Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| cryptococcosis in the era of aids--100 years after the discovery of cryptococcus neoformans. | although cryptococcus neoformans and cryptococcosis have existed for several millennia, a century has passed since the discovery of this encapsulated yeast and its devastating disease. with the advent of the aids pandemic, cryptococcal meningitis has emerged as a leading cause of infectious morbidity and mortality and a frequently life-threatening opportunistic mycosis among patients with aids. both basic and clinical research have accelerated in the 1990s, and this review attempts to highlight ... | 1995 | 8665468 |
| new and emerging yeast pathogens. | the most common yeast species that act as agents of human disease are candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida glabrata, candida parapsilosis, and cryptococcus neoformans. the incidence of infections by other yeasts has increased during the past decade. the most evident emerging pathogens are malassezia furfur, trichosporon beigelii, rhodotorula species, hansenula anomala, candida lusitaniae, and candida krusei. organisms once considered environmental contaminants or only industrially impor ... | 1995 | 8665465 |
| in vitro activity of 1,3-beta-d-glucan synthase requires the gtp-binding protein rho1. | in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae, the family of rho genes are implicated in the control of morphogenetic events although the molecular targets of these gtp-binding proteins remain largely unknown. the activity of 1,3-beta-d-glucan synthase, the product of which is essential for cell wall integrity, is regulated by a gtp-binding protein, which we here present evidence to be rho1p. rho1p was found to copurify with fks1p, a glucan synthase subunit, in preparations of the enzyme purified by pro ... | 1996 | 8662910 |
| [extra meningeal cryptococcosis in a patient with aids]. | we report a young homosexual male with aids that presented a systemic cryptococcus neoformans infection. he had skin, lymph node and colonic involvement but the central nervous system was spared. treatment was started with amphotericin b, achieving a good remission of skin lesions. however, malaise and digestive symptoms did not abate and the patient died. | 1995 | 8657954 |
| seasonal variation of disseminated penicillium marneffei infections in northern thailand: a clue to the reservoir? | disseminated penicillium marneffei infections are common aids-defining opportunistic infections among persons with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in northern thailand. penicilliosis due to p. marneffei is the third most frequent aids-defining infection in this population, after tuberculosis and cryptococcosis. very little is known about the epidemiology and natural reservoir of p. marneffei. the seasonal distribution of two common aids-defining fungal infections was compared among ... | 1996 | 8648227 |
| infections in patients with chronic adult t-cell leukemia/lymphoma: case report and review. | adult t-cell leukemia/lymphoma (atll) is caused by the human t-cell lymphotropic virus type i (htlv-i). atll is classified into the smoldering, chronic, lymphoma, and acute subtypes. we describe a north american woman with chronic atll who presented with pneumonia caused by pneumocystis carinii, cryptococcus neoformans, mycoplasma pneumoniae, and mycobacterium avium complex. although opportunistic infections have been documented in patients with atll, there are few case reports detailing infecti ... | 1995 | 8645790 |
| expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in rat pulmonary cryptococcus neoformans granulomas. | rats, like humans, have extremely effective immune mechanisms for controlling pulmonary cryptococcus neoformans infection. the mechanism(s) responsible for efficient immunity in rat experimental infection is unknown. recently, induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) and nitric oxide (no) have been implicated as an important microbicidal mechanism by which activated macrophages effect cytotoxicity against microbes. in this report, we investigated the expression of inos in rat pulmonar ... | 1996 | 8644868 |
| immunohistochemical localization of capsular polysaccharide antigen in the central nervous system cells in cryptococcal meningoencephalitis. | cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (cme) is caused by the encapsulated fungus cryptococcus neoformans (cn) and is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with aids. the polysaccharide capsule of cn is important for virulence, and soluble polysaccharide has the potential to cause immune modulation. to better understand the interactions of central nervous system cells and cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide (cnps) in the pathogenesis of human cme, postmortem brain tissue from 21 patien ... | 1996 | 8644867 |
| relationship between structure and biological activity of novel r106 analogs. | the retro-aldol reaction at residue 8 of r106-1 produced a chemical handle, in the form of a sarcosine residue, that was amenable to classical aldol alkylation conditions. in vitro assay of several new hydroxylated analogs have shown that l isomers exhibit more potent antifungal activity than d isomers. however, all analogs exhibited a significant decrease in activity against cryptococcus neoformans. by contrast, structural modifications of r 106 were tolerated by some candida spp., but the pote ... | 1996 | 8642003 |
| ym-47522, a novel antifungal antibiotic produced by bacillus sp. i. taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and biological properties. | ym-47522, a novel antibiotic, was isolated from the culture broth of bacillus sp. yl-03709b. the antibiotic was purified by centrifugal partition chromatography and ods column chromatography. it exhibited potent in vitro antifungal activity especially against rhodotorula acuta and pichia angusta (mic: 0.05 and 0.75 microgram/ml, respectively). it also showed moderate or weak antifungal activity against candida albicans and cryptococcus neoformans (mic: 25 and 6.25 micrograms/ml, respectively), w ... | 1996 | 8641995 |
| effects of interleukin-10 on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell responses to cryptococcus neoformans, candida albicans, and lipopolysaccharide. | deactivation of mononuclear phagocytes is critical to limit the inflammatory response but can be detrimental in the face of progressive infection. we compared the effects of the deactivating cytokine interleukin 10 (il-10) on human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (pbmc) responses to lipopolysaccharide (lps), cryptococcus neoformans, and candida albicans. il-10 effected dose-dependent inhibition of tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf-alpha) release in pbmc stimulated by lps and c. neoformans, with ... | 1996 | 8641805 |
| pseudomeningitis again. association with cytocentrifuge funnel and gram-stain reagent contamination. | to report an "epidemic" of pseudomeningitis related to cytocentrifuge funnel and gram-stain reagent contamination, and our evaluation and responses. | 1996 | 8639048 |
| atypical cytomorphologic appearance of cryptococcus neoformans: a report of five cases. | cryptococcus neoformans is not generally recognized as producing pseudohyphae. although atypical morphologic forms have been described in the microbiology literature, we believe this is the first complete cytologic report describing this uncommon and unusual cytologic appearance of cryptococcal infection. | 1996 | 8629428 |
| relationship between cytomegalovirus cells and survival in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients. | to determine whether cytopathic changes due to cytomegalovirus (cmv) in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients are prognostic. | 1996 | 8629399 |
| j774 murine macrophage-like cell interactions with cryptococcus neoformans in the presence and absence of opsonins. | the interaction of cryptococcus neoformans with the murine macrophage-like cell line j774.16 was studied in the presence and absence of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to the capsular polysaccharide glucuronoxylomannan (gxm). in the absence of mab 2h1 to gxm, coincubation of j774.16 cells with c. neoformans reduced fungal colony-forming units in only 26.6% of 21 independent experiments. in the presence of mab 2h1, coincubation of j774.16 cells with c. neoformans reduced fungal colony-forming units ... | 1996 | 8627076 |
| treatment of experimental cryptococcal meningitis with fluconazole: impact of dose and addition of flucytosine on mycologic and pathophysiologic outcome. | fluconazole is effective in the therapy of cryptococcal meningitis in patients with aids. the optimal dosage of fluconazole and the impact of combination with flucytosine are not known. in this study, rabbits with experimental cryptococcal meningitis were given fluconazole at low, intermediate, or high dose or in combination with a low or intermediate dose of flucytosine. serial cerebrospinal fluid (csf) examinations showed that all three doses of fluconazole and low-dose fluconazole in combinat ... | 1996 | 8627075 |
| identification by random amplification of polymorphic dna of a common molecular type of cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans in patients with aids or other immunosuppressive conditions. | sixty clinical isolates of cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans were analyzed by random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd) using 12- to 22-mer primers in pairs. five major profiles, which clearly distinguished between serotypes a (profiles i-iii), ad (profile iv), and d (profile v), were identified. forty-two of 58 serotype a isolates were assigned to profile i, 13 to profile ii, and 3 to profile iii. profile i compromised 5 subtypes (profiles ia-ie), with 37 to 42 isolates in profile ia ... | 1996 | 8627047 |
| il-12 protects mice against pulmonary and disseminated infection caused by cryptococcus neoformans. | we examined the role of il-12 in host resistance to cryptococcus neoformans using a murine model of pulmonary and disseminated infection. in this model, mice were infected intratracheally with viable yeast cells. mice untreated with il-12 allowed an uncontrolled multiplication of yeast cells in the lung with infiltrations of few inflammatory cells, and a cryptococcal dissemination to the brain and meningitis by 3 weeks, resulting in death of all animals within 4-6 weeks. il-12, when administered ... | 1996 | 8625510 |
| oxidative killing of cryptococcus neoformans by human neutrophils. evidence that fungal mannitol protects by scavenging reactive oxygen intermediates. | polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmn) kill cryptococcus neoformans (cn) by oxidative mechanisms, but the roles of various reactive oxygen intermediates (rois) are not known. we used a mannitol low-producing cn mutant (cn mlp) and its wild-type parent (cn h99) to examine the role of rois distal to h2o2 in pmn killing and to determine whether mannitol produced by cn protects the fungus against rois. at pmn:cn cell ratios of 1:1, 10:1, and 100:1, pmn killed significantly more cn mlp than cn h99 cells ... | 1996 | 8621921 |
| urokinase is required for the pulmonary inflammatory response to cryptococcus neoformans. a murine transgenic model. | urokinase (upa) is hypothesized to provide proteolytic activity enabling inflammatory cells to traverse tissues during recruitment, and it is implicated as a cytokine modulator. definitive evaluation of these hypotheses in vivo has previously been impossible because upa could not completely and irreversibly be eliminated. this limitation has been overcome through the development of upa-deficient transgenic mice (upa-/-). using these mice, we evaluated the importance of upa in the pulmonary infla ... | 1996 | 8621764 |
| gamma interferon gene expression and release in human lymphocytes directly activated by cryptococcus neoformans and candida albicans. | previous studies in our laboratory and others have demonstrated that t and/or nk cells can directly bind to and inhibit the growth of the medically important fungal pathogens cryptococcus neoformans and candida albicans by apparently non-major histocompatibility complex-restricted mechanisms. here, we examined whether this direct interaction between lymphocytes and fungi also results in cytokine gene expression and release. nonadherent lymphocytes (nal), isolated from human peripheral blood mono ... | 1996 | 8613366 |
| cryptococcal polysaccharides induce l-selectin shedding and tumor necrosis factor receptor loss from the surface of human neutrophils. | high titers of cryptococcal polysaccharides in the serum and spinal fluid and the lack of cellular infiltrates in the infected tissues are hallmarks of disseminated cryptococcosis. cryptococcal polysaccharides given intravenously to mice inhibit the influx of leukocytes into sites injected with inflammatory mediators. the purpose of this investigation was to determine if cryptococcal polysaccharides, i.e., glucuronoxylomannan (gxm), galactoxylomannan, and mannoprotein, affect expression of molec ... | 1996 | 8609224 |
| enhancing effect of oxygen radical scavengers on murine macrophage anticryptococcal activity through production of nitric oxide. | we examined the roles of reactive nitrogen intermediates (rni) and reactive oxygen intermediates (roi) in interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma)-induced cryptococcostatic activity of murine peritoneal macrophages using n(g)-monomethyl-l-arginine (l-nmma), a competitive inhibitor of rni synthesis, and superoxide dismutase (sod) and catalase, oxygen radical scavengers. ifn-gamma-activated macrophages produced nitric oxide (no) in a dose-dependent manner, as measured by increased nitrite concentration in the ... | 1996 | 8608643 |
| reduced recovery of a cryptococcus neoformans adherence mutant from a rat model of cryptococcosis. | stable mutants of cryptococcus neoformans (strain csf-1) induced by treatment with ultraviolet light and nitrosoguanidine were isolated that demonstrated reduced adherence to glial cells in culture. adherence of the mutants, as measured by a radiometric assay, was reduced by 50-70% of that attained for the parent csf-1 strain. the adherence mutants appeared to be phenotypically similar to the csf-1 strain. however, all but one mutant (designated as csf-23) demonstrated slightly slower growth rat ... | 1995 | 8590419 |
| cryptococcal infection of the breast. | deep fungal infections of the breast have been reported infrequently. these infections are usually discovered during an evaluation of a breast mass for neoplasia. we report a case of cryptococcal infection of the breast that presented as a mass lesion and was successfully treated with a combination of surgical excision and fluconazole and summarize eight additional cases from the literature. because of the risk of disseminated and recurrent cryptococcal infection after surgical treatment alone, ... | 1995 | 8589137 |
| l3t4(cd4)-, lyt-2(cd8)- and mac-1(cd11b)-phenotypic leukocytes in murine cryptococcal meningoencephalitis. | an immunohistological study of l3t4(cd4)+ and lyt-2(cd8)+ lymphocytes, mac-1(cd11b)+ monocytes and granulocytes in experimental murine cryptococcal meningoencephalitis was conducted. to assess the concomitant inflammatory reaction in an extracerebral site, livers were examined in parallel. mice were infected i.v. with cryptococcus neoformans, group a/d, and organs were examined immunohistologically for cd4-, cd8- and monocyte- and granulocyte-specific cd11b-phenotypic leukocytes over a period of ... | 1995 | 8587582 |
| random amplified polymorphic dna analysis of clinically and environmentally isolated cryptococcus neoformans in nagasaki. | we examined clinical (pulmonary cryptococcosis and cryptococcal meningitis) and environmental (pigeon excreta) isolates of cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans (serotype a) in the southern japanese prefecture of nagasaki. the random amplified polymorphic dna profiles obtained by using three primers revealed six patterns among 21 clinical isolates and three patterns among 8 environmental isolates. pattern i was the most common (18 of 29 isolates) and was found among isolates obtained throughou ... | 1995 | 8586730 |
| pcr and single-strand conformational polymorphism for recognition of medically important opportunistic fungi. | the application of pcr technology to molecular diagnostics holds great promise for the early identification of medically important pathogens. pcr has been shown to be useful for the detection of the presence of fungal dna in both laboratory and clinical samples. considerable interest has been focused on the utility of selecting universal primers, those that recognize constant regions among most, if not all, medically important fungi. once an amplicon, or piece of amplified dna determined by the ... | 1995 | 8586705 |
| aspergillus culture filtrates and sputum sols from patients with pulmonary aspergillosis cause damage to human respiratory ciliated epithelium in vitro. | aspergillus species frequently colonize lower respiratory tracts and lungs with localized underlying conditions (healed tuberculous cavity, cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, etc.) even in subjects without systemic predisposing factors. we investigated the in vitro effects of culture filtrates of aspergillus species and sputum sols from patients with pulmonary aspergillosis on ciliary beat frequency (cbf) and epithelial integrity of human respiratory ciliated epithelium. culture filtrates of 25 cl ... | 1995 | 8586122 |
| different components in human serum inhibit multiplication of cryptococcus neoformans and enhance fluconazole activity. | the inhibitory effect of human serum on the multiplication of cryptococcus neoformans and the interaction with fluconazole were studied. compared with cryptococcal multiplication in rpmi 1640 medium alone, 5% human serum in medium inhibited multiplication by 76% +/- 6% (n = 8). the inhibitory effect of human serum was donor independent, [corrected] heat stable (56 degrees c, 30 min), and not due to albumin or globulin. bovine and murine sera were not inhibitory at that concentration. a fungistat ... | 1995 | 8585731 |
| in vitro determination of optimal antifungal combinations against cryptococcus neoformans and candida albicans. | there is currently no rapid, reliable, and reproducible in vitro technique to describe the growth-inhibitory interactions of antifungal drug combinations over a wide range of drug concentrations. we have developed a microdilution plate assay that was used to determine optimal drug combinations and concentrations of one-, two-, and three-drug regimens of amphotericin b (amphb), fluconazole (flu), and 5-fluorocytosine (5fc) for growth inhibition of three isolates each of cryptococcus neoformans an ... | 1995 | 8585726 |
| polymerase chain reaction fingerprinting in fungi using single primers specific to minisatellites and simple repetitive dna sequences: strain variation in cryptococcus neoformans. | minisatellites and simple repetitive dna sequence motifs are used as conventional oligonucleotide probes in dna-hybridization-based fingerprinting. the same oligonucleotides can be used as single primers in the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to generate individual pcr fingerprints. in this study, the simple repetitive sequences, (ca)8, (ct)8, (cac)5, (gtg)5, (gaca)4 and (gata)4, and a minisatellite core sequence derived from the wild-type phage m13 (5' gagggtggcggttct 3') were used as specific, ... | 1995 | 8582350 |
| the cryptococcus neoformans gal7 gene and its use as an inducible promoter. | a cryptococcus neoformans galactose auxotroph was created by ultraviolet light mutagenesis and complemented with a c. neoformans genomic library. the translated sequence of the complementing dna revealed a high degree of similarity to a number of udp glucose-d-galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferases. expression of c. neoformans gal7 mrna followed a pattern similar to saccharomyces cerevisiae expression; it was first observed within 2.5 min of induction and fully induced by 30 min. the gene wa ... | 1995 | 8577246 |
| [the clinical picture of mycotic complications in hiv-infected patients]. | mycotic complications were registered in 21 out of 37 hiv-infected subjects. oropharyngeal candidiasis was most common. it occurred prior to or concurrently with esophageal and skin candidiasis, fungemia, meningoencephalitis and disseminated lesions. with immunodeficiency progression, the prevalence and severity of mycosis go up. the causing fungi vary in great range: candida albicans, candida krusei. candida tropicalis, candida pseudotropicalis, candida parapsilosis. cryptococcus neoformans, rh ... | 1995 | 8577107 |
| assessment of difco esp 384 blood culture system by terminal subcultures: failure to detect cryptococcus neoformans in clinical specimens. | terminal subcultures were performed on 1,162 5-day negative blood culture sets which had been monitored by the difco esp 384, a continuous-monitor blood culture system. of these, 16 (1.4%) had growth upon terminal subculture. the isolates not detected by the difco esp 384 were cryptococcus neoformans (eight isolates), candida albicans (one isolate), staphylococcus aureus (two isolates) coagulase-negative staphylococcus (three isolates), bacillus sp. (one isolate), and corynebacterium sp. (one is ... | 1995 | 8576368 |
| molecular probes for diagnosis of fungal infections. | we have developed 21 specific nucleic acid probes which target the large subunit rrna genes from aspergillus flavus, aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus glaucus, aspergillus niger, aspergillus terreus, blastomyces dermatitidis, candida albicans, candida (torulopsis) glabrata, candida guilliermondii, candida kefyr, candida krusei, candida lusitaniae, candida parapsilosis, candida tropicalis, coccidioides immitis, cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii, cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans, filobas ... | 1995 | 8576345 |
| genetic relatedness of cryptococcus neoformans clinical isolates grouped with the repetitive dna probe cnre-1. | cryptococcus neoformans isolates from eight patients with cryptococcal infection were previously assigned into three groups on the basis of repetitive dna probe (cnre-1) restriction fragment length polymorphisms. these groups accounted for a disproportionate number of recent clinical isolates in new york city. to further examine the genetic relatedness of isolates within and across cnre-1 groups, the dna sequence of the 779-base ura5 gene from each strain was amplified and sequenced. the number ... | 1995 | 8576325 |
| quantitative analysis of phagocytosis and killing of cryptococcus neoformans by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by flow cytometry. | monocytes may represent an important defense mechanism in disseminated cryptococcosis. we have developed a flow cytometric method to study the interaction of cryptococcus neoformans with monocytes. for phagocytosis, c. neoformans was labelled with fluorescein isothiocynate (fitc). monocytes were identified on the flow cytometer by labelling with anti-cd14-r-phycoerythrin. discrimination between attached cells (association) and internalized cells (uptake) was made by quenching fitc-labelled c. ne ... | 1995 | 8574842 |
| fungaemia in hospitalized patients. | at various clinics of irccs s. matteo hospital, pavia, italy, 269 blood cultures recovered from immunocompromised patients over 4 years have been examined mycologically. of the 269 cultures, 101 were from hiv-infected patients and five were from cardiac transplant recipients. of the total examined 96 blood cultures were positive (36%). the most frequent genus was candida: c. albicans (48%), c. tropicalis and c. parapsilosis (8% each), c. glabrata and c. guillermondii (3% each). cryptococcus neof ... | 1995 | 8569814 |
| comparison of six different pcr methods for detection of pneumocystis carinii. | we have recently developed a nested pcr method which amplifies internal transcribed spacers (its) of the ribosomal rna genes of pneumocystis carinii. to determine whether this pcr method can be used to diagnose p. carinii infections, we examined 30 bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) specimens that were shown microscopically to contain p. carinii organisms by the p. carinii its pcr (pc-its-pcr) and five other pcr methods that have been described for detecting p. carinii in clinical specimens. the targe ... | 1995 | 8567928 |
| comparative evaluation of macrodilution and alamar colorimetric microdilution broth methods for antifungal susceptibility testing of yeast isolates. | a comparative evaluation of the macrodilution method and the alamar colorimetric method for the susceptibility testing of amphotericin b, fluconazole, and flucytosine was conducted with 134 pathogenic yeasts. the clinical isolates included 28 candida albicans, 17 candida tropicalis, 15 candida parapsilosis, 12 candida krusei, 10 candida lusitaniae, 9 candida guilliermondii, 18 torulopsis glabrata, and 25 cryptococcus neoformans isolates. the macrodilution method was performed and interpreted acc ... | 1995 | 8567901 |
| further analysis of the cap59 locus of cryptococcus neoformans: structure defined by forced expression and description of a new ribosomal protein-encoding gene. | cryptococcus neoformans (cn) produces an extracellular polysaccharide capsule that is an essential factor for virulence. we previously isolated a gene, cap59, which is necessary for capsule formation. to dissect the functional region of cap59, we placed it under control of the cn gal7 promoter (pgal7). among the several pgal7::cap59 fusion constructs, only the one containing the entire open reading frame of cap59 was able to complement the acapsular phenotype under galactose induction. a missens ... | 1995 | 8566774 |
| cryptococcal meningitis. | fungal meningitis caused by the yeast cryptococcus neoformans is most commonly seen in patients with defective t-lymphocyte function. this article focuses on the clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of patients with cryptococcal meningitis, in the setting of aids and other immunocompromised hosts, and in 'normal' individuals. | 1995 | 8564179 |
| cryptococcus neoformans survive and replicate in human microglia. | cryptococcus neoformans (cn) is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause fatal meningoencephalitis in patients with immune deficiency. among the central nervous system (cns) cells that are infected by cn are perivascular microglia and macrophages. little is known about the interaction of cn and cns phagocytes at the cellular level. | 1995 | 8558850 |
| resistance to cryptococcus neoformans is associated with an inflammatory response to toxoplasma gondii in the central nervous system of mice. | we have studied the resistance of toxoplasma gondii-infected mice to subsequent infection with cryptococcus neoformans. mice infected with the moderately virulent me49 strain of t. gondii are resistant to proliferation of yeast cells in their brains after intravenous inoculation of the serotype a c. neoformans strain 184. the resistance serves to limit proliferation of yeast cells that colonize the brain. maximal levels of resistance correlate not with maximal systemic specific anti-toxoplasma r ... | 1996 | 8557377 |
| prevalence in cryptococcus neoformans strains of a polysaccharide epitope which can elicit protective antibodies. | monoclonal antibody (mab) 2h1 binds to an epitope in the capsule of cryptococcus neoformans that can elicit protective antibodies. the binding of mab 2h1 to c. neoformans strains was studied by agglutination, immunofluorescence, and phagocytosis assays. the mab 2h1 epitope was present in all 21 isolates studied, including those recovered from patients with recurrent infections. | 1994 | 8556529 |
| polyethylene sulfonate: a tight-binding inhibitor of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase of cryptococcus neoformans. | polyethylene sulfonate (pes) or polyvinyl sulfonate was found to be a potent inhibitor of a number of fungal enzymes, including 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from cryptococcus neoformans. the inhibition was apparently competitive versus either nadp or 6-phosphogluconate, with 50% inhibition at pes concentrations below 10 nm. replots of slopes of double-reciprocal plots versus inhibitor concentration were sharply concave upward, whereas replots of slope versus [pes]3 were linear. the inhibitio ... | 1995 | 8554324 |
| cryptococcal meningitis and confusional psychosis. a case report and literature review. | a previously healthy and immuno-competent 22-year-old man presented in confusional psychosis. cryptococcal meningitis was later found to be the underlying cause as proven by culturing cryptococcus neoformans serotype a from the cerebrospinal fluid. combined antifungal therapy with amphotericin b and 5-fluorocytosine resulted in sustained improvement of all mental and physical functions. cryptococcosis has rarely been reported from the middle east. this represents the second case from kuwait. | 1995 | 8553450 |
| [hematologic changes associated with infection of mice by cryptococcus neoformans]. | the pathogenicity of the l, p and e strains of c. neoformans was studied in 3-5 weeks old cd1 male mice. cell suspensions containing the most (l), and the least (e) pathogenic strains were inoculated intracerebrally (ic), and intraperitoneally (ip). after 14 days total and differential counts were made for erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets, yeasts from infected organs were recovered in sabouraud dextrose agar (sda). the capsular material from c. neoformans was used to stimulate in vivo and ... | 1995 | 8552873 |
| improved detection of medically important fungi by immunoperoxidase staining with polyclonal antibodies. | this study was performed to identify pathological fungi of eight species [aspergillus fumigatus, candida albicans, torulopsis (candida) glabrata, cryptococcus neoformans, fusarium anthophilum, rhizopus oryzae, sporothrix schenckii and trichosporon beigelii] in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections by indirect immunoperoxidase staining. mature albino rabbits were immunized with formalin-killed organisms. antibodies were prepared by precipitation. immunoperoxidase staining was applied ... | 1995 | 8548126 |
| prospects for preventing cryptococcosis in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | cryptococcosis is a major cause of illness and death among persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). its management must include both initial and maintenance treatment. although most authorities favor an initial period of therapy with amphotericin b for acute cryptococcosis, the triazoles play a role in both the management of acute disease and subsequent maintenance therapy. aids surveillance data collected by the centers for disease control and prevention document the occurrence ... | 1995 | 8547496 |
| rapid detection and identification of pathogenic fungi by polymerase chain reaction amplification of large subunit ribosomal dna. | we describe a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) based approach to the detection and identification of pathogenic fungi which has potential for the diagnosis of systemic mycoses. primers to sequences of the large subunit ribosomal dna genes, which are universally conserved within the fungal kingdom, were capable of amplifying dna from 43 strains representing 20 species (12 genera) of medically important fungi. sequence analysis of the products obtained from aspergillus fumigatus, candida albicans a ... | 1995 | 8544085 |
| cryptococcosis in a north island brown kiwi (apteryx australis mantelli) in new zealand. | a case of disseminated cryptococcosis in a north island kiwi (apteryx australis mantelli) caused by cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii (serotype b) is reported. this is the first case of cryptococcosis to be reported in a kiwi and is also the first isolation of c. neoformans var. gattii from a veterinary source in new zealand. the kiwi is an example of a ratite bird and as such has a lower body temperature approximating that of a mammal. as a consequence, the kiwi and other ratitis (e.g. emus) ... | 1995 | 8544083 |
| cryptococcosis in dogs: a retrospective study of 20 consecutive cases. | the clinical and mycological findings in 20 consecutive cases of cryptococcosis evaluated between 1981 and 1995 were analysed retrospectively. typically, young adult dogs (median age 2 years) of either sex were affected. dobermann pinschers and great danes were significantly over-represented in relation to other breeds and crossbred dogs, and there was no trend for cryptococcosis to be acquired at a particular time of year. cryptococcus neoformans was cultured from 18 dogs, with 16 isolates furt ... | 1995 | 8544081 |
| structure of the o-deacetylated glucuronoxylomannan from cryptococcus neoformans serotype c as determined by 2d 1h nmr spectroscopy. | the primary structure of the o-deacetylated capsular glucuronoxylomannan (gxm) isolated from cryptococcus neoformans serotype c was investigated by 2d nmr spectroscopy. assignment of the 1h nmr chemical shifts for the polysaccharide was accomplished from the analysis of dqf-cosy, tocsy, noesy and/or roesy spectra of three isolates (298, 34, and 401). these isolates contain the same polysaccharide glycosyl residues but in different proportions. the serotype c gxm consists of two repeating polysac ... | 1995 | 8542606 |
| sterol compositions and susceptibilities to amphotericin b of environmental cryptococcus neoformans isolates are changed by murine passage. | previous studies have shown that sequential isolates from patients with persistent cryptococcus neoformans meningoencephalitis can vary in sterol composition and susceptibility to antifungal drugs. to investigate the potential of host factors as mediators of this phenomenon, we compared fungal susceptibilities of environmental and clinical isolates from a limited geographic area. clinical isolates were less susceptible to amphotericin b than environmental isolates. five environmental isolates we ... | 1995 | 8540694 |
| fluconazole for primary prophylaxis of aids-associated cryptococcosis: a case-control study. | in order to verify whether fluconazole has a prophylactive effect against the occurrence of cryptococcosis in hiv-infected patients and to identify other factors capable of increasing or reducing the risk of this infection, we arranged a case-control study of 17 patients with cryptococcal infection. 34 controls were selected, matched by presence of an aids-defining event, cd4 cell count, and date of t-cell phenotyping. no significant difference in exposure to fluconazole, in total days of treatm ... | 1995 | 8539547 |
| effects of three azole derivatives on the lipids of different strains of cryptococcus neoformans. | the comparative effects of ketoconazole, itraconazole and fluconazole on the lipids of four cryptococcus neoformans strains were investigated. quantitative analysis of lipids and sterols was completed, as well as qualitative analysis of sterols by thin-layer chromatography and by the ultraviolet spectrum. growth of the cryptococcal isolates in the presence of the azoles derivatives concentrations below the minimum inhibitory concentration resulted in significant alterations in the lipid and ster ... | 1995 | 8531929 |
| influence of free or liposomal amphotericin b on killing of candida species by human peritoneal macrophages. | the influence of free and liposomal amphotericin b at subinhibitory and inhibitory concentrations on killing of candida albicans (atcc 10231), candida tropicalis (atcc 13803) and cryptococcus neoformans (930) by human peritoneal macrophages was investigated in vitro. peritoneal macrophages were harvested from overnight peritoneal dialysate of 10 patients undergoing regular continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and incubated with candida species (1:2), pooled human serum, fetal calf serum, me ... | 1995 | 8531506 |
| the actin gene from cryptococcus neoformans: structure and phylogenetic analysis. | using heterologous probing of a genomic library, we have cloned and sequenced the actin gene from the pathogenic yeast cryptococcus neoformans. the actin gene is 1371 bp in length, and exists as a single copy, as is the case for all fungi studied to date. the locations of the introns in the c. neoformans actin gene are unique among all other known actin genes, and the deduced coding sequence results in a 375 amino acid chain with very high homology to other actins. a phylogenetic tree comprising ... | 1995 | 8531025 |
| superoxide dismutase of cryptococcus neoformans: purification and characterization. | we have purified to homogeneity a putative superoxide dismutase of 19.5 kda from the pathogenic yeast cryptococcus neoformans by homogenization, isoelectric focusing and gel filtration. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of this protein indicates a significant sequence homology with known manganese-containing superoxide dismutases (mn-sods) from various organisms. in addition, the presence of superoxide dismutase activity was confirmed using specific substrate gels which detect this enzyme when ... | 1995 | 8531024 |
| the 5s rrna and the rrna intergenic spacer of the two varieties of cryptococcus neoformans. | the intergenic spacers (igs) separating the 23s-like and 16s-like rdnas of the two varieties of the human pathogenic fungus cryptococcus neoformans were amplified, cloned and sequenced. the c. neoformans var. neoformans igs was 2421 nt with 5s rrna at positions 1228-1345 3' of the 23s-like rrna. the c. neoformans var. gattii igs was 2480 nt with 5s rrna at positions 1268-1385 3' of the 23s-like rrna. for both varieties the 5s rdna genes were in the same orientation as the 16s-5.8-23s genes and e ... | 1995 | 8531018 |
| (1-->3)-beta-d-glucan in culture fluid of fungi activates factor g, a limulus coagulation factor. | two well-known polysaccharides, (1-->3)-beta-d-glucan and mannan, are major structural components of the fungus cell wall. the g test is a direct method to measure (1-->3)-beta-d-glucan using a (1-->3)-beta-d-glucan-sensitive component, factor g, fractionated from the limulus lysate. the concentration of (1-->3)-beta-d-glucan in culture supernatants of candida albicans increased to 1,390.0 pg/ml at 24 hours. the concentration of mannan also increased parallel with fungal growth. however, after d ... | 1995 | 8531015 |
| virulence factors of cryptococcus neoformans. | cryptococcosis is a serious fungal disease in patients with aids or other defects in t-cell-mediated host defenses. cryptococcus neoformans produces several virulence factors, most notably the polysaccharide capsule and phenol oxidase. molecular studies of cryptococcal virulence factors have contributed to our understanding of the pathobiology of this yeast, and will enable the identification of new targets for antifungal therapy. | 1995 | 8528612 |
| pulmonary cryptococcosis: localized and disseminated infections in 27 patients with aids. | we reviewed the records of 85 patients infected with both human immunodeficiency virus and cryptococcus neoformans. twenty-seven patients (32%) had pulmonary cryptococcosis. c. neoformans was cultured from bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) or pleural fluid in 25 cases; the remaining two patients had cryptococcal antigen (ca) detected in bal fluid and c. neoformans cultured from other sites. all but one of the 27 patients had detectable ca in serum. the cd4+ lymphocyte count was low in all cases (medi ... | 1995 | 8527555 |
| opportunistic infections of the central nervous system in children with hiv infection: report of 9 autopsy cases and review of literature. | central nervous system (cns) abnormalities attributed to direct effects of hiv infection are seen in most of children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). secondary cns infections with opportunistic and common pathogens are infrequent in this age group. we report 9 cases of opportunistic infection of the cns found among 65 autopsy cases of pediatric aids. these included 4 cases of cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection, 1 of which was associated with aspergillosis, and 2 cases of candidiasis ... | 1995 | 8521620 |
| purification, characterization, and lytic activity against naegleria fowleri of two amoebicins produced by bacillus licheniformis a12. | bacillus licheniformis a12 produces two amoebolytic substances (amoebicins a12-a and a12-b) in liquid media during sporulation. both substances have been purified and characterized. they are heat- and protease-resistant peptides containing aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine, proline, and tyrosine in a molar ratio of 5:2:2:2:2. no fatty acids or carbohydrates have been detected. their molecular weight is 1,430. purified amoebicins a12-a and a12-b exhibit amoebolytic action against naegleria fow ... | 1993 | 8517742 |
| antimicrobial proteins of murine macrophages. | three murine microbicidal proteins (mumps) were purified from cells of the murine macrophage cell line raw264.7 that had been activated by gamma interferon. similar proteins were also present in nonactivated raw264.7 cells, in cells of the murine macrophage cell line j774a.1, and in resident and activated murine peritoneal macrophages. mump-1, mump-2, and mump-3 killed salmonella typhimurium, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, mycobacterium fortuitum, and cryptococc ... | 1993 | 8514411 |
| effects of strain variation, serotype, and structural modification on kinetics for activation and binding of c3 to cryptococcus neoformans. | incubation of encapsulated cells of cryptococcus neoformans in normal human serum leads to activation of the alternative complement pathway and deposition of opsonic fragments of c3 into the capsule. we determined whether the variation in capsular structure that occurs among the four major cryptococcal serotypes was reflected in the kinetics for activation and binding of c3. we also examined the effects on activation kinetics of de-o-acetylation or periodate oxidation of the capsule. binding kin ... | 1993 | 8514401 |
| characterization of cellular infiltrates and cytokine production during the expression phase of the anticryptococcal delayed-type hypersensitivity response. | cryptococcosis, an increasingly important opportunistic infection caused by the encapsulated yeast-like organism cryptococcus neoformans, is limited by an anticryptococcal cell-mediated immune (cmi) response. gaining a thorough understanding of the complex anticryptococcal cmi response is essential for developing means of controlling infections with c. neoformans. the murine cryptococcosis model utilizing footpad swelling to cryptococcal antigen (delayed-type hypersensitivity [dth]) has proven t ... | 1993 | 8514388 |
| human immunodeficiency virus infection in pregnancy. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in women is an increasing problem. world wide, at least 25% of all infections occur in adolescent or adult women, most of whom are of child-bearing age. the commonest modes of acquisition of hiv infection are sexual contact with an hiv-infected male and sharing needles during injecting drug use. vertical transmission is the major route of hiv infection in infants and children and can occur in utero, intrapartum, through exposure to infected blood or s ... | 1993 | 8513646 |
| meningitis simultaneously due to cryptococcus neoformans and mycobacterium tuberculosis. | 1993 | 8513072 | |
| miliary pulmonary cryptococcosis in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | a 33 year old man with aids presented with fever, dyspnoea, cough and a miliary pattern on the chest radiograph. cryptococcus neoformans infection was diagnosed from bronchoalveolar lavage bronchoscopy. this case supports the principle that, in patients with aids, pulmonary infections can exhibit variable radiographic features and that definitive diagnosis should always be considered. | 1993 | 8511742 |
| cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii in india. | an examination of 18 clinical isolates of cryptococcus neoformans from india revealed that 15 belonged to c. neoformans var. neoformans (serotype a = 13 isolates, serotype ad = two isolates) and three belonged to c. neoformans var. gattii (serotype b). this is the first documented record of the var. gattii and serotype ad of the var. neoformans occurring in india. | 1993 | 8509953 |
| fungal infections in solid-organ transplantation. | fungal infections following solid-organ transplantation remain a major cause of morbidity and death. their incidence ranges from 5% among recipients of kidney transplants to as high as 40% among recipients of liver transplants. species of candida and aspergillus account for more than 80% of fungal episodes. moreover, more than 80% of fungal infections occur within the first 2 months after transplantation, with a resulting mortality of 30%-100%. the pathogenesis of infection and the risk factors ... | 1993 | 8507760 |
| evidence for interference by immune complexes in the serodiagnosis of cryptococcosis. | the latex agglutination test was used to compare cryptococcal antigen titers before and after protease treatment in 19 patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis. antigen was detected by the la test in 13 of 33 serum samples before protease treatment, and in an additional 13 samples following treatment. of 26 antigen-positive serum samples, 22 (84.6%) showed an increased antigen titer after protease treatment. using the cell slide agglutination test, antibody was detected in 3 of 19 cases. in one of ... | 1993 | 8502177 |
| two-site comparison of broth microdilution and semisolid agar dilution methods for susceptibility testing of cryptococcus neoformans in three media. | this study evaluated the inter- and intralaboratory agreement between results of the semisolid agar dilution and broth microdilution methods of antifungal susceptibility testing of cryptococcus neoformans. three media were tested in two laboratories. the drugs tested were amphotericin b, flucytosine, itraconazole, fluconazole, and schering 39304. analysis by kappa statistics revealed good agreement between the laboratories for the two methods. the highest level of inter- and intralaboratory agre ... | 1993 | 8501245 |
| sesquiterpene-derived metabolites from the deep water marine sponge poecillastra sollasi. | six sesquiterpene-derived compounds, 1-6, which we call sollasins a-f, have been isolated from a deep water specimen of the sponge poecillastra sollasi. the structures were elucidated by comparison of spectral data to related metabolites and confirmed using spectroscopic methods. the compounds inhibit the growth of the pathogenic fungi candida albicans and cryptococcus neoformans and the p-388 and a-549 tumor cell lines. compounds 3 and 4 show weak inhibition of binding of [125i] angiotensin ii ... | 1993 | 8496702 |
| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome presenting as marrow cryptococcosis. | disseminated cryptococcal infection is an uncommon initial manifestation in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. the most common sites of involvement by cryptococci are the central nervous system and the lungs, and involvement of the marrow is rare. there are few descriptions in the literature on the cytologic findings of marrow cryptococcosis. we report a patient with disseminated cryptococcosis in which cytologic examination of the marrow provides the first clue to the diagnos ... | 1993 | 8493992 |
| acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-like illness associated with systemic mycoplasma fermentans infection in a human immunodeficiency virus-negative homosexual man. | a 35-year-old homosexual man developed a composite nodal kaposi's sarcoma and peripheral t-cell lymphoma that were associated with a peripheral blood cd4-positive lymphocyte count of only 43/mm3. the patient subsequently developed pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis and eventually died due to disseminated cryptococcus neoformans. numerous premortem tests for the presence of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) types 1 and 2 were negative by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blot, viral i ... | 1993 | 8491493 |
| cryptococcosis produced by a urease negative strain of cryptococcus neoformans. | a urease negative strain of cryptococcus neoformans was isolated form a patient with aids. the identification of the yeast was confirmed by physiological and pathogenicity tests. clinically, the disseminated cryptococcal infection in our patient was identical to those reported in other patients with aids. | 1993 | 8483060 |
| conditions affecting the adherence of cryptococcus neoformans to rat glial and lung cells in vitro. | conditions affecting the adherence of clinical isolates of cryptococcus neoformans to rat glial and lung cell cultures were studied. adherence to glial cells was a time-dependent process that was affected by the yeast culture age and growth temperature. the most adherent yeasts were those from 48 h cultures grown at 37 degrees c. formalin-treating the yeasts did not affect adherence but formalin-treating the glial monolayers prevented yeast binding. treating the yeasts with trypsin reduced adher ... | 1993 | 8483058 |
| pleural effusions in hospitalized patients with aids. | to determine the incidence, cause, and characteristics of pleural effusions in hospitalized patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). | 1993 | 8480960 |
| antibody-mediated protection in mice with lethal intracerebral cryptococcus neoformans infection. | the fungus cryptococcus neoformans is an important opportunistic pathogen for patients with aids. c. neoformans infections frequently involve the brain and are often fatal. in the setting of aids c. neoformans infections are incurable and new treatment strategies are urgently needed. passive administration of antibody is a potential therapeutic option for the prevention and treatment of c. neoformans. the igg1 murine monoclonal antibody 2h1 to the capsular polysaccharide of c. neoformans was stu ... | 1993 | 8475112 |
| ultrastructural study of cryptococcus neoformans by quick-freezing and deep-etching method. | the three-dimensional ultrastructure of cryptococcus neoformans was studied by quick-freezing and deep-etching (qf-de) method. c. neoformans, strain cdc551, was cultured on agar. the viable yeast cells (10(7) cells) were inoculated into each mouse from the tail vein. three weeks after the inoculation, the brains of the mice were perfused with fixatives, quickly frozen, freeze-fractured, deeply etched and rotary shadowed with platinum and carbon. in addition, the viable cells of c. neoformans on ... | 1993 | 8474529 |
| direct interactions of human lymphocytes with the yeast-like organism, cryptococcus neoformans. | lymphocytes, especially cd4+ t cells, are essential for clearance of the yeast-like organism cryptococcus neoformans from the infected host. the mechanism(s) by which the lymphocytes facilitate elimination of cryptococci has not been elucidated. it is generally thought, however, that lymphocytes reactive with c. neoformans indirectly function by production of lymphokines to enhance clearance of the organism by natural effector cells such as macrophages. in the present study, we assessed the abil ... | 1993 | 8473499 |
| cloning, expression, and characterization of cryptococcus neoformans dihydrofolate reductase. | the cryptococcus neoformans dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) gene has been isolated from cdna and genomic dna libraries. the 690-base pair coding sequence codes for a 25,152-da protein, which is the largest monofunctional dhfr yet reported. the gene contains two introns, and several putative regulatory sequences have been identified. the coding sequence was placed in a puc-based expression vector, which expresses c. neoformans dhfr in escherichia coli at a level of about 5% of the total soluble ex ... | 1993 | 8473332 |
| two cases of hiv-associated cryptococcosis due to the variety gattii in rwanda. | 1993 | 8465398 | |
| evaluation of commercially available acridinium ester-labeled chemiluminescent dna probes for culture identification of blastomyces dermatitidis, coccidioides immitis, cryptococcus neoformans, and histoplasma capsulatum. | four commercially available acridinium ester-labeled dna probes directed against rrna were evaluated for their ability to identify blastomyces dermatitidis, coccidioides immitis, histoplasma capsulatum, and cryptococcus neoformans in culture. rrna was extracted by sonication of 1- to 2-mm2 portions of cultures of fungi in two chaotropic reagents with glass beads. following a heat inactivation step, the extracts were hybridized in solution with probes specific for each pathogen. the acridinium es ... | 1993 | 8463395 |
| thrombin-induced rabbit platelet microbicidal protein is fungicidal in vitro. | platelet microbicidal protein (pmp) is released from platelets in response to thrombin stimulation. pmp is known to possess in vitro bactericidal activity against staphylococcus aureus and viridans group streptococci. to determine whether pmp is active against other intravascular pathogens, we evaluated its potential fungicidal activity against strains of candida species and cryptococcus neoformans. anionic resin adsorption and gel electrophoresis confirmed that the fungicidal activity of pmp re ... | 1993 | 8460923 |
| molecular characterization of the humoral responses to cryptococcus neoformans infection and glucuronoxylomannan-tetanus toxoid conjugate immunization. | the molecular characteristics of the humoral immune response to a serotype a cryptococcus neoformans infection were compared with the response elicited by a cryptococcal glucuronoxylomannan-tetanus toxoid (gxm-tt) conjugate. anticryptococcal monoclonal antibodies (mabs) isolated from both responses have previously been shown to recognize the same antigenic determinant of cryptococcal gxm. southern blot and sequence analyses indicate that the hybridomas isolated from each response arose from only ... | 1993 | 8459205 |
| disseminated mycobacterium flavescens in a probable case of chronic granulomatous disease. | we report the case of a diabetic chinese male with no previous history of recurrent infections. his course was at first notable for relapsing salmonella blockley infections, following which he developed repeated soft-tissue infections and cryptococcus neoformans pneumonia. he was diagnosed as having chronic granulomatous disease and was treated with gamma interferon. during the latter stages of his illness he developed mycobacterium flavescens infection in soft tissues, joints, bones and lung. t ... | 1993 | 8454891 |
| cryptococcal meningitis in papua new guinea: ecology and the role of eucalypts. | 1993 | 8450794 | |
| blastomycosis in transplant recipients: report of a case and review. | fungi cause serious, often fatal infections in immunocompromised hosts. recipients of solid organ and bone marrow transplants are predisposed to invasive fungal infections with candida species, aspergillus species, and cryptococcus neoformans. in contrast, infections with blastomyces dermatitidis have rarely been diagnosed in transplant recipients. we describe a patient who received an orthotopic heart transplant and developed recurrent disseminated blastomycosis. other reported cases of blastom ... | 1993 | 8448319 |
| gene transfer in cryptococcus neoformans by use of biolistic delivery of dna. | a transformation scheme for cryptococcus neoformans to yield high-frequency, integrative events was developed. adenine auxotrophs from a clinical isolate of c. neoformans serotype a were complemented by the cryptococcal phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase gene (ade2) with a biolistic dna delivery system. comparison of two dna delivery systems (electroporation versus a biolistic system) showed notable differences. the biolistic system did not require linear vectors and transformed each auxot ... | 1993 | 8444802 |
| chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils of jasonia candicans and j. montana. | the essential oils of the aerial parts of jasonia candicans and j. montana were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc/ms) technique. of twenty-one components identified in the volatile oil of j. candicans, intermediol was the main constituent. fifty-eight components were characterized in the essential oil of j. montana. camphor, borneol, bornyl acetate, chrysanthemol, intermediol, and 1,8-cineole were the major constituents in this oil. the two oils showed antibacterial activity a ... | 1993 | 8441785 |
| the alpha-mating type locus of cryptococcus neoformans contains a peptide pheromone gene. | the opportunistic fungal pathogen cryptococcus neoformans has two mating types, mata and mat alpha. the mat alpha strains are more virulent. mating of opposite mating type haploid yeast cells results in the production of a filamentous hyphal phase. the mat alpha locus has been isolated in this study in order to identify the genetic differences between mating types and their contribution to virulence. a 138-bp fragment of mat alpha-specific dna which cosegregates with alpha-mating type was isolat ... | 1993 | 8441425 |
| mannosyl transfer in cryptococcus neoformans. | a particulate enzyme preparation from cryptococcus neoformans transferred the mannosyl residue from gdp-mannose to an acceptor consisting of a commercial preparation of methyl 3-o-alpha-mannopyranosyl-alpha-mannopyranoside (containing 10% 2-o-alpha-mannopyranosyl-alpha-mannopyranoside). the configuration of the new bond was alpha by its susceptibility to alpha-mannosidase; the amount of product was dependent on the concentration of enzyme, of gdp-mannose, and of acceptor. the optimal temperature ... | 1993 | 8439868 |
| diagnosis of pulmonary cryptococcosis by ultrasound guided percutaneous aspiration. | ultrasound is useful for locating thoracic lesions and guiding biopsy procedures. the use of sonographic appearances and ultrasound guided needle aspiration has led to the diagnosis of pulmonary cryptococcosis at this hospital. | 1993 | 8434359 |
| evaluation of gen-probe's histoplasma capsulatum and cryptococcus neoformans accuprobes. | gen-probe's dna probes were evaluated for use in the identification of clinical isolates of histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum and cryptococcus neoformans. ninety-five mould-phase fungi were probed, including 41 isolates of h. capsulatum var. capsulatum. similarly, 98 yeasts, including 42 c. neoformans isolates, were examined by using the c. neoformans dna probe. in the study, both probes demonstrated 100% specificity and 100% sensitivity. their use in the clinical laboratory may significant ... | 1993 | 8432829 |