Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| spatial differentiation of gene expression in aspergillus niger colony grown for sugar beet pulp utilization. | degradation of plant biomass to fermentable sugars is of critical importance for the use of plant materials for biofuels. filamentous fungi are ubiquitous organisms and major plant biomass degraders. single colonies of some fungal species can colonize massive areas as large as five soccer stadia. during growth, the mycelium encounters heterogeneous carbon sources. here we assessed whether substrate heterogeneity is a major determinant of spatial gene expression in colonies of aspergillus niger. ... | 2015 | 26314379 |
| the arabidopsis immune regulator srfr1 dampens defences against herbivory by spodoptera exigua and parasitism by heterodera schachtii. | plants have developed diverse mechanisms to fine tune defence responses to different types of enemy. cross-regulation between signalling pathways may allow the prioritization of one response over another. previously, we identified suppressor of rps4-rld1 (srfr1) as a negative regulator of enhanced disease susceptibility1 (eds1)-dependent effector-triggered immunity against the bacterial pathogen pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain dc3000 expressing avrrps4. the use of multiple stresses is a p ... | 2016 | 26310916 |
| characterisation and identification of triterpene saponins in the roots of red beets (beta vulgaris l.) using two hplc-ms systems. | triterpene saponins are important bioactive constituents with an enormous variety in structure widely distributed in many plants. here, we profiled triterpene saponins from the skin and flesh of red beetroot beta vulgaris l. cultivars nochowski from 2012 and 2013 season using reversed-phase liquid chromatography combined with negative-ion electrospray ionisation quadrupole mass spectrometry. we tentatively identified 44 triterpene saponins, of which 37 had not been detected previously in the roo ... | 2016 | 26304438 |
| suppressed expression of choline monooxygenase in sugar beet on the accumulation of glycine betaine. | glycine betaine (gb) is an important osmoprotectant and synthesized by two-step oxidation of choline. choline monooxygenase (cmo) catalyzes the first step of the pathway and is believed to be a rate limiting step for gb synthesis. recent studies have shown the importance of choline-precursor supply for gb synthesis. in order to investigate the role of cmo for gb accumulation in sugar beet (beta vulgaris), transgenic plants carrying the antisense bvcmo gene were developed. the antisense bvcmo pla ... | 2015 | 26302482 |
| cross-linking oppositely charged oil-in-water emulsions to enhance heteroaggregate stability. | the formation and subsequent enzymatic and chemical cross-linking of heteroaggregates from oppositely charged oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions was investigated. for this purpose, 10% (w/w) oil-in-water emulsions (d43<1 μm) were prepared at ph 4 using a positively charged emulsifier (nα-lauroyl-l-arginine ethyl ester (lae), cold water fish gelatin, or whey protein isolate) or a negatively charged one (sugar beet pectin or quillaja saponins). the oppositely charged emulsions were then combined at a vo ... | 2015 | 26298085 |
| point mutation impairs centromeric cenh3 loading and induces haploid plants. | the chromosomal position of the centromere-specific histone h3 variant cenh3 (also called "cenp-a") is the assembly site for the kinetochore complex of active centromeres. any error in transcription, translation, modification, or incorporation can affect the ability to assemble intact cenh3 chromatin and can cause centromere inactivation [allshire rc, karpen gh (2008) nat rev genet 9 (12):923-937]. here we show that a single-point amino acid exchange in the centromere-targeting domain of cenh3 l ... | 2015 | 26294252 |
| microbial community dynamics in replicate anaerobic digesters exposed sequentially to increasing organic loading rate, acidosis, and process recovery. | volatile fatty acid intoxication (acidosis), a common process failure recorded in anaerobic reactors, leads to drastic losses in methane production. unfortunately, little is known about the microbial mechanisms underlining acidosis and the potential to recover the process. in this study, triplicate mesophilic anaerobic reactors of 100 l were exposed to acidosis resulting from an excessive feeding with sugar beet pulp and were compared to a steady-state reactor. | 2015 | 26288654 |
| neuroprotective potential of beta vulgaris l. in parkinson's disease. | the objective was to investigate the neuroprotective role of beta vulgaris in parkinson's disease (pd). | 2017 | 26288473 |
| co-expression of xerophyte zygophyllum xanthoxylum zxnhx and zxvp1-1 confers enhanced salinity tolerance in chimeric sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). | salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses that limit the growth and productivity of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.). to improve sugar beet's salinity tolerance, the zxnhx and zxvp1-1 genes encoding tonoplast na(+)/h(+) antiporter and h(+)-ppase from xerophyte zygophyllum xanthoxylum were co-expressed by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. it is showed here that co-expression of zxnhx and zxvp1-1 confers enhanced salinity tolerance to the transformed sugar beet plants compared wi ... | 2015 | 26284097 |
| pesticide runoff from energy crops: a threat to aquatic invertebrates? | the european union aims to reach a 10% share of biofuels in the transport sector by 2020. the major burden is most likely to fall on already established annual energy crops such as rapeseed and cereals for the production of biodiesel and bioethanol, respectively. annual energy crops are typically cultivated in intensive agricultural production systems, which require the application of pesticides. agricultural pesticides can have adverse effects on aquatic invertebrates in adjacent streams. we as ... | 2015 | 26282752 |
| centrifugal partition chromatography in a biorefinery context: separation of monosaccharides from hydrolysed sugar beet pulp. | a critical step in the bioprocessing of sustainable biomass feedstocks, such as sugar beet pulp (sbp), is the isolation of the component sugars from the hydrolysed polysaccharides. this facilitates their subsequent conversion into higher value chemicals and pharmaceutical intermediates. separation methodologies such as centrifugal partition chromatography (cpc) offer an alternative to traditional resin-based chromatographic techniques for multicomponent sugar separations. highly polar two-phase ... | 2015 | 26278358 |
| in vitro digestion and fermentation properties of linear sugar-beet arabinan and its oligosaccharides. | this study was conducted to investigate the prebiotic effects of linear arabino-oligosaccharides (laos) and debranched (linear) sugar beet arabinan (lar) for the development of new prebiotics. laos were prepared from lar by enzymatic hydrolysis with endo-arabinanase from bacillus licheniformis, followed by removal of the arabinose fraction by incubation with resting cells of leuconostoc mesenteroides. the resulting laos contained dp2 (28.7%), dp3 (49.9%), dp4 (20.1%), and dp5 (1.16%). a standard ... | 2015 | 26256159 |
| carry-over of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (pcdd/fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in dairy cows fed smoke contaminated maize silage or sugar beet pulp. | fires and improper drying may result in contamination of feed with pcdd/fs and pcbs. to predict the impact of elevated feed levels, it is important to understand the carry-over to edible products from food producing animals. therefore, a carry-over study was performed with maize silage contaminated by a fire with pvc materials, and with sugar beet pulp contaminated by drying with coal, containing particles from a plastic roof. levels of pcdd/fs and dl-pcbs in the maize silage were 0.93 and 0.25 ... | 2015 | 26253955 |
| theoretical determination of the pk a values of betalamic acid related to the free radical scavenger capacity: comparison between empirical and quantum chemical methods. | health benefits of dietary phytochemicals have been suggested in recent years. among 1000s of different compounds, betalains, which occur in vegetables of the cariophyllalae order (cactus pear fruits and red beet), have been considered because of reducing power and potential to affect redox-modulated cellular processes. the antioxidant power of betalains is strictly due to the dissociation rate of the acid moieties present in all the molecules of this family of phytochemicals. experimentally, on ... | 2016 | 26253717 |
| hplc-ms(n) identification of betalain profile of different beetroot (beta vulgaris l. ssp. vulgaris) parts and cultivars. | the distribution of betalains in peel, flesh, and petioles of yellow and red beetroot cultivars has been investigated using an high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) system with electrospray mass spectrometry. differences in the levels of betacyanins and betaxanthins between different colored cultivars were individually determined for 3 plant parts. the content of almost all analyzed compounds decreased in the following order: peel > flesh > petiole. betanin/isobetanin pigments comprised ... | 2015 | 26243178 |
| breeding patterns and cultivated beets origins by genetic diversity and linkage disequilibrium analyses. | genetic diversity in worldwide population of beets is strongly affected by the domestication history, and the comparison of linkage disequilibrium in worldwide and elite populations highlights strong selection pressure. genetic relationships and linkage disequilibrium (ld) were evaluated in a set of 2035 worldwide beet accessions and in another of 1338 elite sugar beet lines, using 320 and 769 single nucleotide polymorphisms, respectively. the structures of the populations were analyzed using fo ... | 2015 | 26239407 |
| closely related fungi employ diverse enzymatic strategies to degrade plant biomass. | plant biomass is the major substrate for the production of biofuels and biochemicals, as well as food, textiles and other products. it is also the major carbon source for many fungi and enzymes of these fungi are essential for the depolymerization of plant polysaccharides in industrial processes. this is a highly complex process that involves a large number of extracellular enzymes as well as non-hydrolytic proteins, whose production in fungi is controlled by a set of transcriptional regulators. ... | 2015 | 26236396 |
| the requirements for rumen-degradable protein per unit of fermentable organic matter differ between fibrous feed sources. | ruminant feed evaluation systems use constant minimum requirements of rumen-degradable protein (rdp) and often relate this to apparently degradable organic matter (om). however, studies with tropical forages indicate that rdp: apparently degraded om might not be constant across high-fiber diets. this was tested with semi-continuous ruminal cultures (rusitec) using dried contrasting low-protein fiber sources: brachiaria hay (high in fiber, medium lignified), apple pomace (medium in fiber, highly ... | 2015 | 26236297 |
| estimation of the committed radiation dose resulting from gamma radionuclides ingested with food. | the objective of the study was to estimate the value of the radiation dose absorbed in consequence of consumption of popular food products for individual age groups. potatoes, corn and sugar beet were selected for the study. edible parts of these plants were collected in experimental fields of the kws lochów polska sp. z o.o. seeding company in kondratowice (poland). on the basis of the obtained study results, it can be stated that in consequence of consumption of the selected food products, peo ... | 2017 | 26229217 |
| the implication of irrigation in climate change impact assessment: a european-wide study. | this study evaluates the impacts of projected climate change on irrigation requirements and yields of six crops (winter wheat, winter barley, rapeseed, grain maize, potato, and sugar beet) in europe. furthermore, the uncertainty deriving from consideration of irrigation, co2 effects on crop growth and transpiration, and different climate change scenarios in climate change impact assessments is quantified. net irrigation requirement (nir) and yields of the six crops were simulated for a baseline ... | 2015 | 26227557 |
| characterisation of betalain biosynthesis in parakeelya flowers identifies the key biosynthetic gene dod as belonging to an expanded ligb gene family that is conserved in betalain-producing species. | plant betalain pigments are intriguing because they are restricted to the caryophyllales and are mutually exclusive with the more common anthocyanins. however, betalain biosynthesis is poorly understood compared to that of anthocyanins. in this study, betalain production and betalain-related genes were characterized in parakeelya mirabilis (montiaceae). rt-pcr and transcriptomics identified three sequences related to the key biosynthetic enzyme dopa 4,5-dioxgenase (dod). in addition to a ligb ge ... | 2015 | 26217353 |
| genome mining and metabolic profiling of the rhizosphere bacterium pseudomonas sp. sh-c52 for antimicrobial compounds. | the plant microbiome represents an enormous untapped resource for discovering novel genes and bioactive compounds. previously, we isolated pseudomonas sp. sh-c52 from the rhizosphere of sugar beet plants grown in a soil suppressive to the fungal pathogen rhizoctonia solani and showed that its antifungal activity is, in part, attributed to the production of the chlorinated 9-amino-acid lipopeptide thanamycin (mendes et al., 2011). to get more insight into its biosynthetic repertoire, the genome o ... | 2015 | 26217324 |
| semi-continuous anaerobic co-digestion of sugar beet byproduct and pig manure: effect of the organic loading rate (olr) on process performance. | anaerobic co-digestion of dried pellet of exhausted sugar beet cossettes (esbc-dp) with pig manure (pm) was investigated in a semi-continuous stirred tank reactor (sstr) under mesophilic conditions. seven hydraulic retention times (hrt) from 20 to 5 days were tested with the aim to evaluate the methane productivities and volatile solids (vs) removal. the corresponding organic loading rates (olr) ranged from 4.2 to 12.8 gvs/l(reactor) d. the findings revealed that highest system efficiency was ac ... | 2015 | 26210141 |
| functionally redundant but dissimilar microbial communities within biogas reactors treating maize silage in co-fermentation with sugar beet silage. | numerous observations indicate a high flexibility of microbial communities in different biogas reactors during anaerobic digestion. here, we describe the functional redundancy and structural changes of involved microbial communities in four lab-scale continuously stirred tank reactors (cstrs, 39°c, 12 l volume) supplied with different mixtures of maize silage (ms) and sugar beet silage (sbs) over 80 days. continuously stirred tank reactors were fed with mixtures of ms and sbs in volatile solid r ... | 2015 | 26200922 |
| fungal phytotoxins with potential herbicidal activity to control chenopodium album. | this review deals with the isolation and chemical and biological characterization of phytotoxins produced by ascochyta caulina and phoma chenopodiicola proposed as mycoherbicides for the biological control of chenopodium album, a worldwide spread weed which causes serious problems to some agrarian crops, including sugar beet and maize. studies on the structure activity relationships and on the modes of actions of toxins isolated are also described, as well as the optimization of analytical metho ... | 2015 | 26197562 |
| transcriptome analysis of beta macrocarpa and identification of differentially expressed transcripts in response to beet necrotic yellow vein virus infection. | rhizomania is one of the most devastating diseases of sugar beet. it is caused by beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) transmitted by the obligate root-infecting parasite polymyxa betae. beta macrocarpa, a wild beet species widely used as a systemic host in the laboratory, can be rub-inoculated with bnyvv to avoid variation associated with the presence of the vector p. betae. to better understand disease and resistance between beets and bnyvv, we characterized the transcriptome of b. macrocar ... | 2015 | 26196682 |
| effects of lactofermented beetroot juice alone or with n-nitroso-n-methylurea on selected metabolic parameters, composition of the microbiota adhering to the gut epithelium and antioxidant status of rats. | an objective of this work was to assess the biological activity of beetroot juice (chrobry variety, beta vulgaris l. ssp. vulgaris), which was lactofermented by probiotic bacteria lactobacillus brevis 0944 and lactobacillus paracasei 0920. the oxidative status of blood serum, kidneys, and liver of rats consuming the fermented beetroot juice were determined. the experimental rats were divided into four groups on diet type: basal diet, basal diet supplemented with fermented beetroot juice, basal d ... | 2015 | 26193312 |
| differential immunosuppression by campoletis chlorideae eggs and ichnovirus in larvae of helicoverpa armigera and spodoptera exigua. | the ichneumonid wasp, campoletis chlorideae uchida, successfully develops in the cotton bollworm helicoverpa armigera (hübner), but rarely survives in the beet armyworm spodoptera exigua (hübner) due to the encapsulation by host immunity. in this study, we investigated the role of c. chlorideae ichnovirus (cciv) and eggs in the evasion of the host immune system. washed eggs of different types, immature, mature, newly laid, or pretreated with protease k, were injected alone or with the calyx flui ... | 2015 | 26183795 |
| hydrogen production by hup(-) mutant and wild-type strains of rhodobacter capsulatus from dark fermentation effluent of sugar beet thick juice in batch and continuous photobioreactors. | photofermentative production of hydrogen is a promising and sustainable process; however, it should be coupled to dark fermentation to become cost effective. in order to integrate dark fermentation and photofermentation, the suitability of dark fermenter effluents for the photofermentative hydrogen production must be demonstrated. in this study, thermophilic dark fermenter effluent (dfe) of sugar beet thick juice was used as a substrate in photofermentation process to compare wild-type and uptak ... | 2015 | 26164274 |
| environmental fate of the herbicide fluazifop-p-butyl and its degradation products in two loamy agricultural soils: a combined laboratory and field study. | the herbicide fluazifop-p-butyl (fpb) is used against grasses in agricultural crops such as potato, oilseed rape, and sugar beet. limited information is available in scientific literature on its environmental fate, therefore extensive monitoring at two agricultural test fields was combined with laboratory studies to determine leaching and the underlying degradation and sorption processes. water samples from drains, suction cups, and groundwater wells showed leaching of the degradation products f ... | 2015 | 26147883 |
| challenges facing european agriculture and possible biotechnological solutions. | agriculture faces many challenges to maximize yields while it is required to operate in an environmentally sustainable manner. in the present study, we analyze the major agricultural challenges identified by european farmers (primarily related to biotic stresses) in 13 countries, namely belgium, bulgaria, the czech republic, france, germany, hungary, italy, portugal, romania, spain, sweden, uk and turkey, for nine major crops (barley, beet, grapevine, maize, oilseed rape, olive, potato, sunflowe ... | 2016 | 26133365 |
| effect of type of fiber, site of fermentation, and method of analysis on digestibility of soluble and insoluble fiber in rabbits. | the effect of type of fiber, site of fermentation, method for quantifying insoluble and soluble dietary fiber, and their correction for intestinal mucin on fiber digestibility were examined in rabbits. three diets differing in soluble fiber were formulated (8.5% soluble fiber, on dm basis, in the low soluble fiber [lsf] diet; 10.2% in the medium soluble fiber [msf] diet; and 14.5% in the high soluble fiber [hsf] diet). they were obtained by replacing half of the dehydrated alfalfa in the msf die ... | 2015 | 26115273 |
| phosphorylation of beet black scorch virus coat protein by pka is required for assembly and stability of virus particles. | plant virus coat proteins (cps) play a fundamental role in protection of genomic rnas, virion assembly, and viral movement. although phosphorylation of several cps during virus infection have been reported, little information is available about cp phosphorylation of the spherical rna plant viruses. here, we demonstrate that the cp of beet black scorch virus (bbsv), a member of the genus necrovirus, can be phosphorylated at threonine-41 (t41) by camp-dependent protein kinase (pka)-like kinase in ... | 2015 | 26108567 |
| accumulation of heavy metals in the vegetables grown in wastewater irrigated areas of dehradun, india with reference to human health risk. | the present study on accumulation of heavy metals in the vegetables viz. beta vulgaris, phaseolus vulgaris, spinacea oleracea, and brassica oleracea var. botrytis grown in the wastewater-irrigated soil near the bindal river, dehradun, has shown the maximum accumulation of metals for pb (196.91 ± 8.13 mg/kg), cu (36.75 ± 6.19 mg/kg), zn (305.54 ± 14.30 mg/kg), ni (125.48 ± 5.97 mg/kg), cd (29.58 ± 4.26 mg/kg), and cr (93.06 ± 3.25 mg/kg) in agricultural soil irrigated with wastewater. the enrichm ... | 2015 | 26092239 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome of the beet webworm, spoladea recurvalis (lepidoptera: crambidae) and its phylogenetic implications. | the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the beet webworm, spoladea recurvalis has been sequenced. the circular genome is 15,273 bp in size, encoding 13 protein-coding genes (pcgs), two rrna genes, and 22 trna genes and containing a control region with gene order and orientation identical to that of other ditrysian lepidopteran mitogenomes. the nucleotide composition of the mitogenome shows a high a+t content of 80.9%, and the at skewness is slightly negative (-0.023). all pcgs start wi ... | 2015 | 26091291 |
| use of green manure crops and sugar beet varieties to control heterodera betae. | although it is less studied than the white beet cyst nematode (heterodera schachtii), the yellow beet cyst nematode (h. betae) has been found in many countries in europe. for example in the netherlands, france and spain. h. betae causes yield losses on sandy soils. a high infestation can result in loss of complete plants. in the netherlands, this nematode is especially found in the south eastern and north eastern part, where it occurs on 18% and 5% of the fields, respectively. from a project of ... | 2014 | 26084110 |
| weed population in relation to crop rotation and nitrogen fertilisation. | in order to assess the impact of crop rotation and nitrogen fertilisation in an agro system, a long-term field experiment has been established in 2006 at the experimental farm of ghent university and university college ghent (bottelare-belgium). the trial comprises 11 different crop rotations in combination with four nitrogen fertilizer regimes. the different crop rotations are monoculture of grain- and silage maize, whether or not followed by italian ryegrass, permanent and temporary grass-clov ... | 2014 | 26084084 |
| tuneable stability of nanoemulsions fabricated using spontaneous emulsification by biopolymer electrostatic deposition. | nanoemulsions can be formed spontaneously from surfactant-oil-water systems using low energy methods. in this work, we showed that the droplets in oil-in-water nanoemulsions fabricated by spontaneous emulsification could be coated with an anionic biopolymer (beet pectin) using electrostatic deposition. nanoemulsions were formed by titrating oil (medium chain triglycerides) and surfactant (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate+lauric arginate) mixtures into an aqueous solution (10 mm citrate buff ... | 2015 | 26070187 |
| roles of reversible and irreversible aggregation in sugar processing. | colloids (1-1000-nm particles) in sugarcane/beet juice originate from non-sucrose impurities (polyphenolic colorants, residual soil, polysaccharides) of the plant materials; additional colloids form during the high temperature processing. colloids are reactive toward aggregation, sorption, desorption, and redox/hydrolysis/thermal transformation reactions. both derjaguin-landau-verwey-overbeek (dlvo; van der waals and electrostatic forces) and non-dlvo (involving hydrophilic colloids) interaction ... | 2017 | 26065543 |
| heterologous expression and characterization of α-l-arabinofuranosidase 4 from penicillium purpurogenum and comparison with the other isoenzymes produced by the fungus. | penicillium purpurogenum secretes at least four arabinofuranosidases. in this work, the gene of α-l-arabinofuranosidase 4 (abf4) has been sequenced and expressed in pichia pastoris. the gene is 1521 pb long, has no introns and codes for a protein of 506 amino acid residues including a signal peptide of 26 residues. mature protein has a calculated molecular mass of 55.4 kda, shows 77% identity with α-l-arabinofuranosidase 1 from p. purpurogenum and belongs to family 54 of the glycosyl hydrolases. ... | 2015 | 26058539 |
| enhanced heavy metal tolerance and accumulation by transgenic sugar beets expressing streptococcus thermophilus stgcs-gs in the presence of cd, zn and cu alone or in combination. | phytoremediation is a promising means of ameliorating heavy metal pollution through the use of transgenic plants as artificial hyperaccumulators. a novel streptococcus thermophilus γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase-glutathione synthetase (stgcs-gs) that synthesizes glutathione (gsh) with limited feedback inhibition was overexpressed in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.), yielding three transgenic lines (s2, s4 and s5) with enhanced tolerance to different concentrations of cadmium, zinc and copper, as ind ... | 2015 | 26057126 |
| outcrossing potential between 11 important genetically modified crops and the chilean vascular flora. | the potential impact of genetically modified (gm) crops on biodiversity is one of the main concerns in an environmental risk assessment (era). the likelihood of outcrossing and pollen-mediated gene flow from gm crops and non-gm crops are explained by the same principles and depend primarily on the biology of the species. we conducted a national-scale study of the likelihood of outcrossing between 11 gm crops and vascular plants in chile by use of a systematized database that included cultivated, ... | 2016 | 26052925 |
| combined effects of independent variables on yield and protein content of pectin extracted from sugar beet pulp by citric acid. | the extraction of pectin from sugar beet pulp by citric acid was carried out under different conditions using box-behnken design for four independent variables (ph, temperature, time and liquid to solid ratio). the yield of sugar beet pulp pectin ranged from 6.3% to 23.0%, and the content of protein from 1.5% to 4.5%. all independent variables significantly affected the yield, and all variables except liquid to solid ratio significantly affected the protein content. the yield increased as decrea ... | 2015 | 26050895 |
| post-translational mechanisms are associated with fertility restoration of cytoplasmic male sterility in sugar beet (beta vulgaris). | genetic conflict between cytoplasmically inherited elements and nuclear genes arising from their different transmission patterns can be seen in cytoplasmic male sterility (cms), the mitochondrion-encoded inability to shed functional pollen. cms is associated with a mitochondrial open reading frame (orf) that is absent from non-sterility inducing mitochondria (s-orf). nuclear genes that suppress cms are called restorer-of-fertility (rf) genes. post-transcriptional and translational repression of ... | 2015 | 26031622 |
| fungal invasion of the rhizosphere microbiome. | the rhizosphere is the infection court where soil-borne pathogens establish a parasitic relationship with the plant. to infect root tissue, pathogens have to compete with members of the rhizosphere microbiome for available nutrients and microsites. in disease-suppressive soils, pathogens are strongly restricted in growth by the activities of specific rhizosphere microorganisms. here, we sequenced metagenomic dna and rna of the rhizosphere microbiome of sugar beet seedlings grown in a soil suppre ... | 2016 | 26023875 |
| effects of microbial phytase on apparent and standardized total tract digestibility of calcium in calcium supplements fed to growing pigs. | an experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that differences in the apparent total tract digestibility (attd) and standardized total tract digestibility (sttd) of ca exist among ca supplements and that inclusion of microbial phytase increases the attd and sttd of ca. one hundred and four growing barrows (average initial bw of 17.73 ± 2.53 kg) were allotted to a randomized complete block design with 13 dietary treatments and 8 pigs per treatment. a basal diet containing corn, cornstarch, p ... | 2015 | 26020322 |
| noteworthy facts about a methane-producing microbial community processing acidic effluent from sugar beet molasses fermentation. | anaerobic digestion is a complex process involving hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis. the separation of the hydrogen-yielding (dark fermentation) and methane-yielding steps under controlled conditions permits the production of hydrogen and methane from biomass. the characterization of microbial communities developed in bioreactors is crucial for the understanding and optimization of fermentation processes. previously we developed an effective system for hydrogen productio ... | 2015 | 26000448 |
| establishment and characterization of three embryonic cell lines of beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | three cell lines (qau-se-e-1, -2 and -3, or se-1, -2 and -3 for short) were established from eggs of beet armyworm (spodoptera exigua) that have been passaged stably for more than 60 times in tnm-fh medium supplemented with 10 % fetal bovine serum. the cell lines consisted of round and spindle-shaped cells. the round cells accounted for 96.82, 84.34 and 83.16 % of the cells in the three cell lines, respectively, with cell diameters of 16.21 ± 0.72, 15.63 ± 0.58 and 13.06 ± 0.44 μm. random amplif ... | 2016 | 25999173 |
| genetic diversity and population structure of beet necrotic yellow vein virus in china. | beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) is a serious threat to the sugar beet industry worldwide. however, little information is available regarding the genetic diversity and population structure of bnyvv in china. here, we analyzed multiple sequences from four genomic regions (cp, rna3, rna4 and rna5) of a set of chinese isolates. sequence analyses revealed that several isolates were mixed infections of variants with different genotypes and/or different p25 tetrad motifs. in total, 12 distinct ... | 2015 | 25997927 |
| [betaine-enriched beet suppresses hyperhomocysteinemia induced by choline deficiency in rats]. | to investigate the dose-dependent effects of beet powder supplementation on hyperhomocysteinemia induced by choline deprivation in rats. methods 48 rats of the wistar were fed 25% soybean protein diet (25s), choline deprivation in 25s diets (25scd) with different betaine levels (0. 05% and 0. 1%) and beet powder levels (4. 12% and 8. 24%) corresponds to betaine levels for 10 days, and they were killed by decapitation to obtain blood and livers was subject to analysis the concentration of homocys ... | 2015 | 25997234 |
| synthesis and insecticidal activity of spinosyns with c9-o-benzyl bioisosteres in place of the 2',3',4'-tri-o-methyl rhamnose. | the spinosyns are fermentation-derived natural products active against a wide range of insect pests. they are structurally complex, consisting of two sugars (forosamine and rhamnose) coupled to a macrocyclic tetracycle. removal of the rhamnose sugar results in a >100-fold reduction in insecticidal activity. c9-o-benzyl analogues of spinosyn d were synthesized to determine if the 2',3',4'-tri-o-methyl rhamnose moiety could be replaced with a simpler, synthetic bioisostere. insecticidal activity w ... | 2015 | 25993441 |
| consumer acceptance and stability of spray dried betanin in model juices. | spray dried beetroot powder was used to colour model juices, and the consumer acceptance of the juices and stability of the colour during storage at 60 °c, 20 °c, 4 °c, and -20 °c were studied. the majority of the consumers preferred the model juices coloured with anthocyanins or beetroot extract over model juices coloured with spray dried beetroot powder. the consumers preferred more intensely coloured samples over lighter samples. spray dried betanin samples were described as 'unnatural' and ' ... | 2015 | 25977043 |
| antifungal activity of the ribosome-inactivating protein be27 from sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) against the green mould penicillium digitatum. | the ribosome-inactivating protein be27 from sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) leaves is an apoplastic protein induced by signalling compounds, such as hydrogen peroxide and salicylic acid, which has been reported to be involved in defence against viruses. here, we report that, at a concentration much lower than that present in the apoplast, be27 displays antifungal activity against the green mould penicillium digitatum, a necrotrophic fungus that colonizes wounds and grows in the inter- and intracel ... | 2016 | 25976013 |
| inter-block information: to recover or not to recover it? | comparing standard errors of treatment differences using fixed or random block effects with the approximation of kackar and harville helps in choosing the preferable assumption for blocks in the analysis of field experiments. blocked designs are common in plant breeding field trials. depending on the precision of variance estimates, recovery of inter-block information via random block effects may be worthwhile. a challenge in practice is to decide when recovery of information should be pursued. ... | 2015 | 25972114 |
| miscellaneous additives can enhance plant uptake and affect geochemical fractions of copper in a heavily polluted riparian grassland soil. | the problem of copper (cu) pollution in riverine ecosystems is world-wide and has significant environmental, eco-toxicological, and agricultural relevance. we assessed the suitability and effectiveness of application rate of 1% of activated charcoal, bentonite, biochar, cement kiln dust, chitosan, coal fly ash, limestone, nano-hydroxyapatite, organo-clay, sugar beet factory lime, and zeolite as soil amendments together with rapeseed as bioenergy crop as a possible remediation option for a heavil ... | 2015 | 25968602 |
| efficient acetone-butanol-ethanol production by clostridium beijerinckii from sugar beet pulp. | sugar beet pulp (sbp) has been investigated as a promising feedstock for abe fermentation by clostridium beijerinckii. although lignin content in sbp is low, a pretreatment is needed to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation yields. autohydrolysis at ph 4 has been selected as the best pretreatment for sbp in terms of sugars release and acetone and butanol production. the best overall sugars release yields from raw sbp ranged from 66.2% to 70.6% for this pretreatment. the highest abe yield ... | 2015 | 25965949 |
| increased fat and polyunsaturated fatty acid content in sow gestation diet has no effect on gene expression in progeny during the first 7 days of life. | the 'developmental origins of health and disease' hypothesis proposes not only that we are what we eat, but also that we could be what our parents ate. here, we aimed to improve health and performance of young piglets via maternal diets based on the hypothesis that maternal nutritional interventions change metabolic programming in piglets, reflected by differential gene expression early in life. therefore, sows were fed either a regular diet, based on barley, wheat and wheat by-products, sugar b ... | 2016 | 25962343 |
| effects of feeding different levels of corn steep liquor on the performance of fattening lambs. | this study was conducted to assess the effect of feeding corn steep liquor (csl) on in vivo digestibility, ruminal ph, ammonia and hydrolytic enzyme activities, blood metabolites, feed intake (fi) and growth performance in fattening lambs. the csl is a by-product of wet milling process of maize starch industry. the crude protein (cp), rumen-degradable protein (rdp), lactic acid and metabolisable energy contents of this by-product were 420, 324, 200 g/kg dry matter (dm) and 12.6 mj/kg dm respecti ... | 2016 | 25958906 |
| postruminal synthesis modifies the odd- and branched-chain fatty acid profile from the duodenum to milk. | milk odd- and branched-chain fatty acids (obcfa) have been suggested as potential biomarkers for rumen function. the potential of milk obcfa as a biomarker depends on whether their profile reflects the profile observed in the duodenum. the objective of this study was to evaluate whether the obcfa profile in duodenum samples is reflected in plasma and milk. for this, 2 dairy cattle experiments were used. in experiment 1, 4 holstein cows fitted with rumen and proximal duodenum cannulas were used i ... | 2015 | 25958291 |
| biogas production within the bioethanol production chain: use of co-substrates for anaerobic digestion of sugar beet vinasse. | bioethanol production generates large amounts of vinasse, which is suitable for biogas production. in this study, the anaerobic digestion of sugar beet vinasse was optimised using continuous stirred-tank reactors (cstr) supplemented either with lime fertiliser or with 3% cow manure. in both reactors, the c/n ratio was adjusted by adding straw. the biochemical methane potential (bmp) of vinasse was 267.4±4.5lch4kgvs(-1). due to the low content of macro- and micronutrients and low c/n ratio of vin ... | 2015 | 25958146 |
| binding of arabinan or galactan during cellulose synthesis is extensive and reversible. | arabinans and galactans are major components of the side-chains of pectin in plant cell walls. in order to understand how pectin side-chains interact with cellulose, in this work we studied the interaction of de-branched arabinan (from sugar beet) and linear galactan (from potato) during the synthesis of cellulose by gluconacetobacter xylinus (atcc 53524) to mimic in muro assembly. the binding studies reveal that arabinan and galactan are able to bind extensively (>200mg/g of cellulose) during c ... | 2015 | 25933529 |
| the relationship between plasma and salivary nox. | several studies have shown that fasting plasma nitrite (no2(-)) is an indicator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (nos) activity while plasma nitrate (no3(-)) or the sum of no2(-) and no3(-) (nox) does not reflect nos function. plasma no2(-) can also be elevated through dietary no3(-) where the no3(-) is partially reduced to no2(-) by oral bacteria and enters the plasma through the digestive system. no3(-) is taken up from plasma by salivary glands and the cycle repeats itself. thus, one may ... | 2015 | 25910583 |
| enhanced l-lysine production from pretreated beet molasses by engineered escherichia coli in fed-batch fermentation. | faster sugar consumption rate and low-cost nitrogen source are required for the chemical biosynthesis using molasses. five pretreatment methods were applied to beet molasses prior to fermentation through engineered escherichia coli, respectively, and corn steep liquid was used as an organic nitrogen source to replace expensive yeast extract. furthermore, the effects of different feeding strategy in fed-batch fermentation on l-lysine production were investigated. the experimental results showed t ... | 2015 | 25899726 |
| accumulation of metals in soils, groundwater and edible parts of crops grown under long-term irrigation with sewage mixed industrial effluents. | farmers in developing countries irrigate crops using raw urban and industrial effluents with consequent risks from metal contamination. therefore, soils, crops and groundwater from an effluent irrigation use site were assessed for cd, cr, ni and pb. total and available contents of metals in soil followed the order pb>ni>cr>cd. crops accumulated more pb, followed by cd, ni and cr. pb exceeded the permissible limit with wastewater irrigation only, but cd exceeded the limit even with combined irrig ... | 2015 | 25894348 |
| early transcriptional changes in beta vulgaris in response to low temperature. | major metabolic pathways and genes affected by low-temperature treatment were identified and a thorough picture of the early transcriptional changes in sugar beet plantlets upon cold stress was given. sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) is an important source of sugar and bioethanol production in temperate areas worldwide. in these areas, plantlet survival and sucrose yield of mature plants can be seriously limited by low temperatures, especially when plantlets are exposed to freezing temperatures (be ... | 2015 | 25893871 |
| of the importance of a leaf: the ethnobotany of sarma in turkey and the balkans. | sarma - cooked leaves rolled around a filling made from rice and/or minced meat, possibly vegetables and seasoning plants - represents one of the most widespread feasting dishes of the middle eastern and south-eastern european cuisines. although cabbage and grape vine sarma is well-known worldwide, the use of alternative plant leaves remains largely unexplored. the aim of this research was to document all of the botanical taxa whose leaves are used for preparing sarma in the folk cuisines of tur ... | 2015 | 25890379 |
| chard (beta vulgaris var. cicla) extract improved hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and surfactant-associated protein alterations in rat lungs. | chard is used as an antidiabetic agent by the diabetic patients in turkey. | 2015 | 25880138 |
| the potential benefits of red beetroot supplementation in health and disease. | in recent years there has been a growing interest in the biological activity of red beetroot (beta vulgaris rubra) and its potential utility as a health promoting and disease preventing functional food. as a source of nitrate, beetroot ingestion provides a natural means of increasing in vivo nitric oxide (no) availability and has emerged as a potential strategy to prevent and manage pathologies associated with diminished no bioavailability, notably hypertension and endothelial function. beetroot ... | 2015 | 25875121 |
| magnetic resonance imaging of sugar beet taproots in soil reveals growth reduction and morphological changes during foliar cercospora beticola infestation. | cercospora leaf spot (cls) infection can cause severe yield loss in sugar beet. introduction of cercospora-resistant varieties in breeding programmes is important for plant protection to reduce both fungicide applications and the risk of the development of fungal resistance. however, in vivo monitoring of the sugar-containing taproots at early stages of foliar symptoms and the characterization of the temporal development of disease progression has proven difficult. non-invasive magnetic resonanc ... | 2015 | 25873673 |
| comparing the impact of high pressure high temperature and thermal sterilization on the volatile fingerprint of onion, potato, pumpkin and red beet. | 2014 | 25864329 | |
| diversity and space-time dynamics of endophytic archaea from sugar beet in the north slope of tianshan mountain revealed by 454 pyrosequencing and t-rflp. | plants harbor complex and variable microbial communities. using molecular-based techniques targeting the 16s rrna gene, we studied the developmental stages and geographical location diversity of endophytic archaea in two locations (shihezi and changji) and four periods (the seedling growth, rosette formation, tuber growth and sucrose accumulation sampling periods) in the north slope of tianshan mountain, china. community structure of mixed sample from 60 sugar beet plants was examined using pcr- ... | 2015 | 25862354 |
| 3-fluoroazetidinecarboxylic acids and trans,trans-3,4-difluoroproline as peptide scaffolds: inhibition of pancreatic cancer cell growth by a fluoroazetidine iminosugar. | reverse aldol opening renders amides of 3-hydroxyazetidinecarboxylic acids (3-oh-aze) unstable above ph 8. aze, found in sugar beet, is mis-incorporated for proline in peptides in humans and is associated with multiple sclerosis and teratogenesis. aze-containing peptides may be oxygenated by prolyl hydroxylases resulting in potential damage of the protein by a reverse aldol of the hydroxyazetidine; this, rather than changes in conformation, may account for the deleterious effects of aze. this pa ... | 2015 | 25859886 |
| protein profile of beta vulgaris leaf apoplastic fluid and changes induced by fe deficiency and fe resupply. | the fluid collected by direct leaf centrifugation has been used to study the proteome of the sugar beet apoplastic fluid as well as the changes induced by fe deficiency and fe resupply to fe-deficient plants in the protein profile. plants were grown in fe-sufficient and fe-deficient conditions, and fe resupply was carried out with 45 μm fe(iii)-edta for 24 h. protein extracts of leaf apoplastic fluid were analyzed by two-dimensional isoelectric focusing-sds-page electrophoresis. gel image analys ... | 2015 | 25852707 |
| investigation of the use of aerobic granules for the treatment of sugar beet processing wastewater. | the treatment of sugar beet processing wastewater in aerobic granular sequencing batch reactor (sbr) was examined in terms of chemical oxygen demand (cod) and nitrogen removal efficiency. the effect of sugar beet processing wastewater of high solid content, namely 2255 ± 250 mg/l total suspended solids (tss), on granular sludge was also investigated. aerobic granular sbr initially operated with the effluent of anaerobic digester treating sugar beet processing wastewater (part i) achieved average ... | 2015 | 25851439 |
| salt stress response of membrane proteome of sugar beet monosomic addition line m14. | understanding how plants respond to and tolerate salt stress is important for engineering and breeding effort to boost plant productivity and bioenergy in an ever challenging environment. sugar beet m14 line is a unique germplasm that contains genetic materials from beta vulgaris l. and beta corolliflora zoss, and it exhibits tolerance to salt stress. here we report the changes in membrane proteome of the m14 plants in response to salt stress (0, 200, 400mm nacl) using an itraq two-dimensional l ... | 2015 | 25845583 |
| pge2 mediates oenocytoid cell lysis via a sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter. | prostaglandin e2 (pge2 ) mediates immune responses of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua, including oenocytoid cell lysis (a class of lepidopteran hemocytes: ocl) via its specific membrane receptor to release inactive prophenoloxidase (ppo) into hemolymph. ppo is activated into phenoloxidase in the plasma to play crucial roles in the immune responses of s. exigua. the mechanism of ocl has not been elucidated, however we posed the hypothesis that a rapid accumulation of sodium ions within the o ... | 2015 | 25845372 |
| developing precipitation modes for preventing the calcium-oxalate contamination of sugar beet pectins. | effects of precipitation modes on the co-precipitation of insoluble oxalates particles during the purification of sugar beet pectins (sbp) from the extract were investigated. it was observed that soluble oxalate ions formed insoluble oxalate salts with calcium and precipitated with pectins during ethanol precipitation as ph of the medium increased and the solvent changed from water to ethanol-water mixture. comparison among the employed precipitation methods revealed that both the dialysis-ethan ... | 2015 | 25842309 |
| morphogenesis of endoplasmic reticulum membrane-invaginated vesicles during beet black scorch virus infection: role of auxiliary replication protein and new implications of three-dimensional architecture. | all well-characterized positive-strand rna viruses[(+)rna viruses] induce the formation of host membrane-bound viral replication complexes (vrcs), yet the underlying mechanism and machinery for vrc formation remain elusive. we report here the biogenesis and topology of the beet black scorch virus (bbsv) replication complex. distinct cytopathological changes typical of endoplasmic reticulum (er) aggregation and vesiculation were observed in bbsv-infected nicotiana benthamiana cells. immunogold la ... | 2015 | 25833056 |
| effects of partial replacement of barley grain with beet pulp on performance, ruminal fermentation and plasma concentration of metabolites in transition dairy cows. | the objective of this study was to determine the effect of partial replacement of barley grain with beet pulp (bp) on dry matter intake (dmi), ruminal fermentation, plasma concentration of metabolites and milk yield of transition dairy cows. twenty-four multiparous holstein cows [735 ± 26 kg of body weights and 3.5 ± 0.05 of body condition score (bcs)] were used in a randomized complete block design. cows were assigned randomly on day 28 relative to expected parturition date to one of three trea ... | 2016 | 25816899 |
| the roles of phosphorylation and shaggy-like protein kinases in geminivirus c4 protein induced hyperplasia. | even though plant cells are highly plastic, plants only develop hyperplasia under very specific abiotic and biotic stresses, such as when exposed to pathogens like beet curly top virus (bctv). the c4 protein of bctv is sufficient to induce hyperplasia and alter arabidopsis development. it was previously shown that c4 interacts with two arabidopsis shaggy-like protein kinases, atsk21 and 23, which are negative regulators of brassinosteroid (br) hormone signaling. here we show that the c4 protein ... | 2015 | 25815729 |
| novel α-l-arabinofuranosidase from cellulomonas fimi atcc 484 and its substrate-specificity analysis with the aid of computer. | in the process of gene mining for novel α-l-arabinofuranosidases (afs), the gene celf_3321 from cellulomonas fimi atcc 484 encodes an af, termed as abfcelf, with potent activity, 19.4 u/mg under the optimum condition, ph 6.0 and 40 °c. abfcelf can hydrolyze α-1,5-linked oligosaccharides, sugar beet arabinan, linear 1,5-α-arabinan, and wheat flour arabinoxylan, which is partly different from some previously well-characterized gh 51 afs. the traditional substrate-specificity analysis for afs is la ... | 2015 | 25797391 |
| vermistabilization of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l) waste produced from sugar factory using earthworm eisenia fetida: genotoxic assessment by allium cepa test. | in the present study, sugar beet mud (sbm) and pulp (sbp) produced as a waste by-products of the sugar industry were mixed with cattle dung (cd) at different ratios on dry weight basis for vermicomposting with eisenia fetida. minimum mortality and highest population of worms were observed in 20:80 (sbm20) mixture of sbm and 10:90 (sbp10) ratios. however, increased percentages of wastes significantly affected the growth and fecundity of worms. nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, sodium, increase ... | 2015 | 25794577 |
| the leaf angle distribution of natural plant populations: assessing the canopy with a novel software tool. | three-dimensional canopies form complex architectures with temporally and spatially changing leaf orientations. variations in canopy structure are linked to canopy function and they occur within the scope of genetic variability as well as a reaction to environmental factors like light, water and nutrient supply, and stress. an important key measure to characterize these structural properties is the leaf angle distribution, which in turn requires knowledge on the 3-dimensional single leaf surface ... | 2015 | 25774205 |
| multi-locus tree and species tree approaches toward resolving a complex clade of downy mildews (straminipila, oomycota), including pathogens of beet and spinach. | accurate species determination of plant pathogens is a prerequisite for their control and quarantine, and further for assessing their potential threat to crops. the family peronosporaceae (straminipila; oomycota) consists of obligate biotrophic pathogens that cause downy mildew disease on angiosperms, including a large number of cultivated plants. in the largest downy mildew genus peronospora, a phylogenetically complex clade includes the economically important downy mildew pathogens of spinach ... | 2015 | 25772799 |
| electrostatic modulation and enzymatic cross-linking of interfacial layers impacts gastrointestinal fate of multilayer emulsions. | in this study, membrane properties were modulated using layer-by-layer electrostatic depositioning in combination with salt and/or enzyme treatment to control the gastrointestinal fate of emulsified oils. lipid droplets coated by a single-layer of biopolymers (gelatin) were prepared by high pressure homogenization. lipid droplets coated by a double-layer of biopolymers (gelatin-pectin) were prepared by electrostatically depositing sugar beet pectin on the gelatin-coated droplets. laccase was add ... | 2015 | 25766826 |
| the novel lipopeptide poaeamide of the endophyte pseudomonas poae re*1-1-14 is involved in pathogen suppression and root colonization. | endophytic pseudomonas poae strain re*1-1-14 was originally isolated from internal root tissue of sugar beet plants and shown to suppress growth of the fungal pathogen rhizoctonia solani both in vitro and in the field. to identify genes involved in its biocontrol activity, re*1-1-14 random mutagenesis and sequencing led to the identification of a nonribosomal peptide synthetase (nrps) gene cluster predicted to encode a lipopeptide (lp) with a 10-amino-acid peptide moiety. the two unlinked gene c ... | 2015 | 25761208 |
| sugar industry influence on the scientific agenda of the national institute of dental research's 1971 national caries program: a historical analysis of internal documents. | in 1966, the national institute of dental research (nidr) began planning a targeted research program to identify interventions for widespread application to eradicate dental caries (tooth decay) within a decade. in 1971, the nidr launched the national caries program (ncp). the objective of this paper is to explore the sugar industry's interaction with the nidr to alter the research priorities of the nidr ncp. | 2015 | 25756179 |
| cadherin is involved in the action of bacillus thuringiensis toxins cry1ac and cry2aa in the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) insecticidal crystal (cry) proteins are effective against some insect pests in sprays and transgenic crops, although the evolution of resistance could threaten the long-term efficacy of such bt use. one strategy to delay resistance to bt crops is to "pyramid" two or more bt proteins that bind to distinct receptor proteins within the insect midgut. the most common bt pyramid in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) employs cry1ac with cry2ab to target several key lepidopteran ... | 2015 | 25754522 |
| metagenomic analysis of the bacterial community associated with the taproot of sugar beet. | we analyzed a metagenome of the bacterial community associated with the taproot of sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) in order to investigate the genes involved in plant growth-promoting traits (pgpts), namely 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) deaminase, indole acetic acid (iaa), n2 fixation, phosphate solubilization, pyrroloquinoline quinone, siderophores, and plant disease suppression as well as methanol, sucrose, and betaine utilization. the most frequently detected gene among the pgpt c ... | 2015 | 25740621 |
| [high-priority research directions in genetics, and the breeding of the sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) in the 21st century]. | high-priority research directions for the genetics and breeding of the sugar beet in the 21st century were developed with consideration of the available scientific achievements of domestic and foreign scholars. these directions unite the classical and molecular approaches to solving the problems of increasing the effectiveness of sugar beet breeding carried out on a genetic basis, and they correspond to the contemporary level of scientific research. seven such directions are proposed. | 2014 | 25739281 |
| [rapid determination of beet sugar content using near infrared spectroscopy]. | in order to classify and set different prices on basis of difference of beet sugar content in the acquisition process and promote the development of beet sugar industry healthily, a fast, nondestructive, accurate method to detect sugar content of beet was determined by applying near infrared spectroscopy technology. eight hundred twenty samples from 28 representative varieties of beet were collected as calibration set and 70 samples were chosen as prediction set. then near infrared spectra of ca ... | 2014 | 25739216 |
| heterozygote deficits in cyst plant-parasitic nematodes: possible causes and consequences. | deviations of genotypic frequencies from hardy-weinberg equilibrium (hwe) expectations could reveal important aspects of the biology of populations. deviations from hwe due to heterozygote deficits have been recorded for three plant-parasitic nematode species. however, it has never been determined whether the observed deficits were due (i) to the presence of null alleles, (ii) to a high level of consanguinity and/or (iii) to a wahlund effect. the aim of the present work was, while taking into th ... | 2015 | 25735762 |
| [effect of stress conditions on the activity and isozyme composition of peroxidase of vacuoles and tissue extract of red beet roots]. | changes in the enzymatic activity of phenol-dependent peroxidase (po) of vacuoles and tissue extract of red beet (beta vulgaris l.) roots in different phases of plant development and in hyperosmotic stress and pathogen infection were found. the highest activity was observed during root growth and the lowest po activity occurred in dormancy, respectively. activation of the enzyme was observed in infected roots. the isozyme composition of po was characterized by lability, and the number of cationi ... | 2016 | 25731036 |
| the cyst nematode effector protein 10a07 targets and recruits host posttranslational machinery to mediate its nuclear trafficking and to promote parasitism in arabidopsis. | plant-parasitic cyst nematodes synthesize and secrete effector proteins that are essential for parasitism. one such protein is the 10a07 effector from the sugar beet cyst nematode, heterodera schachtii, which is exclusively expressed in the nematode dorsal gland cell during all nematode parasitic stages. overexpression of h. schachtii 10a07 in arabidopsis thaliana produced a hypersusceptible phenotype in response to h. schachtii infection along with developmental changes reminiscent of auxin eff ... | 2015 | 25715285 |
| testing the joint effects hypothesis of elemental defense using spodoptera exigua. | metal hyperaccumulation may be an elemental defense, in which high concentrations of a metal in plant tissues decrease herbivore survival or growth rate. the joint effects hypothesis suggests that a combination of metals, or a combination of a metal with an organic compound, may have an enhanced defensive effect. the enhancement may be additive or synergistic: in either case the concentration of a particular metal necessary to provide a defensive benefit for the plant is lowered. we tested the j ... | 2015 | 25712748 |
| dynamic variation of the microbial community structure during the long-time mono-fermentation of maize and sugar beet silage. | this study investigated the development of the microbial community during a long-term (337 days) anaerobic digestion of maize and sugar beet silage, two feedstocks that significantly differ in their chemical composition. for the characterization of the microbial dynamics, the community profiling method terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (trflp) in combination with a cloning-sequencing approach was applied. our results revealed a specific adaptation of the microbial community to th ... | 2015 | 25712194 |
| multiple applications of ion chromatography oligosaccharide fingerprint profiles to solve a variety of sugar and sugar-biofuel industry problems. | sugar crops contain a broad variety of carbohydrates used for human consumption and the production of biofuels and bioproducts. ion chromatography with integrated pulsed amperometric detection (ic-ipad) can be used to simultaneously detect mono-, di-, and oligosaccharides, oligosaccharide isomers, mannitol, and ethanol in complex matrices from sugar crops. by utilizing a strong naoh/naoac gradient method over 45 min, oligosaccharides of at least 2-12 dp can be detected. fingerprint ic oligosacch ... | 2015 | 25708094 |
| regulation of hemolymph trehalose level by an insulin-like peptide through diel feeding rhythm of the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. | like vertebrate insulins, some insect insulin-like peptides (ilps) play crucial roles in controlling immature growth, adult lifespan, and hemolymph sugar level. an ilp gene (seilp1) was predicted from a transcriptome database of spodoptera exigua. seilp1 encodes 95 amino acid sequence and shares sequence homologies (33-83%) with other insect ilps, in which six conserved cysteine residues are found in the predicted b-a chains. seilp1 was expressed in all developmental stages of s. exigua. however ... | 2015 | 25703302 |
| the fingerprint of climate trends on european crop yields. | europe has experienced a stagnation of some crop yields since the early 1990s as well as statistically significant warming during the growing season. although it has been argued that these two are causally connected, no previous studies have formally attributed long-term yield trends to a changing climate. here, we present two statistical tests based on the distinctive spatial pattern of climate change impacts and adaptation, and explore their power under a range of parameter values. we show tha ... | 2015 | 25691735 |
| ttagg-repeat telomeres and characterization of telomerase in the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | telomeres are maintained usually by telomerase, a specialized reverse transcriptase that adds this sequence to chromosome ends. in this study, telomerase activity was detected in the in different somatic tissues, such as midgut and fat bodies, by the telomeric repeat amplification protocol (trap) in spodoptera exigua. the structure of the telomeres of s. exigua was evaluated by sequence analysis of the trap products, revealing that the telomerase synthesized a (ttagg)n repeat. the presence of a ... | 2015 | 25689229 |