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molybdophyllysin, a toxic metalloendopeptidase from the tropical toadstool, chlorophyllum molybdites.a toxic protein, dubbed molybdophyllysin, was isolated from the tropical toadstool chlorophyllum molybdites by following its lethal effect in mice. analysis of the protein using sds-page revealed a single 23-kda band. sequence analysis of molybdophyllysin tryptic fragments showed that this protein is highly homologous to metalloendopeptidases (meps) obtained from edible mushrooms, such as grifola frondosa, pleurotus ostreatus, and armillaria mellea. these proteins include a hexxh+d zinc-binding ...201223063519
copper induction of enhanced green fluorescent protein expression in pleurotus ostreatus driven by laccase poxa1b promoter.in silico analyses of several laccase promoter sequences have shown the presence of many different responsive elements differentially distributed along the promoter sequences. analysis of pleurotus ostreatus laccase promoter poxa1b extending around 1400-bp upstream of the start codon showed the presence of several putative response elements, such as 10 metal-responsive elements. development of a system for in vivo analysis of p. ostreatus laccase promoter poxa1b by enhanced green fluorescent pro ...201223050832
a protein from pleurotus eryngii var. tuoliensis c.j. mou with strong removal activity against the natural steroid hormone, estriol: purification, characterization, and identification as a laccase.a protein with strong removal activity against the natural estrogen estriol was purified from a culture supernatant of pleurotus eryngii var. tuoliensis c.j. mou. the protein was characterized as a laccase and had a molecular mass of 60kda on sds-page. the enzyme was most active at ph 7.0 and 50°c. the partial n-terminal amino acid sequence of the enzyme showed homology with laccases from mushrooms, such as pleurotus ostreatus, coriolus versicolor (current name: trametes versicolor), pycnoporus ...201223040398
improvement of catalytic efficiency, thermo-stability and dye decolorization capability of pleurotus ostreatus ibl-02 laccase by hydrophobic sol gel entrapment. 201223021344
transgenic tobacco plants expressing a fungal laccase are able to reduce phenol content from olive mill wastewaters.a biotechnological approach was applied to reduce phenol content in olive mill wastewaters by transgenic tobacco plants. the cdna laccase of poxc gene from pleurotus ostreatus, carrying its own signal peptide for extracellular secretion, was transferred into the nicotiana tabacum genome. transgenic tobacco plants were obtained and the recombinant enzyme was secreted into the rhizosphere by the plant root apparatus, confirming the ability of the plant machinery to recognize the fungal poxc peptid ...201222908648
enhanced green fluorescent protein expression in pleurotus ostreatus for in vivo analysis of fungal laccase promoters.the laccase family of pleurotus ostreatus has been widely characterized, and studies of the genes coding for laccase isoenzymes in p. ostreatus have so far led to the identification of four different genes and the corresponding cdnas, poxc, pox1, poxa1b and poxa3. analyses of p. ostreatus laccase promoters poxc, pox1, poxa1b and poxa3 have allowed identification of several putative response elements, and sequences of metal-responsive elements involved in the formation of complexes with fungal pr ...201222893518
an environmentally friendly and cost effective technique for the commercial cultivation of oyster mushroom [pleurotus florida (mont.) singer].the existing protocol for the cultivation of oyster mushroom (pleurotus florida) in polyethylene bags leads to environmental pollution amounting to 18 g of polyethylene per 450 g of mushroom, which is the average biological efficiency achieved from a bag. thus the projected annual global pollution amounts to 2 million tones, corresponding to the production of 48 million tones. experiments were conducted at kerala agricultural university, india, to formulate an oyster mushroom cultivation strateg ...201322886527
vitamin d4 in mushrooms.an unknown vitamin d compound was observed in the hplc-uv chromatogram of edible mushrooms in the course of analyzing vitamin d(2) as part of a food composition study and confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to be vitamin d(4) (22-dihydroergocalciferol). vitamin d(4) was quantified by hplc with uv detection, with vitamin [(3)h] itamin d(3) as an internal standard. white button, crimini, portabella, enoki, shiitake, maitake, oyster, morel, chanterelle, and uv-treated portabella mu ...201222870201
effect of gamma and electron beam irradiation on the physico-chemical and nutritional properties of mushrooms: a review.the short shelf-life of mushrooms is an obstacle to the distribution and marketing of the fresh product. thus, prolonging postharvest storage, while preserving their quality, would benefit the mushroom industry as well as consumers. there has been extensive research on finding the most appropriate technology for mushrooms preservation. gamma, electron-beam and uv irradiation have been shown to be potential tools in extending the postharvest shelf-life of fresh mushrooms. studies evaluating the e ...201222868140
evaluation of antidiabetic potential of oyster mushroom (pleurotus ostreatus) in alloxan-induced diabetic mice.to study the antidiabetic activity of pleurotus ostreatus in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic mice.201322867521
involvement of the ligninolytic system of white-rot and litter-decomposing fungi in the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) are natural and anthropogenic aromatic hydrocarbons with two or more fused benzene rings. because of their ubiquitous occurrence, recalcitrance, bioaccumulation potential and carcinogenic activity, pahs are a significant environmental concern. ligninolytic fungi, such as phanerochaete chrysosporium, bjerkandera adusta, and pleurotus ostreatus, have the capacity of pah degradation. the enzymes involved in the degradation of pahs are ligninolytic and include ...201222830035
novel isolation of water-soluble polysaccharides from the fruiting bodies of pleurotus ostreatus mushrooms.novel water-soluble polysaccharides have been isolated from the fruiting bodies of the edible mushroom pleurotus ostreatus. three polysaccharide fractions were obtained by ethanol precipitation from cold water, hot water and hot aqueous naoh extracts. the fractions were purified by size exclusion chromatography showing a unique carbohydrate occurring in each fraction: pc from the cold fraction, ph from the hot fraction and pb from the hot aqueous naoh fraction. the analysis of the methylated ald ...201222824506
occurrence and accumulation of mercury in two species of wild grown pleurotus mushrooms from southeastern nigeria.the aim of this study was to evaluate the degree of contamination and intake rates, as well as the risk of hg contained in two wild species of pleurotus mushrooms--oyster mushroom (p. ostreatus) and king tuber mushroom (p. tuber-regium)--which are widely consumed in southeastern nigeria; and to also assess their potential to accumulate hg. the mean hg concentrations in caps of p. ostreatus from distant sites of ekeoba, ntigha, and ubakala in abia state, were 31±11, 28±8, and 29±5 ng g(-1) dry we ...201222818845
production, purification and characterization of laccase from pleurotus ostreatus grown on tomato pomace.a strain of pleurotus ostreatus was grown in tomato pomace as sole carbon source for production of laccase. the culture of p. ostreatus revealed a peak of laccase activity (147 u/l of fermentation broth) on the 4th day of culture with a specific activity of 2.8 u/mg protein. differential chromatographic behaviour of laccase was investigated on affinity chromatographic matrices containing either urea, acetamide, ethanolamine or ida as affinity ligands. laccase exhibited retention on such affinity ...201222806800
low-cost and low maintenance preservation of agaricus brasiliensis cultures.agaricus brasiliensis cultures quickly lose viability when stored at cool temperatures, even for a short period of time. we evaluated several low-cost preservation methods using varied substrates, preservation solutions, and storage temperatures. agaricus brasiliensis was intolerant to freezing temperatures, making liquid nitrogen use and deep-freezing methods impossible for its preservation. the best preservation conditions for the a. brasiliensis cs1 strain tested in this study were obtained b ...201222806115
antioxidant properties of polysaccharides obtained by batch cultivation of pleurotus ostreatus mycelium.the antioxidant activity of the exopolysaccharides (eps) and intracellular polysaccharides (ips) obtained from the mycelia obtained by submerged culture of two edible pleurotus ostreatus strains, pqmz91109 and psi101109 in a batch bioreactor was determined. eps and ips showed significant antioxidant activities (in vitro) especially in the scavenging effect on the dpph and abts radicals, reducing power and chelating effect on ferrous ions. the tests proved the differences between the two mushroom ...201322784237
[cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis cae and raman spectroscopy as a method identification of beta-glucans, used as biologically and therapeutically active biomaterials].the formation of ages progressively increases with normal aging, even in the absence of disease (the pathogenesis of diabetes associated vascular disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, including alzheimer's disease, parkinson's disease). however, they are formed at accelerated rates in age-related diseases. the polysaccharides might play a role in wound healing, both internally and externally, and also that they could play a role against inflammation and may lead to the production of better m ...201222783735
hypolipidemic activities of dietary pleurotus ostreatus in hypercholesterolemic rats.this work was conducted to investigate dietary supplementation of oyster mushroom fruiting bodies on biochemical and histological changes in hyper and normocholesterolemic rats. six-week old female sprague-dawley albino rats were divided into three groups of 10 rats each. feeding a diet containing a 5% powder of pleurotus ostreatus fruiting bodies to hypercholesterolemic rats reduced plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (ldl), total lipid, phospholipids, and ldl/high-d ...201122783072
biological activities of the polysaccharides produced in submerged culture of two edible pleurotus ostreatus mushrooms.exopolysaccharides (eps) and internal (intracellular) polysaccharides (ips) obtained from the pleurotus ostreatus m2191 and pbs281009 cultivated using the batch system revealed an average of between 0.1-2 (eps) and 0.07-1.5 g/l/day (ips). the carbohydrate analysis revealed that the polysaccharides comprised 87-89% eps and 68-74% ips. the investigation of antioxidant activity in vitro revealed a good antioxidant potential, particularly for the ips and eps isolated from pbs281009, as proved by the ...201222778553
[dna marking of some quantitative trait loci in the cultivated edible mushroom pleurotus ostratus (fr.) kumm].fungi of the genus pleurotus, in particular, species pleurotus ostreatus (common oyster mushroom) are among most cultivated fungi in the world. due to intense rates of development of studies in this field, efficient breeding programs are highly required in the search for new p. ostreatus strains. the principal traits used worldwide for selecting strains are intensity of fruitbearing, fruit body cap color (for some consumptive markets), and mycelium growth rate. in this connection, the objective ...201222730765
nutritional values and antioxidant potential of some edible mushrooms of kashmir valley.mushrooms are considered rich in proteins, carbohydrates and other nutrients. the present study was carried out to evaluate some edible mushrooms of kashmir valley for their protein, carbohydrate and lipid contents. the highest protein content was found in boletus edulis (2.20g) followed by agaricus bisporus (1.80g), pleurotus ostreatus (1.68g), morchella esculenta (1.62g) and pleurotus sajor caju (1.6g). carbohydrate content also showed variation in all the five tested edible mushroom species, ...201222713951
curing viruses in pleurotus ostreatus by growth on a limited nutrient medium containing camp and rifamycin.oyster mushroom spherical virus (omsv) and oyster mushroom isometric virus (omiv) are the causative agents of a fruiting body deformation disease in the edible mushroom pleurotus ostreatus. the curing of these mycoviruses was facilitated by a serial transfer of infected mycelia onto a limited nutrient medium containing 1mm of camp and 75 μg/ml of rifamycin (camp-rifamycin plate). the mycelia were grown on camp-rifamycin plates for 5 successive passages. elisa and rt-pcr showed that the amount of ...201222705083
antioxidant activities and total phenolic content of aqueous extract of pleurotus ostreatus (cultivated oyster mushroom).pleurotus ostreatus better known as oyster mushroom is widely cultivated and consumed as food in malaysia. the present study aims to assess the antioxidative potential and total phenolic content of p. ostreatus aqueous extract. the antioxidant activities were evaluated against dpph and abts radical-scavenging activity, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (frap) and β-carotene-linoleate bleaching assay, and the folin-ciocalteu method for total phenolic content (tpc). the dpph and abts radical-scave ...201022691933
rapid strain classification and taxa delimitation within the edible mushroom genus pleurotus through the use of diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform (drift) spectroscopy.fourier transform infrared (ft-ir) spectroscopy has been successfully applied for the identification of bacteria and yeasts, but only to a limited extent for discriminating specific groups of filamentous fungi. in the frame of this study, 73 strains - from different associated hosts/substrates and geographic regions - representing 16 taxa of the edible mushroom genus pleurotus (basidiomycota, agaricales) were examined through the use of diffuse reflectance infrared fourier transform (drift) spec ...201222658316
antioxidant and antitumor activities of selenium- and zinc-enriched oyster mushroom in mice.selenium and zinc are well-known essential trace elements with potent biological functions. however, the possible health benefits of the combined administration of dietary selenium and zinc have not been studied extensively. in this study, we prepared selenium- and zinc-enriched mushrooms (szms) containing increased levels of selenium and zinc. the effects of szms on antioxidant and antitumor activities were evaluated. mice were fed with either a control diet or a diet supplemented with szms or ...201222639385
predominance of a versatile-peroxidase-encoding gene, mnp4, as demonstrated by gene replacement via a gene targeting system for pleurotus ostreatus.pleurotus ostreatus (the oyster mushroom) and other white rot filamentous basidiomycetes are key players in the global carbon cycle. p. ostreatus is also a commercially important edible fungus with medicinal properties and is important for biotechnological and environmental applications. efficient gene targeting via homologous recombination (hr) is a fundamental tool for facilitating comprehensive gene function studies. since the natural hr frequency in pleurotus transformations is low (2.3%), t ...201222636004
an improved sequence-aided t-rflp analysis of bacterial succession during oyster mushroom substrate preparation.while oyster mushroom (pleurotus spp.) is one of the most popular cultivated edible mushrooms, there is scanty information about the microbial community taking part in mushroom substrate production. in this study, an improved sequence-aided terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-rflp) was used to identify and (semi-)quantify the dominant bacteria of oyster mushroom substrate preparation. the main features of the improved t-rflp data analysis were the alignment of chromatograms with ...201222614940
biological removal of azo and triphenylmethane dyes and toxicity of process by-products.increasing environmental pollution is connected with broad applications of dyes and imperfection of dyeing technology. decolourization of triphenylmethane brilliant green and disazo evans blue by bacterial and fungal strains and toxicity (phyto- and zootoxicity) of degradation by-products were investigated. influence of incubation method on dyes removal was evaluated (static, semi-static, shaken). dead biomass was used for sorption estimation. toxicity of treated dyes was measured to estimate po ...201122593606
the cancer preventive effects of edible mushrooms.an increasing body of scientific literature suggests that dietary components may exert cancer preventive effects. tea, soy, cruciferous vegetables and other foods have been investigated for their cancer preventive potential. some non-edible mushrooms like reishi (ganoderma lucidum) have a history use, both alone and in conjunction with standard therapies, for the treatment of various diseases including cancer in some cultures. they have shown efficacy in a number of scientific studies. by compar ...201222583406
characterization and in vitro antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from pleurotus ostreatus.two polysaccharide fractions (pspo-1a and pspo-4a) were isolated from the fruiting bodies of pleurotus ostreatus using ethanol precipitation, anion-exchange chromatography and gel permeation chromatography. both fractions were heteropolysaccharide containing protein and uronic acid. pspo-1a was composed of mannose, glucose, galactose, xylose and rhamnose with a molar ratio of 2.47:0.91:1.00:1.66:3.87. pspo-4a was composed of only three monosaccharides: rhamnose, mannose and galactose with a mola ...201222579737
some macronutrient content in mycelia and culture broth of medicinal mushrooms cultivated on amaranth flour.the content of proteins, lipids, and amino and fatty acids was investigated in mycelium and culture broth of medicinal mushrooms cordyceps sinensis, pleurotus ostreatus, and schizophyllum commune. seven essential amino acids were present in the proteins of all mushroom samples, with aspartic (6.34%-14.29%) and glutamic (15.12%-17.51%) acids predominating in culture mycelium and glutamic acid (16.3%-19.1%) in culture broth. lipids in the mycelium of species c. sinensis, p. ostreatus, and sch. com ...201222577978
effect of incorporation of mushroom (pleurotus sajor-caju) powder on quality characteristics of papad (indian snack food).papad is familiarly known as an indian food adjunct or snack food. in this study, attempts have been made to increase the protein, minerals and crude fibre content of the papad with incorporation of pleurotus sajor-caju powder to develop a novel snack food. mushroom powder was added in different proportions with other ingredients of the papad and the prepared papad was subjected to physicochemical and sensorial analyses. mushrooms pretreated with 1% potassium metabisulphite followed by whey trea ...201222574961
mushroom polysaccharides and lipids synthesized in liquid agitated and static cultures. part i: screening various mushroom species.the effect of four synthetic media containing glucose (initial concentration 30 g l(-1)) on mycelial growth, exopolysaccharides (eps) and cellular lipids production was examined in 11 mushroom species after 12 and 16 days of culture in static- and shake-flasks. fatty acid analysis of cellular lipids produced was also performed. agitation had a positive effect on biomass production, glucose consumption and lipid biosynthesis. media that favoured the production of biomass were not suitable for eps ...201222573010
hydrophobin vmh2-glucose complexes self-assemble in nanometric biofilms.hydrophobins are small proteins secreted by fungi, which self-assemble into amphipathic membranes at air-liquid or liquid-solid interfaces. the physical and chemical properties of some hydrophobins, both in solution and as a biofilm, are affected by poly or oligosaccharides. we have studied the interaction between glucose and the hydrophobin vmh2 from pleurotus ostreatus by spectroscopic ellipsometry (se), atomic force microscopy (afm) and water contact angle (wca). we have found that vmh2-gluco ...201222572031
biodecontamination of aqueous substrates from bisphenol a by ligninolytic fungi.bisphenol a (bpa) is an endocrine disruptor compound of health concern in natural systems. in this study, bpa removal from solid and aqueous matrices by ligninolytic fungi was investigated. three white rot fungi, trametes versicolor (tra), stereum hirsutum (ste) and pleurotus ostreatus (ple) were evaluated for their capacity to remove bpa added at concentrations of 4.6 and 46 mg l(-1) from potato dextrose agar (pda) growth medium and at 4.6 mg l(-1) from aqueous solutions. further, the inhibitio ...201222571528
isolation of new pseudomonas tolaasii bacteriophages and genomic investigation of the lytic phage bf7.sixteen lytic bacteriophages that infect pseudomonas tolaasii lmg 2342(t) were isolated from smashed sporocarps of oyster mushroom (pleurotus ostreatus) showing necrotic symptoms. on the basis of the host range investigation of the phages, they have wide infection abilities against the genus pseudomonas, mainly in the case of phages bf3, bf7, bf10, and bf15. molecular investigations have revealed that they all have dsdna genomes about 40 kbp in size. identical restriction patterns resulting from ...201222568623
raw and fungal-treated olive-mill wastewater effects on selected parameters of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) growth--the role of proline.olive-mill wastewater (omw) constitutes a major agricultural waste stream for which disposal is associated with significant environmental repercussions. no data are available on the effects of biotreated omw and of the protective role of exogenously provided proline on plant physiology. in the present study, omw was administered, either raw or previously treated by the white-rot fungus pleurotus ostreatus, with or without proline amendment, to lettuce plants growing in sterilized sand. biotreate ...201222560036
the mitochondrial genome of moniliophthora roreri, the frosty pod rot pathogen of cacao.in this study, we report the sequence of the mitochondrial (mt) genome of the basidiomycete fungus moniliophthora roreri, which is the etiologic agent of frosty pod rot of cacao (theobroma cacao l.). we also compare it to the mtdna from the closely-related species moniliophthora perniciosa, which causes witches' broom disease of cacao. the 94 kb mtdna genome of m. roreri has a circular topology and codes for the typical 14 mt genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation. it also codes for both rr ...201222559916
biodegradation of pcbs by ligninolytic fungi and characterization of the degradation products.the aim of the present study was to compare the degrading capabilities of eight ligninolytic fungal representatives towards a technical mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls (delor 103). axenic cultures of the fungi, either in complex or n-limited liquid media, were spiked with the technical mixture of delor 103. all of the fungal strains were able to degrade the pollutant significantly after 6weeks of incubation in both media. outstanding results were achieved by the treatment with pleurotus ost ...201222546633
screening of medicinal higher basidiomycetes mushrooms from turkey for lovastatin production.as a first attempt, a study was carried out to test for lovastatin production ability in local higher basidiomycetes mushroom isolates from turkey. an extended screening was performed for lovastatin production in yeast lactose agar medium, among a total of 136 macrofungi isolates from the basidiomycetes culture collection of eskisehir osmangazi university. lovastatin production was evaluated by disc diffusion method and was also confirmed by tlc and hplc. only six isolates were found to be lovas ...201222506575
characterization of laccase isoforms produced by pleurotus ostreatus in solid state fermentation of sugarcane bagasse.laccases are oxidative enzymes linked to biological degradation of lignin. the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of inducers and different concentrations of nitrogen on production level of total laccase activity and pattern of laccase isoforms, produced in solid state fermentation of sugarcane bagasse by a selected strain of pleurotus ostreatus. the addition of yeast extract 5 g/l, copper sulfate 150 μm and ferulic acid 2 mm provided highest enzymatic activity (167 u/g) and zymograms i ...201222487128
gastroprotective activities of a polysaccharide from the fruiting bodies of pleurotus ostreatus in rats.in this study, a water-soluble polysaccharide (popw) was successfully purified and identified from the fruiting bodies of pleurotus ostreatus, with a molecular weight of 2.3×10(4)da. popw contained 97.1% total sugar, 0.3% uronic acid and 0.2% protein. gas chromatography (gc) analysis suggested that popw was composed of glc (52.3%), gal (25.8%), man (10.0%), rha (6.1%), and ara (5.2%). animal experiments showed that oral administration with popw significantly inhibited acetic acid-induced gastric ...201222484446
biodegradation and detoxification of olive mill wastewater by selected strains of the mushroom genera ganoderma and pleurotus.thirty-nine white-rot fungi belonging to nine species of agaricomycotina (basidiomycota) were initially screened for their ability to decrease olive-mill wastewater (omw) phenolics. four strains of ganoderma australe, ganoderma carnosum, pleurotus eryngii and pleurotus ostreatus, were selected and further examined for key-aspects of the omw biodegradation process. fungal growth in omw-containing batch cultures resulted in significant decolorization (by 40-46% and 60-65% for ganoderma and pleurot ...201222480939
anti-leukemic and immunomodulatory effects of fungal metabolites of pleurotus pulmonarius and pleurotus ostreatus on benzene-induced leukemia in wister rats.the use of natural bioactive compounds in conventional chemotherapy is a new direction in cancer treatment that is gaining more research attention recently. bioactive polysaccharides and polysaccharide-protein complexes from some fungi (edible mushrooms) have been identified as sources of effective and non-toxic antineoplastic agents. selected oyster mushrooms (pleurotus pulmonarius and p. ostreatus being local [nigeria] and exotic strains, respectively) were cultured on a novel medium of yeast ...201222479280
transcriptional and enzymatic profiling of pleurotus ostreatus laccase genes in submerged and solid-state fermentation cultures.the genome of the white rot basidiomycete pleurotus ostreatus includes 12 phenol oxidase (laccase) genes. in this study, we examined their expression profiles in different fungal strains under different culture conditions (submerged and solid cultures) and in the presence of a wheat straw extract, which was used as an inducer of the laccase gene family. we used a reverse transcription-quantitative pcr (rt-qpcr)-based approach and focused on determining the reaction parameters (in particular, the ...201222467498
in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of ethanolic extract of lyophilized mycelium of pleurotus ostreatus pqmz91109.the antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of the ethanolic extract of pleurotus ostreatus pqmz91109 mycelium was determined based on inorganic and organic nitrogen sources in the culture medium. the presence of ammonium sulfate resulted in a greater accumulation of bioactive compounds compared with the organic ones. this finding was also confirmed by the low values of the ascertained ec(50) and minimum inhibitory concentration (mics). among the organic sources, peptone followed by corn extract ...201222450678
isolation of high quality and yield of rna from agaricus bisporus with a simple, inexpensive and reliable method.a method for isolating high purity and quantity rna from agaricus bisporus which is rich in proteins, carbohydrate, fiber and secondary metabolites, is described. rna was extracted from mycelium, primordia, sporophores at two development stages and two post-harvest storage stages as well as from pileipellis, inner cap, gill and stipe of the mature sporophore. the a(260)/a(230) and a(260)/a(280) ratios of isolated rna from fruiting bodies were both ~2 and the yield was about 200 μg/g fresh wt (fw ...201222447099
effects of fermented oyster mushroom ( pleurotus ostreats) by-product supplementation on growth performance, blood parameters and meat quality in finishing berkshire pigs.the objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of fermented oyster mushroom (pleurotus ostreats) by-production (fomp) supplementation on the growth performance, blood parameters, carcass traits and meat quality in finishing berkshire pigs. fomp was made by mixing oyster mushroom by-production with rice bran and barley bran and this mixture was fermented for 60 days. the experimental diets were 0, 3, 5 and 7% of fomp added to c, t1, t2 and t3 in the basis diet for 7 weeks. aver ...200722444296
biodegradation of oxytetracycline by pleurotus ostreatus mycelium: a mycoremediation technique.oxytetracycline (otc) is administered in high doses to livestocks and enters the environmental compartments as a consequence of animal waste disposal. as a first step in setting up a useful mycoremediation technique, an otc lab degradation test was performed in liquid medium using the ligninolytic fungus pleurotus ostreatus. otc disappearance in culture medium was clearly evident as early as the third day of exposure onwards, with an almost complete removal after 14d. the drug removal was mediat ...201222436341
transcriptional analysis of pleurotus ostreatus laccase genes.fungal laccases (p-diphenol:oxygen oxidoreductase; ec 1.10.3.2) are multi-copper-containing oxidases that catalyse the oxidation of a great variety of phenolic compounds and aromatic amines through simultaneous reduction of molecular oxygen to water. fungi generally produce several laccase isoenzymes encoded by complex multi-gene families. the pleurotus ostreatus genome encodes 11 putative laccase coding genes, and only six different laccase isoenzymes have been isolated and characterised so far ...201322395908
submerged fermentation of the edible mushroom pleurotus ostreatus in a batch stirred tank bioreactor as a promising alternative for the effective production of bioactive metabolites.the aim of this study was to investigate the potential of the submerged fermentation procedure in the production of bioactive metabolites of the common edible mushroom pleurotus ostreatus. the biomass of the mushroom strain was produced by submerged fermentation in a batch stirred tank bioreactor and extracted by solvents of increasing polarity. the dichloromethane and methanol extract were fractioned by different techniques including adsorption chromatography and fast centrifugal partition chro ...201222395402
pcbs stimulate laccase production and activity in pleurotus ostreatus thus promoting their removal.pleurotus ostreatus degrades polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) with an increase of laccase activity. laccases are well known for their detoxifying activity. we show, using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and a biochemical assay, that reduction in pcbs (di, tri, tetra, and penta) levels are correlated with an increase in laccase activity. p. ostreatus cultures were obtained from 0 to 30 days in the presence or absence of 7,100 mg/l pcbs (from transformer oil) and a surfactant. afte ...201222388978
laccase production by the aquatic ascomycete phoma sp. uhh 5-1-03 and the white rot basidiomycete pleurotus ostreatus dsm 1833 during submerged cultivation on banana peels and enzyme applicability for the removal of endocrine-disrupting chemicals.this work aimed to study the production of laccase from pleurotus ostreatus dsm 1833 and phoma sp. uhh 5-1-03 using banana peels as alternative carbon source, the subsequent partial purification and characterization of the enzyme, as well the applicability to degrade endocrine disruptors. the laccase stability with ph and temperature, the optimum ph, the k (m) and v(max) parameters, and the molar mass were determined. tests were conducted for assessing the ability of degradation of the endocrine ...201222371062
changes in the activities of enzymes involved in the degradation of butylbenzyl phthalate by pleurotus ostreatus.degradation of butylbenzyl phthalate (bbp) by the white rot fungus pleurotus ostreatus and the activities of some degrading enzymes were examined in two different media containing 100 mg/l of the compound. p. ostreatus pregrown for 7 days in complex ymg medium was able to completely degrade bbp within an additional 24 h but degraded only 35 mg/l of bbp in 5 days of incubation in minimal medium. fungal cell mass in the culture in ymg medium was higher in the presence than in the absence of bbp. t ...201222370356
antioxidant properties and phenolic profile of the most widely appreciated cultivated mushrooms: a comparative study between in vivo and in vitro samples.the present study reports a comparison of the antioxidant properties and phenolic profile of the most consumed species as fresh cultivated mushrooms and their mycelia produced in vitro: agaricus bisporus (white and brown), pleurotus ostreatus (oyster), pleurotus eryngii (king oyster) and lentinula edodes (shiitake). the antioxidant activity was evaluated through reducing power (folin-ciocalteu and ferricyanide/prussian blue assays), free radical scavenging activity (dpph assay) and lipid peroxid ...201222369965
preparation of culinary-medicinal king oyster mushroom pleurotus eryngii-fermented products with high ergothioneine content and their taste quality.pleurotus eryngii (dc. : fr.) ouel. was used in solid-state fermentation to develop novel mushroom products with a high amount of ergothioneine. the correlation coefficients between ergothioneine content and biomass were 0.8878 and 0.9206 for fermented adlay and buckwheat, respectively. using optimal conditions, pleurotus-fermented adlay and buckwheat (pfa and pfb) with the ergothioneine contents of 795.5 and 786.1 mg/ kg, respectively, were prepared. however, mycelia contained the highest ergot ...201222339711
hypolipidemic and antiatherogenesis effect of culinary-medicinal pink oyster mushroom, pleurotus salmoneostramineus l. vass. (higher basidiomycetes), in hypercholesterolemic rats.the present study was conducted to investigate dietary supplementation of pleurotus salmoneostramineus fruiting bodies on biochemical and histological effects in hyper- and normocholesterolemic rats. six-week-old female sprague-dawley albino rats were divided into three groups of 10 rats each. feeding of diet containing a 5% powder of the fruiting bodies of p. salmoneostramineus in hypercholesterolemic rats reduced plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, total lipid, pho ...201222339705
expression of hygromycin b resistance in oyster culinary-medicinal mushroom, pleurotus ostreatus (jacq.:fr.)p. kumm. (higher basidiomycetes) using three gene expression systems.three hygromycin b phosphotransferase (hph) gene expression systems for culinary-medicinal oyster mushroom, pleurotus ostreatus, plasmid pshc, pan7-1, and pbht1 were evaluated through peg/cacl(2)-mediated protoplast transformation. plasmid pshc is a newly constructed hph gene expression system, composed of escherichia coli hph gene, the p. ostreatus sdi promoter, and the camv35s terminator. the vector pan7-1 was commonly used for integrative transformation in filamentous fungi. plasmid pbhtl is ...201222339704
indole compounds in some culinary-medicinal higher basidiomycetes from poland.methanolic extracts of two species collected from natural habitats in poland, boletus edulis and suillus luteus, and one species from a commercial source, pleurotus ostreatus, were analyzed for the presence of non-hallucinogenic indole compounds. the contents of indole compounds in these species were both qualitatively and quantitatively diverse, ranging from 0.01 to 34.11 mg/100 g d.w. two of 11 tested indole compounds, 5-hydroxytryptophan (0.18, 2.08, 1.63 mg/100 g d.w.) and serotonin (6.52, 1 ...201122324410
antitumor effect of culinary-medicinal oyster mushroom, pleurotus ostreatus (jacq.: fr.) p. kumm., derived protein fraction on tumor-bearing mice models.previously, we reported the in vitro anticancer and immunomodulatory effect of a protein fraction designated as cibacron blue affinity purified protein (cbaep) obtained from the culinary-medicinal oyster mushroom, pleurotus ostreatus. in the present study, we investigated the in vivo antitumor potential of cbaep in different tumor-bearing mice models and studied the detailed mechanism of tumor regression in dalton lymphoma (dl)-bearing mice. the lethal dose (ld50) of cbaep was found to be 55 mg/ ...201122324408
biodecontamination of water from bisphenol a using ligninolytic fungi and the modulation role of humic acids.bisphenol a (bpa) is an endocrine disruptor compound (edc) of xenobiotic origin occurring in natural waters and wastewaters, especially in the most industrialized and urbanized areas. recent investigations report the use of ligninolytic fungi for the removal of aromatic contaminants, including some edcs, from different matrices. humic acids (ha) are widely spread in all natural systems and their presence is ascertained to interfere with microbial growth and activity. the objective of this study ...201222305120
environmental conditions modulate the switch among different states of the hydrophobin vmh2 from pleurotus ostreatus.fungal hydrophobins are amphipathic, highly surface-active, and self-assembling proteins. the class i hydrophobin vmh2 from the basidiomycete fungus pleurotus ostreatus seems to be the most hydrophobic hydrophobin characterized so far. structural and functional properties of the protein as a function of the environmental conditions have been determined. at least three distinct phenomena can occur, being modulated by the environmental conditions: (1) when the ph increases or in the presence of ca ...201222292968
production, purification and characterisation of polysaccharides from pleurotus ostreatus with antitumour activity.mushroom polysaccharides play an important role in functional foods because they exhibit biological modulator properties such as antitumour, antiviral and antibacterial activities. the present study involved the production, purification and characterisation of intracellular and extracellular free and protein-bound polysaccharides from pleurotus ostreatus and the investigation of their growth-inhibitory effect on human carcinoma cell lines.201222234986
[effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on laccase production by white rot fungus pleurotus ostreatus d1].the effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) on the dynamics of laccase production by the fungus pleurotus ostreatus d1 under conditions of submerged cultivation on kirk's medium has been studied. it has been shown that phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, and chrysene actively induce this enzyme, whereas fluorene and anthrecene had a smaller effect. addition of mn2+ ions to cultivation medium elevates the laccase activity twofold and more in the presence of all the studied pahs. electro ...201622232903
construction of a genetic linkage map based on amplified fragment length polymorphism markers and development of sequence-tagged site markers for marker-assisted selection of the sporeless trait in the oyster mushroom (pleurotus eryngii).a large number of spores from fruiting bodies can lead to allergic reactions and other problems during the cultivation of edible mushrooms, including pleurotus eryngii (dc.) quél. a cultivar harboring a sporulation-deficient (sporeless) mutation would be useful for preventing these problems, but traditional breeding requires extensive time and labor. in this study, using a sporeless p. eryngii strain, we constructed a genetic linkage map to introduce a molecular breeding program like marker-assi ...201222210222
photo-irradiated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using edible mushroom pleurotus florida and their antibacterial activity studies.this is a report on photo-irradiated extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles using the aqueous extract of edible oyster mushroom (pleurotus florida) as a reducing agent. the appearance, size, and shape of the silver nanoparticles are understood by uv-visible spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. the x-ray diffraction studies, energy dispersive x-ray analysis indicate that particles are crystalline in natu ...201122190895
self-assembly of hydrophobin protein rodlets studied with atomic force spectroscopy in dynamic mode.we have investigated the self-assembling properties of the class i hydrophobin vmh2 isolated from the fungus pleurotus ostreatus. five different hydrophobin self assembled samples including monolayers, bilayers, and rodlets have been prepared by langmuir technique and studied at the nanoscale. local wettability and visco-elasticity of the different hydrophobins samples were obtained from atomic force spectroscopy experiments in dynamic mode performed at different, controlled relative humidity (r ...201222181848
strategies for dephenolization of raw olive mill wastewater by means of pleurotus ostreatus.the reduction of polyphenols content in olive mill wastewater (omw) is a major issue in olive oil manufacturing. although researchers have pointed out the potential of white-rot fungus in dephenolizing omw, the results available in the literature mainly concern pretreated (sterilized) omw. this paper deals with the reduction of polyphenols content in untreated omw by means of a white-rot fungus, pleurotus ostreatus. dephenolization was performed both in an airlift bioreactor and in aerated flask ...201222179541
pleurotus ostreatus spent mushroom compost as green biosorbent for nickel (ii) biosorption.the potential of pleurotus ostreatus spent mushroom compost (psmc) as a green biosorbent for nickel (ii) biosorption was investigated in this study. a novel approach of using the half-saturation concentration of biosorbent to rapidly determine the uptake, kinetics and mechanism of biosorption was employed together with cost per unit uptake analysis to determine the potential of this biosorbent. fifty per cent nickel (ii) biosorption was obtained at a half-saturation constant of 0.7 g biosorbent ...201122170837
chemical composition and nutrition value of dried cultivated culinary-medicinal mushrooms from turkey.dietary fiber, raw fiber, fructose, glucose, sucrose, maltose, vitamin a (retinol), b1 (thiamine), b2 (riboflavin), b6 (pyridoxine), and niacin contents of dried cultivated mushroom species agaricus bisporus (white and brown), lentinus edodes, and pleurotus ostreatus were determined and evaluated for nutrient and chemical composition. assays of dried mushroom samples were carried out after the drying process. dried shiitake samples showed the highest dietary fiber and raw fiber content (23.23 +/ ...201122164765
in vitro prevention of cataract by oyster mushroom pleurotus florida extract on isolated goat eye lens.the aim of the present work was to evaluate the in vitro effect of pleurotus florida extract cataract induced by glucose.201122144771
Engineered tobacco and microalgae secreting the fungal laccase POXA1b reduce phenol content in olive oil mill wastewater.Olive oil mill wastewaters (OMWs) are characterised by low pH and a high content of mono- and polyaromatic compounds that exert microbial and phytotoxic activity. The laccase cDNA of the poxA1b gene from Pleurotus ostreatus, carrying a signal peptide sequence for enzyme secretion and driven by the CaMV 35S promoter, was cloned into a plant expression vector. Nuclear genetic transformation was carried out by co-cultivation of Agrobacterium tumefaciens with tobacco cv Samsun NN leaves and cells of ...201122142729
cultivation of the culinary-medicinal lung oyster mushroom, pleurotus pulmonarius (fr.) quél. (agaricomycetideae) on grass plants in taiwan.cultivation of the culinary-medicinal lung oyster mushroom, pleurotus pulmonarius, on the stalks of three grass plants, i.e., panicum repens, pennisetum purpureum, and zea mays were investigated. the effects of various combinatorial substrates on mushroom mycelial growth and yield calculated as biological efficiency (be) were determined. among 9 experimental substrates, the most suitable substrate for mycelial growth was 45zms:45s, followed by 45prs:45s; their mycelial growth rates were obviousl ...201122135896
Antioxidant properties of extracts of wild medicinal mushroom species from Croatia.Antioxidant activity and total phenol (TP) content of methanol and water extracts of three wild Croatian mushroom species Auricularia auricula-judae (Bull.) Quél., Sarcoscypha austriaca (Sacc.) Boud., and Strobilurus esculentus (Wulfen) Singer were determined and compared with the values obtained for extracts of four cultivated mushrooms Agaricus bisporus (J.E. Lange) Imbach (brown and white strains), Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm., and Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Singer. Spectrophotometric de ...201122135877
comparative study of antioxidant activities and total phenolic content of selected edible wild mushrooms.the present study aims to assess the antioxidant activities (aoa) and total phenolic content (tpc) of water extracts of selected edible wild mushrooms: pleurotus porrigens, schizophyllum commune, hygrocybe conica, and lentinus ciliatus. the aoa were evaluated against dpph radical and abts radical cation scavenging ability, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (frap) and beta-carotene-linoleate bleaching (beta-cb) assays, and the folin-ciocalteu method for tpc. bha was used as reference. p. porrigen ...201122135876
Trypanocidal Activity of Ergosterol Peroxide from Pleurotus ostreatus.Chagas' disease, which is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is a public health problem in South America affecting millions of people, and more recently several thousands in countries where the disease is not endemic. Due to the magnitude of the problem, finding a cure for this disease remains a major challenge. The aim of this study is to evaluate the trypanocidal activity of ergosterol peroxide (5a, 8a-epidioxy-22E-ergosta-6, 22-dien-3ß-ol) isolated from Pleurotus ostreatus (J ...201122083593
a family gh51 α-l: -arabinofuranosidase from pleurotus ostreatus: identification, recombinant expression and characterization.an α-l: -arabinofuranosidase produced by pleurotus ostreatus (poabf) during solid state fermentation on tomato pomace was identified and the corresponding gene and cdna were cloned and sequenced. molecular analysis showed that the poabf gene carries 26 exons interrupted by 25 introns and has an open reading frame encoding a protein of 646 amino acid residues, including a signal peptide of 20 amino acid residues. the amino acid sequence similar to the other α-l: -arabinofuranosidases indicated th ...201122080345
pleurotus ostreatus heme peroxidases: an in silico analysis from the genome sequence to the enzyme molecular structure.an exhaustive screening of the pleurotus ostreatus genome was performed to search for nucleotide sequences of heme peroxidases in this white-rot fungus, which could be useful for different biotechnological applications. after sequence identification and manual curation of the corresponding genes and cdnas, the deduced amino acid sequences were converted into structural homology models. a comparative study of these sequences and their structural models with those of known fungal peroxidases revea ...201122078736
fungal laccases: versatile tools for lignocellulose transformation.conversion of lignocellulosic materials to useful, high value products normally requires a pre-treatment step to transform or deconstruct the recalcitrant and heterogeneous lignin fraction. the development of "green tools" for the transformation of lignocellulosic feedstocks is in high demand for a sustainable exploitation of such resources. this multi-faceted challenge is being addressed by an ever-increasing suite of ligninolytic enzymes isolated from various sources. among these, fungal lacca ...201122078735
low impact strategies to improve ligninolytic enzyme production in filamentous fungi: the case of laccase in pleurotus ostreatus.the ever-increasing demand of laccases for biodelignification, industrial oxidative processes and environmental bioremediation requires the production of large quantities of enzymes at low cost. the present work was carried out to reduce laccase production costs in liquid fermentations of the white-rot fungus pleurotus ostreatus through two different approaches. in the first, screening of fungal spent media as natural laccase inducer was performed, eliminating the presence of potentially toxic/r ...201122078734
genomics and transcriptomics characterization of genes expressed during postharvest at 4°c by the edible basidiomycete pleurotus ostreatus.pleurotus ostreatus is an industrially cultivated basidiomycete with nutritional and environmental applications. its genome, which was sequenced by the joint genome institute, has become a model for lignin degradation and for fungal genomics and transcriptomics studies. the complete p. ostreatus genome contains 35 mbp organized in 11 chromosomes, and two different haploid genomes have been individually sequenced. in this work, genomics and transcriptomics approaches were employed in the study of ...201122069155
Chemical composition and nutritional value of the most widely appreciated cultivated mushrooms: An inter-species comparative study.Herein, it was reported and compared the chemical composition and nutritional value of the most consumed species as fresh cultivated mushrooms: Agaricus bisporus (white and brown mushrooms), Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom), Pleurotus eryngii (King oyster mushroom), Lentinula edodes (Shiitake) and Flammulina velutipes (Golden needle mushroom). Shiitake revealed the highest levels of macronutrients, unless proteins, as also the highest sugars, tocopherols and PUFA levels, and the lowest SFA ...201122056333
biosorption of methylene blue onto spent corncob substrate: kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamic studies.this study focuses on the possible use of the spent corncob substrate (scs), an agricultural waste used after the cultivation of white rot fungus pleurotus ostreatus, to adsorb methylene blue (mb) from aqueous solutions. a batch adsorption study was carried out with variable solution ph, adsorption time, temperature and initial mb concentration. it was found that mb uptake was favorable at ph ranging from 4.0 to 12.0 and the equilibrium adsorption capacity can be reached promptly within about 18 ...201122049698
influence of pleurotus ostreatus inoculation on wood degradation and fungal colonization.the influence of pleurotus ostreatus inoculation on wood degradation and on fungal community structure was studied. the experiments were performed on an organically poor fly ash deposit covered with a 10 cm layer of beech wood chips inoculated with p. ostreatus isolate zim76. compared to non-inoculated wood chips, inoculation increased the temperatures and relative humidities and, in the first 6 months, accelerated klason lignin degradation by 9% and also, after 17 months, increased iron translo ...201121963903
biodegradation of chlorobenzoic acids by ligninolytic fungi.we investigated the abilities of several perspective ligninolytic fungal strains to degrade 12 mono-, di- and trichloro representatives of chlorobenzoic acids (cbas) under model liquid conditions and in contaminated soil. attention was also paid to toxicity changes during the degradation, estimated using two luminescent assay variations with vibrio fischeri. the results show that almost all the fungi were able to efficiently degrade cbas in liquid media, where irpex lacteus, pycnoporus cinnabari ...201121963171
Acylhomoserine lactone production by bacteria associated with cultivated mushrooms.The main bacterial pathogens of cultivated mushroom as well as mushroom-associated bacteria, which were isolated from Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus eryngii mushroom niches, were evaluated for the production of N-acyl-L-homoserine lactones (AHLs) by using four bioreporters. Furthermore, identification of AHLs by LC-ESI-FTICR MS was performed on culture filtrates of selected pathogens and mushroom-associated bacteria strains, which resulted in inducing at least one of the fo ...201121942309
influence of calcium and silicon supplementation into pleurotus ostreatus substrates on quality of fresh and canned mushrooms.supplements of gypsum (calcium source), pumice (silicon source) and pumice sulfate (silicon and calcium source) into substrates for oyster mushrooms (pleurotus ostreatus) were searched for their effects on production as well as qualities of fresh and canned mushrooms. the addition of pumice up to 30% had no effect on total yield, size distribution and cap diameters. the supplementation of gypsum at 10% decreased the total yield; and although gypsum at 5% did not affect total yield, the treatment ...201121917642
Profiling of hepatic gene expression of mice fed with edible japanese mushrooms by DNA microarray analysis: comparison among Pleurotus ostreatus, Grifola frondosa, and Hypsizigus marmoreus.To compare and estimate the effects of dietary intake of three kinds of mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus, Grifola frondosa, and Hypsizigus marmoreus), mice were fed a diet containing 10-14% of each mushroom for 4 weeks. Triacylglycerol in the liver and plasma decreased and plasma cholesterol increased in the P. ostreatus-fed group compared with those in the control group. Cholesterol in the liver was lower in the G. frondosa-fed group than in the control group, but no changes were found in the H. ...201121910414
Thermus composti sp. nov., isolated from oyster mushroom compost.A Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium strain (K-39(T)) was isolated from the thermophilic phase of the composting process for oyster mushroom substrate preparation. The strain grew at 40-80 °C (optimum, 65-75 °C), at pH 5-9 (optimum, pH 7), in media containing up to 1.5% (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain K-39(T) formed a distinct lineage within the genus Thermus. Its closest cultivated relative was Thermus islandicus PRI 3838(T) (96.8% similari ...201121856987
antihyperlipidemic effects of pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushrooms) in hiv-infected individuals taking antiretroviral therapy.abstract:201121831304
anti-cancer effects of protein extracts from calvatia lilacina, pleurotus ostreatus and volvariella volvacea.calvatia lilacina (cl), pleurotus ostreatus (po) and volvariella volvacea (vv) are widely distributed worldwide and commonly eaten as mushrooms. in this study, cell viabilities were evaluated for a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (sw480 cells) and a human monocytic leukemia cell line (thp-1 cells). apoptotic mechanisms induced by the protein extracts of po and vv were evaluated for sw480 cells. the viabilities of thp-1 and sw480 cells decreased in a concentration-dependent manner after ...201121792367
transformation of the recalcitrant pharmaceutical compound carbamazepine by pleurotus ostreatus: role of cytochrome p450 monooxygenase and manganese peroxidase.carbamazepine (cbz) is an environmentally recalcitrant compound highly stable in soil and during wastewater treatment. in this study, we examined the mechanisms by which the white-rot fungus pleurotus ostreatus metabolizes cbz in liquid culture using a physiological approach. p. ostreatus pc9 was grown in media known to support different levels of a multiplicity of enzyme systems such as cytochrome p450 (cyp450) and manganese peroxidase (mnp). when both cyp450 and mnp systems were active, 99% of ...201121744850
the use of a white rot fungi (pleurotus ostreatus) immobilized on amberlite xad-4 as a new biosorbent in trace metal determination.the present work proposes the use of pleurotus ostreatus immobilized on amberlite xad-4 as new biosorbent in trace metal determination. the effects of experimental parameters, such as "ph and flow rate of sample solution, amount of solid phase, eluent type, and concentration" on the recovery of the metal ions were investigated. maximum adsorption of cr(iii), cd(ii) and cu(ii) ions took place in the ph range 4-5. these metal ions can be desorbed with 1m hcl (recovery 95-100%). 0.2g adsorbent amou ...201121737258
response to oyster mushroom (pleurotus ostreatus) extract by sensitized and nonsensitized guinea pig trachea.occupational exposure to oyster mushroom (pleurotus ostreatus) has been associated with obstructive lung disease. previously, we studied an extract of oyster mushroom (ome) and determined that it causes dose-dependent contractions of nonsensitized guinea pig trachea (gpt). we extend these studies to the investigation of sensitized tissue. in the present study 24 animals were sensitized using ovalbumin (oa) and subsequently challenged with an aerosol of 2.5% oa. a control group of 12 nonsensitize ...201121667260
fungal solid state fermentation on agro-industrial wastes for acid wastewater decolorization in a continuous flow packed-bed bioreactor.this study was aimed at developing a process of solid state fermentation (ssf) with the fungi pleurotus ostreatus and trametes versicolor on apple processing residues for wastewater decolorization. both fungi were able to colonize apple residues without any addition of nutrients, material support or water. p. ostreatus produced the highest levels of laccases (up to 9u g(-1) of dry matter) and xylanases (up to 80u g(-1) of dry matter). a repeated batch decolorization experiment was set up with ap ...201121652205
co-cultured production of lignin-modifying enzymes with white-rot fungi.co-cultivation was a potential strategy in lignocellulolytic biodegradation with producing high activity enzymes due to their synergistic action. the objective of this study was to investigate the rarely understood effects of co-culturing of two white-rot fungi on lignin-modifying enzymes (lmes) production. six species, bjerkandera adusta, phlebia radiata, pleurotus ostreatus, dichomitus squalens, hypoxylon fragiforme and pleurotus eryngii, were cultured in pairs to study the production of lmes. ...201121647688
co-cultivation of mutant penicillium oxalicum sau(e)-3.510 and pleurotus ostreatus for simultaneous biosynthesis of xylanase and laccase under solid-state fermentation.co-cultivation of mutant penicillium oxalicum sau(e)-3.510 and pleurotus ostreatus mtcc 1804 was evaluated for the production of xylanase-laccase mixture under solid-state fermentation (ssf) condition. growth compatibility between mutant p. oxalicum sau(e)-3.510 and white rot fungi (p. ostreatus mtcc 1804, trametes hirsuta mtcc 136 and pycnoporus sp. mtcc 137) was analyzed by growing them on potato dextrose agar plate. extracellular enzyme activities were determined spectrophotometrically. under ...201121642024
inhibitory effect of a glycoprotein isolated from golden oyster mushroom (pleurotus citrinopileatus) on the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory reaction in raw 264.7 macrophage.mushrooms have become an important source of natural antitumor, antiviral, anti-bacterial, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatioy agents. golden oyster mushroom, pleurotus citrinopileatus, is a common mushroom in oriental countries for human consumption. the present study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory reaction and immunomodulatory of the bioactive non-lectin glycoprotein (pcp-3a) isolated from the fresh fruiting body of this mushroom. western blot analysis on lps-induced inos, cox-2, ...201121627087
anti-inflammatory activity of edible oyster mushroom is mediated through the inhibition of nf-kb and ap-1 signaling.abstract: background: mushrooms are well recognized for their culinary properties as well as for their potency to enhance immune response. in the present study, we evaluated anti-inflammatory properties of an edible oyster mushroom (pleurotus ostreatus) in vitro and in vivo. methods: raw264.7 murine macrophage cell line and murine splenocytes were incubated with the oyster mushroom concentrate (omc, 0-100 ug/ml) in the absence or presence of lipopolysacharide (lps) or concanavalin a (cona), resp ...201121575254
skin test reactivity of allergic subjects to basidiomycetes' crude extracts in a tropical environment.fungal allergies can be detected by the skin prick test with extracts of the organisms, but not all fungi, including the basidiomycetes, are being examined. we determined the level of sensitization to basidiomycetes in allergic subjects and compared their reactivity to commercial extracts commonly used to detect allergies. crude spore extracts of the basidiomycetes ganoderma applanatum, chlorophyllum molybdites, and pleurotus ostreatus, which are known to release numerous spores, were examined a ...201121506892
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