Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| demonstration of acid fast bacilli in the circulating immune complex of leprosy cases and contacts. | 1988 | 3075597 | |
| inefficacy of thalidomide on rat adjuvant-induced arthritis and lack of arthrogenicity of hansen bacilli. | 1988 | 3074967 | |
| rifampicin monotherapy in paucibacillary leprosy. | 1988 | 3073286 | |
| the influence of antimycobacterial chemotherapy on delayed hypersensitivity skin-test reactions in leprosy patients. | 1988 | 3073285 | |
| the effects of chemotherapy on antibody levels in lepromatous patients. | 1988 | 3073284 | |
| in vitro and in vivo activities of macrolides against mycobacterium leprae. | we previously demonstrated the potent in vitro activity of erythromycin against mycobacterium leprae as determined by its effect on atp pools and rates of palmitate oxidation and phenolic glycolipid i synthesis. in the present study, the relative in vitro activities of a number of new macrolides with superior pharmacokinetic properties were assessed. in addition, for the most active compounds, concentrations in serum were determined by bioassay during continuous administration in the feed of mic ... | 1988 | 3072920 |
| slit-skin smears from the fingers in leprosy. | 1988 | 3072458 | |
| a concentration method for detection and quantitation of bacillaemia in leprosy and its comparison with other techniques. | 1988 | 3072457 | |
| use of soluble antigens in leprosy epidemiology. | 1988 | 3072456 | |
| mucosal immunity to mycobacteria in leprosy patients and their contacts. | 1988 | 3072455 | |
| [epidemiological immunological studies on leprosy in okinawa. iii. reactivity to the standard and diluted lepromins of leprosy patients in the mainland and okinawa]. | 1988 | 3072330 | |
| dermal characteristics of the hereditary hairless-athymic mouse and the multiplication at early stage of mycobacterium leprae inoculated into the right hind foot. | 1988 | 3072329 | |
| monitoring of bacterial drug response by mass spectrometry of single cells. | the application of the laser microprobe mass analyser lamma 500 to the solution of problems in the field of microbiology is reported. the special features of this instrument allow the analysis of single bacterial cells, and questions can be answered which are not accessible to the normally applied integral methods. thus it is possible to establish distributions of, for instance, elemental concentrations within a bacterial population and of correlations between measured characteristics of a bacte ... | 1988 | 3072034 |
| particular matrix for fast atom bombardment mass spectrometric analysis of phenolic glycolipid antigens isolated from pathogen mycobacteria. | phenolic glycolipids play a key role as an antigenic probe for serodiagnosis of some human pathogen mycobacterial infections. the lipidic part which corresponds to a phenolphthiocerol dimycocerosate molecule, and the presence of partial o-methylated sugars, confer a high hydrophobicity to this kind of molecule. fast atom bombardment (fab) mass spectrometric analysis with standard matrices such as glycerol or thioglycerol was unsuccessful. using a new matrix--monobutyltriethylene glycol--fab anal ... | 1988 | 3072032 |
| lepromin conversion induced by a 'sub-unit' vaccine from icrc bacilli. | 1988 | 3071521 | |
| the efficacy of a cell-mediated reaction in the disposal of m. leprae in human skin. | the inability of lepromatous leprosy patients to mount a cellular immune response against mycobacterium leprae antigens is not understood. the extensive intracellular replication of bacilli in the phagocytes and the relative paucity of t lymphocytes in the lesions suggest that these patients might be incapable of generating normal delayed type hypersensitivity responses in their skin. in order to elucidate this problem we evaluated the patient's response to local antigen administration. our obse ... | 1988 | 3069709 |
| demonstration of acid-fast bacilli in skin biopsies from indeterminate leprosy cases. | because the correct diagnosis of indeterminate leprosy (il) requires the finding of acid-fast bacilli in skin lesions from clinically and histopathologically suggestive cases, it is necessary to develop a reliable method for this purpose. this paper presents a simple procedure, available to every general laboratory, which consists in obtaining 2 suspensions: si, by mincing and grinding the tissue in phosphate-buffered saline; and sii, after treating si with naoh solution and digesting with tryps ... | 1988 | 3068861 |
| recognition of mycobacterial antigens by sera from patients with leprosy. | mycobacterium leprae sonic extracts prepared from armadillo-derived bacteria were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blotting (immunoblotting) procedures and probed with serum or plasma samples from 20 patients with lepromatous leprosy and 14 healthy endemic controls. five proteins of 33, 25, 18, 15, and 12 kilodaltons (kda) were frequently recognized; the 33- and 15-kda proteins were, respectively, recognized with high intensity by 16 and 13 of th ... | 1988 | 3068245 |
| accessory cell function of dendritic cells from lymph nodes containing mycobacterium leprae induced granulomas. | dendritic cells were enriched from guinea pig auricular lymph nodes containing mycobacterium leprae induced granulomas by immunomagnetic depletion of other cells. these cells were strongly positive for major histocompatibility complex class ii antigens and labelled with an antidendritic cell monoclonal antibody, but not with an antimacrophage antibody. interdigitating dendritic cells were identified in the granulomatous lymph node by staining with the antidendritic cell antibody and by transmiss ... | 1988 | 3068154 |
| [viruses in multiple sclerosis]. | 1988 | 3066017 | |
| purification and characterization of a 36 kda antigen of mycobacterium leprae. | a 36 kda antigen of mycobacterium leprae was purified by phenol biphasic partition followed by preparative sds-page. the purified antigen appeared as a single band in sds-page and eluted as a single peak in ion-exchange chromatography. the antigen comprised epitopes which were cross-reactive with m. tuberculosis, as well as a species-specific epitope (recognized by mab f47-9). different treatments of the 36 kda antigen suggested it to be largely protein in nature; the amino acid composition of 8 ... | 1988 | 3065448 |
| multiplication of armadillo-derived m. leprae in murine dissociated schwann cell cultures. | 1988 | 3065425 | |
| psychrophilic mycobacteria in m. leprae-infected tissues. | 1988 | 3065424 | |
| search for leprous infection in some small wild animals of louisiana. | 1988 | 3065423 | |
| inhibition of phenolic glycolipid-i synthesis in extracellular mycobacterium leprae as an indicator of antimicrobial activity. | the effects of 22 antimicrobial agents on the incorporation of [u14c] palmitic acid ([u14c] pa) into the unique phenolic glycolipid-i (pgl-i) antigen of mycobacterium leprae were studied. nude-mouse-propagated m. leprae were incubated in a modified dubos medium in the presence of antimicrobial agents for 4 days. [u14c] pa was then added and incubation was continued for 8 days. the antileprosy agents dapsone, rifampin, and clofazimine (2 micrograms/ml each) caused a significant reduction in [u14c ... | 1988 | 3065422 |
| effects of freezing and thawing on the viability and the ultrastructure of in vivo grown mycobacteria. | the influence of different frequencies of freezing-thawing cycles on the viability of in vivo grown mycobacteria was investigated. pieces of armadillo tissues naturally or experimentally infected with mycobacterium leprae were analyzed. the viability of m. leprae was determined by mouse foot pad titration. the viability of cultivable mycobacteria, sometimes present in armadillo tissues, was determined by culture. electron-microscopic studies were performed on fresh or frozen-thawed armadillo tis ... | 1988 | 3065421 |
| in vitro synthesis of antimycobacterial antibodies with different specificities in various tissues of leprosy patients. | for the detection of the synthesis in vitro of anti-mycobacterium leprae antibodies in various tissues of leprosy patients, biopsy specimens of skin lesions, nasal mucosa, larynx, lymph nodes, and bone marrow were cultured in a medium containing 14c-labeled lysine and isoleucine. the culture fluids were analyzed by crossed immunoelectrophoresis with intermediate gel and autoradiography. the results show that synthesis of anti-m. leprae antibodies occurs at the investigated sites of leprosy patie ... | 1988 | 3065420 |
| use of anti-m. leprae phenolic glycolipid-i antibody detection for early diagnosis and prognosis of leprosy. | untreated patients suffering from tuberculoid, lepromatous and indeterminate leprosy, their domiciliary contacts, and healthy controls, all living in guadeloupe, west indies, were tested by an elisa for detecting igm antibodies to the terminal disaccharide of the phenolic glycolipid-i antigen of mycobacterium leprae. on most subjects, a mitsuda test was also performed. a large majority of the tuberculoid patients and healthy subjects were mitsuda positive. the seropositivity rate reached 44% amo ... | 1988 | 3065419 |
| the present status of leprosy vaccine development. | 1988 | 3064326 | |
| the status of leprosy control in malaysia. | 1988 | 3064325 | |
| synthesis and immunoreactivity of neoglycoproteins containing the trisaccharide unit of phenolic glycolipid i of mycobacterium leprae. | the trisaccharide segment, o-(3,6-di-o-methyl-beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-(1----4)-o-(2,3-di-o-methyl- alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl)-(1----2)-3-o-methyl-l-rhamnopyranose, of the mycobacterium leprae-specific phenolic glycolipid i has been synthesized as its 8-(methoxycarbonyl)octyl glycoside and coupled to a carrier protein, to produce a leprosy-specific neoglycoprotein, the so-called natural trisaccharide-octyl-bovine serum albumin (nt-o-bsa). special features of the synthetic strategy were the use of si ... | 1988 | 3063383 |
| chemical synthesis of an artificial antigen containing the trisaccharide hapten of mycobacterium leprae. | the trisaccharide allyl o-(3,4-di-o-methyl-beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-(1----4)-o-(2,3-di-o-methyl-al pha-l- rhamnopyranosyl)-(1----2)-3-o-methyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranoside was synthesized from partially methylated monosaccharide derivatives. condensation of 1,4-di-o-acetyl-2,3-di-o-methyl-alpha-l-rhamnopyranose promoted by boron trifluoride etherate with the appropriate alcohol proceeded stereoselectively and with very high yields. selective deacetylation and glycosylation with 2,4-di-o-acetyl-3,6-di- ... | 1988 | 3063382 |
| [a summary of leprology]. | 1988 | 3061274 | |
| primary drug resistance to both rifampicin and dapsone in a paucibacillary leprosy patient. | a thirty-one year old male patient was diagnosed and treated for a pure or better primary neuritic case of leprosy with dapsone (100 mg daily for 2 years) and rifampicin (600 mg daily for 6 months). from the very outset, the patient did not show any improvement; on the top of it, he subsequently, developed a cutaneous patch, which on histopathological examination, revealed classical features of bt leprosy. acid-fast bacilli were absent both in skin slit smear and histologic section. a primary re ... | 1988 | 3060548 |
| armadillos in an indian leprosy research centre. | 1988 | 3060547 | |
| secondary and primary dapsone resistant leprosy: an analysis of 199 patients from st. thomas hospital and leprosy project, chettupattu, south india. | the occurrence of secondary and primary dapsone resistance in 199 patients in our control area and the influence of certain variables such as age, initial bacteriological and morphological indices, duration of regular dapsone monotherapy, on the emergence of dapsone resistance was investigated. ninety one of 122 patients and 29 out of 77 showed secondary (sdr) and primary (pdr) resistance to dapsone respectively. very low bi (bi:2.5) group also showed both sdr (60%) and pdr (40%). low or high mi ... | 1988 | 3060545 |
| paucibacillary primary dapsone resistance--a case report. | a case of primary paucibacillary dapsone resistance was presented. its clinical suspicion and diagnosis are stressed. emergence of dapsone resistance and its implications are shortly reviewed. a short note on its prevention is discussed. literature is briefly reviewed. | 1988 | 3060544 |
| filamentous phase in life cycle of m. leprae(?): a preliminary communication. | certain structures which indicate probable involvement of a filamentous phase in life cycle of m. leprae have been noted in preserved skin biopsy suspensions from lepromatous leprosy cases. these include (i) filaments with empty or pink round spaces within them (ii) conidia-like structures and (iii) membranes with acid fast bacilli. these structures were rare in the fresh material. | 1988 | 3058829 |
| influence of acetylator phenotype of the leprosy patient on the emergence of dapsone resistant leprosy. | the half time of disappearance of dapsone and monoacetyl dapsone and the acetylator phenotype of the leprosy patients who harboured dapsone sensitive and dapsone resistant m. leprae was assessed in 27 subjects. sixteen patients were rapid acetylators, five were slow and six were intermediate acetylators. the mean t 1 1/2 lives of dapsone (30.26 +/- 11.0) and monoacetyl dapsone (31.11 +/- 12.0) were also studied in the above patients. the percentage of different acetylators in both resistant and ... | 1988 | 3058828 |
| a bacteriological assessment of multibacillary cases in leprosy colonies after 4 1/2 years of multidrug therapy. | in this presentation we have devised a novel way of calculating the total bacterial quantum in 100 (78 ll and 22 bl) multibacillary leprosy patients living in leprosy colonies. the calculation is based on ridley's logarithmic scale. we have also attempted to assess the reduction in the bacterial quantum as a result of intervention through multidrug therapy (mdt). 53% of the patients rendered bacteriologically negative within two years of treatment of mdt and 94% at 54th pulse dose i.e. at 54th m ... | 1988 | 3058827 |
| presence of mycobactin-like substance in mycobacterium leprae. | chloroform extracts of m. leprae suspensions--crude, partially purified and purified--were prepared by standard methods. similar extracts were also prepared from the livers of normal armadillos using the same methods that were used to prepare crude and partially purified m. leprae suspensions. the only chloroform extract that supported the growth of m. paratuberculosis was the one prepared from percoll gradient-purified m. leprae. other four extracts not only did not support the growth of mycoba ... | 1988 | 3058826 |
| a 28-kda protein from mycobacterium leprae is a target of the human antibody response in lepromatous leprosy. | the gene for a 28-kda mycobacterium leprae protein ag, a major target of antibodies from patients with lepromatous leprosy, was cloned from a lambda-gt11-m. leprae dna expression library and sequenced. antibodies to this protein were detected in the serum of the majority of 15 individual lepromatous patients that were tested. the predicted amino acid sequence of the 28-kda protein suggests that it is localized to the bacterial plasma membrane or cell wall. | 1988 | 3058804 |
| implications of prior bcg vaccination programmes in the community on the protective efficacy of new antileprosy vaccines. | 1988 | 3058589 | |
| benefits of recombinant dna technology for the study of mycobacterium leprae. | 1988 | 3058391 | |
| leprosy. | leprosy affects over 10 million people in the world. the disease is a model of graded cell-mediated immunity, in this case to the causative organism, mycobacterium leprae. the clinical manifestations are due to (i) bacterial progression, (ii) immunologic responses of the host, (iii) peripheral nerve damage due to either or both bacterial progression and immunologic responses of the host, and (iv) preventable secondary deformities following nerve damage, which account for most of the stigma of th ... | 1988 | 3058299 |
| [growth of human leprosy bacilli in the foot-pad of mice]. | 1988 | 3058272 | |
| [reproduction of experimental leprous infection in mice with a preliminary modelling of failure of the mononuclear phagocyte system]. | cba mice with induced insufficiency of mononuclear phagocyte system (mnps) were inoculated intraplantar with m. leprae in a dose of 1 x 10(4). a significantly accelerated multiplication of m. leprae was noted in the sites of inoculation with the development of a generalized infections process and appearance in 6 months after inoculation of lepromatous structures in spleen, liver and other internal organs as compared with the animals with unchanged mnps. the data obtained suggest that insufficien ... | 1988 | 3058225 |
| d-alanine and catalase in mycobacterium leprae. | 1988 | 3057085 | |
| involvement of palate and cheek in leprosy. | 22 cases of bacillary positive leprosy with no apparent lesion in the oral cavity, soft or hard palate were studied for any evidence of pathological involvement. granulomata were present in 11 (65%) out of 17 cheek biopsies studied. m. leprae were identified in four specimens only. 9 specimens (64%) out of 14 palate biopsies showed definite granulomata. m. leprae were seen in six specimens. | 1988 | 3057083 |
| evaluation of an enzyme immunoassay based on sonicate supernatant antigens of mycobacterium w for immunodiagnosis of leprosy. | an enzyme immunoassay (eia) based on sonicate supernatant antigens of a cultivable, atypical bacterium, mycobacterium w (m. w), for immunodiagnosis of leprosy is described. m. w was selected after screening of sonicate supernatant antigens of seven cultivable mycobacteria in eia. the results of the assay were compared with that of eia using phenolic glycolipid-i (pgl-i). the m. w assay was more sensitive than pgl-i based eia, for detection of leprosy patients of all categories, including long te ... | 1988 | 3057081 |
| a protein antigen of mycobacterium leprae is related to a family of small heat shock proteins. | the gene encoding an immunologically important 18-kilodalton protein antigen of mycobacterium leprae has been sequenced, and the amino acid sequence of the antigen has been deduced. the 18-kilodalton antigen is strikingly similar in size and sequence to a family of eucaryotic heat shock proteins. | 1988 | 3056923 |
| the use of a 'universal' yeast expression vector to produce an antigenic protein of mycobacterium leprae. | this report describes the use of a recombinant yeast expression vector to synthesize and secrete the mycobacterium leprae 18 kda antigenic protein. the protein is secreted with a short hydrophilic 'flag' octapeptide fused to its amino-terminus. the fusion protein can be purified directly from yeast culture supernatant through an anti-flag antibody affinity column and the flag octapeptide removed using enterokinase. the method provides a simple and rapid means of obtaining recombinant 18 kda anti ... | 1988 | 3056856 |
| polyspecificity of human monoclonal antibodies reactive with mycobacterium leprae, mitochondria, ssdna, cytoskeletal proteins, and the acetylcholine receptor. | the origin of autoantibodies against ubiquitous autoantigens (e.g., single-stranded (ss) dna, cytoskeletal proteins, mitochondria) is obscure. patients with lepromatous leprosy have many such autoantibodies in their serum. in order to study the polyspecificities of human autoantibodies expressed during infection with mycobacterium leprae we prepared human monoclonal antibodies derived from the fusion of peripheral blood lymphocytes of a patient with lepromatous leprosy to the human lymphoblastoi ... | 1988 | 3056642 |
| the control of infective skin diseases--the lessons of leprosy research. | 1988 | 3056496 | |
| structure-activity relationships of selected phenazines against mycobacterium leprae in vitro. | structure-activity relationships of phenazines against mycobacterium leprae were investigated by using an in vitro radiorespirometric assay. in general, activity in ascending order was observed in compounds containing no chlorine atoms, a monochlorinated phenazine nucleus, and chlorines in the para positions of both the anilino and phenyl rings. the most active compounds contained a 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine substitution at the imino nitrogen. most of these chlorinated phenazines were consid ... | 1988 | 3056241 |
| isolation, purification and quantification of phenolic glycolipid-1 from human leprosy skin tissues. | phenolic glycolipid-i, a marker lipid of mycobacterium leprae, was isolated from skin biopsies obtained from untreated lepromatous leprosy patients by silicic acid and florisil column chromatography and purified by thin layer chromatography. tissues with varying bacillary loads were analysed for their phenolic glycolipid content. a good correlation was observed between the bacillary population of the tissues and the phenolic glycolipid content. | 1988 | 3055463 |
| the nature and kinetics of a delayed immune response to purified protein derivative of tuberculin in the skin of lepromatous leprosy patients. | we have analyzed the nature and kinetics of a delayed, cell-mediated immune response to a purified protein derivative of tuberculin (ppd) in the skin of 154 naturally sensitized patients with lepromatous leprosy. after the intradermal injection of 5 u of ppd, biopsies were taken at 1-21 d and studied for the composition, extent, persistence, and organization of the emigratory cell response by light and electron microscopy. induration of positive sites occurred promptly, reached a maximum diamete ... | 1988 | 3053962 |
| in vitro interaction of m. leprae-infected schwann cells and splenic cells. | the interaction between m. leprae-infected cultured schwann cells and sensitized splenic cells was noted both under light and electron microscopy. no evidence of cytomorphological changes in infected schwann cells was obtained. however, sensitized splenic cells were noted to undergo degenerative changes suggestive of the phenomenon of apoptosis. subsequently a large number of these degenerated cells were observed within the schwann cell. such a process has not been hitherto reported in the histo ... | 1988 | 3051867 |
| leprosy as a zoonosis: an update. | naturally-acquired leprosy has been reported in nine-banded armadillos captured in the southern united states, a chimpanzee from sierra leone, and in two "sooty" mangabey monkeys from nigeria. a significant prevalence of leprosy in wild armadillos establishes this animal as a reservoir of m. leprae, and exposure to armadillos has been implicated as a source of leprosy in humans. current evidence suggests that leprosy is a zoonosis in certain nonhuman primate species. control and eradication prog ... | 1988 | 3051854 |
| size and homology of the genomes of leprosy-derived corynebacteria, mycobacterium leprae, and other corynebacteria and mycobacteria. | the genomes of mycobacterium leprae and leprosy-derived corynebacteria (ldc), which have a similar base composition of guanine + cytosine 56 mol %, have been compared with those of reference bacteria of the cmn group (genera corynebacterium, mycobacterium, nocardia). genome sizes of three ldc strains were (1.2-2.5) x 10(6) base pairs. dna from four of seven ldc strains examined had homology levels greater than 60%. two other strains had a homology of 40% when compared with the cmn strains and on ... | 1988 | 3050108 |
| studies of a common idiotype pr4 in autoimmune rheumatic disease. | a new common idiotype, designated pr4, is described. this idiotype was originally identified on a human hybridoma-derived monoclonal antibody from a patient with leprosy, which binds the major mycobacterium leprae-derived antigen, phenolic glycolipid-1, poly(adp)-ribose, dna, and poly(dt). the pr4 idiotype was found in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) (70%), rheumatoid arthritis (40%), and sjögren's syndrome (15%). it was not, however, found in the spouses of the sle patients or ... | 1988 | 3048272 |
| histopathological changes in the eyes of mangabey monkeys with lepromatous leprosy. | leprosy is the third leading cause of preventable blindness; however, little is known about the spread of infection to the eye. we have studied the eyes of three sooty managabey monkeys. two were experimentally infected with mycobacterium leprae; the third was not infected. in one of the infected animals there was histopathological evidence of lepromatous leprosy as evidenced by a chronic inflammatory infiltrate at the limbus, and detection of acid-fast bacilli in the corneal stroma, blood vesse ... | 1988 | 3047285 |
| armadillo igg and igm antibody responses to phenolic glycolipid-i during experimental infection with m. leprae. | the kinetics of antibody responses of mycobacterium leprae-infected armadillos to phenolic glycolipid-i (pgl-i) were studied by means of elisa. the levels of both igg and igm antibodies to pgl-i increased with time. some animals were less susceptible to disseminations of m. leprae infection and lived longer than others. these animals had high absorbance values (greater than 0.7) for igg anti-pgl-i compared to more susceptible armadillos that had lower absorbance values for igg anti-pgl-i. | 1988 | 3047283 |
| infectivity of secondary dapsone-resistant cases. | the incidence rate of leprosy among 517 household contacts of 113 cases of secondary dapsone resistance with 5074 person years at risk were studied. the incidence rate of leprosy was 4.3 per 1000 person years at risk, which is very similar to the incidence rate (4.8) among household contacts of lepromatous cases. two, possibly three, cases of primary dapsone resistance were detected among the 27 contacts who developed multibacillary leprosy. there was no evidence of dapsone resistance among 48 p ... | 1988 | 3047282 |
| leprosy in six isolated residents of northern louisiana. time-clustered cases in an essentially nonendemic area. | northern louisiana has been essentially free of indigenous leprosy, and now it is not. six new cases of leprosy have been diagnosed: three in 1986, the other three in 1985, 1983, and 1982, respectively. the patients had been lifelong residents of six scattered rural parishes. leprosy had never been reported from five of them. no patient had had contact with human leprosy. the patients were white; four were women; the mean +/- sd age at onset was 60.3 +/- 16.4 years (age range, 31 to 80 years); a ... | 1988 | 3046539 |
| [histopathological and ultrastructural study of a case of leproma involving the entire cornea]. | 1988 | 3046262 | |
| presence of mycobacterium leprae-reactive lymphocytes in lymph nodes of lepromatous leprosy patients. | a critical problem in leprosy is the relative deficiency of antigen-specific t cell-mediated immunity. we were successful in detecting a significant response to viable m. leprae in mononuclear cells isolated from the lymph nodes of lepromatous leprosy patients in contrast to the apparent m. leprae-specific energy seen in the peripheral blood. this observation suggests that antigen-reactive lymphocytes are generated in the lymph nodes of lepromatous patients but the inability to detect them in th ... | 1988 | 3045948 |
| [current thoughts on the immunology of leprosy]. | 1988 | 3045919 | |
| dapsone susceptibility of mycobacterium leprae isolated before 1977. | 1988 | 3045229 | |
| leprosy: the immunologist and the patient. | 1988 | 3045228 | |
| leprosy vaccine--a reappraisal. | 1988 | 3045227 | |
| histologic responses in sixty multibacillary leprosy patients inoculated with autoclaved mycobacterium leprae and live bcg. | sixty lepromatous or borderline lepromatous patients were submitted to immunotherapy with a mixture of autoclaved mycobacterium leprae and bcg. the histopathologic findings in skin biopsy specimens taken before and after immunotherapy were evaluated independently by six histopathologists in a workshop setting. their pooled observations on diagnosis and classification were analyzed to assess the histopathologic changes following various periods of immunotherapy. expressing the results as the aver ... | 1988 | 3045226 |
| partial characterization of antigens from m. leprae evoking igg and igm antibodies in armadillos. | armadillo igg and igm antibody responses to mycobacterium leprae were analyzed using isotypic-specific antisera by means of immunoblotting. blots developed for igg antibodies to m. leprae showed multiple protein antigens (mr = 12-90 k) in some heavily infected armadillos. in contrast, blots developed for igm antibodies to m. leprae showed a single, broad, diffuse band of immunoreactivity at approximately 33 kda. the 33-kda immunogen was detectable with silver stain modified for carbohydrate reac ... | 1988 | 3045225 |
| identification of t-cell-activating recombinant antigens shared among three candidate antileprosy vaccines, killed m. leprae, m. bovis bcg, and mycobacterium w. | antigenic crossreactivity among three candidate antileprosy vaccines, killed mycobacterium leprae, bcg, and mycobacterium w, was studied using t-cell lines and clones raised from bcg- and killed-m. leprae-vaccinated subjects. to identify the crossreactive antigens, the t-cell lines and clones were tested against escherichia coli lysates containing 65-, 36-, 28-, 18-, and 14-kilodalton (kda) and 13b3 m. leprae antigens and 65-, 19-, and 12-kda m. tuberculosis antigens. the short-term t-cell lines ... | 1988 | 3045224 |
| activity of ofloxacin against mycobacterium leprae in the mouse. | mice inoculated with 4800 mycobacterium leprae in the left hind foot pad were treated from day 62 to day 150 after infection with 50 mg or 150 mg of ofloxacin per kg body weight, 150 mg pefloxacin per kg, or 50 mg prothionamide per kg. these drugs were administered by esophageal cannula 5 days weekly with dapsone (0.01 g per 100 g diet). multiplication of m. leprae in the treated and in untreated control mice was assessed by monthly harvests. the treatment of mice with the smaller dosage ofloxac ... | 1988 | 3045223 |
| seroepidemiological studies of leprosy in northern malawi based on an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using synthetic glycoconjugate antigen. | a total of 6002 blood samples from total population samples in four separate areas within karonga district, northern malawi, were tested for anti-mycobacterium leprae antibody using an elisa based on synthetic glycoconjugate antigen. results are presented using different criteria for seropositivity. regardless of the criterion used, the proportion of individuals classified as "positive" rose to a peak at 20-30 years of age and then fell, and it was higher at all ages in females than in males. th ... | 1988 | 3045222 |
| influence of in vitro administered immune complexes on serum levels of complement and circulating immune complexes in mycobacterium leprae infected mice. | 1988 | 3042618 | |
| serological tests in leprosy. the sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of elisa tests based on phenolic glycolipid antigens, and the implications for their use in epidemiological studies. | this paper examines the sensitivity and specificity of two elisa assays for igm antibodies to mycobacterium leprae, one employing natural phenolic glycolipid and the other employing a synthetic disaccharide glycoconjugate as antigen. estimates of sensitivity and specificity are derived, based on a panel of sera from leprosy cases in malawi and various non-leprosy controls from the uk. though both assays were able to identify a high proportion of multibacillary patients, neither was able to detec ... | 1988 | 3042436 |
| a single cell assay for the study of gamma-interferon formation in leprosy patients. | the number of gamma-interferon producing cells in the peripheral blood of leprosy (ll and bt) patients and controls was studied by the reversed protein a plaque assay before and after exposure in vitro to mycobacterium leprae bacilli and epstein-barr virus (ebv). the level of spontaneous gamma-interferon production was significantly higher in bt patients compared to ll patients and controls. mycobacterium leprae induced a specific gamma-interferon response in lymphocytes from bt patients and fro ... | 1987 | 3040308 |
| rifabutin (ansamycin lm 427): a new rifamycin-s derivative for the treatment of mycobacterial diseases. | rifabutin (ansamycin lm 427), a semisynthetic spiropiperidyl derivative of rifamycin s, shows good in vitro activity against most mycobacterial species, including mycobacterium avium complex. in animal models, the drug is more active against both mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium leprae than in rifampin, and studies indicate that rifabutin is active against some rifampin-resistant strains of both species. the drug has a long half-life (16 hr) in humans and a marked tissue tropism, wit ... | 1987 | 3037676 |
| strategies in the development of new drugs and drug combinations against leprosy, demonstrated on the example of folate and gyrase inhibitors. | 1986 | 3033412 | |
| rifabutin and rifapentine compared with rifampin against mycobacterium leprae in mice. | 1987 | 3032088 | |
| separation of mycobacterium leprae from contamination with armadillo-liver-derived "pigment" particles. | mycobacterium leprae isolated from armadillo liver by the widely used immlep protocol is sometimes contaminated with a particulate "pigment." this paper describes a simple, efficient, and rapid method for purifying large quantities of contaminated bacteria, which may readily be used as an additional step added at the end of the protocol when necessary. the process involves a discontinuous percoll gradient and generates an essentially pure fraction containing greater than 90% of the original bact ... | 1986 | 3029249 |
| t90/44 (9.3 antigen). a cell surface molecule with a function in human t cell activation. | t90/44 is a cell surface antigen which is present on human t cells of the helper and cytotoxic subsets and which binds the 9.3 monoclonal antibody (9.3 mab). it is expressed in the form of 90-kda disulfide-bonded dimers of a 44-kda polypeptide and of free 44-kda subunits. the function of t90/44 was investigated in a series of t cell function assays. 9.3 mab was found to inhibit the activation of class ii-restricted cloned t helper cells derived from leprosy patients and reactive with m. leprae a ... | 1986 | 3021470 |
| cloning and expression of mycobacterium bovis bcg dna in "streptomyces lividans". | the ability of "streptomyces lividans" to use the expression signals of genes from mycobacterium bovis bcg was tested in vivo by using gene fusions. random dna fragments from m. bovis bcg were inserted into promoter-probe plasmids in escherichia coli and in "s. lividans." comparison with promoter activity detected with random dna fragments from the respective hosts suggested that "s. lividans" efficiently utilizes a high proportion of mycobacterial promoters, whereas a smaller fraction are expre ... | 1986 | 3020007 |
| construction of genomic libraries of mycobacterial origin: identification of recombinants encoding mycobacterial-specific proteins. | a complete genomic library from mycobacterium vaccae (2785 recombinants) and a partial genomic library of m. leprae and bcg (300 and 1750 clones, respectively) were constructed in the plasmid pbr322. bam hi was selected as the restriction endonuclease for obtaining dna cleavage products. evidence was obtained for limited expression of the cloned mycobacterial dna inserts in escherichia coli. a recombinant has been identified which codes for antigen immunoreactive with rabbit anti-m. leprae antib ... | 1986 | 3018107 |
| adenylate kinase activity in mycobacterium leprae. | adenylate kinase (atp:amp phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.4.3) was detected in partially purified preparations of cell-free extracts of mycobacterium leprae. the apparent km values of m. leprae adenylate kinase for adp and mg2+ were 1 x 10(-4) m, respectively. the enzyme was heat-labile: loss of activity by 80% at 45 degrees c and over 90% at 60 degrees c occurred within 5 min. m. leprae adenylate kinase was distinct from armadillo adenylate kinase in respect of affinity for substrate and heat-sensit ... | 1986 | 3011966 |
| genes for the protein antigens of the tuberculosis and leprosy bacilli. | the lambda gt 11 expression vector permitted us to survey protein antigens of mycobacterium leprae and mycobacterium tuberculosis expressed in escherichia coli. using monoclonal antibodies, recombinant clones were detected producing three major antigens of m. tuberculosis and five major protein antigens of m. leprae. these recombinant antigens produced in e. coli should prove useful for diagnosis, epidemiology and possibly the development of recombinant mycobacterial vaccines. | 1985 | 3006821 |
| respiration in mycobacterium leprae. | fairly pure leprosy bacilli were easily collected from nude mouse foot pad lepromas by the ficoll density gradient centrifugation and alkali treatment methods. the yield of bacilli available for biochemical study was 42.6%. the density of mycobacterium leprae was very heterogeneous. the percent of solid bacilli in the light bacilli fraction was 23%; that in the heavy bacilli fraction was 40%. the endogenous respiration activity in the heavy bacilli was greater than that in light bacilli. the ave ... | 1985 | 3003214 |
| ultrastructure of leprous phlebitis. | an ultrastructural study on vein biopsies from six lepromatous leprosy patients was carried out. the results showed that a) the lumen-lining bacillated cells were endothelial in origin due to the presence of specific weibel-palade endothelial cell granules; b) endothelial cells released mycobacterium leprae into the lumen by exophagocytosis; c) m. leprae were able to grow and multiply in the endothelial and smooth muscle cells; and d) smooth muscle cells did not show any evidence of reaction due ... | 1985 | 3003213 |
| mycobacterium leprae fails to stimulate phagocytic cell superoxide anion generation. | mycobacterium leprae is an intracellular pathogen that is ingested by and proliferates within cells of the monocyte/macrophage series. mechanisms by which intracellular pathogens resist destruction may involve failure to elicit a phagocyte "respiratory burst" or resistance to toxic oxygen derivatives and lysosomal enzymes. we have studied the ability of m. leprae and mycobacterium bovis bcg to stimulate the generation of superoxide anion (o2-) in vitro by human blood neutrophils and monocytes an ... | 1986 | 3002986 |
| epstein-barr virus-transformed b cell lines present m. leprae antigens to t cells. | we have investigated whether or not epstein-barr virus-transformed lymphoblastoid b cell lines (ebv-blcl) are able to present mycobacterium leprae (m. leprae) to antigen-reactive t cell lines and clones. such ebv-blcl would provide us with a homogeneous and unlimited source of antigen-presenting cells. antigen-triggered proliferation of t cells has been studied with co-cultures either with autologous or allogeneic irradiated ebv-blcl. our results show that ebv-blcl are able to present m. leprae ... | 1985 | 3001928 |
| evidence for the activity of rifampin on the neuropathy of foot pad-inoculated mice with mycobacterium leprae. | 1985 | 2995517 | |
| activation of human monocytes in leprosy. | in leprosy, the common etiologic agent is the same mycobacterium leprae, but the clinical manifestations are various, including the tuberculoid and lepromatous types. in tuberculoid type leprosy, macrophages in the granuloma differentiate into epithelioid cells; in the lepromatous type, in contrast, they differentiate into lepra cells containing multiple m. leprae. thus host factors, which regulate macrophage activities, determine the type of leprosy. to understand such regulation of macrophage ... | 1985 | 2989662 |
| defective cell-mediated immunity in leprosy: failure of t cells from lepromatous leprosy patients to respond to mycobacterium leprae is associated with defective expression of interleukin 2 receptors and is not reconstituted by interleukin 2. | patients with lepromatous leprosy (ll) but not borderline tuberculoid leprosy (bt) have defective cell-mediated immune responses to mycobacterium leprae, despite normal responses to other stimuli, as judged by in vivo skin testing and in vitro lymphocyte transformation. to investigate the basis of the immune defect in ll patients, we studied the ability of patient mononuclear leukocytes to produce interleukin 1 (il 1) and interleukin 2 (il 2) upon stimulation with m. leprae, and determined the a ... | 1985 | 2989366 |
| human monoclonal antibodies against mycobacterium leprae. | human hybridomas were constructed which produce antibodies against three different extracts of mycobacterium leprae. a thioguanine-resistant (thgr), ouabain-resistant (ouar), human lymphoblastoid cell line, kr-4, was hybridized with epstein-barr virus-transformed cell lines from lepromatous leprosy patients with fusion frequencies of greater than 10(-5). non-epstein-barr virus-transformed donor cells fused at much lower rates (less than 2 x 10(-7]. hybrids were selected in medium containing hypo ... | 1985 | 2989177 |
| hydrogen peroxide and superoxide production by peripheral blood monocytes in leprosy. | susceptibility to infection with mycobacterium leprae, the causative organism of leprosy, is the result of a defect in cell-mediated immunity (cmi). the co-operation of macrophages and t lymphocytes is known to be essential for competent cmi response. in this study we have examined peripheral blood monocytes from a range of leprosy patients in an attempt to identify a possible defect in macrophage function. the ability of these cells to produce hydrogen peroxide and superoxide, two bactericidal ... | 1985 | 2988833 |
| the influence of immunosuppression and immunodeficiency on infections with leprosy and tuberculosis. | 1985 | 2987376 | |
| human monoclonal antibodies to phenolic glycolipid-1 from leprosy patients cross react with poly(adp-ribose), polynucleotides and tissue bound antigens. | antibodies which bind to poly(adp-ribose) have been described in systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) and a variety of infectious diseases. two igm kappa human monoclonal antibodies (mabs), th3 and pr4, produced from the fusion of peripheral blood lymphocytes of leprosy patients with the gm4672 lymphoblastoid cell line, were found to bind to poly(adp-ribose) in direct binding and inhibition elisas. significant inhibition of binding of these mabs to poly(adp-ribose) occurred with phenolic glycolipi ... | 1988 | 2979617 |
| [study on short-term clinical trial of r-77-3 [3-(4-cyclo-pentyl-l-piperazinyl) imino methyl rifamycin sv] by mouse foot-pad technique]. | 1988 | 2978259 |