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volatile compounds in the skin and pulp of queen anne's pocket melon.the quantitative distribution of volatile compounds in the skin and pulp of queen anne's pocket melon [cucumis melo var. dudaim (l.) naudin] has been investigated. volatile compounds were extracted by liquid-liquid microextraction (llme) using chloroform and analyzed by gc-fid and gc-ms. sixty volatiles, including 20 esters, 15 alcohols, 7 lactones, 7 aldehydes and ketones, 6 sulfur compounds, and 5 c(6) compounds, have been identified. among them, 38 were reported for the first time in pocket m ...200617032026
differential expression of the ascorbate oxidase multigene family during fruit development and in response to stress.ascorbate oxidase (ao, ec 1.10.3.3) is a member of the multicopper oxidases family. it catalyzes the oxidation of ascorbic acid (aa) to dehydroascorbic acid (dha) via monodehydroascorbate (mdha), with the concomitant reduction of molecular oxygen to water. in melon (cucumis melo), ascorbate oxidase is encoded by a multigene family comprising at least four genes. here, we present the detailed characterization of two melon ao genes, cmao1 and cmao4. gene-specific expression studies of the ao gene ...200717021803
gel electrophoresis of polyphenol oxidase with instant identification by in situ blotting.polyphenol oxidase (ppo) or tyrosinase is an important and ubiquitous enzyme responsible for browning in plants and melanization in animals. the molecular size of the plant ppo is varied among the species and its activity can be enhanced by a variety of anionic detergents. in the present study, we developed a simple method for the first-step identification of ppo in fruit and vegetable extracts. first, 3mm chromatographic paper was immersed in 0.5% (w/v) catechol solution as an immobilized ppo s ...200716973425
two highly divergent alcohol dehydrogenases of melon exhibit fruit ripening-specific expression and distinct biochemical characteristics.alcohol dehydrogenases (adh) participate in the biosynthetic pathway of aroma volatiles in fruit by interconverting aldehydes to alcohols and providing substrates for the formation of esters. two highly divergent adh genes (15% identity at the amino acid level) of cantaloupe charentais melon (cucumis melo var. cantalupensis) have been isolated. cm-adh1 belongs to the medium-chain zinc-binding type of adhs and is highly similar to all adh genes expressed in fruit isolated so far. cm-adh2 belongs ...200616897483
comparative analysis of plant finds from early roman graves in ilok (cuccium) and sćitarjevo (andautonia), croatia--a contribution to understanding burial rites in southern pannonia.a comparative archaeobotanical analysis of the plant remains from the early roman incineration graves in ilok and sćitarjevo shows the existence of a complex burial ritual, but at the same time enables a better understanding of the agriculture and trade of the 1st/early 2nd century ad in southern pannonia. most of the cereals found (hordeum vulgare, panicum miliaceum, triticum monococcum, t. dicoccon, t. aestivum i t. cf. spelta), the legumes (lens culinaris, vicia ervilia) and the fruit contrib ...200616848163
cloning and expression analysis of a udp-galactose/glucose pyrophosphorylase from melon fruit provides evidence for the major metabolic pathway of galactose metabolism in raffinose oligosaccharide metabolizing plants.the cucurbitaceae translocate a significant portion of their photosynthate as raffinose and stachyose, which are galactosyl derivatives of sucrose. these are initially hydrolyzed by alpha-galactosidase to yield free galactose (gal) and, accordingly, gal metabolism is an important pathway in cucurbitaceae sink tissue. we report here on a novel plant-specific enzyme responsible for the nucleotide activation of phosphorylated gal and the subsequent entry of gal into sink metabolism. the enzyme was ...200616829585
pcr identification of salmonella: potential contamination sources from production and postharvest handling of cantaloupes.salmonella is one of the most frequently reported etiological agents in outbreaks of foodborne diseases associated with the consumption of cantaloupes. sensitive and reliable methods for detecting and identifying foodborne microorganisms are needed. the pcr can be used to amplify specific dna fragments and thus to detect and identify pathogenic bacteria. in this study, a pcr method was used to evaluate the incidence of salmonella at cantaloupe production, harvest, and packaging steps, and the re ...200616786866
patterns of assimilate production and translocation in muskmelon (cucumis melo l.) : ii. low temperature effects.muskmelon (cucumis melo l.) plants were exposed to a 10 degrees c chilling treatment for 72 hours, which induced leaf chilling injury symptoms (wilting, appearance of water-soaked areas, necrosis). chilling caused an accumulation of starch, sucrose, hexoses (glucose and fructose), and certain amino acids (glutamate, aspartate, and citrulline) in source leaf tissues, but no accumulation of stachyose or other galactosyl-oligosaccharides occurred. chilling also caused a general increase in sugar (s ...199216669026
patterns of assimilate production and translocation in muskmelon (cucumis melo l.) : i. diurnal patterns.continuous monitoring of steady-state carbon dioxide exchange rates in mature muskmelon (cucumis melo l.) leaves showed diurnal patterns of photosynthesis and respiration that were translated into distinct patterns of accumulation and phloem export of soluble sugars and amino acids. leaf soluble sugar patterns in general followed the pattern of photosynthetic activity observed in the leaf, whereas starch accumulated steadily throughout the light period. sugar and starch levels declined through t ...199216669025
acid and neutral invertases in the mesocarp of developing muskmelon (cucumis melo l. cv prince) fruit.acid and neutral invertases were found in the mesocarp of developing muskmelon (cucumis melo l. cv prince) fruit and the activities of these enzymes declined with maturation of the fruit, concomitantly with the accumulation of sucrose. neutral invertase was only present in the soluble fraction and acid invertase was present in both the soluble and cell-wall fractions. the cell-wall fraction contained three types of acid invertase: a nacl-released invertase; an edta-released invertase, and a tigh ...199116668269
abscisic acid alters the metabolism of indole-3-acetic acid in senescing flowers of cucumis melo l.experiments were conducted to investigate indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) and abscisic acid (aba) metabolism associated with postanthesis senescence of ovaries from nonpollinated muskmelon (cucumis melo l.) flowers. flowers attached to the vine were allowed to senesce for 4 days after anthesis or were harvested at full anthesis and aged for the same time interval with or without access to water. the iaa ester, amide-linked forms of iaa, free aba, and aba esters increased in senescent ovaries from flo ...199016667865
water relations of seed development and germination in muskmelon (cucumis melo l.) : v. water relations of imbibition and germination.the initiation of radicle growth during seed germination may be driven by solute accumulation and increased turgor pressure, by cell wall relaxation, or by weakening of tissues surrounding the embryo. to investigate these possibilities, imbibition kinetics, water contents, and water (psi) and solute (psi(s)) potentials of intact muskmelon (cucumis melo l.) seeds, decoated seeds (testa removed, but a thin perisperm/endosperm envelope remains around the embryo), and isolated cotyledons and embryon ...199016667369
water relations of seed development and germination in muskmelon (cucumis melo l.) : iv. characteristics of the perisperm during seed development.we previously reported that an apparent water potential disequilibrium is maintained late in muskmelon (cucumis melo l.) seed development between the embryo and the surrounding fruit tissue (mesocarp). to further investigate the basis of this phenomenon, the permeability characteristics of the tissues surrounding muskmelon embryos (the mucilaginous endocarp, the testa, a 2- to 4-cell-layered perisperm and a single cell layer of endosperm) were examined from 20 to 65 days after anthesis (daa). wa ...199016667368
water relations of seed development and germination in muskmelon (cucumis melo l.) : iii. sensitivity of germination to water potential and abscisic acid during development.muskmelon (cucumis melo l.) seeds are germinable 15 to 20 days before fruit maturity and are held at relatively high water content within the fruit, yet little precocious germination is observed. to investigate two possible factors preventing precocious germination, the inhibitory effects of abscisic acid and osmoticum on muskmelon seed germination were determined throughout development. seeds were harvested at 5-day intervals from 30 to 65 days after anthesis (daa) and incubated either fresh or ...199016667367
sucrose phosphate synthase and acid invertase as determinants of sucrose concentration in developing muskmelon (cucumis melo l.) fruits.fruits of orange-fleshed and green-fleshed muskmelon (cucumis melo l.) were harvested at different times throughout development to evaluate changes in metabolism which lead to sucrose accumulation, and to determine the basis of differences in fruit sucrose accumulation among genotypes. concentrations of sucrose, raffinose saccharides, hexoses and starch, as well as activities of the sucrose metabolizing enzymes sucrose phosphate synthase (sps) (ec 2.4.1.14), sucrose synthase (ec 2.4.1.13), and a ...198916667212
a simple purification of indole-3-acetic acid and abscisic acid for gc-sim-ms analysis by microfiltration of aqueous samples through nylon.a simple procedure was developed for the partial purification of plant tissue samples to be analyzed simultaneously for indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) and abscisic acid (aba). the procedure relies on removal of contaminants by filtration through nylon and partitioning into dichloromethane. this procedure successfully purified both iaa and aba from muskmelon, cotton, and broccoli tissue. twenty individual samples can be purified and methylated in 8 h for analysis of free iaa and aba with gas chromato ...198916666735
nutrient salts promote light-induced degradation of indole-3-acetic acid in tissue culture media.the disappearance of indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) from cell-free liquid culture medium was followed in response to nutrient salts found in murashige-skoog salt base, light, and ph range of 4 to 7. the loss of iaa was accelerated by light or murashige-skoog salts. however, the combination of both light and murashige-skoog salts acted synergistically to catalyze the destruction of over 80% of the original iaa within 7 days of continuous incubation. under these same conditions, the loss of iaa was de ...198816666312
water relations of seed development and germination in muskmelon (cucumis melo l.) : i. water relations of seed and fruit development.total water potential (psi), solute potential, and turgor potential of field-grown muskmelon (cucumis melo l.) fruit tissue (pericarp) and seeds were determined by thermocouple psychrometry at 5-day intervals from 10 to 65 days after anthesis (daa). fruit maturity occurred between 44 and 49 daa, and seed germination ability developed between 35 and 45 daa. pericarp psi was essentially constant at approximately -0.75 megapascal (mpa) from 10 to 25 daa, then decreased to a minimum value of -1.89 m ...198816665921
sucrose metabolism in netted muskmelon fruit during development.sugar content and composition are major criteria used in judging the quality of netted muskmelon (cucumis melo l. var reticulatus) fruit. sugar composition and four enzymes of sucrose metabolism were determined in ;magnum 45' muskmelon fruit at 10-day intervals beginning 10 days after pollination (dap) until full-slip (35 dap). sugar content increased in both outer (green) mesocarp and inner (orange) mesocarp between 20 and 30 dap. the major proportion of total increase in sugar was attributed t ...198716665448
promotion by ethylene of the capability to convert 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid to ethylene in preclimacteric tomato and cantaloupe fruits.the intact fruits of preclimacteric tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill) or cantaloupe (cucumis melo l.) produced very little ethylene and had low capability of converting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) to ethylene. when these unripe tomato or cantaloupe fruits were treated with ethylene for 16 hours there was no increase in acc content or in ethylene production rate, but the tissue's capability to convert acc to ethylene increased markedly. such an effect was also observed in frui ...198516664067
cell surfaces in plant-microorganism interactions : iv. fungal glycopeptides which elicit the synthesis of ethylene in plants.the production of ethylene by melon (cucumis melo cv cantaloup charentais) tissues is stimulated during incubation in the presence of fungal glycopeptides extracted from colletotrichum lagenarium, a pathogen of melon. these glycopeptides, called elicitors of ethylene, are found in the mycelium, the cell wall, and the culture filtrate. elicitation of ethylene is a relatively early phenomenon and lasts for several hours. upon purification of the crude elicitor extract by gel filtration and ion exc ...198416663747
stereospecific conversion of 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid to ethylene by plant tissues : conversion of stereoisomers of 1-amino-2-ethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid to 1-butene.inasmuch as the molecule of 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid (acc) possesses reflective symmetry but lacks rotational symmetry, the two chemically alike methylene groups can be distinguished by a stereospecific enzyme. to determine whether acc conversion to ethylene by plant tissues proceeds in a stereospecific fashion, the four stereoisomers of 1-amino-2-ethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid (aec) were administered to postclimacteric apple (malus sylvestris mill., var. golden delicious), excised p ...198216662444
enhancement of wound-induced ethylene synthesis by ethylene in preclimacteric cantaloupe.although intact fruits of unripe cantaloupe (cucumis melo l.) produce very little ethylene, a massive increase in ethylene production occurred in response to excision. the evidence indicates that this wound ethylene is produced from methionine via 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid (acc) as in ripening fruits. excision induced an increase in both acc synthase and the enzyme converting acc to ethylene. ethylene further increased the activity of the enzyme system converting acc to ethylene. the in ...198216662200
cell surfaces in plant-microorganism interactions: ii. evidence for the accumulation of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins in the cell wall of diseased plants as a defense mechanism.enrichment of the cell wall in hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein is involved in the defense of muskmelon (cucumis melo) seedlings to colletotrichum lagenarium, the causative agent of anthracnose. the extent to which this accumulation proceeds may be experimentally modified by treating plants with ethylene or growing them in the presence of free l-trans-hydroxyproline. it appears that the increase in the wall hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein mediated through ethylene is paralleled by an increasing ...197916660957
cell surfaces in plant-microorganism interactions: i. a structural investigation of cell wall hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins which accumulate in fungus-infected plants.infection of muskmelon cucumis melo seedlings by the fungus colletotrichum lagenarium causes a 10-fold increase in the amount of cell wall hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein. evidence for this increase was provided by studying two specific markers of this glycoprotein, namely hydroxyproline and glycosylated serine. the lability of the o-glycosidic linkage of wall-bound glycosylated serine in the presence of hydrazine, was used to determine the amount of serine which is glycosylated.a large increas ...197916660956
distinction between nuclear satellite dnas and chloroplast dna in higher plants.triton x-100 solubilized chloroplast dna but not nuclear dna from a mixture of chloroplasts and nuclei. the buoyant density of chloroplast dna was different from that of the satellite dna in all of the species examined (phaseolus coccineus, cucumis sativus, cucumis melo, antirrhinum majus, vicia faba, oenothera fruiticosa youngii). chloroplast dna constituted between 4.3% and 0.25% of the total leaf dna in these species, and was present as 5 to 20 copies in each chloroplast.197816660649
light-dependent emission of hydrogen sulfide from plants.with the aid of a sulfur-specific flame photometric detector, an emission of volatile sulfur was detected from leaves of cucumber (cucumis sativus l.), squash and pumpkin (cucurbita pepo l.), cantaloupe (cucumis melo l.), corn (zea mays l.), soybean (glycine max [l.] merr.) and cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). the emission was studied in detail in squash and pumpkin. it occurred following treatment of the roots of plants with sulfate and was markedly higher from either detached leaves treated via ...197816660257
sequence arrangement in satellite dna from the muskmelon.two fractions of a satellite dna from the muskmelon (cucumis melo l.) isolated as a unimodal peak from cscl gradients, differ in melting properties and complexity as estimated by reassociation kinetics. at 49.8 c, all of the low melting fraction was denatured and all of the high melting fraction was native. there were almost no partially denatured molecules detected in the electron microscope at this temperature. this observation provides direct evidence that the two fractions are not closely li ...197716659902
diurnal variations in photosynthetic products and nitrogen metabolism in expanding leaves.expanding leaves of capsicum frutescens l. cv. california wonder, cucumis melo l. cv. hales best, and citrus sinensis l. osbeck cv. washington navel showed a marked diurnal periodicity in the incorporation of (14)c from photosynthetically fixed (14)co(2) into amino acids. incorporation was virtually nil at the beginning of the photoperiod, reached a maximum in the 6th to 7th hour and decreased during the latter part of the photoperiod. in capsicum frutescens this was apparently a reflection of t ...197316658402
sex expression and growth in muskmelon. 196016655417
genetic and chlorophyll studies of a yellow-green mutant in muskmelon. 195216654451
refractive index as an estimate of quality between and within muskmelon fruits. 194116653723
the role of beta-galactosidases in the modification of cell wall components during muskmelon fruit ripening.the changes in activities of soluble beta-galactosidase and two forms of wall-bound beta-galactosidases extracted with nacl and edta were investigated throughout the development of muskmelon (cucumis melo l. cv prince) fruits. deae-cellulose ion-exchange chromatography of soluble beta-galactosidase revealed the presence of two isoforms. soluble isoform i was detected in all stages throughout the fruit development, whereas soluble isoform ii appeared around 34 d after anthesis when fruit ripening ...199216653123
subcellular localization and membrane topology of the melon ethylene receptor cmers1.ethylene receptors are multispanning membrane proteins that negatively regulate ethylene responses via the formation of a signaling complex with downstream elements. to better understand their biochemical functions, we investigated the membrane topology and subcellular localization of cmers1, a melon (cucumis melo) ethylene receptor that has three putative transmembrane domains at the n terminus. analyses using membrane fractionation and green fluorescent protein imaging approaches indicate that ...200616617090
molecular phylogeny of cucumis species as revealed by consensus chloroplast ssr marker length and sequence variation.to investigate phylogenetic relationships in the genus cucumis, 9 consensus chloroplast simple sequence repeat (ccssr) primer pairs (ccssr3, 9, 11, 13, 14, 17, 20, 21, and 23) were employed for dna fragment length variation and 5 amplified fragments, ccssr4, 12, 13, 19, and 20, were sequenced using total dna from 13 accessions representing 7 african cucumis species (x = 12), 3 cucumis melo l. (x = 12) accessions, 2 cucumis sativus l. (x = 7) accessions, and 1 cucumis hystrix chakr. (x = 12) acce ...200616604104
purification and characterization of a serine protease from cucumis trigonus roxburghi.kachri fruit, cucumis trigonus roxburghi, contains high protease activity and has been used as meat tenderizer in the indian subcontinent. a 67 kda serine protease from kachri fruit was purified by deae-sepharose and cm-sepharose chromatography, whose optimum activity was at ph 11 and 70 degrees c. its activity was strongly inhibited by pmsf, but not by edta, pepstatin, or cysteine protease inhibitors. the substrate specificity of the purified protease towards synthetic peptides was comparable t ...200616603211
ethylene: a natural regulator of sex expression of cucumis melo l.sex expression in cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) and muskmelon (c. melo l.) was correlated with endogenous ethylene production. plants of gynoecious (all female) sex types of the two species produced more ethylene than monoecius (male-female) plants. c. melo plants of a gynoecious sex type that normally produce only pistillate (female) flowers, when grown with hypobaric ventilation to facilitate removal of endogenous gases by diffusion, produced perfect (hermaphroditic) flowers. when either the p ...197216591971
available food, relative growth and duration of life in seedlings of cucumis melo. 193316587762
the form of the growth curve of the canteloup (cucumis melo) under field conditions. 192816587417
the growth of seedlings of the canteloup, cucumis melo, in the absence of exogenous food and light. 192816587293
polysomaty in cucumis melo. 193916577910
functional characterization of cmccd1, a carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase from melon.carotenoids are nutritionally important tetraterpenoid pigments that upon oxidative cleavage give rise to apocarotenoid (norisoprene) aroma volatiles. beta-carotene is the predominant pigment in orange-fleshed melon (cucumis melo l.) varieties, reaching levels of up to 50 microg/gfw. pale green and white cultivars have much lower levels (0-10 microg/gfw). in parallel, beta-ionone, the 9,10 cleavage product of beta-carotene, is present (12-33ng/gfw) in orange-fleshed melon varieties that accumula ...200616563447
methylene blue staining method for identification of opisthorchis viverrini egg.methylene blue staining method was used to distinguish o. viverrini eggs from haplorchis taichui and prosthodendrium molenkampi eggs. all eggs were obtained from dissected adult worms, fixed in 10% formalin, and stained with methylene blue prior to light microscopy observation. the distinct musk-melon-like texture of the o. viverini eggshell surface and the thread-like texture of h. taichui eggshell surface were recognized, while p. molenkampi eggs showed a smooth eggshell. we also evaluated the ...200516438191
transformation of a muskmelon 'galia' hybrid parental line (cucumis melo l. var. reticulatus ser.) with an antisense acc oxidase gene.'galia' muskmelon (cucumis melo l. var. reticulatus ser.) has been recalcitrant to transformation by agrobacterium tumefaciens. transformation of the 'galia' male parental line, 'krymka', with an acc oxidase (cmaco-1) gene in antisense orientation is described herein. explants were transformed using a. tumefaciens strain abi, which contained a vector pcmaco1-as plasmid, bearing an antisense gene of cmaco-1 and the cp4 syn gene (glyphosate-tolerance). both cmaco-1 and cp4 syn genes were assessed ...200616362302
immunolocalization of a class iii chitinase in two muskmelon cultivars reacting differently to fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis.fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis is a highly specialized fungus that attacks the root system of melon (cucumis melo l.). in this work the presence of a class iii chitinase was examined by immunological techniques in the root and stem base of a susceptible (cv. galia) and a resistant (cv. bredor) melon during the infection process. by immunolocalization it was not possible to detect the constitutive presence of class iii chitinase in any of the cultivars. however, the immunolabelling appeared in ...200616360800
the wide distribution of endornaviruses, large double-stranded rna replicons with plasmid-like properties.the international committee on taxonomy of viruses (ictv) recently accepted endornavirus as a new genus of plant dsrna virus. we have determined the partial nucleotide sequences of the rna-dependent rna polymerase regions from the large dsrnas (about 14 kbp) isolated from barley (hordeum vulgare), kidney bean (phaseolus vulgaris), melon (cucumis melo), bottle gourd (lagenaria siceraria), malabar spinach (basella alba), seagrass (zostera marina), and the fungus helicobasidium mompa. phylogenetic ...200616341944
the cucurbit images (1515-1518) of the villa farnesina, rome.the gorgeous frescoes organized by the master renaissance painter raphael sanzio (1483-1520) and illustrating the heavenly adventures of cupid and psyche were painted between 1515 and 1518 to decorate the roman villa (now known as the villa farnesina) of the wealthy sienese banker agostino chigi (1466-1520). surrounding these paintings are festoons of fruits, vegetables and flowers painted by giovanni martini da udine (1487-1564), which include over 170 species of plants. a deconstruction and co ...200616314340
atp bioluminescence assay for estimation of microbial populations of fresh-cut melon.estimation of microbial numbers in foods by conventional microbiological techniques takes days, so there is a need for faster methods that can give results in minutes. research was undertaken to investigate the use of bioluminescent atp determination and a firefly luciferase assay to estimate the initial population of aerobic mesophilic bacteria on fresh-cut melons immediately after preparation and during storage at 5 or 15 degrees c for up to 12 days. populations of aerobic mesophilic bacteria ...200516300083
functional characterization of a melon alcohol acyl-transferase gene family involved in the biosynthesis of ester volatiles. identification of the crucial role of a threonine residue for enzyme activity*.volatile esters, a major class of compounds contributing to the aroma of many fruit, are synthesized by alcohol acyl-transferases (aat). we demonstrate here that, in charentais melon (cucumis melo var. cantalupensis), aat are encoded by a gene family of at least four members with amino acid identity ranging from 84% (cm-aat1/cm-aat2) and 58% (cm-aat1/cm-aat3) to only 22% (cm-aat1/cm-aat4). all encoded proteins, except cm-aat2, were enzymatically active upon expression in yeast and show different ...200516247561
development of a genomic library of near isogenic lines (nils) in melon (cucumis melo l.) from the exotic accession pi161375.a doubled haploid line (dhl) population of melon derived from a cross between the korean cultivar "songwhan charmi" accession pi161375 (sc), included in the horticultural group conomon, and the spanish cultivar "piel de sapo" (ps), included in the horticultural group inodorus, was used to develop a collection of near isogenic lines (nils). these parental lines represent very different melon cultivar groups, with important differences at fruit, plant, disease response and molecular level. this cr ...200516208502
reduction of diabetes-induced renal oxidative stress by a cantaloupe melon extract/gliadin biopolymers, oxykine, in mice.oxidative stress is implicated as an important mechanism by which diabetes causes nephropathy. oxykine is the cantaloupe melon extract rich in vegetal superoxide dismutase covered by polymeric films of wheat matrix gliadin. in this study, we examined whether chronic oral administration of oxykine could prevent the progression of diabetic nephropathy induced by oxidative stress using preclinical rodent model of type 2 diabetes. we used female db/db mice and their non-diabetic db/m littermates. th ...200516179750
environmental implications of adopting a dominant factor approach to salinity management.additive or multiplicative models of crop response on which salinity management theory have been developed may lead to an erroneous perception regarding compensative interaction among salinity and other growth factors. we present results from studies of biomass production and transpiration of corn (zea mays l. cv. jubilee), melon (cucumis melo l. subsp. melo cv. galia), tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill. cv. 5656), onion (allium cepa l. cv. ha 944), and date palms (phoenix dactylifera l. cv. ...201516091597
a physical map covering the nsv locus that confers resistance to melon necrotic spot virus in melon (cucumis melo l.).melon necrotic spot virus (mnsv) is a member of the genus carmovirus, which produces severe yield losses in melon and cucumber crops. the nsv gene is the only known natural source of resistance against mnsv in melon, and confers protection against all widespread strains of this virus. nsv has been previously mapped in melon linkage group 11, in a region spanning 5.9 cm, saturated with rapd and aflp markers. to identify the nsv gene by positional cloning, we started construction of a high-resolut ...200516052354
the perisperm-endosperm envelope in cucumis: structure, proton diffusion and cell wall hydrolysing activity.and aims the envelope surrounding the embryo in cucurbit seed, which consists of a single layer of live endosperm cells covered by lipid- and callose-rich layers, is reported to show semi-permeability and also to act as the primary barrier to radicle emergence. structure, development and permeability of the envelope and activity of cell wall hydrolases during germination of cucumber and muskmelon seeds were investigated.200516043437
use of hydrogen peroxide in combination with nisin, sodium lactate and citric acid for reducing transfer of bacterial pathogens from whole melon surfaces to fresh-cut pieces.hydrogen peroxide (2.5%) alone or hydrogen peroxide (1%) in combination with nisin (25 microg/ml), sodium lactate (1%), and citric acid (0.5%) (hplnc) were investigated as potential sanitizers for reducing escherichia coli o157:h7 or listeria monocytogenes populations on whole cantaloupe and honeydew melons. whole cantaloupes inoculated with e. coli o157:h7 and l. monocytogenes at 5.27 and 4.07 log10 cfu/cm2, respectively, and whole honeydew melons inoculated with e. coli o157:h7 and l. monocyto ...200516043249
bacteremia caused by janibacter melonis.we report a case of bacteremia caused by janibacter melonis, a recently described aerobic actinomycete originally isolated from a spoiled oriental melon. our patient's blood culture isolate was identified by partial 16s rrna gene sequencing. this is the first report of the recovery of janibacter species from humans.200516000500
analysis of the melon genome in regions encompassing tir-nbs-lrr resistance genes.plant genomes contain numerous genes (r-genes) that play a role in initiating defence measures against their particular pathogens. defence mechanisms controlled by r-genes have been the focus of extensive research over the past several years. the majority of the r-genes described so far belong to a super-family of genes (150-600 members) that encode proteins with a nucleotide binding site (nbs), some leucine-rich repeats (lrr) and an n-terminal domain that shows similarity to the toll and interl ...200515902490
impact of melon accessions resistant to aphids on the demographic potential of silverleaf whitefly.bemisia tabaci (gennadius) and aphis gossypii glover are devastating melon, cucumis melo l., pests. the geographic areas where they occur overlap, and the same chemicals are used to control both of them. therefore, to reduce pesticide use, it would be necessary to breed melon lines that simultaneously express a resistance to both insects. female survival; the time when reproduction starts, peaks, and ends; the number of female offspring at the reproductive peak; and total reproduction (s) were d ...200515889749
strain-specific and recessive qtls involved in the control of partial resistance to fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis race 1.2 in a recombinant inbred line population of melon.fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis (fom) causes serious economic losses in melon (cucumis melo l.). two dominant resistance genes have been identified, fom-1 and fom-2, which provide resistance to races 0 and 2 and races 0 and 1, respectively, however fom race 1.2 overcomes these resistance genes. a partial resistance to fom race 1.2 that has been found in some far east accessions is under polygenic control. a genetic map of melon was constructed to tag fom race 1.2 resistance with dna markers on ...200515834544
reducing salmonella on cantaloupes and honeydew melons using wash practices applicable to postharvest handling, foodservice, and consumer preparation.washing conditions that included a soak or brush scrub were evaluated for removal of salmonella from the surface of smooth (honeydew) or complex (cantaloupe) melon rinds. melon rinds were spot-inoculated onto a 2.5 cm2 area of rind (squares) with approximately 6.0 log(10) cfu/square of an avirulent nalidixic acid-resistant strain of salmonella typhimurium. melons were washed by immersion in 1500 ml of water or 200 ppm total chlorine and allowed to soak or were scrubbed over the entire melon surf ...200515718029
simple-sequence repeat markers used in merging linkage maps of melon (cucumis melo l.).a set of 118 simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers has been developed in melon from two different sources: genomic libraries (gssr) and expressed sequence-tag (est) databases (est-ssr). forty-nine percent of the markers showed polymorphism between the 'piel de sapo' (ps) and pi161375 melon genotypes used as parents for the mapping populations. similar polymorphism levels were found in gssr (51.2%) and est-ssr (45.5%). two populations, f2 and a set of double haploid lines (dhls), developed from th ...200515700148
[effects of exogenous gamma-aminobutyric acid on antioxidant enzyme activity and reactive oxygen content in muskmelon seedlings under nutrient solution hypoxia stress].the effects of exogenous gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) on antioxidant defense system and reactive oxygen species (ros) in seedlings of two varieties with different resistance to hypoxia stress were studied under hypoxia stress in a nutrient solution culture system. the results showed that gaba treatments enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzyme including sod (fig. 1), pod (fig. 2), cat (fig. 3), while the concentrations of h2o2 (fig. 4), o(-.)2 (fig. 5), mda (fig. 6) decreased under hypoxi ...200415643085
molecular markers linked to papaya ring spot virus resistance and fusarium race 2 resistance in melon.in melon, the fom-1 gene confers monogenic resistance against the soil-borne fungus fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis, races 0 and 2, while the closely linked prv gene specifies resistance against the papaya ring spot virus. markers linked to these resistance (r) genes were identified using two recombinant inbred line populations, derived from crosses between cucumis melo vedrantais and c. melo pi 161375, and between c. melo vedrantais and c. melo pi 414723, respectively. using bulked segregant ...200515551034
janibacter melonis sp. nov., isolated from abnormally spoiled oriental melon in korea.two gram-positive bacterial strains, cm2104(t) and cm2110, isolated from the inner part of abnormally spoiled oriental melon (cucumis melo) in korea, were subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. the cell-wall peptidoglycan of strains cm2104(t) and cm2110 contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. the predominant menaquinone was mk-8(h(4)). the major fatty acids detected in the two strains were iso-c(16 : 0), c(17 : 1)omega8c and c(18 : 1)omega9c or c(17 : 0). the dna g ...200415545420
comparative mapping of zymv resistances in cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) and melon (cucumis melo l.).zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) routinely causes significant losses in cucumber ( cucumis sativus l.) and melon ( cucumis melo l.). zymv resistances from the cucumber population 'tmg1' and the melon plant introduction (pi) 414723 show different modes of inheritance and their genetic relationships are unknown. we used molecular markers tightly linked to zymv resistances from cucumber and melon for comparative mapping. a 5-kb genomic region (ycz-5) cosegregating with the zym locus of cucumber ...200415340688
optimizing concentration and timing of a phage spray application to reduce listeria monocytogenes on honeydew melon tissue.a phage cocktail was applied to honeydew melon pieces 1, 0.5, and 0 h before contamination with listeria monocytogenes strain lcdc 81-861 and 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 h after contamination. the phage application was most effective when applied 1, 0.5, or 0 h before contamination with l. monocytogenes, reducing pathogen populations by up to 6.8 log units after 7 days of storage. this indicates that under commercial conditions, if contamination occurs at the time of cutting, phage would have to be applied ...200415330534
effect of hydrogen peroxide treatment on microbial quality and appearance of whole and fresh-cut melons contaminated with salmonella spp.the efficacy of hydrogen peroxide treatment on the inactivation of salmonella spp. inoculated on the external surface of cantaloupe and honeydew melon was investigated. salmonella was inoculated onto whole cantaloupe and honeydew melon to a final concentration of 4.65 log(10) cfu/cm(2) and 3.13 log(10) cfu/g, respectively. inoculated whole melons stored at 5 degrees c for up to 7 days were washed with water, 2.5% and 5% hydrogen peroxide at day 0 and 5. hydrogen peroxide (2.5% and 5%) treatments ...200415282126
antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of a cucumis melo lc. extract rich in superoxide dismutase activity.the present study was conducted to evaluate in vitro and in vivo the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of a cantaloupe melon (cucumis melo lc., cucurbitaceae) extract (cme) selected for its high superoxide dismutase activity. peritoneal macrophages were pre-activated in vitro with 300 iu of interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) and were then challenged in culture with iggl/anti-igg1 immune complexes (igg1ic) in presence of various cme extracts. the subsequent production of free radicals (super ...200415261965
investigation of volatiles in charentais cantaloupe melons (cucumis melo var. cantalupensis). characterization of aroma constituents in some cultivars.volatile compounds of 15 charentais melon cultivars, known to exhibit differences in their ripening behaviors and in their storage lives (wild, mid, and long shelf life), were investigated. twenty-eight volatiles (11 esters, 8 sulfur compounds, 6 alcohols, and 3 carbonyl compounds) were isolated by direct dichloromethane extraction and analyzed by means of gc-ms and gc-fid. a considerable reduction in the aroma profile was observed for the long shelf life cultivars, in which total volatiles were ...200415237961
molecular characterization and expression studies during melon fruit development and ripening of l-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase.the last step of ascorbic acid (aa) biosynthesis is catalysed by the enzyme l-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (galldh, ec 1.3.2.3), located on the inner mitochondrial membrane. the enzyme converts l-galactono-1,4-lactone to ascorbic acid (aa). in this work, the cloning and characterization of a galldh full-length cdna from melon (cucumis melo l.) are described. melon genomic dna southern analysis indicated that cmgalldh was encoded by a single gene. cmgalldh mrna accumulation was detected in ...200415234991
identification of 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene melanin in monosporascus cannonballus and the analysis of hexaketide and pentaketide compounds produced by wild-type and pigmented isolates of the fungus.monosporascus cannonballus causes root rot and vine decline in muskmelons and watermelons. wild types of this fungus often undergo degenerative changes that have been associated with yellow to brown pigmentation, hypovirulence, dsrna infection, and decreased production of perithecia. in this study, degenerate isolates that produced yellow to brown pigments and no perithecia were obtained from wild-type cultures that had been stored for extended periods of time. cultures of the degenerate isolate ...200415212456
isolation and identification of hexaketides from a pigmented monosporascus cannonballus isolate.monosporascus cannonballus causes severe production losses to muskmelon and watermelon in the united states and other countries. wild types of the fungus produce no pigments when grown on potato dextrose agar (pda). after long-term storage on soil/oat hull mix, however, some isolates of the fungus produce yellow to brown pigments and no perithecia when grown on pda. five colored metabolites from pigmented cultures of m. cannonballus isolate tx923038 have now been identified. two of these, monosp ...200415212455
molecular characterization of a melon necrotic spot virus strain that overcomes the resistance in melon and nonhost plants.resistance of melon (cucumis melo l.) to melon necrotic spot virus (mnsv) is inherited as a single recessive gene, denoted nsv. no mnsv isolates described to date (e.g., mnsv-malpha5), except for the mnsv-264 strain described here, are able to overcome the resistance conferred by nsv. analysis of protoplasts of susceptible (nsv/-) and resistant (nsv/nsv) melon cultivars inoculated with mnsv-264 or mnsv-malpha5 indicated that the resistance trait conferred by this gene is expressed at the single- ...200415195949
cloning of genes differentially expressed during the initial stage of fruit development in melon (cucumis melo cv. reticulatus).we have cloned genes involved in the initial stage of fruit development in the melon by suppression subtractive hybridization. a cdna library of unfertilized ovules was subtracted from that of fruit 9 days after pollination (dap); 10 of the 40 selected cdna clones were identified by reverse northern analysis as genes differentially expressed in fruit at 9 dap. seven of the ten genes were homologous to genes of known function; two were related to genes with unknown functions, and one was novel. w ...200415179036
promotion of 5-aminolevulinic acid on photosynthesis of melon (cucumis melo) seedlings under low light and chilling stress conditions.when melon seedlings (cucumis melo l. ximiya no. 1) were cultured in a growth chamber with about 150 micro mol m(-2) s(-1) photon flux density, the leaf photosynthetic ability reduced dramatically as leaf position decreased from the top. the application of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ala) solutions significantly increased the net photosynthetic rate (p(n)) as well as apparent quantum yield (aqy), carboxylation efficiency (ce) and stomata conductance (g(s)). after irrigation with 10 ml of ala solution ...200415153193
development of microsatellite markers from an enriched genomic library for genetic analysis of melon (cucumis melo l.).despite the great advances in genomic technology observed in several crop species, the availability of molecular tools such as microsatellite markers has been limited in melon (cucumis melo l.) and cucurbit species. the development of microsatellite markers will have a major impact on genetic analysis and breeding of melon, especially on the generation of marker saturated genetic maps and implementation of marker assisted breeding programs. genomic microsatellite enriched libraries can be an eff ...200415149552
effects of air quality on foliar injury, growth, yield, and quality of muskmelon.an evaluation of the effects of ambient ozone (o3) on muskmelon was conducted with the use of open-top chambers (otcs). 'superstar' muskmelons grown in charcoal-filtered (cf) chambers compared to those grown in nonfiltered (nf) chambers showed significant differences in the severity of visible foliar o3 injury. furthermore, plants grown in nf conditions had significantly less (21.3%) marketable fruit weight and fewer (20.9%) marketable fruit number than those from cf chambers. no differences wer ...198815092549
physiological effects of ozone on cultivars of watermelon (citrullus lanatus) and muskmelon (cucumis melo) widely grown in spain.two cultivars of watermelon (citrullus lanatus) and muskmelon (cucumis melo), which are widely grown in spain, were exposed to ozone (70 nl litre(-1), 6 h d(-1)) for 21 days. ozone sensitivity was assessed by recording the extent of visible injury, changes in fast-fluorescence kinetics, the relative-growth rate (r) of root (rr) and shoot (rs), and effects on the number of flowers produced per plant. leaf gas exchange was measured in order to provide some indication of the factors underlying diff ...199315091805
peroxidase activity associated with suberization processes of the muskmelon (cucumis melo) rind.the rind of fruits of muskmelon (cucumis melo l. var. reticulatus) contains a network of suberized tissue referred to as the 'netting', and peroxidase (ec 1.11.1.7) activity is necessary to the polymerization of the aromatic domain of suberin. peroxidase activity increased dramatically during the early stages of melon fruit netting, and in fruits exhibiting incomplete netting, peroxidase activity was significantly higher in netted than in non-netted regions of the same fruit. moreover, analysis ...200415086828
phloem specific expression driven by wheat dwarf geminivirus v-sense promoter in transgenic dicotyledonous species.wheat dwarf geminivirus (wdv) is a single-stranded dna mastrevirus. the large intergenic region (lir) of wdv contains cis-acting elements essential for the replication of the genome as well as for the bidirectional transcription of virus genes. the lir was fused to the gus (uida) reporter gene and the wdv viral sense (v-sense) promoter activity derived from the stable integration of that promoter was analysed in transgenic dicot plants. various dicot species were tested, including nicotiana taba ...200415086824
pre-extraction preparation (fresh, frozen, freeze-dried, or acetone powdered) and long-term storage of fruit and vegetable tissues: effects on antioxidant enzyme activity.activities of the antioxidant enzymes ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase, guaiacol peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, and superoxide dismutase were assayed in honeydew (cucumis melo l.) fruit and spinach (spinacia oleracea l.) leaves either as fresh, frozen to -80 degrees c, frozen in liquid nitrogen, freeze-dried, or acetone powder, representing the various ways tissues are treated prior to enzyme extraction. treated tissues were analyzed ...200415080616
five independent loci each control monogenic resistance to gummy stem blight in melon ( cucumis melo l.).inheritance and segregation analysis demonstrated that five independent genes in melon confer monogenic resistance to foliar infection by the fungal pathogen didymella bryoniae, resulting in the disease known as gummy stem blight (gsb). in this study, two new monogenic sources of gsb resistance were characterized. resistance in cucumis melo pi 482398 was monogenic dominant based on segregation analysis of f(1), f(2) and backcross populations, while resistance in c. melo pi 482399 showed monogeni ...200415067389
single-nucleotide polymorphisms detected in expressed sequence tags of melon (cucumis melo l.).a search was performed for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snp) and short insertions-deletions (indels) in 34 melon (cucumis melo l.) expressed sequence tag (est) fragments between two distantly related melon genotypes, a group inodorus 'piel de sapo' market class breeding line t111 and the korean accession pi 161375. in total, we studied 15 kb of melon sequence. the average frequency of snps between the two genotypes was one every 441 bp. one indel was also found every 1666 bp. seventy-five pe ...200415060588
effect of hot water and hydrogen peroxide treatments on survival of salmonella and microbial quality of whole and fresh-cut cantaloupe.cantaloupe melon has been associated with outbreaks of salmonellosis. contamination might be introduced into the flesh from the rind by cutting or by contact of cut pieces with contaminated rinds. our objectives were to investigate the efficacy of hot water or hot 5% hydrogen peroxide treatments in reducing the population of native microflora and inoculated salmonella on cantaloupe rind and transfer to fresh-cut tissue during cutting. whole cantaloupes, inoculated with a cocktail of salmonella s ...200415035354
nucleotide sequences of two korean isolates of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus.the nucleotide sequences of the genomic rnas of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus korean watermelon isolate (cgmmv-kw) and korean oriental melon isolate (cgmmv-kom) were determined and compared to the sequences of other tobamoviruses including cgmmv strains w and sh. each cgmmv isolate had a genome of 6,424 nucleotides. each also had 60 and 176 nucleotides of 5' and 3' untranslated regions (utrs), respectively, and four open reading frames (orf1-4). orfs 1 to 4 encode proteins of 129, 186, 29, ...200314744034
sensory and quality analysis of different melon cultivars after prolonged storage.the purpose of this work was to evaluate the sensory and general quality of four different melon cultivars (cucumis melo l.) immediately after harvest and at the end of storage and marketing simulation. after 16 days of storage at 5 degrees c and additional 3 days at 20 degrees c, only cultivar 'c-8' had a poor general appearance due to significant low firmness and relatively high decay incidence compared to the cultivars '5080', 'ideal' and '7302'. the cultivar '7302' was found to have the high ...200314609087
linkage map of cucumis melo including phenotypic traits and sequence-characterized genes.a new linkage map of cucumis melo, derived from the f2 progeny of a cross between pi 414723 and c. melo 'topmark' is presented. the map spans a total of 1421 cm and includes 179 points consisting of random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd), amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp), inter-simple sequence repeats (issrs), simple sequence repeats (ssrs), and restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) markers. the map also includes an aphid resistance trait (vat) and the sex type gene, andr ...200314608393
identification of quantitative trait loci involved in fruit quality traits in melon (cucumis melo l.).two populations [an f(2) and a set of 77 double haploid lines (dhls)] developed from a cross between a 'piel de sapo' cultivar (ps) and the exotic korean accession pi 161375 were used to detect qtls involved in melon fruit quality traits: earliness (ea), fruit shape (fs), fruit weight (fw) and sugar content (ssc); and loci involved in the colour traits: external colour (ecol) and flesh colour (fc). high variation was found, showing transgressive segregations for all traits. the highest correlati ...200414576985
recovery of surface bacteria from and surface sanitization of cantaloupes.practical, effective methods that could be implemented in a food service establishment (restaurant or delicatessen) for the surface sanitization of cantaloupes were microbiologically evaluated. cantaloupes (cucumis melo l. var. reticulates) were immersed in an inoculum containing salmonella enterica serovar poona or pantoea agglomerans at ca. 10(4) to 10(5) cfu/ml. an efficient method for the recovery of bacteria from the cantaloupe surface was developed and validated. the method consisted of wa ...200314572217
clinical characteristics of melon (cucumis melo) allergy.although melon is a frequent allergy-eliciting fruit, allergic reactions to melon have rarely been reported.200314533664
functional and phylogenetic analyses of a conserved regulatory program in the phloem of minor veins.the minor-vein phloem of mature leaves is developmentally and physiologically distinct from the phloem in the rest of the vascular system. phloem loading of transport sugars occurs in the minor veins, and consistent with this, galactinol synthase is expressed in the minor veins of melon (cucumis melo) as part of the symplastic-loading mechanism that operates in this species. a galactinol synthase promoter from melon drives gene expression in the minor-vein companion cells of both transgenic toba ...200314526110
genetic analysis of spanish melon ( cucumis melo l.) germplasm using a standardized molecular-marker array and geographically diverse reference accessions.genetic relationships among 125 spanish melon ( cucumis melo l.) accessions from a spanish germplasm collection were assessed using a standard molecular-marker array consisting of 34 random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) markers bands (19 primers) and 72 reference accessions drawn from previous studies. the reference accession array consisted of a broad range [japanese (19) crete (17), african (15), and usa and europe (us/eu, 21)] of horticultural groupings (group cantalupensis, group conomon, ...200314504742
some relationship between plant nutrition, fungal populations, and incidence of fusarium wilt of muskmelon. 196514346135
[research on plant viruses. virus card xii: chlorotic spotting of the melon (cucumis melo l.)]. 196414221468
graft-induced sex changes in cucumis melo l. 196414156326
a soil suspension-plating method of estimating populations of fusarium oxysporum f. melonis in muskmelon wilt soils. 196214006148
[anthelmintic properties of cucumis melo seeds]. 200613294200
ozone increases root respiration but decreases leaf co2 assimilation in cotton and melon.it is well established that exposure of plant foliage to tropospheric ozone (o3) inhibits photosynthetic gas exchange in leaves and the translocation of current photosynthate to sink tissues. it is less clear what impact o3-reduced source strength has on the physiological responses of sink tissue such as fine roots. the responses were investigated of carbon acquisition in leaves and carbon utilization in the respiration of fine roots, following chronic (weeks) and acute (hours) exposures to o3 i ...200312947052
cloning and functional expression of alkaline alpha-galactosidase from melon fruit: similarity to plant sip proteins uncovers a novel family of plant glycosyl hydrolases.raffinose and stachyose are ubiquitous galactosyl-sucrose oligosaccharides in the plant kingdom which play major roles, second only to sucrose, in photoassimilate translocation and seed carbohydrate storage. these sugars are initially metabolised by alpha-galactosidases (alpha-gal). we report the cloning and functional expression of the first genes, cmaga1 and cmaga2, encoding for plant alpha-gals with alkaline ph optima from melon fruit (cucumis melo l.), a raffinose and stachyose translocating ...200312943544
biocontrol of listeria monocytogenes on fresh-cut produce by treatment with lytic bacteriophages and a bacteriocin.the fresh-cut produce industry has been the fastest-growing portion of the food retail market during the past 10 years, providing consumers with convenient and nutritious food. however, fresh-cut fruits and vegetables raise food safety concerns, because exposed tissue may be colonized more easily by pathogenic bacteria than intact produce. this is due to the higher availability of nutrients on cut surfaces and the greater potential for contamination because of the increased amount of handling. w ...200312902237
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