Publications

degradation of diphenyl ether herbicides by the lignin-degrading basidiomycete coriolus versicolor.	under ligninolytic conditions, the white-rot basidiomycete coriolus versicolor metabolized chloronitrofen (2, 4, 6-trichloro-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether; cnp) and nitrofen (2, 4-dichloro-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether, nip), which constitute the largest class of commercially produced diphenyl ether herbicides. the pathway of cnp degradation was elucidated by the identification of fungal metabolites upon addition of cnp and its metabolic intermediates. the metabolic pathway was initially branched to form four ...	2001	11762605
transformation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol by free and immobilized fungal laccase.	laccase from the white rot fungus coriolus versicolor was immobilized on celite r-637 by covalent binding with glutaraldehyde. after a sharp primary decline in activity (up to 50%), the retained enzyme activity was stable over a storage period of 33 days at 4 degrees c. a comparative study of soluble and immobilized laccases revealed the increased resistance of immobilized enzyme to the unfavourable effects of alkaline ph, high temperature and the action of inhibitors. a combination of these pro ...	2001	11693939
decolorization of reactive dyes by the white rot fungus trametes versicolor in sequencing batch reactors.	the white rot fungus trametes versicolor was shown to be capable of decolorizing three reactive dyes in a sequencing batch process, using glucose as the carbon and energy source over an extended period without supplementation of new mycelium. decolorization activity was related to the expression of extracellular peroxidases and could be continuously reactivated by sheering the suspended pellets. pure culture experiments were carried out simultaneously in agitated erlenmeyer flasks and in complet ...	2001	11590604
examination of lectins, polysaccharopeptide, polysaccharide, alkaloid, coumarin and trypsin inhibitors for inhibitory activity against human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase and glycohydrolases.	a variety of lectins were tested in vitro for inhibitory action against the activities of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) reverse transcriptase and the n-glycohydrolases (alpha-glucosidase, beta-glucosidase and beta-glucuronidase). lectins from phaseolus vulgaris, momordica charantia, ricinus communis and its constituent chains, and agaricus bisporus were able to inhibit hiv-1 reverse transcriptase. p. vulgaris lectin and a. bisporus lectin were the most potent. the aforementioned le ...	2001	11582548
evaluation of polysaccharopeptide effects against c6 glioma in combination with radiation.	long-term control of high-grade brain tumors is rarely achieved with current therapeutic regimens. the major goal of this study was to determine whether polysaccharopeptide (psp), a crude polysaccharide peptide extract derived from coriolus versicolor, a fungus, could enhance the effects of radiation against glioma cells in culture and in xenografted tumors in vivo. psp significantly augmented radiation-induced damage to c6 rat glioma cells in vitro. nude mice injected subcutaneously with the c6 ...	2001	11574781
entrapment of white-rot fungus trametes versicolor in ca-alginate beads: preparation and biosorption kinetic analysis for cadmium removal from an aqueous solution.	the biosorption of cadmium ions onto entrapped trametes versicolor mycelia has been studied in a batch system. the maximum experimental biosorption capacities for entrapped live and dead fungal mycelia of t. versicolor were found as 102.3 +/- 3.2 mg cd(ii) g(-1) and 120.6 +/- 3.8 mg cd(ii) g(-1), respectively. biosorption equilibrium was established in about 1 h and biosorption was well described by the langmuir and freundlich biosorption isotherms. the change in the biosorption capacity with ti ...	2001	11563702
fungicidal activity of beta-thujaplicin analogues.	the fungicidal activity of analogues of beta-thujaplicin, a natural product responsible for the durability of heartwood of several cupressaceous trees, was investigated in vitro on the growth of different white and brown rot fungi involved in wood biodegradation, coriolus versicolor, phanerochaete chrysosporium, poria placenta and gloephyllum trabeum. the study shows that 2-hydroxycyclohepta-2,4,6-trienone (tropolone), easily prepared according to a literature procedure, possesses interesting fu ...	2001	11561410
decolorization of orange ii dye by white-rot fungi.	agitation, temperature, inoculum size, initial ph and ph of buffered medium affected the decolorization of orange ii dye by coriolus versicolor and funalia trogii. the optimum temperature and initial ph value for decolorization were 30 degrees c and 6.5-7.0, respectively; ph 4.5 was the most efficient in buffered cultures. high decolorization extents were reached at all agitation rates. at an inoculum size of more than 1 ml, the extent of decolorization changed only slightly. high extents were o ...	2001	11501402
industrial and agricultural wastes as substrates for laccase production by white-rot fungi.	white-rot fungi, coriolus versicolor and funalia trogii, produced laccase on media with diluted olive-oil mill wastewater and vinasse. addition of spent cotton stalks enhanced the laccase activity with a maximum after 12 d of cultivation.	2001	11501400
genetic transformation of trametes versicolor to phleomycin resistance with the dominant selectable marker shble.	we have developed a stable, dna-mediated transformation system for the white-rot basidiomycete trametes versicolor based on the dominant selectable marker shble (phleomycin resistance). we employed a vector containing the selectable marker under control of expression sequences from the basidiomycete schizophyllum commune and a polyethylene glycol/ cacl2 protoplast-fusion technique to introduce the transforming dna. this transformation system generated stable phleomycin-resistant transformants at ...	2001	11499931
transformation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol by the white rot fungi panus tigrinus and coriolus versicolor.	the toxicity of thirteen isomers of mono-, di-, tri- and pentachlorophenols was tested in potato-dextrose agar cultures of the white rot fungi panus tigrinus and coriolus versicolor. 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-tcp) was chosen for further study of its toxicity and transformation in liquid cultures of these fungi. two schemes of 2,4,6-tcp addition were tested to minimize its toxic effect to fungal cultures: stepwise addition from the moment of inoculation and single addition after five days of g ...	2000	11487063
adsorption step in the biological degradation of a textile dye.	this research documents the removal of the dye gris lanaset g from aqueous solutions by fungal pellets. adsorption of the dye by dead biomass pellets of trametes versicolor was determined and compared with dye removal by enzymatic degradation. six kinetic equations were fitted to the experimental adsorption data obtained. the results indicate that kinetics such as the elovich equation, which considers that the rate-controlling step is the diffusion of the dye molecules, show the best fit. nonlin ...	2001	11485427
biodecolorization screening of synthetic dyes by four white-rot fungi in a solid medium: possible role of siderophores.	four selected fungi were screened for their ability to decolourize a textile effluent and commercial reactive dyes in a solid medium.	2001	11442809
screening of micro-organisms for decolorization of melanins produced by bluestain fungi.	a total of 17 fungi and four bacteria were screened for their ability to decolorize melanin, using isolated extracellular melanin of the bluestain fungus aureobasidium pullulans as substrate. on agar media, decolorization was observed by four fungal strains: bjerkandera adusta vtt-d-99746, galactomyces geotrichum vtt-d-84228, trametes hirsuta vtt-d-95443 and trametes versicolor vtt-d-99747. the four fungi were more efficient on nitrogen-limited medium than on complete medium. the melanin-decolor ...	2001	11330716
kinetic differences of purified laccases from six pleurotus ostreatus strains.	enzyme kinetics of purified laccases from six different pleurotus ostreatus strains were determined in the oxidation of syringaldazine, guaiacol and abts.	2001	11328500
primary structure deduction and molecular modelling from a cdna of a cellobiohydrolase-like protein from the white-rot fungus coriolus versicolor.	molecular cloning and cdna sequencing analysis were used to elucidate the primary structure of a cellulase-like structure from the white-rot fungus coriolus versicolor. the cdna of interest was isolated from a cdna library obtained from c. versicolor mycelia grown on cellulase inducer medium. a pattern search showed that this cellulase belongs to the glycosyl hydrolases family 6. from the deduced amino acid sequence, models of the binding and catalytic domains were built by homology modelling. t ...	2001	11311718
pcb congener selective biodegradation by the white rot fungus pleurotus ostreatus in contaminated soil.	six strains of white rot fungi were tested for their biodegradation ability of low chlorinated polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) commercial mixture (delor 103) in real soil system. phanerochaete chrysosporium and trametes versicolor did not show any ability to degrade pcbs in soil. on the contrary, four strains of pleurotus ostreatus were able to remove about 40% of delor 103 in two months. all p. ostreatus strains decomposed pcbs selectively with the preference for congeners with chlorine atoms in ...	2001	11297400
growth, dye degradation and ligninolytic activity studies on zimbabwean white rot fungi.	white rot fungi were collected from chirinda and chimanimani hardwood forests in zimbabwe and studied with respect to growth temperature optima and dye decolorization. temperature optima were found to vary (between 25-37 degrees c) amongst the isolates. the isolates were screened for their ability to degrade the polymeric dyes; blue dextran and poly r478 and the triphenylmethane dyes; cresol red, crystal violet and bromophenol blue. semi-quantitative determination of the hydrolytic enzyme activi ...	2001	11240201
development of a saccharomyces cerevisiae strain with enhanced resistance to phenolic fermentation inhibitors in lignocellulose hydrolysates by heterologous expression of laccase.	to improve production of fuel ethanol from renewable raw materials, laccase from the white rot fungus trametes versicolor was expressed under control of the pgk1 promoter in saccharomyces cerevisiae to increase its resistance to phenolic inhibitors in lignocellulose hydrolysates. it was found that the laccase activity could be enhanced twofold by simultaneous overexpression of the homologous t-snare sso2p. the factors affecting the level of active laccase obtained, besides the cultivation temper ...	2001	11229906
polysaccharide krestin enhances manganese superoxide dismutase activity and mrna expression in mouse peritoneal macrophages.	manganese superoxide dismutase (mnsod), an inductive antioxidant enzyme, can protect cells from oxidative injury to the mitochondria. the elevation of mnsod activity in cells can effectively prevent many diseases associated with oxidative stress. polysaccharide krestin (psk), a kind of protein-bound polysaccharide extracted from coriolus versicolor, is used as an immune response modifier in anti-tumor therapy. we have previously found that psk could alleviate the oxidative injury that oxidized l ...	2000	11154046
evaluation of solid substrates for enzyme production by coriolus versicolor, for use in bioremediation of chlorophenols in aqueous effluents.	in the development of a system for the removal of chlorophenols from aqueous effluents, a range of solid substrates for the growth of coriolus versicolor were investigated. substrates included wood chips, cereal grain, wheat husk and wheat bran. suitability for transformation of chlorophenols depended on laccase production by the fungus. the greatest amount of laccase (<25 units g(-1) substrate) was produced on wheat husk and wheat bran over 30 days colonisation. aqueous extracts of laccase from ...	2000	11152077
biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) by native microflora and combinations of white-rot fungi in a coal-tar contaminated soil.	four white-rot fungi (phanerochaete chrysosporium imi 232175, pleurotus ostreatus from the university of alberta microfungus collection imi 341687, coriolus versicolor imi 210866 and wye isolate #7) and all possible combinations of two or more of these fungi, were incubated in microcosms containing wheat straw and non-sterile coal-tar contaminated soil to determine their potential to degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs). biotic and abiotic controls were prepared similarly and pah conc ...	2001	11131793
cell growth and gene modulatory activities of yunzhi (windsor wunxi) from mushroom trametes versicolor in androgen-dependent and androgen-insensitive human prostate cancer cells.	the incidence of prostate cancer varies greatly throughout the world; it is highest in african-americans and lowest in the asian populations of china, india, and japan. geographical differences in both prevalence of latent prostate cancer and mortality have been postulated to be influenced by diverse tumor-promoting and protective factors, both environmental and dietary. prostate cancer is a tumor with an extremely long latency; the pattern of prostate tumorigenesis, in terms of the display and ...	2001	11115542
effect of spent cotton stalks on color removal and chemical oxygen demand lowering in olive oil mill wastewater by white rot fungi.	wastewater from olive oil mill was decolorized (and its chemical oxygen demand reduced in static cultivation) using the fungi coriolus versicolor, funalia trogii, phanerochaete chrysosporium and pleurotus sajor-caju. the effect of cotton stalk on decolorizing and cod removing capability was demonstrated. p. chrysosporium (in 20% medium with cotton stalk) reduced the cod by 48% and color by 58%, f. trogii (in 30% medium with cotton stalk)) by 51 and 55%, respectively.	1999	11097026
enhanced stability of laccase in the presence of phenolic compounds.	the storage stability of laccase (ec 1.10.3.2) from the white-rot basidomycete trametes versicolor in potassium-citrate buffer was enhanced by various phenolic compounds as well as by lignin sulfonate. the highest storage stability was obtained with phenolics, e.g. phloroglucin and 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid; these represent substrates of laccase which are oxidized slowly because of their relatively high redox potential and which did not precipitate from the solution within the tested period of t ...	2000	11092625
cleavage of the diketonitrile derivative of the herbicide isoxaflutole by extracellular fungal oxidases.	isoxaflutole is a herbicide activated in soils and plants to its diketonitrile derivative, the active herbicide principle. the diketonitrile derivative undergoes cleavage to the inactive benzoic acid analogue. in this paper, it is established that an oxidative mechanism implicating two successive reactions in the presence of dimethyldioxirane can chemically initiate the cleavage of the diketonitrile. it is also shown that two white rot strains, phanerochaete chrysosporium and trametes versicolor ...	2000	11052694
transformation of triclosan by trametes versicolor and pycnoporus cinnabarinus.	we investigated the ability of trametes versicolor and pycnoporous cinnabarinus to metabolize triclosan. t. versicolor produced three metabolites, 2-o-(2,4,4'-trichlorodiphenyl ether)-beta-d-xylopyranoside, 2-o-(2,4,4'-trichlorodiphenyl ether)-beta-d-glucopyranoside, and 2,4-dichlorophenol. p. cinnabarinus converted triclosan to 2,4, 4'-trichloro-2'-methoxydiphenyl ether and the glucoside conjugate known from t. versicolor. the conjugates showed a distinctly lower cytotoxic and microbicidal acti ...	2000	10966448
psk and ok-432-induced immunomodulation of inducible nitric oxide (no) synthase gene expression in mouse peritoneal polymorphonuclear leukocytes and no-mediated cytotoxicity.	we investigated whether psk (a polysaccharide from the mycelia of coriolus versicolor) or ok-432 (a streptococcal preparation) can up-regulate inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) gene expression and nitric oxide (no) production in mouse peritoneal polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns). six hrs after intraperitoneal injection of mice with psk (2,500 microg/mouse) or ok-432 (100 microg/mouse), mouse peritoneal pmns were restimulated with psk (500 microg/ml) or ok-432 (10 microg/ml) plus 100 u/ml ...	2000	10952028
elimination and detoxification of softwood extractives by white-rot fungi.	the ability of several white-rot fungal strains to remove and detoxify acetone extractives (pitch or resin) in scots pine sapwood was investigated in stationary laboratory batch assays. fungal pretreatment provided up to 62% total pitch reduction and significant decreases in pitch toxicity. the best strains were bjerkandera sp. strain stereum hirsutum and trametes versicolor that eliminated over 93% of the problematic triglyceride fraction and 58-87% of other lipophilic extractive classes in onl ...	2000	10949313
effect of polysaccharide krestin on glutathione peroxidase gene expression in mouse peritoneal macrophages.	polysaccharide krestin (psk) is a protein-bound polysaccharide extracted from the sporophore coriolus versicolor. previously, we found that psk could reduce the oxidative injury that oxidised low-density lipoprotein (ox-ldl) produced in monocytes/macrophages, and therefore have some pro-phylactic or therapeutic effect on atherosclerosis. glutathione peroxidases, including selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (segpx) and non-selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (non-segpx, also called g ...	2000	10912287
silver stained polyacrylamide gels and fluorescence-based automated capillary electrophoresis for detection of amplified fragment length polymorphism patterns obtained from white-rot fungi in the genus trametes.	silver stained denaturing polyacrylamide gels (pages) and fluorescent denaturing automated capillary electrophoresis (ce) were used to detect amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) patterns obtained from white-rot fungi belonging to the genus trametes. aflp fingerprinting detected by the fluorescence-based method as well as by silver staining showed a high discriminatory power in differentiating nine strains of trametes ochracea, nine strains of trametes hirsuta and ten isolates of tramet ...	2000	10889313
degradation of primisulfuron by a combination of chemical and microbiological processes.	microbial degradation of the herbicide primisulfuron was investigated using enrichment cultures from contaminated soils and 20 axenic cultures. at neutral ph, no disappearance of the herbicide was detected either in the enrichment cultures or in the growth media of the axenic microbial cultures. during the growth of some of the microbial strains, however, the ph of the medium dropped below 6, resulting in the hydrolysis of primisulfuron. the rate of primisulfuron hydrolysis was clearly ph depend ...	2000	10888585
chemo-enzymatic synthesis and characterization of graft copolymers from lignin and acrylic compounds.	chemo-enzymatic initiation of graft copolymerization of acrylic compounds onto different technical lignosulfonates (ls) was compared to a fenton-like system (ferrous ion, t-bhp). the enzyme tested was a phenoloxidase laccase (ec 1.10.3.2) from the white rot basidomycete trametes versicolor. most applied lignins were successfully grafted, resulting in a polymer yield of more than 90%. the effect of initiator concentration and the lignin/monomer ratio on the yield and m(w) of enzymatically grafted ...	2000	10862917
immunotherapy with low-dose interleukin-2 and a polysaccharopeptide derived from coriolus versicolor.	the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of locally administered low-dose interleukin-2 (il-2) and a polysaccharopeptide (psp) derived from cariolous versicolor in a herpes virus type 2-transformed murine tumor (h238) model and to determine possible mechanisms of action. balb/c mice were inoculated subcutaneously (s.c.) with h238 tumor cells and randomized into groups: a) no tumor and no treatment control, b) tumor and no treatment control, c) tumor + il-2 at 0 t ...	1996	10851500
susceptibility of natural killer (nk) cells to reactive oxygen species (ros) and their restoration by the mimics of superoxide dismutase (sod).	natural killer (nk) cells are susceptible to reactive oxygen species (ros), and lose the activity by the effects of ros. cancer bearing hosts usually suffer from oxidative stress (os), and the nk-activity decreases to a significantly lower level than normal controls. superoxide dismutase (sod)-mimicking substances, such as protein-bound polysaccharide of coriolus versicolor (fr) quel (psk) and iron-chelating chlorine e6-na (fecna), can restore the nk-activity of cancer bearing hosts, when collab ...	1998	10850363
effect of ethanol on enzymatic activity of fungal laccases.	blue laccase from coriolus versicolor and blue and yellow laccases from panus tigrinus were isolated, purified and studied in acetate buffer solutions, with and without addition of various amounts of ethanol, using syringaldazine and 2,6-dimethoxyphenol as substrates. effect of ethanol on blue laccases could be successfully described using the mixed inhibition model, over the range of 0-2.5 m ethanol concentrations. yellow laccase from p. tigrinus behaves differently, which may be explained by t ...	1999	10841275
chemoenzymatical grafting of acrylamide onto lignin.	laccase (e.c.1.10.3.2.) from white-rot basidiomycete trametes versicolor and dioxane peroxides were essential in the copolymerization of acrylamide and a derivative with lignin in a dioxane-h(2)o (7:3) mixture. both a solubility test and an elemental analysis of the eluted and separated fractions provided evidence of grafting. gel permeation chromatography on sephadex g-100 showed that the side chain and the lignin backbone migrate as one unit through the column. copolymers obtained were charact ...	2000	10812185
studies on the role of proteases in the white-rot fungus trametes versicolor: effect of pmsf and chloroquine on ligninolytic enzymes activity.	in the present study we investigated the possibility of proteinases, intracellular and extracellular, being involved in the regulation of ligninolytic activities in cultures of trametes versicolor during the shift from primary growth (i.e. trophophase) to idiophase triggered by nitrogen or carbon starvation. these studies were performed using specific inhibitors added to the cultures of t. versicolor. addition of pmsf (irreversible inhibitor of serine proteinases) or chloroquine (the lysosomotro ...	2000	10746199
low surfactant concentration increases fungal mineralization of a polychlorinated biphenyl congener but has no effect on overall metabolism.	three white rot fungi were compared for their ability to attack polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) congeners in the presence and absence of the non-ionic triton x-100 or the anionic dowfax 8390 surfactants at half their critical micelle concentrations. neither surfactant affected pcb biodegradation monitored by gas chromatography but the release of 14co2 from 2,4',5-[u-14c]trichlorobiphenyl by trametes versicolor was stimulated 12% by triton x-100. since mineralization is the complete metabolism of ...	2000	10736020
generation of nuclear hybrids overcoming the natural barrier of incompatibility: transfer of nuclei from lentinula edodes into protoplasts of coriolus versicolor.	heterokaryotic nuclear hybrids overcoming the natural barriers of incompatibility have been studied in basidiomycetes. to produce these nuclear hybrids between incompatible mushrooms, which have several potent pharmacological effects, nuclear transfer was performed between lentinula edodes and coriolus versicolor. nuclei from serine auxotrophs of lentinula edodes, le207 (ser-) were transferred into the protoplasts of arginine auxotrophs of coriolus versicolor, cv17 (arg-), using 30% polyethylene ...	2000	10728662
laccase activity tests and laccase inhibitors.	sulfhydryl organic compounds described as laccase inhibitors: dithiothreitol, thioglycolic acid, cysteine, diethyldithiocarbamic acid, and sodium azide were tested for their activity toward laccase of trametes versicolor in different test systems utilising 2, 2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (abts) and 2, 6-dimethoxyphenol as enzyme substrates. only sodium azide acted as a true laccase inhibitor and showed no significant interference with the enzyme tests. all other substan ...	2000	10725542
effect of environmental conditions on biological decolorization of textile dyestuff by c. versicolor.	effects of environmental conditions such as ph, media composition, carbon and nitrogen sources, toc/n ratio, and dyestuff concentrations on decolorization of reactive phytalocyanin type textile dyestuff everzol turquoise blue g by white rot fungi, coriolus versicolor 20) or low nitrogen concentration was essential for effective decolorization of the dyestuff. dyestuff concentration should be lower than 500 mg/l for complete decolorization. only partial decolorization was observed for dyestuff co ...	2000	10713211
reactions of pentachlorophenol with laccase from coriolus versicolor.	laccase, purified from coriolus versicolor, removed pentachlorophenol (pcp) from solution at ph 5, depending on initial pcp concentration and amount of laccase. with 100 units of laccase, 100% of 25 microg ml(-1) pcp and 60% of 200 microg ml(-1) pcp were removed respectively over 72 h. no free chloride was released in the reaction. in reaction with 100 microg pcp, products were primarily polymers (about 80,000 mw) with only 2-3 pg of o- and p-chloranils formed. polymers were stable to acid hydro ...	2000	10709987
hydroxyl radical generation by an extracellular low-molecular-weight substance and phenol oxidase activity during wood degradation by the white-rot basidiomycete trametes versicolor.	one-electron oxidation activity, as measured by ethylene generation from 2-keto-4-thiomethylbutyric acid, phenol oxidase activity, and the generation of hydroxyl radical were examined in cultures of the lignin-degrading white-rot basidiomycete fungus, trametes (coriolus) versicolor. the activity levels of specific lignin-degrading enzymes and cellulases, as well as the rate of wood degradation, also were examined. the fungus secreted a low-molecular-weight substance (m(r) 1000-5000) that catalyz ...	1999	10704993
immunomodulation and anti-cancer activity of polysaccharide-protein complexes.	in the last three decades, numerous polysaccharides and polysaccharide-protein complexes have been isolated from mushrooms and used as a source of therapeutic agents. the most promising biopharmacological activities of these biopolymers are their immunomodulation and anti-cancer effects. they are mainly present as glucans with different types of glycosidic linkages such as (1-->3), (1-->6)-beta-glucans and (1-->3)-alpha-glucans, and as true herteroglycans, while others mostly bind to protein res ...	2000	10702635
the use of mushroom glucans and proteoglycans in cancer treatment.	immunoceuticals can be considered as substances having immunotherapeutic efficacy when taken orally. more than 50 mushroom species have yielded potential immunoceuticals that exhibit anticancer activity in vitro or in animal models and of these, six have been investigated in human cancers. all are non-toxic and very well tolerated. lentinan and schizophyllan have little oral activity. active hexose correlated compound (ahcc) is poorly defined but has shown early clinical promise. maitake d-fract ...	2000	10696116
changes to water repellence of soil caused by the growth of white-rot fungi: studies using a novel microcosm system.	a microcosm system is described which permits assessment of the progressive growth of filamentous fungi through soil. we report on its application to measure the effects of coriolus versicolor and phanerochaete chrysosporium upon the sorptivity and water repellence of a mineral soil, measured using a miniature infiltration device. both fungal species caused moderate sub-critical repellence. since the pore structure was unaffected, the repellence was probably due to hydrophobic substances of fung ...	2000	10689169
natural mediators in the oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by laccase mediator systems.	the oxidation of polycyclic aromatic compounds was studied in systems consisting of laccase from trametes versicolor and so-called mediator compounds. the enzymatic oxidation of acenaphthene, acenaphthylene, anthracene, and fluorene was mediated by various laccase substrates (phenols and aromatic amines) or compounds produced and secreted by white rot fungi. the best natural mediators, such as phenol, aniline, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol were as efficient as the previously ...	2000	10653713
electrochemical studies of a truncated laccase produced in pichia pastoris.	the cdna that encodes an isoform of laccase from trametes versicolor (lcci), as well as a truncated version (lccia), was subcloned and expressed by using the yeast pichia pastoris as the heterologous host. the amino acid sequence of lccia is identical to that of lcci except that the final 11 amino acids at the c terminus of lcci are replaced with a single cysteine residue. this modification was introduced for the purpose of improving the kinetics of electron transfer between an electrode and the ...	1999	10584012
characterization of a gene encoding trametes versicolor laccase a and improved heterologous expression in saccharomyces cerevisiae by decreased cultivation temperature.	laccase can be used for enzymatic detoxification of lignocellulosic hydrolysates. a saccharomyces cerevisiae strain with enhanced resistance to phenolic inhibitors and thereby improved ability to ferment lignocellulosic hydrolysates would presumably be obtained by heterologous expression of laccase. sequencing of the cdna for the novel laccase gene lcc2 from the lignin-degrading basidiomycete trametes versicolor showed that it encodes an isoenzyme of 499 amino-acid residues preceded by a 21-resi ...	1999	10531652
formaldehyde as a proof and response to various kind of stress in some basidiomycetes.	the influence of cadmium chloride and/or high temperature on the level of selected parameters were examined in both medium and mycelium of some basidiomycetes belonging to white-rot fungi: abortiporus biennis, trametes versicolor and cerrena unicolor. we investigated changes in the formaldehyde (fa) level and in the level of superoxide radical anions (sr). accordingly, the capacity of three enzymes was also studied: two enzymes of the cellular antioxidative system - superoxide dismutase (sod; ec ...	1998	10526985
extracellular oxidative enzyme production and pah removal in soil by exploratory mycelium of white rot fungi.	selected strains of three species of white rot fungi, pleurotus ostreatus, phanerochaete chrysosporium and trametes versicolor, were grown in sterilized soil from straw inocula. the respective colonization rates and mycelium density values decreased in the above mentioned order. three- and four-ringed pahs at 50 ppm inhibited growth of fungi in soil to some extent. the activities of fungal mnp and laccase (units per g dry weight of straw or soil), extracted with 50 mm succinate-lactate buffer (p ...	1999	10492884
fungal biosolubilization of rhenish brown coal monitored by curie-point pyrolysis/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using tetraethylammonium hydroxide	residues and coal fractions that remained after the biosolubilization of rhenish brown coal by strains of lentinula edodes and trametes versicolor have been studied by curie-point pyrolysis/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using tetraethylammonium hydroxide (net4oh) at 610 degrees c. to differentiate methyl derivatives of esters and ethers from free or bound hydroxyl and carboxyl groups net4oh was used in the thermochemolysis experiments instead the commonly used tetramethylammonium hydroxid ...	1999	10461368
bioconversion of recalcitrant 4-methyldibenzothiophene to water-extractable products using lignin-degrading basidiomycete coriolus versicolor	under secondary metabolic conditions, the white-rot basidiomycete coriolus versicolormetabolized 4-methyldibenzothiophene (mdbt), which is a recalcitrant organic sulfur contaminant found in petroleum. the pathway of the transformation of mdbt was elucidated by the identification of fungal metabolites upon the addition of mdbt and its metabolic intermediates. s-oxidation to form mdbt-5-oxide was the initial step of mdbt metabolism. then, the metabolic pathway was branched to form mdbt-5-dioxide, ...	1999	10441362
in vitro chemopreventive effects of plant polysaccharides (aloe barbadensis miller, lentinus edodes, ganoderma lucidum and coriolus versicolor).	a plant polysaccharide, aloe gel extract, was reported to have an inhibitory effect on benzo[a]pyrene (b[a]p)-dna adduct formation in vitro and in vivo. hence, chemopreventive effects of plant polysaccharides [aloe barbadensis miller (aps), lentinus edodes (lps), ganoderma lucidum (gps) and coriolus versicolor (cps)] were compared using in vitro short-term screening methods associated with both initiation and promotion processes in carcinogenesis. in b[a]p-dna adduct formation, aps (180 microgra ...	1999	10426820
cloning and analysis of pycnoporus cinnabarinus cellobiose dehydrogenase.	we have cloned and sequenced a gene encoding cellobiose dehydrogenase (cdh) from pycnoporus cinnabarinus (pci). pcr primers that may recognize a homologous cdh were designed using regions of complete conservation of amino acid sequence within the known sequences of trametes versicolor (tv) and phanerochaete chrysosporium (pc) cdh. upstream primers hybridized to regions encoding the heme domain, whereas downstream primers recognized highly conserved regions within the flavin domain. eight differe ...	1999	10393235
involvement of interleukin-2 in analgesia produced by coriolus versicolor polysaccharide peptides.	to study the role of interleukin-2 (il-2) and mediobasal hypothalamus (mbh) in analgesia produced by coriolus versicolor polysaccharide peptide (psp).	1998	10375763
novel enzymatic oxidation of mn2+ to mn3+ catalyzed by a fungal laccase.	fungal laccases are extracellular multinuclear copper-containing oxidases that have been proposed to be involved in ligninolysis and degradation of xenobiotics. here, we show that an electrophoretically homogenous laccase preparation from the white rot fungus trametes versicolor oxidized mn2+ to mn3+ in the presence of na-pyrophosphate, with a km value of 186 microm and a vmax value of 0.11 micromol/min/mg protein at the optimal ph (5.0) and a na-pyrophosphate concentration of 100 mm. the oxidat ...	1999	10371162
glucose 1- and 2-oxidases from fungal strains: isolation and production of monoclonal antibodies.	monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against purified glucose 2-oxidase (ec 1.1.3.10) from coriolus versicolor were raised by hybridoma technology using sp2/0 myeloma cells as a fusion partner. hybrid growth was observed in 42% of culture wells and 30% of these (i.e. 30 culture wells) contained anti-glucose 2-oxidase activity. three positive wells containing hybrid cell lines were selected and cloned twice by the limiting dilution method and two hybridoma clones (e1a5 and e1a6) secreting mabs were selec ...	1999	10361723
degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol by two brown rot fungi.	wheat straw cultures of the brown rot fungi gloeophyllum striatum and g. trabeum degraded 2,4-dichlorophenol and pentachorophenol. up to 54% and 27% 14co2, respectively, were liberated from uniformly 14c-labeled substrates within 6 weeks. under identical conditions trametes versicolor, a typical white rot species employed as reference, evolved up to 42% and 43% 14co2 and expressed high activities of laccase, manganese peroxidase, and manganese-independent peroxidase. no such activity could be de ...	1999	10361717
cloning and characterization of a thermostable cellobiose dehydrogenase from sporotrichum thermophile.	cellobiose dehydrogenase (cdh) is an extracellular hemoflavoenzyme produced by several wood-degrading fungi. cdh contains one heme b and one fad per molecule and oxidizes cellobiose to cellobionolactone in the presence of cytochrome c. in this report, a thermostable cdh from the thermophilic ascomycete sporotrichum thermophile has been purified, cloned, and characterized. the temperature optimum for this cdh reaction was 60 degrees c, and the activation energy for the reaction was 26.3 kj/mol. t ...	1999	10328816
aromatic ring cleavage of a non-phenolic beta-o-4 lignin model dimer by laccase of trametes versicolor in the presence of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole.	the novel cleavage products, 2,3-dihydroxy-1-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-formyloxypropane (ii) and 1-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,3-trihydroxypropane-2,3-cyclic carbonate (iii) were identified as products of a non-phenolic beta-o-4 lignin model dimer, 1,3-dihydroxy-2-(2,6-dimethoxylphenoxy)-1-(4-ethoxy-3-methoxypheny l)propane (i), by a trametes versicolor laccase in the presence of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (1-hbt). an isotopic experiment with a 13c-labeled lignin model dimer, 1,3-dihydroxy-2-( ...	1999	10100873
a method for the decrease of phenolic content in commercial canola meal using an enzyme preparation secreted by the white-rot fungus trametes versicolor.	an enzymatic process for upgrading the quality of canola meal (cm) by decreasing its phenolic content was investigated. the new method was based on the addition of the enzyme preparation from white-rot fungus trametes versicolor to the meal-buffer slurry. a 98% decrease in the concentration of sae was observed after 1 h of the treatment. the following process variables were considered for optimizing the process: ph, temperature, enzyme, meal, and oxygen concentrations. it was found that: (1) the ...	1999	10099553
transformation of 3,5-dimethoxy,4-hydroxy cinnamic acid by polyphenol oxidase from the fungus trametes versicolor: product elucidation studies.	sinapic acid (sa), 3,5-dimethoxy,4-hydroxy cinnamic acid, was incubated with a crude polyphenol oxidase from the fungus trametes versicolor. some products of this transformation were isolated and their structures identified using mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and x-ray crystallography. it was found that the enzymatic oxidation of sa includes two distinct phases. in the initial phase sa is enzymatically transformed to r-1h-2c,6c-bis-(4' ...	1998	10099249
cloning and characterization of a cdna encoding a novel extracellular peroxidase from trametes versicolor.	the white rot basidiomycete trametes versicolor secretes a large number of peroxidases which are believed to be involved in the degradation of polymeric lignin. these peroxidases have been classified previously as lignin peroxidases or manganese peroxidases (mnp). we have isolated a novel extracellular peroxidase-encoding cdna sequence from t. versicolor cu1, the transcript levels of which are repressed by low concentrations of mn2+ and induced by nitrogen and carbon but not induced in response ...	1999	10049906
therapeutic effects of substances occurring in higher basidiomycetes mushrooms: a modern perspective.	this review highlights some of the recently isolated and identified substances of higher basidiomycetes mushrooms origin that express promising antitumor, immune modulating, cardiovascular and hypercholesterolemia, antiviral, antibacterial, and antiparasitic effects. medicinal mushrooms have a long history of use in folk medicine. in particular, mushrooms useful against cancers of the stomach, esophagus, lungs, etc. are known in china, russia, japan, korea, as well as the u.s.a. and canada. ther ...	1999	9987601
the early oxidative biodegradation steps of residual kraft lignin models with laccase.	a number of model compounds resembling the fundamental bonding patterns of residual kraft lignin, including a series of stilbenes, were incubated with laccase from trametes versicolor in the presence and absence of delignification 'mediators' abts and hbt. the condensed kraft lignin model compounds seem to undergo initial degradation by laccase mainly via benzylic oxidation, demethylation and hydroxylation reactions. phenolic 5-5', diphenylmethane and alpha-5 lignin models were found to be degra ...	1998	9881106
degradation of 2-chlorophenol and formation of 2-chloro-1,4-benzoquinone by mycelia and cell-free crude culture liquids of trametes versicolor in relation to extracellular laccase activity.	the white-rot fungus trametes versicolor was used to study the influence of extracellular laccase activity on the degradation of 2-chlorophenol (2-cp) and the formation of metabolites under conditions, characterized by the absence of other phenol-oxidizing enzymes. 2-cp enhanced the production of extracellular laccase by fungal mycelia. the formation of the metabolite 2-chloro-1,4-benzoquinone (2-cibq) was found to be correlated with extracellular laccase activity. in cell-free crude culture liq ...	1998	9871333
effects of coriolus versicolor polysaccharides peptides on electric activity of mediobasal hypothalamus and on immune function in rats.	the nervous mechanism of the immune potentiating effect of coriolus versicolor polysaccharides peptides (psp) was studied in wistar rats.	1996	9812756
effects of coriolus versicolor polysaccharides on superoxide dismutase activities in mice.	to study if coriolus versicolor polysaccharides (cvp) influence the superoxide dismutase (sod) activities in mice.	1996	9772673
restorative effect of coriolus versicolor polysaccharides against gamma-irradiation-induced spleen injury in mice.	to study the restorative effect of coriolus versicolor polysaccharides (cvp) on spleen injury induced by gamma-ray irradiation in mice.	1996	9772653
transformation of the ionic x-ray contrast agent diatrizoate and related triiodinated benzoates by trametes versicolor.	iodinated x-ray contrast agents are considered to be nondegradable by microorganisms. the decomposition of the ionic x-ray contrast agents diatrizoate (3,5-di(acetamido)-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid) and iodipamide (3,3'-adipoyl-diimino-di(2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid) and related triiodinated benzoates (acetrizoate [3-acetylamino-2,4, 6-triiodobenzoic acid] and aminotrizoate [3-amino-2,4, 6-triiodobenzoic acid]) by trametes versicolor has been investigated. the fungus was able to transform all tested ...	1998	9687487
characterization of a novel manganese peroxidase-lignin peroxidase hybrid isozyme produced by bjerkandera species strain bos55 in the absence of manganese.	a novel manganese-dependent peroxidase (mnp) isozyme produced in manganese-free cultures of bjerkandera sp. strain bos55 was purified and characterized. the production of the enzyme was greatly stimulated by the exogenous addition of various physiological organic acids such as glycolate, glyoxylate, and oxalate. the physical properties of the enzyme are similar to those of mnp isozymes from different white rot fungi (mr = 43,000, pi 3.88, and epsilon407 nm = 123 mm-1 cm-1). the bjerkandera mnp w ...	1998	9624124
fate of residual lignin during delignification of kraft pulp by trametes versicolor	the fungus trametes versicolor can delignify and brighten kraft pulps. to better understand the mechanism of this biological bleaching and the by-products formed, i traced the transformation of pulp lignin during treatment with the fungus. hardwood and softwood kraft pulps containing 14c-labelled residual lignin were prepared by laboratory pulping of lignin-labelled aspen and spruce wood and then incubated with t. versicolor. after initially polymerizing the lignin, the fungus depolymerized it t ...	1998	9603823
comparison of gas chromatography and mineralization experiments for measuring loss of selected polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in cultures of white rot fungi.	two methods were used to compare the biodegradation of six polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) congeners by 12 white rot fungi. four fungi were found to be more active than phanerochaete chrysosporium atcc 24725. biodegradation of the following congeners was monitored by gas chromatography: 2,3-dichlorobiphenyl, 4,4'-dichlorobiphenyl, 2,4',5-trichlorobiphenyl (2,4',5-tcb), 2,2',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl, 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl, and 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl. the congener tested for mine ...	1998	9603809
oxidative biodegradation of an anthraquinone dye, pigment violet 12, by coriolus versicolor.		1998	9595196
cloning and sequencing of a gene encoding cellobiose dehydrogenase from trametes versicolor.	cellobiose dehydrogenase (cdh) is an enzyme produced under lignocellulose-degrading conditions by trametes versicolor strain 52j (tv) and several other wood-degrading fungi, including phanerochaete chrysosporium (pc). in order to understand better the nature and properties of this enzyme, we isolated a genomic clone of tv cdh using heterologous probes derived from the sequence of pc cdh. dna sequence analysis revealed that tv cdh consists of 3091 bp of coding sequence interrupted by 14 introns. ...	1998	9573367
a review of research on the protein-bound polysaccharide (polysaccharopeptide, psp) from the mushroom coriolus versicolor (basidiomycetes: polyporaceae).	1. protein-bound polysaccharides, designated as psk and psp, have been isolated from the cm-101 strain and the cov-1 strain, respectively, of the mushroom coriolus versicolor. this article aims at summarizing existing research findings about psp since information on psk is well documented. 2. psp possesses a molecular weight of approximately 100 kda. glutamic and aspartic acids are abundant in its polypeptide component, whereas its polysaccharide component is made up of monosaccharides with alph ...	1998	9457474
dietary supplementation with mushroom-derived protein-bound glucan does not enhance immune function in young and old mice.	decline in immune response is a well-documented age-associated biological change. protein-bound polysaccharides (psp) are biological response modifiers and have been shown to have immunoenhancing and antitumor effects. this study was conducted to examine the effect of dietary supplementation with psp-containing extract derived from mycelia of coriolus versicolor on in vitro and in vivo indices of immune function of young and old mice. young (5 mo) and old (23 mo) c57bl/6nia mice were fed purifie ...	1998	9446842
laccase from the white-rot fungus trametes versicolor: cdna cloning of lcc1 and expression in pichia pastoris.	a cdna coding for laccase was isolated from the ligninolytic fungus trametes versicolor by rna-pcr. the cdna corresponds to the gene lcc1, which encodes a laccase isoenzyme of 498 amino-acid residues preceded by a 22-residue signal peptide. the lcc1 cdna was cloned into the vector phil-d2 for expression in pichia pastoris under the control of the aox1 promoter. transformants were found to secrete active recombinant enzyme after induction with methanol. the use of growth medium buffered to ph 6.0 ...	1997	9388299
blue and yellow laccases of ligninolytic fungi.	extracellular laccases from submerged cultures of coriolus versicolor bkm f-116, panus tigrinus 8/18, phlebia radiata 79 (atcc 64658), phlebia tremellosa 77-51 and from cultures of pa. tigrinus 8/18, ph. radiata 79 and agaricus bisporus d-649 grown on wheat straw (solid-state fermentation) were purified. all enzymes from submerged cultures had a blue colour and characteristic absorption and epr spectra. laccases from the solid-state cultures were yellow-brown and had no typical blue oxidase spec ...	1997	9368354
cloning and sequencing of a second laccase gene from the white-rot fungus coriolus versicolor.	a second laccase gene, cvlg1, was isolated from coriolus versicolor. cvlgi encodes a precursor protein of 526 amino acids which contains a 23-amino acid signal sequence, and the coding region is interrupted by 11 introns. the number of potential n-glycosylation sites in this product is 12 and the greatest among that of polyporales laccases. moreover, this protein shares about 70% homology with other polyporales laccases. genomic southern analysis showed that c. versicolor laccases are encoded by ...	1997	9345768
removal of pcbs by various white rot fungi in liquid cultures.	the ability of phanerochaete chrysosporium, trametes versicolor, coriolopsis polyzona, and pleurotus ostreatus growing in a mitogen-limited mineral medium (nmm) to degrade pcbs in a commercial, delor 106 mixture at a concentration of 0.9 ppm was compared. the respective amount of pcbs removed from the fungal cultures within 3 weeks were 25, 50, 41 and 0%. the capacities of the individual fungal species to remove pcbs correlated to some extent with their capabilities of decolorization of nmm agar ...	1997	9340310
comparison of phenanthrene and pyrene degradation by different wood-decaying fungi.	the degradation of phenanthrene and pyrene was investigated by using five different wood-decaying fungi. after 63 days of incubation in liquid culture, 13.8 and 4.3% of the [ring u-14c]phenantherene and 2.4 and 1.4% of the [4,5,9,10-14c]pyrene were mineralized by trametes versicolor and kuehneromyces mutabilis, respectively. no 14co2 evolution was detected in either [14c]phenanthrene or [14c]pyrene liquid cultures of flammulina velutipes, laetiporus sulphureus, and agrocybe aegerita. cultivation ...	1997	9327556
cloning and sequence analysis of two laccase complementary dnas from the ligninolytic basidiomycete trametes versicolor.	laccases are oxidoreductase enzymes involved in the oxidation of various phenolic compounds. they may play a role in the biodegradation of lignin and in the dechlorination of chlorophenols. the cdnas encoding laccase lcci and a putative laccase lcciv and the gene for lcci from the white-rot basidiomycete trametes versicolor were cloned, sequenced and characterized. the genomic dna of lcci consists of 2128 bp, with the coding region interrupted by 10 introns; the cdna consists of a 1560 bp open r ...	1997	9322748
effects of ok-432 (picibanil) on the estrogen receptors of mcf-7 cells and potentiation of antiproliferative effects of tamoxifen in combination with ok-432.	ok-432 (picibanil), a streptococcal preparation, has a strong biological response modifier (brm) function and is expected to produce clinical improvement and prolongation of survival in treated cancer patients in japan. we were interested in whether ok-432 augments estrogen receptor (er) levels in breast cancer. to investigate the effect of the brms on cellular growth and the characteristics of er and progesterone receptors (pgr) in the human breast cancer cell line mcf-7, we used ok-432, kresti ...	1997	9260604
isolation of mrnas induced by a hazardous chemical in white-rot fungus, coriolus versicolor, by differential display.	white-rot fungus coriolus versicolor, a ligninolytic basidiomycete, has been studied because of its ability to degrade hazardous chemicals. in this study, we searched for genes that are induced by a hazardous chemical using the mrna differential-display technique and c. versicolor ifo30340 that has been exposed to pentachlorophenol (pcp). five cdna fragments were cloned and the dna sequences of two fragments were analyzed in further detail. the clones corresponded to novel genes that have not pr ...	1997	9256254
fungal cleavage of thioether bond found in yperite.	the degradation of thiodiglycol (i) and benzyl sulfide (ii) was attempted using coriolus versicolor and tyromyces palustris to investigate the potential ability of basidiomycetes to degrade yperite (bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide), a mass-produced and stored chemical warfare agent. i was very rapidly degraded by both fungi. the metabolic pathway of ii was elucidated, showing that the initial step was the hydrolytic cleavage of the thioether bond to yield benzyl alcohol and benzyl mercaptan. benzyl a ...	1997	9256235
polysaccharopeptide from the mushroom coriolus versicolor possesses analgesic activity but does not produce adverse effects on female reproductive or embryonic development in mice.	1. coriolus versicolor polysaccharopeptide has been reported to exert immunomodulatory and antitumor actions. the present study showed that it exhibits analgesic activity in the hot-plate test upon intraperitoneal administration to icr mice. 2. it did not affect ovarian steroidogenesis, ovulation and midterm gestation in mice. it did not exert an adverse effect on mouse embryonic development either, as evidenced by the lack of an effect on somite number, axial length and the incidence of abnorma ...	1997	9251912
dose intensity of uracil and tegafur in postoperative chemotherapy for patients with poorly differentiated gastric cancer.	a retrospective analysis of postoperative chemotherapy had shown the continuous administration of uft, an oral preparation of 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil (tegafur) and uracil at a molar ratio of 1:4, to be effective for poorly differentiated gastric cancer. we therefore sought to determine prospectively the effective dose of postoperative chemotherapy with uft for patients with poorly differentiated gastric cancer following a curative resection. we determined the effect of the combined ...	1997	9219507
polysaccharopeptide from coriolus versicolor has potential for use against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.	polysaccharopeptide (psp) isolated from the edible mushroom coriolus versicolor was tested for its potential as an anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) compound in a series of in vitro assays. it demonstrated inhibition of the interaction between hiv-1 gp 120 and immobilized cd4 receptor (ic50 = 150 microg/ml), potent inhibition of recombinant hiv-1 reverse transcriptase (ic50 = 6.25 microg/ml), and inhibited a glycohydrolase enzyme associated with viral glycosylation. these properti ...	1997	9194694
polysaccharide peptide (psp) restores immunosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide in rats.	polysaccharide peptide (psp) is a protein-bound polysaccharide extracted from an edible mushroom, coriolus versicolor. effects of psp (2g/kg/day) on cyclophosphamide (cpa, 40 mg/kg/2 days)-induced immunosuppression were investigated by determining lymphocyte proliferation, natural killer (nk) cell formation, igg and il-2 concentration, wbc count and the weight of organs after rats were treated with or without cpa in the presence or absence of psp. the results demonstrated that psp possessed immu ...	1997	9166995
in vitro inhibition of proliferation of hl-60 cells by tetrandrine and coriolus versicolor peptide derived from chinese medicinal herbs.	coriolus versicolor polysaccharide peptide (cvp) and the bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, tetrandrine (tet) and berbamine (ber), the active ingredients isolated from chinese medicinal herbs known to possess antitumor activities, concentration-dependently inhibited the proliferation of human leukemic hl-60 cells. cvp did not affect the growth of normal human peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl), whereas tet elicited concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects. morphological observation and dna analy ...	1997	9042394
cloning and expression of pyranose oxidase cdna from coriolus versicolor in escherichia coli.	complementary dna encoding pyranose oxidase (prod) was cloned and sequenced for the first time from coriolus versicolor. the nucleotide sequence revealed an open reading frame encoding a polypeptide composed of 623 amino acid residues. compared with the experimentally determined n-terminal sequence of the prod from c. versicolor. 38 amino acids from the n-terminus of the protein appeared to be eliminated during protein maturation. the cdna was successfully expressed under the control of lacuv5 p ...	1996	9025322
morphological study of cytotoxicity produced by psk-induced polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) and nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton.	the morphologic changes in pmns induced by an i.p. injection of psk, a polysaccharide from the mycelia of coriolus versicolor, and tumor cells undergoing cell death, were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining and electron microscopy. male c3h/he mice, 8-10 -weeks old, received an i.p. injection of 125 mg/kg of psk. their pmns were obtained 6 h after the psk injection by peritoneal lavage. n-cws (nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton) was added at the start of the chromium release assay using the ...	1996	9012542
effect of polysaccharide peptide (psp) on in vivo sulphation and glucuronidation of paracetamol in the rat.	the effect of polysaccharide peptide (psp), an immunomodulator isolated from coriolus versicolor cov-1, on the disposition of paracetamol was investigated in the rat. psp (100 and 200 mg/kg, i.v.) was administered 30 min before a moderate dose (100 mg/kg, i.v.) of paracetamol was given. plasma and bile concentrations of paracetamol, paracetamol glucuronide and paracetamol sulphate were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. the pharmacokinetics of paracetamol (100 mg/kg) alone was c ...	1995	8983934
examination of coumarins, flavonoids and polysaccharopeptide for antibacterial activity.	1. coumarins, flavonoids and polysaccharopeptide were tested for antibacterial activity. 2. the bacteria used for this study included clinical isolates of staphylococcus aureus, shigella flexneri, salmonella typhi, escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa. 3. most of the coumarins tested failed to inhibit the bacteria at 25 mg/l. edultin at 128 mg/l inhibited 4 of the 8 p. aeruginosa strains and 1 of the s. aureus strains tested. o-acetylcolumbianetin and imperatorin did not inhibit any isola ...	1996	8981074
degradation of anthracene by laccase of trametes versicolor in the presence of different mediator compounds.	laccase of trametes versicolor was generally able to oxidize anthracene in vitro. after 72 h incubation about 35% of the anthracene was transformed stoichiometrically to 9,10-anthraquinone. transformation of anthracene increased rapidly in the presence of different mediators that readily generate stable radicals: 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (abts) and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole. for the reaction, the presence of both the laccase and the mediator was necessary. in the prese ...	1996	8933845
the ligninolytic system of the white rot fungus pycnoporus cinnabarinus: purification and characterization of the laccase.	the white rot fungus pycnoporus cinnabarinus was characterized with respect to its set of extracellular phenoloxidases. laccase was produced as the predominant extracellular phenoloxidase in conjunction with low amounts of an unusual peroxidase. neither lignin peroxidase nor manganese peroxidase was detected. laccase was produced constitutively during primary metabolism. addition of the most effective inducer, 2,5-xylidine, enhanced laccase production ninefold without altering the isoenzyme patt ...	1996	8919775
isolation of laccase gene-specific sequences from white rot and brown rot fungi by pcr.	degenerate primers corresponding to the consensus sequences of the copper-binding regions in the n-terminal domains of known basidiomycete laccases were used to isolate laccase gene-specific sequences from strains representing nine genera of wood rot fungi. all except three gave the expected pcr product of about 200 bp. computer searches of the databases identified the sequence of each of the pcr products analyzed as a laccase gene sequence, suggesting the specificity of the primers. pcr product ...	1996	8837429