Publications

glucose transport in carp erythrocytes: individual variation and effects of osmotic swelling, extracellular ph and catecholamines	the characteristics of the uptake of 3-o-methyl-d-glucose (3-omg) by carp (cyprinus carpio) erythrocytes were studied in vitro with tracer methods. there is large individual variation in the permeability of the carp erythrocyte membrane to 3-omg. although transport is inhibited by cytochalasin b and phloretin, the lack of saturation kinetics for transport in a physiologically relevant concentration range suggests either that a glucose transporter does not exist or that its affinity for glucose i ...	1995	9318283
rapid and simultaneous measurement of anodic and cathodic haemoglobins and atp and gtp concentrations in minute quantities of fish blood	oxygen transport to vertebrate tissues is dependent upon (a) the intrinsic o2-binding properties of haemoglobin (hb) and (b) modulation by allosteric effectors, such as nucleoside triphosphates (ntp), that depress hb o2-affinity in fish red cells. while some species, such as flatfish, primarily use adenosine triphosphate (atp) to modulate o2-binding to hb, others, such as eel and carp, also use guanosine triphosphate (gtp) (kono and hashimoto, 1977; leray, 1982; weber and jensen, 1988). unlike m ...	1994	9317794
regulatory volume decrease in carp red blood cells: mechanisms and oxygenation-dependency of volume-activated potassium and amino acid transport	hypo-osmotic swelling of carp red blood cells (rbcs) induced a regulatory volume decrease (rvd), which restored the original cell volume within 140 min in oxygenated rbcs, whereas volume recovery was incomplete in deoxygenated rbcs. the complete rvd in oxygenated rbcs resulted from a sustained volume-activated release of k+, cl- and amino acids (aas). in the absence of ouabain, the cells also lost na+ as released k+ was partially regained via the na+/k+ pump. inorganic osmolytes contributed appr ...	1995	9317537
characterization of macrophages and neutrophilic granulocytes from the pronephros of carp (cyprinus carpio)	to analyse the functional activity of different leucocyte types, carp pronephros cells were separated on percoll density gradients and by use of fluorescence-activated cell sorting. cell populations were characterised by light and electron microscopy and by flow cytometry. fractions enriched in macrophages and neutrophilic granulocytes were subsequently analysed for phagocytic activity in vitro by quantification of the uptake of escherichia coli bacteria or yeast cells, and for respiratory burst ...	1994	9317515
the effect of selenium on antioxidant system in erythrocytes and liver of the carp (cyprinus carpio l.)	the effect of selenium-supplemented diet (sodium selenate and selenium yeast) on antioxidant in erythrocytes and liver of the carp (cyprinus carpio l.) fingerlings was studied. with this goal, the activities of glutathione peroxidase (gsh-px), catalase (cat), superoxide dismutase (sod), glutathione reductase (gr) and glutathione-s-transferase (gst), as well as glutathione (gsh + gssg) level, were determined. in the group supplemented with sodium selenate, no significant changes in the activity o ...	1997	9315433
adrenocorticotropic hormone-releasing activity of urotensin i and its fragments in vitro.	adrenocorticotropic hormone (acth)-releasing activity of synthetic carp urotensin i (ui) and its ten synthetic fragments were examined using cultured rat pituitary cells. both ui(1-41) and rat crf (rcrf) increased acth release in a similar fashion at a concentration range from 10 pm to 100 nm. the potency of ui(1-41) was about one seventh that of rcrf on a molar basis. four of ten ui fragments, ui(1-36), ui(4-36), ui(6-36) and ui(1-19) showed relatively strong acth-releasing activity, whereas bo ...	1997	9309581
effects of extracellular environment on the osmotic signal transduction involved in activation of motility of carp spermatozoa.	the mechanism by which a hypo-osmotic shock activates motility of carp spermatozoa was studied. the direct role of osmolality at the axoneme was investigated after demembranation of spermatozoa with triton x-100 and reactivation in various ionic or anionic solutions containing mg-atp: demembranated spermatozoa remain motile in solutions of osmolality up to 550 mosm kg-1 while non-demembranated spermatozoa are immotile when osmolality rises above 250 mosm kg-1 with the same salt solutions as well ...	1997	9306986
[growth and carcass quality of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) fed different cereals, lupin seed or zooplankton].	120 carp (cyprinus carpio l.) with an average initial weight of 516 g, were kept in 20 tanks at a water temperature of 23 degrees c and given five different commercially practical diets to an end weight of approximately 1000 g. four of the diets consisted of more than 50% of the traditional sole feeds wheat (w), rye (r), maize (m), or lupin seed (l), mixed with other ingredients to give diets with similar concentration of energy and crude protein. the fifth diet consisted exclusively of deep fro ...	1997	9304388
conservation of apoptosis as an immune regulatory mechanism: effects of cortisol and cortisone on carp lymphocytes.	this is the first study to show that apoptosis as an immune regulatory mechanism is conserved in fish, demonstrating its importance in maintaining immunological homeostasis. the data further show that this mechanism is subject to control by glucocorticosteroids. carp plasma cortisol concentrations increase from 20 to 434 ng/ml and cortisone from 5 to 50 ng/ml within 9 min of the onset of handling stress. at basal steroid concentrations in vitro, cortisol, but not its conversion product cortisone ...	1997	9299059
[temperature dependence of the kinetics of renaturation of partially denatured collagen].	by the method of optical activity it has been studied the temperature dependence of the triple helical refolding process of partially denatured collagen from the skin and swim bladder of the mirror carp, and also that of the rat skin. it is shown that reducing the renaturation temperature the triple helical refolding rate increases and is in perfect agreement with the earlier observed fact [1,2]. the temperature coefficient of the reaction rate in the investigated region of temperatures remains ...	1997	9296618
the effect of alternate-day low dose prednisolone on bone age in children with steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome.	radius, ulna, short bones (rus), carpal (carp) bone age (ba), tibial cortico-diaphyseal (c/d) ratio and trabecular aspect were assessed in 19 children with steroid dependent nephrotic syndrome and 15 age matched healthy children. both rus and carp ba were significantly lower than in the controls. trabecular aspect and tibial c/d ratio did not show any statistical significance. there was a positive correlation between hsds and rus ba delay (r = -0.476, p < 0.05); carp ba delay and rus ba delay (r ...	1997	9285311
gonadotropin alpha-subunit glycoprotein from channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) and its expression during hormone-induced ovulation.	complementary dna (cdna) encoding the channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus) gonadotropin (gth) alpha-subunit glycoprotein was cloned by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) from a plasmid library made from pituitary rna. complete cdna cloning was achieved by carrying out two pcr reactions: one with an upstream sense primer plus the universal sequencing primer, located downstream of the poly(a) sequence of the cdna in the plasmid vector, to amplify the downstream portion of the cdna; the other with a ...	1997	9284560
two opposite effects of atp on the apparent sensitivity of the cgmp-gated channel of the carp retinal cone.	effects of atp on the activity of cgmp-gated channels from carp cone photoreceptors were studied. in 29% of the patches examined (n = 45), atp (1 mm) enhanced a current evoked by cgmp (20 microm, up to about 100%), in 33%. atp suppressed it by up to about 90%, and in the remaining 38%, atp had no effect. atp showed similar effects on a current evoked by 8-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (2 microm, enhancing in 42% of the patches, suppressing in 25%, no effect in 33%, n = 12), suggestin ...	2013	9278990
a novel cardiac-restricted target for doxorubicin. carp, a nuclear modulator of gene expression in cardiac progenitor cells and cardiomyocytes.	doxorubicin (dox), a cardiotoxic antineoplastic drug, disrupts the cardiac-specific program of gene expression (kurabayashi, m., dutta, s., jeyaseelan, r., and kedes, l. (1995) mol. cell. biol. 15, 6386-6397; jeyaseelan, r., poizat, c., wu, h. y., and kedes, l. (1997) j. biol. chem. 272, 5828-5832). to determine whether this drug might interfere with the function of cardiac-specific regulatory pathways, we used a differential display strategy to clone from neonatal rat cardiomyocyte candidate mr ...	1997	9278441
electron-microscopy observations on an intracellular mastigophoran in the gills of crucian carp, carassius carassius.		1997	9272571
immunization with bacterial antigens: infections with motile aeromonads.	motile aeromonads are a heterogeneous group of organisms which are involved in a number of disease syndromes of warm water fish. they are commonly associated with bacterial haemorrhagic septicaemia, infectious dropsy, red mouth disease, ulcerative conditions etc. a variety of factors has been considered to be associated with virulence including haemolysins, proteases, surface array protein, acetylcholinesterase etc. we have studied the immune response of indian major carps to antigens of motile ...	1997	9270842
histopathological changes induced by environmental stress in common carp, japanese coloured carp, european eel, and african catfish.	histopathological changes caused by stress during catching and transport were examined in four fish species, the common carp (cyprinus carpio), the japanese coloured carp (koi, the coloured variant of the asian carp, cyprinus carpio haematopterus), the european eel (anguilla anguilla), and the african catfish (clarias gariepinus). in all species, the goblet cells of the gills and skin were decreased in number and slight detachment of the epithelium of the secondary gill lamellae was seen. loss o ...	1997	9270124
in vivo and in vitro effects of deltamethrin on cytochrome p450 monooxygenase activity in carp (cyprinus carpio l) liver.	the in vivo and in vitro effects of the insecticide deltamethrin (dm) on hepatic cytochrome p450 (cyt p450) monooxygenase were examined in adult carp. the in vivo experiments were carried out with 0.2 microgram/l dm at 20 degrees c. the changes in the hepatic microsomal cyt p450 content and the cyt p450-dependent monooxygenase activities were studied in dm-treated fish. although there were no changes in the cyt p450 content during the exposure time, after treatment for 24 h all the investigated ...	1997	9269084
polyploid-specific repetitive dna sequences from triploid ginbuna (japanese silver crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfi).	repetitive dna sequences (cal3ndr) in the genome of a triploid ginbuna (carassius auratus langsdorfi) were isolated from the drai digests of the genomic dna. this at-rich (61%) cal3ndr monomer was 137 bp in length. the nucleotide similarity among the monomers from the same individual was considerably high (above 97%). hybridization analyses revealed that the cal3ndr sequences were organized into tandem arrays. these dna sequences were present only in triploid and tetraploid ginbunas and were abs ...	1997	9265737
separation of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) thrombocytes by using a monoclonal antibody, and their aggregation by collagen.	a monoclonal antibody against carp peripheral blood leucocytes was produced, and its reactivity analysed by flow cytometry and electron microscopy. the antibody reacted positively with 10-35% of the cells in a fraction of lymphocytes and thrombocytes that was separated by flow cytometry. electron microscopy using immunogold labelling showed that this antibody reacted strongly with thrombocytes, but not with other leucocytes. by using a magnetic separator, leucocytes that were positive and negati ...	1997	9261970
elimination of pcbs from heavily contaminated carp (cyprinus carpio l) in clean water-depuration study.		1997	9256400
characterization of a t cell lineage marker in carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	a monoclonal antibody against thymocytes (wcl9; of igg1 class) was produced by immunization of mice with isolated membrane molecules of carp thymocytes. flow cytometric and fluorescence microscopic analysis showed that wcl9 was reactive with 30-50% of thymocytes and not with lymphoid cells from blood, pronephros, spleen and intestine. cryo-sections of thymus showed a wcl9+ and wcl9- region in 3-month-old fish and only wcl9+ cells in 1-week-old fish. because the wcl9- region is more medulla-like, ...	2015	9241487
inhibitory effects of microcystis aeruginosa toxin on ion pumps of the gill of freshwater fish.	a microsomal fraction enriched in ion pump enzymes was isolated from the gill of the carp (cyprinus carpio linneo). mg(2+)-dependent (na+ + k+), na+, hco3- and ca(2+)-stimulated atpase activities were studied following treatment with microcystin-lr-like toxin, the major toxic component isolated from microcystis aeruginosa culture. these enzyme activities were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. the maximum inhibition of each enzyme, induced with nm concentration of the toxin, was similar to th ...	1994	9237344
cloning and characterization of pejerrey mitochondrial dna and its application for rflp analysis	probes were cloned, characterized, and developed for all regions of the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) of pejerrey odontesthes bonariensis to provide the basis for the study of genetic diversity of south american atherinopsinii and to enable species identification from small amounts of tissue. the mtdna was extracted from liver and cleaved with eco ri, producing four fragments (7·4, 3·4, 3·1 and 2·9 kb) which were cloned using puc118 plasmid vectors. sequence analysis from ...	1997	9236099
use of seasonally flooded marshes by fish in a mediterranean wetland: timing and demographic consequences	in the camargue (southern france), movements of fish between a canal and two seasonally flooded marshes were monitored continuously by fish traps for 3 years for one marsh and for 2 years for the other. the timing of the entry and exit of the main species was determined together with species annual demographic balance, defined as the difference between the number of fish leaving and the number of fish entering. only some of the species inhabiting the canal colonized the marshes. except those spe ...	1997	9236092
differential scanning calorimetry and cd spectrometry of acclimation temperature-associated types of carp light meromyosin.	differential scanning calorimetry and cd spectrometry were employed to study the thermal unfolding of light meromyosin (lmm) prepared from carp acclimated to different temperatures. the transition temperatures given by the major peaks at ph 8.0 in 0.6 m kcl for lmm from carp acclimated to 10 degrees c were 32.5 and 39.5 degrees c with the calorimetric enthalpies (deltahcal) of 269 and 52 kcal/mol, respectively. lmm from carp acclimated to 20 degrees c exhibited three peaks of transition temperat ...	1997	9230050
the 102 kda chicken liver acid phosphatase: dimeric structure, glycoprotein nature and immunological properties.	in this study we isolated a highly purified, homogeneous high molecular weight (hmw) acpase (mr 102 kda) from the chicken liver. this enzyme was shown to be a slightly acidic (pi 5.0-6.1), dimeric sialoglycoenzyme, composed of two equivalent subunits. its sugar moiety, characterized by interactions with specific lectins, was shown to be composed of hybrid and complex type of carbohydrate chains. heterogeneity of the high molecular weight acpase arising from variations of the sugar components was ...	1997	9226888
cloning and sequencing of a full-length sea bream (sparus aurata) beta-actin cdna.	a full-length cdna clone encoding beta-actin (beta-actin) was isolated from a sea bream (sparus aurata) liver cdna library. sequencing of this clone reveals an open reading frame encoding a 375 amino acid protein that shares a high degree of conservation to other known actins. the sea bream beta-actin sequence showed 98% identity to carp and human beta-actin and 95% and 94% identity to sea squirt and dictyostelium cytoplasmic actins, respectively.	1997	9226879
an important developmental role for oligosaccharides during early embryogenesis of cyprinid fish.	derivatives of chitin oligosaccharides have been shown to play a role in plant organogenesis at nanomolar concentrations. here we present data which indicate that chitin oligosaccharides are important for embryogenesis in vertebrates. we characterize chitin oligosaccharides synthesized in vitro by zebrafish and carp embryos in the late gastrulation stage by incorporation of radiolabeled n-acetyl-d-[u14c]glucosamine and by hplc in combination with enzymatic conversion using the bradyrhizobium nod ...	1997	9223299
off pathway is preferentially suppressed by the activation of gaba(a) receptors in carp retina.	this study examines the effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) on the on and off pathways in isolated, superfused carp retina. in most (76%) of amacrine cells bath-applied gaba preferentially suppressed the off response. the effect of gaba was blocked by bicuculline. baclofen did not cause a similar effect. furthermore, gaba produced a substantial suppression of the off bipolar cell response. we conclude that the preferential suppression of the off pathway may be due to a presynaptic inhibitio ...	1997	9219876
water household of the common carp, cyprinus carpio, when submitted to an osmotic challenge, as determined by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging at 7 t.	in vivo diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (mri) was used to determine the effects of an osmotic challenge (1% nacl) to a freshwater fish, the common carp (cyprinus carpio). the imaged region covered organs such as the swimbladder, the liver, the kidney, the intestine, the spinal cord, and muscle tissue. a striking difference between salt-treated and control fish was found in the liver. the apparent diffusion coefficient value of livers from control fish was (0.39 +/- 0.16) 10(-9) m2/ ...	1997	9219174
activator effect of coinjected enhancers on the muscle-specific expression of promoters in zebrafish embryos.	the transient expression of reporter gene constructs in embryos provides a powerful tool to characterise cis-acting transcriptional elements of the genes involved in development. in the present study, we have analysed the expression pattern of several muscle-specific and ubiquitous regulatory sequences in microinjected zebrafish embryos. by using a fast and reproducible coinjection strategy, the mosaic expression of lacz reporter gene was monitored in wholemount embryos injected with sequences c ...	1997	9211424
isolation of transforming growth factor-beta2 cdna from a fish, cyprinus carpio by rt-pcr.	transforming growth factors-beta (tgf-betas) have been described in many vertebrate species of amphibians, aves and mammals. in this report we demonstrate the presence of tgf-beta2 in pisces. tgf-beta2 has been cloned from a fish, cyprinus carpio, by rt-pcr using degenerate oligonucleotide primers. sequence analysis of the amplified product and alignment of the deduced amino acid sequence with the human tgf-beta2 amino acid sequence revealed 81% and 93% identity in the precursor and the mature r ...	1997	9210595
structural differences in the crossbridge head of temperature-associated myosin subfragment-1 isoforms from carp fast skeletal muscle.	we determined the primary structures of the three acclimation-temperature-associated isoforms of myosin subfragment-1 heavy chain from fast skeletal muscle of thermally acclimated carp. these isoforms were cloned by extending 5'-regions of cdnas that encode the rod part of myosin heavy chain specifically expressed in 10 degrees c- and 30 degrees c-acclimated carp, together with the region that encodes an intermediate structure [imai, j., hirayama, y., kikuchi, k., kakinuma, m. & watabe, s. (1997 ...	1997	9208928
organophosphate effects on antioxidant system of carp (cyprinus carpio) and catfish (ictalurus nebulosus).	the effect of the organophosphate insecticide dichlorvos on antioxidant enzymes and other oxidative and redox parameters of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) and catfish (ictalurus nebulosus) were studied. changes in superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and in the case of carp acetylcholinesterase activities were studied in tissue homogenates. other parameters studied: changes of lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione and the amounts of two radicals, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals ...	1997	9206589
substrate specificity of carp cyprinus carpio cathepsin h with methylcoumarylamide substrates.	cathepsin h was purified from the crude extract of carp (cyprinus carpio) hepatopancreas by a reformed method involving six stages, and the specific activity increased about 11,500-fold with a 23% recovery. of varying fluorescent synthetic substrates tested, carp cathepsin h possessed an ability to hydrolyze four n-terminal unblocked substrates those are composed of a single amino acid bound to 4-methylcoumaryl-7-amide (mca), namely leu-mca, arg-mca, lys-mca and ala-mca. in contrast the enzyme w ...	1997	9206588
melatonin levels in the gastrointestinal tissues of fish, amphibians, and a reptile.	melatonin was detected by radioimmunoassay in the gastrointestinal tract (git) of several species of fish (sturgeon, rainbow trout, carp), amphibians (axolotl, leopard frog, bullfrog), and one reptile (red-sided garter snake), which were sacrificed during the daytime. the highest levels of melatonin were detected in the snake [means = 1018 pg/g stomach, 328 pg/g proximal gut (pg), 511 distal gut (dg)] and carp (means = 102 pg/g stomach, 146 pg/g pg and 141 pg/g dg). lowest levels were found in t ...	1997	9204376
neuroendocrine effects on adrenal hormone secretion in carp (cyprinus carpio).	the responses of interrenal and chromaffin tissues of carp to acetylcholine (ach) and its agonists/antagonists were studied in an in vitro perifusion system of head kidney. there was a dose-dependent release of epinephrine and norepinephrine to ach between 0.01 and 100 mm added for 15 min to the incubation medium. cortisol secretion was also stimulated, but the response peaked at 1.0 mm ach and was attenuated with 10 or 100 mm ach. the maximal release occurred about 30 min after addition of the ...	1997	9204364
production of fish chimeras from embryonic cells.	the efficiency of two cell-transplantation methods were compared for the production of embryonic cell derived fish chimeras. the classic microinjection technique (blastula stage donor cells are microinjected into blastula embryos) was compared to a novel aggregation method for fish developed by our group. this method utilises the ability of dechorionated fish embryos to aggregate. morula cells dissociated in ca2+, mg2+ free medium were aggregated to recipient embryos of different developmental s ...	1997	9199704
morphometry of the kidneys of fresh water percoid and ostariophysian teleosts.	kidneys of four fresh water teleost species representing percormorpha (oreochromis niloticus and micropterus salmoides) and ostariophysi (cyprinus carpio and clarias mossambicus) were studied for quantitative structural characteristics using tissues fixed by perfusion. the renosomatic index (weight of kidney/weight of fish) was higher in the ostariophysian than percoid fish (p < 0.05) but values of volume of nephronic tissue/body weight were not significantly different. results obtained by point ...	1997	9199699
effects of diethyl-dithiocarbamate on antioxidant system in carp tissue.	the influence the pro- and antioxidant values the diethyl-dithiocarbamate (ddtc) in different concentrations in carp tissues was studied. from antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathion peroxidase activity changes were studied in tissue homogenates. beside enzyme activities tissue lipid peroxidation (lp), reduced glutathione (gsh) and hydroxyl radical loading of the tissues were measured. our results indicate that ddtc affects antioxidant parameters by generating gsh excess ...	1997	9199696
effects of nitric oxide on the horizontal cell network and dopamine release in the carp retina.	in the teleost retina the intercellular messenger nitric oxide can be synthesized by several cell types including cone photoreceptors and h1 horizontal cells, indicating a modulatory role within the outer plexiform layer, the first stage of the visual information processing. therefore, the aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of nitric oxide on the physiology of cone horizontal cells in the intact retina. the nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside (0.5-2.5 mm) enhanced the light respo ...	1997	9196728
quantitative distributions of different cholinesterases and inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by metidathion and paraquat in alimentary canal of common carp.	1. the cholinesterases play an important role in the innervation of organs. the ratio of solubilized to membrane-bound cholinesterase and the quantitative distributions of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase were measured in different segments of the gut of carp (cyprinus carpio) connected with different types of nerve-muscle synapses in different parts of the alimentary tract. 2. the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (ec 3.1.1.7.) by the herbicide paraquat and the insecticide metida ...	1997	9195193
temperature modulation of the response of ig-positive cells to goussia carpelli (protozoa: apicomplexa) infections in carp, cyprinus carpio l.	the influence of temperature on the kinetics of immunoglobulin-positive (ig+) leukocytes in cell suspensions prepared from the pronephros and the intestine of common carp cyprinus carpio during the development of goussia carpelli, a gut-dwelling coccidian parasite, was examined. the development of the parasite was temperature dependent. at 20 c, oocysts were formed 2-3 wk postexposure (pb), at 15 c for 3-4 wk pe, and at 12 c for 5-6 wk pe. at all 3 temperatures, changes of relative numbers of ig ...	1997	9194823
rhabdovirus-induced apoptosis in a fish cell line is inhibited by a human endogenous acid cysteine proteinase inhibitor.	to determine the mechanisms of cell death in rhabdovirus-infected cells, we studied the infection of the epithelial papilloma of carp cell line with spring viremia of carp virus. studies using electron microscopy, confocal microscopy, and agarose gel electrophoresis revealed changes in cell morphology and dna fragmentation indicative of apoptosis. the virus-induced apoptosis was inhibited in cells treated with a human endogenous acid cysteine proteinase inhibitor.	1997	9188644
sequence characterization of gamma-crystallins from lip shark (chiloscyllium colax): existence of two cdnas encoding gamma-crystallins of mammalian and teleostean classes.	gamma-crystallin is a common lens protein of most vertebrate eye lenses and the major protein component in lenses of fishes and in many mammalian species during embryonic and neonatal stages. to facilitate the structural characterization of gamma-crystallin possessing extensive charge heterogeneity, a cdna mixture was constructed from the poly(a)+ mrna isolated from shark eye lenses, and amplification by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was carried out to obtain cdnas encoding multiple shark gamm ...	1997	9188069
comparative studies on omega-hydroxylation of 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha-triol in the mitochondrial and microsomal fraction of the liver from several vertebrates.	the activity and the stereospecificity of omega-hydroxylation, a hydroxylation at one of the two terminal methyl groups of 5 beta-cholestane-3 alpha, 7 alpha, 12 alpha-triol, which is thought to be the first step in side-chain degradation resulting in the formation of cholic acid, was elucidated in mitochondria and microsomes of the liver from several evolutionarily primitive vertebrates, fish, frogs, turtles, and chickens in addition to such mammals as rats. hamsters, and rabbits. the detection ...	1997	9185292
reciprocal translocation 4;11 with both adjacent-1 segregants viable within a family.	we describe a family carrying a balanced 4;11 translocation in which both adjacent-1 segregants are viable. the proband had an unbalanced karyotype: 46,xy,der(11)t(4;11)(q34.3;q23.1)mat. at 8.5 years of age he showed trigonocephaly, hypertelorism, epicanthal folds, down-slanting palpebral fissures, low-set ears, anteverted nares, down-turned carp-shaped mouth, and bilateral fifth finger clinodactyly. his maternal aunt was also dysmorphic with high-arched palate, short philtrum and mild developme ...	1997	9184247
effects of chelation on the bioconcentraton of cadmium and copper by carp (cyprinus carpio l.).		1997	9184051
spontaneous formation of intercellular bile canaliculi and hybrid biliary-pancreatic canaliculi in co-culture of hepatocytes and exocrine pancreas cells from carp.	when cultured together in a primary serum-free hormone-free system, hepatocytes and exocrine pancreas cells from the carp, cyprinus carpio, spontaneously establish unique morphological structures that do not occur in vivo. these structures include intercellular bile canaliculi between neighbouring hepatocytes and hybrid canaliculi between hepatocytes and pancreas cells. in vivo, carp hepatocytes form only unicellular bile canaliculi; hybrid canaliculi between hepatocytes and exocrine pancreas ce ...	1997	9182614
a second type of rod opsin cdna from the common carp (cyprinus carpio).	a second type of rhodopsin cdna from carp (crh-ii) shared 97.2% polynucleotide identity with the previously reported crh-i. the deduced amino acid sequences of crh-i and crh-ii exhibited 98.6% identity. the key difference between these two types of crh is that valine at position 169 of crh-i was replaced by glutamic acid in crh-ii. southern blot analysis of genomic dna showed that there were two types of crh gene. these two rod opsin genes were proven to be expressed in carp retinas by using rt- ...	1997	9177476
sarcolemmal ca influx through l-type ca channels in ventricular myocytes of a teleost fish.	the whole cell patch clamp method was used to measure ca current through l-type ca channels in enzymatically isolated ventricular myocytes of crucian carp (carassius carassius l.) heart. fish were acclimated to 22 degrees c for more than 4 wk, and properties of ca current were measured at room temperature (21 +/- 1 degrees c). depolarizing voltage steps from -50 mv evoked rapidly activating ca currents, which exhibited a bell-shaped voltage dependence with peak amplitude at 0 mv. the currents we ...	1997	9176334
vip-like immunoreactivity in the intestinal tract of fish with different feeding habits.	we studied the distribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide immunoreactive (vip-ir) cells and fibres in the intestine of three fish species with different feeding habits: the silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix), the goldfish (carassius auratus), and the pumpkinseed sunfish (lepomis gibbosus). each species was divided into two groups: (1) fish fed once a day up until sacrifice and (2) fish fed once a day and then fasted three days before sacrifice. immunoreactive endocrine cells and fi ...	1997	9174846
[a comparative study of the morphofunctional changes in the thyroid of carp and rats as a result of being in an environment with an elevated lead level].	it has been noticed that the morphofunctional organization of the thyroid gland is similar in representatives of two different classes of vertebrates: in fishes and in rats. exposure of experimental animals to ecological factors with increased lead levels was followed by a phase response (activation, depression) of various structural elements of the thyroid gland. obvious differences in morphofunctional mechanisms of adaptation to chemical stress factors in fishes and rats were found. a possible ...	1997	9173625
desensitizing gabac receptors on carp retinal bipolar cells.	bicuculline- and baclofen-insensitive gaba receptors (gabac receptors) on bipolar cells acutely dissociated from carp retina were investigated with using the whole-cell patch-clamp recording technique. the currents of these cells mediated by gabac receptors showed striking desensitization, even at low concentrations of gaba. both the time constant tau of the gabac current decay and the extent of desensitization were significantly different from that of gabac receptors previously observed in othe ...	1997	9172130
the in vitro effect of khawia sinensis on leucocyte activity in carp (cyprinus carpio).	the interactions between khawia sinensis (cestoda: caryophyllidea), a pathogenic tapeworm of carp, and host leucocytes has been investigated in vitro by monitoring blastogenesis in pronephric, splenic and thymic lymphocytes and apoptosis of pronephric leucocytes. both parasite homogenate and excretory/secretory (e/s) products were found to suppress lymphocyte blastogenesis at high concentrations (346.6-98.8 microg ml-1) whilst cell stimulation occurred at low concentrations (49.4-19.8 microg ml- ...	1997	9166442
characterization of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-i ovarian receptors during the reproductive cycle of carp (cyprinus carpio).	insulin and insulin-like growth factor-i (igf-i) receptors were characterized in glycoprotein fractions prepared by wheat germ agglutinin-agarose affinity chromatography from the ovaries of carp. insulin-specific overall binding in carp ovaries was 6- to 11-fold lower than igf-i binding (2.7 +/- 0.48% vs. 22.8 +/- 3.6% per 20 microg glycoprotein). cold igf-i displaced radiolabeled igf-i binding in doses 1000- to 3000-fold lower than cold insulin. on the other hand, cold insulin displaced radiola ...	1997	9160710
ketone body metabolism in the carp cyprinus carpio: biochemical and 1h nmr spectroscopical analysis.	in fed and starved carp, cyprinus carpio, ketone body metabolism and those metabolic and endocrine factors that are known to induce ketogenesis in starving mammals were investigated. acetoacetate was detected in plasma and liver of both fed and starved carp. we could not detect 3-hydroxybutyrate, neither by 1h-nmr spectroscopy nor by spectrophotometric assay, in spite of low activities of hepatic 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase. starvation of carp did not create metabolic conditions that would f ...	1997	9159888
purification and characterization of myofibril-bound serine proteinase from carp cyprinus carpio ordinary muscle.	1. a novel myofibril-bound serine proteinase (mbp) has been purified from ordinary muscle of the carp cyprinus carpio. 2. it was solubilized from the myofibril fraction with acid treatment (under the conditions of 0.6 m kcl, ph 4.0), then purified by column chromatographic steps on ultrogel aca 54, and arginine-sepharose 4b. 3. the purified enzyme revealed a single protein band on sds-page, and its molecular mass was estimated to be 30 kda by sds-page and gel filtration. 4. the optimum ph and te ...	1997	9159882
fin cell line from isogeneic ginbuna crucian carp.		1997	9156334
purification and cloning of carp nephrosin, a secreted zinc endopeptidase of the astacin family.	we have purified a secreted proteinase of 23 kda from carp head kidney by sequential column chromatography on a reactive blue 72-agarose dye affinity column and an fplc mono-p column. the secretion of this proteinase from carp head kidney can be stimulated by high concentrations of potassium. since the carp proteinase is present mainly in the head kidney, kidney, and spleen (all of which are lymphohematopoietic organs), it is named nephrosin. the carp nephrosin is most sensitive to metal chelato ...	1997	9153232
molecular cloning and growth hormone-regulated gene expression of carp insulin-like growth factor-i.	two distinct insulin-like growth factor-i (igf-i) cdnas were isolated from a juvenile carp liver cdna library. both of the cdnas encoded a full length prepro igf-i with 161 amino acids: a mature peptide (70 residues), its signal peptide (44 residues), and a carboxy-terminal e domain (47 residues). the similarity of the two cdna in the open reading frame was 95.1%. the amino acid sequences of e domain predicted by the two cdnas were different while those of the signal peptide and the mature pepti ...	1997	9137817
flow cytometric determination of intracellular free potassium concentration.	a flow cytometric assay has been developed for determination of intracellular free potassium concentration ([k+]i). investigated cells, loaded with the fluorescent ph indicator 2',7bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5(and-6)-carboxyfluorescein (bcecf), are incubated in the presence of nigericin, and the intracellular ph is measured. the ionophore maintains the same ratio value [h+]/[k+] on both sides of the cytoplasmic membrane, so [k+]i can be evaluated from the measured intracellular ph (phi) and the known ...	1997	9136754
recombinant gilthead seabream (sparus aurata) insulin-like growth factor-i: subcloning, expression in escherichia coli, purification and characterization.	gilthead seabream (sparus aurata) insulin-like growth factor-i (gsigf-i) cdna coding for the mature protein was cloned in a pgem-3z vector, and then transferred into prokaryotic expression vector pet-11a and expressed in escherichia coli bl21(de3) cells upon induction with isopropyl thiogalactoside. the expressed protein contained within the inclusion-body pellet was solubilized in 4.5 m urea, refolded for 24 h at ph 11.3 in the presence of catalytic amounts of cysteine and purified to over 98% ...	1997	9135579
perceptual brightness space in the carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	an instrumental differentiation method was used to study the discrimination of the intensities of black/white (over the range 0.0082-0.214 w/m2; coordinates in the cie-31 system: x = 0.340, y = 0.354) and red (over the range 0.0035-0.106 w/m2; coordinates in the cie-31 system: x = 0.641, y = 0.342) stimuli in two carp fish (cyprinus carpio l.). confusion matrices were constructed using the probabilities of instrumental responses (bead seizing) on selection from a pair of stimuli (a conditioned s ...	1997	9109111
the cdna sequences of cytochrome c oxidase subunit via from carp and rainbow trout suggest the absence of isoforms in fishes.	the cdnas of subunit via of cytochrome c oxidase from rainbow trout liver and carp heart are presented, revealing 82% identity of their deduced amino acid sequences. the two cdnas are evolutionary equally distant from the livertype (vial) and heart-type (viah) of mammalian subunit via. the data suggest that in ectotherm fishes no isoforms of subunit via occur, and that the postulated tissue-specific mechanism of thermogenesis in mammals, based on interaction of atp with subunit viah (frank, v. a ...	1997	9107314
insulin and insulin-like growth factor-i (igf-i) binding in fish red muscle: regulation by high insulin levels.	insulin and igf-i binding to semi-purified red muscle receptors was characterized in brown trout, salmo trutta and the common carp. cyprinus carpio. the yield of glycoprotein obtained after semipurification of receptors with wga-agarose affinity chromatography in microgram g-1 initial tissue was 210.6 +/- 21 micrograms g-1 in trout and 108.5 +/- 2.5 micrograms g-1 in carp. igf-i specific binding (4.72 +/- 0.64%/10 micrograms glycoprotein) was 4-5-times higher than insulin binding (1.04 +/- 0.12% ...	1997	9100285
role of extracellular and intracellular ph in carp sperm motility and modifications by hyperosmosis of regulation of the na+/h+ exchanger.	recently developed flow cytometric methods (trón et al.: mol immunol 27:1307-1311, 1990) to measure the intracellular ph (phi) and intracellular potassium concentration in mammalian cells by using the fluorescent ph-indicator dye 2',7bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5 (and-6)-carboxyfluorescein (bcecf) were adopted for measuring these parameters in carp sperm. the intracellular potassium concentration of the carp sperm was 62.4 +/- 5.3 mm. this is very similar to the potassium concentration of the seminal p ...	1997	9098630
breeding value and variance component estimation from data containing inbred individuals: application to gynogenetic families in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	under gynogenetic reproduction, offspring receive genes only from their dams and completely homozygous offspring are produced within one generation. when gynogenetic reproduction is applied to fully inbred individuals, homozygous clone lines are produced. a mixed model method was developed for breeding value and variance component estimation in gynogenetic families, which requires the inverse of the numerator relationship matrix. a general method for creating the inverse for a population with un ...	1997	9093872
amplification, cloning, and sequence comparison of the growth hormone gene for carp (cyprinus carpio) by the polymerase chain reaction.	total rna was isolated from carp pituitary gland. the first strand cdna was synthesized using oligo(dt) 12-18 as a primer, the total rna as a template, and amv reverse transcriptase. next the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was performed using the first strand cdna as a template, the synthetic 29 oligonucleotides as primer and taq dna polymerase (94 degrees c, 60 s; 55 degrees c, 30 s; 72 degrees c, 50 s; 35 cycles). after pcr amplification, the products were cloned into an e. coli expression ve ...	1996	9093758
nitric oxide, 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid and light/dark adaptation modulate short-wavelength-sensitive synaptic transmission to retinal horizontal cells.	light-induced changes in the input resistance (rin) of external, luminosity (i.e. h1) type horizontal cell (hc) perikarya were studied by the bridge-balance method in light-adapted and dark-adapted retinae of carp. changes in input resistance (delta rin) induced by short-(460 nm) and long-wavelength (674 nm) flashes, adjusted in intensity to elicit equal-amplitude membrane voltage responses (equal-voltage condition), were measured. in light-adapted retinae, long-wavelength stimuli increased rin ...	1997	9089700
characterization of antigens specific for spermatozoa and germ cells during early gonadal development of carp (cyprinus carpio, cyprinidae, teleostei) with monoclonal antibodies.		1996	9087770
expression of hoxb-3 in carp (cyprinus carpio) embryos.		1996	9087714
embryonic expression of carp-ovx1.		1996	9087713
identification and estimation of microcystins in freshwater mussels.	accumulation of microcystins mainly produced by cyanobacteria microcystis was investigated for freshwater mussels and fishes collected from a lake where heavy blooms of microcystis occurred every year. the identification of microcystins was performed by hplc equipped with a frit fab mass spectrometer. microcystins lr and rr were identified in the mussels unio douglasiae and anadonta woodiana, whereas no microcystin was identified by the present method in fishes, such as cyprinus carpio, carassiu ...	1997	9086457
production of amylase by the intestinal microflora in cultured freshwater fish.	the amylase-producing ability of the intestinal microflora in cultured specimens of ayu, carp, channel catfish, japanese eel and tilapia was determined. mean viable counts of aerobes and anaerobes ranged from 1.1 x 10(6) to 3.7 x 10(8) cfu g-1 and from 1.3 x 10(3) to 1.6 x 10(8) cfu g-1, respectively. aeromonas spp. and bacteroidaceae were predominant in four to five fish species. of 206 strains examined, 65 (31.6%) produced > or = 0.01 u amylase ml-1. the percentage of producers differed among ...	1997	9081303
the two essential light chains of carp fast skeletal myosin, lc1 and lc3, are encoded by distinct genes and change their molar ratio following temperature acclimation.	cdna libraries were constructed from fast skeletal muscles of carp acclimated to 10 and 30 degrees c for a minimum of 5 weeks and were screened for myosin alkali light chains, lc1 and lc3, using an anti-skipjack lc1 polyclonal antibody. two types of lc1 cdna clone were isolated and termed lc1a and lc1b: their nucleotide sequences showed 92% homology. the ratio of lc1a to lc1b cdna clones isolated was approximately 3:1, showing no apparent changes following temperature acclimation. the occurrence ...	1997	9076962
gonadotrophs but not somatotrophs carry gonadotrophin-releasing hormone receptors: receptor localisation, intracellular calcium, and gonadotrophin and gh release.	gonadotrophs are the primary target cells for gnrh in the pituitary. however, during a limited period of neonatal life in the rat, lactotrophs and somatotrophs respond to gnrh as well. also, in the adults of a number of teleost fishes (e.g. carp, goldfish, and tilapia but not trout), gnrh is a potent gh secretagogue. in studying hypophysiotrophic actions of the two forms of gnrh present in the african catfish (clarias gariepinus), chicken gnrh-ii ([his5,trp7,tyr8]gnrh; cgnrh-ii) and catfish gnrh ...	1997	9071965
growth hormone deficiency associated in the 18q deletion syndrome.	the 18q- syndrome is one of the commonest deletion syndromes. clinical characteristics are variable but may include: hypotonia, tapered digits, "carp-like" mouth, mental retardation, and hearing impairment. growth failure (gf; both weight and height < 3%) was reported in 80% of affected individuals. we evaluated growth hormone (gh) sufficiency in 5 18q- syndrome patients, 3 of whom had growth failure (< 3% weight and height); the remaining 2 had normal growth parameters. laboratory evaluation of ...	1997	9066876
a collagenolytic streptomycete.	a soil streptomycete (streptomyces sp. a11) degraded collagen isolated from bovine achilles tendon, calf skin, human placenta, carp swim bladder and rat tail tendon and released appreciable quantities of hydroxyproline. it also degraded hide powder and vegetable tanned leather. the organism was taxonomically characterized, compared with allied species, identified and designated as streptomyces wartii.	1996	9055634
contrasting strategies for anoxic brain survival--glycolysis up or down.	anoxia-tolerant turtles and carp (carassius) exhibit contrasting strategies for anoxic brain survival. in the turtle brain, the energy consumption is deeply depressed to the extent of producing a comatose-like state. brain metabolic depression is brought about by activating channel arrest to reduce ion flux and through the release of inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) and the upregulation of gabaa receptors. key glycolytic enzymes are down-regulated during prolonged anoxia. the result is ...	1997	9050250
the distribution of nitrerg neurons in the brain of carp and the effect of nos specific inhibitors on their nadph diaphorase activity.		1996	9044358
carp, a cardiac ankyrin repeat protein, is downstream in the nkx2-5 homeobox gene pathway.	to identify the molecular pathways that guide cardiac ventricular chamber specification, maturation and morphogenesis, we have sought to characterize factors that regulate the expression of the ventricular myosin light chain-2 gene, one of the earliest markers of ventricular regionalization during mammalian cardiogenesis. previously, our laboratory identified a 28 bp hf-la/mef-2 element in the mlc-2v promoter region, which confers cardiac ventricular chamber-specific gene expression during murin ...	1997	9043061
molecular cloning, structural analysis, and expression of carp zp2 gene.	the cdnas encoding carp zp2 homologous to winter flounder and mammalian zp2 were cloned. carp zp2 contains a tandemly repetitive domain and a nonrepetitive domain. a repeat is composed of 13 amino-acid residues whose consensus sequence is qqtsqqfqpqkpa/v. the length of the repetitive domain is highly variable, but that of the nonrepetitive domain is fairly constant among various cdnas. the termination codons of various cdnas appear at three different positions. three groups of cdnas were therefo ...	1997	9041128
conservation of an alpha 2 domain within the teleostean world, mhc class i from the rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss.	a full-length cdna clone (onmy-ua-c32) encoding a major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i heavy chain was isolated from a rainbow trout thymus cdna library. onmy-ua-c32 alpha i and iii extracellular domains were most similar to other salmonids (92 and 86% at the nucleotide and amino acid level) but interestingly the alpha ii domain is closer to that of the carp (74 and 73%) and zebrafish (75 and 70%). in addition, onmy-ua-c32 displays conservation of residues known to be essential for the ...	2006	9040984
immunogenetics of disease resistance in fish: a comparative approach.	the study of the genetic regulation of infectious disease resistance depends on the availability of inbred lines or selection lines of the species under investigation. the small numbers of such lines of fish has limited the strategy in teleosts to studies of associations between disease and immune/health traits. attempts to correlate genetic differences in immune responsiveness with survival after experimental challenge with pathogenic bacteria have failed to define immune parameters that can su ...	1996	9040980
terminal morphology of two branches arising from a single stem-axon of pretectal (psm) neurons in the common carp.	the induction of postsynaptic structures by presynaptic terminals is suggested in a teleost brain. neurons in the nucleus pretectalis superficialis pars magnocellularis (psm) in the common carp are known to send fibers to the corpus mamillare (cm) and the nucleus lateralis valvulae (nlv). individual axons of psm neurons bifurcate (or give off an axon collateral), both of which reach the target areas in the cm and nlv. the morphology of horseradish peroxidase-labeled terminals in the cm and nlv a ...	1997	9034898
carbonic anhydrase ii and carbonic anhydrase-related protein in the cerebellar cortex of normal and lurcher mice.	the developmental profiles of carbonic anhydrase ii (ca-ii) and a carbonic anhydrase related protein (carp) were studied in rat and mouse cerebella. enzyme histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridisation and western blotting were used to study the synthesis and expression of these enzymes in cerebellar sections from age matched control, ca-ii deficient and lurcher mice, the latter being characterised by purkinje cell degeneration. both ca-ii and carp were first found to be expressed ...	1997	9027408
cdna cloning of myosin heavy chain isoforms from carp fast skeletal muscle and their gene expression associated with temperature acclimation.	we have isolated cdna clones encoding fast skeletal muscle myosin heavy chains of carp acclimated to 10, 20 and 30 degrees c for over 5 weeks. all clones covered at least the full length of l-meromyosin, the c-terminal part of the myosin molecule. nucleotide sequence analysis on cdna clones showed three types of 3' untranslated sequences, demonstrating that carp expresses at least three myosin heavy chain isoforms in fast skeletal muscle in an acclimation-temperature-dependent manner. cdnas were ...	1997	9023993
effects and mechanisms of environmental temperature on carp (cyprinus carpio) anti-dnp antibody response and non-specific cytotoxic cell activity: a kinetic study.	the effect of environmental temperatures on immune competence was investigated in carp which were subjected to changes in water temperature. the activity of non-specific cytotoxic cells (ncc) against p815 target cells, and the anti-dnp antibody response were evaluated until day 56 after transfer. low environmental temperature (12 +/- 0.5 degrees c) enhanced ncc activity and decreased antibody production. in contrast a high environmental temperature (28 +/- 0.5 degrees c) was without effect on th ...	2013	9016387
distribution and variation of nv genes in fish rhabdoviruses.	the fish rhabdovirus infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv) contains a non-virion (nv) gene between the glycoprotein (g) and polymerase (l) genes on its rna genome. the present study investigated three other fish rhabdovirus genomes and found that the nv gene of hirame rhabdovirus is closely related to the nv of ihnv, whereas the viral haemorrhagic septicemia nv gene showed evidence of significant divergence. most importantly, spring viraemia of carp virus, the only vesiculovirus-like f ...	1997	9010293
cadmium-induced changes in the histology of kidneys in common carp, cyprinus carpio (cyprinidae).		1997	9008057
deltamethrin multifactorial activity toward carp larva mobility related to calcium, humic acids, and ph.	the toxicity of pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin was assessed by the "escaping capability" of carp larvae out of a trap. mobility was tested after 1, 4, and 12 hr exposure to eight deltamethrin concentrations in standard water and after 24 hr exposure to seven deltamethrin concentrations in 18 media derived from the combinations of ph levels of 6.9, 7.8, 9.0, calcium concentrations of 2 . 10(-4) and 2 . 10(-2) m, and humic acid concentrations on 0, 5 and 100 mg/liter. in standard water, a 1-h ...	1996	9007004
growth hormone-releasing hormone immunoreactivity in the brain, pituitary, and pineal of the goldfish, carassius auratus.	using antisera directed against carp growth hormone-releasing hormone (cghrh), the distribution of immunoreactive (ir) structures in the brain, pituitary, and pineal of the goldfish, carassius auratus, was investigated. the antisera were produced in rabbits by administration of cghrh(1-44)-nh(2) followed by cghrh(1-45)-oh for different periods of time, both coupled to human alpha-globulins via bisdiazotized benzidine as immunogen. immunoreactive perikarya were visualized in the nucleus preopticu ...	1996	8998965
cytokeratin-filament expression in epithelial and non-epithelial tissues of the common carp (cyprinus carpio).	cytokeratin expression in mammals is generally restricted to epithelial cells and has been utilized to differentiate epithelial from nonepithelial tissues in these species. since cytokeratins have been shown to be highly conserved during vertebrate evolution, the objective of the present study has been to ascertain the expression pattern of cytokeratins in tissues of the common carp (cyprinus carpio). a panel of 10 anti-human cytokeratin antibodies was evaluated using a streptavidin-biotin-perox ...	1997	8995209
adherence of carp leucocytes to adults and cercariae of the blood fluke sanguinicola inermis.	live adult and cercarial stages of sanguinicola inermis plehn, 1905 (trematoda:sanguinicolidae) were maintained in vitro in the presence of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) leucocytes. cells and parasites were fixed at intervals from 0.25 to 48 h and examined using light microscopy, sem and tem. within 12 h of exposure, leucocytes were found attached to cercariae although, by 24 h, fewer cells were found attached to postcercarial, juvenile adult stages that had shed their tails. neutrophils and macroph ...	1996	8991915
[changes in the blood morphofunctional characteristics of cyprinid fishes in ammonia poisoning].	changes in the carp blood and hemoglobin caused by action of threshold levels (0.1 mg/1 litre) of ammonia have been investigated. a decrease in the quantity of erythrocytes, increase in the amount of leucocytes and hematocrit are determined. concentration of oxyhemoglobin falls. general hemoglobin, desoxyhemoglobin and, particularly, methemoglobin increase. changes in the curve of dissociation of oxyhemoglobin with a shift to the right, which causes an increase in p50 are found. ammonia induces ...	1996	8991714
the use of enzyme-digested soybean residue for feeding common carp.	this experiment was an attempt to use the soybean residue derived from the production of "soy milk". the residue contains about 18% protein, 70% carbohydrates and 7.5% lipid as fish feed for rearing common carp, cyprinus carpio. there were 4 types of diets: (1) soybean residue, (2) soybean residue digested with papain, (3) soybean residue (64%) mixed with beef liver (34%) and (4) same mixture as (3) but digested with papain. the results indicate that the percentage increase in weight and length ...	1996	8988811
suggestion and veridicality in the reconstruction of sexual trauma, or can a bait of suggestion catch a carp of falsehood?	freud used the term suggestion in psychoanalysis in different ways, including suggestion as an integral part of the transference and suggestion in the sense of undue influence or technical error. this distinction can be expressed in terms of the patient's suggestibility (capacity for transference) and the analyst's unwarranted suggestion or persuasion representing countertransference, theoretical bias, or a departure from technical neutrality. whether suggestion is explicit or implicit, the effe ...	1996	8987016
stimulation of proliferation of an essential fatty acid-deficient fish cell line by c20 and c22 polyunsaturated fatty acids and effects on fatty acid composition.	recently we reported the development of a fish cell line, epc-efad, derived from the carp (cyprinus carpio) epithelial papilloma line, epc, that could survive and proliferate in essential fatty acid-deficient (efad) medium. the epc-efad cell line may be a useful model system in which to study the cellular biochemical effects of efa deficiency and has advantages in studies of polyunsaturated fatty acid (pufa) and eicosanoid metabolism in fish in that the complications introduced by culture in rel ...	1996	8981632