Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| effect of diet composition on weight gain, sperm transfer, and insemination in the cat flea (siphonaptera: pulicidae). | weight gain by adult cat fleas, ctenocephalidesfelis (bouché), was influenced primarily by the concentrations of protein and sodium chloride in the feeding solution. after 48 h of feeding, fleas fed whole blood weighed almost twice as much as fleas fed plasma or hemolyzed blood and 1.25 times as much as fleas fed 0.15 m sodium chloride. when fleas were fed sodium chloride solutions ranging from 0 to 0.5 m, weight gain was greatest on the 0.15- or 0.2-m solutions. weight gain decreased significan ... | 2002 | 11931038 |
| development of a mouse model to determine the systemic activity of potential flea-control compounds. | probe studies were performed to determine if the cat flea (ctenocephalides felis), the most common ectoparasite of companion animals, will feed on laboratory mice and, if so, to incorporate this into a small animal assay to detect systemically active compounds. consequently, a protocol was developed which incorporated acepromazine maleate to temporarily sedate various strains of mice and allow fleas a window of time to feed undisturbed. for validation of the model, cd-1 mice were dosed per os wi ... | 2002 | 11812623 |
| comparison of the activity of selamectin, imidacloprid and fipronil for the treatment of dogs infested experimentally with ctenocephalides canis and ctenocephalides felis felis. | twenty-four beagles were randomly allocated into four groups of six and housed in separate cages. each dog was infested with 25 ctenocephalides canis and 25 ctenocephalides felis felis and two days later (day 0) the dogs in groups 1, 2 and 3 received a spot-on application of selamectin (6 mg/kg), imidacloprid (10 mg/kg), or fipronil (6-7 mg/kg), respectively, while the dogs in group 4 were not treated. the dogs were combed 48 hours later, the fleas were removed, counted and their species were de ... | 2001 | 11787782 |
| presence of rickettsia felis in the cat flea from southwestern europe. | rickettsia felis, formerly called elb agent, was identified by using molecular biology techniques in the cat flea (ctenocephalides felis felis) from southwestern spain. for the first time this flea-transmitted rickettsia has been detected within its vector in eurasia. | 2002 | 11749758 |
| effect of 0.29% w/w fipronil spray on adult flea mortality and egg production of three different cat flea, ctenocephalides felis (bouché), strains infesting cats. | to evaluate the effect of fipronil spray on adult flea mortality and flea egg production of three different cat flea, ctenocephalides felis (bouché) strains, 30 domestic short hair cats were randomly allocated into six groups of five cats each. on day 0, cats in groups 2, 4 and 6 were treated with fipronil at 5-6ml/kg. cats in groups 1, 3 and 5 served as untreated controls. on days -2, 7, 14, 21, and 28 each cat was infested with 50 adult cat fleas. groups 1 and 2 were infested with fleas from t ... | 2001 | 11731076 |
| systemic efficacy of nodulisporamides against fleas on dogs. | nodulisporic acid a (nsa) has been shown previously to be safe in dogs and to deliver >90% flea control for 4 days following a single oral administration. three newly prepared nodulisporamide derivatives were subsequently identified from an artificial membrane flea feeding system as exhibiting potency substantially greater than nsa. to determine if they have superior in vivo activity, these 3 nodulisporamides, as well as nsa, were evaluated in dogs at 15 mg/kg/os. parasite challenges were made b ... | 2001 | 11695382 |
| accumulation and persistence of flea larvicidal activity in the immediate environment of cats treated with imidacloprid. | to investigate the persistence of flea larvicidal activity in the immediate environment of cats treated with imidacloprid, eggs of the cat flea ctenocephalides felis felis bouché (siphonaptera: pulicidae), from untreated donor cats, were incubated on samples of fleece blanket taken from the floor of cages used by treated or untreated cats for a total of 10 or 20 6-h periods over 2-4 weeks, respectively. sufficient imidacloprid accumulated during these periods to reduce the emergence of adult fle ... | 2001 | 11583454 |
| systemic activity of the avermectins against the cat flea (siphonaptera: pulicidae). | ivermectin has potent systemic activity against numerous species of nematodes and arthropods, but there are some important species in these two groups, such as the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis (bouché), that appear to be refractory to it. in an effort to determine if the lack of systemic activity against c. felis is specific to ivermectin, or if it is a class-wide phenomenon, 20 avermectin derivatives were tested in an artificial membrane flea feeding system at concentrations of 20, 10, and 1 ... | 2001 | 11476339 |
| cat-scratch disease: epidemiology, aetiology and treatment. | cat-scratch disease (csd) is a clinical syndrome that usually presents as a self-limiting lymphadenopathy associated with a cat scratch or bite. commonly affecting children and young adults, it has a worldwide distribution. in temperate climates, higher rates are reported in the autumn and winter, which can be attributed to the seasonal breeding of the domestic cat. the organism responsible was identified in 1983, having eluded detection for 50 years. initially, afipia felis was thought to be th ... | 2001 | 11440202 |
| establishment of the cat flea (ctenocephalides felis felis) on the ferret (mustela putorius furo) and its control with imidacloprid. | as the ferret, mustela putorius furo l. (carnivora: mustelidae), is becoming increasingly popular as a pet animal and as it is susceptible to the cat-flea, ctenocephalides felis felis bouché (siphonaptera: pulicidae), an experimental model was established for evaluating insecticidal treatments on this host. a high establishment rate (76.7-91.8%) was recorded when 60 unfed adult c. felis were placed on ferrets. this provided an adequate infestation for chemotherapeutic evaluation without causing ... | 2001 | 11434557 |
| cat flea (ctenocephalides felis) infestation in quarantined marsh deer (blastocerus dichotomus) populations. | marsh deer (blastocerus dichotomus) were captured for a research program in brazil and maintained in quarantine stations. after 60 days, fleas were detected on animals and identified as ctenocephalides felis felis. elimination of the infestation was difficult. animal treatment with a fipronil-based compound was effective, and subsequently captured animals were treated prophylactically. some animals remained infested, and some died from the infestation. | 2000 | 11428409 |
| evaluation of imidacloprid for the treatment and prevention of cat flea (ctenocephalides felis felis) infestations on rabbits. | 2001 | 11425257 | |
| species of flea (siphonaptera) infesting pets and hedgehogs in germany. | the species of flea infesting pets and hedgehogs in germany were investigated through a survey of small animal practitioners throughout the country who were asked to collect specimens at their veterinary practices. a total of 625 veterinarians/veterinary practices responded and provided 2445 intact anti identifiable flea specimens. these fleas originated from 294 dogs (795 fleas), 334 cats (1152 fleas), 76 hedgehogs (481 fleas), five domestic rabbits (10 fleas), one golden hamster (four fleas) a ... | 2001 | 11393815 |
| prevalence of vectors of the spotted fever group rickettsiae and murine typhus in a bedouin town in israel. | a survey of the vectors of spotted fever group rickettsiae and of murine typhus was carried out in rahat, a bedouin town in the negev desert, where the diseases are endemic. houses with known cases of spotted fever group rickettsiae or murine typhus were compared with those without reported clinical cases. a neighboring jewish community, lehavim, where no cases of spotted fever group rickettsiae and murine typhus were reported in recent years, was used as a control. in the houses of patients wit ... | 2001 | 11372975 |
| off-host observations of mating and postmating behaviors in the cat flea (siphonaptera: pulicidae). | a blood meal was necessary for a male cat flea, ctenocephalides felis (bouché), to display the mating attempts to an unfed or fed female. more mating pairs resulted when both sexes were fed. copulation occurred when fed fleas were placed on surfaces with temperatures from 34 to 42 degrees c. this article not only describes the mating and postmating behaviors of cat fleas, but also compares them with those of other fleas. the sequence of mating behavior began when a male approached a female ventr ... | 2001 | 11372958 |
| recent developments in ectoparasiticides. | the sales and use of ectoparasiticides for the control of arthropod parasites of domestic animals constitute a major sector of the global animal health market. animals are infected by a number of parasitic insect and acarine species causing major economic losses in production livestock, intense irritation and skin disease in companion animals, or public health issues, including bites of humans or zoonotic disease transmission. dog and cat fleas, for example, can be a serious source of both anima ... | 2001 | 11352483 |
| rickettsia felis: molecular characterization of a new member of the spotted fever group. | in this report, placement of rickettsia felis in the spotted fever group (sfg) rather than the typhus group (tg) of rickettsia is proposed. the organism, which was first observed in cat fleas (ctenocephalides felis) by electron microscopy, has not yet been reported to have been cultivated reproducibly, thereby limiting the standard rickettsial typing by serological means. to overcome this challenge, several genes were selected as targets to be utilized for the classification of r. felis. dna fro ... | 2001 | 11321078 |
| systemic efficacy of nodulisporic acid against fleas on dogs. | nodulisporic acid a (nsa) is a novel natural product from a new structural class that was shown previously to have insecticidal activity against blowfly larvae. to determine if there was useful systemic efficacy against fleas (ctenocephalides felis). nsa was evaluated in an artificial membrane flea feeding device and in dogs. in the artificial membrane flea feeding device, adult c. felis were allowed to feed on bovine blood containing various concentrations of nsa through a parafilm membrane. ns ... | 2001 | 11318575 |
| control of flea populations in a simulated home environment model using lufenuron, imidacloprid or fipronil. | control strategies were evaluated over a 6-month period in a home simulation model comprising a series of similar carpeted pens, housing matched groups of six cats, in which the life-cycle of the flea ctenocephalides felis felis bouche (siphonaptera: pulicidae) had been established. additional adult fleas were placed on the cats at intervals to mimic acquisition of extraneous fleas from outside the home. treatment strategies included a single subcutaneous deposition of injectable lufenuron suppo ... | 2001 | 11297105 |
| topical application as a method for comparing the effectiveness of insecticides against cat flea (siphonaptera: pulicidae). | a topical (micro-droplet) bioassay is described for the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis (bouche). key parameters are the short carbon dioxide anesthetization and the use of 0.1 ml of acetone per flea. the method was used to compare the effectiveness of 13 insecticides. ld95 values in nanograms per flea were nitenpyram 0.68, fipronil 0.69, deltamethrin 0.70, imidacloprid 0.81, cypermethrin 5.4, fenthion 8.0, diazinon 12, permethrin 19, malathion 29, bendiocarb 170, ddt 710, propoxur 1,300, carbar ... | 2001 | 11296822 |
| comparative study on the effects of three insecticides (fipronil, imidacloprid, selamectin) on developmental stages of the cat flea (ctenocephalides felis bouché 1835): a light and electron microscopic analysis of in vivo and in vitro experiments. | the effects of three insecticides (fipronil, imidacloprid and selamectin) on developmental stages of cat fleas (ctenocephalides felis) were studied in vivo, in vitro and by means of light and electron microscopy. the results were documented by video. adult fleas were attached to the skin of dogs that had been treated 7 days before with one of the three compounds. furthermore, adult fleas were exposed exclusively to the hair and skin debris of such treated dogs or were placed on filter papers tha ... | 2001 | 11293567 |
| effects of juvenile hormone on eggs and adults of the cat flea (siphonaptera: pulicidae). | juvenile hormone iii plays a major role in regulating feeding and reproduction in the adult cat flea, ctenocephalides felis (bouché). both blood consumption and egg production increased in a dose-dependent manner up to a maximum at 1,250 ppm when fleas were continuously exposed to concentrations up to 12,500 ppm juvenile hormone. histological studies demonstrated that juvenile hormone iii also stimulated cellular differentiation of salivary gland epithelia, midgut epithelia, and fat body cells, ... | 2001 | 11268696 |
| seasonal occurrence of ctenocephalides felis felis and ctenocephalides canis (siphonaptera: pulicidae) infesting dogs and cats in an urban area in cuernavaca, mexico. | the seasonal occurrence of ctenocephalides felis felis (bouché and ctenocephalides canis (curtis) infestation on dogs and cats in cuernavaca city in mexico, was determined by examining 1,803 dogs and 517 cats at two veterinary clinics during 1995-1997. the overall flea infestation was 30.3 and 30.1% for dogs and cats, respectively. there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in percentage of infestation among years for both hosts. the infestation was somewhat higher in spring, summer, and a ... | 2001 | 11268680 |
| first blood meal of ctenocephalides canis (siphonaptera: pulicidae) on dogs: time to initiation of feeding and duration. | two experiments were conducted on dogs to evaluate interval to initiation and duration of the first blood meal of ctenocephalides canis (curtis). percentage of fed male and female fleas was calculated for fleas held on dogs for 5, 15, 30, 60 min, 6, and 24 hr. duration of first blood meal was also measured for individual fleas confined on dogs. when fleas were free in the hair coat, 21.2% had begun blood feeding within 5 min. after 1 hr, 72.5% of fleas had fed. after 6 hr, 95.2% of males and 100 ... | 2001 | 11227894 |
| control of immature stages of the flea ctenocephalides felis (bouché) in carpets exposed to cats treated with imidacloprid. | fleas cause allergic dermatitis in cats and dogs and therefore warrant control. it has been demonstrated previously that there is marked inhibition of the development of the immature stages of the cat flea ctenocephalides felis on fleece blankets exposed to cats treated with imidacloprid. this study reports on the efficacy of imidacloprid in suppressing adult flea emergence in carpet exposed to treated cats. circular discs of carpet pre-seeded with flea eggs and larvae were exposed to 6 untreate ... | 2000 | 11212931 |
| cat-scratch disease. | cat-scratch disease (csd) was first described by debré in 1950, yet the causative bacterial agent of csd remained obscure until 1992, when bartonella (formerly rochalimaea) henselae was implicated in csd by serological and microbiologic studies. bartonella henselae had initially been linked to bacillary angiomatosis (ba), a vascular proliferative disease most commonly associated with long-standing human immunodeficiency virus infection or other significant immunosuppression. bartonella henselae ... | 2000 | 11189710 |
| [the state of in vitro breeding of lice and fleas] | laboratory breeding of lice, fleas and other bloodsucking arthropods is necessary for developing and testing the efficacy of new drugs and alternative arthropod control methods. they are necessary to investigate their role as vectors of pathogens and to develop methods for diagnosis and therapy of arthropod caused or transmitted diseases. to date, it is not possible to replace rabbits as natural blood sources for breeding lice colonies (pediculus spp.). but on the base of the knowledge about lic ... | 1996 | 11178453 |
| preliminary characterisation of esterase and platelet-activating factor (paf)-acetylhydrolase activities from cat flea (ctenocephalides felis) salivary glands. | naphthyl esterase and platelet-activating factor (paf)-acetylhydrolase activities were detected in the salivary glands of the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis. salivary naphthyl esterase activity is disgorged during exploratory probing. whole extracts of salivary glands contain esterase activity against the short-chain naphthyl esters alpha-naphthyl acetate (approximately 210pmol/min/gland pair; 10.0micromol/min/mg specific activity; k(m) approximately 59microm) and beta-naphthyl acetate (approxi ... | 2001 | 11164337 |
| effects of multiple mating on female reproductive output in the cat flea (siphonaptera: pulicidae). | multiple mating behavior of female cat fleas, ctenocephalides felis (bouché), was confirmed in this study, and its effects on fecundity and fertility were investigated as well. the number of fertile eggs produced by mated females was close to nil within 7 d after removal of males, but it was resumed when females were exposed to males again on day 7. multiple-mated females displayed significantly higher fecundity (400.3 eggs per female) and fertility (182.8 viable eggs per female) than single-mat ... | 2000 | 11126536 |
| evaluation of efficacy of selamectin, fipronil, and imidacloprid against ctenocephalides felis in dogs. | to evaluate efficacy of monthly administration of selamectin, fipronil, and imidacloprid against ctenocephalides felis in dogs. | 2000 | 11110457 |
| evaluation of efficacy of selamectin and fipronil against ctenocephalides felis in cats. | to evaluate efficacy of monthly administration of selamectin and fipronil against ctenocephalides felis in cats. | 2000 | 11110456 |
| recent advances in diagnosis and treatment of cat scratch disease. | the cause of cat scratch disease (csd), first described in france in 1950 and in the united states in 1951, was unknown until 1983 when the bacterium in lymph nodes was detected using a warthin-starry silver stain. afipia felis has been an infrequent cause of csd since1988, when this gram-negative bacterium was first isolated from 10 patients with csd. in 1992 bartonella organisms were isolated from immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. an indirect fluorescent antibody test to detect b ... | 2000 | 11095849 |
| identification, cloning, and characterization of a major cat flea salivary allergen (cte f 1). | an 18 kda protein isolated from saliva of the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis, elicits a positive intradermal skin test (idst) in 100 and 80% of experimental and clinical flea allergic dogs, respectively. using solid-phase enzyme-linked immuno assay (elisa), this protein detected ige in 100 and 80% of experimental and clinical flea allergic dogs, respectively. a cdna (pfsi) encoding a full-length cte f 1 protein was isolated from a c. felis salivary gland cdna library, using a combination of pcr ... | 2000 | 11074254 |
| avermectins and flea control: structure-activity relationships and the selection of selamectin for development as an endectocide for companion animals. | evaluation of a wide range of avermectin derivatives for flea activity in an in vitro feeding screen using the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis, revealed a narrow structure-activity relationship (sar) with activity surprisingly associated with monosaccharides and especially their c-5-oximes. we discovered commercially exploitable flea activity in a single compound, selamectin 33, which also possessed the necessary antiparasitic spectrum and margin of safety for development as a broad-spectrum com ... | 2000 | 11003146 |
| evaluation of the catandog's tag to prevent flea infestations, inhibit flea reproduction or repel existing flea infestations on cats. | to evaluate the ability of the catandog's tag to eliminate fleas, inhibit egg production and prevent flea infestations, six domestic shorthaired cats were randomly allocated to two treatment groups and housed individually in stainless steel metabolic cages. three cats were each fitted with a catandog's tag; the other three cats were not fitted with tags and served as controls. following a 42-day acclimation period, each of the six cats was infested with 100, 1-3 day post-emergence, adult ctenoce ... | 2000 | 10996742 |
| pupation site selection of cat fleas (siphonaptera: pulicidae) in various carpet types and its influence on insecticide efficacy. | pupation sites of cat flea, ctenocephalides felis (bouché), larvae were determined in three styles of nylon and one style of wool carpet. nylon saxony carpet had 59.3% of pupae at the top of the pile and 40% at the base of the pile. in nylon contract carpet, 55.2% of pupae were found at the top, 42.6% in the middle, and only 2.2% at the base of the pile. nylon loop carpet contained 59.2% of pupae at the base, 25.5% in the middle, and 15.3% in the top of the pile. wool loop carpet had 92.4% at th ... | 2000 | 10985057 |
| a comparison of jump performances of the dog flea, ctenocephalides canis (curtis, 1826) and the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis felis (bouché, 1835). | jump performances of ctenocephalides canis and ctenocephalides felis felis have been measured and compared on unfed young imagos. the mean length of the c. felis felis jump was 19.9+/-9.1cm; minimum jump was 2cm, and the maximum was one 48cm. the c. canis jump was significantly longer (30.4+/-9.1cm; from 3 to 50cm). for height jump evaluation, grey plastic cylindric tubes measuring 9cm in diameter were used. their height was increasing from 1 to 30cm by 1cm. groups of 10 fleas of the same specie ... | 2000 | 10962162 |
| efficacy of selamectin administered topically to pregnant and lactating female dogs in the treatment and prevention of adult roundworm (toxocara canis) infections and flea (ctenocephalides felis felis) infestations in the dams and their pups. | the efficacy of selamectin in the treatment and prevention of naturally acquired toxocara canis infections and experimentally induced flea (ctenocephalides felis felis) infestations in dams and their suckling pups was evaluated by administering selamectin to the adult females only, approximately 40 and 10 days before parturition and 10 and 40 days after parturition. unit doses of the commercial formulation of selamectin were administered to the dams to provide at least the minimum recommended do ... | 2000 | 10940534 |
| efficacy of selamectin in the treatment and prevention of flea (ctenocephalides felis felis) infestations on dogs and cats housed in simulated home environments. | the efficacy of selamectin, a novel avermectin, in protecting dogs and cats against experimentally induced environmental flea (ctenocephalides felis felis) infestations, was evaluated in a series of controlled and masked studies. purpose-bred shorthaired cats and beagles were randomly allocated to treatment with either selamectin at a minimum dosage of 6mgkg(-1) of body weight in the commercial formulation or the negative control treatment (vehicle only), and housed in controlled simulated home ... | 2000 | 10940523 |
| evaluation of the effects of selamectin against adult and immature stages of fleas (ctenocephalides felis felis) on dogs and cats. | the adulticidal, ovicidal, and larvicidal effects of selamectin against flea (ctenocephalides felis felis) infestations on dogs and cats were evaluated in a series of seven controlled and masked studies (three in cats, four in dogs). animals were randomly allocated to treatment with either selamectin at a minimum dosage of 6mgkg(-1) in the commercial formulation or one of two negative-controls (0.9% nacl solution or the vehicle from the commercial formulation). treatments were administered topic ... | 2000 | 10940522 |
| efficacy of selamectin against adult flea infestations (ctenocephalides felis felis and ctenocephalides canis) on dogs and cats. | selamectin was evaluated in eight controlled studies (4 in dogs, 4 in cats) to determine the efficacy of a single topical unit dose providing the recommended minimum dosage of 6mgkg(-1) against ctenocephalides felis felis and ctenocephalides canis fleas on dogs and against c. felis on cats. in addition, the effect of bathing on the efficacy of selamectin against c. felis was evaluated. identical studies were performed in beagles and domestic shorthaired cats. for each study, animals were allocat ... | 2000 | 10940521 |
| dose selection of selamectin for efficacy against adult fleas (ctenocephalides felis felis) on dogs and cats. | selamectin, a novel avermectin, was evaluated in two controlled studies (one in beagles, one in domestic shorthaired cats) to determine an appropriate topical dose for efficacy against adult ctenocephalides felis felis (c. felis) fleas on dogs and cats for 1 month. for each study, animals were allocated randomly to four treatments. one treatment consisted of the inert formulation ingredients (vehicle) administered as a negative control, and the other three treatments consisted of a single topica ... | 2000 | 10940520 |
| infection and seroconversion of cats exposed to cat fleas (ctenocephalides felis bouché) infected with rickettsia felis. | cats with no prior exposure to cat fleas were exposed to fleas infected with rickettsia felis and monitored monthly for seroconversion via an indirect fluorescent assay (ifa). each of 12 cats continually infested with fleas, seroconverted by four months post-exposure. three of six cats fed on by 50 fleas for 15 minutes once per week also seroconverted by month four. rickettsia felis dna was detected by pcr in the blood of five of the 16 cats. | 2000 | 10925806 |
| the effects of flea egg consumption on larval cat flea (siphonaptera: pulicidae) development. | cat flea larvae feeding on the feces of adult fleas that were maintained on cats and were provided with frozen flea eggs ad libitum each consumed an average of 21.7 +/- 3.9 eggs and developed rapidly with 100% adult emergence. in contrast, 93.4% of larvae held individually and provided with only flea feces did not survive to the adult stage. developing larvae consumed eggs in the presence of yeast and rearing diet. in a second experiment, larvae provided with flea feces and eggs and maintained a ... | 2000 | 10925802 |
| first bloodmeal of ctenocephalides felis felis (siphonaptera: pulicidae) on cats: time to initiation and duration of feeding. | three experiments were conducted on cats to evaluate precocity and duration of the first blood meal of ctenocephalides felis felis (bouché). percentage of engorged fleas was calculated for fleas held on cats for 5, 15, 30, and 60 min. duration of first blood meal was also measured for individual fleas confined on cats. when fleas are free in the hair coat, 24.9% are engorged after 5 min and 97.2% are engorged after 1 h. fleas confined to a vial on the cats fed significantly sooner; 60% of female ... | 2000 | 10916307 |
| development of an assay for the screening of compounds against larvae of the cat flea (siphonaptera: pulicidae). | larvae of the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis (bouché), are the target of numerous growth regulators. this study explores the development of an assay that tests the susceptibility of cat flea larvae to a wide range of compounds. different rearing media and containment units were tested that would facilitate optimization. larvae of various ages were compared, and 7-d-old larvae were found to be optimal because they were the most uniform in size and age and exhibited a need to feed. the assay coul ... | 2000 | 10916298 |
| effect of pyriproxyfen in the blood diet of cat fleas on adult survival, egg viability, and larval development. | the activity of pyriproxyfen in the blood diet was investigated for its efficacy against adult, egg, and larval stages of the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis (bouché). adult fleas were housed in plastic cages and fed treated bovine blood using an artificial membrane system that allows fleas to feed ad libitum through a parafilm membrane. control fleas received blood without pyriproxyfen. results showed that ingested pyriproxyfen was relatively nontoxic to adult fleas over a period of 10 d at con ... | 2000 | 10916290 |
| [notes on fleas (siphonaptera) of the fox cerdocyon thous (canidae) from an endemic area of visceral leishmaniasis in jacobina, bahia, brazil]. | from july to september of 1998, 152 fleas were collected from 18 specimens of the fox cerdocyon thous captured in the visceral leishmaniasis endemic area of jacobina, state of bahia, brazil. the fleas were identified as: 136 rhopalopsyllus lutzi lutzi, 11 pulex irritans, 2 ctenocephalides canis, 1 ctenocephalides felis felis and 2 xenopsylla cheopis. | 2000 | 10881126 |
| a primary animal health care approach to treatment and control of flea (ctenocephalides felis) infestation in indigenous goats kept on communal grazing. | this paper describes a primary health care approach to an infestation of indigenous goats by the common cat flea, ctenocephalides felis. the flea species was identified using scanning electron microscopy. the infested goats were kept on communal grazing at winterveld in the north-west province. they were penned at night in housing made of wire and corrugated iron. the owner complained that the goats were lethargic. fleas were found on the goats and flea larvae were found in the kraal. haematolog ... | 1999 | 10855818 |
| inhibition of immature ctenocephalides felis felis (siphonaptera: pulicidae) development in the immediate environment of cats treated with imidacloprid. | the hypothesis that dermally applied imidacloprid may transfer from treated cats, felis catus l., to their immediate environment in quantities sufficient to have a significant effect on developing immature cat fleas, ctenocephalides felis (bouché), was tested in a controlled experiment. flea eggs harvested from untreated donor cats were incubated on replicated samples from blankets used by treated or untreated cats under standardized conditions. as compared with controls, the percentage of adult ... | 2000 | 10730492 |
| dose titration of an injectable formulation of lufenuron in cats experimentally infested with fleas. | to identify the lowest single dose of lufenuron injected s.c. that results in a 90% disruption of the flea (ctenocephalides felis) life cycle for 6 months in cats. | 1999 | 10622160 |
| susceptibility to insect growth regulators and cuticle deposition of the cat flea (siphonaptera: pulicidae) as a function of age. | wandering larval, pharate pupal, pupal, and pharate adult stages of the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis (bouché), were identified by examination of cuticular cross sections via scanning electron microscopy. visible morphological characteristics of each stage were identified and described. various stages of the flea throughout metamorphosis were exposed to juvenile hormone mimics and insect developmental inhibitors. wandering larvae treated with juvenile hormone mimics were unable to pupate, wher ... | 1999 | 10593081 |
| emergence, survival, and fecundity of adult cat fleas (siphonaptera: pulicidae) exposed as pupae to juvenile hormone mimics. | cat flea, ctenocephalides felis felis (bouché), adults exposed to sprays of methoprene, pyriproxyfen, or fenoxycarb as cocooned pupae emerged approximately 1 d earlier than adults from water-treated control pupae. mortality of adult fleas, after exposure to juvenile hormone mimics as pupae, was increased over that of controls. females had higher mortality than males within the first 48 h of feeding. fecundity of females exposed as pupae to juvenile hormone mimics was not different from that of c ... | 1999 | 10593080 |
| effect of temperature and the synergist piperonyl butoxide on imidacloprid toxicity to the cat flea (siphonaptera: pulicidae). | the toxicity of imidacloprid to cat fleas on glass was investigated at 20, 26, 30, and 35 degrees c. imidacloprid was most toxic to adult cat fleas at 35 degrees c and to larvae at 20 degrees c. piperonyl butoxide (pbo), a synergist, increased the relative potency of imidacloprid (1:5 imidacloprid:pbo) 16-fold at 26 degrees c against adults, but had no effect at 35 degrees c. no synergism occurred in larvae at 20 degrees c, but addition of pbo (1:5 imidacloprid:pbo) doubled toxicity at 26 degree ... | 1999 | 10582048 |
| putative salivary allergens of the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis felis. | the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis felis, is the major initiator of flea bite hypersensitivity in dogs. previous analyses of whole extracts of the flea and flea salivary secretions have failed to identify the allergens responsible. we dissected >2000 salivary glands from adult female fleas, extracted them into buffered saline containing protease inhibitors and fractionated the extract using gel permeation hplc. dogs were classified as hypersensitive to fleas (flea-feeding positive, ff+) or inse ... | 1999 | 10507308 |
| prevalence of the cat flea ctenocephalides felis and oocyte development during autumn and winter in leicester city, u.k. | 1999 | 10484171 | |
| mode of action of lufenuron in adult ctenocephalides felis (siphonaptera: pulicidae). | when cat fleas, ctenocephalides felis (bouché), were fed concentrations of lufenuron in cattle blood ranging from 0.5 to 4 ppm, adult mortality increased in a dose-dependent manner to a maximum of approximately 24% over a period of 10 d. fleas treated with 0.5 ppm produced abnormal endocuticle consisting of protein globules embedded in an amorphous chitin matrix. at concentrations of 1.0 ppm or greater, endocuticle formation was inhibited. ultrastructural studies demonstrated that inhibition of ... | 1999 | 10467778 |
| effects of imidacloprid on adult and larval stages of the flea ctenocephalides felis after in vivo and in vitro application: a light- and electron-microscopy study. | the effects of imidacloprid (advantage) on the larval and adult stages of cat fleas (ctenocephalides felis) were studied in vivo and in vitro by means of light and electron microscopy. it was found that: 1. the compound acted rapidly on both larval and adult fleas, killing both stages within 20 min of contact. 2. when applied as a spot-on to the skin of dogs, the compound localized in the water-resistant lipid layer of the skin surface and in the hairs but not in the blood. 3. thus, the compound ... | 1999 | 10431725 |
| arthropod parasites of nubian ibexes (capra ibex nubiana) and gazelles (gazella gazella) in israel. | in a 20-year survey the following ectoparasites were collected from nubian ibexes: larvae of an unidentified oestrus sp. collected from the nasal cavities, sinuses and horns, hippoboscid flies (lipoptena chalcomelaena) specific to the nubian ibex, blood sucking lice (linognathus africanus) and unidentified biting lice (damalinia sp.). ibexes were severely infested with the cattle tick, boophilus annulatus; a few hyalomma anatolicum excavatum ticks were also collected. in five ibexes kept in two ... | 1999 | 10392972 |
| spray-dried bovine blood: an effective laboratory diet for ctenocephalides felis felis (siphonaptera: pulicidae). | commercially available spray-dried protein sources were evaluated as replacement laboratory cat flea, ctenocephalides felis felis (bouché), larval diets for slaughterhouse-collected heat-dried blood. percentage of adult emergence of fleas reared on adult flea feces (87.7%) and spray-dried bovine blood (79%) did not significantly differ, and yeast supplementation did not significantly increase adult emergence for spray-dried diets. however, yeast supplementation of heat-dried blood increased perc ... | 1999 | 10337086 |
| activity of a deltamethrin shampoo against ctenocephalides felis and rhipicephalus sanguineus in dogs. | a controlled clinical trial was undertaken to assess the efficacy of an application of a 0.07% deltamethrin shampoo against fleas and ticks in dogs. twenty beagles, housed in separate cages, were randomly allocated into two groups of 10. the dogs were infested with 50 ctenocephalides felis and 50 rhipicephalus sanguineus each, and parasites were counted 24 h (fleas) and 72 h (ticks) later (day 0). dogs, when state, were then treated with 25 ml of a shampoo containing 0.07% deltamethrin (group 1) ... | 1999 | 10206106 |
| outdoor survival and development of immature cat fleas (siphonaptera: pulicidae) in florida. | in north-central florida, cat flea, ctenocephalides felis felis bouché, larvae survived outdoors year round. their survival was greatest (up to 84.6%) outdoors in the fall, from september to november, when both temperatures and relative humidities were moderate. female cat fleas developed faster than males. development times for flea larvae were shortest (20-24 d) in june and july. from january to march, flea larval mortality was highest (91.7-100%) and development times the longest (36-50 d) ou ... | 1999 | 10083759 |
| chorion formation and ultrastructure of the egg of the cat flea (siphonaptera: pulicidae). | oocyte development in adult female cat fleas, ctenocephalides felis (bouché), was studied by light and electron microscopy to determine the formation and ultrastructural morphology of the eggshell. as oocytes develop, somatic follicle cells from the lining of the ovariole migrate around the oocytes. the follicle cells produce electron-dense granules that form the vitelline membrane around the developing oocyte. subsequently, electron-lucent granules containing an electron-dense core (precursors ... | 1999 | 10083751 |
| effect of lufenuron on chorionic and cuticular structure of unhatched larval ctenocephalides felis (siphonaptera: pulicidae). | when adult cat fleas, ctenocephalides felis (bouché), were fed concentrations of < or = 0.08 ppm lufenuron in cattle blood, egg hatch did not differ significantly from the controls. however, as the concentration of lufenuron in blood increased from 0.125 to 1.0 ppm egg hatch decreased to 64 and 2%, respectively. most of these eggs contained fully developed larvae. microscopic examination of unhatched larvae, revealed that the cuticle epidermal cells, chorion, and vitelline membrane all were affe ... | 1999 | 10071499 |
| cloning of a family of serine protease genes from the cat flea ctenocephalides felis. | serine protease gene fragments approximately 480 nucleotides in length were amplified from ctenocephalides felis larval and adult cdna libraries using degenerate oligonucleotide pcr primers. partial clones of thirty-eight distinct serine protease encoding sequences were isolated, and nineteen different full-length cdnas encoding mature serine proteases were subsequently cloned and sequenced. all of the mature proteases contained the histidine, aspartic acid and serine amino acids of the catalyti ... | 1999 | 9927170 |
| characterization of apyrase activity from the salivary glands of the cat flea ctenocephalides felis. | apyrase activity (atp diphosphohydrolase, ec 3.6.1.5) was detected in salivary glands of the cat flea ctenocephalides felis. whole extracts of salivary glands contain approximately 21 ng of protein, 145 u/mg adp'ase and 158 u/mg atp'ase activity; amp is not hydrolysed by salivary gland extracts. deae-sepharose cl-6b anion exchange chromatography, and cibacron blue affinity chromatography each give a single coincident peak of adp/atp'ase activity. biogel p-100 gel filtration of salivary gland hom ... | 1998 | 9887518 |
| severe cat flea infestation of dairy calves in brazil. | an investigation was conducted into a severe flea infestation on dairy calves. inspection of the dairy revealed a high infestation of ctenocephalides felis felis on four calves and thousands of fleas in the stable where cows and calves were brought in for milking. a 3-month-old female calf was highly infested with fleas. the animal showed an evident lethargy, weight loss, as well as pale mucous membranes and dehydration. hematological analysis revealed anemia, with 10% packed cell volume and a 1 ... | 1998 | 9877075 |
| mode of action of lufenuron on larval cat fleas (siphonaptera: pulicidae). | adult cat fleas, ctenocephalides felis (bouché), were fed suboptimal in vitro concentrations of lufenuron in blood to allow hatching of flea larvae for cytological study. at concentrations of 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 ppm, larval hatch was 64, 15, and 4%, respectively. larvae hatching from eggs laid by adults fed lufenuron at concentrations of 0.025, 0.08, or 0.125 ppm did not differ significantly from the control. however, many larvae from the 0.08-ppm group and higher concentrations died during the ... | 1998 | 9775600 |
| experimental infection of domestic cats with bartonella henselae by inoculation of ctenocephalides felis (siphonaptera: pulicidae) feces. | caged cat fleas, ctenocephalides felis (bouché), were fed on 6 cats; 3 cats were injected with 5 x 10(7) colony forming units of bartonella henselae intradermally and 3 cats were injected with an equal volume of saline. after the fleas fed for 4 d, 5 groups of 50 b. henselae-exposed fleas were caged and allowed to feed on 5 cats for 6 d. five cats each were injected intradermally with 1 ml of saline containing 45 mg of feces from b. henselae-exposed fleas. five cats were fed 50 b. henselae-expos ... | 1998 | 9775583 |
| antifeeding effect of several insecticidal formulations against ctenocephalides felis on cats. | evaluation of insecticidal activity of flea products is generally based on counting live fleas in the animal's coat 24 and 48 hours following artificial infestation. this approach, however, does not allow to specify whether the fleas have had the opportunity to bite and take a bloodmeal prior to their death. to address this question, 30 cats were alloted to six groups of five animals. each cat was housed in a separate cage. at day 0, each group of cats received a single treatment as follows: gro ... | 1998 | 9754302 |
| review of insecticide resistance in cat fleas (siphonaptera: pulicidae). | insecticide resistance often is blamed for failures of insecticides to control cat fleas, ctenocephalides felis (bouché). yet the genetics and adaptive advantage of resistance traits remain unexamined. lethal doses of insecticides that kill 50% of the population fluctuate 7-fold within a cat flea strain. many reports of flea resistance may be attributable to variable mortality from effects of solvents, substrates, humidities, temperatures, colonization, and ages of fleas. resistance ratios (rati ... | 1998 | 9701921 |
| molecular identification of rickettsia typhi and r. felis in co-infected ctenocephalides felis (siphonaptera: pulicidae). | rickettsia typhi and r. felis, 2 closely related rickettsial species, often have been identified in cat fleas, ctenocephalides felis (bouché) from the same geographical location. however, no fleas have been found to be naturally infected concurrently with both rickettsial species. to examine whether one rickettsial species can develop simultaneously with another species in the same flea host, cat fleas, naturally infected with r. felis, were allowed to feed on blood containing r. typhi (ethiopia ... | 1998 | 9701920 |
| quantitation of cat immunoglobulins in the hemolymph of cat fleas (siphonaptera: pulicidae) after feeding on blood. | passage of ingested cat immunoglobulin g (igg) into the hemocoel of cat fleas, ctenocephalides felis (bouché), was examined using antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) and western blotting. fleas were fed heparinized cat blood via membrane feeders. cat igg was present in the hemolymph of engorged female fleas 1 h after ingestion at an estimated quantity of 35 +/- 14 micrograms/ml. the prevalence of fleas with demonstrable cat igg in their hemolymph 1 h after feeding was 100 ... | 1998 | 9701919 |
| what's eating you? ctenocephalides fleas (dog and cat fleas). | 1998 | 9675525 | |
| host grooming efficiency for regulation of cat flea (siphonaptera: pulicidae) populations. | grooming efficiency was studied by infesting domestic short-hair cats, felis catus l., with known numbers of cat fleas, ctenocephalides felis felis bouché, then collecting the cat feces and extracting the fleas to determine how many had been groomed off, varying the infestation level. some hosts were found to be significantly more efficient at grooming fleas than others, with the best groomer removing 17.6% of its flea burden daily, compared with only 4.1% removed by the poorest groomer. cats we ... | 1998 | 9615545 |
| evaluation of flea control strategies using fipronil on cats in a controlled simulated home environment. | three groups of six cats were kept in similar carpeted pens in which a self-replicating population of ctenocephalides felis had been established. one group was left untreated, but the other groups were treated every 28th day with 0.5 ml of a 10 per cent fipronil spot-on formulation, and the cats in one of the treated groups also wore a methoprene collar. no fleas were found on any of the treated cats, either during the first 13 weeks of the study, when heavy flea burdens were developing in the c ... | 1998 | 9587197 |
| effects of azadirachtin on ctenocephalides felis in the dog and the cat. | azadirachtin-containing neem seed extract is a powerful insect growth regulator, a feeding deterrent and repellent with low toxicity. unfortunately, azadirachtin degrades rapidly in light, excessive heat or alkalinity. evaluations of azadirachtin on ectoparasites on animals have been scarce. the purpose of this work was to describe the effects of normal and potentiated azadirachtin on ctenocephalides felis in the dog or cat. groups of kennelled greyhounds and domestic cats infested with c. felis ... | 1998 | 9561713 |
| comparative activity in dogs of deltamethrin- and diazinon-impregnated collars against ctenocephalides felis. | to compare effectiveness of deltamethrin- and diazinon-impregnated collars against fleas (ctenocephalides felis) in an experimental infestation. | 1998 | 9442245 |
| [differential diagnosis of medically relevant flea species and their significance in dermatology]. | different flea species may infest humans temporarily. such arthropods should be considered as a possible cause of erythematous and pruritic papules and nodules of unclear origin. bites from animal fleas can be seen in people with close contact to domestic or wild animals. this dermatosis may often be misdiagnosed. several flea species including pulex irritans, ctenocephalides canis, ctenocephalides felis, ceratophyllus gallinae, ceratophyllus columbae and archaeopsylla erinacei may infest human ... | 1997 | 9441163 |
| comparison of flea control strategies using imidacloprid or lufenuron on cats in a controlled simulated home environment. | to compare the effect of monthly treatments with imidacloprid (an adulticide) or lufenuron (an insect development inhibitor) for protecting cats against ctenocephalides felis felis in a simulated home environment. | 1997 | 9361889 |
| an apparent flea-allergy dermatitis in kids and lambs. | heavy infestation of lambs in two herds and kids in one herd with the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis felis, accompanied by severe anaemia, eosinophilia and exudative dermatitis, is described. flea infestation was more widespread during the summer months, when optimal climatic conditions for flea development prevail. the clinical and histological findings are discussed in the light of the pertinent literature. recovery of the affected animals and normalization of the haematological values were o ... | 1997 | 9360467 |
| efficacy of imidacloprid for removal and control of fleas (ctenocephalides felis) on dogs. | to evaluate efficacy of a 9.1% (w/w) imidacloprid solution, applied topically, to remove fleas from dogs and the duration of residual flea control when dogs were exposed to continuing flea infestation. | 1997 | 9256968 |
| the fleas (siphonaptera) of tennessee. | thirty-three species of fleas are recorded from the state of tennessee. new state records are reported for two species, the pulicid fleas euhoplopsyllus glacialis affinis and pulex simulans. two species of fleas with catholic feeding habits appear to be especially widespread and abundant in tennessee. these are the pulicid ctenocephalides felis which parasitizes cats, dogs, humans, opossums, and other medium to large sized mammals, and the hystrichopsyllid ctenophthalmus pseudagyrtes which is as ... | 1997 | 9221734 |
| effects of larval nutrition on the postembryonic development of ctenocephalides felis felis (siphonaptera:pulicidae). | dry blood from mammals and birds was used as larval diet for the development of the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis felis (bouché), in the laboratory. diets that contained host blood and cornmeal heated at 40 degrees c for 30 min were inadequate for most larvae to form pupae. development time from 1st instar to adult ranged from 30 to 33 d. except for the diet containing mastomys blood, the diets that consisted of blood alone from other hosts air dried at room temperature contained sufficient nu ... | 1997 | 9220685 |
| effect of juvenile hormone and juvenile hormone mimics on sperm transfer from the testes of the male cat flea (siphonaptera:pulicidae). | sperm transfer into the epididymis was completed without a blood meal, when newly emerged male cat fleas. ctenocephalides felis (bouché), were exposed to filter papers treated with juvenile hormone iii or the juvenile hormone mimics fenoxycarb, methoprene, or pyriproxyfen. as the concentration of juvenile hormone or the time of flea exposure to juvenile hormone or the juvenile hormone mimics increased, the percentage of fleas that transferred sperm also increased. the percentage of pyriproxyfen- ... | 1997 | 9220683 |
| susceptibility of the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis (siphonaptera: pulicidae) to four pyrethroids. | the amounts of active ingredient required to kill adult ctenocephalides felis fleas on filter insecticide impregnated papers were determined in an attempt to compare the activity of different active ingredients. the following compounds were tested: bioallethrin, deltamethrin, esbiothrin and permethrin. the ld50 and ld90 against ctenocephalides felis were 121 and 770 mg/m2 respectively for bioallethrin, and 161 and 671 mg/m2 respectively for esbiothrin. for deltamethrin and permethrin, the ld50 w ... | 1997 | 9208036 |
| [cat scratch disease and associated infections]. | cat scratch disease (csd) was first described in france by debré et al. in 1950, yet the causative bacterial agent of csd remained obscure until 1992, when bartonella (formerly rochalimaea) henselae was implicated in csd by serological and microbiologic studies. b. henselae had been linked initially to bacillary angiomatosis (ba), but also bacillary peliosis, relapsing bacteremia and endocarditis. cats are healthy carriers of b. henselae and b. clarridgeiae, and can be bacteremic for months to y ... | 1997 | 9203735 |
| culture-negative endocarditis: contribution of bartonella infections. | two cases of bartonella endocarditis are described: one in a 55 year old homeless alcoholic man, caused by bartonella quintana; the other in a 41 year old male with a history of exposure to cat fleas, caused by b henselae. serological testing and polymerase chain reaction of the excised valves were used to identify the organisms. false positive serology for chlamydia was detected in one case. | 1997 | 9196420 |
| salivary antigens of the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis felis. | the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis felis, is the major cause of flea bite hypersensitivity (fbh) in dogs and cats, yet little progress has been reported on identifying the antigens responsible. we obtained flea salivary antigens by washing secretions from containers probed by the mouthparts of fleas, and by extracting whole flea salivary glands. mice were exposed to feeding fleas to generate antibodies to salivary antigens injected in vivo. the sera were tested for antibodies against the saliva ... | 1997 | 9121836 |
| effect of temperature on cat flea (siphonaptera:pulicidae) development and overwintering. | cat fleas, ctenocephalides felis (bouché), were reared at different temperatures to examine further the effects on egg-to-adult development and emergence of adults from cocoons. three different temperatures (26.7, 21.1, and 15.5 degrees c) were used to rear fleas. emergence of adults from cocoons was monitored using 2 experimental designs-cocoons maintained in groups and cocoons individually isolated. at cooler temperatures, cocoons kept in groups had a higher incidence of late-emerging adults t ... | 1997 | 9103760 |
| duration of activity of imidacloprid, a novel adulticide for flea control, against ctenocephalides felis on cats. | 1997 | 9080645 | |
| use of injectable lufenuron for treatment of infestations of ctenocephalides felis in cats. | to determine whether and for how long a single dose of a new injectable formulation of lufenuron would successfully control experimentally induced ctenocephalides felis infestations in cats. | 1997 | 9028476 |
| cat-scratch disease and bacillary angiomatosis. | cat-scratch disease (csd) was first described by debré in 1950, yet the causative bacterial agent of csd remained obscure until 1992, when bartonella (formerly rochalimaea) henselae was implicated in csd by serological and microbiological studies. b. henselae had initially been linked to bacillary angiomatosis (ba), a vascular proliferative disease most commonly associated with long-standing human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection or other significant immunosuppression. b. henselae has also ... | 1996 | 9025151 |
| the biology, ecology, and management of the cat flea. | the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis felis, is the most important ectoparasite of domestic cats and dogs worldwide. in addition to its annoyance to pets and humans, c. felis felis is responsible for flea bite allergy dermatitis and the transmission of dog tapeworm. the abiotic and biotic factors that affect the development of immature stages are reviewed with special emphasis given to those aspects directly affecting control. factors influencing host selection and feeding by adults are summarized ... | 1997 | 9017899 |
| a novel approach to flea control on cats, using pyriproxyfen. | pyriproxyfen is a new insect growth regulator with potent activity against developing stages of the cat flea, ctenocephalides felis. to determine its duration of action after application as a spot-on topical treatment, 20 cats were allocated to two groups. one group acted as untreated controls, and each cat in the other was given a single dose of 1 mg/kg pyriproxyfen. each cat was infected with fleas at weekly intervals and caged. eggs were collected and their viability determined as a measure o ... | 1996 | 8972067 |
| insecticide susceptibility of cat flea (siphonaptera: pulicidae) pupae. | studies were conducted to investigate what protective nature the cocoon and nylon carpeting has against the performance of insecticides directed at cat flea, ctenocephalides felis (bouché), pupae developing in carpet. the following 5 combinations of life stages and substrates were used in these tests were: (1) larvae that pupated in carpet, (2) cocoons placed in carpet, (3) naked pupae placed in carpet, (4) cocoons placed on filter paper, and (5) naked pupae placed on filter paper. these studies ... | 1996 | 8934826 |
| rickettsia felis: a new species of pathogenic rickettsia isolated from cat fleas. | a flea-borne rickettsia, previously referred to as elb, has been implicated as a cause of human illness. using sequence data obtained from a fragment of the citrate synthase gene, we compared elb, rickettsia australis, r. rickettsii, and r. akari with the louse-borne r. prowazekii. we tallied 24 base pair differences between elb and r. prowazekii and 25 between r. rickettsii and r. prowazekii; there were 30 base pair differences between r. australis and r. prowazekii and 29 between r. akari and ... | 1996 | 8904435 |
| insecticidal effects of the insect growth regulators methoprene and pyriproxyfen on the cat flea (siphonaptera:pulicidae). | residual effectiveness of the insect growth regulators pyriproxyfen and methoprene against cat flea, ctenocephalides felis (bouché), larvae were evaluated under simulated household conditions. pyriproxyfen provided control of larvae for > 12 mo when applied at 1 mg and 0.2 mg/m2 and > or = 3 mo at the rate of 0.04 mg/m2. methoprene applied at 1 mg/m2 provided control for > 12 mo and 6 mo at 0.2 mg/m2. no significant mortality was observed when methoprene was applied at 0.04 mg/m2. | 1996 | 8840689 |
| experimental transmission of bartonella henselae by the cat flea. | bartonella henselae is an emerging bacterial pathogen, causing cat scratch disease and bacillary angiomatosis. cats bacteremic with b. henselae constitute a large reservoir from which humans become infected. prevention of human infection depends on elucidation of the natural history and means of feline infection. we studied 47 cattery cats in a private home for 12 months to determine the longitudinal prevalence of b. henselae bacteremia, the prevalence of b. henselae in the fleas infesting these ... | 1996 | 8818889 |
| activity of insecticides applied to turfgrass to control adult cat fleas (siphonaptera:pulicidae). | a bioassay was developed to determine the efficacy of insecticides against adult cat fleas, ctenocephalides felis (bouché), on turfgrass. activity was assessed by exposing adult fleas to treated and untreated disks of turf for 24 h, 1 and 7 d after treatment. filter paper, a representative nonwaxy, porous substrate was bioassayed in similar fashion 1 d after treatment to confirm insecticide activity. results demonstrated the relative efficacy of insecticides applied to turf at different rates as ... | 1996 | 8768891 |