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rho/rock-dependent inhibition of 3t3-l1 adipogenesis by g-protein-deamidating dermonecrotic toxins: differential regulation of notch1, pref1/dlk1, and β-catenin signaling.the dermonecrotic toxins from pasteurella multocida (pmt), bordetella (dnt), escherichia coli (cnf1-3), and yersinia (cnfy) modulate their g-protein targets through deamidation and/or transglutamination of an active site gln residue, which results in activation of the g protein and its cognate downstream signaling pathways. whereas dnt and the cnfs act on small rho gtpases, pmt acts on the α subunit of heterotrimeric g(q), g(i), and g(12/13) proteins. we previously demonstrated that pmt potently ...201222919671
virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance profiles of pasteurella multocida strains isolated from rabbits in brazil.pasteurella multocida is responsible for a wide range of diseases in domestic animals. in rabbits, the agent is related to nasal discharge, pneumonia, otitis media, pyometra, orchitis, abscess, and septicemia. one hundred and forty rabbits with respiratory diseases from four rabbitries in são paulo state, brazil were evaluated for the detection of p. multocida in their nasal cavities. a total of twenty-nine animals were positive to p. multocida isolation, and 46 strains were selected and charact ...201222919347
a ten-year (2000-2009) study of antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria that cause bovine respiratory disease complex--mannheimia haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, and histophilus somni--in the united states and canada.bovine isolates of mannheimia haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, and histophilus somni, collected from 2000 to 2009, were tested for in vitro susceptibility to ceftiofur, penicillin, danofloxacin, enrofloxacin, florfenicol, tetracycline, tilmicosin, and tulathromycin. ceftiofur remained very active against all isolates. penicillin retained good activity against p. multocida and h. somni isolates with no appreciable changes in susceptibility or minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) distribution ...201222914822
regulation of toll-like receptor 4-mediated immune responses through pasteurella multocida toxin-induced g protein signalling.lipopolysaccharide (lps)-triggered toll-like receptor (tlr) 4-signalling belongs to the key innate defence mechanisms upon infection with gram-negative bacteria and triggers the subsequent activation of adaptive immunity. there is an active crosstalk between tlr4-mediated and other signalling cascades to secure an effective immune response, but also to prevent excessive inflammation. many pathogens induce signalling cascades via secreted factors that interfere with tlr signalling to modify and p ...201222852877
an atypical presentation of a pasteurella multocida infection following a cat bite: a case report.pasteurella multocida is a bacterial organism that commonly causes cellulitis after animal bites, especially cat bites. we report an unusual vesiculopustular infection of the hand following a domestic cat bite. pasteurella multocida and staphylococcus aureus were cultured from the wound and the patient was treated with amoxicillin-clavulanate potassium. further history revealed that the patient's cat had nibbled on her hand. pasteurella usually is resistant to many of the typical empiric antibio ...201222838089
protective immunity conferred by the c-terminal fragment of recombinant pasteurella multocida toxin.pasteurella multocida serogroup d, producing p. multocida toxin (pmt), is a causative pathogen of progressive atrophic rhinitis (par) in swine. to evaluate the protective immunity and vaccination efficacy of the truncated form of pmt, a c-terminal form of recombinant pmt (designated pmt2.3; amino acid residues 505 to 1285 of pmt) was expressed in an escherichia coli expression system, and the humoral and cellular immune responses to pmt2.3 were investigated. pmt2.3 vaccination in mice led to hig ...201222837096
pasteurella multocida-infected expanded polytetrafluoroethylene hemodialysis access graft.infections are among the risks related to prosthetic hemodialysis access grafts. however, dialysis access graft infections caused by pasteurella multocida have not been reported previously. we report a case of a p. multocida-infected nonfunctioning expanded polytetrafluoroethylene graft in the forearm after a cat bite. at surgery, the graft was completely unincorporated and was completely excised. operative culture results were positive for p. multocida, a common oral flora found in cats and dog ...201222835566
[lethal meningitis due to pasteurella multocida]. 201222819509
efficacy of intranasal vaccination of field buffaloes against haemorrhagic septicaemia with a live gdha derivative pasteurella multocida b:2.the efficacy of an intranasal haemorrhagic septicaemia vaccine containing live gdha derivative pasteurella multocida b:2 was tested in buffaloes in sabah. sixty buffaloes, kept grazing in the field with minimal human intervention were devided into three groups of 20 buffaloes per group. buffaloes of group 1 were exposed intranasal to 5 ml vaccine containing 10(6) cfu/ml of live gdha derivative p multocida b:2. buffaloes of group 2 were not exposed to the vaccine but exposed to pbs and were allow ...201222815208
dietary arginine supplementation enhances immune responses to inactivated pasteurella multocida vaccination in mice.the present study was conducted to determine the adjuvant effect of arginine in mice immunised with inactivated vaccine. mice immunised with an inactivated pasteurella multocida vaccine and fed diets supplemented with 0·2 % (vaccine-0·2 %) or 0·5 % (vaccine-0·5 %) arginine exhibited 100 % protection from a challenge with p. multocida serotype a (cq2) at a dose of 4·4 × 105 colony-forming units (2ld50; median lethal dose), when compared with mice receiving no arginine supplementation. meanwhile, ...201322809580
[construction and characterization of aroa deletion mutant of pasteurella multocida strain c51-17].we constructed pasteurella multocida strain c51-17 aroa mutant and characterized its virulence.201222799219
proximity-dependent inhibition of growth of mannheimia haemolytica by pasteurella multocida.mannheimia haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, and bibersteinia trehalosi have been identified in the lungs of pneumonic bighorn sheep (bhs; ovis canadensis). of these pathogens, m. haemolytica has been shown to consistently cause fatal pneumonia in bhs under experimental conditions. however, m. haemolytica has been isolated by culture less frequently than the other bacteria. we hypothesized that the growth of m. haemolytica is inhibited by other bacteria in the lungs of bhs. the objective of th ...201222798357
proteobacterial arfa peptides are synthesized from non-stop messenger rnas.the translation of non-stop mrna (which lack in-frame stop codons) represents a significant quality control problem for all organisms. in eubacteria, the transfer-messenger rna (tmrna) system facilitates recycling of stalled ribosomes from non-stop mrna in a process termed trans-translation or ribosome rescue. during rescue, the nascent chain is tagged with the tmrna-encoded ssra peptide, which promotes polypeptide degradation after release from the stalled ribosome. escherichia coli possesses a ...201222791716
vaccine potential of an attenuated pasteurella multocida that expresses only the n-terminal truncated fragment of p. multocida toxin in pigs.previously we described the development of an attenuated pasteurella multocida mutant that expresses only the n-terminal truncated fragment of p. multocida toxin (n-pmt) and its protective effects in a mouse model. this paper details our evaluation of the vaccine potential of this mutant strain in pigs. pigs vaccinated with the mutant showed significantly higher rates of antibody induction and lower nasal conchal (turbinate) scores for atrophic rhinitis than controls, which suggests that this mu ...201222754098
[a 76-year-old dog owner with fever and dyspnea].a 76-year-old female patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease presented with dyspnea, fever and productive coughing. the chest x-ray revealed upper lobe pneumonia. intravenous antibiotic therapy with moxifloxacine was initiated but soon afterwards the patient developed septic shock with hypotension, acute respiratory and renal failure. pressure-controlled ventilation, continuous veno-venous hemodialysis and administration of catecholamines were initiated but the patient died 22 h after ...201222743739
pasteurellaceae isolated from bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) from idaho, oregon, and wyoming.to elucidate the species and biovariants of pasteurellaceae isolated from clinically normal bighorn sheep (ovis canadensis) or bighorn sheep with evidence of respiratory disease.201222738054
immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the recombinant pasteurella lipoprotein e and outer membrane protein h from pasteurella multocida a:3 in mice.pasteurella multocida serotype a:3 is a gram-negative bacterial pathogen, one of the causative agents of shipping fever of cattle. in this study, outer membrane protein h (omph) and pasteurella lipoprotein e (plpe) genes were cloned and plpec-omph fusion was constructed and expressed in escherichia coli. recombinant plpe, omph and plpec-omph fusion proteins were purified and formulated with oil-based and oil-based cpg odn adjuvants. antibody responses in mice vaccinated with recombinant plpe and ...201222727197
the pasteurella multocida toxin: a new paradigm for the link between bacterial infection and cancer.the concept that bacterial infection could cause cancer has only recently become accepted because of the strong epidemiological and molecular evidence for a major carcinogenic role played by helicobacter pylori. however, information on other potential bacterial carcinogens is very limited and thereby unconvincing. a different approach is to assess bacteria for potentially pro-carcinogenic properties. the pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt) has many properties that mark it out as a potential carcin ...201222695919
the role of lipooligosaccharide phosphorylcholine in colonization and pathogenesis of histophilus somni in cattle.histophilus somni is a gram-negative bacterium and member of the pasteurellaceae that is responsible for respiratory disease and other systemic infections in cattle. one of the bacterium's virulence factors is antigenic phase variation of its lipooligosaccharide (los). los antigenic variation may occur through variation in composition or structure of glycoses or their substitutions, such as phosphorylcholine (chop). however, the role of chop in the pathogenesis of h. somni disease has not been e ...201222676226
[pasteurella multocida septic shock in a previously healthy man]. 201622673133
immunostimulant effect of egyptian propolis in rabbits.the present experiment was conducted to study the effect of ethanolic extract of egyptian propolis given alone or in combination with inactivated pasteurella multocida vaccine on rabbits challenged with a virulent strain of pasteurella multocida. fifty-six new-zealand rabbits, 6-8 weeks old and non-vaccinated against pasteurellosis, were randomly divided into eight equal groups. the first group was kept as a control for the experiment. the other groups received different treatments with propolis ...201222654648
sequencing-independent method for the differentiation of the main phylogenetic lineages of pasteurella multocida.a rapid, easy method involving a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis was developed to differentiate the 2 phylogenetic lineages of pasteurella multocida. the pcr targeted the 16s ribosomal rna gene, and the rflp involved separate digestions with hindiii, eari, and mlsi. the method was applied to 16 isolates of p. multocida from different hosts and the isolates were clearly assigned to 1 of the 2 lineages. the phylogenetic lin ...201222649161
pasteurella multocida endocarditis.pasteurella multocida is a gram-negative rod that forms part of the natural oral flora of cats and dogs. it is usually associated with skin and soft tissue infections, as a result of bites and scratches. although invasive and serious infections by p. multocida are rare, there are limited reports of pneumonia and sepsis. infective endocarditis (ie) is extremely rare. the case is reported of an 82-year-old male who presented with a productive cough, fever, and shortness of breath, and who was init ...201222645864
pasteurella multocida: diseases and pathogenesis.pasteurella multocida is an enigmatic pathogen. it is remarkable both for the number and range of specific disease syndromes with which it is associated, and the wide range of host species affected. the pathogenic mechanisms involved in causing the different syndromes are, for the most part, poorly understood or completely unknown. the biochemical and serological properties of some organisms responsible for quite different syndromes appear to be similar. thus, the molecular basis for host predil ...201222643916
pasteurella multocida peritonitis with bacteremia on initiation of peritoneal dialysis. 201522641748
evaluation of serovar-independent elisa antigens of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in pigs, following experimental challenge with a. pleuropneumoniae, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and pasteurella multocida.to compare the sensitivity and specificity of six serological enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) based on serovar-independent antigens of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (app) and investigate cross-reactivity in disease-free pigs challenged with mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and pasteurella multocida.201222632286
complete genome sequence of pasteurella multocida hn06, a toxigenic strain of serogroup d.pasteurella multocida is an important etiological agent that can cause many economically important diseases in a wide range of mammals and birds. here, we report the complete genome sequence of p. multocida hn06, a toxigenic serogroup d strain isolated from a diseased pig in china.201222628516
antimicrobial activity of wild mushroom extracts against clinical isolates resistant to different antibiotics.this work aimed to screen the antimicrobial activity of aqueous methanolic extracts of 13 mushroom species, collected in bragança, against several clinical isolates obtained in hospital center of trás-os-montes and alto douro, portugal.201222621239
a sialyltransferase mutant with decreased donor hydrolysis and reduced sialidase activities for directly sialylating lewisx.glycosyltransferases are important catalysts for enzymatic and chemoenzymatic synthesis of complex carbohydrates and glycoconjugates. the glycosylation efficiencies of wild-type glycosyltransferases vary considerably when different acceptor substrates are used. using a multifunctional pasteurella multocida sialyltransferase 1 (pmst1) as an example, we show here that the sugar nucleotide donor hydrolysis activity of glycosyltransferases contributes significantly to the low yield of glycosylation ...201222583967
cat induced pasteurella multocida peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis: a case report and review of the literature.a 7-year-old girl treated with peritoneal dialysis developed a peritonitis due to pasteurella multocida after physical contact of the domestic cat with the dialysis machine. only 25 of such cases have been reported, mostly concerning adults. we report the third case involving a child, together with a literature review.201322572039
a catastrophic event caused by pasteurella multocida in an alcoholic cirrhotic patient. 201222567753
multiplex pcr to identify macrolide resistance determinants in mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida.the bacterial pathogens mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida are major etiological agents in respiratory tract infections of cattle. although these infections can generally be successfully treated with veterinary macrolide antibiotics, a few recent isolates have shown resistance to these drugs. macrolide resistance in members of the family pasteurellaceae is conferred by combinations of at least three genes: erm(42), which encodes a monomethyltransferase and confers a type i mls(b) ( ...201222564832
visualizing the 16-membered ring macrolides tildipirosin and tilmicosin bound to their ribosomal site.the veterinary antibiotic tildipirosin (20,23-dipiperidinyl-mycaminosyl-tylonolide, zuprevo) was developed recently to treat bovine and swine respiratory tract infections caused by bacterial pathogens such as pasteurella multocida. tildipirosin is a derivative of the naturally occurring compound tylosin. here, we define drug-target interactions by combining chemical footprinting with structure modeling and show that tildipirosin, tylosin, and an earlier tylosin derivative, tilmicosin (20-dimethy ...201222563863
pasteurella multocida toxin interaction with host cells: entry and cellular effects.the mitogenic dermonecrotic toxin from pasteurella multocida (pmt) is a 1285-residue multipartite protein that belongs to the a-b family of bacterial protein toxins. through its g-protein-deamidating activity on the α subunits of heterotrimeric g(q)-, g(i)- and g(12/13)-proteins, pmt potently stimulates downstream mitogenic, calcium, and cytoskeletal signaling pathways. these activities lead to pleiotropic effects in different cell types, which ultimately result in cellular proliferation, while ...201222552700
predicting the outer membrane proteome of pasteurella multocida based on consensus prediction enhanced by results integration and manual confirmation.outer membrane proteins (omps) of pasteurella multocida have various functions related to virulence and pathogenesis and represent important targets for vaccine development. various bioinformatic algorithms can predict outer membrane localization and discriminate omps by structure or function. the designation of a confident prediction framework by integrating different predictors followed by consensus prediction, results integration and manual confirmation will improve the prediction of the oute ...201222540951
severe pasteurella multocida infection after a dog bite. 201222525693
[acute pasteurellosis in fallow deer, cattle and pigs in a region of eastern germany].hemorrhagic septicaemia, an acute disease caused by p multocida capsular type b which is rarely detected in europe, caused considerable losses in fallow deer, cattle and pigs within a region along the border of the federal states brandenburg and saxony-anhalt in the summer of 2010. clinical appearances and diagnostic findings are presented and possible triggering influences discussed. pasteurella multocida capsular type b has not been cultivated from clinically healthy cattle and pigs of the reg ...201222515030
pasteurella multocida osteomyelitis: an unusual case presentation.a healthy male farm employee developed an unusual infection caused by pasteurella multocida. atypical features included the chronic nature of the infection, the development of osteomyelitis of the tibia without direct animal inoculation, and lack of fever and leukocytosis. radiographic appearance of p multocida osteomyelitis may be the result of osteoclast activation and can be confused with musculoskeletal tumour. p multocida infection requires a high degree of suspicion, and should be consider ...199622514430
[isolation, identification and bioactivity characterization of goose avian beta-defensin 3].the objective of the study was to clone avian beta-defensin (avbd) 3 gene from goose tissues, express the recombinant avbd3 protein in escherichia coli, and determine its antimicrobial activity. the mrna of goose avbd3 was cloned from spleen and bursa of fabricius of the gooses by rt-pcr. the sequence analysis showed that the genefragment of avbd3 contained 182 bp, and encoded 60 amino acids. homology analysis showed that goose avbd3 shared the highest percentage of amino acid homology (100%) wi ...201122506411
haemophilus parasuis serovars isolated from pathological samples in northern italy.from january 2007 to december 2011, a total of 106 haemophilus parasuis strains isolated from pigs were serotyped by agar gel diffusion test (dg). serovar 4 was the most prevalent (24.5%), followed by serovar 13 (19.8%) and serovar 5 (11.3%). twenty-nine strains were non-typeable (27.3%). the strains were divided into two groups, depending on whether they were isolated from specific pathological lesions of systemic disease such as polyserositis, arthritis or meningitis (73 cases of 106) or from ...201322494561
pasteurella multocida in backyard chickens in upper egypt: incidence with polymerase chain reaction analysis for capsule type, virulence in chicken embryos and antimicrobial resistance.the prevalence of pasteurella multocida strains among 275 backyard chickens from different regions of upper egypt was studied. a total of 21 isolates of p. multocida were recovered in 21 out of 275 chickens tested (7.6%) and were confirmed using phenotypic characterisation. somatic serotyping of the 21 isolates resulted in 12 isolates being classed as serotype a:1 (57.14%), 4 as serotype a:3 (19.05%) and 5 could not be typed (23.8%). capsular typing, using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pc ...201322485004
frontal osteomyelitis (pott's puffy tumour) associated with pasteurella multocida-a case report and review of the literature.a 58-year-old woman presented with progressive midforehead swelling and erythema with frontal headache. investigations revealed erosion of the anterior wall of the frontal sinus with subgaleal abscess formation, establishing a diagnosis of pott's puffy tumour. pasteurella multocida was isolated in pure growth from an aspirate of the abscess. p multocida is a rare cause of sinusitis. it is isolated from the respiratory tract of asymptomatic individuals and, more commonly, patients with chronic re ...199822451778
identification of genes transcribed by pasteurella multocida in rabbit livers through the selective capture of transcribed sequences.pasteurella multocida, a gram-negative nonmotile coccobacillus, is the causative agent of fowl cholera in poultry, hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle, atropic rhinitis in swine, and snuffles in rabbits. the differentially expressed gene profile of p. multocida in infected rabbit livers was identified and compared with that from in vitro culture by selective capture of transcribed sequences. a total of 31 genes were identified, of which 28 encoded enzymes for amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism, ...201222448890
interaction between mammalian cells and pasteurella multocida b:2. adherence, invasion and intracellular survival.a pasteurella multocida b:2 strain from a case of bovine haemorrhagic septicaemia (hs) and a derivative, jrmt12, that was attenuated by a deletion in the aroa gene, were shown to adhere to, invade and survive within cultured embryonic bovine lung (ebl) cells. by comparison, bovine strains of mannheimia haemolytica serotype a1 and p. multocida serotype a:3, although able to adhere to ebl cells, were not found intracellularly. the b:2 strains were viable intracellularly over a 7 h period, although ...201222445819
pasteurella multocida and immune cells.pasteurella multocida was first discovered by perroncito in 1878 and named after louis pasteur who first isolated and described this gram-negative bacterium as the cause of fowl disease in 1880. subsequently, p. multocida was also found to cause atrophic rhinitis in pigs, haemorrhagic septicaemia in cattle and respiratory diseases in many other animals. among other factors such as lipopolysaccharide, outer membrane proteins and its capsule, the protein toxin (pmt) of p. multocida is an important ...201222427181
site-specific immobilization of enzymes on magnetic nanoparticles and their use in organic synthesis.magnetic nanoparticles (mnps) are attractive materials that serve as a support for enzyme immobilization and facilitate separations by applying an external magnetic field; this could facilitate the recycling of enzymes and broaden their applications in organic synthesis. herein, we report the methods for the immobilization of water-soluble and membrane-bound enzymes, and the activity difference between free and immobilized enzymes is discussed. sialyltransferase (pmst1, from pasteurella multocid ...201222424277
a rare case of neonatal sepsis/meningitis caused by pasteurella multocida complicated with status epilepticus and focal cerebritis.pasteurella multocida is normally present in respiratory and digestive tract of many domestic and wild animals, but is a rare pathogen in neonatal infection. here we describe for the first time a case of meningitis complicated by status epilepticus and right parietal lobe cerebritis. the patient showed a dramatic clinical onset characterized by septic appearance and prolonged seizures. multidrug anticonvulsivant therapy was used to control the status epilepticus, but despite the aggressive treat ...201222423481
swine atrophic rhinitis caused by pasteurella multocida toxin and bordetella dermonecrotic toxin.atrophic rhinitis is a widespread and economically important swine disease caused by pasteurella multocida and bordetella bronchiseptica. the disease is characterized by atrophy of the nasal turbinate bones, which results in a shortened and deformed snout in severe cases. p. multocida toxin and b. bronchiseptica dermonecrotic toxin have been considered to independently or cooperatively disturb the osteogenesis of the turbinate bone by inhibiting osteoblastic differentiation and/or stimulating bo ...201222411430
pathogenomics of pasteurella multocida.the first complete genome sequence of the p. multocida avian isolate pm70 was reported in 2001. analysis of the genome identified many predicted virulence genes, including two encoding homologues of the bordetella pertussis filamentous haemagluttinins, and genes involved in iron transport and metabolism. availability of the genome sequence allowed for a range of whole-genome transcriptomic and proteomic analyses and these have helped us understand how p. multocida responds to growth in the prese ...201222402726
seroprevalence of newcastle disease and other infectious diseases in backyard chickens at markets in eastern shewa zone, ethiopia.this study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence of newcastle disease (nd), pasteurella multocida (pm) infection, mycoplasma gallisepticum (mg) infection, and infectious bursal disease (ibd) and to assess the level of concurrent seropositivity during the dry and wet seasons of the year 2010. in total, 234 and 216 sera were collected during the dry and wet seasons, respectively, from unvaccinated backyard chickens at 4 live poultry markets in 2 woredas (districts) of eastern shewa zone, et ...201222399725
increased mics of gamithromycin and tildipirosin in the presence of the genes erm(42) and msr(e)-mph(e) for bovine pasteurella multocida and mannheimia haemolytica. 201222398653
expression and purification of recombinant type iv fimbrial subunit protein of pasteurella multocida serogroup b:2 in escherichia coli.pasteurella multocida serogroup b:2, a causative agent of haemorrhagic secpticaemia (hs) in cattle and buffalo especially in tropical regions of asia and african countries, is known to possess a type iv fimbriae (pili) as one of the virulent factors. in the present study, ptfa gene encoding for type iv fimbrial subunit of p. multocida serogroup b:2 (strain p52), an indian hs vaccine strain, has been cloned and over-expressed in recombinant escherichia coli. the recombinant type iv fimbrial subun ...201222398154
causes of pneumonia epizootics among bighorn sheep, western united states, 2008-2010.epizootic pneumonia of bighorn sheep is a devastating disease of uncertain etiology. to help clarify the etiology, we used culture and culture-independent methods to compare the prevalence of the bacterial respiratory pathogens mannheimia haemolytica, bibersteinia trehalosi, pasteurella multocida, and mycoplasma ovipneumoniae in lung tissue from 44 bighorn sheep from herds affected by 8 outbreaks in the western united states. m. ovipneumoniae, the only agent detected at significantly higher prev ...201222377321
evidence-based effectiveness of vaccination against mannheimia haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, and histophilus somni in feedlot cattle for mitigating the incidence and effect of bovine respiratory disease complex.bovine respiratory disease complex is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in feedlot cattle. a number of vaccines against bacterial respiratory pathogens are commercially available and researchers have studied their impact on morbidity, mortality, and other disease outcome measures in feedlot cattle. a systematic review will provide veterinarians with a rigorous and transparent evaluation of the published literature to estimate the extent of vaccine effect. unfortunately, the published ...201222374120
the key surface components of pasteurella multocida: capsule and lipopolysaccharide.the capsule and lipopolysaccharide (lps) of pasteurella multocida constitute the major components of the bacterial cell surface. as well as forming the basis for the most widely used classification systems, they play key roles in a range of interactions between the bacteria and the hosts they colonize or infect. both polysaccharides are involved in the avoidance of host innate immune mechanisms, such as resistance to phagocytosis, complement-mediated killing, and the bactericidal activity of ant ...201222373812
molecular biology of pasteurella multocida toxin.pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt) is the causative agent of progressive atrophic rhinitis in swine. the 146 kda single-chain toxin harbours discrete domains important for receptor binding, internalisation and biological activity. the molecular basis of the toxin's activity is the deamidation of a specific glutamine residue in the α-subunit of heterotrimeric g proteins. this results in an inhibition of the inherent gtpase activity leading to a constitutively active phenotype of the g protein. due ...201222371145
comparison of antemortem antimicrobial treatment regimens to antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of postmortem lung isolates from feedlot cattle with bronchopneumonia.a retrospective study was performed to compare the treatment regimens in feedlot cattle that died with bovine respiratory disease (brd) to the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the microorganisms isolated from lungs. forty-three cattle submitted by the willard sparks beef research center (wsbrc) to the oklahoma animal disease diagnostic laboratory for postmortem examination during 2007 had bronchopneumonia (acute = 16, subacute = 5, or chronic = 22). lungs from cattle were cultured aerobi ...201122362524
detection of pasteurella multocida isolates from local pigs of india by polymerase chain reaction and their antibiogram.pasteurella multocida has been recognized as an important veterinary pathogen for over a century. conventional methods for diagnosis of pasteurellosis rely on the detection of the organism by microscopy and its isolation and identification. however, as far as pasteurellosis is concerned, it is not just sufficient to know the identity of the organism. to constitute effective control measures, it is important to know the serotype of the organism. a study was undertaken to characterize the pasteure ...201222318769
cross protection of a mannheimia haemolytica a1 lkt-/pasteurella multocida δhyae bovine respiratory disease vaccine against experimental challenge with mannheimia haemolytica a6 in calves.bovine respiratory disease causes significant economic losses in both beef and dairy calf industries. although multi-factorial in nature, the disease is characterized by an acute fibrinous lobar pneumonia typically associated with the isolation of mannheimia haemolytica. m. haemolytica a1 and a6 are the two most commonly isolated serotypes from cattle, however, the majority of vaccines have not demonstrated cross-serotype protection. in the current study, the efficacy of a novel, attenuated live ...201222306859
efficient one-pot multienzyme synthesis of udp-sugars using a promiscuous udp-sugar pyrophosphorylase from bifidobacterium longum (blusp).a promiscuous udp-sugar pyrophosphorylase (blusp) was cloned from bifidobacterium longum strain atcc55813 and used efficiently with a pasteurella multocida inorganic pyrophosphatase (pmppa) with or without a monosaccharide 1-kinase for one-pot multienzyme synthesis of udp-galactose, udp-glucose, udp-mannose, and their derivatives. further chemical diversification of a udp-mannose derivative resulted in the formation of udp-n-acetylmannosamine.201222306833
immunomodulatory potential of methanol extract of aegle marmelos in animals.the aim of the current research was to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of methanol extract of aegle marmelos in an experimental animal model of cellular and humoral immunity. administration of methanol extract of aegle marmelos (500 and 1000 mg/kg, p.o.) and ocimum sanctum (100 mg/kg, p.o.), produced significant increase in adhesion of neutrophils and an increase in phagocytic index in carbon clearance assay. both doses of aegle marmelos prevented the mortality induced by bovine pasteure ...201122303072
vaginal bacterial flora and cytology in proestrous bitches: role on fertility.the study of canine vaginal cytology underwent limited evolution over the years. presence and significance of inflammatory cells in vaginal smears are little considered aspects in the bitch. moreover, occurrence of vaginal bacteria in breeding bitches during follicular phase of the reproductive cycle, in absence of clinical signs of infection, involves the difficult question of antibiotics administration. the aim of this study was to relate findings in vaginal cytology (presence of neutrophils, ...201222289216
functional analysis and induction of four novel goose (anser cygnoides) avian β-defensins in response to salmonella enteritidis infection.in the current study, four novel avian β-defensins (avbds) (avbd2, 5, 9, and 10) were identified in tissues from the chinese goose (anser cygnoides). the antibacterial activity of the avbds showed that all of these avbds exhibited antibacterial activity against most of the bacteria investigated (p<0.01). in addition, antibacterial activity of all of the avbds against staphylococcus aureus and pasteurella multocida decreased significantly or was completely abolished at 150mm nacl (p<0.01). none o ...201222285691
life-threatening respiratory pasteurellosis associated with palliative pet care.pasteurella multocida is a zoonotic gram-negative cocco-bacillus often associated with soft tissue infections due to dog and cat bites. here we report 3 patients who developed life-threatening p. multocida respiratory tract infections after providing palliative care to their dying pets.201222238163
structure/function analysis of pasteurella multocida heparosan synthases: toward defining enzyme specificity and engineering novel catalysts.the pasteurella multocida heparosan synthases, pmhs1 and pmhs2, are homologous (∼65% identical) bifunctional glycosyltransferase proteins found in type d pasteurella. these unique enzymes are able to generate the glycosaminoglycan heparosan by polymerizing sugars to form repeating disaccharide units from the donor molecules udp-glucuronic acid (udp-glcua) and udp-n-acetylglucosamine (udp-glcnac). although these isozymes both generate heparosan, the catalytic phenotypes of these isozymes are quit ...201222235128
differential pkc-dependent and -independent pkd activation by g protein α subunits of the gq family: selective stimulation of pkd ser⁷⁴⁸ autophosphorylation by gαq.protein kinase d (pkd) is activated within cells by stimulation of multiple g protein coupled receptors (gpcr). earlier studies demonstrated a role for pkc to mediate rapid activation loop phosphorylation-dependent pkd activation. subsequently, a novel pkc-independent pathway in response to gαq-coupled gpcr stimulation was identified. here, we examined further the specificity and pkc-dependence of pkd activation using cos-7 cells cotransfected with different gq-family gα and stimulated with alum ...201222227248
glutathione biosynthesis in bacteria by bifunctional gshf is driven by a modular structure featuring a novel hybrid atp-grasp fold.glutathione is an intracellular redox-active tripeptide thiol with a central role in cellular physiology across all kingdoms of life. glutathione biosynthesis has been traditionally viewed as a conserved process relying on the sequential activity of two separate ligases, but recently, an enzyme (gshf) that unifies both necessary reactions in one platform has been identified and characterized in a number of pathogenic and free-living bacteria. here, we report crystal structures of two prototypic ...201122226834
septic shock from pasturella multocida following a cat bite: case report and review of literature.pasteurella multocida is a gram-negative organism categorized morphologically as a coccobacillus. p. multocida is a natural inhabitant found in the nasopharynx and oropharynx of numerous animal hosts, but serves as an opportunistic pathogen in humans. pasturella multocida has multiple subspecies; when identified as the cause of infection they are broadly termed pasturelloses. infections involving p. multocida are typically reported to occur in immune-compromised patients. few cases in the litera ...201222216675
host response in rabbits to infection with pasteurella multocida serogroup f strains originating from fowl cholera.although pasteurella multocida serogroup f has been described as an avian-adapted serogroup, it was recently found in rabbit nests in the czech republic. therefore, the ability of 2 avian p. multocida serogroup f strains to induce disease in rabbits was investigated. two groups of 18 pasteurella-free rabbits were intranasally challenged with strains isolated from chickens and turkeys. half of the animals in each challenge group were immunosuppressed using dexamethasone. all of the challenged rab ...201122210996
interaction of bordetella bronchiseptica, pasteurella multocida, and fumonisin b1 in the porcine respiratory tract as studied by computed tomography.the interaction of bordetella bronchiseptica, toxigenic pasteurella multocida serotype d, and the mycotoxin fumonisin b(1) (fb(1)) was studied. on day 0 of the experiment, 28 artificially reared 3-day-old piglets were divided into 4 groups (n = 7 each): a control group (a), a group fed fb(1) toxin (b), a group infected with the 2 pathogens (c), and a group infected with the 2 pathogens and fed fb(1) toxin (d). the b. bronchiseptica infection [with 10(6) colony-forming units (cfu)/ml] was perform ...201122210993
Bactericidal properties of pradofloxacin against veterinary pathogens.Pradofloxacin is a new veterinary 8-cyano-fluoroquinolone developed for use against bacterial infections in dogs and cats involving both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The minimal bactericidal concentrations have been determined against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pasteurella multocida, Streptococcus canis, Proteus spp., Fusobacterium spp., Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella species. A subset of these species was selected, ...201122209121
Otariodibacter oris gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Pasteurellaceae isolated from the oral cavity of pinnipeds.A total of 27 bacterial isolates from California sea lions and a walrus tentatively classified with the family Pasteurellaceae were further characterized by geno- and phenotypic tests. Phylogenetic analysis of partial 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequences showed that the isolates investigated formed a monophyletic group, tentatively designated Bisgaard taxon 57. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence, the closest related validly named species was Bisgaardia hudsonensis with 95 % similarity and the close ...201122199211
Pasteurella multocida Infection in a Neonate: Evidence for a Human-to-Human Horizontal Transmission.Pasteurella multocida is usually transmitted by animal contact but in a significant proportion of cases no animal exposure can be identified. Although vertical transmission has been identified in neonates, horizontal human-to-human spread has not been documented. A case of neonatal sepsis and meningitis resulting from horizontal transmission of P. multocida is described.201122198826
synthesis of heparosan oligosaccharides by pasteurella multocida pmhs2 single-action transferases.pasteurella multocida heparosan synthase pmhs2 is a dual action glycosyltransferase that catalyzes the polymerization of heparosan polymers in a non-processive manner. the two pmhs2 single-action transferases, obtained previously by site-directed mutagenesis, have been immobilized on ni(ii)-nitrilotriacetic acid agarose during the purification step. a detailed study of the polymerization process in the presence of non-equal amounts of pmhs2 single-action transferases revealed that the glucuronyl ...201122198719
Epidemiology of Mycoplasma bovis in Pennsylvania veal calves.The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence and incidence of Mycoplasma bovis, a common cause of pneumonia, in veal calves. Using simple random sampling, 252 calves from 4 veal herds located in central Pennsylvania were selected and longitudinally followed for monthly collection of nasal swabs. Bronchial swabs and lung lesions were collected at the slaughterhouse. Nasal, bronchial, and lung lesion swabs were cultured for bacterial respiratory pathogens. Ninety lung lesions were ide ...201222192204
psoas abscess due to pasteurella multocida.psoas abscess is a pus collection within the muscle compartment. it is a very uncommon entity. it can be primary as a result of haematogenous spread or secondary as a consequence of a direct extension of an infectious focus. diagnosis is usually delayed because nonspecific clinical presentation. staphylococcus aureus is the most common organism cultured in this type of abscess. we describe a secondary psoas abscess in an elderly female patient. the patient presented with fever, right groin pain ...201122188964
pasteurella multocida pneumonia: zoonotic transmission confirmed by molecular epidemiological analysis. 201222188500
Phenotypic Characterization and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Analysis of Pasteurella multocida Isolated from Korean Pigs.Pasteurella multocida causes various respiratory disease symptoms in pigs, including atrophic rhinitis and pneumonia. In the present study, 69 strains of P. multocida were isolated from 443 pigs with respiratory clinical symptoms at 182 farms located throughout South Korea from 2009 to 2010. A multiplex capsular PCR typing assay revealed that 69 strains of P. multocida isolated in this study had the biosynthetic locus of the capsules of either serogroup A (47 strains, 68.1%) or serogroup D (22 s ...201122167105
Polymicrobial respiratory disease in pigs.Respiratory disease in pigs is common in modern pork production worldwide and is often referred to as porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC). PRDC is polymicrobial in nature, and results from infection with various combinations of primary and secondary respiratory pathogens. As a true multifactorial disease, environmental conditions, population size, management strategies and pig-specific factors such as age and genetics also play critical roles in the outcome of PRDC. While non-infectious f ...201122152290
Bacterial pathogens associated with lung lesions in slaughter pigs from 125 herds.Relationships between macroscopic lesions and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) detection of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mhp), Pasteurella multocida (Pm), Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (App), Haemophilus parasuis (Hps) and Streptococcus suis (Ssuis) of the lungs of 3731 slaughter pigs from 125 herds were assessed in France. Pneumonia and pleuritis were the most frequent lesions (69.3% and 15% of the lungs, respectively). Mhp, Pm, App, Ssuis and Hps were detected in 69.3%, 36.9%, 20.7%, 6.4% and 0. ...201122133708
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic testing of marbofloxacin administered as a single injection for the treatment of bovine respiratory disease.Vallé, M., Schneider, M., Galland, D., Giboin, H., Woehrlé, F. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic testing of marbofloxacin administered as a single injection for the treatment of bovine respiratory disease. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2011.01350.x. New approaches in Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) integration suggested that marbofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone already licensed for the treatment of bovine respiratory disease at a daily dosage of 2 mg/kg for 3-5 days, ...201122126438
Survey of marbofloxacin susceptibility of bacteria isolated from cattle with respiratory disease and mastitis in Europe.A monitoring programme conducted in Europe since 1994 to survey the marbofloxacin susceptibility of bacterial pathogens isolated from cattle has established the susceptibility of bacterial strains isolated before any antibiotic treatment from bovine mastitis and bovine respiratory disease (BRD) cases between 2002 and 2008. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by a standardised microdilution technique. For respiratory pathogens, Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica is ...201122121154
time-course investigation of infection with a low virulent pasteurella multocida strain in normal and immune-suppressed 12-week-old free-range chickens.twelve-week-old indigenous chickens, either immune-suppressed using dexamethasone (is) or non-immune-suppressed (nis), were challenged with a low virulent strain, pasteurella multocida strain nctc 10322(t), and developed clinical signs and pathological lesions typical of chronic fowl cholera. nis birds demonstrated much more severe signs of fowl cholera than is birds. with few exceptions, signs recorded in is and nis birds were of the same types, but significantly milder in the is birds, indicat ...201122107097
antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and sensitivity to tulathromycin in goat respiratory bacterial isolates.bacterial pneumonia is a common and often life-threatening respiratory problem in both meat and dairy goats. options for approved antibiotic therapy in goats to combat these bacterial infections are severely limited and frequently drugs must be used in an extra-label manner. tulathromycin, a triamilide macrolide antimicrobial drug shown to be effective against swine and cattle respiratory bacterial agents, has been identified as a potentially useful drug in caprines. the present study was conduc ...201122078276
pmst3 from pasteurella multocida encoded by pm1174 gene is a monofunctional α2-3-sialyltransferase.pasteurella multocida (pm) strain pm70 has three putative sialyltransferase genes including pm0188, pm0508, and pm1174. a pm0188 gene homolog in pm strain p-1059 encodes a multifunctional α2-3-sialyltransferase, pmst1, that prefers oligosaccharide acceptors. a pm0508 gene homolog in the same strain encodes a monofunctional sialyltransferase pmst2 that prefers glycolipid acceptors. here, we report that the third sialyltransferase from pm (pmst3) encoded by gene pm1174 in strain pm70 is a monofunc ...201122075637
pasteurella multocida toxin activates various heterotrimeric g proteins by deamidation.pasteurella multocida produces a 146-kda protein toxin (pasteurella multocida toxin, pmt), which stimulates diverse cellular signal transduction pathways by activating heterotrimeric g proteins. pmt deamidates a conserved glutamine residue of the a-subunit of heterotrimeric g proteins that is essential for gtp-hydrolysis, thereby arresting the g protein in the active state. the toxin substrates are ga(q) ga(13) and the ga(i)-family proteins. activation of these a-subunits causes stimulation of p ...201022069582
Identification of Pasteurella multocida capsular types isolated from rabbits and other domestic animals in Mexico with respiratory diseases.Pasteurella multocida is the causative agent of pasteurellosis, a major disease in most domestic animals and livestock. In this study, a total of 34 isolates of P. multocida from rabbits and other domestic animals from Mexico with respiratory diseases underwent polymerase chain reaction-based capsular typing. One sheep isolate was found to belong to capsular serogroup D, whereas the rest of the rabbit, sheep, cattle, pig, goat, and duck isolates belonged to capsular serogroup A of P. multocida. ...201122068635
arf6-dependent intracellular trafficking of pasteurella multocida toxin and ph-dependent translocation from late endosomes.the potent mitogenic toxin from pasteurella multocida (pmt) is the major virulence factor associated with a number of epizootic and zoonotic diseases caused by infection with this respiratory pathogen. pmt is a glutamine-specific protein deamidase that acts on its intracellular g-protein targets to increase intracellular calcium, cytoskeletal, and mitogenic signaling. pmt enters cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis and then translocates into the cytosol through a ph-dependent process that ...201122053287
plasma membrane association of three classes of bacterial toxins is mediated by a basic-hydrophobic motif.plasma membrane targeting is essential for the proper function of many bacterial toxins. a conserved fourhelical bundle membrane localization domain (4hbm) was recently identified within three diverse families of toxins: clostridial glucosylating toxins, martx toxins and pasteurella multocida-like toxins. when expressed in tissue culture cells or in yeast, gfp fusions to at least one 4hbm from each toxin family show significant peripheral membrane localization but with differing profiles. both i ...201122044757
preliminary clinical pharmacological investigations of tylosin and tiamulin in chickens.summary the minimal inhibitory concentrations (m1c) of tiamulin and tylosin for mycoplasma. gram-positive, and gram-negative micro-organisms isolated from chickens were determinated by the agar dilution method. median m1c values for tiamulin against mycoplasma gallisepticum (0.05 µg/ml) and mycoplasma synoviae (0.10 µg/ml) were 2 to 4 times lower than the corresponding values for tylosin. tiamulin was also slightly more effective in vitro in inhibiting escherichia coli, pasteurella multocida, ...198022039981
comparative pharmacokinetics of orbifloxacin in healthy and pasteurella multocida infected ducks.the pharmacokinetic aspects of orbifloxacin were studied in both healthy and naturally diseased ducks after a single intravenous and intramuscular dose of 5 mg kg⁻¹ body weight. the serum concentrations of orbifloxacin following single intravenous and intramuscular injections were higher in diseased than in healthy ducks. the disposition of orbifloxacin after a single intravenous injection was described by a two-compartment open model in both healthy and diseased ducks. orbifloxacin was distribu ...201122029792
plasmid-mediated florfenicol resistance in mannheimia haemolytica isolated from cattle.the aim of this study was to analyse a florfenicol-resistant mannheimia haemolytica isolated from a calf to determine the genetic basis of its florfenicol-resistance. the antimicrobial susceptibility and plasmid content of the isolate were determined. a florfenicol resistant plasmid carrying the flor gene was identified by pcr and transformed into escherichia coli jm109 and hb101 strains. the plasmid was then mapped and sequenced completely. the isolate was resistant to chloramphenicol, florfeni ...201122019290
microbial ecology of swine farms and prrs vaccine vaccination strategies.the present study investigated the microbial ecology and vaccination strategies against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) in field condition. four representative farms with a history of prrs were included in this study. over the almost 3-year period, the average detection rate was 68.9%, making prrsv the first most frequently detected virus, followed by porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) (64.2%), pseudorabies virus (prv) (11.03%) and classical swine fever virus (csfv) (4.41%). s ...201122014373
Characterization of the lipopolysaccharide from Pasteurella multocida Heddleston serovar 9; identification of a proposed bi-functional dTDP-3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxy-{alpha}-D-glucose biosynthesis enzyme.Pasteurella multocida strains are classified into 16 different LPS serovars using the Heddleston serotyping scheme. Ongoing studies in our laboratories on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) aim to determine the core oligosaccharide (OS) structures expressed by each of the Heddleston type strains and identify the genes and transferases required for the biosynthesis of the serovar-specific oligosaccharides. In this study we have determined the core OS of the LPS expressed by the Heddleston serovar 9 typ ...201122002973
ICEPmu1, an integrative conjugative element (ICE) of Pasteurella multocida: structure and transfer.Background Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) have not been detected in Pasteurella multocida. In this study the multiresistance ICEPmu1 from bovine P. multocida was analysed for its core genes and its ability to conjugatively transfer into strains of the same and different genera. Methods ICEPmu1 was identified during whole genome sequencing. Coding sequences were predicted by bioinformatic tools and manually curated using the annotation software ERGO. Conjugation into P. multocida, M ...201222001176
ICEPmu1, an integrative conjugative element (ICE) of Pasteurella multocida: analysis of the regions that comprise 12 antimicrobial resistance genes.Background In recent years, multiresistant Pasteurella multocida isolates from bovine respiratory tract infections have been identified. These isolates have exhibited resistance to most classes of antimicrobial agents commonly used in veterinary medicine, the genetic basis of which, however, is largely unknown. Methods Genomic DNA of a representative P. multocida isolate was subjected to whole genome sequencing. Genes have been predicted by the YACOP program, compared with the SWISSProt/EMBL da ...201222001175
the development of a rapid sybr green i-based quantitative pcr for detection of duck circovirus.this report describes a one-step real-time polymerase chain reaction assay based on sybr green i for detection of a broad range of duck circovirus (ducv). align with all ducv complete genome sequences and other genus circovirus download from the genbank (such as goose circovirus, pigeon circovirus), the primers targets to the replicate gene of ducv were designed. the detection assay was linear in the range of 1.31 × 102-1.31 × 107 copies/μl. the reaction efficiency of the assay using the slope ( ...201121978576
pasteurella multocida cmp-sialic acid synthetase and mutants of neisseria meningitidis cmp-sialic acid synthetase with improved substrate promiscuity.cytidine 5'-monophosphate (cmp)-sialic acid synthetases (csss) catalyze the formation of cmp-sialic acid from ctp and sialic acid, a key step for sialyltransferase-catalyzed biosynthesis of sialic acid-containing oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. more than 50 different sialic acid forms have been identified in nature. to facilitate the enzymatic synthesis of sialosides with diverse naturally occurring sialic acid forms and their non-natural derivatives, cmp-sialic acid synthetases with promi ...201121968653
Membrane interaction of Pasteurella multocida toxin involves sphingomyelin.Pasteurella multocida toxin (PMT) is an AB toxin that causes pleiotropic effects in targeted host cells. The N-terminus of PMT (PMT-N) is considered to harbor the membrane receptor binding and translocation domains responsible for mediating cellular entry and delivery of the C-terminal catalytic domain into the host cytosol. Previous studies have implicated gangliosides as the host receptors for PMT binding. To gain further insight into the binding interactions involved in PMT binding to cell me ...201121951695
bovine respiratory disease: efficacy of different prophylactic treatments in veal calves and antimicrobial resistance of isolated pasteurellaceae.the present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of two prophylactic antibiotic treatments against bovine respiratory disease (brd) in veal calves. in addition, the antibiotic susceptibilities of isolated pasteurellaceae were tested. the calves were treated either on the day of arrival by a single administration of tulathromycin (group a, n=20), by a peroral administration of chlortetracycline, sulphadimidine, and tylosin (group b, n=20) for seven consecutive days, or were not prophylact ...201121945813
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