Publications

virulence and antigenic characteristics of a cultured rickettsiales-like organism isolated from farmed atlantic salmon salmo salar in eastern canada.	the present study describes culture, virulence and antigenic characteristics of a rickettsiales-like organism (rlo) associated with mortality in farmed atlantic salmon in eastern canada. clinical disease was reproduced in naive atlantic salmon parr by intraperitoneal i.p. inoculation with kidney homogenate from naturally infected fish. pure cultures of rlo were isolated into chinook salmon embryo (chse) cells from kidney of experimentally infected fish. the rlo caused cytopathic effect in cultur ...	1998	9653456
cloning of a full-length insulin-like growth factor-i complementary dna in the goldfish liver and ovary and development of a quantitative pcr method for its measurement.	five forms of insulin-like growth factor-i (igf-i) complementary dna (cdna) were isolated by pcr from goldfish liver and ovary, using primers based on common carp igf-i sequence. in the goldfish liver, we cloned and sequenced three igf-i forms (1,2, and 3), and elucidated the full-length cdna sequence using the 5'-and 3'-race. two igf-i forms (1 and 2) were cloned from the goldfish ovary and were found to have differences with respect to both size and nucleotide sequence compared to liver igf-i. ...	1998	9653021
characterisation of glucocorticoid receptors in peripheral blood leukocytes of carp, cyprinus carpio l.	binding studies with [3h]cortisol revealed the presence of a single class of cortisol-binding sites on carp peripheral blood leukocytes (pbl). these binding sites showed high affinity (kd of 3.8 nm) and low capacity (490 binding sites per cell), indicative of receptor binding. affinity for cortisone was 254-fold lower than for cortisol. affinity for the two synthetic glucocorticoids dexamethasone and triamcinolone acetonide (ta) was 4- and 10-fold higher than for cortisol, respectively. further ...	1998	9653016
blastoderm structure, cell migration and formation of the embryonic shield during gastrulation in the carp (cyprinus carpio); a scanning electron microscopic study.	this paper describes an ultrastructural study of the cell movements during the gastrulation of the common carp, cyprinus carpio, using scanning electron microscopy. the morphology of the deep cells was studied in several consecutive stages ranging from 0-100% epiboly. furthermore, the formation of the embryonic shield was followed from its earliest appearance at 50% epiboly onwards. this paper gives morphological evidence for the existence of two different pathways for involving and convergent m ...	1998	9651740
multigenerational study of the effects of consumption of pcb-contaminated carp from saginaw bay, lake huron, on mink. 3. estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor concentrations, and potential correlation with dietary pcb consumption.	mink (mustela vison) were fed diets containing ocean fish (control diet, 0.0 ppm polychlorinated biphenyls, pcbs) or saginaw bay carp to provide 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 ppm pcbs to examine the effect of pcbs on homeostasis of binding sites for ovarian steroid hormones. ranch-raised mink fed great lakes fish contaminated with pcbs, or treated with pcbs directly, have demonstrated reproductive impairment including anovulation, fetal resorption, delayed ovulation, increased gestation, and decreased litte ...	1998	9650573
multigenerational study of the effects of consumption of pcb-contaminated carp from saginaw bay, lake huron, on mink. 2. liver pcb concentration and induction of hepatic cytochrome p-450 activity as a potential biomarker for pcb exposure.	this study examined the effect of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) from saginaw bay (lake huron) carp on the hepatic cytochrome p-450 activity in mink (mustela vison). hepatic cytochrome p-450 activities are of interest for their possible use as biomarkers to indicate consumption and biological effects of pcbs in the environment. adult mink were fed diets containing ocean fish (control diet, 0.0 ppm) or saginaw bay carp toprovide 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 ppm pcbs. mink were bred after 3 mo of exposure, ...	1998	9650572
multigenerational study of the effects of consumption of pcb-contaminated carp from saginaw bay, lake huron, on mink. 1. effects on mink reproduction, kit growth and survival, and selected biological parameters.	this study was conducted to determine the multigenerational effects of consumption of pcb-contaminated carp (cyprinus carpio) from saginaw bay (lake huron) on mink (mustela vison) reproduction and health and to examine selected biomarkers as potential indicators of polyhalogenated hydrocarbon toxicity in mink. the mink were fed diets formulated to provide 0 (control), 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 ppm polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) through substitution of saginaw bay carp for ocean fish in the diets. to d ...	1998	9650571
qsar study of the toxicity of benzoic acids to vibrio fischeri, daphnia magna and carp.	the toxicities of benzoic acids to vibrio fischeri, daphnia magna and carp were measured. the results showed that the toxicity to v. fischeri and daphnia decreased in the order of bromo > chloro > fluoro approximately equal to aminobenzoic acids. the toxicity of substituted benzoic acids to carp and daphnia was much lower that to v. fischeri. the results also showed that the toxicity of benzoic acids to daphnia decreased as the ph increased. it is suggested that ionized and non-ionized forms hav ...	1998	9646529
histopathology of sanguinicola inermis infection in carp, cyprinus carpio.	the histopathological response of carp to sanguinicola inermis was investigated by serial sectioning laboratory infected fish up to 90 days post infection (d p.i.). juvenile flukes and adults caused mechanical damage to tissues during invasion and migration up to 28 d p.i. adults partially occluded blood vessels and may have reduced blood circulation. in the initial phase of egg production (28-42 d p.i.), eggs and emigrating miracidia in gill tissue caused breakdown of vascular integrity, necros ...	1998	9639898
[a novel conservative structure found in the carp mitochondrial trna(phe) gene].	a nucleotide sequence for the trna(phe) gene of carp mitochondria was determined. sequence data comparisons made among the whale, human, xenopus laevis, bovine, mouse, chicken and carp, showed that a novel conservative structure was found in the d. stem (dihydrouridine stem), which was known had variant nucleotides in any other vertebrate mitochondrial trna and cytoplasmic trna genes. this conservative structures contains 13 bp. when we compared the front 7 bp of the conservative structure with ...	1996	9639812
in vitro cell-mediated cytotoxicity against allogeneic erythrocytes in ginbuna crucian carp and goldfish using a non-radioactive assay.	cell-mediated cytotoxicity of clonal ginbuna crucian carp leukocytes against allogeneic erythrocytes is described using a sensitive non-radioactive in vitro assay. hemoglobin released from target erythrocytes after cell-mediated erythrolysis was detected by tetramethylbenzidine (tmb). tmb assay showed clear correlation with a 51cr-release assay and even exhibited higher cytotoxicity. the use of erythrocytes as target cells has several advantages over a conventional 51cr-release assay. erythrocyt ...	2015	9639089
influence of phenoxyherbicides and their metabolites on the form of oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin of vertebrates.	the effect of phenoxyherbicides and their metabolites on the structure of oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin was studied by using different doses and times of incubation of hemoglobin with the herbicide. it was ascertained that among the investigated hemoglobins the most sensitive was carp oxyhemoglobin incubated with 2,4-d (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and the least sensitive was human hemoglobin. comparing the toxicity of 2,4-d, mcpa (2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid), 2,4-dcp (2,4-dichlorophenol) ...	1998	9635129
effects of light and dark environment on regeneration of carp optic nerves.		1998	9628814
functional enzymes activity and gill histology of carp after copper sulfate exposure and recovery.	copper sulfate is one of the most widely used algicides for the control of phytoplankton in lakes, reservoirs, and ponds. it is also used for aquatic weed control. to study the toxic effects of copper on carp (cyprinus carpio l.), toxicity tests were carried out. fish recovery in copper-free water was followed. after a 14-day period of exposure to five concentrations of copper sulfate (0.25-4.0 mg/l cuso4, values ranging from approximately 5 to 70% of the 96-h lc-50) and a recovery period of the ...	2013	9626535
distribution of connexin43 immunoreactivity in the retinas of different vertebrates.	the distribution of connexin43 (cx43) was examined by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence microscopy in the retinas of five different vertebrates by using a c-terminal specific peptide antibody. the specificity of the antibody was proved on immunoblots, in which it showed cross reactivity with a 43-kda protein in rat heart homogenates as well as in homogenates of rabbit, rat, chicken, turtle, and fish (carp and zebrafish) retinas. immunofluorescence histochemistry with retinal cryosections rev ...	1998	9624586
[ultrastructural organization of cardiomyocytes in various lower vertebrates].	electron microscopy was used to study myocardium in cyprinus carpio, bufo bufo and lacerta agilis. myofibrils, mitochondria, nuclei and secretory granules in cardiomyocytes (cmc) of atrium and ventricle were analyzed quantitatively. amphibians and reptiles showed significant complication of both structural organization of cmc and intercellular contacts versus bony fish. the absence of t-systems in bony fish was noted.	1998	9621323
retinoic acid has light-adaptive effects on horizontal cells in the retina.	ambient light conditions affect the morphology of synaptic elements within the cone pedicle and modulate the spatial properties of the horizontal cell receptive field. we describe here that the effects of retinoic acid on these properties are similar to those of light adaptation. intraorbital injection of retinoic acid into eyes of dark-adapted carp that subsequently were kept in complete darkness results in the formation of numerous spinules at the terminal dendrites of horizontal cells, a typi ...	1998	9618552
indications for a distinct putative t cell population in mucosal tissue of carp (cyprinus carpio l.).	a monoclonal antibody against carp intestinal t cells (wcl38; of igm class) was produced by immunization of mice with isolated membrane molecules of carp intestinal intraepithelial lymphoid cells. flow cytometric analysis showed that wcl38 reacted with 50-70% of the lymphoid cells isolated from intestine, gills or skin, with less than 6% of lymphoid cells isolated from thymus, head kidney or spleen and with a negligible number of pbl. wcl38+ cells were abundant in the intestinal epithelium and l ...	2015	9617584
stress responsiveness of the pituitary-interrenal axis during early life stages of common carp (cyprinus carpio).	whole-body levels of acth, alpha-msh and cortisol in eggs and larvae of the common carp (cyprinus carpio) were determined periodically up until 168 h after fertilisation. acth, alpha-msh and cortisol immunoreactivity was detected in unfertilised eggs, and endogenous production of acth and alpha-msh was observed 24 h after fertilisation and that of cortisol 36 h after fertilisation. acth immunoreactivity reached peak levels before hatching (56-72 h after fertilisation) and remained relatively sta ...	1998	9614366
cultivation of bloodstream forms of trypanosoma carassii, a common parasite of freshwater fish.	trypanosoma carassii (syn. t. danilewskyi) is a widespread parasite of carp and other cyprinid as well as some noncyprinid freshwater fish. it lives extracellularly in the blood and tissues of its hosts, causing chronic infections. in this paper the isolation of t. carassii from fish blood and the propagation and cloning of bloodstream forms in vitro are described. by several criteria, cultured and fish-derived trypomastigotes are indistinguishable. the culture system should be useful for the bi ...	1998	9610629
existence of two isoforms of extracellular signal-regulated kinase in fish.	full-length cdnas for extracellular signal-regulated kinases (erk1 and erk2) were isolated from a carp ovary cdna library. the deduced amino acid sequences of carp erk1 (cerk1) and erk2 (cerk2) exhibited high degrees of homology to the known sequences of the erk group. northern blot analysis showed that cerk1 mrna was not expressed in a tissue-specific manner, though the level of expression of cerk2 mrna varied among tissues. western blot analysis of the brain, kidney, and ovary confirmed the ex ...	1998	9603989
fish lesions in the chesapeake bay: pfiesteria-like dinoflagellates and other etiologies.	ulcerative lesions and mass mortalities of atlantic estuarine fish, particularly menhaden (brevoortia tyrannus), have been associated with exposure to pfiesteria-like dinoflagellates and their toxins. we collected fish from the chicamacomico river, maryland, and observed solitary ulcerative lesions on the majority of menhaden sampled. one striped bass (morone saxatilis) had an area of reddening around the base of the dorsal fin. bluegill (lepomis machrochirus), channel catfish (ictalurus punctat ...	1998	9601194
[swallowed and impacted carp fish-hook in a dog].		1997	9599163
effects of gamma irradiation on the flavor composition of food commodities.	fifteen food products including potato, sweet potato, shallot, onion, garlic, ginger, papaya, mango, rice, tobacco, small red bean, mungbean, soybean, wheat, flour and spices have been approved for irradiation by the national health administration in taiwan. market tests (wu et al., 1996) provided strong proof that taiwanese consumers would accept irradiated foods. however, researchers in the food industry are concerned about the possibility of chemical changes, especially in volatile compositio ...	1998	9598207
gaba modulates color-opponent bipolar cells in carp retina.	in the present work, the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) were examined while recording intracellularly from color-opponent bipolar cells in the isolated, superfused carp retina. bath-applied gaba differentially suppressed light responses of r/g cells, which depolarized and hyperpolarized, respectively, in response to red and green flashes, and g/r cells, which showed the opposite responses. in either r/g or g/r cells, the response driven by input from red cones was invariably suppresse ...	1998	9593968
thermal unfolding of three acclimation temperature-associated isoforms of carp light meromyosin expressed by recombinant dnas.	differential scanning calorimetry (dsc) was performed to investigate thermodynamic properties of three carp fast skeletal light meromyosin (lmm) isoforms expressed in escherichia coli by recombinant dnas. three isoforms were the 10 degreesc-, intermediate-, and 30 degreesc-type lmm predominantly expressed in carp acclimated to 10, 20, and 30 degreesc. the isoforms expressed in e. coli by recombinant dnas exhibited a typical pattern of alpha-helix in cd spectroscopy with two minima at 222 and 208 ...	1998	9572878
modulation of chromatic difference in receptive field size of h1 horizontal cells in carp retina: dopamine- and apb-sensitive mechanisms.	chromatic aspects of receptive field size in the h1 horizontal cell syncytium of the carp retina were investigated using spectral photostimuli (blue or red) presented in the form of either a pair of a small spot and annulus, or a narrow moving slit. in the light-adapted retina, the receptive field for the blue stimulus was found to be significantly smaller than that for the red, i.e. there was a chromatic difference in the receptive field size. during the course of dark adaptation, the overall r ...	1998	9572576
growth hormone, gonad development, and steroid levels in female carp.	the pituitary and plasma growth hormone (gh) levels of female carp (cyprinus carpio l.) were measured in fish of various sizes and degrees of maturity, and were matched against the levels of 17 beta-estradiol (e2), testosterone (t), 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17-p), and progesterone (p) in the ovary and plasma. the short-term action of the above hormones and 17 alpha, 20 beta-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20-p) on the release of gh was examined in vitro in primary culture pituitary cells. the ...	1996	9568360
site-specific lead distribution in scales of lead-administered carp (cyprinus carpio) by non-destructive sr-xrf analysis.	by utilizing non-destructive synchrotron radiation-excited x-ray fluorescence (sr-xrf), we observed the distribution of lead (pb) in both ontogenic and regenerating scales of lead-administrated carp, cyprinus carpio. the fish in the pb-administered group were fed pellets containing 1 mg/g of pb at a rate of 1.5% body weight per day for 30 days. in the ontogenic scales, pb was highly accumulated near the basal edge of the scale and the accumulated amount decreased toward the focus of the scale. o ...	1998	9566301
extrapiscine development of myxobolus drjagini akhmerov, 1954 (myxosporea: myxobolidae) in oligochaete alternative hosts.	the extrapiscine development of myxobolus drjagini, a myxosporean parasite of the head, operculum and buccal cavity of the silver carp (hypophthalmichthys molitrix), was studied in experimentally infected oligochaetes, tubifex tubifex. after infection of uninfected tubificids with mature spores of m. drajagini, development of actinosporean stages was first observed by light microscopy 27 days after infection. triactinomyxon stages of m. drjagini emerged from the worms after 91 days of intraoligo ...	1997	9557320
cadmium-induced scale deformation in carp (cyprinus carpio).		1998	9557205
effects of phorbol esters in carp (cyprinus carpio l).	carp (cyprinus carpio l) were fed diets containing phorbol esters at concentrations of 0, 3.75, 7.5, 15, 31, 62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1,000 micrograms/g feed. phorbol esters were from jatropha curcas nuts. jatropha curcas toxicity has been reported in humans, rodents and livestock, and phorbol esters have been identified as the main toxic agent. the adverse effects observed in carp at phorbol esters concentrations of 31 micrograms/g or higher were lower average metabolic growth rate, fecal mucus ...	1998	9554059
blastomeres and cells with mesendodermal fates of carp embryos express cth1, a member of the tis11 family of primary response genes.	the carp cth1 gene, related to the mammalian tis11 family of primary response genes, encodes a novel fish protein with two putative ccch zinc fingers. this report describes the rna expression of this gene during cleavage, blastula and gastrula stages of carp embryos. cth1 mrna is present in all cleavage stage blastomeres as a maternal message. after the late blastula stage, the maternal expression decreases, revealing a spot of higher expression at the margin of the blastoderm of the dome stage ...	1998	9551863
characterization of mboi satellites in cirrhina mrigala and clarias batrachus (pisces).	we have cloned and characterized two highly reiterated, tandemly repeated, and a+t rich mboi dna fragments, one in cirrhina mrigala (cyprinidae), with a monomer size of 266 bp, and one in clarias batrachus (clariidae), with a monomer size of 227 bp. the mboi fragment in c. mrigala is species-specific and absent in other carps, such as catla catla and labeo rohita. the mboi fragment in c. batrachus was also present in two other catfishes tested, namely clarias gariepinus and heteropneustes fossil ...	1998	9549057
characterization of repetitive dna sequences carrying 5s rdna of the triploid ginbuna (japanese silver crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfi).	repetitive dna sequences (hi-b; 209 bp in length) were isolated from the hindiii digests of the genomic dna of the triploid ginbuna, carassius auratus langsdorfi. sequence analyses revealed that the hi-b repetitive units were comprised of the complete coding regions of 5s rdna (120 bp in size) and their 5'flanking regions. the sequences of the hi-b units from the same individual were highly homogeneous. southern blot hybridization to the hi-b probe displayed intricate patterns that represented t ...	1998	9546204
induction of oral tolerance in carp (cyprinus carpio l.) after feeding protein antigens.	induction of oral tolerance against ferritin, recombinant surface glycoprotein of viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (klg18) and ovalbumin (ova) was studied in carp. feeding of ferritin or klg18 resulted in lower ab titres compared to unprimed controls when animals were intramuscularly (i.m.) injected with protein 10 weeks later and sampled 21 days after this injection. after administration of ova by different routes (oral, anal, i.m.) and i.m. injection with ova + freund's incomplete adjuvant ...	1997	9533276
antioxidative activity of carp blood plasma on lipid peroxidation.	antioxidative activity of carp blood plasma was estimated by measuring hydroperoxides formed by liposome peroxidation during the exposure of liposomes to aaph. ascorbic acid of high concentration, uric acid of low content, and tocopherol formed special protective system against lipid poroxidation in fish plasma. the decrease of uric acid, ascorbic acid, and tocopherol showed synergism of ascorbic acid and tocopherol, uric acid, and tocopherol. carp blood plasma with a low concentration of protei ...	1998	9532775
characterization of cyprinus carpio brain nitric oxide synthase.	nitric oxide synthase (nos) activity is found both in soluble and in particulate fractions of the carp brain. the km values for arginine are 2.8+/-0.5 and 3.3+/-0.4 microm for the soluble and particulate fractions, respectively. k for ng-monomethyl-l-arginine inhibitor are 2.6+/-0.5 and 2.9+/-0.6 microm, and activation energy for the breakdown of the substrate-enzyme complex 8120+/-710 and 4620+/-450 cal per mole. carp enzyme shows higher affinity than rat nos for ca2+ and for the competitive in ...	1998	9530929
the carp homeobox gene ovx1 shows early expression during gastrulation and subsequently in the vagal lobe, the facial lobe and the ventral telencephalon.	the homeobox gene carp-ovx1 shows similarity to vertebrate and invertebrate ovx genes and to drosophila unplugged. its expression pattern was studied by in situ hybridization in carp embryos and juveniles. during segmentation, expression becomes gradually limited to the neural tube. in juveniles up to 9 weeks old, cells in the ventral telencephalon, the facial lobe and the vagal lobe show ovx1 expression, confining expression to parts with chemosensory projections.	1998	9518526
comparative aspects on nitric oxide in brain and its role as a cerebral vasodilator.	histological studies have detected nitric oxide (no) synthase in the central nervous system of all vertebrates examined, from lampreys to mammals. however, there are still very few comparative physiological studies on the function of no synthase in the brain of non-mammalian vertebrates. so far, we know that acetylcholine can cause an no-dependent increase in brain blood flow in turtles and some fish species (crucian carp and rainbow trout), whereas some other fishes appear to lack such a mechan ...	1997	9505413
desensitization of the gabaa receptor shifts the dynamic range of retinal horizontal cells due to light and dark adaptation.	the effects of the gabaergic pathway on the dynamic range of the light response of cone-driven horizontal cells (hcs) in the carp retina were investigated using conventional intracellular recordings and computer simulations. the amplitude of the hc responses to repetitive test flashes was altered by background illumination in control ringer's solution, but was not changed following the application of picrotoxin or bicuculline, which suggests that gabaa receptors mediate the subsequent change in ...	1997	9504129
partial characterization of a fatty acid desaturase gene in drosophila melanogaster.	the open reading frame of a gene encoding a protein homologous to vertebrate fatty acid desaturases has been characterized in drosophila melanogaster. this is the first description of a desaturase sequence in insects. two cdnas were cloned: the combined 1.5 kb nucleotide sequences indicate that the gene encodes a polypeptide of 383 amino acid residues with a high sequence similarity to the well defined delta 9 desaturases from rat and yeast and desaturases from carp and tick. the drosophila prot ...	1997	9501419
tritium planigraphy: from the accessible surface to the spatial structure of a protein.	the method of tritium planigraphy, which provides comprehensive information on the accessible surface of macromolecules, allows an attempt at reconstructing the three-dimensional structure of a protein from the experimental data on residue accessibility for labeling. the semiempirical algorithm proposed for globular proteins involves (i) predicting theoretically the secondary structure elements (sses), (ii) experimentally determining the residue-accessibility profile by bombarding the whole prot ...	1998	9501168
internalization of aeromonas hydrophila by fish epithelial cells can be inhibited with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor.	aeromonas hydrophila is a gram-negative bacterium that is pathogenic in fish, causing motile aeromonad septicaemia. it can enter (invade) fish cells, and survive as an intracellular parasite. the host-pathogen interaction and signal transduction pathway were studied by screening signal transduction inhibitors using carp epithelial cells and a virulent strain of the bacterium, ppd134/91. genistein, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, postponed internalization of a. hydrophila into host cells, suggesting ...	1998	9493367
spatio-temporal receptive fields in carp retinal horizontal cells.	1. the dynamics of the receptive fields of retinal horizontal cells were examined by applying a spatio-temporal modulated light signal to the retina. 2. the spatio-temporal receptive fields of both cone- and rod-driven horizontal cells, estimated through cross-correlation between the modulated light signal and the cells' responses, showed their receptive fields (the space-dependent component) to be reduced in size with time. 3. in cone-driven horizontal cells, the reduction in receptive field si ...	1998	9490843
3-methylcholanthrene-induced erod activity and cytochrome p-450 in immune organs of carp (cyprinus carpio).	in this study, at first, we determined the optimal assay conditions for ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase activity and cytochrome p450 contents in the liver and two immune organs (spleen and head kidney) of carp. the km values of cytochrome p450 1a activity were identical in the three organs, demonstrating that the enzyme belongs to the same isoform. in a second step, we showed that carp contained endogenous cytochrome p450 and erod activity in two immune organs like in liver. these enzyme activities ...	1997	9490184
semiquantitative immunoblot detection of 70 kda stress proteins in the carp cyprinus carpio.		1998	9484554
[the manifestation of immunity in ichthyophthiriasis in carp in maritime territory].		2007	9479386
the tight junctions of the leptomeningeal blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier during development.	the outer blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier is formed by leptomeningeal cells of the arachnoidea. the structures underlying this barrier are tight junctions. in contrast to the tight junctions of endo- and epithelial cells, which have been investigated by means of ultrastructural as well as by molecular methodology, equivalent studies on meningeal cells are lacking. in the present study, therefore, the ultrathin section and freeze-fracture morphology of cranial leptomeningeal cells of carp, frog ...	1997	9476217
in vitro thyrotropin-releasing activity of corticotropin-releasing hormone-family peptides in coho salmon, oncorhynchus kisutch.	investigations of hypothalamic regulation of fish thyrotropin (tsh) secretion and subsequent thyroid activity have been impeded by the lack of a reliable assay for tsh. using a recently developed radioimmunoassay (ria) for coho salmon tsh we employed an in vitro pituitary cell culture technique to examine regulation of tsh secretion by corticotropin-releasing hormone (crh) family peptides [ovine crh (ocrh), carp urotensin i (ui), and frog sauvagine (sv)] as well as thyrotropin-releasing hormone ...	1998	9473372
effect of toxicity of cadmium on scale morphology in cyprinus carpio (cyprinidae).		1998	9470997
basal level and induction of cytochrome p450, erod, udpgt, and gst activities in carp (cyprinus carpio) immune organs (spleen and head kidney).		1998	9470993
round-spotted pufferfish (tetraodon fluviatilis) snf5 gene is oriented in a tail-to-tail manner with the set gene which encodes an inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2a.	the round-spotted pufferfish tetraodon fluviatilis has a genome size of 380 mb which is slightly smaller than that of another pufferfish fugu rubripes rubripes (fugu). due to its compact genome and small introns, fugu has been introduced as a model for genome studies. recently, the round-spotted pufferfish has also been proposed as a new model for genome studies because of the ease in obtaining material and high-sequence homology to that of fugu. in this study, we have cloned and characterized t ...	1998	9468224
purification and characterization of cathepsin l from hepatopancreas of carp cyprinus carpio.	cathepsin l was purified from carp hepatopancreas by a method involving ammonium sulfate precipitation and a series of column chromatographies, in which the enzyme had an affinity toward concanavalin a and cibacron blue f3ga. its homogeneity was established by native-page, but two protein bands corresponding to molecular masses of 30,000 (single chain) and 24,000 (heavy chain) migrated on sds-page. the enzyme exhibited a maximum activity for carbobenzoxy-l-phenylalanyl-l-arginyl-4-methylcoumaryl ...	1997	9467867
intermediate filament proteins immunologically related to cytokeratins in the oocyte of the fish cyprinus carpio.	we have used monoclonal antibodies specific for different sets of human cytokeratins and the anti-ifa (intermediate filament antigen) antibody to investigate the expression of intermediate filament proteins in the mature oocyte of the teleost cyprinus carpio. several polypeptides have been identified, showing molecular weights ranging from 43 to 65 kda. two-dimensional analysis of the immunoreactive species revealed the presence of at least six major protein spots and a series of minor component ...	1997	9460904
regulation of carab expression in escherichia coli occurs in part through utp-sensitive reiterative transcription.	in escherichia coli, expression of the carab operon is subject to cumulative repression, which occurs by argr-mediated repression at a downstream promoter, p2, and by pyrimidine-mediated regulation at an upstream promoter, p1. in this study, we show that pyrimidine-mediated regulation occurs in part through a mechanism involving utp-sensitive reiterative transcription (i.e., repetitive addition of u residues to the 3' end of a nascent transcript due to transcript-template slippage). in this case ...	1998	9457878
precocious onset of spermatogenesis in juvenile carp (cyprinus carpio l., teleostei) following treatment with low doses of l-thyroxine.	two strains of carp (cyprinus carpio l.), a heterogenic and an all male isogeneic, were used as experimental models to assess the effects of low doses of l-thyroxine (t4) on testicular development in juvenile fish. in four experiments (two with each strain) precocious onset of spermatogenesis was induced following exposure to 15 micrograms t4 l-1, but not to 8 micrograms or 30 micrograms t4 l-1. no significant increase in body weight and testis diameter (week 16 excepted) or numbers of primary s ...	1997	9455661
anoxic depression of light-evoked potentials in retina and optic tectum of crucian carp.	the crucian carp is an exceptionally anoxia-tolerant vertebrate. for the brain, with its very high rate of atp use, depression of energy use is likely to be an important strategy for anoxic survival. this study shows that the light-evoked response of the retina and the corresponding evoked potential in optic tectum decrease in amplitude by 69 and 75%, respectively, during 38 min of anoxia, and by about 90% after 1 h in anoxia. both responses were restored upon reoxygenation. the length of light ...	1997	9453218
a family of highly repetitive dnas from "ginbuna" (carassius auratus langsdorfi) genome common to carassius auratus populations.	a family of highly repetitive dnas (hi-a) in the genome from a population of the crucian carp, tentatively identified as the ginbuna (carassius auratus langsdorfi), was isolated from the hindiii digests and characterized. the hi-a monomer (268 or 269 bp) was at-rich (64.9%) with internal repetitive oligomers. the nucleotide similarity among monomers within the same individual was 88-98%, whose sequence alterations occurred mostly at restricted sites. hybridization analyses revealed that the hi-a ...	1997	9450387
parvalbumin, a cross-reactive fish allergen, contains ige-binding epitopes sensitive to periodate treatment and ca2+ depletion.	type i allergy to fish is a severe health problem in countries in which a large percentage of the population derive income from fishing.	1998	9449503
metagonimus miyatai sp. nov. (digenea: heterophyidae), a new intestinal trematode transmitted by freshwater fishes in japan and korea.	metagonimus miyatai n. sp. (digenea: heterophyidae) is described based on adult flukes collected from experimental dogs and hamsters fed with metacercariae encysted in the sweetfish, plecoglossus altivelis, dace, tribolodon hakonensis and t. taczanowskii, common fat-minnow, morocco steindachneri, pale chub, zacco platypus, and dark chub, zacco temmincki, and on those collected from naturally infected humans. the new species was morphologically compared with m. yokogawai and m. takahashii obtaine ...	1997	9446902
isolation and characterization of a novel bioactive peptide, carassius rfamide (c-rfa), from the brain of the japanese crucian carp.	a novel bioactive peptide with the c-terminal rfamide was isolated from the brain of the japanese crucian carp, carassius auratus langsdorfii, by using the intestine of the fish as the bioassay system. the primary structure of the peptide was determined to be speidpfwyvgrgvrpigrfamide and it was designated carassius rfamide (c-rfa). the sequence of c-rfa was found to be significantly homologous to the molluscan neuropeptide termed achatina cardioexcitatory peptide 1 (acep-1). both peptides have ...	1998	9446813
partial purification and characterization of six transglutaminases from ordinary muscles of various fishes and marine invertebrates.	six transglutaminases were prepared from ordinary muscles of scallop (patinopecten yessoensis), botan shrimp (pandalus nipponensis), squid (todarodes pacificus), carp (cyprinus carpio), rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), and atka mackerel (pleurogrammus azonus), and their physicochemical and enzymatic properties were compared with each other. the km value of carp transglutaminase for monodansyl cadaverine, a kind of primary amines, was 0.33 mm, while the other enzymes had km values of 0.01-0.0 ...	1997	9440224
ca2+ signals during early lymphocyte activation in carp cyprinus carpio l.	to measure cellular responses and the involvement of increased cytosolic ca2+ levels ([ca2+]i), peripheral blood leukocytes (pbl) of carp were loaded with the fluorescent intracellular ca2+ indicators fluo-3 and fura-2. responses of lymphocytes to t-cell mitogen (phytohaemagglutinin, pha), to b-cell mitogen (lipopolysaccharide, lps) and to immunoglobulin (ig) cross-linking with a monoclonal antibody to carp ig were measured using flow cytometry. both t-cell stimulation by pha and b-cell stimulat ...	1998	9438833
l-type ca2+ current in fish cardiac myocytes: effects of thermal acclimation and beta-adrenergic stimulation.	a patch-clamp analysis of l-type ca2+ current in ventricular myocytes of cold- and warm-acclimated rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and crucian carp (carassius carassius) hearts was performed. trout were acclimated at 4 and 17 degrees c and carp at 4 and 24 degrees c for a minimum of 4 weeks. ventricular myocytes were isolated by enzymatic dissociation using collagenase and trypsin. marked species-specific differences were noted in ca2+ current density and its ss-adrenergic regulation. the de ...	1998	9438829
ca2+-atpase activity and ca2+ uptake by sarcoplasmic reticulum in fish heart: effects of thermal acclimation.	this study was designed to compare the activities of sarcoplasmic (sr) ca2+-atpase and ca2+ uptake in fish and mammalian hearts and to determine whether thermal acclimation has any effect on the function of the cardiac sr in fish. to this end, we measured thapsigargin-sensitive ca2+-atpase activity and thapsigargin-inhibitable ca2+ uptake velocity in crude cardiac homogenates of newborn and adult rats and of two teleost fish (crucian carp and rainbow trout) acclimated to low (4 degrees c) and hi ...	1998	9438828
genomic organization and characterization of the promoter region of the round-spotted pufferfish (tetraodon fluviatilis) jak1 kinase gene.	seventeen kilobases of genomic dna containing the promoter and the coding region of the round-spotted pufferfish jak1 gene was isolated and completely sequenced. this gene consists of 25 exons and 24 introns spanning about 13.5 kb, compared to > 30kb in carp jak1 gene. primer extension analysis revealed one transcription initiation site which was 376 bp upstream of the translation initiation site. the sequence of the 2.9 kb region upstream of the transcription initiation site contains numerous p ...	1998	9434151
intra-oral food manipulation of carp and other cyprinids: adaptations and limitations.	the heterogeneity of the cyprinid fishes (about 2000 species) and their feeding requires a general model of aquatic feeding. in this model the timing of mouth and gill slit opening and the relative contribution of head expansion and swimming are determining factors. the following elements have been distinguished in the feeding process of cyprinid fishes: search/choice, intake (particulate intake and gulping), size-and taste selection, intra-oral transport (including repositioning), mastication a ...	1997	9421579
effects of sublethal copper exposure on copper accumulation, food consumption, growth, energy stores, and nucleic acid content in common carp.	juvenile common carp were exposed for 28 days to three different sublethal copper concentrations (0.20 microm, 0.55 microm, and 0.80 microm). food consumption was monitored on a daily basis during the exposure period, while growth, copper accumulation, energy stores, and nucleic acid contents were assessed weekly. copper exposure to 0. 80 microm affected both growth and feeding behavior in common carp. at 0.55 microm, growth was affected despite normal food consumption. even at the lowest copper ...	1997	9419260
cadmium bioaccumulation in carp (cyprinus carpio) tissues during long-term high exposure: analysis by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.	this work was an attempt to investigate cadmium bioaccumulation in the carp (cyprinus carpio) during simulated pollution. the fish, weighing 100 g, were kept for 140 days in a 1000-liter indoor concrete tank supplied with a continuous flow (8 liters min-1) of unchlorinated, aerated, and filtered well water, the cadmium concentration of which was maintained at 450 microg liter-1. such a high cadmium concentration was chosen to achieve metal saturation of the fish organs. carp were fed during expo ...	1997	9417855
neuroendocrine regulation of gonadotrophin ii release and gonadal growth in the goldfish, carassius auratus.	the goldfish, a member of the carp family, is a widely used model for reproductive neuroendocrine studies of economically important fish. the two gonadotrophin (gth) molecules released from the fish anterior pituitary, gth-i and gth-ii, are structurally similar to tetrapod fsh and lh, respectively. gonadotrophin ii is the best studied, and in goldfish stimulates gonadal growth and steroidogenesis, ovulation and sperm release. growth hormone also has gonadotrophic actions in fish which enhance go ...	1997	9414466
the cardiac internuncial cell in carassius auratus longsdorffii and other 19 teleost species: a fine-structural study.	thin-section studies of the sino-auricular border region in the hearts of 20 species of teleost fish revealed the cardiac internuncial cell (cic), hitherto known only in misgurnus, to occur also in 8 species (acheilognathus lanceolatus, carassius auratus longsdorffii, cyprinus carpio, girella punctata, kareius bicoloratus, rhodeus ocellatus ocellatus, rhyncopelates oxyrhynchus, tilapia nilotica), but to be absent in the other 12 species. there was an indication that the cic was close in nature t ...	1997	9412743
identification of the midbrain locomotor nuclei and their descending pathways in the teleost carp, cyprinus carpio.	in order to identify the mesencephalic spinal pathways for initiation of swimming in the carp, we employed electrical and chemical microstimulation of the mesencephalic tegmentum. electrical stimulation of the midbrain in decerebrate carp produced bilateral or unilateral rhythmic movements of the tail. bilateral alternating movements were induced by stimulation with the lowest threshold currents to the brain region just beneath the third ventricle at the level of the mid mesencephalon. the regio ...	1997	9409698
susceptibility of several species of cyprinidae and salmonidae freshwater fish to larval gnathostoma nipponicum infection.	susceptibility of five species of cyprinidae and salmonidae freshwater fish to the early third-stage larvae (eal3) and advanced third-stage larvae (adl3) of gnathostoma nipponicum infection were examined. two fish species inoculated orally with eal3 were infected, and adl3 were recovered from them with rate of 21.0% in tribolodon hakonensis and 0.5% in cyprinus carpio at 30 days postinoculation (pi). attempts to infect five fish species with adl3 were all successful. the recovery rate of adl3 wa ...	1997	9409521
development of neuropeptide y innervation in the liver.	hepatic neuropeptide y (npy) innervation was studied by immunohistochemistry in various mature vertebrates including the eel, carp, bullfrog, turtle, chicken, mouse, rat, guinea pig, dog, monkey, and human. in addition, an ontogenetic study on hepatic npy was made in developing mice and guinea pigs. in all species examined except the eel, npy-like immunoreactivity was detected in nerve fibers. in the carp, bullfrog, turtle, chicken, mouse, and rat, npy-positive fibers were distributed around the ...	1997	9407546
identification and spatial distribution of the mrna encoding the gp49 component of the gilthead sea bream, sparus aurata, egg envelope.	a cdna encoding the precursor of one of the major components of gilthead sea bream, sparus aurata, egg envelope has been cloned by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) techniques. the clone was isolated starting from total rna extracted from the liver of spawning female fish and estradiol-17 beta-treated male fish. sequence analysis revealed that the cdna encoded a protein of 405 aa corresponding to 49-kda component (termed gp49), a glycoprotein belonging to the n-linked type ...	1998	9406196
microcalorimetric study of the toxic effect of selenium on the mitochondrial metabolism of cyprinus carpio liver.	the metabolic thermograms and heat output of mitochondria isolated from carp liver have been determined by using an lkb bioactivity monitor. the thermogram can be divided into four parts: the lag phase, active recovery phase, stationary phase, and decline phase. the thermokinetic equation was established for the active recovery and decline phase of metabolism as follows: dp/dt = k(m)p (1-sp). the rate constants k1 and k2 of two phases of active recovery and decline phase have been also calculate ...	2013	9404680
study of the effects of brief exposure to an organophosphorous insecticide (methidathion) on blood characteristics of carp (cyprinus carpio).	1. carp with the dorsal aorta cannulated have been used to study the effects of a 5 hour exposure to methidathion at concentrations of 2 or 6 mg/litre. blood samples taken during control, exposed and recovery periods were used to determine plasma acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity, haematocrit value, mean cell volume, total plasma protein, and filtration time through nucleopore filters containing pores of 8 microns. 2. a drastic inhibition of ache activity was observed and this continued durin ...	1997	9404539
a comparison of blood composition in the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.) using samples obtained from caudal vessels and dorsal aorta cannulae.	blood samples have been taken from chronic cannulae in the dorsal aorta of carp under anaesthesia and at intervals of 24, 29 and 101 hours later. a few minutes after the 29 hours and 101 hours sampling was completed similar quantities (1 ml) were withdrawn from a caudal vessel. all samples were treated in the same way and determinations made of haematocrit value, total protein, glucose concentration and activity of the following plasma enzymes-acetylcholinesterase (ache), glutamic oxaloacetic tr ...	1997	9404538
expression of titin isoforms in red and white muscle fibres of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) exposed to different sarcomere strains during swimming.	titin (also known as connectin) is a striated-muscle-specific protein that spans the distance between the z- and m-lines of the sarcomere. the elastic segment of the titin molecule in the i-band is thought to be responsible for developing passive tension and for maintaining the central position of thick filaments in contracting sarcomeres. different muscle types express isoforms of titin that differ in their molecular mass. to help to elucidate the relation between the occurrence of titin isofor ...	1997	9404015
head-to-head linkage of carp alpha- and beta-globin genes.	the alpha- and beta-globin gene variants are believed to have diverged from a single ancestral globin gene, and the divergence was primed by the duplication of the ancestral globin gene. to understand the process of gene duplication, we investigated the alpha- and beta-globin gene arrangement of a bony fish (carp). from a southern analysis of seven previously prepared lambda phage clones (lambdacg1-7) using radio-labelled alpha- or beta-globin gene probes, it was found that the clones included b ...	1997	9396629
brain na+/k+-atpase activity in two anoxia tolerant vertebrates: crucian carp and freshwater turtle.	the crucian carp (carassius carassius) and freshwater turtles (trachemys scripta) are among the very few vertebrates that can survive extended periods of anoxia. the major problem for an anoxic brain is energy deficiency. in the brain, the na+/k+-atpase is the single most atp consuming enzyme, being responsible for maintaining ion gradients. we here show that the na+/k+-atpase activity in the turtle brain is reduced by 31% in telencephalon and by 34% in cerebellum after 24 h of anoxia. both chan ...	1997	9389603
[studies on glutamate and gaba receptor expressed in amphibian oocytes after injection of carp retina mrna].	using voltage clamp and perfusion technique, the types and characteristics of amino acid receptors of carp (carassius carassius) retinas were studied by expressed response of amphibian oocytes previous injected with the retinal mrna. the results were as follows: (1) glu receptor: diazoxide could potentiated ka induced depolarization, suggesting that some of the retinal glu receptors may be ampa-preferring subtype. (2) gaba receptor: bicuculine could greatly suppress the gaba induced inward rapid ...	1996	9389205
[differential effects of low calcium on signal transmission from rods and cones to horizontal cells in carp retina].	intracellular recordings were made from neurons in the superfused isolated carp retina and the effects of calcium on synaptic transmission from cones and rods to horizontal cells were studied by changing the ionic composition of the external medium. when extracellular ca2+ is lowered from 1.2 mmol/l to 0.1 mmol/l, both cone- and rod-horizontal cells (cone-hc and rod-hc) are depolarized, but light responsiveness of these cells are differentially affected: light responses of cone-hcs are reduced i ...	1996	9389162
[repression of voltage gated k+ channel expressed in xenopus oocytes after injection total rna from carp retina by an antisense oligonucleotide].	injection of total rna from carp retina induced the formation of a membrane k+ channel in xenopus oocytes. we found an oligonucleotide complementary to the mrna coding for a peptide fragment in the k+ channel of drosophila and mice could suppress the k+ channel current in a very specific manner. this provides important information for the cloning of this gene and for studying it's function.	1996	9389159
dual component in receptive field centre of bipolar cells in carp retina.	receptive field centre profiles of depolarizing (on-) and hyperpolarizing (off-) bipolar cells in dark adapted carp retina were determined by using a narrow slit of light. the spatial decline of the photoresponse was found to consist of double exponential function with small and large length constants, about 100 microns and 1 mm, respectively. these were only observed in dark adapted retinae where antagonistic surround responses were not observed. these findings suggest dual sites of electrical ...	1997	9381669
structure and expression of carp mitogen-activated protein kinases homologous to mammalian jnk/sapk.	two distinct stress-activated protein kinase (jnka and b) cdnas were isolated from a carp ovary cdna library. these cdnas contained a full-length open reading frame encoding 427 amino acid residues with a predicted mass of 48.6 kda. the deduced amino acid sequences of jnka and b were 95.8% identical, with 18 residues replaced, and showed a high degree of sequence similarity to mammalian jnk/sapk subgroup including the common dual phosphorylation motif of tpy. by northern blot analysis, the carp ...	1997	9378717
activity of long-wavelength cones under scotopic conditions in the cyprinid fish danio aequipinnatus.	in carp (cyprinus) and goldfish (carassius), long-wavelength cones are reported to be active under scotopic conditions. using the electroretinogram (erg), we tested another cyprinid fish, danio aequipinnatus, which contains a1-based visual pigments and for which we had previously measured the spectral sensitivities of individual cones. dark adaptation curves show a rod/cone break at about 45 min. when thoroughly dark-adapted, the spectral sensitivity function is broader than can be accounted for ...	1997	9373956
characterization of gamma s-crystallin isoforms from lip shark (chiloscyllium colax): evolutionary comparison between gamma s and beta/gamma crystallins.	gamma s-crystallin from shark eye lenses, formerly termed beta s crystallin in mammalian lenses, is structurally characterized in this study by cdna cloning and sequencing. to facilitate sequence characterization of gamma s-crystallin possessing intermediate structural properties between beta- and gamma-crystallins, cdna mixture was constructed from the poly(a)+ mrna isolated from shark eye lenses, and amplification by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was carried out to obtain nucleotide segments ...	1997	9367880
detection of micronuclei in peripheral erythrocytes of cyprinus carpio exposed to metallic mercury.	cyprinus carpio fish (carp), exposed to elemental or metallic mercury (hg0) at concentrations of 2.0, 20.0, and 200.0 mg per liter of water, were kept in concrete tanks for 159 days. ten fish were used for each concentration level. thirteen samples of peripheral blood were collected from each animal through gill puncture, 12 during the first 90 days of the experiment, and the last one at the end of the experiment. the micronucleus test (mnt) was designed to study dose and time yield effects of m ...	1997	9366907
bioconcentration, elimination and metabolism of 2,4-dinitrotoluene in carps(cyprinus carpio l.).	bioconcentration curves of 2,4-dinitrotoluene(2,4-dnt) in carps (whole fish, liver, intestine and muscle) were investigated using semistatic system. for whole fish, its curve could be described as a gentle peak which began with a rise in concentration to summit or steady state, then declined and reached lower level followed by another steady state. for liver and intestine, their curves both contained two successive peaks, with the second peak followed by slight fluctuation. bioconcentration fact ...	1997	9353907
long-term recovery of macrobenthos and fish assemblages after water pollution abatement measures in the river petite baïse (france).	riverine ecosystems are subject to a large variety of man-made influences, and in recent years a new public awareness of the need to protect rivers has emerged within the industrialized world. the present study focuses on the effect of abatement of pollution from one factory on the recovery of fish and macroinvertebrate species richness in the river petite baïse over a 20-year period (1973-1993). until 1973, the petite baïse (75 km in length) received not only factory waste (nitrogenous rich eff ...	1997	9353205
complementation analysis of carotenogenic mutants of mucor circinelloides.	mutants of the filamentous fungus mucor circinelloides altered in the synthesis of beta-carotene (genotype car) have been isolated by direct inspection of the color shown by the colonies derived from mutagenized spores. the mutants were analyzed for the carotenoid content in darkness and light and studied with respect to complementation in heterokaryons made by spheroplast fusion. the results revealed the existence of at least four complementation groups. the carb mutants are white and accumulat ...	1997	9344628
ether lipid composition and molecular species alterations in carp brain (cyprinus carpio l.) during normoxic temperature acclimation.	carp (cyprinus carpio l.) whole brain was used to investigate the thermal acclimation changes under normoxic conditions of three-subclasses (alkenylacyl-, alkylacyl- and diacyl-subclasses) of choline glycerophospholipids (cgp), ethanolamine glycerophospholipids (egp) and inositol glycerophospholipids (igp) as well as their acyl chain profiles and molecular species composition. the alkenylacyl subclass of cgp and igp and the alkylacyl subclass of cgp and egp varied significantly during summer (25 ...	1997	9342730
roles of energy status, katp channels and channel arrest in fish brain k+ gradient dissipation during anoxia	the crucian carp (carassius carassius l.) is one of the most anoxia-tolerant vertebrates known, being able to maintain ion homeostasis in its brain for many hours of anoxia. this study aims to clarify the importance of glycolysis during anoxia and also to investigate whether the extreme tolerance to anoxia could be due to down-regulation of k+ permeability ('channel arrest') and/or activation of atp-sensitive k+ (katp) channels. the latter was also tested in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). ...	1995	9320504
kinetics of chloride transport across fish red blood cell membranes	the continuous flow tube method was used to investigate the kinetics of chloride transport, and its potential oxygenation-dependency, in red blood cells (rbcs) from four teleost fish species and man. a significant interspecific variation in cl- transport kinetics was found. at 15 °c, the rate constant k for unidirectional 36cl- efflux was significantly lower in rbcs from eel and carp than in rbcs from rainbow trout and atlantic cod. the values of k of cod rbcs at 15 °c and of human rbcs ...	1995	9320152
central monoaminergic responses to salinity and temperature rises in common carp	juvenile common carp, cyprinus carpio, were exposed to increased levels of salinity (1 % nacl) at 25 °c and 30 °c. levels of the monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine (da) and serotonin (5-ht) and their metabolites dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid were determined in different brain parts. whereas the elevated temperature only resulted in higher levels of the metabolites, increased salinity caused increased levels of da and 5-ht as well. increased levels appeared a ...	1996	9319510
red muscle motor patterns during steady swimming in largemouth bass: effects of speed and correlations with axial kinematics	we analyzed midline kinematics and obtained electromyograms (emgs) from the superficial red muscle at seven longitudinal positions in four largemouth bass swimming steadily at standardized speeds of 0.7, 1.2, 1.6, 2.0 and 2.4 lengths s-1. analysis of variance was used to test for significant variation attributable to both speed and longitudinal position. emgs propagated posteriorly were unilateral and alternated between the left and right sides. despite the propagation of emgs, all the red muscl ...	1995	9319478
effects of anoxia on energy metabolism in crucian carp brain slices studied with microcalorimetry	crucian carp (carassius carassius l.) is an exceptionally anoxia-tolerant vertebrate. to determine whether isolated crucian carp brain tissue survives anoxia and whether it displays anoxic metabolic depression, heat production (using microcalorimetry), lactate production, ethanol production and the maintenance of atp, adp and amp levels and energy charge were measured in telencephalic brain slices during anoxia. in response to anoxia, heat output decreased by 37 %, corresponding to a 31 % fall i ...	1995	9318635
local differences in myotendinous junctions in axial muscle fibres of carp (cyprinus carpio l.)	we studied the myotendinous junctions of anterior and posterior red and white axial muscle fibres of carp using stereology. in posterior axial muscle fibres of swimming fish, stress (load on the myotendinous junction) must be higher than in anterior fibres as posterior fibres have a longer phase of eccentric activity. as we expected the magnitude of the load on the junction to be reflected in its structure, we compared the interfacial ratio, the ratio between the area of the junctional sarcolemm ...	1996	9318603