low viscosity rye, low lignin and high ... | 2004 | 15570743 |
| drought controls on h2o2 accumulation, catalase (cat) activity and cat gene expression in wheat. | plants co-ordinate information derived from many diverse external and internal signals to ensure appropriate control of gene expression under optimal and stress conditions. in this work, the relationships between catalase (cat) and h2o2 during drought in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) are studied. drought-induced h2o2 accumulation correlated with decreases in soil water content and co2 assimilation. leaf h2o2 content increased even though total cat activity doubled under severe drought conditions. ... | 2005 | 15569704 |
| the relation of starch phosphorylases to starch metabolism in wheat. | tissues of wheat (triticum aestivum l., var. star) exhibit three starch phosphorylase activity forms resolved by non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel affinity electrophoresis (p1, p2 and p3). compartmentation analysis of young leaf tissues showed that p3 is plastidic, whereas p1 and p2 are cytosolic. p1 exhibits a strong binding affinity to immobilized glycogen upon electrophoresis, whereas p2 and the chloroplastic p3 do not. cytosolic leaf phosphorylase was purified to homogeneity by affinity chro ... | 2004 | 15564531 |
| new taxi-type xylanase inhibitor genes are inducible by pathogens and wounding in hexaploid wheat. | taxi-i (triticum aestivum xylanase inhibitor i) is a wheat grain protein that inhibits arabinoxylan fragmentation by microbial endo-beta-1,4-xylanases used in the food industry. although taxi was speculated to be involved in counterattack against pathogens, there is actually no evidence to support this hypothesis. we have now demonstrated the presence of taxi family members with isolation of two mrna species, taxi-iii and taxi-iv. at the nucleotide sequence level, taxi-iii and taxi-iv were 91.7% ... | 2004 | 15564518 |
| a nearest-neighboring-end algorithm for genetic mapping. | high-throughput methods are beginning to make possible the genotyping of thousands of loci in thousands of individuals, which could be useful for tightly associating phenotypes to candidate loci. current mapping algorithms cannot handle so many data without building hierarchies of framework maps. | 2005 | 15564296 |
| induction of cytoplasmic mannose-binding jacalin-related lectins is a common phenomenon in cereals treated with jasmonate methyl ester. | treatment of whole plants with jasmonic acid methyl ester induces lectin activity in leaves of oryza sativa, hordeum vulgare, triticum vulgare, secale cereale and zea mays. purification and characterization of the lectins revealed that they all have a very similar molecular structure and carbohydrate-binding properties. further analysis of the cdna clones encoding the lectins revealed that they all belong to the family of cytoplasmic mannose-specific jacalin-related lectins. | 0 | 15560260 |
| relationship between atpase activity and conjugated polyamines in mitochondrial membrane from wheat seedling roots under osmotic stress. | the effects of osmotic stress on the atpase activity, the contents of -sh group and conjugated polyamines in mitochondrial membrane from wheat seedling [triticum aestivum l. cv. yumai no. 18 (drought-tolerant) and cv. yumai no. 9 (drought-sensitive)] roots were investigated. the results showed that atpase activity and -sh group content decreased with polyethylene glycol(peg) 6000(-0.55 mpa) treatment for 7 d, in concert with the decrease of the ratio of noncovalently conjugated spermidine (ncc-s ... | 2004 | 15559797 |
| [resistance to fungal diseases in hybrid progeny from crosses between common wheat variety saratovskaia 29 and the amphidiploid triticum timopheevii/triticum tauschii (aaggdd)]. | the progeny of bc6f2-bc9f(2)-4 has been analyzed for resistance to brown rust (lr genes) and powdery mildew (pm genes). this progeny was obtained due to introgression of the alien material from the synthetic hexaploid wheat triticum timopheevii/aegilops squarrosa (= triticum tauschii aaggdd, 2n = 42) into the common wheat variety saratovskaya 29. against the background of natural infection, the lines resistant to both diseases and to either of them were developed. the brown-rust and powdery-mild ... | 2004 | 15559157 |
| [barley chromosome identification using genomic in situ hybridization in the genome of backcrossed progeny of barley-wheat amphiploids [h. geniculatum all. (2n = 28) x t. aestivum l. (2n = 42)] (2n = 70)]. | genomic in situ hybridization (gish) has been used to study characteristics of the formation of alloplasmic lines detected among self-pollinated backcrossed progeny (bc1f5-bc1f8) of barley--wheat amphiploids [hordeum geniculatum all. (2n = 28) x triticum aestivum l. (2n = 42)] (2n = 70). the chromosome material of the wild barley h. geniculatum has been shown to contribute to these lines. for example, fifth-generation plants (bc1f5) had genotypes (2n = 42w + 2g), (2n = 42w + 1g + 1tg), and (2n = ... | 2004 | 15559151 |
| [the effect of lr19-translocation on in vitro androgenesis and inheritance of leaf-rust resistance in dh3 lines and f2 hybrids of common wheat]. | leaf-rust resistance and androgenesis were studied in the anther cultures of triticum aestivum l., which included saratovskaya 29 cultivar, the isogenic line ps29, and three f1 hybrids (l503/s55, l504/s58, ats7/l1063) with 7ds-7dl-7ae#1l translocation of lr19 gene (lr19 translocation) from agropyron elongatum (host) p.b. the lr19 translocation was shown to affect the induction of embryogenesis and green plant regeneration. the frequencies of lr19 translocation differed in f2 hybrids obtained by ... | 2004 | 15559150 |
| qtl analysis and comparative genomics of herbage quality traits in perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l.). | genetic control of herbage quality variation was assessed through the use of the molecular marker-based reference genetic map of perennial ryegrass (lolium perenne l.). the restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp), amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) and genomic dna-derived simple sequence repeat-based (ssr) framework marker set was enhanced, with rflp loci corresponding to genes for key enzymes involved in lignin biosynthesis and fructan metabolism. quality traits such as crude ... | 2005 | 15558228 |
| [effect of salicylic acid on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in wheat under conditions of salination]. | the effect of pretreatment with 0.05 mm salicylic acid (sa) on the activity of superoxide dismutase (sod) and peroxidase in the roots of four-day-old seedlings of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was studied under conditions of salination. the level of the stress-induced accumulation of active oxygen species and, therefore, activities of sod and peroxidase in seedlings pretreated with sa were significantly lower than in untreated seedlings, which indicates that these enzymes contribute to the protec ... | 2015 | 15553791 |
| detection and mapping of qtl for earliness components in a bread wheat recombinant inbred lines population. | earliness, an adaptative trait and factor of variation for agronomic characters, is a major trait in plant breeding. its constituent traits, photoperiod sensitivity (ps), vernalization requirement (vr) and intrinsic earliness (ie), are largely under independent genetic controls. mapping of major genes and quantitative trait loci (qtl) controlling these components is in progress. most of the studies focusing on earliness considered it as a whole or through one (or two) of its components. the purp ... | 2004 | 15551039 |
| two quality-associated hmw glutenin subunits in a somatic hybrid line between triticum aestivum and agropyron elongatum. | high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gss) from hybrid line ii-12 between wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and agropyron elongatum (host) nivski were characterized with sds-page. out of these hmw-gss, two subunits, h1bx and h1by, had mobilities similar to the subunits 1bx13 and 1by16 from common wheat 4072, which was used as control. polyclonal antibodies (pabs) of h1bx and h1by were prepared, and western blotting showed that the pabs had strong affinities for h1bx and h1by, separately. the s ... | 2004 | 15551037 |
| single and joint toxicity of chlorimuron-ethyl, cadmium, and copper acting on wheat triticum aestivum. | investigation of the toxicological effects of some agricultural pollutants on germination rate and on shoot and root elongation of wheat (triticum aestivum) was carried out. seeds of wheat were exposed to various concentrations of chlorimuron-ethyl with or without cadmium and copper addition. the inhibitory rates of seed germination and shoot and root elongation of wheat were calculated. significant linear relationships between the root and shoot elongation and the concentration of chlorimuron-e ... | 2005 | 15546632 |
| sex ratios of sitodiplosis mosellana (diptera: cecidomyiidae): implications for pest management in wheat (poaceae). | sex ratios of populations of the wheat midge sitodiplosis mosellana gehin, developing on wheat triticum aestivum l., were determined at reproduction, adult emergence, and dispersal. the patterns of sex ratio through the life cycle of s. mosellana result from: (i) a genetic mechanism that causes all or nearly all of the progeny of individual females to be a single sex, with an overall sex ratio that is slightly biased at 54-57% females; (ii) a differential mortality during diapause that increases ... | 2004 | 15541195 |
| a biocatalyst for the removal of sulfite from alcoholic beverages. | the presence of sulfites in alcoholic beverages, particularly in wines, can cause allergic responses with symptoms ranging from mild gastrointestinal problems to life threatening anaphylactic shock in a substantial portion of the population. we have developed a simple and inexpensive biocatalytic method that employs wheatgrass (triticum aestivum) chloroplasts for the efficient oxidation of sulfites in wines to innocuous sulfates. a sufficiently high rate of sulfite oxidation was obtained in the ... | 2005 | 15540199 |
| radionuclide transport above a near-surface water table: iv. soil migration and crop uptake of chlorine-36 and technetium-99, 1990 to 1993. | vertical distributions of (36)cl and (99)tc are presented from deep and shallow lysimeters above artificially controlled water tables for a 4-yr experiment from 1990 to 1993. activity concentration profiles were all measured in late summer when a winter wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. pastiche) crop was harvested. after harvest, activity concentrations in different organs of the crop were determined and crop uptake quantified as both an inventory ratio (ir) and a transfer factor (tf(w)), weighte ... | 2013 | 15537950 |
| selective transcriptional down-regulation of anther invertases precedes the failure of pollen development in water-stressed wheat. | water deficit during male meiosis in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) causes pollen sterility. with a view to identifying the internal trigger for this failure, it was found that water stress specifically impairs the activities of vacuolar and cell-wall invertases in anthers prior to the arrest of pollen development. the enzymes are affected only when water deficit occurs around meiosis. three invertase cdnas, two encoding the cell-wall (ivr1, ivr3) and one the vacuolar (ivr5) isoform, were isolated ... | 2005 | 15533880 |
| immunochemical approach to the problem of differential determination of natural forms of abscisic acid. | an original modification of the standard elisa procedure for differential determination of different forms of abscisic acid (aba) is proposed. it is shown that endogenous forms of aba may be quantitatively determined in plant tissues subjected to minimal treatment, without purification of the hormones and their chemical modification. the modification has been approved when analyzing changes in the content of different aba forms in plant tissues differing in physiological activity. quantitative d ... | 2004 | 15527409 |
| fingerprinting of common wheat cultivars with an alw44i-based aflp method. | a simplified aflp method, based on methylation-sensitive alw44i restriction endonuclease, has been developed and evaluated for fingerprinting 15 wheat cultivars. the selected germplasms represented groups of spring and winter wheats with and without the 1bl.1rs translocation. ten selective primers yielded 57 markers, including 19 polymorphic bands. three markers (15.8%) were specific to wheat carrying the 1bl.1rs translocation, thus conflicting with the frequency expected by random marker distri ... | 2004 | 15523150 |
| effect of chemical amendments on the concentration of cadmium and lead in long-term contaminated soils. | the availability of metal in contaminated soil can be reduced by the addition of soil amendments. the objectives of this study are to study the effects of applying different soil amendments on the concentration of cd and pb in soil solution, dtpa or edta extractable cd and pb, and the uptake of cd and pb by wheat (triticum vulgare) when growing in long-term cd and pb-contaminated soils, more than 20 years. the soil amendments, including check, compost, zinc oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium carb ... | 2004 | 15519390 |
| a rapid response of beta-amylase to nitric oxide but not gibberellin in wheat seeds during the early stage of germination. | the effects of nitric oxide (no) and gibberellic acid (ga(3)) on the responses of amylases in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seeds (caryopses) were investigated during the first 12 h of germination. ga(3) had no effects on the activities of alpha-amylase (ec 3.2.1.1) or beta-amylase (ec 3.2.1.2), either in intact seeds or embryoless halves within 12 h. in contrast, addition of sodium nitroprusside (snp), an no donor, was able to induce a rapid increase in beta-amylase activity without affecting al ... | 2005 | 15517355 |
| construction of a full-length cdna library from young spikelets of hexaploid wheat and its characterization by large-scale sequencing of expressed sequence tags. | the polyploid nature of wheat is a key characteristic of the plant. full-length complementary dnas (cdnas) provide essential information that can be used to annotate the genes and provide a functional analysis of these genes and their products. we constructed a full-length cdna library derived from young spikelets of common wheat, and obtained 24056 expressed sequence tags (ests) from both ends of the cdna clones. these ests were grouped into 3605 contigs using the phrap method, representing exp ... | 2004 | 15514442 |
| a chromosome bin map of 16,000 expressed sequence tag loci and distribution of genes among the three genomes of polyploid wheat. | because of the huge size of the common wheat (triticum aestivum l., 2n = 6x = 42, aabbdd) genome of 17,300 mb, sequencing and mapping of the expressed portion is a logical first step for gene discovery. here we report mapping of 7104 expressed sequence tag (est) unigenes by southern hybridization into a chromosome bin map using a set of wheat aneuploids and deletion stocks. each est detected a mean of 4.8 restriction fragments and 2.8 loci. more loci were mapped in the b genome (5774) than in th ... | 2004 | 15514046 |
| a chromosome bin map of 2148 expressed sequence tag loci of wheat homoeologous group 7. | the objectives of this study were to develop a high-density chromosome bin map of homoeologous group 7 in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.), to identify gene distribution in these chromosomes, and to perform comparative studies of wheat with rice and barley. we mapped 2148 loci from 919 est clones onto group 7 chromosomes of wheat. in the majority of cases the numbers of loci were significantly lower in the centromeric regions and tended to increase in the distal regions. the level of dupli ... | 2004 | 15514045 |
| deletion mapping of homoeologous group 6-specific wheat expressed sequence tags. | to localize wheat (triticum aestivum l.) ests on chromosomes, 882 homoeologous group 6-specific ests were identified by physically mapping 7965 singletons from 37 cdna libraries on 146 chromosome, arm, and sub-arm aneuploid and deletion stocks. the 882 ests were physically mapped to 25 regions (bins) flanked by 23 deletion breakpoints. of the 5154 restriction fragments detected by 882 ests, 2043 (loci) were localized to group 6 chromosomes and 806 were mapped on other chromosome groups. the numb ... | 2004 | 15514044 |
| analysis of expressed sequence tag loci on wheat chromosome group 4. | a total of 1918 loci, detected by the hybridization of 938 expressed sequence tag unigenes (ests) from 26 triticeae cdna libraries, were mapped to wheat (triticum aestivum l.) homoeologous group 4 chromosomes using a set of deletion, ditelosomic, and nulli-tetrasomic lines. the 1918 est loci were not distributed uniformly among the three group 4 chromosomes; 41, 28, and 31% mapped to chromosomes 4a, 4b, and 4d, respectively. this pattern is in contrast to the cumulative results of est mapping in ... | 2004 | 15514042 |
| group 3 chromosome bin maps of wheat and their relationship to rice chromosome 1. | the focus of this study was to analyze the content, distribution, and comparative genome relationships of 996 chromosome bin-mapped expressed sequence tags (ests) accounting for 2266 restriction fragments (loci) on the homoeologous group 3 chromosomes of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). of these loci, 634, 884, and 748 were mapped on chromosomes 3a, 3b, and 3d, respectively. the individual chromosome bin maps revealed bins with a high density of mapped ests in the distal region and bins o ... | 2004 | 15514041 |
| chromosome bin map of expressed sequence tags in homoeologous group 1 of hexaploid wheat and homoeology with rice and arabidopsis. | a total of 944 expressed sequence tags (ests) generated 2212 est loci mapped to homoeologous group 1 chromosomes in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.). est deletion maps and the consensus map of group 1 chromosomes were constructed to show est distribution. est loci were unevenly distributed among chromosomes 1a, 1b, and 1d with 660, 826, and 726, respectively. the number of est loci was greater on the long arms than on the short arms for all three chromosomes. the distribution of ests along ... | 2004 | 15514039 |
| construction and evaluation of cdna libraries for large-scale expressed sequence tag sequencing in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | a total of 37 original cdna libraries and 9 derivative libraries enriched for rare sequences were produced from chinese spring wheat (triticum aestivum l.), five other hexaploid wheat genotypes (cheyenne, brevor, tam w101, bh1146, butte 86), tetraploid durum wheat (t. turgidum l.), diploid wheat (t. monococcum l.), and two other diploid members of the grass tribe triticeae (aegilops speltoides tausch and secale cereale l.). the emphasis in the choice of plant materials for library construction w ... | 2004 | 15514038 |
| development of an expressed sequence tag (est) resource for wheat (triticum aestivum l.): est generation, unigene analysis, probe selection and bioinformatics for a 16,000-locus bin-delineated map. | this report describes the rationale, approaches, organization, and resource development leading to a large-scale deletion bin map of the hexaploid (2n = 6x = 42) wheat genome (triticum aestivum l.). accompanying reports in this issue detail results from chromosome bin-mapping of expressed sequence tags (ests) representing genes onto the seven homoeologous chromosome groups and a global analysis of the entire mapped wheat est data set. among the resources developed were the first extensive public ... | 2004 | 15514037 |
| retention and phytoavailability of radioniobium in soils. | radioniobium is present in long-lived nuclear waste as a result of the activation of zirconium pellets associated with the nuclear fuel. the behaviour of niobium (nb) in the environment and especially its fate in the soil-plant system has not been thoroughly investigated so far. in safety assessment of french long-lived nuclear waste disposal, data concerning the mobility and the bioavailability of nb in soils are needed as well as general trends of its fate in the specific environment around th ... | 2005 | 15511567 |
| responses of female orange wheat blossom midge, sitodiplosis mosellana, to wheat panicle volatiles. | air entrainment samples of volatiles from panicles of intact wheat, triticum aestivum, cultivar 'lynx' were collected at the ear emergence/early anthesis growth stage. in an olfactometer bioassay, both freshly cut panicles and an air entrainment sample were found to attract female orange wheat blossom midge adults, sitodiplosis mosellana. coupled gas chromatography-electroantennography (gc-eag) analyses of panicle volatiles located six electrophysiologically active components. these were identif ... | 2004 | 15503522 |
| chemical alteration of the rhizosphere of the mycorrhizal-colonized wheat root. | plexiglass pot growth chamber experiments were conducted to evaluate the chemical alterations in the rhizosphere of mycorrhizal wheat roots after inoculation with glomus intraradices [arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (amf)]. exchange resins were used as sinks for nutrients to determine whether the inoculated plant can increase the solubility and the uptake of p and micronutrients. treatments included: (1) soil (bulk soil); (2) amf inoculation no p addition (i-p); (3) no inoculation with no p additi ... | 2005 | 15503187 |
| effect of salinity on tissue architecture in expanding wheat leaves. | salinity greatly reduces the leaf cross-sectional area of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) during its development, which may lead to variation in the architectural properties of growing leaves that would result in a change in leaf physiological functions. our objective was to characterize the effect of salinity on the spatial distribution of the cross-sectional area and the anatomy of large and small veins of a growing wheat leaf. spring wheat was grown in a growth chamber in soils with or without 1 ... | 2005 | 15503127 |
| sequence composition, organization, and evolution of the core triticeae genome. | we investigated the composition and the basis of genome expansion in the core triticeae genome using aegilops tauschii, the d-genome donor of bread wheat. we sequenced an unfiltered genomic shotgun (trs) and a methylation-filtration (tmf) library of a. tauschii, and analyzed wheat expressed sequence tags (ests) to estimate the expression of genes and transposable elements (tes). the sampled d-genome sequences consisted of 91.6% repetitive elements, 2.5% known genes, and 5.9% low-copy sequences o ... | 2004 | 15500466 |
| the pyridoxal kinase gene tapdxk from wheat complements vitamin b6 synthesis-defective escherichia coli. | pyridoxal kinase (ec 2.7.1.35) is a key enzyme in the conversion of vitamin b6 to pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (plp). plp is the crucial cofactor required by numerous enzymes involved in amino acids metabolism. recently, studies with arabidopsis salt overly sensitive 4 mutants demonstrated that pyridoxal kinase is a novel salt tolerance determinant important for the regulation of na+ and k+ homeostasis in plants. we describe here the tapdxk gene which encodes a pyridoxal kinase, cloned from triticum a ... | 2004 | 15499907 |
| simultaneous painting of three genomes in hexaploid wheat by bac-fish. | fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) is widely used in the physical mapping of genes and chromosome landmarks in plants and animals. bacterial artificial chromosomes (bacs) contain large inserts, making them amenable for fish mapping. in our bac-fish experiments, we selected 56 restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp)-locus-specific bac clones from the libraries of triticum monococcum and aegilops tauschii, which are the a- and d-genome donors of wheat (triticum aestivum, 2n = 6x = 4 ... | 2004 | 15499412 |
| development and mapping of est-derived simple sequence repeat markers for hexaploid wheat. | expressed sequence tags (ests) are a valuable source of molecular markers. to enhance the resolution of an existing linkage map and to identify putative functional polymorphic gene loci in hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.), over 260,000 ests from 5 different grass species were analyzed and 5418 ssr-containing sequences were identified. using sequence similarity analysis, 156 cross-species superclusters and 138 singletons were used to develop primer pairs, which were then tested on the genom ... | 2004 | 15499395 |
| nitrogen fixation in wheat provided by klebsiella pneumoniae 342. | in this report, all of the criteria necessary for the demonstration of nitrogen fixation in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), the world's most important crop, are shown upon inoculation with a nitrogen-fixing bacterium, klebsiella pneumoniae 342 (kp342). kp342 relieved nitrogen (n) deficiency symptoms and increased total n and n concentration in the plant. nitrogen fixation was confirmed by 15n isotope dilution in the plant tissue and in a plant product, chlorophyll. all of these observations were i ... | 2004 | 15497400 |
| quantitative analyses of relationships between ecotoxicological effects and combined pollution. | the responses of wheat triticum aestivum, rice oryza sativa, earthworms eisenia foetida, and prawns penaeus japonicus to combined acetochlor-cu, cd-zn were studied in hydroponic and soil-culturing systems using the methods of ecotoxicology. in particular, systematically quantitative analyses were documented by field experiments. results showed that ecotoxicological effects under the combined pollution were not only related to chemical properties of pollutants but also dependent on the concentrat ... | 2004 | 15493474 |
| a high-density microsatellite consensus map for bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | a microsatellite consensus map was constructed by joining four independent genetic maps of bread wheat. three of the maps were f(1)-derived, doubled-haploid line populations and the fourth population was 'synthetic' x 'opata', an f(6)-derived, recombinant-inbred line population. microsatellite markers from different research groups including the wheat microsatellite consortium, gwm, gdm, cfa, cfd, and barc were used in the mapping. a sufficient number of common loci between genetic maps, ranging ... | 2004 | 15490101 |
| [a preliminary study on gene expression profile induced by water stress in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedling]. | in the present research, suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) and high density membrane techniques were employed to analysis genes induced by water stress in wheat seedling at 2-leaf stage. the purpose was to comprehensively understand the genetic bases of drought resistance and to find the key genes related to drought resistance in wheat. a total of 181 positive clones were obtained by screening the ssh library including 1 530 individual recombinant clones. the result of the sequence hom ... | 2004 | 15481541 |
| an efficient method for flow cytometric analysis of pollen and detection of 2n nuclei in brassica napus pollen. | a simple and reliable method was developed for isolating pollen nuclei from brassica napus and triticum aestivum for dna analysis using flow cytometry. the nuclei were released from pollen by ultrasonic treatment. the isolated nuclei following filtration through nylon mesh and a purification procedure were suitable for flow cytometric analysis as well as for isolating genomic dna. ultrasonic treatment time was optimized for b. napus pollen at different developmental stages. the method is effecti ... | 2004 | 15480680 |
| degradation studies on benzoxazinoids. soil degradation dynamics of 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-(2h)-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4h)-one (dimboa) and its degradation products, phytotoxic allelochemicals from gramineae. | benzoxazinoids have been described as important allelochemicals from gramineae as well as acanthaceae, rannunculaceae, and scrophulariaceae plants. several bioactivities have been described and evaluated for these compounds, including fungistatic, antifeedant, and phytotoxic. in ongoing studies about allelochemicals as natural herbicide models, the description of soil dynamics in phytotoxic agents has high importance, because the possible biotransformations developed by soil microorganisms could ... | 2004 | 15478999 |
| transformation of fulvic substances in the rhizosphere during phytoremediation of used motor oil. | changes in the chemical composition of fulvic acids in used oil-contaminated soils treated with different plant species and fertilization (fertilized, f; and nonfertilized, nf) were analyzed by fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (ftir). soil contaminated with 1.5% (w/w) used motor oil was seeded with sunflower (helianthus annuus)/indian mustard (brassica juncea); soybean (glycine max)/green bean (phaseolus vulgaris); mixed grasses/maize (zea mays); mixed clover (red clover, trifolium prat ... | 2004 | 15478929 |
| engineering high-level aluminum tolerance in barley with the almt1 gene. | acidity is a serious limitation to plant production on many of the world's agricultural soils. toxic aluminium (al) cations solubilized by the acidity rapidly inhibit root growth and limit subsequent uptake of water and nutrients. recent work has shown that the almt1 gene of wheat (triticum aestivum) encodes a malate transporter that is associated with malate efflux and al tolerance. we generated transgenic barley (hordeum vulgare) plants expressing almt1 and assessed their ability to exude mala ... | 2004 | 15471989 |
| compositions and sorptive properties of crop residue-derived chars. | chars originating from the burning or pyrolysis of vegetation may significantly sorb neutral organic contaminants (nocs). to evaluate the relationship between the char composition and noc sorption, a series of char samples were generated by pyrolyzing a wheat residue (triticum aestivum l.) for 6 h at temperatures between 300 degrees c and 700 degrees c and analyzed for their elemental compositions, surface areas, and surface functional groups. the samples were then studied for their abilities to ... | 2004 | 15461175 |
| [effect of the 5r(5a) alien chromosome substitution on the growth habit and winter hardiness of wheat]. | the growth habit, ear emergence time, and frost tolerance of wheat/rye substitution lines have been studied in cultivars rang and mironovskaya krupnozernaya whose chromosome 5a is substituted with chromosome 5r of onkhoyskaya rye. hybrid analysis has demonstrated that the spring habit of the recipient cultivars rang and mironovskaya krupnozernaya is controlled by dominant gene vrn-a1 located in chromosome 5a. onokhoyskaya rye has a dominant gene for the spring habit (sp1) located in chromosome 5 ... | 2004 | 15458211 |
| durum wheat as a candidate for the unknown female progenitor of bread wheat: an empirical study with a highly fertile f1 hybrid with aegilops tauschii coss. | hexaploid bread wheat was derived from a hybrid cross between a cultivated form of tetraploid triticum wheat (female progenitor) and a wild diploid species, aegilops tauschii coss. (male progenitor). this cross produced a fertile triploid f1 hybrid that set hexaploid seeds. the identity of the female progenitor is unknown, but various cultivated tetraploid triticum wheats exist today. genetic and archaeological evidence suggests that durum wheat ( t. turgidum ssp. durum) may be the female progen ... | 2004 | 15448900 |
| determination and evaluation of the sequence and textural effects of the puroindoline a and puroindoline b genes in a population of synthetic hexaploid wheat. | aegilops tauschii (2 n=2 x=14, dd) is a rich source of genetic variability for hexaploid wheat ( triticum aestivum, 2 n=6 x=42, aabbdd) improvement. this variability can be accessed through utilizing synthetic hexaploid wheat lines, which contain genomes from ae. tauschii and t. turgidum (2 n=4 x=28, aabb). numerous desirable characteristics can and have been introgressed into common hexaploid wheat with this germplasm. in this work, the genetic variability in the two puroindoline genes (a and b ... | 2004 | 15448897 |
| auxin induces an increase of ca2+ concentration in the cytosol of wheat leaf protoplasts. | auxin addition to protoplasts isolated from leaves of 6-day-old wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum l. cv. kadett) induced a rapid increase in the cytosolic calcium concentration [ca2+]cyt. the shifts in [ca2+]cyt were detected by use of fluorescence microscopy in single protoplasts loaded with the calcium binding tetra[acetoxymethyl]ester of the fluorescent dye, fura 2. addition of the synthetic auxin naphthyl acetic acid, 1-naa, induced an increase in [ca2+]cyt within 5-10s, while the physiolog ... | 2004 | 15384405 |
| molecular cloning and comparative analysis of a y-type inactive hmw glutenin subunit gene from cultivated emmer wheat (triticum dicoccum l.). | cultivated emmer (triticum dicoccum, 2n = 4x = 28, aabb) is closely related to bread wheat and possesses extensive allelic variations in high molecular weight glutenin subunit (hmw-gs) composition. these alleles may be an important genetic resource for wheat quality improvement. to isolate and clone hmw-gs genes from cultivated emmer, two pairs of allele-specific (as) pcr primers were designed to amplify the coding sequence of y-type hmw-gs genes and their upstream sequences, respectively. the r ... | 2004 | 15383071 |
| characterization of the common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) mutation line producing three pistils in a floret. | in a normal wheat (triticum ssp.l.) spike, one floret carries only one pistil that will further develop into one grain after fertilization. the cultivated common wheat (t. aestivum l.) mutation line three pistils (tp) carried three pistils in a floret. although one or two of the pistils died out before seed set in some florets, there were exist many florets that set three seeds. normally, it was observed that there were one to three seeds in different florets of the same spike. therefore, this m ... | 2004 | 15383067 |
| interactions among factors regulating phenological development and acclimation rate determine low-temperature tolerance in wheat. | exposure to low temperatures (lt) produces innumerable changes in morphological, biochemical and physiological characteristics of plants, with the result that it has been difficult to separate cause and effect adjustments to lt. phenotypic studies have shown that the lt-induced protective mechanisms in cereals are developmentally regulated and involve an acclimation process that can be stopped, reversed and restarted. the present study was initiated to separate the developmental factors determin ... | 0 | 15374834 |
| [comparative characteristics of reproduction of the wheat striped mosaic virus in winter and spring triticum aestivum l. in natural agrocoenosis and during clinostatting]. | microgravity (a transformed environment) was produced with the use of a multi-purpose clinostat. object of the investigation was wheat striped mosaic virus (wsmv) affecting a great variety of wheat species in natural agrocoenosis, and super-dwarf cultivar apogee in the transformed environment. enzyme immunodetection (das-elisa) as well as electron microscopy were employed for virus identification. viral reproduction was found high (titre 1/2560) in winter and spring wheat species in agrocoenosis ... | 2006 | 15372798 |
| wheat (triticum vulgare) chloroplast nuclease chsi exhibits 5' flap structure-specific endonuclease activity. | the structure-specific chsi nuclease from wheat (triticum vulgare) chloroplast stroma has been previously purified and characterized in our laboratory. it is a single-strand-specific dna and rna endonuclease. although the enzyme has been initially characterized and used as a structural probe, its biological function is still unknown. localization of the chsi enzyme inside chloroplasts, possessing their own dna that is generally highly exposed to uv light and often affected by numerous redox reac ... | 2004 | 15366938 |
| construction of a subgenomic bac library specific for chromosomes 1d, 4d and 6d of hexaploid wheat. | the analysis of the hexaploid wheat genome (triticum aestivum l., 2 n=6 x=42) is hampered by its large size (16,974 mb/1c) and presence of three homoeologous genomes (a, b and d). one of the possible strategies is a targeted approach based on subgenomic libraries of large dna inserts. in this work, we purified by flow cytometry a total of 10(7) of three wheat d-genome chromosomes: 1d, 4d and 6d. chromosomal dna was partially digested with hindiii and used to prepare a specific bacterial artifici ... | 2004 | 15365624 |
| 1h magnetization transfer in hydrated gluten and flour: effects of wheat aging. | the interaction of water with flour or gluten in hydrated samples was investigated by proton magnetization transfer measurements. flour and gluten from both durum and bread wheat seeds, either unaged or artificially aged over different periods of time, were investigated. measurements were performed at several radio frequency power levels and frequency offsets, and the data were quantitatively modeled by two interacting pools, a liquid (water) and a solid (macromolecules) one. a super-lorentzian ... | 2017 | 15360294 |
| aquaporin homologues in plants and mammals transport ammonia. | using functional complementation and a yeast mutant deficient in ammonium (nh4+) transport (deltamep1-3), three wheat (triticum aestivum) tip2 aquaporin homologues were isolated that restored the ability of the mutant to grow when 2 mm nh4+ was supplied as the sole nitrogen source. when expressed in xenopus oocytes, tatip2;1 increased the uptake of nh4+ analogues methylammonium and formamide. furthermore, expression of tatip2;1 increased acidification of the oocyte-bathing medium containing nh4+ ... | 2004 | 15358535 |
| enzyme activities and arylsulfatase protein content of dust and the soil source: biochemical fingerprints? | little is known about the potential of enzyme activities, which are sensitive to soil properties and management, for the characterization of dust properties. enzyme activities may be among the dust properties key to identifying the soil source of dust. we generated dust (27 and 7 microm) under controlled laboratory conditions from agricultural soils (0-5 cm) with history of continuous cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) or cotton rotated with peanut (arachis hypogaea l.), sorghum [sorghum bicolor (l. ... | 2006 | 15356225 |
| [effect of vernalization and red light illumination of seedlings of bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) on the temperature profile of the camp phosphodiesterase activity]. | phenotypic manifestations of vrn (vernalization) and ppd (photoperiodism) genes responsible for transition of bread wheat triticum aestivum l. to generative growth (flowering) are mutually related. since the mechanism of phytochrome-induced photoperiodism involves the enzymes of cyclic adenosine monophosphate metabolism and phosphodiesterase in particular, we tested involvement of phosphodiesterase in the process of winter wheat vernalization and formation of flowering competence in alternate wh ... | 2016 | 15354954 |
| conserved extracellular cysteine residues and cytoplasmic loop-loop interplay are required for functionality of the heptahelical mlo protein. | we performed a structure-function analysis of the plasma membrane-localized plant-specific barley (hordeum vulgare) mlo (powdery-mildew-resistance gene o) protein. invariant cysteine and proline residues, located either in extracellular loops or transmembrane domains that have been conserved in mlo proteins for more than 400 million years, were found to be essential for mlo functionality and/or stability. similarly to many metazoan g-protein-coupled receptors known to function as homo- and heter ... | 2005 | 15352871 |
| proteomic analysis of aneuploid lines in the homeologous group 1 of the hexaploid wheat cultivar courtot. | three monosomic lines (msls) and three nullisomic lines (nsls) of the homeologous group 1 and one euploid line of the bread wheat triticum aestivum cultivar courtot were used in a proteomic approach to investigate the effects of zero, one or two doses of chromosomes 1a, 1b and 1d on the amount of endosperm proteins. polypeptides whose amounts changed significantly between each aneuploid line and the euploid line were identified using image analyses of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis patterns ... | 2004 | 15352243 |
| microbial products trigger amino acid exudation from plant roots. | plants naturally cycle amino acids across root cell plasma membranes, and any net efflux is termed exudation. the dominant ecological view is that microorganisms and roots passively compete for amino acids in the soil solution, yet the innate capacity of roots to recover amino acids present in ecologically relevant concentrations is unknown. we find that, in the absence of culturable microorganisms, the influx rates of 16 amino acids (each supplied at 2.5 microm) exceed efflux rates by 5% to 545 ... | 2004 | 15347793 |
| [mechanisms of protective action of wheat germ agglutinin on cell growth in wheat seedling roots under salinity]. | effects of 20 nm wheat germ agglutinin (wga) on relative growth rate, mitotic index (mi) and the cell area in the root extension zone were investigated in seedling of triticum aestivum l. under the influence of 2% nacl. it was elucidated that pretreatment of wheat seedling with wga prevented a salinity induced inhibition of root cell growth, and accelerated the restoration of cell growth after stress removal. the protective wga effect on root cell growth may be due, presumably, to reorganization ... | 2004 | 15346789 |
| dissecting large and complex genomes: flow sorting and bac cloning of individual chromosomes from bread wheat. | the analysis of the complex genome of common wheat (triticum aestivum, 2n = 6x = 42, genome formula aabbdd) is hampered by its large size ( approximately 17 000 mbp) and allohexaploid nature. in order to simplify its analysis, we developed a generic strategy for dissecting such large and complex genomes into individual chromosomes. chromosome 3b was successfully sorted by flow cytometry and cloned into a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac), using only 1.8 million chromosomes and an adapted pro ... | 2004 | 15341637 |
| sequence tagged microsatellites for the xgwm533 locus provide new diagnostic markers to select for the presence of stem rust resistance gene sr2 in bread wheat ( triticum aestivum l.). | the stem rust resistance gene sr2 has provided durable broad-spectrum, adult-plant resistance to the fungal pathogen puccinia graminis pers. f. sp. tritici throughout wheat-growing regions of the world for more than 50 years. the ability to select for sr2 in wheat breeding programs was recently improved by the identification of a tightly linked microsatellite marker gwm533. this marker typically amplifies a 120-bp polymerase chain reaction fragment from wheat lines carrying sr2. in instances whe ... | 2004 | 15340687 |
| dissemination of the highly expressed bx7 glutenin subunit (glu-b1al allele) in wheat as revealed by novel pcr markers and rp-hplc. | increased expression of the high molecular weight glutenin subunit (hmw-gs) bx7 is associated with improved dough strength of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) flour. several cultivars and landraces of widely different genetic backgrounds from around the world have now been found to contain this so-called 'over-expressing' allelic form of the bx7 subunit encoded by glu-b1al. using three methods of identification, sds-page, rp-hplc and pcr marker analysis, as well as pedigree information, we have trac ... | 2004 | 15340686 |
| genome-specific primer sets for starch biosynthesis genes in wheat. | common wheat (triticum aestivum l.,2n=6x=42) is an allohexaploid composed of three closely related genomes, designated a, b, and d. genetic analysis in wheat is complicated, as most genes are present in triplicated sets located in the same chromosomal regions of homoeologous chromosomes. the goal of this report was to use genomic information gathered from wheat-rice sequence comparison to develop genome-specific primer sets for five genes involved in starch biosynthesis. intron locations in whea ... | 2004 | 15340684 |
| a cytogenetic method for stacking gene pairs in common wheat. | the potential for non-reciprocal robertsonian translocations of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) to assist in the stacking of genes was assessed from a study of their cytological and genetic behaviour. to obtain translocations, a double monosomic (3b+5a; 2n=40=19ii+2i) was crossed reciprocally with a contrasting disomic. individuals inheriting a broken monosome were identified from the loss of one arm-specific dna marker coupled with retention of a marker for the opposite arm. no double breaks (pote ... | 2004 | 15338132 |
| specific detection of fusarium langsethiae and related species by dgge and arms-pcr of a beta-tubulin (tub1) gene fragment. | fusarium langsethiae was recently described as a new toxigenic fusarium species, which morphologically resembles fusarium poae, but exhibits a mycotoxin pattern related to fusarium sporotrichioides. to develop tools for early and specific detection of f. langsethiae and distinguishing it from related species of section sporotrichiella and discolor (f. poae, f. sporotrichioides, fusarium kyushuense, fusarium robustum, fusarium sambucinum and fusarium tumidum) sequence variations in their beta-tub ... | 2004 | 15337597 |
| application of a new pcr primer for terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the bacterial communities in plant roots. | contamination with plastid small subunit (ssu) rdna is a major drawback when analyzing the bacterial communities of plant roots using culture-independent methods. in this study, a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) primer, 783r, was designed and tested to specifically amplify the ssu rdna of various bacterial species without amplifying the ssu rdna of plant plastids. to confirm how useful the community analysis of rhizobacteria is using 783r, the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t ... | 2004 | 15325755 |
| molecular genetic mapping of gby, a new greenbug resistance gene in bread wheat. | the greenbug, schizaphis graminum (rhodani),is one of the major insect pests of wheat worldwide and it is important to develop a basic understanding of the chromosomal locations of known and new greenbug resistance genes. gby is a new greenbug resistance gene in the wheat line 'sando's selection 4040'. a mapping population used in this study was derived from a cross of sando's 4040 and pi220127, a greenbug susceptible wheat land race from afghanistan. a progeny test indicated that gby is inherit ... | 2004 | 15309299 |
| the effect of different spray liquids on the foliar retention of agricultural sprays by wheat plants in a canopy. | the aim of this work was to examine the effect of liquid properties on spray retention in a range of situations representative of practical pesticide application. liquids with different physical properties were sprayed with conventional flat-fan and air-induction nozzles onto outdoor-grown wheat plants (triticum aestivum l cv axona) at growth stages between gs 22 and gs 35. since total retention is affected by leaf surface as well as plant growth stage and canopy density, the experiments include ... | 2004 | 15307670 |
| mapping of 99 new microsatellite-derived loci in rye (secale cereale l.) including 39 expressed sequence tags. | the genetic map of rye contains predominantly restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) markers but also a limited number of microsatellite markers, which are known to be more reliable and easier to apply. we report here the saturation of the genomic map of rye with additional microsatellite-derived markers that we obtained from the rye expressed sequence tag (est) databases and the gatersleben collection of wheat microsatellite markers (wms). a total of 99 loci (39 est and 60 wms) were ma ... | 2004 | 15300380 |
| crystallization and preliminary crystallographic studies of alpha-amylase inhibitor from wheat (triticum aestivum). | crystals of the human salivary alpha-amylase inhibitor from wheat have been obtained. a native data set was collected to 2.1 a resolution with 90% completeness at laboratory sources. the crystals belong to the trigonal system, space group p3(1) (or enantiomer) with a = b = 79.31, c = 60.56 a. crystal density analysis and self-rotation function studies suggest the presence of four subunits in the asymmetric unit. | 1996 | 15299612 |
| a novel auxin conjugate hydrolase from wheat with substrate specificity for longer side-chain auxin amide conjugates. | this study investigates how the ilr1-like indole acetic acid (iaa) amidohydrolase family of genes has functionally evolved in the monocotyledonous species wheat (triticum aestivum). an ortholog for the arabidopsis iar3 auxin amidohydrolase gene has been isolated from wheat (taiar3). the taiar3 protein hydrolyzes negligible levels of iaa-ala and no other iaa amino acid conjugates tested, unlike its ortholog iar3. instead, taiar3 has low specificity for the ester conjugates iaa-glc and iaa-myoinos ... | 2004 | 15299127 |
| high-level expression, purification, and characterization of recombinant wheat xylanase inhibitor taxi-i secreted by the yeast pichia pastoris. | triticum aestivum xylanase inhibitor i (taxi-i) is a wheat protein that inhibits microbial xylanases belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 11. in the present study, recombinant taxi-i (rtaxi-i) was successfully produced by the methylotrophic yeast pichia pastoris at high expression levels (approximately 75 mg/l). the rtaxi-i protein was purified from the p. pastoris culture medium using cation exchange and gel filtration chromatographic steps. rtaxi-i has an iso-electric point of at least 9.3 ... | 2004 | 15294279 |
| synthesis of antioxidants in wheat sprouts. | aqueous and ethanolic extracts from wheat (triticum aestivum) sprout powder were analyzed to determine its reduction and antioxidant activities. mean and standard deviation of five independent samples were reported. the results showed that the micromoles of potassium ferricyanide reduced by aqueous and ethanolic extracts corresponding to 1 g of sprout powder (80.6 +/- 11.2 and 9.7 +/- 1.8, respectively) were higher than that reduced by 1 mg of other reducing compounds: ascorbic acid, rutin, quer ... | 2004 | 15291497 |
| activities of fructan- and sucrose-metabolizing enzymes in wheat stems subjected to water stress during grain filling. | this study investigated if a controlled water deficit during grain filling of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) could accelerate grain filling by facilitating the remobilization of carbon reserves in the stem through regulating the enzymes involved in fructan and sucrose metabolism. two high lodging-resistant wheat cultivars were grown in pots and treated with either a normal (nn) or high amount of nitrogen (hn) at heading time. plants were either well-watered (ww) or water-stressed (ws) from 9 days ... | 2004 | 15290295 |
| the use of microsatellite markers for the detection of genetic similarity among winter bread wheat lines for chromosome 3a. | previous studies with chromosome substitution and recombinant inbred chromosome lines identified that chromosome 3a of wheat cv. wichita contains alleles that influence grain yield, yield components and agronomic performance traits relative to alleles on chromosome 3a of cheyenne, a cultivar believed to be the founder parent of many nebraska developed cultivars. this study was carried out to examine the genetic similarity among wheat cultivars based on the variation in chromosome 3a. forty-eight ... | 2004 | 15290051 |
| a direct repeat sequence associated with the centromeric retrotransposons in wheat. | a high-density bac filter of triticum monococcum was screened for the presence of a centromeric retrotransposon using the integrase region as a probe. southern hybridization to the bac digests using total genomic dna probes of triticum monococcum, triticum aestivum, and hordeum vulgare detected differentially hybridizing restriction fragments between wheat and barley. the fragments that hybridized to genomic dna of wheat but not to that of barley were subcloned. fluorescence in situ hybridizatio ... | 2004 | 15284880 |
| colocation between a gene encoding the bzip factor spa and an eqtl for a high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit in wheat (triticum aestivum). | the quality of wheat grain is largely determined by the quantity and composition of storage proteins (prolamins) and depends on mechanisms underlying the regulation of expression of prolamin genes. the endosperm-specific wheat basic region leucine zipper (bzip) factor storage protein activator (spa) is a positive regulator that binds to the promoter of a prolamin gene. the aim of this study was to map spa (the gene encoding bzip factor spa) and genomic regions associated with quantitative variat ... | 2004 | 15284875 |
| regeneration of somatic hybrids in relation to the nuclear and cytoplasmic genomes of wheat and setaria italica. | somatic hybridization via peg (polyethylene 6000)-mediated protoplast fusion was achieved between two different wheat culture lines (triticum aestivum l., "jinan"177, t1 and t2) and setaria italica (l.) p. beauv. the t1 recipient originated from non-regenerable long-term cell suspensions, while t2 was derived from embryogenic calli with a high regeneration capacity. donor protoplasts were obtained from embryogenic calli of s. italica (s) (with low regeneration capacity) irradiated with different ... | 2004 | 15284872 |
| effect of different temperature on starch synthase activity in excised grains of wheat cultivars. | excised grains of wheat (triticum aestivum) varieties hd 2285 (relatively tolerant) and hd 2329 (susceptible type) were incubated for 1 hr at 15 degrees, 25 degrees, 35 degrees and 45 degrees c. in an another treatment, excised grains were incubated for 1 hr at increasing temperature (15 degrees, 25 degrees, 35 degrees and 45 degrees c) continuously, thus exposing the grains to gradual rise in temperature. the above treated grains were then analysed for the activity of soluble starch synthase (s ... | 2004 | 15282961 |
| field evaluation of emmer wheat-derived synthetic hexaploid wheat for resistance to russian wheat aphid (homoptera: aphididae). | broadening the genetic base for resistance to russian wheat aphid, diuraphis noxia (mordvilko) (homoptera: aphididae), in bread wheat, triticum aestivum l., is desirable. to date, identified russian wheat aphid resistance genes are either located to the d chromosomes or to rye translocation of wheat, and resistance derived from the a or b genomes of tetraploid triticum spp. would therefore be highly beneficial. fifty-eight synthetic hexaploid wheat, derived from interspecific crosses of triticum ... | 2004 | 15279292 |
| ph-dependence of pesticide adsorption by wheat-residue-derived black carbon. | the potential of black carbon as an adsorbent for pesticides in soils may be strongly influenced by the properties of the adsorbent and pesticides and by the environmental conditions. this study evaluated the effect of ph on the adsorption of diuron, bromoxynil, and ametryne by a wheat (triticum aestivum l.) residue derived black carbon (wc) as compared to a commercial activated carbon (ac). the ph drift method indicated that wc had a point of zero charge of 4.2, much lower than that of 7.8 for ... | 2004 | 15274579 |
| [phylogenetic relationships and intraspecific variation of d-genome aegilops l. as revealed by rapd analysis]. | rapd analysis was carried out to study the genetic variation and phylogenetic relationships of polyploid aegilops species, which contain the d genome as a component of the alloploid genome, and diploid aegilops tauschii, which is a putative donor of the d genome for common wheat. in total, 74 accessions of six d-genome aegilops species were examined. the highest intraspecific variation (0.03-0.21) was observed for ae. tauschii. intraspecific distances between accessions ranged 0.007-0.067 in ae. ... | 2004 | 15272562 |
| [expression of fertility during morphogenesis in self-pollinated backcrossed progenies of barley-wheat amphiploids]. | the fertility characteristics expressed during morphogenesis in first-generation self-pollinated backcrossed progenies (bc1) obtained from amphiploid barley-wheat hybrids [hordeum geniculatum all. (2n = 28) x triticum aestivum l. (2n = 42)] (2n = 70) backcrossed with common wheat were studied. it was found that, in the case of self-pollination of bc1 plants, karyotype stabilization leads to the formation of alloplasmic euploid (2n = 42), telocentric substitution (2n = 40 + 2t), and telocentric a ... | 2004 | 15272561 |
| [construction of immune lines with complex resistance to leaf rust and powdery mildew in common spring wheat cultivar saratovskaya 29]. | immune lines resistant both to leaf rust and to powdery mildew were constructed on the basis of common wheat cultivar saratovskaya 29. synthetic wheat triticum timopheevii/aegilops squarrosa (aaggdd, 2n = 42) of savov (bulgaria) was used as a source of resistance genes. using cytological analysis of bc2, we selected resistant plants (21") free from meiosis 1 (m1) defects. with these plants and continuous selection, bc8-bc9 immune lines were obtained. the lines were shown to carry new resistance ... | 2004 | 15272560 |
| spelt (triticum spelta l.) and winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) wholemeals have similar sterol profiles, as determined by quantitative liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry analysis. | from a nutritional point of view, cereal lipids include valuable molecules, such as essential fatty acids, phytosterols, and fat-soluble vitamins. spelt (triticum spelta l.) is an alternative hulled bread cereal mostly grown in belgium, where it is mainly intended for animal feed but should increasingly be used for human consumption. the present research focused on phytosterol quantification by lc/apci-ms2 in saponified wholemeal extracts of 16 dehulled spelt and 5 winter wheat (triticum aestivu ... | 2004 | 15264918 |
| antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of a cucumis melo lc. extract rich in superoxide dismutase activity. | the present study was conducted to evaluate in vitro and in vivo the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of a cantaloupe melon (cucumis melo lc., cucurbitaceae) extract (cme) selected for its high superoxide dismutase activity. peritoneal macrophages were pre-activated in vitro with 300 iu of interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) and were then challenged in culture with iggl/anti-igg1 immune complexes (igg1ic) in presence of various cme extracts. the subsequent production of free radicals (super ... | 2004 | 15261965 |
| effect of zinc fertilization on cadmium toxicity in durum and bread wheat grown in zinc-deficient soil. | the effect of increasing application of zinc (zn) and cadmium (cd) on shoot dry weight and shoot concentrations of zn and cd was studied in bread and durum wheat cultivars. plants were grown in severely zn-deficient calcareous soil treated with increasing zn (0 and 10 mg kg(-1) soil) and cd (0, 10 and 25 mg kg(-1) soil) and harvested after 35 and 65 days of growth under greenhouse conditions. growing plants without zn fertilization caused severe depression in shoot growth, especially in durum wh ... | 2004 | 15261409 |
| identification and genetic characterization of an aegilops tauschii ortholog of the wheat leaf rust disease resistance gene lr1. | aegilops tauschii (goat grass) is the progenitor of the d genome in hexaploid bread wheat. we have screened more than 200 ae. tauschii accessions for resistance against leaf rust (puccinia triticina) isolates,which are avirulent on the leaf rust resistance gene lrl. approximately 3.5% of the ae. tauschii accessions displayed the same low infection type as the tester line thatcher lrl. the accession tr.t. 213, which showed resistance after artificial infection with lrl isolates both in mexico and ... | 2004 | 15258740 |
| mitochondria are the main target for oxidative damage in leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | photosynthesis, respiration, and other processes produce reactive oxygen species (ros) that can cause oxidative modifications to proteins, lipids, and dna. the production of ros increases under stress conditions, causing oxidative damage and impairment of normal metabolism. in this work, oxidative damage to various subcellular compartments (i.e. chloroplasts, mitochondria, and peroxisomes) was studied in two cultivars of wheat differing in ascorbic acid content, and growing under good irrigation ... | 2004 | 15258167 |
| preferential flow of bromide, bentazon, and imidacloprid in a dutch clay soil. | leaching to ground water and tile drains are important parts of the environmental assessment of pesticides. the aims of the present study were to (i) assess the significance of preferential flow for pesticide leaching under realistic worst-case conditions for dutch agriculture (soil profile with thick clay layer and high rainfall) and (ii) collect a high-quality data set that is suitable for testing pesticide leaching models. the movement of water, bromide, and the pesticides bentazon [3-isoprop ... | 2017 | 15254130 |
| phloem import and storage metabolism are highly coordinated by the low oxygen concentrations within developing wheat seeds. | we studied the influence of the internal oxygen concentration in seeds of wheat (triticum aestivum) on storage metabolism and its relation to phloem import of nutrients. wheat seeds that were developing at ambient oxygen (21%) were found to be hypoxic (2.1%). altering the oxygen supply by decreasing or increasing the external oxygen concentration induced parallel changes in the internal oxygen tension. however, the decrease in internal concentration was proportionally less than the reduction in ... | 2004 | 15247408 |
| evolution and function of the sucrose-phosphate synthase gene families in wheat and other grasses. | suc-phosphate synthase (sps) is a key regulatory enzyme in the pathway of suc biosynthesis and has been linked to quantitative trait loci controlling plant growth and yield. in dicotyledonous plants there are three sps gene families: a, b, and c. here we report the finding of five families of sps genes in wheat (triticum aestivum) and other monocotyledonous plants from the family poaceae (grasses). three of these form separate subfamilies within the previously described a, b, and c gene families ... | 2004 | 15247374 |