Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| simultaneous type 1 diabetes onset in mother and son coincident with an enteroviral infection. | enterovirus (ev) infections have been implicated in the development of type 1 diabetes. (t1d). they may cause beta-cell destruction either by cytolytic infection of the cells or indirectly by triggering the autoimmune response. virus was isolated from a woman at diagnosis of t1d (tuvemo 1) and in addition, virus was isolated from her son at diagnosis of t1d at the same day (tuvemo 2). none of the isolates could initially be serotyped by conventional methods. the tuvemo 1 virus was genotyped and ... | 2005 | 15911432 |
| inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta suppresses coxsackievirus-induced cytopathic effect and apoptosis via stabilization of beta-catenin. | coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3), a common human pathogen for viral myocarditis, induces a direct cytopathic effect (cpe) and apoptosis on infected cells. to elucidate the mechanisms that contribute to these processes, we studied the role of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (gsk3beta). gsk3beta activity was significantly increased after cvb3 infection and addition of tyrosine kinase inhibitors blocked cvb3-triggered gsk3beta activation. inhibition of caspase activity had no inhibitory effect on cvb3-induc ... | 2005 | 15905881 |
| [serotype distribution of enteroviruses isolated from paediatric cases prediagnosed as aseptic meningitis between 2001-2004 period]. | enteroviruses have major clinical and public health importance and are one of the leading causes of aseptic meningitis. there are many diseases with similar clinical symptoms and cerebrospinal fluid (csf) findings of aseptic meningitis, thus virus isolation and identification is crucial for definitive diagnosis. virological diagnosis is nonetheless important to distinguish between induced meningitis and other treatable causes of disease with a similar clinical picture. a total of 249 samples obt ... | 2005 | 15900836 |
| 5'-terminal deletions occur in coxsackievirus b3 during replication in murine hearts and cardiac myocyte cultures and correlate with encapsidation of negative-strand viral rna. | adult human enteroviral heart disease is often associated with the detection of enteroviral rna in cardiac muscle tissue in the absence of infectious virus. passage of coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) in adult murine cardiomyocytes produced cvb3 that was noncytolytic in hela cells. detectable but noncytopathic cvb3 was also isolated from hearts of mice inoculated with cvb3. sequence analysis revealed five classes of cvb3 genomes with 5' termini containing 7, 12, 17, 30, and 49 nucleotide deletions. stru ... | 2005 | 15890942 |
| [group b coxsackie virus infection with fatal myocarditis in the neonate after early discharge from maternity unit]. | 2005 | 15885556 | |
| long-term cardiac gene expression using a coxsackieviral vector. | efficient myocardial gene transfer in the intact adult heart is difficult using conventional transfer vectors. since coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) is cardiotropic, it may be possible to exploit its cardiotropic characteristics to design a vector for gene transfer to the intact heart. we generated a recombinant cvb3 cdna by inserting a green fluorescent protein (gfp) gene immediately upstream from the vp0 capsid protein of cvb3. the infectious virus (rcvb3-gfp) was recovered from the supernatants of t ... | 2005 | 15850568 |
| more recent swine vesicular disease virus isolates retain binding to coxsackie-adenovirus receptor, but have lost the ability to bind human decay-accelerating factor (cd55). | swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) evolved from coxsackie b virus serotype 5 (cvb5) in the recent past, crossing the species barrier from humans to pigs. here, svdv isolates from early and recent outbreaks have been compared for their capacity to utilize the progenitor virus receptors coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (car) and decay-accelerating factor (daf; cd55). virus titre of cvb5 and svdv isolates it'66 and uk'72 on human hela cells was reduced by pre-incubation with either anti-daf or anti- ... | 2005 | 15831949 |
| eye anomalies: seasonal variation and maternal viral infections. | eye anomalies, including anophthalmos and microphthalmos (absent eye and small eye), are common features in congenital infection syndromes such as rubella. influenza, coxsackie virus, and parvovirus are less well-established teratogens. we report an ecologic analysis of anophthalmia/microphthalmia prevalence in england in relation to temporal variation in these infections using routine infection data. | 2005 | 15824546 |
| distribution of viral rna in mouse tissues during acute phase of coxsackievirus b5 infection. | to investigate histopathological changes and distribution of coxsackievirus b5 (cvb5) rna in mouse heart, liver, and pancreas during the acute phase of infection. | 2005 | 15812189 |
| characterization of nonpolio enteroviruses recovered from patients with aseptic meningitis in korea. | we attempted to characterize nonpolio enteroviruses recovered from korean patients with aseptic meningitis. | 2005 | 15812181 |
| a proline-rich region in the coxsackievirus 3a protein is required for the protein to inhibit endoplasmic reticulum-to-golgi transport. | the ability of the 3a protein of coxsackievirus b (cvb) to inhibit protein secretion was investigated for this study. here we show that the ectopic expression of cvb 3a blocked the transport of both the glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus, a membrane-bound secretory marker, and the alpha-1 protease inhibitor, a luminal secretory protein, at a step between the endoplasmic reticulum (er) and the golgi complex. cvb 3a contains a conserved proline-rich region in its n terminus. the importance ... | 2005 | 15795300 |
| dual functions of murine gammadelta cells in inflammation and autoimmunity in coxsackievirus b3-induced myocarditis: role of vgamma1+ and vgamma4+ cells. | coxsackieviruses are a cause of clinical myocarditis. both virus replication and host defense mechanisms, including virus-induced autoimmunity, mediate heart injury and cardiac dysfunction. vgamma4+ cells kill infected cardiocytes and virus-specific cd4+ th2 cells through fas-dependent apoptosis and cd1d. the cd4+ th1 response is necessary for activation of the autoimmune cd8+ t cells, which kill uninfected cardiocytes through perforin-dependent mechanisms. | 2005 | 15777711 |
| myocardial injury occurs earlier than myocardial inflammation in acute experimental viral myocarditis. | endomyocardial biopsy often fails to show myocardial inflammation for patients with clinically suspected myocarditis. the serum isoforms of troponin t (ctnt) level is a very sensitive marker of myocardial injury and it is elevated even in the absence of myocardial inflammation. we investigated the correlations for myocardial injury, virus titers and inflammation in acute viral infection. using the murine coxsackievirus group b3 (cvb3) myocarditis model, the histopathologic findings and virus tit ... | 2005 | 15761252 |
| elevated expression of pdgf-c in coxsackievirus b3-induced chronic myocarditis. | coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) is a frequent cause of human chronic myocarditis and subsequent fibrosis, leading to dilated cardiomyopathy. the molecular processes underlying the development of fibrosis are poorly understood. enhanced levels of platelet-derived growth factors (pdgfs), especially pdgf-c, have recently been linked with the development of different forms of fibrosis. therefore, the expression of pdgf was analysed in hearts of cvb3-infected major histocompatability complex class ii knocko ... | 2005 | 15757958 |
| coxsackievirus targets proliferating neuronal progenitor cells in the neonatal cns. | type b coxsackieviruses (cvb) frequently infect the cns and, together with other enteroviruses, are the most common cause of viral meningitis in humans. newborn infants are particularly vulnerable, and cvb also can infect the fetus, leading to mortality, or to neurodevelopmental defects in surviving infants. using a mouse model of neonatal cvb infection, we previously demonstrated that coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) could infect neuronal progenitor cells in the subventricular zone (svz). here we exten ... | 2005 | 15745971 |
| novel [(biphenyloxy)propyl]isoxazole derivatives for inhibition of human rhinovirus 2 and coxsackievirus b3 replication. | during this study, novel biphenyl derivatives were synthesized and tested for antiviral activity. | 2005 | 15743897 |
| phenotypic and genetic changes in coxsackievirus b5 following repeated passage in mouse pancreas in vivo. | common enterovirus infections appear to initiate or facilitate the pathogenetic processes leading to type 1 diabetes, and also sometimes precipitate the clinical disease. in experimental infection of mice, coxsackieviruses have shown to have a strong affinity for the exocrine tissue, while even in lethal cases, the islets remain unaffected. the virus strain most intensively studied in this respect is the diabetogenic variant e2 of coxsackievirus b4. in addition, it is known that all six serotype ... | 2005 | 15714484 |
| roles of tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) and the p55 tnf receptor in cd1d induction and coxsackievirus b3-induced myocarditis. | giving c57bl/6 mice 10(4) pfu of coxsackievirus b3 (h3 variant) fails to induce myocarditis, but increasing the initial virus inoculum to 10(5) or 10(6) pfu causes significant cardiac disease. virus titers in the heart were equivalent at days 3 and 7 in mice given all three virus doses, but day 3 titers in the pancreases of mice inoculated with 10(4) pfu were reduced. tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) concentrations in the heart were increased in all infected mice, but cytokine levels were ... | 2005 | 15708985 |
| internalization and trafficking mechanisms of coxsackievirus b3 in hela cells. | coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) is nonenveloped and has a single-stranded positive-sense rna genome. cvb3 induces myocarditis and ultimately dilated cardiomyopathy. although there are mounting evidences of an interaction between cvb3 particles and the cellular receptors, coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (car) and decay-accelerating factor (daf), very little is known about the mechanisms of internalization and trafficking. in the present study, we used the cvb3 h3 strain, which is car-dependent bu ... | 2005 | 15708590 |
| characterization of virus isolates by particle-associated nucleic acid pcr. | diagnostic virus isolation is still frequently used, particularly from respiratory tract secretions. testing positive virus cultures for all possible viruses is time-consuming, and unexpected or unknown viruses may escape detection. therefore, a novel random pcr approach was developed that allows sequence-independent amplification of viral nucleic acids from virus isolation-positive cultures. selectivity for viral sequences is obtained by preferential isolation of nucleic acids that are particle ... | 2005 | 15695669 |
| oncolysis of human ovarian cancers by echovirus type 1. | a small number of enteroviruses possess the capacity to induce rapid and marked lytic infections in cells of various human malignancies. during screening of representative human enteroviruses for their oncolytic capacity, we observed that echovirus type 1 (ev1) displayed a high level of tropism for human ovarian cancer cells. ev1 is an enterovirus which largely causes asymptomatic infections in humans and whose tissue tropism is primarily regulated via interactions with the i domain of the alpha ... | 2005 | 15688406 |
| inhibition of coxsackievirus b3 replication by small interfering rnas requires perfect sequence match in the central region of the viral positive strand. | coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) is the most common causal agent of viral myocarditis, but existing drug therapies are of limited value. application of small interfering rna (sirna) in knockdown of gene expression is an emerging technology in antiviral gene therapy. to investigate whether rna interference (rnai) can protect against cvb3 infection, we evaluated the effects of rnai on viral replication in hela cells and murine cardiomyocytes by using five cvb3-specific sirnas targeting distinct regions of ... | 2005 | 15681418 |
| strains of coxsackie virus b4 differed in their ability to induce acute pancreatitis and the responses were negatively correlated to glucose tolerance. | the outcome of infections with three cvb4 strains known to replicate in human pancreatic islet cells (e2, v89 4557 and vd2921) and one cvb3 strain (nancy) in cba/j mice with regard to viral replication, inflammation and glucose tolerance was studied. isolation of virus from hearts, livers and pancreata was performed 7, 14 and 21 days post infection (pi). all strains could be equally well isolated from the pancreata and all but one strain, v89 4557, could be isolated from the hearts. the titers o ... | 2004 | 15669109 |
| vertical transmission of human echovirus 11 at the time of bornholm disease in late pregnancy. | we report a case of human echovirus 11 infection in a neonate at the time of bornholm disease in late pregnancy of the mother. mother and baby were found to be infected with the same virus, with a combination of diagnostic virologic techniques, demonstrating likely transmission from mother to baby around the time of delivery. | 2005 | 15665719 |
| rnase l and double-stranded rna-dependent protein kinase exert complementary roles in islet cell defense during coxsackievirus infection. | coxsackievirus (cv) is an important human pathogen that has been linked to the development of autoimmunity. an intact pancreatic beta cell ifn response is critical for islet cell survival and protection from type 1 diabetes following cv infection. in this study, we show that ifns trigger an antiviral state in beta cells by inducing the expression of proteins involved in intracellular antiviral defense. specifically, we demonstrate that 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetases (2-5as), rnase l, and dsrna ... | 2005 | 15661870 |
| synthesis and antiviral evaluation of cis-substituted cyclohexenyl and cyclohexanyl nucleosides. | starting from commercially available (rac)-3-cyclohexene-1-carboxylic acid, a series of purine and pyrimidine cis-substituted cyclohexenyl and cyclohexanyl nucleosides were synthesized through a key mitsunobu reaction. antiviral evaluations were performed on hiv, coxsackie b3, and herpes viruses (hsv-1, hsv-2, vzv, hcmv). three compounds showed moderate activity against hsv-1 and coxsackie viruses. specific computer modeling studies were performed on hsv-1 thymidine kinase in order to understand ... | 2005 | 15658858 |
| [coxsackie virus b types were discriminated by rt-pcr]. | to develop a method for detection of coxsackie b virus type 1-6 by rt-pcr. | 2004 | 15640872 |
| high frequency of human enterovirus species c circulation in madagascar. | four poliomyelitis outbreaks caused by vaccine-derived polioviruses have been reported recently, including one in madagascar in 2002. in all cases, the viral strains involved were recombinant between poliovirus vaccine strains and nonpoliovirus strains, probably enterovirus species c. nevertheless, little is known about the circulation and epidemiology of enteroviruses in the regions where these outbreaks occurred. to assess the circulation of enteroviruses (particularly enterovirus species c) i ... | 2005 | 15634978 |
| comparison of nucleotide sequence of p2c region in diabetogenic and non-diabetogenic coxsacie virus b5 isolates. | enteroviruses are environmental triggers in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (dm). a sequence of six identical amino acids (pevkek) is shared by the 2c protein of coxsackie virus b and the glutamic acid decarboxylase (gad) molecules. between 1995 and 2002, we investigated 22 coxsackie virus b5 (cvb5) isolates from southern taiwan. four of these isolates were obtained from four new-onset type 1 dm patients with diabetic ketoacidosis. we compared a 300 nucleotide sequence in the 2c pro ... | 2004 | 15620115 |
| [coxsackievirus b3-induction of tumor necrosis factor and il-6 of murine monocyte-macrophages]. | this study is to observe the infection of coxsackievirus b3 (cox b3) to murine monocyte-macrophages (mo/mpsi), and its induction of tumor necrosis factor (tnf) and il-6. cox b3 was capable of infecting murine macrophages as revealed by immunofluorescence and releasing infectious virus particles. virus infection with < or = 100 tcid50 did not reduce macrophages viability. cox b3 stimulated the release of monokines from mo/mpsi in vitro and in vivo, markedly increasing the concentration of tnf and ... | 1997 | 15619829 |
| [establishment of semi-nested polymerase chain reaction for detecting coxsackie b virus rna and the application in clinical diagnosis of viral myocarditis]. | the aim of this study was to determine the applicability of the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique for the detection of cbv rna and for routine diagnostic use in clinics. to this end, three oligomeric regions of great homology among the cbvs were selected from the conserved 5'-noncoding region of the cbv genome, and were designated as a set of primers and probe. semi-nested cbv pcr assay was established. the sensitivity of the method is at 0.1 tcid50 in diluted virus stocks, and this meth ... | 1997 | 15617254 |
| analysis of translational initiation in coxsackievirus b3 suggests an alternative explanation for the high frequency of r+4 in the eukaryotic consensus motif. | translational initiation of most eukaryotic mrnas occurs when a preinitiation complex binds to the 5' cap, scans the mrna, and selects a particular aug codon as the initiation site. selection of the correct initiation codon relies, in part, on its flanking residues; in mammalian cells, the core of the "kozak" consensus is r-3ccaugg+4 (r=purine; the a residue is designated position +1). the r-3 is considered the most important flanking residue, followed by g+4. picornaviral mrnas differ from most ... | 2005 | 15613327 |
| characterization of an infectious cdna copy of the genome of a naturally occurring, avirulent coxsackievirus b3 clinical isolate. | group b coxsackieviruses (cvb) cause numerous diseases, including myocarditis, pancreatitis, aseptic meningitis and possibly type 1 diabetes. to date, infectious cdna copies of cvb type 3 (cvb3) genomes have all been derived from pathogenic virus strains. an infectious cdna copy of the well-characterized, non-pathogenic cvb3 strain ga genome was cloned in order to facilitate mapping of the cvb genes that influence expression of a virulence phenotype. comparison of the sequence of the parental cv ... | 2005 | 15604447 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity against coxsackie virus b3 of some novel benzimidazole derivatives. | some benzimidazole derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their antiviral properties. compounds 20 and 21 showed potent selective activity against coxsackie virus b(3) in vero cells. some structure-activity relationships were discussed. | 2005 | 15603937 |
| all cvb serotypes and clinical isolates induce irreversible cytopathic effects in primary cardiomyocytes. | coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) has been identified as a major causative agent of acute and chronic myocarditis, but the involvement of other cvb serotypes in myocarditis has not been investigated. to dissect the pathological properties of different cvb serotypes toward primary cardiomyocytes, we tested their effects on primary cardiomyocyte cultures from neonatal rats. morphological abnormalities were examined by both light and fluorescence microscopy after hoechst 33342 staining, and loss of cell via ... | 2005 | 15602738 |
| interaction with coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor, but not with decay-accelerating factor (daf), induces a-particle formation in a daf-binding coxsackievirus b3 isolate. | although many coxsackie b viruses interact with decay accelerating factor (daf), attachment to daf by itself is not sufficient to initiate infection. we examined the early events in infection that follow virus interaction with daf, and with the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (car). interaction with soluble car in a cell-free system, or with car on the surfaces of transfected cells, induced the formation of a particles; interaction with soluble or cell surface daf did not. the results sug ... | 2005 | 15596863 |
| importance of arginine 20 of the swine vesicular disease virus 2a protease for activity and virulence. | a major virulence determinant of swine vesicular disease virus (svdv), an enterovirus that causes an acute vesicular disease, has been mapped to residue 20 of the 2a protease. the svdv 2a protease cleaves the 1d-2a junction in the viral polyprotein, induces cleavage of translation initiation factor eif4gi, and stimulates the activity of enterovirus internal ribosome entry sites (iress). the 2a protease from an attenuated strain of svdv (ile at residue 20) is significantly defective at inducing c ... | 2005 | 15596836 |
| enteroviruses in tunisia: virological surveillance over 12 years (1992-2003). | this report is an overview of enterovirus epidemiology in tunisia during a 12-year period from 1992 to 2003. a total of 4700 clinical samples were collected as part of the national poliovirus surveillance programme and the routine diagnostic programme for aseptic meningitis. enterovirus detection was performed by isolation on cell culture according to world health organization recommended protocols. serotype identification was performed by seroneutralization of the cytopathic effect using pools ... | 2005 | 15591257 |
| coxsackievirus b3 infection induces cyr61 activation via jnk to mediate cell death. | coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3), an enterovirus in the picornavirus family, is the most common human pathogen associated with myocarditis and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. we found upregulation of the cysteine-rich protein gene (cyr61) after cvb3 infection in hela cells with a cdna microarray approach, which is confirmed by northern blot analysis. it is also revealed that the extracellular amount of cyr61 protein was increased after cvb3 infection in hela cells. cyr61 is an early-transcribed gene, ... | 2004 | 15564459 |
| identification of a naturally processed cytotoxic cd8 t-cell epitope of coxsackievirus b4, presented by hla-a2.1 and located in the pevkek region of the p2c nonstructural protein. | the adaptive immune system generates cd8 cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls) as a major component of the protective response against viruses. knowledge regarding the nature of the peptide sequences presented by hla class i molecules and recognized by ctls is thus important for understanding host-pathogen interactions. in this study, we focused on identification of a ctl epitope generated from coxsackievirus b4 (cvb4), a member of the enterovirus group responsible for several inflammatory diseases in ... | 2004 | 15564450 |
| generation and analysis of an rna vaccine that protects against coxsackievirus b3 challenge. | coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) is an important human pathogen that causes substantial morbidity and mortality but, to date, no vaccine is available. we have generated an rna-based vaccine against cvb3 and have evaluated it in the murine model of infection. the vaccine was designed to allow production of the viral polyprotein, which should be cleaved to generate most of the viral proteins in their mature form; but infectious virus should not be produced. in vitro translation studies indicated that the ... | 2004 | 15527846 |
| coxsackievirus b3 infection and type 1 diabetes development in nod mice: insulitis determines susceptibility of pancreatic islets to virus infection. | group b coxsackieviruses (cvb) are believed to trigger some cases of human type 1 diabetes (t1d), although the mechanism by which this may occur has not been shown. we demonstrated previously that inoculation of young nonobese diabetic (nod) mice with any of several different cvb strains reduced t1d incidence. we also observed no evidence of cvb replication within islets of young nod mice, suggesting no role for cvb in t1d induction in the nod mouse model. the failure to observe cvb replication ... | 2004 | 15518817 |
| use of automated real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) to monitor experimental swine vesicular disease virus infection in pigs. | automated real-time rt-pcr was evaluated as a diagnostic tool for swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) infection on a range of samples (vesicular epithelium, serum, nasal swabs, faeces) from four inoculated and three in-contact pigs over a period of 28 days. traditional diagnostic procedures (virus isolation, and elisas for antigen and antibody) were used in parallel. each inoculated pig developed a significant viraemia and clinical disease, and excreted virus, which was transmitted to the in-co ... | 2004 | 15511539 |
| co-expression of interleukin-2 to increase the efficacy of dna vaccine-mediated protection in coxsackievirus b3-infected mice. | dna immunizations with the major structural protein vp1 of coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) have been previously found to protect mice from a lethal challenge with cvb3. the function of this vaccination procedure is mainly based on accelerated antibody induction with an early cytokine expression and increased virus-specific cytotoxic activity of spleen cells causing decreased myocyte destruction and reduced viral replication. here, we report that the co-expression of the immune-stimulatory interleukin-2 ... | 2004 | 15498609 |
| molecular identification and characterization of two proposed new enterovirus serotypes, ev74 and ev75. | sequencing of the gene that encodes the capsid protein vp1 has been used as a surrogate for antigenic typing in order to distinguish enterovirus serotypes; three new serotypes were identified recently by this method. in this study, 14 enterovirus isolates from six countries were characterized as members of two new types within the species human enterovirus b, based on sequencing of the complete capsid-encoding (p1) region. isolates within each of these two types differed significantly from one a ... | 2004 | 15483233 |
| prevalent human coxsackie b-5 virus infects porcine islet cells primarily using the coxsackie-adenovirus receptor. | we have previously demonstrated that transplanting porcine encephalomyocarditis virus (emcv)-infected porcine islet cells (pics) results in transmission of the virus to recipient mice, which is manifested by acute fatal infection within 5 to 8 days. here, we determined pic susceptibility to a related and highly prevalent human picornavirus, coxsackie b-5 virus (cvb-5). | 2004 | 15479464 |
| evidence for coxsackievirus infection in primary sjögren's syndrome. | primary sjögren's syndrome (ss) is an autoimmune disease characterized by activation of minor salivary gland (msg) epithelial cells and b and t lymphocytic infiltrates. these findings have long encouraged the hypothesis that a persistent viral infection of the msg epithelial cells may drive the autoimmune response; however, the identity of that virus has remained elusive. the aim of this study was to test this hypothesis. | 2004 | 15457458 |
| coxsackie virus b 4 encephalitis in a 7 year old boy. | enteroviruse belongs to the family of picornaviruses. they can be devided in 4 groups: polioviruses (typ 1-3) enteric cythopathogenic human orphan (echo)- viruses, unclassified enteroviruses 68-71 and coxsackie viruses. coxsackie virus type b can cause pharyngitis, myalgia, myocarditis and meningitis as well as severe neonatal infections. | 2004 | 15455298 |
| coxsackievirus b4-induced cytokine production in pancreatic cells is mediated through toll-like receptor 4. | coxsackievirus b4 (cbv4), a member of the picornavirus genus, has long been implicated in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (iddm) caused by virus-induced pancreatic cell damage. the progressive destruction of pancreatic beta cells is responsible for the development of iddm. it has recently been suggested that cbv4 infection can induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines, and these cytokines seem to be involved in the damage to the insulin-producing cells. in this st ... | 2004 | 15452251 |
| microarray analysis of extracellular matrix genes expression in myocardium of mouse with coxsackie virus b3 myocarditis. | extracellular matrix (ecm) orchestrates cell behaviour including growth, death, apoptosis, adhesion, migration, and invasion by activating several signalling pathways. certain components of ecm, such as integrins, may act as receptors or co-receptors of enterovirus. ecm-activated gene expressions in myocardium of viral heart disease including myocarditis and partial cardiomyopathy remain elusive. this study was to investigate the expression of ecm-activated genes in myocardium of mouse with vira ... | 2004 | 15361300 |
| dynamic changes in myocardial matrix metalloproteinase activity in mice with viral myocarditis. | matrix metalloproteinases (mmps) are the major regulators of collagen degradation involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases of the heart. the purpose of this study was to investigate the dynamic changes in myocardial mmp activity in mice with viral myocarditis (vm), the relationship between mmp activity and both cardiac function and the quantity of myocardial collagen, and the role mmps playing in the pathological lesions of vm. | 2004 | 15361294 |
| coxsackievirus-induced pancreatitis. | in humans, infections with the group b coxsackieviruses (cvbs) range from asymptomatic infections to chronic, debilitating diseases. the cvbs are associated with chronic inflammatory diseases of the pancreas, heart, and central nervous system. a major focus in cvb pathogenesis is to understand the mechanisms by which these viruses cause acute diseases that resolve or acute diseases that progress to chronic diseases. the present review explores cvb infections in the development of acute and chron ... | 2004 | 15357902 |
| echovirus 1 endocytosis into caveosomes requires lipid rafts, dynamin ii, and signaling events. | binding of echovirus 1 (ev1, a nonenveloped rna virus) to the alpha2beta1 integrin on the cell surface is followed by endocytic internalization of the virus together with the receptor. here, video-enhanced live microscopy revealed the rapid uptake of fluorescently labeled ev1 into mobile, intracellular structures, positive for green fluorescent protein-tagged caveolin-1. partial colocalization of ev1 with sv40 (sv40) and cholera toxin, known to traffic via caveosomes, demonstrated that the vesic ... | 2004 | 15356270 |
| [antisense oligonucleotide inhibition of coxsackievirus b3 gene expression in hela cells and dose-response experiments]. | in this study, the authors investigated inhibition of coxsackievirus b (cvb) gene expression using antisense oligonucleotides complementary to the 5' ncr, translation initiation codon and structural protein coding sequences and also observed the dose-response of the sequence specific inhibition of cvb plaque formation by antisense oligonucleotides. | 2004 | 15340530 |
| [clinical study on fufang sishen decoction in treating arrhythmia after virus myocarditis]. | to observe the effect of fufang sishen decoction (ffssd) on arrhythmia after virus myocarditis. | 2004 | 15339466 |
| coxsackie b viruses use multiple receptors to infect human cardiac cells. | viral myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart muscle that can be fatal. the primary viruses that have been linked to myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy are the human enteroviruses. the most common viruses associated with this disease are the coxsackie b viruses and in particular coxsackievirus b3 and coxsackievirus b5. early events in viral infection include attachment of the virus onto cell surface receptors. even though, cd55 and coxsackievirus adenovirus receptor protein (car) ... | 2004 | 15332279 |
| coxsackievirus b3 replication and persistence in intestinal cells from mice infected orally and in the human caco-2 cell line. | although the transmission of coxsackievirus b3 occurs mainly via the oral route, little is known about the primary replication and persistence of this agent in the intestine. to address this question, balb/c mice were inoculated by gavage with coxsackievirus b3, nancy strain. the mice were killed from 1 hr to 90 days after infection. the viral markers were detected in the small intestine using rt-pcr, cell culture and detection of vp1 protein. coxsackievirus b3 was detected positive by the three ... | 2004 | 15332278 |
| coxsackievirus b4 infection of human fetal thymus cells. | the infection of human fetal thymus organ cultures (ftoc) with coxsackievirus b4 e2 (cvb4 e2) was investigated. both positive- and negative-strand viral rna were detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-pcr (rt-pcr) in cvb4 e2-infected ftoc, which supported high yields of virus production (approximately 10(6) 50% tissue culture infective doses/ml), and in flow-sorted thymocyte populations for 7 days after inoculation. cortical cd4+ cd8+ thymocytes were found to be the principal t ... | 2004 | 15331720 |
| development of a simple restriction fragment length polymorphism assay for subtyping of coxsackie b viruses. | coxsackie b viruses (genus, enterovirus; family, picornaviridae) can cause aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, pleurodynia, myocarditis and are implicated in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy. the differentiation of the group b coxsackieviruses into their subtypes has potential clinical and epidemiological implications. in the present study, a simple restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) assay was developed for typing of group b coxsackieviruses into subtypes 1-6. it is a two st ... | 2004 | 15288959 |
| detection of economically important viruses in boar semen by quantitative realtime pcr technology. | the objective of this study was to develop quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (reti-pcr) tests for the detection of five economically important viruses in swine semen namely, pseudorabies virus (prv), classical swine fever virus (csfv), foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv), swine vesicular disease virus (svdv), and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv). each reti-pcr test was validated for specificity, analytical sensitivity (detection limits), and experimental ... | 2004 | 15288957 |
| animal models for autoimmune myocarditis and autoimmune thyroiditis. | this chapter describes four murine models of autoimmune diseases: two related to autoimmune myocarditis and two related to autoimmune thyroiditis. the first model, coxsackie virus b3 (cb3)-induced myocarditis, results in the development of acute myocarditis in susceptible as well as resistant mouse strains, whereas chronic myocarditis develops only in genetically susceptible mice. cb3-induced myocarditis closely resembles the course of human myocarditis, which is believed to be initiated by vira ... | 2004 | 15286386 |
| peroxynitrite inhibition of coxsackievirus infection by prevention of viral rna entry. | although peroxynitrite is harmful to the host, the beneficial effects of peroxynitrite are less well understood. we explored the role of peroxynitrite in the host immune response to coxsackievirus infection. peroxynitrite inhibits viral replication in vitro, in part by inhibiting viral rna entry into the host cell. nitrotyrosine, a marker for peroxynitrite production, is colocalized with viral antigens in the hearts of infected mice but not control mice. nitrotyrosine coprecipitates with the vir ... | 2004 | 15286280 |
| t cells in coxsackievirus-induced myocarditis. | myocarditis is a complex disease in which distinct immunopathogenic mechanisms cause tissue injury. in some but not all cases, autoimmunity is a major pathogenic factor. cross-reactivity between viral and myosin epitopes underlies both cellular and humoral autoimmunity in myocarditis. thus, the genetics of the host as well as the virus determine disease pathogenicity. innate immunity, as represented by gammadelta+ t cells, is important in determining disease susceptibility. the innate effectors ... | 2004 | 15279696 |
| lipid-raft-dependent coxsackievirus b4 internalization and rapid targeting to the golgi. | coxsackievirus b4 (cbv4), a member of the picornavirus genus, has long been implicated in the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (iddm), by viral-induced pancreatic cell damage. although the pancreotropic nature of this virus is well documented, the early stages of cbv4 viral infection that involve the attachment of virions to the cell surface by binding to their cellular receptors followed by entry into the cell, are poorly understood. in this study, we show that the entry of cb ... | 2004 | 15262490 |
| in vitro anti-coxsackievirus b(3) effect of ethyl acetate extract of tian-hua-fen. | to investigation the anti-coxsackievirus b(3) (cvb(3m)) effect of the ethyl acetate extract of tian-hua-fen on hela cells infected with cvb(3m). | 2004 | 15259078 |
| progression or resolution of coxsackievirus b4-induced pancreatitis: a genomic analysis. | group b coxsackieviruses are associated with chronic inflammatory diseases of the pancreas, heart, and central nervous system. chronic pancreatitis, which can develop from acute pancreatitis, is considered a premalignant disorder because it is a major risk factor for pancreatic cancer. to explore the genetic events underlying the progression of acute to chronic disease, a comparative analysis of global gene expression during coxsackievirus b4-induced acute and chronic pancreatitis was undertaken ... | 2004 | 15254194 |
| detection of enteroviruses in treated drinking water. | this study deals with the routine monitoring of drinking water for the presence of enteroviruses, over a period of 1 year. a rapid and simple method was employed for the simultaneous detection and typing of enteroviruses in large-volume water samples. this included an integrated cell culture/nested pcr approach, followed by restriction enzyme analysis. the two drinking water supplies studied were derived from acceptable quality surface water sources using treatment processes, which conform to in ... | 2004 | 15207600 |
| integrin alpha v beta 6 is an rgd-dependent receptor for coxsackievirus a9. | coxsackievirus a9 (cav9), a member of the enterovirus genus of picornaviridae, is a common human pathogen and is one of a significant number of viruses containing a functional arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (rgd) motif in one of their capsid proteins. previous studies identified the rgd-recognizing integrin alpha(v)beta(3) as its cellular receptor. however, integrin alpha(v)beta(6) has been shown to be an efficient receptor for another rgd-containing picornavirus, foot-and-mouth disease virus (f ... | 2004 | 15194773 |
| isolation and molecular identification of echovirus 13 isolated from patients of aseptic meningitis in korea, 2002. | during 2002, several epidemics of aseptic meningitis were attributed to echovirus 13 in korea. the causative agents of these outbreaks were isolated and identified using rhabdosarcoma cells, hep-2 and buffalo green monkey kidney cells, and a neutralization test using monospecific antiserum. fifty-four echovirus 13 isolates were isolated from patients with aseptic meningitis in the provinces, seoul, kyonggi, gwangju, jeonju, busan, and ulsan. symptoms associated with aseptic meningitis infection ... | 2004 | 15170640 |
| application of universal primers for identification of foot-and-mouth disease virus and swine vesicular disease virus by pcr and pcr-elisa. | two approaches for simultaneous identification of both foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) and swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) are described: (1) a single-step reverse transcription-pcr with three primers and (2) a pcr-elisa assay with two universal primers for genome amplification and two virus-specific probes for identification. these methods are based on the use of 3d gene universal pcr primers, the structure of which was optimized and refined due to the close relationship between the tw ... | 2004 | 15168202 |
| unexpected hazard of illegal immigration: outbreak of viral myocarditis exacerbated by confinement and deprivation in a shipboard cargo container. | we present a group of 18 illegal immigrant stowaways who arrived in a shipboard cargo container suffering from gastroenteritis, dehydration, and malnutrition and showing evidence of viral myocarditis in 3 of 4 fatalities. our investigation included an evaluation of the 2-week ocean voyage, analysis of medical records and laboratory results of the survivors, autopsies on the decedents, and viral studies on their heart tissue. of 3 stowaways who died shipboard, 2 showed lymphocytic myocarditis and ... | 2004 | 15166761 |
| susceptibility of mouse primary cortical neuronal cells to coxsackievirus b. | coxsackievirus b (cvb) is often associated with aseptic meningitis and encephalitis, but the six serotypes of cvb vary in their relative disease severity. to elucidate the detailed mechanisms of cvb-induced cytopathological effects, the morphological and biochemical characteristics caused by the cvb serotypes in mouse primary cortical neuronal cells were investigated. by 24 h post-infection, all cvb serotypes except cvb2 induced severe cytotoxic alterations, including a loss of neurites. both fl ... | 2004 | 15166439 |
| coxsackie b virus serology and type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review of published case-control studies. | enteroviruses, in particular coxsackie b4, have been implicated in the aetiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus, but the epidemiological evidence has not been systematically evaluated. | 2004 | 15154932 |
| immunopathological basis of virus-induced myocarditis. | heart diseases are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized countries. dilated cardiomyopathy (dcm), one of the most common heart diseases, may be the consequence of infection-associated myocardits. coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) can be frequently detected in the inflamed heart muscle. cvb3-induced acute myocarditis is most likely the consequence of direct virus-induced myocyte damage, whereas chronic cvb3 infection-associated heart disease is dominated by its immunopathological ... | 2004 | 15154605 |
| increased susceptibility of male balb/c mice to coxsackievirus b3-induced myocarditis: role for cd1d. | balb/c male mice infected with the h3 variant of coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) develop fulminant myocarditis. age-matched female mice show little myocarditis due to decreased virus receptor expression on cardiac cells. tnfalpha and il-1beta levels were increased in males by 3 days after infection. ifngamma levels increased more slowly throughout the 7-day observation period. cd4+, cd8+, macrophage (mac3+) and gammadelta+ cells all accumulated in male hearts, with gammadelta+ cells showing early (day ... | 2005 | 15107990 |
| in vitro activity of expanded-spectrum pyridazinyl oxime ethers related to pirodavir: novel capsid-binding inhibitors with potent antipicornavirus activity. | picornaviruses (pv) include human rhinovirus (hrv), the primary cause of the common cold, and the enteroviruses (ev), which cause serious diseases such as poliomyelitis, meningoencephalitis, and systemic neonatal disease. although no compounds for pv infections have been approved in the united states, pirodavir was one of the most promising capsid-binding compounds to show efficacy in human clinical trials for chemoprophylaxis of the common cold. susceptibility to hydrolysis precluded its use as ... | 2004 | 15105133 |
| expression of the b subunit of the heat-labile enterotoxin of escherichia coli in tobacco mosaic virus-infected nicotiana benthamiana plants and its characterization as mucosal immunogen and adjuvant. | we have produced biologically active recombinant (r) ltb, the nontoxic b subunit of heat-labile toxin (lt) of escherichia coli in tobacco mosaic virus (tmv)-infected nicotiana benthamiana plants. we amplified the ltb encoding sequence with its leader and introduced a hexahistidyl tag and an endoplasmic reticulum retention signal. the resulting product was ligated into a tmv-based plant viral expression vector that was used for the generation of recombinant viral rna. eighty-nine percent of n. be ... | 2004 | 15099768 |
| a phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxynucleotide specifically inhibits coxsackievirus b3 replication in cardiomyocytes and mouse hearts. | antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (as-odns) are promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of virus-induced diseases. we previously reported that coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) infectivity could be inhibited effectively in hela cells by phosphorothioate as-odns complementary to different regions of the 5' and 3' untranslated regions of cvb3 rna. the most effective target is the proximal terminus of the 3' untranslated region. to further investigate the potential antiviral role of the as-odn targetin ... | 2004 | 15094712 |
| strand-specific rna synthesis determinants in the rna-dependent rna polymerase of poliovirus. | the viral rna-dependent rna polymerase (3d(pol)) is highly conserved between the closely related enteroviruses poliovirus type 1 (pv1) and coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3). in this study, we generated pv1/cvb3 chimeric polymerase sequences in the context of full-length poliovirus transcripts to determine the role of different subdomains within the rna-dependent rna polymerase of pv1 that are required for functions critical for rna replication in vitro and in cell culture. the substitution of cvb3 sequen ... | 2004 | 15078921 |
| soluble recombinant coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor abrogates coxsackievirus b3-mediated pancreatitis and myocarditis in mice. | group b coxsackievirus infection can result in organ injury and inflammation. the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (car) and decay-accelerating factor (daf; cd55) have both been identified as receptors for coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3). we have shown elsewhere that early daf-fc treatment attenuates cvb3-induced myocarditis and virus replication. | 2004 | 15073680 |
| coxsackievirus infection of mice. ii. viral kinetics and histopathological changes in mice experimentally infected with coxsackievirus b3 by intraperitoneal route. | the study was focused on kinetics of coxsackievirus b3 serotype (cvb3) in different organs of swiss albino mice following intraperitoneal (i.p.) infection. the results indicated that the virus replicated in the heart, spleen, thymus, pancreas, small and large intestines in the acute stage of the infection. infectious virus was present in the spleen till day 35 post infection (p.i.). histopathology of the hearts showed mild foci of infiltration of mononuclear cells in the acute stage of infection ... | 2003 | 15068381 |
| coxsackievirus infection of mice. i. viral kinetics and histopathological changes in mice experimentally infected with coxsackieviruses b3 and b4 by oral route. | we followed the viral kinetics and histopathological changes in different organs of immunocompetent mice infected orally with coxsackieviruses b3 (cvb3) nancy strain and b4 (cvb4) jvb strain separately. the viruses used were not adapted to mouse organs. in the acute phase of infection, the viral kinetics indicated virus replication in the heart, spleen, thymus, pancreas, and small and large intestines. this was accompanied by histopathological changes, mild infiltration of mononuclear cells and ... | 2003 | 15068380 |
| protein kinase b/akt regulates coxsackievirus b3 replication through a mechanism which is not caspase dependent. | the role of signaling pathways including the mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapks) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (pi3k) during viral infection has gained much recent attention. our laboratory reported on an important regulatory role for extracellular signal-regulated kinases (erk1/2), subfamily members of the mapks, during coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) infection. however, the role of the pi3k pathway in cvb3 infection has not been well characterized. cvb3 is the most common known viral infect ... | 2004 | 15047842 |
| [detection of nonpoliomyelitic enteroviruses in central nervous system infections in poland in 1995-2000; viral isolation data]. | the aim of this study was evaluation of enterovirus diagnosis based on isolation of the virus in cell culture from subjects with aseptic neuroinfection conducted in six provincial sanitary-epidemiological stations in 1995-2000 years. available data from six sanitary-epidemiological stations indicated that 1429 isolation of enteroviruses from fecal samples of those patients were performed. the most frequently isolated enterovirus serotype was echovirus type 30: 138/203 isolated enteroviruses, but ... | 2003 | 15029839 |
| synergistic drug combinations against the in vitro replication of coxsackie b1 virus. | the existence of synergistic drug combinations against the in vitro replication of poliovirus type 1 (mahoney) (pv-1) had been established in our previous work. the objective of the present study was to test the combined effects of the different drugs against another representative of the enterovirus genus, i.e. coxsackievirus b1 (cbv-1). dual combinations of enviroxime, disoxaril, arildone, ptu-23, hbb and s-7 were evaluated. the susceptibility of cbv-1 to the individual effects of the inhibito ... | 2004 | 15026197 |
| [demonstration and immunologic effect of an infection of the human thymus by the diabetogenic human coxsackievirus b4]. | thymus exerts a prominent role in the establishment os central t-cell tolerance, as well as in the development of self major histocompatibility complex (mhc)-restricted t lymphocytes. like others autoimmune diseases, type 1 diabetes emergence implies central or peripheric self tolerance breakdown. environmental factors, especially enterovirus infections, are supposed to be involved in diabetes pathophysiology. epidemiological studies have highlighted a frequent association between enterovirus co ... | 2003 | 15025268 |
| [outbreak of enteroviral infection in vitebsk during pollution of water supply by enteroviruses]. | the conducted virologic, serological and molecular-and-biological investigations showed that virus coxsakie b4, isolated from cerebrospinal fluid and rhinopharyngeal lavages of patients, was the main etiological agent, which caused mainly an outbreak of enterovirus infection in the city of vitebsk in 2001. coxsakie b4 viruses were found in 30% of samples by using the cultural method and in 76.9% of samples--by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) while carrying out the sanitary-and-virologic investig ... | 2004 | 15017851 |
| analysis of the serotype and genotype correlation of vp1 and the 5' noncoding region in an epidemiological survey of the human enterovirus b species. | the sequence identity of the enterovirus vp1 gene has been shown to correlate with the serotype concept. enterovirus molecular typing methods are therefore often based on sequencing of the vp1 genomic region and monophyletic clustering of vp1 sequences of a homologous serotype. for epidemiological surveillance, 342 enterovirus samples obtained from patients with aseptic meningitis in belgium from 1999 to 2002 were first diagnosed as being enterovirus positive by amplification of the 5' noncoding ... | 2004 | 15004039 |
| coxsackieviral-mediated diabetes: induction requires antigen-presenting cells and is accompanied by phagocytosis of beta cells. | epidemiological studies have associated coxsackie b virus (cbv) with the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (iddm) in humans. infections of genetically susceptible mice with cbv strain 4 (cb4) induce autoimmune diabetes. herein, we demonstrate that in mice, cb4 infection of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells does not directly cause beta cell death. instead, we observed the phagocytosis of beta cells by macrophages following infection. further, antigen-presenting cells isolat ... | 2004 | 15003810 |
| heparan sulphate mediates swine vesicular disease virus attachment to the host cell. | heparan sulphate (hs) has been found to serve as receptor for initial cell binding of numerous viruses. different glycosaminoglycans (gags), including heparin and hs, were analysed for their ability to bind swine vesicular disease virus (svdv), a picornavirus with close homology to human coxsackie b5 virus. binding of svdv was established by heparin-affinity chromatography. in addition, infection of ib-rs-2 epithelial porcine cells was inhibited by treating the virus with soluble hs, heparin, an ... | 2004 | 14993651 |
| mechanisms of coxsackievirus b5 mediated beta-cell death depend on the multiplicity of infection. | coxsackievirus infections may trigger and accelerate pancreatic beta-cell death, leading to type i diabetes. unrestricted coxsackievirus b5 replication in cultured beta-cells inoculated with high multiplicity leads to rapid lytic cell death. evidence from other virus-host cell systems indicates that host cell responses to infection may depend on the multiplicity of infection (moi). thus, the aim of this study was to compare the mechanisms of beta-cell death during high versus low multiplicity of ... | 2004 | 14981761 |
| alternatively spliced soluble coxsackie-adenovirus receptors inhibit coxsackievirus infection. | the coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (car) is a transmembrane receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily whose expression is altered in myocardial and malignant diseases. soluble isoforms of other adhesion molecules and cytokine receptors have been proven to have significant agonist and antagonist effects on their full-length receptors; however, little is known about soluble car receptors. using reverse transcription-pcr, we identified three car isoforms that lack the transmembrane domain and are t ... | 2004 | 14978041 |
| solution structure of the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor domain 1. | the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (car) mediates entry of coxsackievirus b (cvb) and adenovirus (ad). the normal cellular function of car, which is expressed in a wide variety of tissue types, is thought to involve homophilic cell adhesion in the developing brain. the extracellular domain of car consists of two immunoglobulin (ig) domains termed car-d1 and car-d2. car-d1 is shown by sedimentation velocity to be monomeric at ph 3.0. the solution structure and the dynamic properties of mo ... | 2004 | 14967025 |
| in vitro antiviral activity of bael (aegle marmelos corr) upon human coxsackieviruses b1-b6. | the in-vitro antiviral activity of a series of compounds in samples extracted from various parts of the indian holy tree, bael (aegle marmelos corr.) were evaluated for their efficacy against human coxsackieviruses b1-b6. the inhibitory concentrations (ic50) for leaves (l1 and l2) stem and stem bark (s1, s2, s3 and s4) fruit (f1 and f2micro) root and root bark (r1 and r2) and pure compound, the marmelide were 1000 microg/ml (for l1 and l2), 1000 microg/ml (for s1, s2, s3 and s4), 1000 microg/ml ... | 2002 | 14768825 |
| the humoral immune response in viral heart disease: characterization and pathophysiological significance of antibodies. | several lines of evidence suggest a viral infection as the initiating event for the development of myocarditis (mc). especially enteroviruses like coxsackie b3 virus have been shown to induce mc in humans and strains of mc-prone mice after an infection. the further course of the disease is, however, determined not only by the viral infection but also by the host's immune system. both the humoral and the cellular immune system can modify the extent of the damage caused by the disease. the humoral ... | 2004 | 14760530 |
| isolation and identification of an enterovirus 77 recovered from a refugee child from kosovo, and characterization of the complete virus genome. | the complete nucleotide sequence of an enterovirus 77 isolate is reported. the virus designated fr/cf496-99 (france/clermont-ferrand 496-1999) was recovered from the feces of a 4-year-old child hospitalized for salmonella gastroenteritis. the virus was identified by a molecular typing assay based on the genomic sequence encoding the vp1 capsid protein. the phylogenetic analysis based on the vp1 sequence demonstrated that the enterovirus isolated in the child clustered with viruses included in th ... | 2004 | 14749180 |
| mechanisms of beta cell death during restricted and unrestricted enterovirus infection. | coxsackie b virus (cvb-5) infections potentially trigger and accelerate pancreatic beta cell damage leading to type 1 diabetes. in vivo, all viruses face natural resistance mediated by various host factors which restrict the progression of infection. thus, the aims of this study were to generate a tissue culture model of restricted coxsackie b virus infection in primary islet cells by preventing the production of viral progeny with a selective inhibitor of viral rna replication and to investigat ... | 2004 | 14748069 |
| evaluation of real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays for the detection of swine vesicular disease virus. | differential detection of swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) from the other vesicular disease viruses of foot-and-mouth disease (fmd), vesicular stomatitis (vs) and vesivirus is important as the vesicular lesions produced by these viruses are indistinguishable in pigs. two independent sets of primers and probe, designed from nucleotide sequences within the 5' untranslated region (utr) of the svdv genome, were evaluated in a real-time (5' nuclease probe-based or fluorogenic) pcr format. althoug ... | 2004 | 14738984 |
| induction of chemokines in human astrocytes by picornavirus infection requires activation of both ap-1 and nf-kappa b. | infection with different picornaviruses can cause meningitis/encephalitis in humans and experimental animals. to investigate the mechanisms of such inflammatory diseases, potential chemokine gene activation in human astrocytes was investigated following infection with theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (tmev), coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3), or coxsackievirus b4 (cvb4). we report that all these viruses are potent inducers for the expression of interleukin-8 (il-8) and monocyte chemoattractant pr ... | 2004 | 14730702 |
| enterovirus infection in human pancreatic islet cells, islet tropism in vivo and receptor involvement in cultured islet beta cells. | it is thought that enterovirus infections cause beta-cell damage and contribute to the development of type 1 diabetes by replicating in the pancreatic islets. we sought evidence for this through autopsy studies and by investigating known enterovirus receptors in cultured human islets. | 2004 | 14727023 |