Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| comparative in vitro activity of cefpirome and cefepime, two new cephalosporins. | in in vitro tests the broad-spectrum cephalosporins cefpirome and cefepime were highly active against enterobacteriaceae, although often less so against strains resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanate and ticarcillin-clavulanate, and against most strains of acinetobacter spp. and aeromonas hydrophila. they were also active against pseudomonas aeruginosa, although strains with non-plasmid mediated beta-lactam resistance were sometimes less sensitive. other pseudomonas spp. varied in their sensitivit ... | 1990 | 2226498 |
| overview of experience with ofloxacin in respiratory tract infection. | ofloxacin is highly active against common respiratory pathogens including haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis and has clinically applicable activity against streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa. sputum, lung tissue and bronchial mucosal concentrations of ofloxacin equal or, in most cases significantly exceed the mics of such pathogens. these in vitro attributes are reflected in the results of the worldwide ofloxacin clinical trial program whic ... | 1990 | 2218424 |
| [randomized study of cefatrizine versus cefaclor in conjunctivitis otitis syndrome]. | the association conjunctivitis-otitis is highly suggestive of haemophilus influenzae infection. this conjunctivitis otitis syndrome could be a good model to assess the efficacy of different antibiotic regimen in the treatment of acute otitis media due to hi without tympanocentesis. this prospective randomized trial compared the efficacy of two orally cephalosporins which demonstrate in vitro an activity against hi. this study was conducted from 4.20.1988 to 3.15.1989 and involved 73 children wit ... | 1990 | 2200994 |
| pulmonary host defenses and oropharyngeal pathogens. | the lower respiratory tract is repetitively inoculated with oropharyngeal bacteria and yet pneumonia is an infrequent event. efficient mechanisms of antibacterial defense are present in the respiratory tract that eliminate microbes before their presence or multiplication leads to disease in the majority of instances. resident pulmonary defenses consist of aerodynamic defenses, the mucociliary apparatus, alveolar macrophages, complement, and surfactant. these resident defenses can be augmented by ... | 1990 | 2187343 |
| [the antimicrobial activity of fluoroquinolone agents against pathogenic organisms in respiratory tract infections and its clinical effect]. | the efficacy rate, minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics), and resistance of fluoroquinolone agents against causative organisms in respiratory tract infections from january to march, 1988 were investigated. of 333 pathogenic strains 85% consisted of 5 major causative organisms of respiratory tract infection (haemophilus influenzae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, streptococcus pneumoniae, branhamella catarrhalis, and staphylococcus aureus). in 61 (59 cases) of these 333 strains, including 3 cases of a ... | 1990 | 2176251 |
| the in-vitro activity of piperacillin/tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime and imipenem against multiple resistant gram-negative bacteria. | one hundred and fifty gram-negative bacterial strains including respiratory pathogens, such as haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis, and enterobacteriaceae with known resistance to beta-lactam and other antibiotics were tested in vitro for sensitivity to piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam (ratio 8:1), ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and imipenem. a 16-fold or greater reduction in the mic90 of piperacillin was achieved by the addition of tazobactam, in the respiratory pathogens, thus ... | 1990 | 2164513 |
| in vitro activity of cefonicid compared to other antibiotics against clinical bacterial isolates. | the in vitro activity of cefonicid compared to that of other antibiotics has been evaluated against 401 enterobacteriaceae, 20 h. influenzae, 17 branhamella catarrhalis and 71 staphylococci. cefonicid was always more active than cefazolin, and usually more active than cefamandole and cefuroxime against susceptible gram-negative organisms (e. coli, p. mirabilis, klebsiella, shigella, salmonella, h. influenzae). cefonicid was ineffective against most strains of enterobacter, citrobacter, s. marces ... | 1990 | 2164309 |
| in vitro activity of tosufloxacin (a-60969) and clarithromycin (a-56268, te-031) against resistant haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae and branhamella catarrhalis isolates. | the activity of tosufloxacin (a-60969), a new oral quinolone, and clarithromycin (a-56268, te-031), a new oral macrolide, was compared in vitro to that of other oral quinolones and beta-lactam antimicrobial agents against clinical isolates of ampicillin and/or chloramphenicol resistant haemophilus influenzae, penicillin resistant streptococcus pneumoniae and beta-lactamase producing branhamella catarrhalis. results were compared to those for sensitive isolates. tosufloxacin was the most active c ... | 1990 | 2142647 |
| branhamella catarrhalis peritonitis in two continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients. | two cases of peritonitis caused by branhamella catarrhalis are presented. both occurred in capd patients dialyzed and hospitalized at the same institution, but no common source of infection could be found. branhamella catarrhalis infections can be difficult to treat and cause significant morbidity if not recognized early and treated aggressively with appropriate antibiotics. | 1990 | 2131805 |
| [branhamella catarrhalis respiratory tract infections]. | forty-six hospitalised patients with respiratory tract infections (rti) in whom branhamella catarrhalis had been isolated were evaluated. on average they were 70 years old, there were 39 males and 7 females, 89% of them were smokers. in 85% branhamella catarrhalis caused exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and in 15% the pneumonia. most cases of this infection were detected in december and january. in vitro 78% of strains formed beta lactamasis. all 46 isolations were sensitive to cyprofloxacin, ... | 1990 | 2129309 |
| ear discharge after insertion of transmyringeal tubes. | the peroperative bacteriology and cytology of the middle ear have been studied in 103 ears in 65 children operated on due to longstanding secretory otitis media. within one month postoperatively, 12 ears (12%) showed signs of infection with discharge from the tube. ten out of these 12 ears showed peroperative growth of hemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, pneumococci or staphylococci in the middle ear effusions, a significant difference compared to ears without postoperative discharge ... | 1990 | 2128487 |
| [bronchopulmonary infection due to branhamella catarrhalis in patients with obstructive lung disease]. | during the period from february 1988 to april 1990, 214 sputum samples from copd patients with bronchopulmonary infection were quantitatively cultured. 17 strains were identified as branhamella catarrhalis, being present in 7.9% of all sputum cultures and 11.0% of those positive for a pathogen (quantity = 10(10)/l of isolated organism). half of b. catarrhalis infection was isolated in mixed with other pathogens. haemophilus influenza was the most frequently associated pathogen. the second was h. ... | 1990 | 2128216 |
| in vitro activity of bay v 3522, a new oral cephalosporin tested against haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis. | the in vitro activity of bay v 3522, a new orally absorbed cephalosporin, was assessed against 150 clinical isolates each of haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis. the mic90s for beta-lactamase-positive and -negative strains of h. influenzae were 8 and 2 micrograms/ml, respectively. for beta-lactamase-positive and -negative strains of b. catarrhalis, the bay v 3522 mic90s were 4 and 0.25 micrograms/ml, respectively. in general, bay v 3522 was less active against h. influenzae than a ... | 1990 | 2127558 |
| in-vitro activity of cefodizime against respiratory pathogens. | the in-vitro activity of cefodizime was studied against respiratory pathogens and was compared with the activity of other beta-lactams, ciprofloxacin and erythromycin. cefodizime displayed high activity against haemophilus influenzae (mic90 0.008 mg/l), branhamella catarrhalis and streptococcus pneumoniae (mic90 0.5 mg/l). klebsiella spp. were less susceptible (mic90 2 mg/l). it was concluded that cefodizime should be a useful agent in the therapy of respiratory tract infections. | 1990 | 2127417 |
| comparative in vitro activities of sparfloxacin (ci-978; at-4140) and other antimicrobial agents against staphylococci, enterococci, and respiratory tract pathogens. | the in vitro activity of sparfloxacin (ci-978; at-4140) was compared with those of other antimicrobial agents against isolates of staphylococci, enterococci, and various respiratory tract pathogens. sparfloxacin was the most active drug tested against staphylococci (mic for 90% of the strains tested [mic90], 0.125 micrograms/ml) and enterococci (mic90, 1.0 microgram/ml). it was also active against haemophilus influenzae (mic90, less than or equal to 0.06 microgram/ml), moraxella (branhamella) ca ... | 1990 | 2127351 |
| antimicrobial resistance among respiratory isolates of haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, and streptococcus pneumoniae in the united states. | a national surveillance study was conducted to determine trends in antimicrobial resistance patterns among three common causes of community-acquired respiratory tract infections. fifteen participating u.s. medical centers submitted clinically significant isolates of haemophilus influenzae, moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis, and streptococcus pneumoniae to two central laboratories for testing with a group of 12 antimicrobial agents. the majority of isolates were recovered from adult males great ... | 1990 | 2127342 |
| in-vitro activity of cefpodoxime against pathogens responsible for community-acquired respiratory tract infections. | the in-vitro activity of cefpodoxime, the active compound of the ester prodrug, cefpodoxime proxetil, was compared with that of other antibiotics. the susceptibility of bacterial isolates from patients with respiratory tract infections was determined by an agar dilution method. the mic90s of cefpodozime for ampicillin-sensitive and beta-lactamase-producing strains of haemophilus influenzae were 0.12 and 0.25 mg/l, respectively; the mic90s for ampicillin-resistant non-beta-lactamase-producing str ... | 1990 | 2127267 |
| in vitro activity of bay v 3522, a new oral cephalosporin. | the in vitro activity of bay v 3522 was compared with the activities of cephalexin, cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefixime, and amoxicillin-clavulanate. mics (in micrograms/ml) of bay v 3522 were as follows: staphylococcus spp. (except for oxacillin-resistant strains), 0.13 to 1; streptococcus spp. (except for some viridans group streptococci), less than or equal to 0.015 to 0.25; enterococcus faecalis, 2 to 8; other enterococci, 0.5 to greater than 32; beta-lactamase-negative haemophilus influenzae and ... | 1990 | 2126697 |
| genetic basis of tetracycline resistance in moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis. | two-high-level-tetracycline-resistance moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis strains were shown to carry dna sequences which hybridized with the tet b probe. the determinant appeared to be located in the chromosome and was nontransferable. | 1990 | 2126694 |
| labile type-specific antigen of moraxella catarrhalis. | by using hot acid extract and double-diffusion studies, an antigen isolated from clinical strains of moraxella catarrhalis, designated the c antigen, was studied. the antigen is labile, relatively trypsin insensitive, and either polysaccharide or glycoconjugate in nature. at least two serologically distinct c antigens have been identified. | 1990 | 2126268 |
| respiratory tract carrier rates of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis in adults and children and interpretation of the isolation of m. catarrhalis from sputum. | nonselective media and previously described selective media were used to study the occurrence of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis in sputum samples of good and poor quality and in samples taken from different sites of the upper respiratory tracts of healthy subjects. it was found that in healthy adults the carrier rate was 5.4%, as opposed to 50.8% in children and 26.5% in people older than 60 years. m. catarrhalis was recovered significantly more often from sputum samples of good quality (5% ... | 1990 | 2126266 |
| [branhamella catarrhalis: its respiratory pathogenicity in childhood]. | branhamella catarrhalis is a nasopharyngeal commensal which is being increasingly recognised as a pathogen, causing mainly infective exacerbations of chronic lung disease. it can also originate serious infections, like septicaemia, in patients with chronic predisposing conditions. during the period from 1979 to 1987, 22,501 respiratory tract samples from children were evaluated. ninety nine isolated of branhamella catarrhalis were identified (0.44%). patients' age extended from 12 days to 9 year ... | 1990 | 2125809 |
| [pathogenesis of bacterial respiratory infection and new approach of the treatment]. | causative agents of respiratory infections has been changed because of increase in number of aged people and compromised host and the rapid development of new chemotherapeutic agents. especially branhamella catarrhalis (b. catarrhalis), which is very unique and has become a common respiratory pathogen, since 1980, in my department. attachment ability of b. catarrhalis to oropharyngeal cells coincided with the acute exacerbation of chronic respiratory infections by this bacterium and the same phe ... | 1990 | 2125670 |
| life threatening branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia in young infants. | branhamella catarrhalis is a common nasopharyngeal commensal organism but is also a recognised pathogen. lower respiratory tract infections caused by this organism have been reported in adults but not, to our knowledge, in otherwise healthy infants. two infants, born prematurely, suffered near fatal pneumonia. branhamella catarrhalis was the only microbial pathogen isolated in each case. we suggest that initial antibiotic therapy for severe pneumonia in young infants should be tailored to cover ... | 1990 | 2125625 |
| the occurrence of branhamella catarrhalis and other commensal neisseriaceae in clinical sputum specimens in lagos, nigeria. | branhamella catarrhalis and other commensal neisseria species were isolated from 200 out of 500 sputum samples from patients with lower respiratory tract (lrt) infections at the lagos university teaching hospital (luth). b. catarrhalis was isolated from 60 (12%). the isolation rates for other neisseria species were as follows: n. mucosa from 45 (9%), n. sicca from 40 (8%), n. lactamica from 35 (7%), n. cinerea from 12 (2.4%) and n. subflava from 8 (1.6%). b. catarrhalis occurred in pure cultures ... | 1990 | 2123801 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility and beta-lactamase characterization of branhamella catarrhalis isolates from 1983/1984 and 1988. | branhamella catarrhalis isolates from lower respiratory tract specimens collected in 1983/84 (n = 50) and 1988 (n = 30) were examined for beta-lactamase production. the percent of beta-lactamase-producing strains increased from 25% to 63% from 1983/84 to 1988. beta-lactamases from 30 strains could be typed, and of these 28 were of the bro-1 type and two the bro-2 type. the two beta-lactamase inhibitors, clavulanic acid and brobactam were very active against beta-lactamase extracts whether of the ... | 1990 | 2123390 |
| minimal criteria for identification of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis. | a study was performed which aimed at testing the reliability of our routine diagnostic tests for identification of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis in clinical samples from the respiratory tract. a preliminary diagnosis of 122 isolates as moraxella catarrhalis was obtained by using colony morphology and results of gram stain and oxidase test as the sole diagnostic criteria. by using additional tests we could show that the preliminary diagnosis was incorrect for 21 isolates, which were classif ... | 1990 | 2123112 |
| cytological and bacteriological aspects of secretory otitis media. | bacteriological and cytological examinations were performed on 105 middle ear secretions from 66 children with middle ear effusion (mee) of more than 3 months' duration. the secretions were searched for granulocytes and the activity of these cells was judged by their capacity for random locomotion and their ability to reduce nitroblue tetrazolium. the functional characteristics of the granulocytes were compared with the bacteriological findings on cultures from mee. bacteria commonly regarded as ... | 1990 | 2123111 |
| from micrococcus to moraxella. the reemergence of branhamella catarrhalis. | 1990 | 2122824 | |
| changes in nasopharyngeal flora during otitis media of childhood. | the nasopharyngeal flora of healthy children were compared with flora in children with otitis media caused by nontypable haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae and moraxella catarrhalis. forty healthy children were followed prospectively and compared with 70 children with 43 episodes of nontypable h. influenzae, 21 episodes of s. pneumoniae and 28 episodes of m. catarrhalis otitis media. carriage of nontypable h. influenzae (95% vs. 65%, p less than 0.001), s. pneumoniae (91% vs. 52%, ... | 1990 | 2122410 |
| pulmonary clearance and phagocytic cell response in a murine model of branhamella catarrhalis infection. | c5-sufficient swiss-webster mice (c5+) and c5-deficient dba/2j mice (c5-) when challenged endotracheally with 2 x 10(7) cfu of branhamella catarrhalis rapidly clear the lungs of viable bacteria in 48 h. this rapid clearance correlates with a striking influx of polymorphonuclear neutrophils that is of equal magnitude in both c5+ and c5- animals. supernatant from todd-hewitt broth culture of b. catarrhalis exhibits in vivo chemotactic activity in the murine lung and in vitro chemotactic activity i ... | 1990 | 2121839 |
| butyrate esterase (4-methylumbelliferyl butyrate) spot test, a simple method for immediate identification of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis [corrected]. | a total of 47 moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis strains, 89 strains of neisseria spp., and 82 strains of miscellaneous bacteria and yeasts were studied by using a fluorogenic spot method which detects butyrate esterase. a positive butyrate esterase spot test correctly differentiated m. catarrhalis from neisseria spp., which had a negative butyrate esterase spot test reaction. the test is rapid, simple, and easy to perform. the butyrate esterase spot test was useful for direct identification of ... | 1990 | 2121784 |
| effect of low concentrations of clavulanic acid on the in-vitro activity of amoxycillin against beta-lactamase-producing branhamella catarrhalis and haemophilus influenzae. | concentrations of amoxycillin/clavulanic acid achievable in the respiratory tract following oral dosage were assessed for in-vitro activity against beta-lactamase-producing strains of branhamella catarrhalis and haemophilus influenzae. in agar-dilution studies, 8 mg amoxycillin/l was required to inhibit 45 strains of beta-lactamase-producing b. catarrhalis, whereas all the strains were inhibited by 0.5 mg amoxycillin/l in the presence of 0.01 mg clavulanic acid/l. similarly, 0.1 mg amoxycillin p ... | 1990 | 2121699 |
| branhamella catarrhalis: an organism gaining respect as a pathogen. | branhamella catarrhalis was formerly regarded as a common, essentially harmless inhabitant of the pharynx. this misapprehension was caused, in part, by confusion with another pharyngeal resident, neisseria cinerea. the two organisms can now be differentiated by the positive reactions of b. catarrhalis in tests for nitrate reduction and hydrolysis of tributyrin and dnase. b. catarrhalis is currently recognized as the third most frequent cause of acute otitis media and acute sinusitis in young chi ... | 1990 | 2121328 |
| [isolation of branhamella catarrhalis from sputum and clinical features of bronchopulmonary infection due to branhamella catarrhalis]. | the authors investigated the isolation of branhamella catarrhalis from sputum and the clinical features of bronchopulmonary infection due to b. catarrhalis from january of 1983 to december of 1987 at the hokusyo central hospital. b. catarrhalis was cultured from 106 (3.8%) of 5,674 sputum specimens. the isolation rate did not vary during the 5 years from 1983 to 1987. approximately 70% of the patients had some underlying bronchopulmonary disease. the strains of beta-lactamase-positive b. catarrh ... | 1990 | 2120499 |
| [respiratory infections caused by branhamella catarrhalis in 5 different hospitals]. | during 9 months (from january 1988 to september 1988), we experienced 82 patients (94 episodes) of respiratory infections with branhamella catarrhalis in 5 different hospitals. there were 11 patients of acute bronchitis, 8 patients of pneumonia, 56 patients of chronic bronchitis (68 episodes), 3 patients of bronchiectasis, 3 patients of bronchial asthma with infection and chronic pulmonary emphysema in one patient. ten cases of acute bronchitis and 3 cases of pneumonia had a recent history of co ... | 1990 | 2120497 |
| temafloxacin in acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | temafloxacin hydrochloride, a new fluoroquinolone, was given orally in doses of 300 or 600 mg twice daily for ten days to 36 patients, all hospitalized because of severe acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. sputum cultures before, during and after treatment showed that the infection was eliminated in 12/18 evaluable patients given 300 mg and in 13/16 receiving the 600 mg doses. haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis and streptococcus pneumoniae were effectively eliminated ... | 1990 | 2120178 |
| ceftibuten--in-vitro activity against respiratory pathogens, beta-lactamase stability and mechanism of action. | the in-vitro activity of ceftibuten against respiratory pathogenic bacteria was studied and compared with that of other oral beta-lactam agents. ceftibuten displayed high activity against haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis. there was reduced activity against streptococcus pneumoniae (mic90 16 mg/l). the protein binding of ceftibuten was 77% and the primary target site pbp 3. a high degree of stability to beta-lactamase hydrolysis was observed. | 1990 | 2120175 |
| in-vitro activity of roxithromycin against branhamella catarrhalis. | 1990 | 2120171 | |
| effect of ampicillin, cefmetazole and minocycline on the adherence of branhamella catarrhalis to pharyngeal epithelial cells. | using pharyngeal epithelial cells from a healthy adult and eight strains of branhamella catarrhalis (b. catarrhalis) isolated from eight patients with respiratory infection the effect of subminimal inhibitory concentrations of cefmetazole, ampicillin and minocycline on adherence was examined. cefmetazole-treated bacterial attachment (44 +/- 28; mean +/- s.d.) decreased significantly (p less than 0.05) compared to the control (84 +/- 27). statistically no significant difference in adherence was f ... | 1990 | 2118692 |
| randomized comparative study of cefixime versus cephalexin in acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | patients with purulent exacerbation of chronic bronchitis were randomized to receive either a single 400-mg daily dose of cefixime or 250 mg of cephalexin, orally, four times a day. patients were males with a mean age of 63 years. of the 86 patients, 71 (82%) had bronchitis caused by a single organism (29 by haemophilus influenzae, 27 by branhamella catarrhalis, 9 by gram-negative enteric organisms, 6 by streptococcus pneumoniae), while more than one pathogen was implicated in 15 patients (18%). ... | 1990 | 2118322 |
| rapid identification of branhamella catarrhalis. a comparison of five rapid methods. | five methods for the rapid identification and differentiation of branhamella catarrhalis from other neisseria species in 86 respiratory specimens were compared. these tests included the 4-methylumbelliferyl butyrate (mub), api quadferm, b.cat.confirm, gonochek ii, and the tributyrin disc. all five tests reliably and accurately identified 31 b. catarrhalis isolates. however, the mub test was the least expensive, least labor intensive, and did not require overnight purity plates for performance. t ... | 1990 | 2116950 |
| quantification of nasopharyngeal bacteria for diagnosis of respiratory tract infection in children. | agreement between clinical signs of bacterial respiratory tract infections and quantities of respiratory tract pathogens in nasopharynx was studied in 77 children, aged 6-13 years. specimens were obtained from 27 clinically bacterial and 51 clinically non-bacterial respiratory tract infections, and in 124 instances from healthy children. viable counts of streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, and beta-haemolytic streptococci were made from swab specimens suspe ... | 1990 | 2115205 |
| [activity of cefapirin against bacterial strains isolated from acute otitis media in children]. | the antibacterial activity of cefapirin was tested against 210 strains isolated from the auricular exudate of childrens' acute otitis media. for 112 strains of haemophilus studied (20% secreted a beta-lactamase), the mic 50 and 90 of cefapirin were 2 and 4 mg/l respectively. ten strains of branhamella catarrhalis were tested (9 secreted a beta-lactamase) and the mic ranged from 0.25 to 4 mg/l. against streptococcus pneumoniae, cefapirin has an extremely high activity with mic 50 and 90 less than ... | 1990 | 2114604 |
| comparative study of cefuroxime axetil suspension and amoxycillin syrup in the treatment of acute otitis media in general practice. | in a multicentre general practice study, 660 children aged between 3 months and 12 years with otitis media were randomized to receive a 10-day course of cefuroxime axetil suspension or amoxycillin syrup. children under 2 years of age were given 125 mg cefuroxime axetil twice daily after food or 125 mg amoxycillin three times daily; older children received 250 mg cefuroxime axetil twice daily or 250 mg amoxycillin three times daily. the overall cure or improvement rate was 94.3% for those treated ... | 1990 | 2113874 |
| bacterial isolates and cigarette smoking in patients with chronic bronchitis: results from an italian multicenter survey. | patients who were cigarette smokers suffering exacerbations of chronic bronchitis were examined in eight outpatient clinics in five regions of italy, three from the south (campania, 82 patients; sicily, 82 patients; and puglia, 29 patients) and two from north (lombardy, 33 patients; and liguria, 50 patients). haemophilus influenzae was the most frequently isolated bacterium in the patients' sputum (in 30% of the total group), followed by streptococcus pneumoniae (in 20%), staphylococcus aureus ( ... | 1990 | 2112984 |
| moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis bacteremia. a case report and literature review. | moraxella catarrhalis is increasingly recognized as a cause of pulmonary and upper airway disease, but bacteremia remains unusual. we treated a 71-year-old man who died of rapidly progressive bacteremic m catarrhalis bronchopneumonia. this case, and a review of the 27 previously reported m catarrhalis bacteremias in the literature, demonstrated that m catarrhalis can be a virulent organism capable of causing serious infection and death in both immunocompetent and compromised hosts. | 1990 | 2112907 |
| on branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia. | 1990 | 2112238 | |
| the changing pattern of antibiotic resistance of neisseria gonorrhoeae. | 1990 | 2111274 | |
| the changing pattern of antibiotic resistance of neisseria gonorrhoeae. | 1990 | 2111274 | |
| respiratory infections caused by branhamella catarrhalis. selected epidemiologic features. | this work reviewed existing literature pertaining to the epidemiologic aspects of respiratory tract infections caused by branhamella catarrhalis, examined certain epidemiologic features of b. catarrhalis infections occurring at this facility, and identified relevant areas in need of further study. | 1990 | 2111094 |
| antibiotic susceptibilities and drug resistance in moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis. | to summarize current knowledge of drug susceptibility and mechanisms of drug resistance in moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis. | 1990 | 2111092 |
| branhamella catarrhalis: phenotypic characteristics. | purpose: this review provides a comprehensive description and discussion of recognized phenotypic characteristics of branhamella catarrhalis. an emphasis is placed on attributes of this organism that are relevant to its recovery and identification in the clinical microbiology laboratory. in addition, characteristics useful in determining strain identity for use in epidemiologic investigations are addressed. finally, factors are discussed that may account for the infection-causing potential of b. ... | 1990 | 2111091 |
| a comparison of serum bactericidal activity and phenotypic characteristics of bacteremic, pneumonia-causing strains, and colonizing strains of branhamella catarrhalis. | four blood isolates, 12 pneumonia isolates, and seven colonizing isolates of branhamella catarrhalis were compared with respect to their ability to grow in normal human serum and in convalescent serum of a patient with b. catarrhalis bacteremia. disease-causing isolates showed seven of 16 serum-resistant strains (43 percent) compared with one of seven (13 percent) colonizing strains. bacteremic strains were not more serum-resistant than pneumonia-causing strains. trypsin zones of inhibition were ... | 1990 | 2111090 |
| antibody response to p-protein in patients with branhamella catarrhalis infections. | branhamella catarrhalis is now recognized as an important cause of lower respiratory tract infections, especially in the elderly. in most instances, pathogenicity is presumed by recovery of the organism in a sputum culture, a method that is less than conclusive. in order to better diagnose b. catarrhalis infections, an enzyme-linked immunoassay has been developed using p-protein as antigen to measure antibodies to b. catarrhalis. in 17 elderly patients with b. catarrhalis pneumonia and 12 with t ... | 1990 | 2111089 |
| a descriptive study of 42 cases of branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia. | we studied the clinical and laboratory findings of patients with pneumonia due to moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis to better characterize the types of patients who develop this pneumonia, the clinical features of the illness, and the type of and response to drug therapy, as well as the immediate and long-term survival of these patients. | 1990 | 2111088 |
| spectrum of disease due to branhamella catarrhalis in children with particular reference to acute otitis media. | for many years branhamella catarrhalis was regarded as a non-pathogenic inhabitant of the respiratory tract. this article outlines the spectrum of b. catarrhalis disease in childhood and the extent of the evidence for a pathogenic role of the organism. b. catarrhalis is a rare etiologic agent in septicemia, meningitis, and other systemic illness in both apparently normal and immunocompromised infants and children. it is an unusual cause of ophthalmia neonatorum, but can be confused with neisseri ... | 1990 | 2111087 |
| branhamella catarrhalis: a microbiologic and clinical update. proceedings of a symposium. houston, texas, september 15, 1989. | 1990 | 2111086 | |
| in-vitro activity of ampicillin/sulbactam and other antibiotics against clinical isolates of haemophilus sp. and branhamella catarrhalis. | the ampicillin/sulbactam combination is one of several such drug combinations of a beta-lactam and suicide inhibitor having a wide spectrum of activity. these characteristics induced us to evaluate the in vitro activity of this combination towards 54 strains of haemophilus sp. (38 beta-lactamase producers) and 20 strains of branhamella catarrhalis (16 beta-lactamase producers). all strains were isolated from sputum, sinusal aspiration and tympanocentesis. in the case of haemophilus sp beta-lacta ... | 1990 | 2110245 |
| an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of human igg subclass antibodies directed against branhamella catarrhalis. | an elisa procedure to determine the distribution of human igg subclass antibodies directed against the gram-negative bacterium branhamella catarrhalis has been developed using commercially available monoclonal anti-igg subclass antibodies. using whole bacteria as coating antigen the specificity of the assay was determined and showed minimal cross-reactivity with a range of other bacteria. estimations of igg1, igg2, igg3, igg4 and total igg antibodies directed against this antigen were performed. ... | 1990 | 2109016 |
| treatment of branhamella catarrhalis infections. | 1990 | 2108111 | |
| [a review of four cases of branhamella catarrhalis bacteremia in children]. | branhamella catarrhalis was recovered from one blood culture each from three infants and one neonate admitted to the trousseau hospital (paris) between 1986 and 1988. clinical features included fever in every case, otitis in three cases, pneumonia in two cases, diarrhea in one case, and enterocolitis in one case. all the strains were beta-lactamase producers. outcome was favorable in every case. the antimicrobial agent used was erythromycin in one case, amoxicillin in one case, and a third gener ... | 1990 | 2107783 |
| serological typing of branhamella catarrhalis strains on the basis of lipopolysaccharide antigens. | a total of 302 strains of branhamella catarrhalis from different parts of the world were serologically typed according to their lipopolysaccharide (lps) antigenicity. for this purpose, an inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed using the following reagents: antisera raised against whole bacterial suspensions for a panel of 16 serotype strains and lps prepared from these strains by phenol extraction. antisera were absorbed with whole bacterial suspensions of the b. catarrhalis ... | 1990 | 2107197 |
| branhamella catarrhalis pneumonia with bacteremia in a pediatric patient with smoke inhalation. | branhamella catarrhalis, a common inhabitant of the upper respiratory tract, has been identified recently as a cause of lower airway infection. in this report we present a case of b. catarrhalis pneumonia and bacteremia in a child with smoke inhalation as the first description of invasive disease involving this organism in a traumatized airway. in addition, other pediatric cases of b. catarrhalis bacteremia are reviewed, suggesting immunocompromise as a risk factor. | 1990 | 2107181 |
| antibodies against streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae and branhamella catarrhalis in middle ear effusion during early phase of acute otitis media. | serum type (igg, igm and iga-class) and secretory type antibodies specific to streptococcus pneumoniae (pn), haemophilus influenzae (hi) and branhamella catarrhalis (br) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in 46 serum and 114 middle ear effusion (mee) samples from 85 children with acute otitis media (aom). the samples were obtained within 12 h from the onset of the ear symptoms. serum (but not secretory) type antibodies to the infecting pn serotype were found in 24% of the ... | 1990 | 2106760 |
| [infections caused by branhamella catarrhalis]. | branhamella catarrhalis, formerly neisseria catarrhalis, is a common bacteriological finding in the upper respiratory tract in infancy, and it ranks third on the list of bacterial causes of otitis media and sinusitis. in adults branhamella catarrhalis may cause acute exacerbations of bronchitis and pneumonia, especially in patients with chronic lung disease. branhamella catarrhalis is being recognized more frequently as a nosocomial pathogen and it may cause septicaemia in immunocompromised pati ... | 1990 | 2106743 |
| cefaclor treatment of upper and lower respiratory tract infections caused by moraxella catarrhalis. | a retrospective analysis of data from 18 clinical studies was performed to examine the effectiveness and safety of cefaclor in the treatment of upper and lower respiratory tract infections caused by moraxella catarrhalis (previously called branhamella catarrhalis). eighty-six percent of 56 evaluable patients had improvement in their symptoms of infections following therapy with cefaclor. there were no serious or life-threatening adverse drug experiences reported by any patient. cefaclor appears ... | 1990 | 2105479 |
| evaluation of bacto tb hydrolysis reagent (tween 80) for the identification of branhamella catarrhalis. | an investigation of the hydrolysis of tween 80 reagent by branhamella catarrhalis and related organisms (neisseria and moraxella species) revealed that only b. catarrhalis gave a positive result. a total of 226 strains, including reference organisms and clinical isolates, were studied. b. catarrhalis changed the color of the reagent from amber to pink-red after overnight incubation. we recommend this simple and cost-effective test as an alternative procedure to dnase testing or tributyrin hydrol ... | 1990 | 2105335 |
| [susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to antimicrobial agents. a study mainly focused on imipenem. research group for testing imipenem susceptibility on clinical isolates]. | we investigated susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to imipenem (ipm) and other antimicrobial agents at 459 hospital laboratories throughout japan from september to december of 1988. in this study, identification and susceptibility testing were performed at each hospital laboratory and the tests were carried out according to the 1-dilution or 3-dilution disc technique in which susceptibilities are classified into 4 grades: , ++, + and -. ipm had significantly high activity against st ... | 1990 | 2086814 |
| [anaerobic bacteria detected in inflammatory conditions of the respiratory tract]. | in this study a participation of anaerobic bacteria in respiratory tract diseases is presented. bronchial washings collected by ++fibrobronchoscope constituted material for the study. immediately after collection the material was plated onto two media for aerobic bacteria (hemomedium) and anaerobic bacteria (anaeromedium). then, the samples were centrifuged and a sediment was plated on solid media suitable for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. bacterial anaerobic isolates were identified by using ... | 1990 | 2084446 |
| in-vitro activity of sparfloxacin, a new quinolone antimicrobial agent. | the in-vitro activity of sparfloxacin (at-4140), a new difluorinated quinolone, was compared with those of ciprofloxacin, temafloxacin and selected members of other groups of antimicrobial agents, against 651 recent distinct clinical isolates and strains with known mechanisms of resistance. three strains of chlamydia trachomatis were also studied. the mics for 90% of the enterobacteriaceae were between 0.06 and 1 mg/l; for pseudomonas aeruginosa the mic90 was 2 mg/l. sparfloxacin was 16-fold mor ... | 1990 | 2079449 |
| [tuberculosis sequelae: secondary bacterial infections]. | bacterial infections is one of the most important complications in the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. we reported the causative microorganisms in these cases with special reference to various clinical features and presented the recommended treatment and prophylaxis against respiratory bacterial infections in the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis sequelae. in 1988 and 1989, 63 patients with tuberculosis sequela were demonstrated to have been infected with respiratory pathogenic bacteria ... | 1990 | 2077264 |
| open randomized controlled parallel study of ofloxacin versus trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole treatment of lower respiratory tract and urinary infections. | a total of 60 patients with lower respiratory tract or urinary tract infections were enrolled in an open, randomized, controlled, parallel study comparing 300 mg ofloxacin (ofx) b.i.d. with trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole (tmp 800 mg + smx 160 mg), 1 tablet, b.i.d. the signs and symptoms of low respiratory tract infection were cured in 12 patients (80%) of the ofx group and improved in 2 other patients (13%); at the end of therapy, the 2 germs that persisted were streptococcus pneumoniae and bra ... | 1991 | 2049964 |
| [neonatal conjunctivitis in a nursery and a neonatal unit]. | after credé prophylaxis was abandoned at our hospital in 1984 scrupulous clinical surveillance of all neonates for conjunctivitis, and bacterial cultures from purulent eye discharge, have become routine. during the two-year period 1 march 1987 to 28 february 1989, testing for chlamydia trachomatis (eia-technique) was added in all infants with clinical conjunctivitis. during the period concerned there were 332 cases of conjunctivitis among 4,520 live born infants, an incidence of 7.3%. the incide ... | 1991 | 2042130 |
| [pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on cefpirome in pediatrics]. | cefpirome (cpr, hr 810), a new parenteral cephalosporin antibiotic, was studied for its pharmacokinetics, bacteriological and clinical effects in the field of pediatrics. 1. cpr was very active against staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, coagulase-negative staphylococci, streptococcus pneumoniae among gram-positive cocci. antibacterial activities of cpr were also strong against branhamella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae, escherichia coli, salmonella sp., klebsiella oxytoca, e ... | 1991 | 2041158 |
| [bacteriological, pharmacokinetic and clinical evaluations of cefpirome sulfate in the pediatric field. pediatric study group of cefpirome]. | a research group was organized with the purpose of making basic and clinical studies on cefpirome sulfate (hr810, cpr), a newly developed cephalosporin antibiotic, in the pediatric field. through meetings a joint research was done involving 19 key institutions and their related facilities throughout japan. the obtained results are summarized as follows. 1. antibacterial activities minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) were determined against 71 gram-positive and 110 gram-negative bacteria in ... | 1991 | 2041150 |
| activity of temafloxacin against respiratory pathogens. | the activity of the quinolone temafloxacin against respiratory pathogens was compared with those of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. mics for 90% of strains tested indicated that temafloxacin was at least two- to fourfold more potent than the other two quinolones against staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumoniae, and legionella pneumophila. temafloxacin had potency equal to that of ciprofloxacin and was twofold more active than ofloxacin against streptococcus pyogenes. moraxella catarrhalis, a ... | 1991 | 2039192 |
| continuous activity of significant antibiotics. | respiratory tract infections (rtis) are the primary cause of antibiotic use in general practice. since the first penicillin was introduced for therapeutic purposes, several classes of antibiotics have been used in the treatment of community-acquired rtis. the phase when penicillins g and v could be active in rtis was relatively short lived due to the early emergence of resistant organisms. ampicillin and amoxicillin have been used successfully for more than 20 years in the treatment of rtis. in ... | 1991 | 2029722 |
| in vitro activity of a catechol-substituted cephalosporin, gr69153. | the in vitro activity of gr69153, a new catechol-substituted cephalosporin, was compared with those of ceftazidime, imipenem, meropenem, and ceftriaxone against 604 recent clinical isolates and other strains with known mechanisms of resistance. the mics of gr69153 for 90% of the members of the family enterobacteriaceae tested were less than 0.5 micrograms/ml, with the exceptions of those for serratia spp. (4 micrograms/ml), citrobacter spp. (2 micrograms/ml), and enterobacter spp. (8 micrograms/ ... | 1991 | 2024966 |
| in vitro antibacterial activities of pd 131628, a new 1,8-naphthyridine anti-infective agent. | pd 131628 is a new aminopyrrolidine-substituted fluorocyclopropyl naphthyridine quinolone which possesses high in vitro activity against a wide spectrum of bacterial species. the mics for greater than or equal to 90% of strains were 0.125 to 0.25 microgram/ml for staphylococci, streptococcus pyogenes, and s. pneumoniae; 0.5 micrograms/ml for s. agalactiae and enterococcus faecalis; 0.125 micrograms/ml for members of the family enterobacteriaceae and acinetobacter spp.; 0.5 micrograms/ml for pseu ... | 1991 | 2014970 |
| comparative antimicrobial spectrum and activity of ceftibuten against clinical isolates from west germany. | the in vitro activity of a new oral cephalosporin, ceftibuten, was determined against 837 clinical isolates by agar dilution technique and compared with that of the oral cephalosporins, cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefixime, cefpodoxime, and cefprozil. against enterobacteriaceae, ceftibuten was the most active of the compounds. ceftibuten mic90s were less than or equal to 0.25 micrograms/ml for most members of the family enterobacteriaceae, 0.13 microgram/ml for haemophilus influenzae, 4 micrograms/ml ... | 1991 | 2013211 |
| antimicrobial activity and spectrum of ceftibuten (7432-s, sch 39720)--a review of united states and canadian results. | preliminary in vitro studies of ceftibuten in the united states and canada have demonstrated a potent activity against enteric bacilli (greater than 90% of routine clinical isolates), haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, neisseria spp., most b-hemolytic streptocci, and streptococcus pneumoniae. ceftibuten was demonstrated to be bactericidal, minimally influenced by high inocula, beta-lactamase stable, an inhibitor of type ia beta-lactamase, and potentially usable against some enterobac ... | 1991 | 2013209 |
| randomized comparative study of ceftibuten versus cefaclor in the treatment of acute lower respiratory tract infections. | in a randomized, single-blind trial, ceftibuten in doses of 200 mg and 300 mg administered b.i.d., was compared with cefaclor 500 mg t.i.d. in acute lower respiratory tract infections. a total 545 patients were enrolled, of which 263 were evaluable for efficacy. all patients were adults with a diagnosis of either bacterial pneumonia or bronchitis. the infective organism was eliminated in 83% of the patients in the ceftibuten 200-mg b.i.d. treatment group and in 85% of patients in the 300-mg b.i. ... | 1991 | 2013204 |
| bacteriology of the ethmoid bullae in children with chronic sinusitis. | cultures from 105 children with chronic sinusitis who had failed aggressive medical management were retrospectively studied. patients with immunodeficiency and cystic fibrosis were excluded from the study. because the most common sites of disease were the infundibula and anterior ethmoid sinuses, samples of mucosa removed from the anterior ethmoid bullae during endoscopic ethmoidectomy were routinely cultured for aerobic and anaerobic organisms. fungal cultures were performed for 55 bullae. the ... | 1991 | 1991059 |
| electron microscopic observation of branhamella catarrhalis. | the hemagglutination (ha) test was done on 85 strains of branhamella catarrhalis, isolated from sputum of patients with respiratory infections; 53% were ha positive strains. three ha positive and three ha negative strains were selected and were observed under the electron microscope. the bacterial cell wall appeared to be lobulated and its total thickness was about 38 nm. the nuclear region consisted of whorls or fibrils and dense bodies. five strains were fimbriated and one strain was nonfimbri ... | 1990 | 1983027 |
| superoxol and aminopeptidase tests for identification of pathogenic neisseria species and moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis. | the superoxol test, and prolyl aminopeptidase and gammaglutamyl aminopeptidase tests were evaluated for the detection of pathogenic neisseria spp. using 317 strains of neisseria-ceae. the superoxol test was positive for all 116 gonococci and 62 moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis strains, but also for three strains of neisseria meningitidis, one strain of neisseria lactamica and eight saprophytic neisseriae. when using strains grown on thayer-martin medium, the positive and negative predictive v ... | 1990 | 1974848 |
| pili (fimbriae) of branhamella species. | pili (fimbriae) have frequently been found to be involved in the attachment of bacteria to mucosal epithelial cells, an important initial step in the disease process. the purpose of this study was to determine if branhamella catarrhalis expresses type 4 pili. | 1990 | 1971156 |
| shunt-associated ventriculitis caused by branhamella catarrhalis. | 1990 | 1969445 | |
| double-blind comparison of cefixime and cefaclor in the treatment of acute otitis media in children. | in a double-blind study cefixime, an oral cephalosporin of the third generation, was compared to cefaclor in the treatment of acute otitis media in 397 children aged 6 months to 12 years. clinical evaluation was carried out at the beginning, at day 10-12 and day 28-35 after the start of the treatment. specimens for bacterial culture and sensitivity testings were taken from the nasopharynx at the initial visit. patients were randomized either to cefixime in a dose of 8 mg/kg/day or cefaclor in a ... | 1991 | 1957129 |
| moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis. | moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis is now a well-recognized pathogen in lower respiratory tract infections, particularly in the setting of chronic lung disease. the ability to produce beta-lactamase, which now characterizes most clinical strains, appears to be a recently acquired trait. the most common clinical syndrome caused by this organism is exacerbation of chronic bronchitis; this syndrome has been well described in europe, japan, and the united states, particularly from centers with a la ... | 1991 | 1955698 |
| pneumonia in chronic obstructive lung disease. | despite the apparent common occurrence of pneumonia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), there are little firm data on incidence, etiology, diagnostic procedures, and therapy in these patients. it appears that traditional respiratory pathogens such as the pneumococcus are declining in importance while "new" pathogens such as pseudomonas sp., moraxella catarrhalis, and legionella sp. are becoming more important. the diagnosis of a specific etiologic agent is difficult in ... | 1991 | 1955695 |
| pharmacokinetics of cefuroxime axetil and cefaclor: relationship of concentrations in serum to mics for common respiratory pathogens. | the pharmacokinetics of single doses of cefaclor at 250 and 375 mg and cefuroxime axetil at 250 mg administered under optimal conditions (i.e., cefuroxime axetil after food and cefaclor in the fasted state) were studied in 24 healthy male volunteers. drug concentrations in serum were related to mics for common respiratory tract pathogens by using data generated from a recently completed national survey. the time the concentrations in serum exceeded the mics for haemophilus influenzae, streptococ ... | 1991 | 1952858 |
| an approach to pediatric upper respiratory infections. | upper respiratory tract infections are the most common diseases encountered in office pediatrics. the majority of these illnesses, including the common cold and pharyngitis, are viral in etiology, present with rhinitis and fever, and are self-limited and benign. management consists of fluids, rest, saltwater nose drops and analgesics. antihistamines appear to relieve only those symptoms potentiated by allergy. with the exception of streptococcal pharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infections do ... | 1991 | 1950981 |
| nasal mucosal changes in children treated with gammaglobulin. aspects on middle ear pathology and nasopharyngeal bacteriology. | the present study was undertaken to evaluate possible beneficial effects of gammaglobulin treatment every 3 weeks during 6 months of 6-month to 2-year-old children. every second of 44 children with recurrent acute otitis media (raom) received gammaglobulin, the other 22 served as controls. nasal mucosal biopsy specimens were taken at 6-month intervals and analysed by light microscopy (lm) and scanning electron microscopy (sem). additional biopsies were obtained from another 15 children with raom ... | 1991 | 1950543 |
| [role of cefuroxime-axetil in the treatment of respiratory tract infections. bacteriological and pharmacological data]. | cefuroxime-axetil, the 1-acetoxyethyl ester of cefuroxime, is a prodrug for oral administration. the indication of this new formulation in the treatment of community acquired rti required an updating of its activity against respiratory pathogens. a total of 260 isolates were included in a study using mic determination (agar dilution technique): the mode mics for haemophilus spp., branhamella catarrhalis, streptococci, s. pneumoniae ranged from 0.016 to 0.5 mg/l; no difference was noted between b ... | 1991 | 1948811 |
| comparison of molecular epidemiological tools for branhamella catarrhalis typing. | twenty-one branhamella catarrhalis strains selected for their diversity by esterase electrophoretic polymorphism, and belonging to 20 distinct zymotypes, were studied by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) of total dna after ethidium bromide staining and of ribosomal dna regions (ribotyping). the former analysis allowed the distinction of 20 patterns and the latter the delineation of 19 ribotypes. the three methods were correlated and showed a clonal diversity of the species. esteras ... | 1991 | 1947430 |
| [branhamella catarrhalis as a disease pathogen]. | since 1980, numerous reports have been published throughout the world on the pathogenic role of branhamella catarrhalis. apparently, branhamella infections have been increasing in many places. although they can affect various organs, they are most commonly observed in the airways and eye (both in children and adults). not infrequently, branhamella catarrhalis causes sepsis, in particular in immunosuppressed patients. the rapid increase in beta-lactamase-forming branhamella strains results in fre ... | 1991 | 1937324 |
| in vitro activity of loracarbef (ly163892), a new oral carbacephem antimicrobial agent, against respiratory isolates of haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis. | the in vitro activity of a new orally administered carbacephem analog of cefaclor, loracarbef (ly163892), was compared with those of cefaclor and several other oral antimicrobial agents against recent clinical isolates of haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis. loracarbef was found to be slightly more active than cefaclor against h. influenzae and had activity essentially equivalent to that of cefaclor for m. catarrhalis. resistance to loracarbef was uncommon and was noted only with ra ... | 1991 | 1929318 |
| comparative efficacy and safety of cefprozil (bmy-28100) and cefaclor in the treatment of acute group a beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis. | cefprozil (bmy-28100) is a semisynthetic cephalosporin with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and prolonged serum elimination half-life allowing for once-a-day oral administration. in vitro, cefprozil demonstrates excellent activity against staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis. cefprozil (500 mg once daily) was compared to cefaclor (250 mg three times daily) in an open, randomized, comparative trial for the treatment of acute group ... | 1991 | 1929253 |
| [beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations for oral administration]. | beta-lactamase inhibitors are compounds which are able to bind many beta-lactamase and to inactivate them irreversibly ("suicide inactivators"). their intrinsic antimicrobial activity is weak. however, in combination with aminopenicillins they exhibit marked synergism both in vitro and in vivo against many beta-lactamase producing bacterial strains. at the achievable serum and tissue concentrations after oral administration, various aminopenicillin/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations are activ ... | 1991 | 1925470 |