Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| molecular characterization of rickettsia massiliae and anaplasma platys infecting rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks and domestic dogs, buenos aires (argentina). | rickettsioses, ehrlichioses and anaplasmoses are emerging diseases that are mainly transmitted by arthropods and that affect humans and animals. the aim of the present study was to use molecular techniques to detect and characterize those pathogens in dogs and ticks from buenos aires city. we studied 207 rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks and 52 canine blood samples from poor neighborhoods of buenos aires city. the samples were molecularly screened for the genera rickettsia, ehrlichia, and anaplasma ... | 2014 | 24907186 |
| diversity of cercopithifilaria species in dogs from portugal. | filarioids belonging to the genus cercopithifilaria (spirurida: onchocercidae) have been described in dogs in association with rhipicephalus sanguineus group ticks, which act as their biological vectors. this study represents the first investigation on cercopithifilaria spp. in dogs from portugal. | 2014 | 24898125 |
| frequency of piroplasms babesia microti and cytauxzoon felis in stray cats from northern italy. | emerging diseases caused by piroplasms pose a health risk for man and other animals, and domestic cats have been proposed as potential reservoirs for some piroplasm infections. the aim of this study was to identify the frequency of the piroplasms babesia microti and cytauxzoon felis in stray cats from northern italy and to identify possible risk factors associated with these infections. blood samples from 260 stray cats enrolled in a trap-neuter-release (tnr) program in northern italy were exami ... | 2014 | 24895629 |
| experimental infection of rhipicephalus sanguineus with ehrlichia chaffeensis. | ehrlichia chaffeensis, the etiologic agent of human monocytic ehrlichiosis, is a tick-borne rickettsial pathogen that is infective to a wide range of mammals, including dogs and people. amblyomma americanum, the lone star tick, is considered the primary vector of e. chaffeensis, but this pathogen has been detected in other tick species, including the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus. we hypothesized that the arkansas strain of e. chaffeensis is infective to r. sanguineus, and used a nove ... | 2014 | 24894131 |
| rhipicephalus rossicus and not r. sanguineus is the dominant tick species of dogs in the wetlands of the danube delta, romania. | changes in the distribution of tick species are among the major causes for the increase in prevalence of zoonotic diseases worldwide, with tick-borne diseases' prevalence showing an emerging pattern. one of these ticks, rhipicephalus rossicus, which is reported occasionally from humans, seems to be particularly interesting because of its demonstrated vectorial role for zoonotic pathogens like francisella tularensis, coxiella burnetii, or cchf and west nile viruses. here we report a case of domin ... | 2014 | 24893695 |
| canine infection with dirofilaria immitis, borrelia burgdorferi, anaplasma spp., and ehrlichia spp. in the united states, 2010-2012. | the geographic distribution of canine infection with vector-borne disease agents in the united states appears to be expanding. | 2014 | 24886589 |
| absence of antibodies to rickettsia spp., bartonella spp., ehrlichia spp. and coxiella burnetii in tahiti, french polynesia. | in the pacific islands countries and territories, very little is known about the incidence of infectious diseases due to zoonotic pathogens. to our knowledge, human infections due to rickettsia spp., coxiella burnetii, ehrlichia spp. and bartonella spp. have never been reported in french polynesia; and infections due to c. burnetti have been reported worldwide except in new zealand. to evaluate the prevalence of this disease, we conducted a serosurvey among french polynesian blood donors. | 2014 | 24885466 |
| speculations on biting midges and other bloodsucking arthropods as alternative vectors of leishmania. | sand flies remain the only proven vectors of leishmania spp. but recent implementation of pcr techniques has led to increasing speculation about "alternative vectors", including biting midges. here, we summarize that pcr has considerable limits for studing the role of bloodsucking arthropods in the epidemiology of leishmaniasis. the leishmania life cycle in the sand fly includes a complex series of interactions which are in many cases species-specific, the early phase of the infection is, howeve ... | 2014 | 24884857 |
| rural residents in china are at increased risk of exposure to tick-borne pathogens anaplasma phagocytophilum and ehrlichia chaffeensis. | as emerging tick born rickettsial diseases caused by a. phagocytophilum and e. chaffeensis, anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis have become a serious threat to human and animal health throughout the world. in particular, in china, an unusual transmission of nosocomial cases of human granulocytic anaplasmosis occurred in anhui province in 2006 and more recent coinfection case of a. phagocytophilum and e. chaffeensis was documented in shandong province. although the seroprevalence of human granulocytic ... | 2014 | 24877080 |
| molecular and serological study of rickettsial infection in humans, and in wild and farm animals, in the province of burgos, spain. | limited information is available on the presence of rickettsial infection in humans and animal reservoirs in spain. exposure to spotted fever group rickettsia in healthy humans and in farm and wild animals in the province of burgos, spain, was examined by serological methods. rickettsial dna was also sought by pcr in animal samples. of 102 human serum samples examined by indirect immunofluorescence assays (ifa), 5.88% were positive for antibodies against rickettsia conorii (titers 1/128-1/512). ... | 2014 | 24866558 |
| rickettsia conorii israelensis in rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks, sardinia, italy. | the presence of tick-borne rickettsia spp. was examined by pcr using dna samples extracted from 254 ticks collected from mammals originating from northern and eastern sardinia, italy. the spotted fever group rickettsial agent rickettsia conorii israelensis was detected in 3 rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks from a dog for the first time in this geographical area. in addition, ri. massiliae, ri. slovaca, and ri. aeschlimannii were detected in rh. turanicus, rh. sanguineus, dermacentor marginatus, an ... | 2014 | 24852264 |
| occurrence of ectoparasitic arthropods associated with rodents in hail region northern saudi arabia. | ectoparasitic arthropods are a diverse element of the saudi fauna. due to this, a survey of ectoparasites associated with rodents was conducted as a preliminary study in five districts of hail region of northern saudi arabia for the first time. ectoparasites extracted from 750 rodents were sampled and identified by recording their frequency of appearance. results revealed that 1,287 ectoparasites infested 316 of the captured rodent hosts. these ectoparasites parasitized on four species of rodent ... | 2014 | 24838257 |
| detection of rickettsia rickettsii, rickettsia parkeri, and rickettsia akari in skin biopsy specimens using a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. | rickettsia rickettsii, rickettsia parkeri, and rickettsia akari are the most common causes of spotted fever group rickettsioses indigenous to the united states. infected patients characteristically present with a maculopapular rash, often accompanied by an inoculation eschar. skin biopsy specimens are often obtained from these lesions for diagnostic evaluation. however, a species-specific diagnosis is achieved infrequently from pathologic specimens because immunohistochemical stains do not diffe ... | 2014 | 24829214 |
| first report of cercopithifilaria spp. in dogs from eastern europe with an overview of their geographic distribution in europe. | dogs in europe may be parasitized by a variety of species of filarioids. while some species have been studied for decades, others have been only recently reported, and their range of distribution is still unknown. the present study was aimed to investigate the occurrence of cercopithifilaria spp., whose microfilariae reside in the dermis and are transmitted by rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. ticks, in a dog population from romania and to present the current knowledge of their distribution in europ ... | 2014 | 24825312 |
| a six year (2006-2011) retrospective study of hemoprotozoan parasites affecting dogs in chennai, tamil nadu, india. | with the changing global scenario there is effect not only on the human survival but also on the prevalence of existing pathogens and appearance of new infectious agents among animal population. this paper emphasises the need for prevalence studies. a retrospective study for 6 years on prevalence of hemoprotozoans in dogs in chennai showed babesia gibsoni the predominant parasite of dogs. details are discussed in this paper. | 2012 | 24808651 |
| proteomic analysis of cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus saliva: a comparison between partially and fully engorged females. | the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is one of the most harmful parasites affecting bovines. similarly to other hematophagous ectoparasites, r. microplus saliva contains a collection of bioactive compounds that inhibit host defenses against tick feeding activity. thus, the study of tick salivary components offers opportunities for the development of immunological based tick control methods and medicinal applications. so far, only a few proteins have been identified in cattle tick ... | 2014 | 24762651 |
| a tick-borne segmented rna virus contains genome segments derived from unsegmented viral ancestors. | although segmented and unsegmented rna viruses are commonplace, the evolutionary links between these two very different forms of genome organization are unclear. we report the discovery and characterization of a tick-borne virus--jingmen tick virus (jmtv)--that reveals an unexpected connection between segmented and unsegmented rna viruses. the jmtv genome comprises four segments, two of which are related to the nonstructural protein genes of the genus flavivirus (family flaviviridae), whereas th ... | 2014 | 24753611 |
| molecular detection of bacterial and parasitic pathogens in hard ticks from portugal. | ticks are important vector arthropods of human and animal pathogens. as information about agents of disease circulating in vectors in portugal is limited, the aim of the present study was to detect bacteria and parasites with veterinary and zoonotic importance in ticks collected from dogs, cats, and field vegetation. a total of 925 ticks, comprising 888 (96.0%) adults, 8 (0.9%) nymphs, and 29 (3.1%) larvae, were collected in 4 geographic areas (districts) of portugal. among those, 620 (67.0%) we ... | 2014 | 24745731 |
| changes in the synganglion of rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille, 1806) (acari: ixodidae) female ticks exposed to permethrin: an ultrastructural overview. | this study performed the ultra-structural analysis of the changes caused by permethrin in the synganglion of semi-engorged rhipicephalus sanguineus females, aiming to understand the toxic action of this substance at cellular level. the results showed that the neural lamella had its structure changed, allowing the influx of the toxic agent into the nervous tissue. the glial cells of the perineurium, as well as the neural cells of the cortex showed great changes, such as: irregular nuclei with chr ... | 2014 | 24742902 |
| occurrence and county-level distribution of ticks (acari: ixodoidea) in nebraska using passive surveillance. | a 100 yr (1911-2011) examination of tick submissions was compiled from the u.s. national tick collection and three state databases to determine tick species occurrence in nebraska sixteen tick species were identified including amblyomma americanum (l.), dermacentor variabilis (say), dermacentor albipictus (packard), dermacentor andersoni stiles, haemaphysalis leporispalustris (packard), rhipicephalus sanguineus (latreille), and otobius megrini (dughs). amblyomma maculatum koch and ixodes scapula ... | 2014 | 24724283 |
| ixodidae ticks in cattle and sheep in sistan and baluchestan province (iran). | this survey was conducted to investigate the presence and abundance of hard tick species (acari: ixodidae) on cattle and sheep in sistan and baluchestan province (iran). between 2010 and 2011, a total of 1,403 ticks was collected from 332 infested cattle and 1,480 ticks were collected from 602 infested sheep during the seasons of tick activity. the species collected from cattle were hyalomma marginatum (46.04%), hyalomma excavatum (25.51%), hyalomma anatolicum (10.33%), hyalomma asiaticum (6.34% ... | 2014 | 24715595 |
| candidatus rickettsia andeanae, a spotted fever group agent infecting amblyomma parvum ticks in two brazilian biomes. | adult ticks of the species amblyomma parvum were collected from the vegetation in the pantanal biome (state of mato grosso do sul) and from horses in the cerrado biome (state of piauí) in brazil. the ticks were individually tested for rickettsial infection via polymerase chain reaction (pcr) targeting three rickettsial genes, glta, ompa and ompb. overall, 63.5% (40/63) and 66.7% (2/3) of a. parvum ticks from pantanal and cerrado, respectively, contained rickettsial dna, which were all confirmed ... | 0 | 24714968 |
| levels of certain endothelial biomarkers during the acute phase and convalescence in patients with different severity of mediterranean spotted fever. | mediterranean spotted fever (msf) is a tick-borne disease caused by rickettsia conorii subspp. conorii. it is transmitted by the bite of the tick rhipicephalus sanguineus. modified by the rickettsial invasion, the micro-vascular endothelium acquires an activated inflammatory phenotype and initiates secretion of cytokines and expression of cell adhesion molecules (cams) and chemoattractans. | 2015 | 24712278 |
| clinical, hematologic, and molecular findings in naturally occurring babesia canis vogeli in egyptian dogs. | background. canine babesiosis is a clinically important hemoprotozoan parasite affecting dogs. the goal of this present study was to determine the clinical symptoms and to establish its hematological and microscopic detection and compare it with the pcr findings attained from dogs infected with babesia canis vogeli. methodology/principal findings. 13-pcr confirmed babesia-infected dogs were examined; seminested pcr was used to discover the precise type of babesia and babesia canis vogeli was the ... | 2014 | 24693460 |
| seroprevalence of some vector-borne infections of dogs in hungary. | the first comprehensive study on the prevalence of canine vector-borne pathogens (anaplasma phagocytophilum, borrelia burgdorferi, ehrlichia canis, and dirofilaria immitis) was carried in hungary because, except for babesiosis and dirofilariosis caused by dirofilaria repens, there were no data on their regional distribution and prevalence. in 2011 and 2012, 1305 blood samples were collected from randomly selected, apparently healthy pet dogs in 167 localities of 19 counties of hungary. all sera ... | 2014 | 24689833 |
| reprolysin metalloproteases from ixodes persulcatus, rhipicephalus sanguineus and rhipicephalus microplus ticks. | metalloproteases (mps) have been considered essential for blood feeding and other physiological functions in several hematophagous animals, including ticks. we report the characterization of mp sequences of three important ticks from asia, africa and america: ixodes persulcatus (ip-mps), rhipicephalus sanguineus (rs-mps) and r. microplus (brrm-mps). amino acid sequence identity between r. microplus and r. sanguineus mps ranged from 76 to 100 %, and identities among i. persulcatus, i. ricinus and ... | 2014 | 24687173 |
| the intravenous and oral pharmacokinetics of afoxolaner used as a monthly chewable antiparasitic for dogs. | the pharmacokinetics of afoxolaner in dogs was evaluated following either intravenous or after oral administration of nexgard(®), a soft chewable formulation. afoxolaner is a member of one of the newest classes of antiparasitic agents, known as antiparasitic isoxazolines. the soft chewable formulation underwent rapid dissolution, and afoxolaner was absorbed quickly following oral administration of the minimum effective dose of 2.5mg/kg, with maximum plasma concentrations (cmax) of 1,655 ± 332 ng ... | 2014 | 24685320 |
| first report of babesia gibsoni in central america and survey for vector-borne infections in dogs from nicaragua. | although many vector-borne diseases are important causes of morbidity and mortality in dogs in tropical areas and potential zoonoses, there is little information on these conditions in central america. | 2014 | 24667065 |
| occurrence of tick-transmitted pathogens in dogs in jos, plateau state, nigeria. | canine babesiosis caused by babesia rossi, transmitted by haemaphysalis elliptica in south africa, has also been reported from nigeria. although h. leachi (sensu lato) is widespread in sub-saharan africa, published literature on the occurrence of canine babesiosis is meagre. it has been postulated that the genotype of babesia rossi erythrocyte membrane antigen 1 (brema1) may be linked to virulence of the specific isolate. the primary objective of this study was to detect and characterise tick-bo ... | 2014 | 24661795 |
| efficacy of chemical repellents against otobius megnini (acari: argasidae) and three species of ixodid ticks. | otobius megnini (dugès), often referred to as the ear tick or spinose ear tick, is a one-host tick native to the southwestern united states and mexico. infestations of this species can cause severe irritation and may affect breeding behavior in the host. although chemical repellents are commonly used as an alternative approach to conventional arthropod vector control, information on repellency against o. megnini is lacking. this study compared repellency of ammonia, bioud(®), 98.25% deet, garlic ... | 2014 | 24659519 |
| prospects of using dna barcoding for species identification and evaluation of the accuracy of sequence databases for ticks (acari: ixodida). | ticks are important vectors of disease and parasites of livestock. species identification of ticks has been traditionally based on morphological characters, which is usually limited by the condition of samples and little variation among specimens, so a rapid and reliable identification method is needed. dna barcoding uses a standard fragment of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase c subunit i (coi) to identify species and has been successfully used in many taxa. in this study, we applied dn ... | 2014 | 24656809 |
| new method using quantitative pcr to follow the tick blood meal and to assess the anti-feeding effect of topical acaricide against rhipicephalus sanguineus on dogs. | a 28-day study was conducted to assess the dynamic of blood feeding by rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks on dogs treated or not with a novel topical combination of fipronil, amitraz and (s)-methoprene. dogs were infested weekly through exposure to ticks in crates for 4h. ticks were then counted in the crates at 2h and 4h post dog exposure. ticks were also counted and removed from the dogs at 2h, 4h, 6h, 12h and 24h post tick exposure. the inhibition of blood feeding was assessed by both tick quanti ... | 2014 | 24656063 |
| serological and molecular prevalence of selected canine vector borne pathogens in blood donor candidates, clinically healthy volunteers, and stray dogs in north carolina. | canine vector borne diseases (cvbds) comprise illnesses caused by a spectrum of pathogens that are transmitted by arthropod vectors. some dogs have persistent infections without apparent clinical, hematological or biochemical abnormalities, whereas other dogs develop acute illnesses, persistent subclinical infections, or chronic debilitating diseases. the primary objective of this study was to screen healthy dogs for serological and molecular evidence of regionally important cvbds. | 2014 | 24655461 |
| bacterial and protozoal agents of feline vector-borne diseases in domestic and stray cats from southern portugal. | feline vector-borne diseases (fvbd) have emerged in recent years, showing a wider geographic distribution and increased global prevalence. in addition to their veterinary importance, domestic cats play a central role in the transmission cycles of some fvbd agents by acting as reservoirs and sentinels, a circumstance that requires a one health approach. the aim of the present work was to molecularly detect feline vector-borne bacteria and protozoa with veterinary and zoonotic importance, and to a ... | 2014 | 24655431 |
| molecular and histopathological detection of hepatozoon canis in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) from portugal. | hepatozoon canis is a protozoan tick-borne pathogen of dogs and wild canids. hepatozoon spp. have been reported to infect foxes in different continents and recent studies have mostly used the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the detection and characterization of the infecting species. surveying red foxes (vulpes vulpes) may contribute to better understanding the epidemiology of canine vector-borne diseases, including hepatozoonosis caused by h. canis in domestic dogs. the present study invest ... | 2014 | 24655375 |
| current status of l. infantum infection in stray cats in the madrid region (spain): implications for the recent outbreak of human leishmaniosis? | since 2009, the incidence of human leishmaniosis in the sw of the madrid region has been unusually high. although dogs are the main reservoir for this disease, a role played by dogs in this outbreak has been ruled out and investigators are now considering other hosts (eg. cats, rabbits, hares) as possible alternative reservoirs.this study was designed to examine the leishmania infantum status of stray cats in madrid to assess its possible implications in the human leishmaniosis outbreak. | 2014 | 24655361 |
| tissue tropism and vertical transmission of coxiella in rhipicephalus sanguineus and rhipicephalus turanicus ticks. | arthropod symbionts present tissue tropism that corresponds to the nature of the association and the mode of transmission between host generations. in ticks, however, our knowledge of symbiont tissue tropism and function is limited. here, we quantified and localized previously described coxiella-like symbionts in several organs of the tick rhipicephalus turanicus. quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed high densities of coxiella in the female gonads, and both male and female malpighian ... | 2014 | 24650112 |
| tick infestation and prophylaxis of dogs in northeastern germany: a prospective study. | ticks transmit various important pathogens to humans and animals, and dogs are frequently exposed to tick infestation. the objective of this study was to examine tick infestation and the characteristics of tick prophylaxis of dogs in the berlin/brandenburg area. a total of 441 dogs (392 owners) was examined from march 2010 to april 2011. the dog owners participated in the study for a period of 1-13 months (10.33±2.85; median 11.00). the prevalences of a total of 1728 ticks collected from 251 (57 ... | 2014 | 24629616 |
| assessment of the efficacy of orally administered afoxolaner against rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato. | two studies were conducted to confirm that a single oral dose of the novel insecticide/acaricide afoxolaner is efficacious against existing infestations of rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato in dogs and can control re-infestation for up to 35 days. each study utilized 16 purpose bred adult dogs using a controlled randomized block design. one or two days prior to treatment, all dogs were infested with 50 unfed adult ticks. on day 0 one group was treated with an oral chewable formulation of afoxo ... | 2014 | 24629425 |
| questionnaire-based survey on the distribution and incidence of canine babesiosis in countries of western europe. | the incidence of canine babesiosis may vary considerably from one country to another depending on the distribution of the causative parasite species and their specific vectors. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical occurrence of canine babesiosis diagnosed in european veterinary clinics and propose an updated map of the disease distribution in western europe. questionnaires were sent to companion animal veterinary clinics in spain, france, benelux, germany and austria. the an ... | 2014 | 24626325 |
| gene cloning, expression and immunogenicity of the protective antigen subolesin in dermacentor silvarum. | subolesin (4d8), the ortholog of insect akirins, is a highly conserved protective antigen and thus has the potential for development of a broad-spectrum vaccine against ticks and mosquitoes. to date, no protective antigens have been characterized nor tested as candidate vaccines against dermacentor silvarum bites and transmission of associated pathogens. in this study, we cloned the open reading frame (orf) of d. silvarum 4d8 cdna (ds4d8), which consisted of 498 bp encoding 165 amino acid residu ... | 2014 | 24623890 |
| anaplasma platys in bone marrow megakaryocytes of young dogs. | anaplasma platys is an obligate intracellular rickettsial pathogen that infects platelets of dogs, forming basophilic intracellular morulae. in the present report, cellular inclusions were documented in bone marrow thrombocyte precursors of two young naturally infected dogs, indicating that a. platys can infect megakaryocytes and promegakaryocytes. | 2014 | 24622106 |
| an efficient strategy of screening for pathogens in wild-caught ticks and mosquitoes by reusing small rna deep sequencing data. | this paper explored our hypothesis that srna (18 ∼ 30 bp) deep sequencing technique can be used as an efficient strategy to identify microorganisms other than viruses, such as prokaryotic and eukaryotic pathogens. in the study, the clean reads derived from the srna deep sequencing data of wild-caught ticks and mosquitoes were compared against the ncbi nucleotide collection (non-redundant nt database) using blastn. the blast results were then analyzed with in-house python scripts. an empirical fo ... | 2014 | 24618575 |
| rickettsia africae and candidatus rickettsia barbariae in ticks in israel. | dna of several spotted fever group rickettsiae was found in ticks in israel. the findings include evidence for the existence of rickettsia africae and candidatus rickettsia barbariae in ticks in israel. the dna of r. africae was detected in a hyalomma detritum tick from a wild boar and dna of c. rickettsia barbariae was detected in rhipicephalus turanicus and rhipicephalus sanguineus collected from vegetation. the dna of rickettsia massiliae was found in rh. sanguineus and haemaphysalis erinacei ... | 2014 | 24615133 |
| seasonal dynamics of rhipicephalus rossicus attacking domestic dogs from the steppic region of southeastern romania. | danube delta biosphere reserve is one of the most interesting regions in europe from an epidemiological point of view due to its great biodiversity, local climatic conditions and various types of habitats. moreover, there is no data regarding the ectoparasite communities of dogs from this area. in this frame, the aims of our study were to establish the tick communities parasitizing dogs and to provide new data regarding seasonal dynamics of a neglected tick species, rhipicephalus rossicus. | 2014 | 24612483 |
| occurrence of hepatozoon canis and cercopithifilaria bainae in an off-host population of rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato ticks. | hepatozoon canis (eucoccidiorida, hepatozoidae) and the filarioid cercopithifilaria bainae (spirurida, onchocercidae) are tick-transmitted infectious agents of dogs, highly prevalent in the mediterranean basin in association with rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato. ticks were collected from the environment every 25±2 days in a confined location in southern italy where a community of dogs lives, from august 2012 to july 2013. in order to study the occurrence of h. canis and c. bainae, 1091 tick ... | 2014 | 24594107 |
| a randomized, blinded, controlled and multi-centered field study comparing the efficacy and safety of bravecto (fluralaner) against frontline (fipronil) in flea- and tick-infested dogs. | fluralaner, a new molecular entity of the isoxazoline class, has potent insecticidal and acaricidal activity and can be safely administered orally to dogs. | 2014 | 24593931 |
| assessment of four dna fragments (coi, 16s rdna, its2, 12s rdna) for species identification of the ixodida (acari: ixodida). | the 5' region of cytochrome oxidase i (coi) is the standard marker for dna barcoding. however, coi has proved to be of limited use in identifying some species, and for some taxa, the coding sequence is not efficiently amplified by pcr. these deficiencies lead to uncertainty as to whether coi is the most suitable barcoding fragment for species identification of ticks. | 2014 | 24589289 |
| detection of microbial agents in ticks collected from migratory birds in central italy. | tick species characterization and molecular studies were performed within ornithological surveys conducted during 2010 and 2011 in the lazio region of central italy. a total of 137 ticks were collected from 41 migratory birds belonging to 17 species (four partial migrants and 13 long-distance migrants). most ticks were nymphs, with a predominance of hyalomma marginatum marginatum and h. m. rufipes, and a small portion of ixodes and amblyomma species. all tick species analyzed were infected, and ... | 2014 | 24576218 |
| a novel approach to control brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus using sustained release poly-ɛ-caprolactone-pheromone microspheres. | control of brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus was attempted by utilizing sustained release preparations of synthetic analogues of assembly pheromones. the assembly pheromone, in defined ratio, was encapsulated using poly-ɛ-caprolactone by water-in-oil-in-water double emulsion solvent evaporation technique. in the in vitro bioassay, percent mortality with test microspheres was 95.6, 64 and 44 among the unfed larvae, unfed nymph and unfed adults respectively, 24 hours post-exposure. field tr ... | 2014 | 24570062 |
| rickettsia and vector biodiversity of spotted fever focus, atlantic rain forest biome, brazil. | 0 | 24565262 | |
| glutathione s-transferase affects permethrin detoxification in the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus. | control of ticks on dogs is often done by application of repellents that contain permethrin as the active ingredient. in this research, we studied the role of a glutathione s-transferase (gst) gene in detoxification of permethrin by ticks using a gene silencing method rna interference (rnai). the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus, used in these studies, has a notable host preference for dogs, but also infests other mammals. in this research, r. sanguineus females were injected with gst do ... | 2014 | 24548526 |
| piroplasmosis in wildlife: babesia and theileria affecting free-ranging ungulates and carnivores in the italian alps. | piroplasmosis are among the most relevant diseases of domestic animals. babesia is emerging as cause of tick-borne zoonosis worldwide and free-living animals are reservoir hosts of several zoonotic babesia species. we investigated the epidemiology of babesia spp. and theileria spp. in wild ungulates and carnivores from northern italy to determine which of these apicomplexan species circulate in wildlife and their prevalence of infection. | 2014 | 24533742 |
| tick infestation patterns in free ranging african buffalo (syncercus caffer): effects of host innate immunity and niche segregation among tick species. | ticks are of vast importance to livestock health, and contribute to conflicts between wildlife conservation and agricultural interests; but factors driving tick infestation patterns on wild hosts are not well understood. we studied tick infestation patterns on free-ranging african buffalo (syncercus caffer), asking (i) is there evidence for niche segregation among tick species?; and (ii) how do host characteristics affect variation in tick abundance among hosts? we identified ticks and estimated ... | 2012 | 24533310 |
| survey of toxoplasma gondii and neospora caninum, haemotropic mycoplasmas and other arthropod-borne pathogens in cats from albania. | albania is a country on the western part of the balkan peninsula. the mediterranean climate is favourable for the stable development of many arthropod species, which are incriminated as vectors for various agents. recently, several papers have reported on epidemiological aspects of parasitic diseases including vector-borne disease agents of dogs with zoonotic characteristics in albania. however, data on the epidemiology of feline parasitic and bacterial agents in albania is scarce. | 2014 | 24517118 |
| fluazuron-induced morphological changes in rhipicephalus sanguineus latreille, 1806 (acari: ixodidae) nymphs: an ultra-structural evaluation of the cuticle formation and digestive processes. | rhipicephalus sanguineus is a species of tick which is widely distributed in america, africa and australia and is probably the most prevalent among all the other ixodid tick species. the present study demonstrated the effects of the arthropod growth regulator fluazuron (acatak(®)), in the formation of the integument and the digestive processes of r. sanguineus nymphs fed on rabbits treated with different doses of this chemical acaricide. for this, three different doses of fluazuron (20mg/kg, 40m ... | 2014 | 24508101 |
| hard tick factors implicated in pathogen transmission. | ticks are the most common arthropod vector, after mosquitoes, and are capable of transmitting the greatest variety of pathogens. for both humans and animals, the worldwide emergence or re-emergence of tick-borne disease is becoming increasingly problematic. despite being such an important issue, our knowledge of pathogen transmission by ticks is incomplete. several recent studies, reviewed here, have reported that the expression of some tick factors can be modulated in response to pathogen infec ... | 2014 | 24498444 |
| incidence of cercopithifilaria bainae in dogs and probability of co-infection with other tick-borne pathogens. | cercopithifilaria bainae is a filarioid parasite that infects dogs, being transmitted by rhipicephalus sanguineus group ticks in many countries of the mediterranean basin. this study assessed the incidence density rate (idr) of infection by c. bainae in dogs and the probability of co-infection with other tick-borne pathogens (i.e., anaplasma platys, babesia vogeli and hepatozoon canis), in an area of high endemicity in southern italy. | 2014 | 24498437 |
| tick-borne lymphadenopathy-like condition in an african woman in kenya. | a 30-year-old african woman in kenya succumbed to severe swollen regional lymph nodes, development of painful boils and ulcer formation and rashes at specific tick-biting sites together with an intermittent fever and headache following repeated tick bites of rhipicephalus pulchellus. she later developed nuchal lymphadenopathy-like condition and an eschar with edematous margins at bitten sites. a sustained high fever and fatigue then followed. she became well after treatment with antibiotics and ... | 0 | 24497868 |
| a seventeen-year epidemiological surveillance study of borrelia burgdorferi infections in two provinces of northern spain. | this paper reports a 17-year seroepidemiological surveillance study of borrelia burgdorferi infection, performed with the aim of improving our knowledge of the epidemiology of this pathogen. serum samples (1,179) from patients (623, stratified with respect to age, sex, season, area of residence and occupation) bitten by ticks in two regions of northern spain were ifa-tested for b. burgdorferi antibodies. positive results were confirmed by western blotting. antibodies specific for b. burgdorferi ... | 2014 | 24487455 |
| first detection of leishmania infantum (kinetoplastida: trypanosomatidae) in culicoides spp. (diptera: ceratopogonidae). | culicoides (diptera: ceratopogonidae) species are known to be the vectors of bluetongue virus and african horses sickness virus (ahsv) in different areas of the world. nevertheless, other researchers have hypothesized that these arthropods could be involved in the transmission of other pathogens such as schmallenberg virus, plasmodium and leishmania parasites. identification of the culicoides' potential vector competence is crucial in understanding the worldwide culicoides/leishmania life cycle. | 2014 | 24460752 |
| failure of imidocarb dipropionate and toltrazuril/emodepside plus clindamycin in treating hepatozoon canis infection. | hepatozoonosis caused by hepatozoon canis (eucoccidiorida, hepatozoidae) is among the most widespread vector-borne infections of dogs, primarily transmitted by rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato ticks. based on the absence of a consensus on the treatment regimes for canine hepatozoonosis, the present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of imidocarb dipropionate (5-6 mg/kg subcutaneously once a week for 6 weeks), and of toltrazuril/emodepside (procox(®), 15 mg/kg once a day for 6 days) in assoc ... | 2014 | 24439769 |
| the enigma of the dog mummy from ancient egypt and the origin of 'rhipicephalus sanguineus'. | ticks belonging to the rhipicephalus sanguineus group are amongst the most important vectors of pathogenic microorganisms to dogs and humans. however, the taxonomy of this species group is still the subject of debate, especially because there is no type specimen or reliable morphological description for rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu stricto. recently, a comprehensive morphological and genetic study on representative tick specimens from europe, africa, americas, and oceania, revealed the existen ... | 2014 | 24438558 |
| morphometric variations in gametocytes of hepatozoon canis from naturally infected dogs. | this study presents the morphometric characteristic of canine haemoprotozoan, hepatozoon canis, using software dp2-bsw (olympus). the gametocytes of h. canis found inside the neutrophils were characteristic in shape and size and varied from 9.50 to 11.80 μm × 5.10-6.00 μm. parasitaemia ranged from 1.00 to 39.00 %. few gametocytes without nuclei and of abnormal shapes were also observed. the results were compared with the measurements done by using ocular micrometer. | 2012 | 24431557 |
| field trials to attract questing stages of brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus using tick pheromone-acaricide complex. | evaluations were made to assess the efficacy of assembly pheromone, attractant sex pheromone and the kairomone carbon dioxide in attracting the questing larval nymphal and adult stages of the brown ear dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus. ticks attracted to one location were killed using the acaricide deltamethrin. initially, simulated field trials were conducted to observe the percentage of attraction of ticks from different distances. tick lure comprising of carbon dioxide as kairomone and 2,6- ... | 2012 | 24431546 |
| a survey of ixodid tick species and molecular identification of tick-borne pathogens. | this study was undertaken in two different climatic areas of turkey to determine the presence of tick-borne pathogens of medical and veterinary importance. the ticks were removed from humans, pooled according to species and developmental stages, and analyzed by pcr, reverse line blot (rlb) and sequencing. of the 2333 removed ticks from 10 species, 1238 (53.06%) were obtained from the arid cold zone, and the remaining 1095 (46.93%) were obtained from the humid zone. the removed ticks were identif ... | 2014 | 24424312 |
| dogs, cats, parasites, and humans in brazil: opening the black box. | dogs and cats in brazil serve as primary hosts for a considerable number of parasites, which may affect their health and wellbeing. these may include endoparasites (e.g., protozoa, cestodes, trematodes, and nematodes) and ectoparasites (i.e., fleas, lice, mites, and ticks). while some dog and cat parasites are highly host-specific (e.g., aelurostrongylus abstrusus and felicola subrostratus for cats, and angiostrongylus vasorum and trichodectes canis for dogs), others may easily switch to other h ... | 2014 | 24423244 |
| pcr-based detection of babesia spp. infection in collected ticks from cattle in west and north-west of iran. | babesiosis is a haemoparasitic disease of domestic and wild animals caused by species of the genus babesia. babesia bigemina, b. bovis and b. divergens are known to be pathogenic in cattle. the disease is transmitted during blood feeding by infected ticks and is the most economically important tick-borne disease in tropical and subtropical areas. ixodid ticks are vectors in the transmission of babesiosis. the classic presentation is a febrile syndrome with apparent anemia and hemoglobinuria. thi ... | 2013 | 24409438 |
| sensitivity to permethrin in a dermacentor reticulatus population from eastern poland in laboratory study. | the action of chemical compounds on the palaearctic tick d. reticulatus (fabricius) (acari: amblyomminae) has been poorly investigated so far. therefore, the effects of application of permethrin on engorged d. reticulatus females have been assessed, and the survival rate for the different developmental stages of the tick species in its non-parasitic phase of the life cycle was determined upon application of the pyrethroid. | 2014 | 24405550 |
| climate and environmental change drives ixodes ricinus geographical expansion at the northern range margin. | global environmental change is causing spatial and temporal shifts in the distribution of species and the associated diseases of humans, domesticated animals and wildlife. in the on-going debate on the influence of climate change on vectors and vector-borne diseases, there is a lack of a comprehensive interdisciplinary multi-factorial approach utilizing high quality spatial and temporal data. | 2014 | 24401487 |
| control of tick infestations and pathogen prevalence in cattle and sheep farms vaccinated with the recombinant subolesin-major surface protein 1a chimeric antigen. | despite the use of chemical acaricides, tick infestations continue to affect animal health and production worldwide. tick vaccines have been proposed as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative for tick control. vaccination with the candidate tick protective antigen, subolesin (sub), has been shown experimentally to be effective in controlling vector infestations and pathogen infection. furthermore, escherichia coli membranes containing the chimeric antigen composed of sub fused ... | 2014 | 24398155 |
| laboratory identification of arthropod ectoparasites. | the collection, handling, identification, and reporting of ectoparasitic arthropods in clinical and reference diagnostic laboratories are discussed in this review. included are data on ticks, mites, lice, fleas, myiasis-causing flies, and bed bugs. the public health importance of these organisms is briefly discussed. the focus is on the morphological identification and proper handling and reporting of cases involving arthropod ectoparasites, particularly those encountered in the united states. o ... | 2014 | 24396136 |
| insecticide/acaricide resistance in fleas and ticks infesting dogs and cats. | this review defines insecticide/acaricide resistance and describes the history, evolution, types, mechanisms, and detection of resistance as it applies to chemicals currently used against fleas and ticks of dogs and cats and summarizes resistance reported to date. we introduce the concept of refugia as it applies to flea and tick resistance and discuss strategies to minimize the impact and inevitable onset of resistance to newer classes of insecticides. our purpose is to provide the veterinary p ... | 2014 | 24393426 |
| multispacer typing of rickettsia isolates from humans and ticks in tunisia revealing new genotypes. | rickettsioses are important remerging vector born infections. in tunisia, many species have been described in humans and vectors. genotyping is important for tracking pathogen movement between hosts and vectors. in this study, we characterized rickettsia species detected in patients and vectors using multispacer typing (mst), proposed by founier et al. and based on three intergenic spacers (dksa-xerc, rmpe- trna(fmet), mppa-pruc) sequencing. | 2013 | 24380581 |
| control of brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus using assembly pheromone encapsulated in natural polymer, chitosan. | in the current study, an attempt was made to encapsulate assembly pheromone using natural polymer, chitosan. chitosan beads were prepared by incorporating assembly pheromone in conjunction with an acaricide, namely, deltamethrin. in the in vitro bioassay, the test beads attracted and killed 79 % of unfed larvae, 88 % of unfed nymphs and 61 % of unfed adults of the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus, in 24 h of exposure. field trials were carried out to attract and kill the pre-parasitic en ... | 2014 | 24375150 |
| morphological alterations of epidermis of rabbits infested by r. sanguineus ticks and exposed to selamectin (active principle of pfizer revolution(®) acaricide): a confocal microscopy study. | the present study analyzed, by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy, the epidermis of rabbits infested by the brown dog tick rhipicephalus sanguineus and exposed to concentrations of 50%, 80% and 100% of a selamectin-based commercial acaricide (pfizer's revolution(®)). the results demonstrated that rabbits exposed to concentrations of 80% and 100% of the revolution acaricide, which contains 12% selamectin, showed thinning of epithelial tissue of the epidermis with associated cellular diso ... | 2014 | 24369880 |
| the novel isoxazoline ectoparasiticide fluralaner: selective inhibition of arthropod γ-aminobutyric acid- and l-glutamate-gated chloride channels and insecticidal/acaricidal activity. | isoxazolines are a novel class of parasiticides that are potent inhibitors of γ-aminobutyric acid (gaba)-gated chloride channels (gabacls) and l-glutamate-gated chloride channels (glucls). in this study, the effects of the isoxazoline drug fluralaner on insect and acarid gabacl (rdl) and glucl and its parasiticidal potency were investigated. we report the identification and cdna cloning of rhipicephalus (r.) microplus rdl and glucl genes, and their functional expression in xenopus laevis oocytes ... | 2014 | 24365472 |
| acaricidal activity of essential oil from lippia sidoides on unengorged larvae and nymphs of rhipicephalus sanguineus (acari: ixodidae) and amblyomma cajennense (acari: ixodidae). | the aims of this work were to identify the compounds and to investigate the acaricidal activity of the essential oil of lippia sidoides for unengorged larvae and nymphs of rhipicephalus sanguineus and amblyomma cajennense. the oil was analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. in total, 22 compounds comprising 98.5% of the total peak area were identified. the major constituent of the essential oil was thymol (69.9%). the acaricidal activity against larvae and nymphs ... | 2014 | 24333789 |
| molecular epidemiology of the emerging zoonosis agent anaplasma phagocytophilum (foggie, 1949) in dogs and ixodid ticks in brazil. | anaplasma phagocytophilum is an emerging pathogen of humans, dogs and other animals, and it is transmitted by ixodid ticks. the objective of the current study was a) detect a. phagocytophilum in dogs and ixodid ticks using real-time polymerase chain reaction (qpcr); and b) determine important variables associated to host, environment and potential tick vectors that are related to the presence of a. phagocytophilum in dogs domiciled in rio de janeiro, brazil. | 2013 | 24330631 |
| the ovarian transcriptome of the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, feeding upon a bovine host infected with babesia bovis. | cattle babesiosis is a tick-borne disease of cattle with the most severe form of the disease caused by the apicomplexan, babesia bovis. babesiosis is transmitted to cattle through the bite of infected cattle ticks of the genus rhipicephalus. the most prevalent species is rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, which is distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical countries of the world. the transmission of b. bovis is transovarian and a previous study of the r. microplus ovarian proteome ide ... | 2013 | 24330595 |
| vector-borne pathogens in dogs from costa rica: first molecular description of babesia vogeli and hepatozoon canis infections with a high prevalence of monocytic ehrlichiosis and the manifestations of co-infection. | infection with canine vector-borne pathogens was evaluated in dogs from four different regions of costa rica by pcr. demographic data, clinical signs, packed cell volume values, and the presence of tick infestation were recorded for each dog. forty seven percent (69/146) of the dogs were infected with at least one pathogen and 12% were co-infected with two pathogens. ehrlichia canis was detected in 34%, anaplasma platys in 10%, babesia vogeli in 8%, and hepatozoon canis in 7.5% of the blood samp ... | 2014 | 24315693 |
| next generation sequencing uncovers unexpected bacterial pathogens in ticks in western europe. | ticks are highly susceptible to global environmental and socio-economical changes. several tick-borne pathogens have been reported in new geographical regions while new species, strains or genetic variants of tick-borne microorganisms are continually being detected. however, tick-borne pathogens are still poorly understood, and it is estimated that half of all human tick-borne disease has an unknown origin. therefore in order to prevent these diseases, more effort is required to identify unknown ... | 2013 | 24312301 |
| ticks and tick-borne pathogens at the cutaneous interface: host defenses, tick countermeasures, and a suitable environment for pathogen establishment. | ticks are unique among hematophagous arthropods by continuous attachment to host skin and blood feeding for days; complexity and diversity of biologically active molecules differentially expressed in saliva of tick species; their ability to modulate the host defenses of pain and itch, hemostasis, inflammation, innate and adaptive immunity, and wound healing; and, the diverse array of infectious agents they transmit. all of these interactions occur at the cutaneous interface in a complex sequence ... | 2013 | 24312085 |
| functional characterisation of a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α subunit from the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus. | ticks and tick-borne diseases have a major impact on human and animal health worldwide. current control strategies rely heavily on the use of chemical acaricides, most of which target the cns and with increasing resistance, new drugs are urgently needed. nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nachrs) are targets of highly successful insecticides. we isolated a full-length nachr α subunit from a normalised cdna library from the synganglion (brain) of the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus. phyl ... | 2013 | 24291321 |
| acaricidal activity of extract of artemisia absinthium against rhipicephalus sanguineus of dogs. | the objective of the study was to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of different concentrations of chloroform extract obtained from the aerial parts of artemisia absinthium in comparison to amitraz on adults, eggs and larvae of the dog tick rhipicephalus sanguineus using the adult immersion test (ait), egg hatchability test (eht) and larval packet test (lpt), respectively. five concentrations of the extract (1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 %) with three replications for each concentration were used in all ... | 2014 | 24288053 |
| cercopithifilaria spp. in dogs in sardinia island (italy). | a survey on cercopithifilaria spp. was carried out on owned and kennelled dogs in sardinia, italy. a total of 180 dogs were sampled and tested by microscopic detection or pcr of dermal microfilariae in skin snip sediments. the overall prevalence for cercopithifilaria spp. at both microscopy and molecular tests was 9.4 % (17/180), while 8.3 % (15/180) of dogs scored positive at microscopic detection of sediments only. of the 225 microfilariae measured, 212 were identified as cercopithifilaria bai ... | 2014 | 24271152 |
| first assessment for the presence of phlebotomine vectors in bavaria, southern germany, by combined distribution modeling and field surveys. | leishmaniasis is caused by protozoa of the genus leishmania and transmitted by sand flies from mammalian reservoirs to humans. in recent years, a northward spread of l. infantum from highly endemic mediterranean countries into previously non-endemic central european areas has been suspected based on presumed sporadic cases of autochthonous leishmaniasis. here, we investigated whether sand flies are prevalent in bavaria in southern germany, a federal state in which autochthonous cases have previo ... | 2013 | 24260539 |
| acaricidal efficacy of topical formulation of fipronil in naturally infested dogs in amazonic region, brazil. | this study was conducted to show the effectiveness of a novel formulation of fipronil in a spot-on formulation for the therapeutic and preventive control of rhipicephalus sanguineus in naturally infested dogs. ticks on all dogs were counted at the moment of treatment and weekly after treatment (therapeutic efficacy) or infestation (preventive efficacy). the profile of the therapeutic efficacy for rhipicephalus sanguineus suggested that the formulation was able to control the ixodid species for a ... | 2013 | 24252969 |
| [detection of rickettsia andeanae in two regions of chile]. | candidatus 'rickettsia andeanae' is recently recognized specie, with no attributed pathogenic role so far. it has been reported in amblyomma ticks from peru, usa and argentina, and recently in chile, in one specimen of amblyomma triste from a rural locality in arica. | 2013 | 24248107 |
| disease control through fertility control: secondary benefits of animal birth control in indian street dogs. | we sought to (1) survey sexually intact street dogs for a wide range of diseases in three cities in rajasthan, india and (2) evaluate links between the health of non-treated dogs and both the presence and duration of animal birth control (abc) programs. abc regimes sterilize and vaccinate stray dogs in an attempt to control their population and the spread of rabies. they are commonly suggested to improve the health of those dogs they serve, but here we provide evidence that these benefits also e ... | 2014 | 24239212 |
| effects of aedes aegypti salivary components on dendritic cell and lymphocyte biology. | saliva is a key element of interaction between hematophagous mosquitoes and their vertebrate hosts. in addition to allowing a successful blood meal by neutralizing or delaying hemostatic responses, the salivary cocktail is also able to modulate the effector mechanisms of host immune responses facilitating, in turn, the transmission of several types of microorganisms. understanding how the mosquito uses its salivary components to circumvent host immunity might help to clarify the mechanisms of tr ... | 2013 | 24238038 |
| detection of rickettsia in rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks and ctenocephalides felis fleas from southeastern tunisia by reverse line blot assay. | ticks (n = 663) and fleas (n = 470) collected from domestic animals from southeastern tunisia were screened for rickettsia infection using reverse line blot assay. evidence of spotted fever group rickettsia was obtained. we detected rickettsia felis in fleas, rickettsia massiliae bar 29 and the rickettsia conorii israeli spotted fever strain in ticks, and rickettsia conorii subsp. conorii and rickettsia spp. in both arthropods. the sensitivity of the adopted technique allowed the identification ... | 2013 | 24226919 |
| international union of basic and clinical pharmacology. [corrected]. lxxxix. update on the extended family of chemokine receptors and introducing a new nomenclature for atypical chemokine receptors. | sixteen years ago, the nomenclature committee of the international union of pharmacology approved a system for naming human seven-transmembrane (7tm) g protein-coupled chemokine receptors, the large family of leukocyte chemoattractant receptors that regulates immune system development and function, in large part by mediating leukocyte trafficking. this was announced in pharmacological reviews in a major overview of the first decade of research in this field [murphy pm, baggiolini m, charo if, hé ... | 2013 | 24218476 |
| investigation of tick vectors of hepatozoon canis in brazil. | hepatozoon canis is a common apicomplexan parasite of dogs. in brazil, in addition to rhipicephalus sanguineus, amblyomma ovale, amblyomma cajennense, and rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus have been suggested to act as vectors. the present study aimed to evaluate, under controlled conditions, the acquisition of h. canis by a. ovale, r. sanguineus, and a. cajennense after feeding on naturally infected dogs. cytological and histophatological examinations were performed to recover oocysts and oth ... | 2013 | 24209494 |
| effects of homologous and heterologous immunization on the reservoir competence of domestic dogs for rickettsia conorii (israelensis). | a number of spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae cause serious infections in humans. several antigenically related rickettsial agents may coexist within the same geographical area, and humans or vertebrate hosts may be sequentially exposed to multiple sfg agents. we assessed whether exposure of a vertebrate reservoir to one sfg rickettsia will affect the host's immune response to a related pathogen and the efficiency of transmission to uninfected ticks. two pairs of dogs were each infected with ... | 2014 | 24201056 |
| ectoparasites in urban stray cats in jerusalem, israel: differences in infestation patterns of fleas, ticks and permanent ectoparasites. | in a period cross-sectional study performed to examine ectoparasites on 340 stray cats in jerusalem, israel, 186 (54.7%) were infested with the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis (siphonaptera: pulicidae), 49 (14.4%) with the cat louse, felicola subrostratus (phthiraptera: trichodectidae), 41 (12.0%) with the ear mite, otodectes cynotis (astigmata: psoroptidae), three (0.9%) with the fur mite, cheyletiella blakei (trobidiformes: cheyletidae), two (0.6%) with the itch mite notoedres cati (astigmata: ... | 2014 | 24191942 |
| tick pests and vectors (acari: ixodoidea) in european towns: introduction, persistence and management. | ticks have always been a part of fauna in and around human settlements, and their significance changed concurrently with the enlargement of settlements and their transformation into towns. the increased rate of urbanization during the last decades has created a new reality for tick existence. two groups of ticks are of major concern for modern towns: those living under natural conditions of urban surroundings and those well-adapted to urban conditions. during the process of urbanization, encroac ... | 2014 | 24183576 |
| a nod to disease vectors: mitigation of pathogen sensing by arthropod saliva. | arthropod saliva possesses anti-hemostatic, anesthetic, and anti-inflammatory properties that facilitate feeding and, inadvertently, dissemination of pathogens. vector-borne diseases caused by these pathogens affect millions of people each year. many studies address the impact of arthropod salivary proteins on various immunological components. however, whether and how arthropod saliva counters nod-like (nlr) sensing remains elusive. nlrs are innate immune pattern recognition molecules involved i ... | 2013 | 24155744 |
| rickettsia felis, an emerging flea-transmitted human pathogen. | rickettsia felis was first recognised two decades ago and has now been described as endemic to all continents except antarctica. the rickettsiosis caused by r. felis is known as flea-borne spotted fever or cat-flea typhus. the large number of arthropod species found to harbour r. felis and that may act as potential vectors support the view that it is a pan-global microbe. the main arthropod reservoir and vector is the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis, yet more than 20 other species of fleas, tick ... | 2011 | 24149035 |
| isolation, in vitro propagation, genetic analysis, and immunogenic characterization of an ehrlichia canis strain from southeastern brazil. | amplification of the 16s rrna gene from a blood sample obtained from a dog in southeastern brazil was used to confirm a naturally acquired ehrlichia (e.) canis infection. following isolation and culturing of the new bacterial strain called uberlandia, partial sequences of the dsb and p28 genes were obtained. the dsb partial sequence of the novel strain was 100% similar to dsb gene sequences of e. canis obtained from different geographic areas around the world. conversely, the p28 partial sequenc ... | 2013 | 24136211 |