Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| monoclonal-antibody-mediated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of reticuloendotheliosis viruses. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) is described for the detection of reticuloendotheliosis viruses (revs). the assay uses a mixture of monoclonal antibodies (mcas) prepared against a 62-kilodalton rev envelope glycoprotein (gp62) to capture antigen, rabbit anti-rev serum as detection antibody, and peroxidase-conjugated anti-rabbit igg as indicator antibody. the mcas were reactive with rev strain t, chick syncytial virus, and duck infectious anemia virus but unreactive against marek's d ... | 1988 | 2838016 |
| serine phosphorylation of the v-rel oncogene product/pp40 complex. | the transforming protein encoded by the v-rel oncogene of reticuloendotheliosis virus has been purified from rev-t transformed lymphoid cells by sequential deae-sepharose and immunoaffinity chromatography. the purified preparation consisted of pp59v-rel and the 40 kda cellular protein which is complexed with the v-rel oncogene product in transformed cells as well as some minor proteins. incubation of this purified preparation in the presence of mg2+ and (gamma-32p)atp resulted in phosphorylation ... | 1988 | 2833896 |
| an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to avian reticuloendotheliosis virus using whole cell antigen. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using reticuloendotheliosis virus-infected chick embryo fibroblasts as coating antigen is described for the detection of antibodies to reticuloendotheliosis virus in chicken sera. the elisa was specific and during the early stages of infection more sensitive than an indirect fluorescent antibody test. | 1987 | 2832914 |
| transforming viruses spontaneously arise from nontransforming reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t-derived viruses as a result of increased accumulation of spliced viral rna. | the highly oncogenic avian retrovirus reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t (rev-t) contains a substitution of the oncogene v-rel for much of env and a deletion of gag and pol relative to the helper virus rev-a. replacement of gag and pol sequences in rev-t suppresses transformation by reducing the accumulation of spliced viral mrna and v-rel protein in infected cells (c. k. miller and h. m. temin, j. virol 58:75-80, 1986). after infection of spleen cells with viruses containing gag and pol seque ... | 1988 | 2831382 |
| expression of the v-rel oncogene in reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed fibroblasts. | reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t) induces a rapidly fatal lymphoma in chickens through the expression of its oncogene, v-rel, rev-t also morphologically transforms avian fibroblasts in vitro. these transformed cells displayed limited anchorage-independent growth and reached higher saturation density than uninfected or rev-a-infected fibroblasts. morphologically transformed fibroblasts were tumorigenic when injected into the wing web of chickens. in transformed fibroblasts, the v-rel oncogene w ... | 1988 | 2829425 |
| rearrangements of chicken immunoglobulin genes in lymphoid cells transformed by the avian retroviral oncogene v-rel. | the retroviral oncogene v-rel transforms poorly characterized lymphoid cells. we have explored the nature of these cells by analyzing the configuration and expression of immunoglobulin genes in chicken hemopoietic cells transformed by v-rel. none of the transformed cells expressed their immunoglobulin genes. the cells fell into three classes: class i cells have their immunoglobulin genes potentially in an embryonic configuration; class ii and class iii cells have lost one copy of the lambda ligh ... | 1988 | 2829193 |
| v-rel oncoproteins in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm transform chicken spleen cells. | the transforming protein encoded by the v-rel oncogene of the highly oncogenic avian retrovirus reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t (rev-t) is a 59,000-dalton protein, p59v-rel. the mechanism by which p59v-rel induces transformation of early lymphoid cells is unknown. as a step towards understanding the mechanism of v-rel-induced transformation, we sought to establish the subcellular site of action of p59v-rel. in this report, we show that p59v-rel contains sequences that are necessary for its ... | 1988 | 2828665 |
| transformation of avian lymphoid cells by reticuloendotheliosis virus. | avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t) is the most virulent of all retroviruses, inducing an invariably fatal leukemia in chickens with a latent period of 7-10 days. unlike avian cells transformed by other acutely transforming viruses, lymphoid cells transformed by rev-t are immortalized. furthermore, in vitro derived, rev-t transformed cells which do not produce virus are tumorigenic and induce lethal reticuloendotheliosis when injected into histocompatible birds. thus rev-t transforms its t ... | 1988 | 2827014 |
| a nonimmunosuppressive helper virus allows high efficiency induction of b cell lymphomas by reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t. | we have documented the effect of two nondefective helper viruses, reticuloendotheliosis virus a (rev-a) and chick syncytial virus (csv) infection on bursal tissue. rev-a infection results in bursal atrophy, destroying both its structural and functional integrity. in contrast, the bursae in csv-infected chicks, while reduced slightly in size, appear both structurally and functionally normal. rev-a-induced bursal atrophy is not a result of viral replication in the b-lymphocyte as (a) both viruses ... | 1988 | 2826639 |
| demonstration of precipitating antibodies to reticuloendotheliosis virus in egg yolk. | 1987 | 2825629 | |
| clinical effects, virological and serological responses in chickens following in-ovo inoculation of reticuloendotheliosis virus. | six-day-old embryonated specific pathogen free chicken eggs were inoculated with reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) into the yolk sac and were incubated until they hatched. the hatchability of eggs inoculated with rev was significantly less (p less than 0.025) than that of media-inoculated controls. although there were no significant differences in the body weights of these chickens at hatching, there were differences (p less than 0.001) at 6, 25 and 51 days of age between the infected and contro ... | 1987 | 2825400 |
| sequence instability in the long terminal repeats of avian spleen necrosis virus and reticuloendotheliosis virus. | sequence divergence between the 3' long terminal repeats (ltr) of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), deletion variant proviral clone 2-20-4, and spleen necrosis virus (snv)-proviral clones 14-44, 60, and 70-was found to involve two classes of base substitutions: low-frequency interspersed and high-frequency clustered substitutions. clones 2-20-4 and 14-44 have diverged 4.4% owing to low-frequency substitutions. in contrast, two high-frequency substitution segments have diverged by 30% and ... | 1987 | 2822937 |
| the transforming protein of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus is a soluble cytoplasmic protein which is associated with a protein kinase activity. | we have identified the product (p57v-rel) of the transforming gene, v-rel, of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t) using antisera generated against nonoverlapping sequences representing the middle and carboxy-terminal regions of the v-rel protein expressed in escherichia coli (n.k. herzog and h.r. bose, jr., 1986, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 83, 812-816). the amino-terminal region of the v-rel protein was also expressed in e. coli and used to generate antisera. the immunoglobulin-enriched fr ... | 1987 | 2821682 |
| chicken transferrin receptor expression during erythroid differentiation and by retrovirus transformed cells. | antiserum prepared against sucrose gradient purified reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) recognized the chicken transferrin receptor. molecules immunoprecipitated from red blood cells (rbc) obtained from embryonic chickens with either the anti-rev reagent or a chicken transferrin immunomatrix were demonstrated to be identical by co-migration in both reducing and nonreducing sds-polyacrylamide gels and in two-dimensional isoelectric focusing analyses, reciprocal immunodepletion analyses and by pept ... | 1989 | 2792501 |
| expression of the c-rel and c-myc proto-oncogenes in avian tissues. | reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t) transforms very immature avian lymphoid cells and induces a rapidly fatal lymphoma. the viral oncogene, v-rel, encodes a 59 kda phosphoprotein which is complexed with cellular proteins in the cytosol of rev-t transformed lymphoid cell lines. the proto-oncogene, c-rel, has been highly conserved among both vertebrate and invertebrate species. the expression of both the c-rel and c-myc protoncogenes was characterized during avian development. two distinct rel-rel ... | 1989 | 2666905 |
| modulation of immune suppression and enhanced tumorigenesis in retrovirus tumor challenged chickens treated with vitamin e. | vitamin e(dl-alpha-tocopherol) dissolved in ethanol with polyethylene glycol as the vehicle and administered by intraperitoneal injections of 0.1 mg/gm body weight at two day intervals, was demonstrated to be a potent immunomodulating reagent in young chickens challenged with avian reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed tumor cells. vitamin e treatment enhanced the mitogen-induced proliferative responses of spleen cells from age matched, unchallenged chickens; reduced the tumor cell-induced sup ... | 1989 | 2562427 |
| rearrangement and diversification of immunoglobulin light-chain genes in lymphoid cells transformed by reticuloendotheliosis virus. | avian lymphoid cells transformed by reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t) serve as a model to analyze the mechanism by which b-cell differentiation and antibody diversification occur in birds. immunoglobulin light-chain gene rearrangements, diversification, and expression were analyzed in 72 independently derived rev-t-transformed cell lines. lymphoid cells transformed as the result of expression of the v-rel oncogene were divided into two distinct groups based on light-chain gene rearrangements. ... | 1989 | 2557545 |
| transactivation of gene expression by nuclear and cytoplasmic rel proteins. | transcriptional activation of gene expression by oncogenic proteins can lead to cellular transformation. it has recently been demonstrated that the protein encoded by the v-rel oncogene from reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t can transactivate gene expression from certain promoters in a cell-specific manner. we have examined the cytological location, transforming properties, and transactivation properties of proteins encoded by chimeric turkey v-rel/chicken c-rel genes. we found that whereas t ... | 1989 | 2555689 |
| expression of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus envelope confers host resistance. | we constructed two reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) envelope gene expression plasmids, one containing the rev-a envelope gene, the other the spleen necrosis virus (snv) envelope gene. cell lines were generated by transfecting each of the rev envelope plasmids into d17 cells, a canine cell line. the levels of rev envelope glycoprotein in the cell lines were assayed by immunoprecipitating the envelope glycoproteins from lysates of cells that were labeled with [35s]methionine. virological challeng ... | 1989 | 2554569 |
| vertical transmission of reticuloendotheliosis virus in breeder turkeys. | epizootiological studies were conducted on a commercial turkey breeder flock naturally infected with nondefective reticuloendotheliosis (re) virus. although re virus was isolated from 27 (46%) of the 59 hens studied, only 4 of the 45 hens tested transmitted re virus to progeny during a 6-week observation period and the overall transmission rate was 1.8%. the transmitter hens were of two types: three hens were consistently viremic and antigenemic and lacked antibody; one hen was viremic but lacke ... | 1989 | 2546528 |
| viral rel and cellular rel associate with cellular proteins in transformed and normal cells. | the rel oncogene from the avian reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t is a 59 kd phosphoprotein localized primarily to the cytoplasm of transformed cells. recently, the v-rel protein was shown to associate with several cellular proteins with molecular weights of 124 kd, 115 kd, and 36 kd. we have analysed the subcellular distribution of v-rel protein complexes after biochemical fractionation of [35s]methionine and [32p]orthophosphate labeled cells. our results demonstrate that the v-rel protein c ... | 1989 | 2543940 |
| transient expression analysis of the reticuloendotheliosis virus long terminal repeat element. | a region of the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) long terminal repeat (ltr) harbouring single or duplicated copies of 46-bp and 26-bp sequence elements is implicated in enhancer activity. sequences residing upstream from the proviral 3' ltr did not contribute to activity of the intact ltr. gene expression regulated by a combination of rev enhancer and sv40 early region promoter was 50-fold less than from the analogous construct containing the chicken syncytial virus promoter. deletion of ltr se ... | 1989 | 2542893 |
| replication-defective vectors of reticuloendotheliosis virus transduce exogenous genes into somatic stem cells of the unincubated chicken embryo. | replication-defective vectors derived from reticuloendotheliosis virus were used to transduce exogenous genes into early somatic stem cells of the chicken embryo. one of these vectors transduced and expressed the chicken growth hormone coding sequence. the helper cell line, c3, was used to generate stocks of vector containing about 10(4) transducing units per ml. injection of 5- to 20-microliters volumes of vector directly beneath the blastoderm of unincubated chicken embryos led to infection of ... | 1989 | 2542581 |
| histomoniasis and reticuloendotheliosis in a wild turkey (meleagris gallopavo) in north carolina. | a moribund wild turkey (meleagris gallopavo) died shortly after it was discovered in martin county, north carolina (usa). the 4.3-kg female turkey appeared in good condition with no visible external lesions or evidence of injury. there were 2- to 5-mm yellow-white plaques on the mucosal surfaces of the oral cavity and mid-esophagus. the liver had large, multifocal, irregular pale areas on cut and uncut surfaces. the spleen contained multifocal, pale, hard, nodules. microscopic changes in the liv ... | 1989 | 2541262 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of ic10, a retrovirus containing the rmil oncogene transduced in chicken neuroretina cells infected with avian retrovirus rav-1. | 1989 | 2537952 | |
| germline transmission of exogenous genes in the chicken. | difficulties associated with in vitro manipulation and culture of the early chicken embryo have restricted generation of transgenic chickens to approaches that use replication-competent retroviruses. the need to produce transgenic chickens in the absence of replicating virus prompted development of a new method of gene transfer into the chicken. microinjection of the replication-defective reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) vector me111 beneath unincubated chicken embryo blastoderms results in inf ... | 1989 | 2536194 |
| role of reticuloendotheliosis virus envelope glycoprotein in superinfection interference. | cells expressing specific proviruses are resistant to superinfection by viruses of the same subgroup. to investigate the role of the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) envelope glycoprotein (env-gp) in the establishment of resistance to superinfection, we constructed plasmids that express either the wild-type env-gp or an env-gp derivative that lacks part of the transmembrane (tm) protein. after transfection, transient expression of the wild-type env gene resulted in syncytium formation in a mamm ... | 1989 | 2535733 |
| cytotoxic t lymphocytes in reticuloendotheliosis virus-infected chickens. | cytotoxic t lymphocytes were functionally demonstrated in spleen cells from chickens 7 days post inoculation with reticuloendotheliosis virus using a cr-release assay. major histocompatibility complex (mhc)-restricted cytotoxicity was demonstrated using effector and target cells from two different strains of chickens of known avian mhc haplotype. anti-viral specificity was shown and in vivo generation of mhc-restricted cytotoxicity was evaluated. cytotoxic t cells were distinguished from macroph ... | 1989 | 2467812 |
| acquisition of new proviral copies in avian lymphoid cells transformed by reticuloendotheliosis virus. | the expression of the v-rel oncogene of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t) transforms and immortalizes very immature avian lymphoid cells. in rev-t-transformed lymphoid cells which were persistently infected with reticuloendotheliosis-associated virus (rev-a), the rev-t proviral copy number increases after the initial integration event. in 23 independently derived rev-t-transformed cell lines, 15 of the 18 virus-producing cell lines had acquired additional proviruses. the rate at which th ... | 1989 | 2464702 |
| site-directed cytotoxic antibody against the c-terminal segment of the surface glycoprotein gp90 of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus. | the major mature env-gene products of avian reticuloendotheliosis-associated virus (rev-a) are the surface glycoprotein (gp90) and the transmembrane protein (gp20). we have previously reported that gp90 was detected in the rev-a virus by western blot analysis as well as in the rev-a-infected cells by radioimmunoprecipitation with antibodies raised in rabbits against the gp90 c-terminal tridecapeptide which was predicted from the nucleotide sequence (wilhemsen et al., j. virol., 52, 172, 1984). w ... | 1988 | 2459845 |
| transcription from a spleen necrosis virus 5' long terminal repeat is suppressed in mouse cells. | to determine the block(s) to spleen necrosis virus (snv) replication in mouse cells, we studied the expression of a dominant selectable marker, neo, or a gene whose product is easily assayed, the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene, in snv-derived and murine leukemia virus-derived vectors. using transient (cat) and stable (neor phenotype) transfection assays, we showed that the snv promoter was used in mouse cells only when the 3' snv long terminal repeat (ltr) was absent. infection of ... | 1987 | 2444716 |
| generation of competent virus in the rev helper cell line c3. | we have studied the generation of replication-competent virus in cultures of the helper cell line c3, which harbors a packaging-defective provirus derived from reticuloendotheliosis virus. we transfected the c3 line with a defective provirus encoding the chicken growth hormone gene and carrying the hsv-1 tk gene. the appearance of competent virus was assayed by infection of spafas c/e cef, monitoring reverse transcriptase activity, and rescue of the tktu assayed on brltk- cells. our results indi ... | 1987 | 2441523 |
| detection of c-rel-related transcripts in mouse hematopoietic tissues, fractionated lymphocyte populations, and cell lines. | a portion of the human cellular homolog of v-rel, the transforming gene of the leukemogenic retrovirus reticuloendotheliosis virus, strain t, was used to survey rnas from several mouse tissues, selected lymphocyte populations, and hematopoietic cell lines for c-rel expression. relatively high levels of a high-molecular-weight transcript were observed in peripheral b and t cells, whereas lower levels were detectable in functionally immature thymocytes. these results suggested that, unlike c-myb a ... | 1987 | 2436042 |
| sequence relationships of type d retroviruses which cause simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (saids) in macaque monkeys is caused by type d retroviruses; three independent virus isolates are identified as srv-1 (saids retrovirus-serotype 1), srv-2, and mpmv (mason-pfizer monkey virus). virions from these three isolates have serologically related core antigens, but distinct surface proteins. also, srv-2 is unique since it apparently induces retroperitoneal fibromatosis in addition to saids. the complete dna sequence of molecularly cloned srv-2 is ... | 1987 | 2435057 |
| monoclonal antibodies against avian reticuloendotheliosis virus: identification of strain-specific and strain-common epitopes. | we report the generation and partial characterization of a panel of 11 monoclonal antibodies (mca) made against the nondefective strain t reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev). in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), nine mca cross-reacted with both homologous strain t and heterologous strain chick syncytial virus (cs), whereas two mca were strain specific and reacted with strain t but not with cs. competitive antibody inhibitory elisa tests demonstrated that the nine mca recognized at leas ... | 1986 | 2422277 |
| mhc-restricted cytotoxic response of chicken t cells: expression, augmentation, and clonal characterization. | major histocompatibility complex (mhc)-restricted cytotoxicity of chicken lymphocytes was studied by using three reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev)-transformed cell lines as targets in 51cr-release assays. the cell lines, designated recc-ug5, recc-ug6, and recc-ug8, were developed from bone marrow cells of rev-infected line g-b1, line g-b2, and (g-b1 x g-b2)f1 chickens respectively. effector cells were obtained from spleens of g-b1, g-b2, f1, and f2 chickens 7 days after inoculation of rev. the i ... | 1986 | 2415611 |
| growth-inhibitory effects of vitamin e succinate on retrovirus-transformed tumor cells in vitro. | vitamin e succinate inhibited proliferation of c4#1 cells, an established avian retrovirus [reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev)]-transformed immature lymphoid tumor cell line, in a dose-dependent manner. the cytostatic effects of vitamin e succinate were reversible in that treated cells regained their ability to divide after vitamin e succinate removal. possible mechanism(s) for the antiproliferative actions of vitamin e succinate were investigated. analyses of c4#1 cell surface membrane antigen p ... | 1990 | 2367234 |
| vectors and genes for improvement of animal strains. | strain improvement of agriculturally important animals will require efficient techniques for gene delivery, the ability to regulate the expression of the newly introduced genes and, most important, the identification of genes whose appropriate expression could cause improvement of the animal. we have developed a series of avian retroviral vectors that can be used to introduce new genetic information into the germ line of chickens, for which transgenics cannot be created by direct microinjection ... | 1990 | 2213714 |
| mutational analysis of v-rel, the oncogene of reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t. | reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t (rev-t) is a highly oncogenic retrovirus that induces a lethal lymphoma in young galliform birds and also transforms and immortalizes avian lymphoid cells in vitro. rev-t presumably arose when a reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) incorporated a portion of the turkey c-rel gene into its genome, forming the v-rel oncogene. the predicted v-rel protein (p59v-rel) has 14 amino acid substitutions and 3 amino acid deletions relative to the predicted turkey c-rel prot ... | 1990 | 2189101 |
| the n-terminal env-derived amino acids of v-rel are required for full transforming activity. | expression of the v-rel oncogene of the reticuloendotheliosis virus, strain t (rev-t), can mediate the transformation of chicken spleen and bone marrow cells. although the majority of the coding sequence of the v-rel oncogene is derived from the cellular rel sequence, the n- and c-terminal amino acids are coded for by remnants of the rev env gene. the resulting v-rel protein can be described as an env-rel-(out of frame env) fusion protein. terminal deletion mutants were constructed to determine ... | 1990 | 2162102 |
| [transgenic chickens]. | transgenic mice are produced by retroviral insertion, micro-injection in the early embryo, and recently by transfection of embryonic stem cells. transgenic chickens were only made by retroviral vectors based on avian leukemia virus (alv) and reticuloendotheliosis (rev) genomes. a replication-defective retroviral vector is preferentially used because these do not induce infectious virus. since chickens are lacking endogenous rev sequences, a replication defective rev vector is most useful for pra ... | 1990 | 2161568 |
| reduced duck hepatitis b virus viraemia in ducklings coinfected with the immunodepressive reticuloendotheliosis virus. | coinfection of avian hosts by duck hepatitis b virus (dhbv) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) was studied to assess the effect of immunodepression by rev on the replication of dhbv. one-day-old ducklings, domestic chickens, and turkey poults were inoculated either with dhbv or dhbv and rev and were bled and weighed at regular intervals. dhbv infection as manifested by viraemia and dhbv dna in liver was established only in ducklings. all chickens and turkeys were negative for dhbv dna in seru ... | 1990 | 2160513 |
| the v-rel oncogene product is complexed with cellular proteins including its proto-oncogene product and heat shock protein 70. | the oncogene product, pp59v-rel, of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t) is complexed in the cytosol of rev-t transformed lymphoid cells with cellular proteins. monoclonal antibodies and antisera directed against different regions of pp59v-rel coimmunoprecipitate five cellular proteins (p124, p115, p75, p70, and p40) in addition to pp59v-rel. cellular proteins with the same apparent molecular mass also copurify with pp59v-rel during sequential sephacryl s200 and immunoaffinity chromatograph ... | 1990 | 2155506 |
| avian reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed lymphoid cells contain multiple pp59v-rel complexes. | the v-rel oncogene of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus type t (rev-t) encodes a 59-kilodalton (kda) phosphoprotein located principally in the cytosol of transformed lymphoid cells. all of the detectable pp59v-rel was present in high-molecular-weight complexes containing at least five cellular proteins (p124, p115, p75c-rel, p70hsc, and pp40). antiserum was developed against the 40-kda protein, the most abundant cellular protein associated with the complex. the 40-kda phosphoprotein was complexe ... | 1990 | 2153225 |
| cdna genes formed after infection with retroviral vector particles lack the hallmarks of natural processed pseudogenes. | retroviral proteins can encapsidate rnas without retroviral cis-acting sequences. such rnas are reverse transcribed and inserted into the genomes of infected target cells to form cdna genes. previous investigations by southern blot analysis of such cdna genes suggested that they were truncated at the 3' and the 5' ends (r. dornburg and h. m. temin, mol. cell. biol. 8:2328-2334, 1988). to analyze such cdna genes further, we cloned three cdna genes (derived from a hygromycin b phosphotransferase g ... | 1990 | 2152967 |
| a member of the set of kappa b binding proteins, hiven86a, is a product of the human c-rel proto-oncogene. | hiven86a is an inducible member of a set of cellular proteins that specifically bind to the kappa b enhancer (franza et al., 1987; franza, 1988; franza, 1990; ballard et al., 1989; bohnlein et al., 1988). this enhancer motif has been detected in numerous cellular and viral transcription control domains (boshart et al., 1985; sen & baltimore, 1986; nabel & baltimore, 1987). recently, cdnas have been cloned (kieran et al., 1990; baldwin & sharp, 1987) that encode the 50 kd dna binding subunit of m ... | 1991 | 2030915 |
| interaction of the v-rel protein with an nf-kappa b dna binding site. | the avian reticuloendotheliosis virus t contains within its genome the oncogene rel. the expression of this gene is responsible for the induction of lymphoid tumors in birds. recently, the rel gene was shown to be related to the p50 dna binding subunit of the transcription factor complex nf-kappa b. binding sites for the nf-kappa b complex are found in the enhancer regions of a number of genes, including the immunoglobulin kappa gene and the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat. in ... | 1991 | 1848011 |
| characterization of large deletions occurring during a single round of retrovirus vector replication: novel deletion mechanism involving errors in strand transfer. | retroviruses mutate at a high rate during replication. we used a spleen necrosis virus-based vector system and helper cell line to characterize mutations occurring during a single round of retrovirus replication. the vector used, jd216hyneo, codes for two drug resistance genes, hygromycin resistance (hygro) and neomycin resistance (neo). the downstream neo gene is expressed only when a mutation alleviates a block to splicing which is located in the upstream hygro gene. the mutations allowing spl ... | 1991 | 1714517 |
| heritable retroviral transgenes are highly expressed in chickens. | this report describes expression of heritable reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) vector me111 in 20 independent lines of transgenic chickens. the results are strikingly different from studies of moloney virus in transgenic mice, where restricted expression of inherited proviruses has led to their use primarily as insertional mutagens rather than general agents for gene transfer. in contrast, the rev me111 provirus is actively transcribed in a variety of tissues from transgenic chickens, is expres ... | 1991 | 1705705 |
| reticuloendotheliosis virus rev-t(rev-a)-induced neoplasia: development of tumors within the t-lymphoid and myeloid lineages. | infection of 1-day-old chicks with reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t induces a neoplastic disease that kills the chicks 7 to 14 days postinfection. in association with reticuloendotheliosis-associated virus (rev-a), reticuloendotheliosis virus t (rev-t) induces tumors that are predominantly immunoglobulin m (igm) negative. we examined a variety of rev-t(rev-a)-induced tumors and tumor-derived cell lines and concluded that the principal igm-negative tumors that develop in rev-t(rev-a)-infected ... | 1990 | 1700831 |
| inhibition of human immunodeficiency virus infectivity by chloroquine. | the effect of chloroquine, a drug known to affect intracellular exocytic pathways, was studied in two retroviral systems: human immunodeficiency virus (hiv-1) and avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-a). with chloroquine treatment of virus-infected cells, significant size reduction of the cell- and virus-associated surface glycoproteins, gp90 of rev-a and gp120 of hiv-1, was observed. in the case of hiv-1, extracellular virions derived from treated cells contained very little gp120. infectivit ... | 1990 | 1692728 |
| the v-rel oncogene of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus transforms immature and mature lymphoid cells of the b cell lineage in vitro. | heavy chain gene rearrangements were analyzed in 67 independently derived reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t) transformed avian lymphoid cell lines. the status of the heavy chain genes in these rev-t transformed cell lines was determined, in part, by the age of the chicken whose spleen cells were transformed. cell lines derived by the in vitro transformation of splenic lymphocytes obtained from embryos did not contain heavy chain gene ig rearrangements. by contrast, splenic lymphocytes transform ... | 1991 | 1677223 |
| expression of v-rel in a replication competent virus: transformation and biochemical characterization. | the avian reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t (rev-t) transforms bone marrow cells and may cause phenotypic changes in fibroblasts. both events are thought to result from expression of the v-rel oncoprotein, a member of the nf-kappa b family of transcription factors. most rev stocks contain a cytopathic and immunosuppressive helper virus (rev-a) unrelated to standard avian retroviruses, and thus the degree to which v-rel expression alone contributes to the transformed phenotype in bone marrow c ... | 1991 | 1656369 |
| gene expression from heterologous promoters in a replication-defective avian retrovirus vector in quail cells. | avian retrovirus vectors, with potential for use in avian transformation, were constructed to evaluate the relative efficiency of promoters placed internal to the viral long terminal repeats (ltr). the vectors are replication-defective reticuloendotheliosis plasmids that contain the neomycin phosphotransferase gene under control of the 5' ltr and an internal promoter that directs expression of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene. the internal promoters were the sv40 early, the mouse metal ... | 1991 | 1652136 |
| characterization and comparison of avian and murine helper cell lines for production of replication-defective retroviruses for avian transformation. | several approaches were taken to identify improved helper cell lines for the production of replication-defective avian retroviral vectors for avian transformation. both qt6 and d17 cells were engineered to become helper cell lines for the production of reticuloendotheliosis virus vectors. the results showed that the majority of lines from the d17, qt6, and d17c3 cells produced titers in the 10(2) to 10(3) cfu/ml range, with one qt6 line producing 10(5) cfu/ml. this high producer line was relativ ... | 1991 | 1652135 |
| importance of cell-mediated immunity in marek's disease and other viral tumor diseases. | cell-mediated immune (cmi) responses to viral tumor diseases are often used as examples of the importance of antiviral and antitumor immunity in chickens. especially, reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) and marek's disease herpesvirus (mdv) are used as models to study the development of cytotoxic t-lymphocytes against viral and tumor antigens and activation of natural killer (nk) cells. major histocompatibility complex class i-restricted, antiviral cytotoxic t-lymphocytes expressing cd4-/cd8+ mark ... | 1991 | 1649464 |
| the cytotoxic t lymphocyte response in reticuloendotheliosis virus-infected chickens is mediated by alpha beta and not by gamma delta t cells. | we induced a virus-specific cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) response in b2 chickens by i.v. inoculation with 100 tcid50 of the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev). chickens were sacrificed 7 days after the infection and cytotoxic activity of the spleen cells against various target cells was assayed in a 4 h 51cr-release assay at an effector to target ratio of 100:1. in addition, t cell receptor (tcr) alpha beta and tcr gamma delta cells were negatively selected from the rev-immune spleen cells and us ... | 1992 | 1490734 |
| 5-azacytidine and rna secondary structure increase the retrovirus mutation rate. | a broad spectrum of mutations occurs at a high rate during a single round of retrovirus replication (v.k. pathak and h. m. temin, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 87:6019-6023, 1990). we have now determined that this high rate of spontaneous mutation can be further increased by 5-azacytidine (azc) treatment or by regions of potential rna secondary structure. we found a 13-fold increase in the mutation rate after azc treatment of retrovirus-producing cells and target cells. the azc-induced substitution ... | 1992 | 1373201 |
| cell-mediated cytolysis of lymphoblastoid cells expressing marek's disease virus-specific phosphorylated polypeptides. | cell-mediated immune responses against marek's disease virus (mdv)-antigens were examined using reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell line cu91 and three cell lines derived from cu91. cu210 was established by establishing a latent mdv infection in cu91. transfection of cu210 with pnl1, a selectable plasmid or with pnl1 and the cloned bamhi a fragment of mdv dna resulted in the establishment of cu212 and cu211, respectively. cu211 expressed a mdv-specific phosphorylate ... | 1992 | 1336254 |
| reticuloendotheliosis virus long terminal repeat elements are efficient promoters in cells of various species and tissue origin, including human lymphoid cells. | promiscuous transcriptional activity of the reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) long terminal repeat (ltr) was detected in transient expression assays using ltr-chloramphenicol acetyltransferase-encoding gene chimeras, and cells of diverse species and tissue type; levels of expression from two different rev ltrs correlate with reports of pathogenicity of the respective viruses in vivo. revs do not encode a transactivator targeted to the viral ltr, and cells infected with marek's disease virus, a h ... | 1992 | 1332912 |
| analytical study of avian reticuloendotheliosis virus dimeric rna generated in vivo and in vitro. | the retroviral genome consists of two identical rna molecules associated at their 5' ends by a stable structure called the dimer linkage structure. the dimer linkage structure, while maintaining the dimer state of the retroviral genome, might also be involved in packaging and reverse transcription, as well as recombination during proviral dna synthesis. to study the dimer structure of the retroviral genome and the mechanism of dimerization, we analyzed features of the dimeric genome of reticuloe ... | 1992 | 1331519 |
| differentiation of pathogenic and non-pathogenic serotype 1 marek's disease viruses (mdvs) by the polymerase chain reaction amplification of the tandem direct repeats within the mdv genome. | there are no simple, direct methods to reliably distinguish oncogenic serotype 1 marek's disease viruses (mdvs) from their attenuated variants. the present study was an attempt to apply polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to develop a rapid and sensitive assay for the presence of the mdv genome. pcr oligos were chosen to flank the 132-base-pair tandem direct repeats in the serotype 1 mdv genome. the pcr reaction was specific for serotype 1 mdvs, amplifying fragments corresponding to one to three cop ... | 1992 | 1329706 |
| the rel family: models for transcriptional regulation and oncogenic transformation. | 1992 | 1327144 | |
| the v-rel oncogene: insights into the mechanism of transcriptional activation, repression, and transformation. | the v-rel oncogene product from the avian reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t corresponds to a member of the rel-related family of enhancer-binding proteins that includes both the mammalian 50- and 65-kda subunits of the nf-kappa b transcription factor complex. however, in contrast to nf-kappa b, v-rel has been shown to function as a dominant-negative repressor of kappa b-dependent transcription in many mature cell types. we now demonstrate that a highly conserved motif within the rel homology ... | 1992 | 1321284 |
| transcriptional interaction between retroviral long terminal repeats (ltrs): mechanism of 5' ltr suppression and 3' ltr promoter activation of c-myc in avian b-cell lymphomas. | chicken syncytial viruses induce bursal lymphomas by integrating into the c-myc locus and activating myc expression by 3' long terminal repeat (ltr) promoter insertion. in contrast to wild-type proviruses, in which transcription initiates predominantly in the 5'ltr, these myc-associated proviruses exhibit a predominance of transcription from the 3' ltr and little transcription from the 5' ltr. most of these proviruses contain deletions within the 5' end of their genome that spare the 5' ltr. we ... | 1992 | 1321271 |
| stable transfection of reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines. | lymphoblastoid t cell lines were established by infection of chicken splenocytes with reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev). the target cells first were cultured in interleukin-containing conditioned medium or were stimulated by concanavalin a, or both. most cell lines were t cells expressing cd3 and one of the t cell receptors, and all cell lines were positive for major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii antigens. several rev-transformed cell lines were stably transfected using electroporati ... | 1992 | 1320872 |
| alterations within pp59v-rel-containing protein complexes following the stimulation of rev-t-transformed lymphoid cells with zinc. | pp59v-rel exists in association with specific cellular proteins within lymphoid cells transformed by reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev-t). these include the cellular rel homolog (p75c-rel) as well as a 40-kda avian homolog to i kappa b. the brief exposure of rev-t-transformed lymphoid cells to micromolar concentrations of znso4 induces profound alterations within these protein complexes. most of the constituents of the rel protein complexes (to include pp59v-rel, p75c-rel, and p115) translocate f ... | 1992 | 1316681 |
| reticuloendotheliosis type c and primate type d oncoretroviruses are members of the same receptor interference group. | the reticuloendotheliosis viruses (revs), originally isolated from avian species, constitute a group of retroviruses which are more closely related to mammalian retroviruses than to other avian retroviruses. the envelope glycoproteins of members of the rev group display a striking amino acid sequence identity with a group of primate oncoretroviruses which belong to a single receptor interference group and include all of the type d and some type c primate oncoretroviruses. members of the rev grou ... | 1992 | 1316460 |
| spleen necrosis virus, an avian immunosuppressive retrovirus, shares a receptor with the type d simian retroviruses. | the reticuloendotheliosis viruses (rev) are a family of highly related retroviruses isolated from gallinaceous birds. on the basis of sequence comparison and overall genome organization, these viruses are more similar to the mammalian type c retroviruses than to the avian sarcoma/leukemia viruses. the envelope of a member of the rev family, spleen necrosis virus (snv), is about 50% identical in amino acid sequence to the envelope of the type d simian retroviruses. although snv does not productiv ... | 1992 | 1313915 |
| reticuloendotheliosis and 'pullet disease' in israel. | 1992 | 1313616 | |
| reticuloendotheliosis in a wild turkey (meleagris gallopavo) from coastal georgia. | an emaciated wild turkey (meleagris gallopavo) exhibiting neurologic signs was found on ossabaw island, chatham county, georgia (usa) on 11 april 1989. the neurologic abnormalities observed included ataxia, drooping wings, head tremors, torticollis, and circling. at necropsy, discrete yellowish-white nodules, varying in size from 2 to 5 mm, were present in the spleen. white nodular lesions approximately 2 mm in diameter were observed beneath the mucosal surface of the distal esophagus. histopath ... | 1992 | 1312647 |
| unusually high frequency of reconstitution of long terminal repeats in u3-minus retrovirus vectors by dna recombination or gene conversion. | recently, we described a retrovirus vector system with which to study formation of cdna genes (r. dornburg and h. m. temin, mol. cell. biol. 6:2328-2334, 1988; mol. cell. biol. 8:64-72, 1990; j. virol. 64:886-889, 1990). for these studies, retrovirus vectors were constructed in which the u3 region of the 3' long terminal repeat (ltr) was deleted. after one round of retrovirus replication, such vectors formed a provirus with two u3-minus ltrs. however, the insertion of some additional sequences i ... | 1992 | 1310753 |
| retrovirus insertion into herpesvirus in vitro and in vivo. | retroviruses and herpesviruses are naturally occurring pathogens of humans and animals. coinfection of the same host with both these viruses is common. we report here that a retrovirus can integrate directly into a herpesvirus genome. specifically, we demonstrate insertion of a nonacute retrovirus, reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), into a herpesvirus, marek disease virus (mdv). both viruses are capable of inducing t lymphomas in chickens and often coexist in the same animal. rev dna integration ... | 1992 | 1310544 |
| a spleen necrosis virus-based retroviral vector which expresses two genes from a dicistronic mrna. | we have investigated a novel strategy for coexpressing two genes from a retroviral vector. the 5' nontranslated leader region of at least some picornavirus rnas contains a sequence that can act as an internal ribosome entry site allowing initiation of translation at a downstream aug codon in a 5' cap-independent manner. to investigate whether such a sequence can function in the context of a retroviral vector, we constructed a spleen necrosis virus-based vector carrying two selectable marker gene ... | 1992 | 1310190 |
| isolation of chicken anaemia virus from broiler chickens. | chicken anaemia virus (cav) infection was demonstrated, by both serology and virus isolation, in 1- to 6-week-old broiler chickens originated from various parent flocks in hungary. total losses in the broiler flocks were estimated at 7 to 8% and about 25% of the chickens failed to reach target body mass by the 7th week of life. the clinical signs, postmortem lesions and histopathological changes of the affected chickens were similar to those of naturally occurring cav-induced infectious anaemia ... | 1992 | 1298167 |
| characterization of reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed avian t-lymphoblastoid cell lines infected with marek's disease virus. | the expression of marek's disease virus (mdv) transcripts and protein products was investigated in reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed avian t-lymphoblastoid cell line recc-cu91, which was superinfected with mdv. the presence of mdv in the superinfected cell line, renamed recc-cu210, was demonstrated by southern hybridization with 32p-labeled bamhi-h and -b fragments of the bamhi mdv dna library. examination of recc-cu210 for the expression of mdv-specific rna transcripts encoded by the inte ... | 1992 | 1279200 |
| polypeptide composition of spleen necrosis virus, a reticuloendotheliosis virus. | the polypeptide composition of virions of spleen necrosis virus, a reticuloendotheliosis virus, was determined using electrophoresis on sodium dodecyl sulfate-containing, 10 percent polyacrylamide gels. ten polypeptides were resolved. four of these were present in minor and somewhat variable amounts. two proteins, gp71 and gp22, contained d-glucosamine and were located on the outer surface of the lipid envelope, as demonstrated by lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination and by bromelain digestion. ... | 1975 | 1142473 |
| depression of mitogen response in spleen cells from reticuloendotheliosis virus-infected chickens and their suppressive effect on normal lymphocyte response. | spleen cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes from chickens infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) were depressed in their responsiveness to phytohemagglutinin (pha). when spleen cells from uninfected chickens were co-cultured with spleen cells from chickens infected with rev at 2 weeks of age, the pha response by the normal cells was completely suppressed. although spleen cells from chickens infected with rev at 6 or 9 weeks of age were also suppressed in their ability to respond to ph ... | 1978 | 641350 |
| the effect of avian retroviruses on limb bud chondrogenesis in vitro. | mesenchymal cells isolated from stage 24 embryonic chicken limb buds were infected with the temperature-sensitive transformation mutants of rous sarcoma virus tsny68, tsny10 and tsla25 at the nonpermissive temperature for transformation (41 degrees c). virus infection greatly inhibited subsequent limb bud chondrogenesis under nontransforming conditions, as indicated by a reduction in the rate of 35so4 incorporation into cell-associated proteoglycans. the inhibition of chondrogenesis was directly ... | 1979 | 519754 |
| suppression of the mitogen-stimulated blastogenic response during reticuloendotheliosis virus-induced tumorigenesis: investigations into the mechanism of action of the suppressor. | splenic lymphocytes from chickens infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) are suppressed in their ability to undergo pha-induced blastogenesis. this suppression can be detected within 72 hr after virus injection and requires active viral infection since i.p. or i.v. injection of uv-inactivated rev does not result in inhibition of the blastogenic response. suppressor cells from the spleens of rev-infected birds severely inhibit the ability of spleen cells from uninfected chickens to respo ... | 1978 | 305938 |
| transmission of an australian strain of reticuloendotheliosis virus to adult japanese quail. | 1979 | 231962 | |
| low incidence of lymphoid tumors in chickens continuously producing endogenous virus. | a flock of 258 male and 243 female chickens of a cross of regional poultry research laboratory lines 15b and 7(2) were kept in a filtered-air positive-pressure house and observed for tumors from 100 to more than 729 days of age. these birds produced high titers of a subgroup e endogenous virus from the middle of the embryonic incubation period through the end of the experiment. no neoplasms were observed in the males. the females had two neoplasms indistinguishable from lymphoid leukosis and thr ... | 1979 | 230806 |
| molecular evidence for a type c retrovirus etiology of the lymphoproliferative disease of turkeys. | recently, we isolated from the blood of lymphoproliferative disease (lpd)-affected turkeys a type c retrovirus distinct from the avian leukosis-sarcoma virus complex and the reticuloendotheliosis virus group. we present molecular evidence for the implication of this virus in the lpd of turkeys. using complementary dna of lpd viral rna, we found that the lpd viral genome is specifically and efficiently transcribed (2,500 copies per cell) in lpd tumor cells. moreover, the lpd tumor cells contained ... | 1979 | 229245 |
| depression of vaccinal immunity to marek's disease by infection with reticuloendotheliosis virus. | the effect of infection with low-virulence, tissue culture-propagated strains of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) on protective vaccinal immunity against marek's disease (md) lymphomas was investigated. vaccinated chickens inoculated at hatching with greater than 10(4) focus-forming units of rev and challenged with md virus were poorly protected against md lesion development as indicated by protective indices of 53 to 79% for strain cs (p less than 0.05) and 42 to 49% for strain t (p less than ... | 1979 | 227800 |
| isolation and development of a reticuloendotheliosis virus-transformed lymphoblastoid cell line from chicken spleen cells. | the establishment and characterization of a reticuloendotheliosis virus (strain t)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell line, designated tv-1, was reported. these cells, isolated from the spleen of a moribund chick infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus, were maintained in suspension culture for over 74 weeks at a stable generation time of 15 h. the cells were found to carry a female karyotype. both tv-1 cells and cell-free tv-1 culture supernatant produced lesions and mortality patterns in chicks ... | 1979 | 226481 |
| cell killing by spleen necrosis virus is correlated with a transient accumulation of spleen necrosis virus dna. | spleen necrosis virus productively infects avian and rat cells. the average number of molecules of unintegrated and integrated viral dna in cells at different times after infection was determined by hybridization and transfection assays. shortly after infection, there was a transient accumulation of an average of about 150 to 200 molecules of unintegrated linear spleen necrosis virus dna per chicken, turkey, or pheasant cell. no such accumulation was seen in infected rat cells. soon after infect ... | 1979 | 225560 |
| immunosuppression induced by avian reticuloendotheliosis virus: mechanism of induction of the suppressor cell. | 1979 | 224111 | |
| infection studies on a reticuloendotheliosis virus contaminant of a commercial marek's disease vaccine. | reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) was isolated in cell cultures from commercial marek's disease (herpesvirus of turkeys) vaccine and re-isolated from the organs of vaccinated chickens. runting and feathering abnormalities were produced when 1-day-old specific pathogen free chickens were inoculated with rev. histopathological lesions in infected chickens were hypoplasia of the thymus, bursa and spleen, and inflammation of the proventriculus, kidneys and liver. serological responses to rev were de ... | 1979 | 223539 |
| lymphomas resembling lymphoid leukosis in chickens inoculated with reticuloendotheliosis virus. | chickens inoculated as embyros or at hatching with the chick syncytial strain of reticuloendotheliosis virus developed a high incidence of lymphoid neoplasms between the 17th and 43rd weeks of age, involving principally the liver and bursa of fabricius. on the basis of organ distribution, latent period, pathology and surface igm production, the lymphomas closely resembled those of lymphoid leukosis. one inoculated chicken developed a myxosarcoma. no tumors were observed in uninoculated controls. ... | 1979 | 222694 |
| morphologic characterization of proliferative cells and virus particles in turkeys with lymphoproliferative disease. | the tumors found in turkeys having lymphoproliferative disease (lpd) are histologically characterized by a pleomorphic population of cells of the lymphoid series. electron microscopy has shown that, despite marked differences in shape and size, the proliferating cells share basic ultrastructural features, indicating their lymphoid origin. virus particles morphologically and morphogenetically characteristic of type c oncorna-viruses of retraviridae were found in different organs and plasma sample ... | 1979 | 220455 |
| transformation by reticuloendotheliosis virus: development of a focus assay and isolation of a nontransforming virus. | 1979 | 219596 | |
| dna of noninfectious and infectious integrated spleen necrosis virus (snv) is colinear with unintegrated snv dna and not grossly abnormal. | the cleavage sites of eight restriction endonucleases in linear spleen necrosis virus (snv) dna were mapped, and the map was oriented with respect to viral rna. with the aid of this map, several structural features of the viral dna were elucidated: unintegrated linear snv dna is terminally redundant; the majority of snv dna molecules integrated in chicken dna, which were previously shown to be present in many sites in cellular dna, are colinear with unintegrated viral dna; no tandem integration ... | 1979 | 217546 |
| characterization of the interaction of reticuloendotheliosis virus with the avian lymphoid system. | 1978 | 212207 | |
| sites of integration of reticuloendotheliosis virus dna in chicken dna. | the pattern of integration of spleen necrosis virus (snv) dna in dna from a large population of snv-infected chicken cells was studied by nucleic acid hybridization with iodinated viral rna by the blotting technique of southern. snv dna was found to be integrated at multiple sites in acutely infected chicken cells. concomitant with the transition from acute to chronic infection, a shift in the pattern of integration was observed. the majority of integrated snv dna found in acutely infected cells ... | 1978 | 210459 |
| amino-terminal amino acid sequence of the major structural polypeptides of avian retroviruses: sequence homology between reticuloendotheliosis virus p30 and p30s of mammalian retroviruses. | the major structural polypeptides, p30 of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) (strain t) and p27 of avian sarcoma virus b77, have been compared with regard to amino acid composition. nh2-terminal amino acid sequence, and immunological crossreactions. the amino acid composition of the two polypeptides is distinct, and a comparison of the first 30 nh2-terminal amino acids of rev p30 with that for the first 25 of b77 p27 yields only three homologous residues. in competition radioimmunoassays the poly ... | 1978 | 208072 |
| spontaneously occurring lymphoproliferative disease in ducks. | a naturally occurring lymphoproliferative disease was observed in a domestic flock of muscovy ducks. gross lesions were observed only in one of three ducks necropsied (in the small intestine). microscopic lesions consisted of mononuclear cell infiltrates composed primarily of reticuloendothelial cells, mature lymphocytes, and plasma cells in livers, spleens, small intestines, peripheral nerves, and brains. antibodies to reticuloendotheliosis virus were detected in sera of four ducks, whereas all ... | 1978 | 206252 |
| reticuloendotheliosis virus: experimental infection of poultry and immunofluorescent identification of australian isolates. | 1977 | 206246 | |
| high-molecular-weight rnas of akr, nzb, and wild mouse viruses and avian reticuloendotheliosis virus all have similar dimer structures. | several 50 to 70s tumor viral rnas have previously been shown by electron microscopy to be dimers, with the two monomer subunits joined near their 5' ends. five additional naturally occurring type c rna tumor viruses have now been examined: akr, and endogenous murine ecotropic virus; nzb, an endogenous murine xenotropic virus; and ecotropic and an amphotropic virus isolated from a wild mouse; and the avian reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev). all five 50 to 70s rnas have similar 5'-to-5' dimer str ... | 1978 | 205678 |
| complement-fixation test for reticuloendotheliosis viruses: limits of sensitivity in infected avian cells. | a specific micro-complement-fixation procedure for assay of avian reticuloendotheliosis viruses (rev), designated by use as the cofar test, was compared with an assay based on immunofluorescent (if) antibody staining of infected chick embryo fibroblasts. endpoint titrations in which rev strain t, chick syncytial virus, and spleen necrosis virus were used indicated that cultures infected with limiting dilutions of each strain were positive by both procedures within 6 days. depending on cell densi ... | 1977 | 204281 |
| pathological changes in chickens inoculated with reticuloendotheliosis-virus-contaminated marek's disease vaccine. | a disease characterized by delayed growth, anemia, abnormal feathers, and leg paralysis occurred among chickens inoculated with marek's disease vaccine over a period from spring to fall in 1974. these chickens were recognized among flocks inoculated with the vaccine produced by two vaccine makers. the affected ones were examined pathologically. gross examination revealed a slight enlargement of peripheral nerves and atrophy of the spleen, thymus, and bursa of fabricius. histopathologically, the ... | 1977 | 203872 |