Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| an isothermal, label-free, and rapid one-step rna amplification/detection assay for diagnosis of respiratory viral infections. | recently, rna viral infections caused by respiratory viruses, such as influenza, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus, coronavirus, and middle east respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (mers-cov), and zika virus, are a major public health threats in the world. although myriads of diagnostic methods based on rna amplification have been developed in the last decades, they continue to lack speed, sensitivity, and specificity for clinical use. a rapid and accurate diagnostic method is needed for a ... | 2017 | 27894035 |
| human metapneumovirus in the preterm neonate: current perspectives. | premature birth (<37 weeks gestation) occurs in ~11% of all births in the us. these infants are at risk of chronic lung disease and respiratory conditions, including bronchopulmonary dysplasia. respiratory viruses are important causes of acute respiratory illness (ari) in preterm infants, leading to rehospitalization, increased health care burden, and long-term morbidity. human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a paramyxovirus discovered in 2001 that is related to respiratory syncytial virus. epidemiolo ... | 2016 | 27891060 |
| rapid antigen detection test for respiratory syncytial virus diagnosis as a diagnostic tool. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the quickvue(®) rsv test kit (quidel corp, ca, usa) as a screening tool for respiratory syncytial virus in children with acute respiratory disease in comparison with the indirect immunofluorescence assay as gold standard. in brazil, rapid antigen detection tests for respiratory syncytial virus are not routinely utilized as a diagnostic tool, except for the diagnosis of dengue and influenza. | 2016 | 27889321 |
| inhibitory effects of bee venom and its components against viruses in vitro and in vivo. | bee venom (bv) from honey bee (apis melifera l.) contains at least 18 pharmacologically active components including melittin (mlt), phospholipase a2 (pla2), and apamin etc. bv is safe for human treatments dose dependently and proven to possess different healing properties including antibacterial and antiparasitidal properties. nevertheless, antiviral properties of bv have not well investigated. hence, we identified the potential antiviral properties of bv and its component against a broad panel ... | 2016 | 27888461 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and influenza are the key viral pathogens in children <2 years hospitalized with bronchiolitis and pneumonia in islamabad pakistan. | pneumonia remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. comprehensive surveillance data are needed to review the prevention and control strategies. we conducted active surveillance of acute lower respiratory infections among children aged <2 years hospitalized at two hospitals of islamabad, pakistan. viral etiology was determined using real-time pcr on respiratory specimens collected during march 2011-april 2012. the overall mean age was 7.83 ± 5.25 months while no ... | 2017 | 27885562 |
| clinical impact of mixed respiratory viral infection in children with adenoviral infection. | although adenovirus (adv) infection occurs steadily all year round in korea and the identification of respiratory viral coinfections has been increasing following the introduction of multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction tests, the clinical impact of viral coinfection in children with adv infection has rarely been reported. | 2016 | 27883373 |
| influenza in poland in 2013 and 2013/2014 epidemic season | analysis of epidemiological situation of influenza in poland in 2013 and 2013/14 epidemic season in reference to previous years and seasons. | 2017 | 27883286 |
| inclusion body fusion of human parainfluenza virus type 3 regulated by acetylated α-tubulin enhances viral replication. | viral inclusion bodies (ibs), or replication factories, are unique structures generated by viral proteins together with some cellular proteins as a platform for efficient viral replication, but little is known about the mechanism underlying ib formation and fusion. our previous study demonstrated that the interaction between the nucleoprotein (n) and phosphoprotein (p) of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hpiv3), an enveloped virus with great medical impact, can form ibs. in this study, we found ... | 2017 | 27881643 |
| human coronavirus in the 2014 winter season as a cause of lower respiratory tract infection. | during the late autumn to winter season (october to december) in the republic of korea, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common pathogen causing lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis). interestingly, in 2014, human coronavirus (hcov) caused not only upper respiratory infections but also lrtis more commonly than in other years. therefore, we sought to determine the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, outcomes, and severity of illnesses associated with hcov infections at a sin ... | 2017 | 27873511 |
| respiratory viral infections and host responses; insights from genomics. | respiratory viral infections are a leading cause of disease and mortality. the severity of these illnesses can vary markedly from mild or asymptomatic upper airway infections to severe wheezing, bronchiolitis or pneumonia. in this article, we review the viral sensing pathways and organizing principles that govern the innate immune response to infection. then, we reconstruct the molecular networks that differentiate symptomatic from asymptomatic respiratory viral infections, and identify the unde ... | 2016 | 27871304 |
| monitoring respiratory virus infection in the metropolitan area of belo horizonte, brazil, 2011-2013. | to analyze the circulation of respiratory viruses in people living in the metropolitan area of belo horizonte, brazil, and hospitalized in belo horizonte from 2011 to 2013. | 2016 | 27869941 |
| defining the risk and associated morbidity and mortality of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection among infants with chronic lung disease. | the regal (rsv evidence-a geographical archive of the literature) series provide a comprehensive review of the published evidence in the field of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in western countries over the last 20 years. this third publication covers the risk and burden of rsv infection in infants with chronic lung disease (cld), formerly called bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd). | 2016 | 27864751 |
| update from the advisory committee on immunization practices. | the advisory committee on immunization practices (acip) consists of medical and public health experts who develop recommendations on vaccine use in the united states. the acip meets 3 times per year, and members and centers for disease control (cdc) staff present findings and discuss vaccine research, vaccine effectiveness (ve) and safety, clinical trial results, and labeling/package insert information. outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases and vaccine shortages are also discussed. nonvoting ... | 2016 | 27856770 |
| impact of the updated guidance for palivizumab prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus infection: a single center experience. | to determine the differences in number of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalizations and outcomes in infants 29(0/7)-34(6/7) weeks' gestational age (wga) the season before (season 1 [s1]; 2013-2014) and after (season 2 [s2]; 2014-2015) implementation of the 2014 american academy of pediatrics revised guidance for palivizumab prophylaxis. | 2017 | 27855996 |
| an investigation into respiratory tract viruses in children with acute lower respiratory tract infection or wheezing. | this study aimed to determine the frequencies of respiratory tract viruses in patient (acute lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) or wheezing) and control (history of asthma without symptoms) groups. | 2016 | 27854115 |
| absence of association between cord specific antibody levels and severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease in early infants: a case control study from coastal kenya. | the target group for severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease prevention is infants under 6 months of age. vaccine boosting of antibody titres in pregnant mothers could protect these young infants from severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) associated disease. quantifying protective levels of rsv-specific maternal antibody at birth would inform vaccine development. | 2016 | 27851799 |
| antiviral activity of polysaccharide extract from laminaria japonica against respiratory syncytial virus. | this study was designed to investigate the inhibition activity of polysaccharide extract from laminaria japonica against rsv. the polysaccharide from laminaria japonica was isolated by ethanol precipitation. hek293 cells were infected with rvs, and the antiviral activity of polysaccharide extract against rsv in host cells was tested. by using elisa and western blot assay, the expression level of ifn-α and irf3 and their functional roles in polysaccharide-mediated antiviral activity against rsv w ... | 2016 | 27847204 |
| natural killer cells in asthma. | this review article discusses current knowledge on natural killer (nk) cells in asthma. | 2017 | 27841766 |
| immunopathogenesis associated with formaldehyde-inactivated rsv vaccine in preclinical and clinical studies. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is responsible for one-third of deaths of acute lower respiratory infection in children less than one-year-old. the formaldehyde-inactivated rsv vaccine trial conducted in the 1960s predisposed the vaccinees to more serious rsv infection instead of protection. better understanding of the underlying mechanism is of critical importance for better designing of safe and effective rsv vaccines. areas covered: pubmed was searched to review immunopathology in ... | 2017 | 27841687 |
| management of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: 2015 survey of members of the european society for paediatric infectious diseases. | in 1995, the european society for paediatric infectious diseases (espid) carried out a survey of its members to assess the variation in management of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis. the aim of the current study was to carry out a similar survey 20 years later to assess how the management had changed. an electronic, structured, english language survey, based on the united kingdom national institute for health and care excellence (nice) bronchiolitis draft guideline, was sent to e ... | 2016 | 27840650 |
| vitamin d increases the antiviral activity of bronchial epithelial cells in vitro. | by modulating the antiviral immune response via vitamin d receptor, the active form of vitamin d (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d, calcitriol) could play a central role in protection against respiratory virus infections. this in vitro study tested the hypothesis that respiratory viruses modulate vitamin d receptor expression in human bronchial epithelial cells and this modulation affects the antiviral response to exogenous vitamin d. | 2017 | 27838350 |
| local variations in the timing of rsv epidemics. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a primary cause of hospitalizations in children worldwide. the timing of seasonal rsv epidemics needs to be known in order to administer prophylaxis to high-risk infants at the appropriate time. | 2016 | 27835988 |
| co-circulation of 72bp duplication group a and 60bp duplication group b respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) strains in riyadh, saudi arabia during 2014. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important viral pathogen of acute respiratory tract infection (ari). limited data are available on molecular epidemiology of rsv from saudi arabia. a total of 130 nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from children less than 5 years of age with ari symptoms attending the emergency department at king khalid university hospital and king fahad medical city, riyadh, saudi arabia between october and december, 2014. rsv was identified in the 26% of the hospita ... | 2016 | 27835664 |
| transcriptome assists prognosis of disease severity in respiratory syncytial virus infected infants. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes infections that range from common cold to severe lower respiratory tract infection requiring high-level medical care. prediction of the course of disease in individual patients remains challenging at the first visit to the pediatric wards and rsv infections may rapidly progress to severe disease. in this study we investigate whether there exists a genomic signature that can accurately predict the course of rsv. we used early blood microarray transcriptome ... | 2016 | 27833115 |
| lack of association between viral load and severity of acute bronchiolitis in infants. | to investigate the correlation between respiratory syncytial viral load and length of hospitalization in infants with acute wheezing episodes. | 2016 | 27832233 |
| announcement: world pneumonia day - november 12, 2016. | november 12th marks the eighth annual world pneumonia day, observed to raise awareness of pneumonia as a global public health concern for persons of all ages and a leading infectious cause of death of children aged <5 years, causing approximately 900,000 child deaths annually (1). in the united states, the majority of the 53,000 annual pneumonia deaths occur in persons aged ≥65 years. respiratory viruses, such as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza, and streptococcus pneumoniae bacte ... | 2016 | 27832057 |
| multiplexed metagenomic deep sequencing to analyze the composition of high-priority pathogen reagents. | laboratories studying high-priority pathogens need comprehensive methods to confirm microbial species and strains while also detecting contamination. metagenomic deep sequencing (mds) inventories nucleic acids present in laboratory stocks, providing an unbiased assessment of pathogen identity, the extent of genomic variation, and the presence of contaminants. double-stranded cdna mds libraries were constructed from rna extracted from in vitro-passaged stocks of six viruses (la crosse virus, ebol ... | 2017 | 27822544 |
| a simple screening approach to prioritize genes for functional analysis identifies a role for interferon regulatory factor 7 in the control of respiratory syncytial virus disease. | greater understanding of the functions of host gene products in response to infection is required. while many of these genes enable pathogen clearance, some enhance pathogen growth or contribute to disease symptoms. many studies have profiled transcriptomic and proteomic responses to infection, generating large data sets, but selecting targets for further study is challenging. here we propose a novel data-mining approach combining multiple heterogeneous data sets to prioritize genes for further ... | 2017 | 27822537 |
| characterizing the risk of respiratory syncytial virus in infants with older siblings: a population-based birth cohort study. | from a population-based birth cohort of 245 249 children born in western australia during 1996-2005, we used linkage of laboratory and birth record datasets to obtain data including all respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) detections during infancy from a subcohort of 87 981 singleton children born in the perth metropolitan area from 2000 to 2004. using log binomial regression, we found that the risk of infant rsv detection increases with the number of older siblings, with those having ⩾3 older sib ... | 2017 | 27821195 |
| [effect of respiratory syncytial virus-related pulmonary infection on endogenous metabolites in large intestinal mucosa in mice]. | to investigate the effect of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-related pulmonary infection on endogenous metabolites in large intestinal mucosa in balb/c mice using metabolomics technology based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms). | 2016 | 27817786 |
| structure and functional dynamics characterization of the ion channel of the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) small hydrophobic protein (sh) transmembrane domain by combining molecular dynamics with excited normal modes. | the human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is the major cause of lower respiratory tract infection in children and elderly people worldwide. its genome encodes 11 proteins including sh protein, whose functions are not well known. studies show that sh protein increases rsv virulence degree and permeability to small compounds, suggesting it is involved in the formation of ion channels. the knowledge of sh structure and function is fundamental for a better understanding of its infection mechanism ... | 2016 | 27817112 |
| health care-acquired viral respiratory diseases. | health care-acquired viral respiratory infections are common and cause increased patient morbidity and mortality. respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus are frequently transmitted in the hospital setting. studies report decreased nosocomial transmission when aggressive infection control measures are implemented with more success using a multicomponent approach. influenza vaccination of health care personnel has been shown to further decrease rates of transmission, thus mandatory vaccina ... | 2016 | 27816139 |
| meeting report: 29th international conference on antiviral research in la jolla, ca, usa. | the 29th international conference on antiviral research (icar) was held in la jolla, ca, usa from april 17 to 21, 2016. this report opens with a tribute to the late chris mcguigan, a past-president of isar, then continues with summaries of the principal invited lectures. doug richman (elion award) investigated hiv resistance, bob vince (holý award) showed how carbocyclic nucleoside analogs led to abacavir and jerome deval (prusoff award) explained how his group chose to seek a nucleoside analog ... | 2017 | 27815125 |
| viral respiratory infections in a nursing home: a six-month prospective study. | the knowledge on viral respiratory infections in nursing home (nh) residents and their caregivers is limited. the purpose of the present study was to assess and compare the incidence of acute respiratory infections (ari) in nursing home (nh) residents and staff, to identify viruses involved in ari and to correlate viral etiology with clinical manifestations of ari. | 2016 | 27814689 |
| chlorogenic compounds from coffee beans exert activity against respiratory viruses. | chlorogenic acids are secondary metabolites in diverse plants. some chlorogenic acids extracted from traditional medicinal plants are known for their healing properties, e.g., against viral infections. also, green coffee beans are a rich source of chlorogenic acids, with 5-o-caffeoylquinic acid being the most abundant chlorogenic acid in coffee. we previously reported the synthesis of the regioisomers of lactones, bearing different substituents on the quinidic core. here, 3,4-o-dicaffeoyl-1,5-γ- ... | 2017 | 27806409 |
| clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed respiratory syncytial virus infection in eastern china between 2009 and 2013: a retrospective study. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide in children aged <5 years and older adults with acute lower respiratory infections (alris). however, few studies regarding the epidemiology of hospitalizations for rsv infection have been performed previously in china. here, we aimed to describe the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed rsv infection in eastern china. active surveillance for hospitaliz ... | 2016 | 27802292 |
| prevalence and seasonal distribution of respiratory viruses during the 2014 - 2015 season in istanbul. | acute respiratory tract infection (arti) is one of the most common infections worldwide, causing significant morbidity and mortality. | 2016 | 27800148 |
| vaccination strategies against respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of us infant hospitalization. additionally, rsv is responsible for 10,000 deaths annually among the elderly across the united states, and accounts for nearly as many hospitalizations as influenza. currently, several rsv vaccine candidates are under development to target different age groups. to evaluate the potential effectiveness of age-specific vaccination strategies in averting rsv incidence, we developed a transmission model that int ... | 2016 | 27799521 |
| risk factors for virus-induced acute respiratory tract infections in children younger than 3 years and recurrent wheezing at 36 months follow-up after discharge. | we sought to know more about how 14 common respiratory viruses manifest clinically, and to identify risk factors for specific virus-induced acute respiratory tract infections (artis) in children younger than 3 years old and for wheezing at 36-month follow-up. | 2017 | 27798551 |
| similar to those who are breastfed, infants fed a formula containing 2'-fucosyllactose have lower inflammatory cytokines in a randomized controlled trial. | evidence suggests that human milk oligosaccharides (hmos) provide multiple benefits to infants, including prebiotic effects, gut maturation, antimicrobial activities, and immune modulation. clinical intervention studies with hmos are required to confirm these benefits in infants. | 2016 | 27798337 |
| respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: enter the microbiome. | 2016 | 27797613 | |
| serology enhances molecular diagnosis of respiratory virus infections other than influenza in children and adults hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. | both molecular and serological assays have been used previously to determine the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (cap). however, the extent to which these methods are correlated and the added diagnostic value of serology for respiratory viruses other than influenza virus have not been fully evaluated. using data from patients enrolled in the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) etiology of pneumonia in the community (epic) study, we compared real-time reverse transcription-p ... | 2017 | 27795341 |
| pulmonary air leak syndrome associated with traumatic nasopharyngeal suctioning. | we describe a healthy 7-month-old female infant who developed spontaneous pneumomediastinum (pm) and subcutaneous emphysema after traumatic nasopharyngeal suctioning (nps) while hospitalised for respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. to the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of pulmonary air leak syndrome associated with traumatic nps in a healthy infant affected by bronchiolitis. although nps is currently the mainstay of treatment in patients admitted with bronchiolitis ... | 2016 | 27793871 |
| novel expression of a functional trimeric fragment of human sp-a with efficacy in neutralisation of rsv. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of bronchiolitis and hospitalisation of infants in developed countries. surfactant protein a (sp-a) is an important innate immune molecule, localized in pulmonary surfactant. sp-a binds to carbohydrates on the surface of pathogens in a calcium-dependent manner to enable neutralisation, agglutination and clearance of pathogens including rsv. sp-a forms trimeric units and further oligomerises through interactions between its n-terminal domains ... | 2017 | 27793398 |
| structural basis for nonneutralizing antibody competition at antigenic site ii of the respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein. | palivizumab was the first antiviral monoclonal antibody (mab) approved for therapeutic use in humans, and remains a prophylactic treatment for infants at risk for severe disease because of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). palivizumab is an engineered humanized version of a murine mab targeting antigenic site ii of the rsv fusion (f) protein, a key target in vaccine development. there are limited reported naturally occurring human mabs to site ii; therefore, the structural basis for human antib ... | 2016 | 27791117 |
| rsv-specific anti-viral immunity is disrupted by chronic ethanol consumption. | alcohol-use disorders (aud) persist in the united states and are heavily associated with an increased susceptibility to respiratory viral infections. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in particular has received attention as a viral pathogen commonly detected in children and immune-compromised populations (elderly, asthmatics), yet more recently was recognized as an important viral pathogen in young adults. our study evaluated the exacerbation of rsv-associated illness in mice that chronically co ... | 2016 | 27788776 |
| identification of different respiratory viruses, after a cell culture step, by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms). | in this study matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms), a reliable identification method for the diagnosis of bacterial and fungal infections, is presented as an innovative tool to investigate the protein profile of cell cultures infected by the most common viruses causing respiratory tract infections in humans. maldi-tof ms was applied to the identification of influenza a and b viruses, adenovirus c species, parainfluenza virus types 1, 2 and 3 ... | 2016 | 27786297 |
| age-related effect of viral-induced wheezing in severe prematurity. | premature children are prone to severe viral respiratory infections in early life, but the age at which susceptibility peaks and disappears for each pathogen is unclear. methods: a retrospective analysis was performed of the age distribution and clinical features of acute viral respiratory infections in full-term and premature children, aged zero to seven years. results: the study comprised of a total of 630 hospitalizations (n = 580 children). sixty-seven percent of these hospitalizations occur ... | 2016 | 27775602 |
| respiratory viruses: influenza, rsv, and adenovirus in kidney transplantation. | although advances in immunosuppression and antimicrobial prophylaxis have led to improved patient and graft survival, respiratory viruses continue to be a common cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised populations. we describe the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment options for influenza, respiratory syncytial virus and adenovirus infection in the kidney transplant population. | 2016 | 27772626 |
| intranasal treatment with a novel immunomodulator mediates innate immune protection against lethal pneumonia virus of mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children. there are no licensed rsv vaccines available, and the few treatment options for high-risk individuals are either extremely costly or cause severe side effects and toxicity. immunomodulation mediated by a novel formulation consisting of the toll-like receptor 3 agonist poly(i:c), an innate defense regulator peptide and a polyphosphazene (p-i-p) was evaluated in the con ... | 2016 | 27771388 |
| the cost-effectiveness of palivizumab in infants with cystic fibrosis in the canadian setting: a decision analysis model. | children with cystic fibrosis (cf) are at higher risk of severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, which can lead to a decline in lung function. a monoclonal antibody, palivizumab (pmb), effectively prevents rsv hospitalizations; however, the high cost of pmb, approximately c$10,000 per patient per rsv season, limits its widespread use. we assess the cost-effectiveness of pmb prophylaxis in cf children less than 2 y of age from the canadian healthcare payer's perspective. | 2017 | 27768505 |
| baicalin from scutellaria baicalensis blocks respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and reduces inflammatory cell infiltration and lung injury in mice. | the roots of scutellaria baicalensis has been used as a remedy for inflammatory and infective diseases for thousands of years. we evaluated the antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, the leading cause of childhood infection and hospitalization. by fractionation and chromatographic analysis, we determined that baicalin was responsible for the antiviral activity of s. baicalensis against rsv infection. the concentration for 50% inhibition (ic50) of rsv infection wa ... | 2016 | 27767097 |
| inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus replication by simultaneous targeting of mrna and genomic rna using dual-targeting sirnas. | we attempted to generate sirnas with two active strands, which can simultaneously knock down the expression of mrna and viral genomic rna. in this study, short hairpin rnas (shrnas) against n and f genes were used. expression of f and n mrna transcripts as well as genomic rna was determined with relative real-time rt-pcr. the rsv load in infected cell culture supernatant was determined by absolute quantitative real-time pcr. we found that (i) in the presence of shrna-n, a greater reduction in vi ... | 2016 | 27766578 |
| epidemiology and clinical presentations of respiratory syncytial virus subgroups a and b detected with multiplex real-time pcr. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most important pathogenic infections of children and requires in-depth research worldwide, and especially in developing countries. we used a novel multiplex real-time pcr to test 5483 patients (≤ 14 years old) hospitalized with respiratory illness in guangzhou, china, over a 3-year period. of these patients, 729 were positive for rsv-a (51.2%, 373/729) or rsv-b (48.8%, 356/729), but none was infected with both viruses. two seasonal peaks in total r ... | 2016 | 27764220 |
| stability characterization of a vaccine antigen based on the respiratory syncytial virus fusion glycoprotein. | infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes both upper and lower respiratory tract disease in humans, leading to significant morbidity and mortality in both young children and older adults. currently, there is no licensed vaccine available, and therapeutic options are limited. during the infection process, the type i viral fusion (f) glycoprotein on the surface of the rsv particle rearranges from a metastable prefusion conformation to a highly stable postfusion form. in people natura ... | 2016 | 27764150 |
| burden of severe respiratory syncytial virus disease among 33-35 weeks' gestational age infants born during multiple respiratory syncytial virus seasons. | moderate-late preterm infants, 33-35 weeks' gestational age (wga), are at increased risk for respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization (rsvh). the objective of this study is to quantify the burden of rsvh in moderate-late preterm infants. | 2017 | 27755464 |
| etiology of acute respiratory infections in infants: a prospective birth cohort study. | there is paucity of studies on etiology of acute respiratory infections (ari) in infants. the objective of this study is to document incidence and etiology of ari in infants, their seasonal variability and association of clinical profile with etiology. | 2017 | 27753796 |
| comparing first- and second-year palivizumab prophylaxis in patients with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease in the caress database (2005-2015). | respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization (rsvh) rates in children less than <2 years of age with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease (hschd) are 2-4 fold higher compared with healthy term infants. pediatric recommendations differ as to whether palivizumab is beneficial beyond 1 year of age. the objective was to determine whether differences exist in respiratory-related illness hospitalization (rih) and rsvh in hschd infants receiving palivizumab during the first year versus s ... | 2016 | 27753795 |
| a structural and mathematical modeling analysis of the likelihood of antibody-dependent enhancement in influenza. | broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (bnabs) for viral infections, such as hiv, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and influenza, are increasingly entering clinical development. for influenza, most neutralizing antibodies target influenza virus hemagglutinin. these bnabs represent an emerging, promising modality for treatment and prophylaxis of influenza due to their multiple mechanisms of antiviral action and generally safe profile. preclinical work in other viral diseases, such as dengue ... | 2016 | 27751627 |
| respiratory syncytial virus vaccines: an update on those in the immediate pipeline. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is among the most common causes of lower respiratory tract infection among infants and the elderly worldwide. despite its long history, no licensed vaccine is available. recently, advances in the knowledge of rsv biology and pathology as well as the development of new techniques to generate vaccine candidates have increased the number of promising vaccines. the aim of this review is to analyze rsv characteristics, to consider the history of rsv vaccines and to d ... | 2016 | 27750448 |
| respiratory syncytial virus aggravates renal injury through cytokines and direct renal injury. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between renal injury and reinfection that is caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and to analyze the mechanism of renal injury. rats were repeatedly infected with rsv on days 4, 8, 14, and 28, then sacrificed and examined on day 56 after the primary infection. renal injury was examined by transmission electron microscopy and histopathology. the f protein of rsv was detected in the renal tissue by indirect immunofluorescence. pr ... | 2016 | 27747195 |
| ginseng, the natural effectual antiviral: protective effects of korean red ginseng against viral infection. | korean red ginseng (krg) is a heat-processed ginseng developed by the repeated steaming and air-drying of fresh ginseng. compared with fresh ginseng, krg has been shown to possess greater pharmacological activities and stability because of changes that occur in its chemical constituents during the steaming process. in addition to anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulatory activities, krg and its purified components have also been shown to possess protective effects against microbial in ... | 2016 | 27746682 |
| molecular evolution of respiratory syncytial virus subgroup a genotype na1 and on1 attachment glycoprotein (g) gene in central vietnam. | we performed molecular evolutionary analyses of the g gene c-terminal 3rd hypervariable region of rsv-a genotypes na1 and on1 strains from the paediatric acute respiratory infection patients in central vietnam during the 2010-2012 study period. time-scaled phylogenetic analyses were performed using bayesian markov chain monte carlo (mcmc) method, and pairwise distances (p-distances) were calculated. bayesian skyline plot (bsp) was constructed to analyze the time-trend relative genetic diversity ... | 2016 | 27746294 |
| respiratory syncytial virus a and b display different temporal patterns in a 4-year prospective cross-sectional study among children with acute respiratory infection in a tropical city. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most common etiological agents of childhood respiratory infections globally. information on seasonality of different antigenic groups is scarce. we aimed to describe the frequency, seasonality, and age of children infected by rsv antigenic groups a (rsva) and b (rsvb) among children with ari in a 4-year period.children (6-23 months old) with respiratory infection for ≤7 days were enrolled in a prospective cross-sectional study, from september, 2009 ... | 2016 | 27741144 |
| respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization and mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major public health burden worldwide. we aimed to review the current literature on the incidence and mortality of severe rsv in children globally. | 2017 | 27740723 |
| detection of airborne respiratory syncytial virus in a pediatric acute care clinic. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of respiratory illness in infants and young children, but this virus is also capable of re-infecting adults throughout life. universal precautions to prevent its transmission consist of gown and glove use, but masks and goggles are not routinely required because it is believed that rsv is unlikely to be transmitted by the airborne route. our hypothesis was that rsv is present in respirable-size particles aerosolized by patients seen in a ... | 2017 | 27740722 |
| the outpatient burden of respiratory syncytial virus infections in older children. | 2017 | 27738053 | |
| clinical and socioeconomic burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children. | vaccines and antivirals against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are being developed, but there are scarce data on the full impact of rsv infection on outpatient children. | 2017 | 27738052 |
| maternal vitamin d supplementation during pregnancy and lactation to prevent acute respiratory infections in infancy in dhaka, bangladesh (mdari trial): protocol for a prospective cohort study nested within a randomized controlled trial. | early infancy is a high-risk period for severe acute respiratory infection (ari), particularly in low-income countries with resource-limited health systems. lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) is commonly preceded by upper respiratory infection (urti), and often caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), influenza and other common community-acquired viral pathogens. vitamin d status is a candidate modifiable early-life determinant of the host antiviral immune response and thus may influen ... | 2016 | 27737646 |
| respiratory rna viruses. | acute upper and lower respiratory infections are a major public health problem and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. at greatest risk are young children, the elderly, the chronically ill, and those with suppressed or compromised immune systems. viruses are the predominant cause of respiratory tract illnesses and include rna viruses such as respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, metapneumovirus, rhinovirus, and coronavirus. laboratory testing is req ... | 2016 | 27726802 |
| prevalence and risk factors of respiratory viral infections in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. | exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) lead to high morbidity and mortality. respiratory virus infection is considered as one of the important causes of copd exacerbations. the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of respiratory virus infection in copd exacerbations and to find the factors associated with susceptibility to viral infections. furthermore, we tried to examine if copd exacerbations caused by viral infections have more severe clinical outcomes in comp ... | 2016 | 27725531 |
| human metapneumovirus impairs apoptosis of nasal epithelial cells in asthma via hsp70. | asthmatics are highly susceptible to respiratory viral infections, possibly due to impaired innate immunity. however, the exact mechanisms of susceptibility are likely to differ amongst viruses. therefore, we infected primary nasal epithelial cells (necs) from adults with mild-to-moderate asthma, with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) or human metapneumovirus (hmpv) in vitro and investigated the antiviral response. necs from these asthmatics supported elevated hmpv but not rsv infection, compare ... | 2017 | 27723652 |
| a four year seasonal survey of the relationship between outdoor climate and epidemiology of viral respiratory tract infections in a temperate climate. | the relation between weather conditions, viral transmission and seasonal activity of respiratory viruses is not fully understood. | 2016 | 27723525 |
| retrospective multicenter study of respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis in korean children with congenital heart diseases. | we conducted a review of current data on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prophylaxis with palivizumab, in korean children with congenital heart diseases (chd). in 2009, the korean guideline for rsv prophylaxis had established up to five shots monthly per rsv season, only for children <1 year of age with hemodynamic significance chd (hs-chd). | 2016 | 27721865 |
| a single intranasal immunization with a subunit vaccine formulation induces higher mucosal iga production than live respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes serious respiratory illness in infants and elderly. rsv infection induces short-lived immunity, which leaves people prone to re-infection. in contrast, the rsv fusion (f) protein formulated with a novel adjuvant (∆f/triadj) elicits long term protective immunity. a comparison of rsv-immunized mice to mice vaccinated with a single dose of ∆f/triadj showed no difference in igg1 and igg2a production; however, local iga secreting memory b cell development and ... | 2016 | 27721128 |
| non-invasive epicutaneous vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus: preclinical proof of concept. | to put a respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine onto the market, new vaccination strategies combining scientific and technical innovations need to be explored. such a vaccine would also need to be adapted to the vaccination of young children that are the principal victims of acute rsv infection. in the present project, we describe the development and the preclinical evaluation of an original epicutaneous rsv vaccine that combines two technologies: viaskin® epicutaneous patches as a delivery p ... | 2016 | 27720994 |
| bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine coronavirus antibodies in bulk tank milk - risk factors and spatial analysis. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and bovine coronavirus (bcov) are considered widespread among cattle in norway and worldwide. this cross-sectional study was conducted based on antibody-elisa of bulk tank milk (btm) from 1347 herds in two neighboring counties in western norway. the study aims were to determine the seroprevalence at herd level, to evaluate risk factors for brsv and bcov seropositivity, and to assess how these factors were associated with the spatial distribution of posit ... | 2016 | 27720029 |
| antiviral activity of the "virus blocking factor" (vbf) derived i.a. from pelargonium extract and sambucus juice against different human-pathogenic cold viruses in vitro. | the in-vitro antiviral activity of the "virus blocking factor" (vbf), a combination of pelargonium extract and sambucus juice with addition of betaglucan 1,3 / 1,6, zincum gluconium, acidum ascorbicum, was studied against human pathogenic viruses: influenza a h1n1 (flua h1n1), rhinovirus b subtype 14 (hrv14), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenzavirus subtype 3 (para 3), and adenovirus c subtype 5 (adeno 5). | 2017 | 27717933 |
| retrospective parameter estimation and forecast of respiratory syncytial virus in the united states. | recent studies have shown that systems combining mathematical modeling and bayesian inference methods can be used to generate real-time forecasts of future infectious disease incidence. here we develop such a system to study and forecast respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). rsv is the most common cause of acute lower respiratory infection and bronchiolitis. advanced warning of the epidemic timing and volume of rsv patient surges has the potential to reduce well-documented delays of treatment in em ... | 2016 | 27716828 |
| circulation of respiratory syncytial virus in morocco during 2014-2016: findings from a sentinel-based virological surveillance system for influenza. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in young infants, little was known on its circulation types and patterns in morocco. we conducted a prospective study using sentinel-based influenza surveillance to detect rsv by real time pcr in patients with acute respiratory infections, enrolled during two seasons (2014/15, 2015/16). during september 2014-april 2016, we obtained 1450 specimens, of which 267(18.4%) tested positive for rsv. the proportion of positiv ... | 2016 | 27714743 |
| characteristics of severe acute respiratory infectionassociated hospitalization in yemen, 2014/15. | this study aims to describe etiological agents, demographic details of patients, seasonality and underlying conditions among patients hospitalized due to viral severe acute respiratory infection (sari) in yemen. we carried out a retrospective descriptive analysis of data from january 2014 to december 2015. nasopharyngeal swabs were taken from each patient for laboratory testing. a total of 1346 diagnostic specimens were tested, of which 733 (54%) were positive for influenza viruses. influenza a( ... | 2016 | 27714737 |
| is the role of rhinoviruses as causative agents of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia over-estimated? | the role that rhinoviruses, enteroviruses, parainfluenza viruses, coronaviruses and human bocavirus play in pediatric pneumonia is insufficiently studied. we used polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to study 9 virus groups, including 16 different viruses or viral strains, in 56 ambulatory children with radiologically confirmed community-acquired pneumonia (cap). the same tests were carried out on 474 apparently healthy control children of the same age and sex. the mean age of children with cap was 6 ... | 2016 | 27714467 |
| bronchiolitis. | in england last year, nearly 40,000 babies and young children with bronchiolitis were admitted to hospital. this infection is usually caused by the respiratory syncytial virus, and in most cases symptoms are mild and last only a few days. however, a quality standard published in the summer by the national institute for health and care excellence (nice) states that admissions for bronchiolitis are rising. nice quality standards describe high-priority areas for improvement in a defined field of ca ... | 2016 | 27712322 |
| epidemiology, clinical characteristics, laboratory findings and severity of respiratory syncytial virus acute lower respiratory infection in malaysian children, 2008-2013. | the aim of this study is to describe epidemiology, clinical features, laboratory data and severity of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) acute lower respiratory infection (alri) in malaysian children and to determine risk factors associated with prolonged hospital stay, paediatric intensive care unit (picu) admission and mortality. | 2017 | 27704652 |
| insurance status and the risk of severe respiratory syncytial virus disease in united states preterm infants born at 32-35 weeks gestational age. | background. database studies have identified that public health insurance status is associated with an increased risk of severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease in us infants. however, these studies did not adjust for the presence of other risk factors and did not evaluate the risk in preterm infants. methods. in this study, we evaluate the independent association between public insurance and severe rsv disease outcomes adjusting for other risk factors. the prospective, observational ... | 2016 | 27704018 |
| viral inhibition of bacterial phagocytosis by human macrophages: redundant role of cd36. | macrophages are essential to maintaining lung homoeostasis and recent work has demonstrated that influenza-infected lung macrophages downregulate their expression of the scavenger receptor cd36. this receptor has also been shown to be involved in phagocytosis of streptococcus pneumoniae, a primary agent associated with pneumonia secondary to viral infection. the aim of this study was to investigate the role of cd36 in the effects of viral infection on macrophage phagocytic function. human monocy ... | 2016 | 27701435 |
| respiratory and enteric virus detection in children. | the majority of children with febrile seizures have viral infections and viruses were detected in 22% to 63% of children in published studies. using molecular methods, viruses were also detected in asymptomatic persons. a prospective study was conducted to detect respiratory and enteric viruses in 192 children with febrile seizures and compare the detection rates to those found in 156 healthy age-matched controls. a respiratory or enteric virus was detected in 72.9% of children with febrile seiz ... | 2017 | 27698149 |
| genetic variability of respiratory syncytial virus a in hospitalized children in the last five consecutive winter seasons in central spain. | human respiratory syncytial virus group a (rsv-a) was detected in symptomatic hospital attended children in central spain for a continuous time period, september 2010 to april 2015. in order to accurately describe the epidemiology of this virus, the genetic diversity of the complete g gene and the clinical manifestations observed were jointly analyzed. out of 3,011 respiratory specimens taken from 2,308 children, 640 were positive to rsv (21.3%) and 405 were rsv-a (63.2%). complete g gene sequen ... | 2017 | 27696460 |
| dexamethasone treatment differentially alters viral shedding and the antibody and acute phase protein response after multivalent respiratory vaccination in beef steers. | our objective was to examine immunosuppression induced by dexamethasone (dex) administration in cattle on immunological responses to a multivalent respiratory vaccine containing replicating and nonreplicating agents. steers ( = 32; 209 ± 8 kg) seronegative to infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibrv), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), and parainfluenza-3 virus (pi3v) were stratified by bw and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: 1) acute immun ... | 2016 | 27695816 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-infected mesenchymal stem cells regulate immunity via interferon beta and indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been reported to infect human mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) but the consequences are poorly understood. mscs are present in nearly every organ including the nasal mucosa and the lung and play a role in regulating immune responses and mediating tissue repair. we sought to determine whether rsv infection of mscs enhances their immune regulatory functions and contributes to rsv-associated lung disease. rsv was shown to replicate in human mscs by fluorescence mi ... | 2016 | 27695127 |
| vaccines against respiratory syncytial virus: the time has come. | 2017 | 27694634 | |
| a randomized, controlled, observer-blinded phase 1 study of the safety and immunogenicity of a respiratory syncytial virus vaccine with or without alum adjuvant. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of childhood bronchiolitis and pneumonia, particularly in early infancy. immunization of pregnant women could boost preexisting immune responses, providing passive protection to newborns through placental transfer of anti-rsv antibody. | 2017 | 27694633 |
| development and clinical applications of novel antibodies for prevention and treatment of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and young children, immunocompromised patients and the elderly. despite the high disease burden, an effective and safe vaccine is lacking, although several candidates are currently in development. current treatment for rsv infection remains largely supportive and rsv-specific options for prophylaxis are limited to palivizumab. in the past few years, novel therapeutic options including nanobodies, ... | 2017 | 27692523 |
| structural, antigenic and immunogenic features of respiratory syncytial virus glycoproteins relevant for vaccine development. | extraordinary progress in the structure and immunobiology of the human respiratory syncytial virus glycoproteins has been accomplished during the last few years. determination of the fusion (f) glycoprotein structure folded in either the prefusion or the postfusion conformation was an inspiring breakthrough not only to understand the structural changes associated with the membrane fusion process but additionally to appreciate the antigenic intricacies of the f protein. furthermore, these develop ... | 2017 | 27692522 |
| the presence of fever in adults with influenza and other viral respiratory infections. | we compared the rates of fever in adult subjects with laboratory-confirmed influenza and other respiratory viruses and examined the factors that predict fever in adults. symptom data on 158 healthcare workers (hcws) with a laboratory-confirmed respiratory virus infection were collected using standardized data collection forms from three separate studies. overall, the rate of fever in confirmed viral respiratory infections in adult hcws was 23·4% (37/158). rates varied by virus: human rhinovirus ... | 2017 | 27691995 |
| potential cost-effectiveness of rsv vaccination of infants and pregnant women in turkey: an illustration based on bursa data. | worldwide, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is considered to be the most important viral cause of respiratory morbidity and mortality among infants and young children. although no active vaccine is available on the market yet, there are several active vaccine development programs in various stages. to assess whether one of these vaccines might be a future asset for national immunization programs, modeling the costs and benefits of various vaccination strategies is needed. | 2017 | 27689356 |
| application of traditional chinese medical herbs in prevention and treatment of respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common viral pathogen of the lower respiratory tract, which, in the absence of effective management, causes millions of cases of severe illness per year. many of these infections develop into fatal pneumonia. in a review of english and chinese medical literature, recent traditional chinese medical herb- (tcmh-) based progress in the area of prevention and treatment was identified, and the potential anti-rsv compounds, herbs, and formulas were explored. trad ... | 2016 | 27688789 |
| immunogenicity of rsv f dna vaccine in balb/c mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe acute lower respiratory tract disease leading to numerous hospitalizations and deaths among the infant and elderly populations worldwide. there is no vaccine or a less effective drug available against rsv infections. natural rsv infection stimulates the th1 immune response and activates the production of neutralizing antibodies, while earlier vaccine trials that used uv-inactivated rsv exacerbated the disease due to the activation of the allergic t ... | 2016 | 27688769 |
| dna vaccine encoding central conserved region of g protein induces th1 predominant immune response and protection from rsv infection in mice. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) can cause serious infection in the lower respiratory tract, especially in infants, young children, the elderly and the immunocompromised population worldwide. previous study demonstrated the polypeptide (amino acids 148-198) of rsv attachment (g) glycoprotein, corresponding to the central conserved region and encompassing cx3c chemokine motif, could induce antibodies and protection from rsv challenge in mice [1,2]. in this study, we evaluated the immune ef ... | 2016 | 27688078 |
| the innate immune response to rsv: advances in our understanding of critical viral and host factors. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes mild to severe respiratory illness in humans and is a major cause of hospitalizations of infants and the elderly. both the innate and the adaptive immune responses contribute to the control of rsv infection, but despite successful viral clearance, protective immunity against rsv re-infection is usually suboptimal and infections recur. poor understanding of the mechanisms limiting the induction of long-lasting immunity has delayed the development of an eff ... | 2017 | 27686836 |