Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| viraemia and antibody development in chicks following the administration of turkey herpesvirus. | 1973 | 4352992 | |
| horizontal transmission of turkey herpesvirus to chickens. 2. some factors affecting transmission. | 1973 | 4350858 | |
| vaccination against marek's disease: possible causes of failure of herpesvirus of turkeys (strain fc126) to protect chickens against marek's disease. | 1973 | 4350544 | |
| the in vitro assay of the herpesvirus of turkeys. | 1972 | 4349817 | |
| cell surface antigen on quail cells infected with herpesvirus of turkey or marek's disease virus. | 1972 | 4349460 | |
| the fine structure of marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkey in cell culture. | 1972 | 4347435 | |
| lack of pathogenicity of marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkeys in marmoset monkeys. | 1972 | 4343475 | |
| studies on the in vivo replication of turkey herpesvirus. | 1972 | 4343472 | |
| epidemiology of a herpesvirus of turkeys: possible sources and spread of infection in turkey flocks. | parameters of turkey herpesvirus (hvt) infection were followed sequentially from hatching through 20 weeks in two commercial turkey flocks. maternal antibody was uniformly present at hatching but decreased below detectable levels by the 3rd week. virus was first isolated at the 5th and 6th weeks and thereafter spread rapidly within the flocks. development of active antibody followed that of viremia by 1 week. both virus and antibody were present in virtually all turkeys after the 7th or 10th wee ... | 1971 | 4343407 |
| susceptibility of mammalian (hamster) cell culture to infection with herpesvirus of turkeys. | herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) infected and replicated in hamster kidney cells as evidenced by cytopathic effects, intranuclear inclusions, and by the presence of herpesvirus particles as seen by electron microscopy. additional evidence for the presence of hvt in cell cultures was determined by the serum neutralization, complement fixation, and the fluorescent-antibody tests. | 1972 | 4341969 |
| long-term field trials with the herpesvirus of turkeys vaccine against marek's disease. | 1972 | 4337318 | |
| experimental infection of turkeys and chickens with a herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt). | 1972 | 4337317 | |
| preliminary observations on egg transmission of turkey herpesvirus (hvt) in turkeys. | 1972 | 4337315 | |
| production of circulating and cell-bound interferon in chickens by type 1 and type 2 plaque-producing agents of the cal-1 strain of marek's disease herpesvirus and herpesvirus of turkeys. | 1972 | 4335399 | |
| production of interferon by the cal-1 and turkey herpesvirus strains associated with marek's disease. | 1972 | 4335398 | |
| the temporal relationship between vaccination with the herpesvirus of turkeys and challenge with virulent marek's disease virus. | 1971 | 4334075 | |
| interferon production and host resistance to type ii avian (marek's) leukosis virus (jm strain). | interferon production in both susceptible s- and resistant k-line chickens infected with type ii leukosis virus of jm strain and turkey herpesvirus was studied. the resistant line of chickens produced higher levels of interferon than did the susceptible with jm virus infection during the experimental period. when both susceptible s-and resistant k-line chicks were vaccinated with turkey herpesvirus, the interferon production was quantitatively similar in the two lines. | 1971 | 4332041 |
| marek's disease: resistance of turkey herpesvirus-infected chicks against lethal jm-v agent. | 1971 | 4329922 | |
| horizontal transmission of turkey herpesvirus to chickens. 1. preliminary observation. | 1971 | 4328146 | |
| effect of vaccination with herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) on horizontal spread of marek's disease herpesvirus. | 1971 | 4325826 | |
| isolation of turkey herpesvirus in cell culture. | 1971 | 4325202 | |
| ultrastructural studies of a herpesvirus of turkeys antigenically related to marek's disease virus. | 1971 | 4322626 | |
| lyophilization of cell-free marek's disease herpesvirus and a herpesvirus from turkeys. | cell extracts of the jm and ga strains of marek's disease herpesvirus and the fc 126 strain of turkey herpesvirus were lyophilized with various stabilizers. much higher virus titers were obtained with stabilizer than without stabilizer. titers increased even further in the case of the marek's disease virus strains by the addition of a chelating agent, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate. | 1970 | 4320863 |
| a comparison of the prophylactic efficacy of lyophilized and cell-associated turkey herpesvirus against marek's disease. | 1974 | 4205347 | |
| effect of antibiotics on turkey herpesvirus vaccine. | 1973 | 4122718 | |
| serological relationships among herpesviruses: cross-reaction between marek's disease virus and pseudorabies virus as detected by immunogluorescence. | marek's disease virus (mdv) and pseudorabies virus (prv) cross-reacted by fluorescent antibody test but not by gel diffusion, virus neutralization, or cross-protection tests. herpesvirus of turkeys cross-reacted with mdv but not with prv. other herpesviruses tested did not have cross-reactions. | 1972 | 4117951 |
| responses of cell cultures from various avian species to marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkeys. | 1971 | 4107762 | |
| monoclonal antibodies against virus-specific antigens in culture cells infected with herpesvirus of turkeys. | 1985 | 4068446 | |
| altered cholesteryl ester cycle is associated with lipid accumulation in herpesvirus-infected arterial smooth muscle cells. | we describe herein the effects of marek's disease herpesvirus (mdv) on cholesterol and cholesteryl ester metabolism in cultured chicken arterial smooth muscle cells. infection of arterial smooth muscle cells from specific pathogen-free chickens with mdv, but not a virus control, herpesvirus of turkeys led to a 7-10-fold increase in the accumulation of free and esterified cholesterol and a 2-fold increase in phospholipids. the cellular lipid changes observed in the mdv-infected arterial smooth mu ... | 1985 | 3997816 |
| inhibition of turkey herpesvirus replication by anti-cellular serum. | quail embryo fibroblasts were used to investigate how rabbit and chicken antisera against chicken erythrocytes carrying different b alleles of the major histocompatibility antigens affect the neutralization of herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt). although the neutralizing activities of these antisera were rather low, the hvt propagated in chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef) from certain genotypic embryos was neutralized more by the antisera to the corresponding erythrocytes. after absorption of these anti ... | 1985 | 3985879 |
| field trials to test the efficacy of polyvalent marek's disease vaccines in layer and broiler breeder chickens. | as a follow-up to earlier trials to evaluate the efficacy of polyvalent marek's disease (md) vaccines in broilers, four trials were conducted with layer or broiler breeder flocks. chickens caccinated with trivalent (md11/75c plus sb-1 plus hvt) and bivalent (sb-1 plus hvt) vaccines were compared with those vaccinated with turkey herpesvirus (hvt) alone. data from three of the four trials indicated polyvalent vaccines were more efficacious than hvt. however, critical interpretations were confound ... | 1985 | 3912753 |
| partial protection against marek's disease in chickens immunized with glycoproteins gb purified from turkey-herpesvirus-infected cells by affinity chromatography coupled with monoclonal antibodies. | glycoproteins gb of marek's disease virus (mdv) and herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) related to virus neutralization were purified from hvt-infected cells by affinity chromatography. immunization of chickens with purified glycoproteins gb resulted in partial protection against md. neutralizing antibodies were detected in chickens immunized with hvt-gb. | 1985 | 3896223 |
| a study of marek's disease in japanese quails vaccinated with herpesvirus of turkeys. | in a study of outbreaks of marek's disease in quails, 220 adult quails vaccinated with herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) were examined pathologically and serologically for marek's disease (md). forty-three of the 220 quails exhibited microscopic lesions similar to those of chickens with md. md-virus-specific antigen was found in feather tips of 44 of the 220 birds, and the hvt-specific antibody was found in sera of 56 of the 220 birds by agar gel precipitation. there was a positive correlation betwee ... | 1986 | 3814019 |
| establishment of a variant type of turkey herpesvirus which releases cell-free virus into the culture medium in large quantities. brief report. | a variant turkey herpesvirus (hvt/vt) which releases 10(5.0) plaque-forming units per 0.1 ml of cell-free virus into the culture medium was established from the prototype hvt fc 126 strain (hvt/wt). many enveloped and naked virions of hvt/vt but only naked virions of hvt/wt were found in the culture medium. by the hindiii restriction cleavage patterns, the hvt/vt dnas were almost identical to those of hvt/wt. the hvt/vt was replication-defective in chickens. | 1986 | 3753201 |
| characterization of herpesvirus of turkeys. replication using recombinant dna. | dna has been isolated from herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) virions and used to construct a partial gene library in pbr-322. the recombinants have been characterized and shown to contain hvt dna inserts. a representative recombinant containing a 5.9-kilobase hindiii fragment was used as a probe to quantitate the yields of hvt dna in vitro and to follow the kinetics of viral dna replication. the data shown that in chicken fibroblasts, viral dna synthesis initiates by about 12-14 hr postinfection and ... | 1986 | 3729874 |
| acid alpha naphthyl acetate esterase reacting lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of chickens challenged with marek's disease after vaccination with three different vaccines. | the average percentage of acid alpha naphthyl acetate esterase reacting lymphocytes (aparl) was enumerated in the peripheral blood of chickens challenged with marek's disease after vaccination with either turkey herpesvirus (hvt), inactivated marek's disease virus (imdv) or a mixture of the two (bivalent vaccine). a gradual increase in aparl value was noticed in the vaccinated chickens from day 7 to 70 after challenge with a virulent marek's disease virus. the increase was consistent and signifi ... | 1987 | 3628992 |
| antigen a gene of marek's disease virus (mdv) detects two mrna species (3.7 and 2.1 kb) in mdv- and hvt-infected cells. | the gene of glycoprotein a of marek's disease virus (mdv) detected to mrna species (3.7 and 2.1 kb) by northern blot hybridization. these two mrna species were also detected in rna extracted from herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt)-infected chick embryo fibroblasts (cef) and from the msb-1 cell line. | 1988 | 3245131 |
| effect of acyclovir on the replication of turkey herpesvirus and marek's disease virus. | the toxicity of acyclovir for chick embryo fibroblasts and its effect on the replication of turkey herpesvirus (strain fc 126) and marek's disease virus (strain hprs 16) multiplied on fibroblast culture was studied. the influence of using acyclovir on the development of the tumour process in birds infected with a virulent marek's disease virus was also determined. acyclovir used in doses below 12.5 micrograms ml-1 proved to be nontoxic for chick embryo fibroblast culture. it inhibited in vitro r ... | 1987 | 3039621 |
| efficacy of a bivalent vaccine against marek's disease. | a bivalent vaccine was prepared by combining inactivated marek's disease virus and turkey herpesvirus. the efficacy of this vaccine, compared to turkey herpesvirus and inactivated marek's disease virus separately, was studied in unsexed white leghorn chicks which were vaccinated at one day old and then challenged at 21 days old with fowl blood infected with virulent marek's disease virus. the bivalent vaccine appreciably delayed mortality resulting from marek's disease and elicited the highest p ... | 1987 | 3035660 |
| restriction enzyme map of herpesvirus of turkey dna and its collinear relationship with marek's disease virus dna. | the genome of herpesvirus of turkey (hvt) was shown to consist of long and short unique regions flanked by inverted repeats (j. cebrian, kaschka-dietrich, c., berthelot, n., and sheldrick, p., 1982, proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 79, 555-558). in this paper we report the construction of the linkage map of hvt dna for bamhi, hindiii, and psti restriction endonucleases. the maps were constructed by hybridization of 19 cloned bamhi fragments of hvt dna to electrophoretically separated digests of genomi ... | 1987 | 3029976 |
| preparation of monoclonal antibodies against marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkeys. | 1986 | 3029494 | |
| isolation of very virulent pathotypes of marek's disease virus from vaccinated chickens in europe. | two very virulent strains of marek's disease virus were isolated from two separate farms in northern italy that had experienced outbreaks of marek's disease in vaccinated flocks. the isolates were similar to very virulent strains reported in the usa in terms of their enhanced pathogenicity, both for chickens vaccinated with the herpesvirus of turkeys, and for genetically resistant chickens. this first description of very virulent strains of marek's disease virus from outside the usa suggests tha ... | 1986 | 3016970 |
| molecular characterization of marek's disease herpesvirus b antigen. | the marek's disease herpesvirus (mdhv) b antigen (mdhv-b) was identified and molecularly characterized as a set of three glycoproteins of 100,000, 60,000, and 49,000 apparent molecular weight (gp100, gp60, and gp49, respectively) by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) after immunoprecipitation from [35s]methionine-labeled infected cells by specific rabbit antiserum directed against mdhv-b (r alpha b), as previously determined by immunodiffusion. further identific ... | 1986 | 3016305 |
| use of lectins to detect and differentiate subtypes of marek's disease virus and turkey herpesvirus glycoproteins in tissue culture. | biotinylated lectins in conjunction with an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex were used for the first time to reveal glycoproteins in chicken and duck embryo fibroblasts infected with three prototype members of the avian herpesvirus group, marek's disease virus serotypes 1 and 2 and turkey herpesvirus. by using a panel of 10 lectins, a pattern of reactivity emerged which was both group- and type-specific. morphological details of the lectin-stained cells include cytoplasmic granulation, capping a ... | 1986 | 3016013 |
| chronological observations of marek's disease-associated feather-pulp lesions in field chickens. | fourteen test groups consisting of a total of 541 field chickens in six rearing farms, all of which were vaccinated with turkey herpesvirus at one day old, were investigated for chronological changes in marek's disease (md)-associated feather-pulp lesions (fpl) and their association with nuclear-inclusion (ni) formation in the feather-follicle epithelium (ffe) and with incidence of md. the fpl observed were categorized into r1-type (non-tumorous lymphoid lesion), r2-type (inflammatory lesion con ... | 1986 | 3015114 |
| protective efficacy of marek's disease virus (mdv) cvi-988 cef65 clone c against challenge infection with three very virulent mdv strains. | comparative 50% protective dose (pd50) assays were performed using a plaque-purified preparation of marek's disease virus (mdv) strain cvi-988 at the 65th chicken embryo fibroblast (cef) passage level (mdv cvi-988 cef65 clone c) and three commercial md vaccines: herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) fc126, mdv cvi-988 cef35, and a bivalent vaccine composed of hvt fc126 and mdv sb-1. in addition, comparative pd50 assays were performed in groups of chickens with maternal antibody to each of the three vacci ... | 1986 | 3015113 |
| pathogenicity studies with plaque-purified preparations of marek's disease virus strain cvi-988. | the pathogenicity of marek's disease (md) strain cvi-988 vaccine, eight plaque-purified preparations originating from this strain, and the vaccine hvt fc126 (based on herpesvirus of turkeys) was determined by intramuscular administration of high virus doses to day-old specific-pathogen-free rhode island red (rir) chickens, which are extremely md-susceptible. paralysis and neuritis were observed in 88% of rir chickens inoculated with mdv cvi-988 at the cell-passage level of the commercial vaccine ... | 1986 | 3015112 |
| a comparison of the biological properties of type 2 plaque-producing agent derived from the cal-1 strain of marek's disease virus with other related viruses. | the serological and biological properties of the type 2 plaque-producing agent (ppa) derived from the cal-1 strain of marek's disease virus (mdv) were compared with those of reference strains of the three serotypes of mdv and herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) groups; namely jm, hprs-24 strains of mdv and the fc-126 strain of hvt for serotype 1, 2, and 3, respectively. by agar gel precipitation (agp), indirect fluorescent antibody and virus neutralization tests, type 2 ppa was related but not identica ... | 1986 | 3013131 |
| herpesvirus infection prevents activation of cytoplasmic cholesteryl esterase in arterial smooth muscle cells. | herpesvirus infection has been shown to alter the cholesteryl ester cycle in avian arterial smooth muscle cells, resulting in cytoplasmic cholesteryl ester accumulation (hajjar, d. p., falcone, d. j., fabricant, c. g., and fabricant, j. (1985) j. biol. chem. 260, 6124-6128). in this study, we attempted to define some of the regulatory mechanisms associated with the control of cytoplasmic cholesteryl esterase in marek's disease herpesvirus (mdv)-infected cells. we found that cholesteryl esterase ... | 1986 | 3011790 |
| chicken embryonal vaccination with avian infectious bronchitis virus. | a commercial infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccine of the massachusetts 41 strain was injected in embryonating chicken eggs on embryonation day (ed) 18. the ibv vaccine was pathogenic for embryos, and it was passaged in chicken kidney tissue culture to reduce the pathogenicity. at the 40th tissue culture passage (p40-ibv), the virus became apathogenic for the embryos. maternal antibody-positive or -negative chicks hatching from eggs injected with p40-ibv developed antibody to ibv and were pr ... | 1986 | 3008613 |
| herpesviruses provide helper functions for avian adeno-associated parvovirus. | the avian herpesviruses infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv) and herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt), as well as the mammalian herpesvirus pseudorabies virus (prv) were able to provide complete helper activity for the production of infectious avian adeno-associated virus (aaav) in chicken cells. the presence of aaav in the infected chicken cell reduced the multiplication of hvt. iltv or prv, however, were not affected if used as helper viruses. infectious aaav was determined by an indirect immunof ... | 1986 | 3003233 |
| production of herpesvirus of turkeys in microcarrier culturing system--a new method for production of vaccine against marek's disease. | a microcarrier (mc) culturing system for production of a vaccine against marek's disease virus is presented. cytodex-3 beads (pharmacia) and de-53 microgranular (whatman) are the recommended microcarriers. primary cells from chick embryo as well as cells from a quail cell line (qt-6, established from a japanese quail) were found to be good hosts for growth of herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt). hvt, the vaccine strain against marek's disease, was successfully grown and harvested on the above mentioned ... | 1985 | 2995176 |
| vaccination against marek's disease and infectious bursal disease iii. growth rate of both turkey herpesvirus and infectious bursal disease virus in coinfected cell cultures. | titers of the turkey herpesvirus (hvt) and infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) in coinfected cell cultures, used to produce a live bivalent hvt/ibdv vaccine, were determined daily. based on the daily titers, cells harvested either 2 or 3 days after inoculating the second virus (ibdv) into hvt infected cell cultures yielded the maximum titers for both viruses. harvesting coinfected cell cultures on either day provided the most suitable source of the live hvt/ibdv vaccine against marek's diseas ... | 1985 | 2987896 |
| differences in the processing of secreted glycoprotein a induced by marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkeys. | the steps from the precursor to the processed forms of a secreted glycoprotein (ga) of marek's disease virus (mdv) and of herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) were examined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of immunoprecipitates from the cell lysate and medium of infected cultures with monoclonal antibodies. differences between mdv- and hvt-ga were particularly observed in isoelectric points of the glycosylated or unglycosylated precursor forms. | 1985 | 2987399 |
| gel electrophoretic analysis of polypeptides from nucleocapsids of marek's disease virus strains and herpesvirus of turkey. | the polypeptides of nucleocapsids of marek's disease virus (mdv) strains with different biological properties and of antigenically related herpesvirus of turkey (hvt) strains were analysed by one- and two-dimensional (1d and 2d, respectively) gel electrophoresis. based on small differences in migration behaviour (size and charge) of a number of corresponding nucleocapsid polypeptides, the virus strains could be differentiated into three groups. the polypeptide pattern of group i, comprising the ... | 1985 | 2986577 |
| simultaneous application of live turkey herpesvirus and infectious bursal disease vaccines against marek's disease and infectious bursal disease. | the efficacy of cell-associated (ca) and cell-free (cf) infectious bursal disease (ibd) vaccines in maternal antibody (mab)-bearing broiler chickens was compared. compatibility and potency of a mixed vaccine combining live ca turkey herpesvirus (hvt) and ca ibd vaccine viruses were also tested against gross lesions induced by marek's disease (md) or ibd in specific-pathogen-free chickens. both ca and cf ibd vaccines provided significant protection against gross bursal lesions of ibd in the prese ... | 1985 | 2983300 |
| map location of homologous regions between marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkey and the absence of detectable homology in the putative tumor-inducing gene. | the dna region having homology between marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkey was assigned to the restriction map of marek's disease virus by southern blot hybridization. under moderate conditions at the level of 15% mismatching, homology was found to be distributed throughout the marek's disease virus genome. the long inverted-repeat regions (trl and irl), which are considered to play a significant role in tumorigenicity, did not show any homology to herpesvirus of turkey dna. | 1985 | 2983105 |
| virus-induced atherosclerosis. herpesvirus infection alters aortic cholesterol metabolism and accumulation. | infection of normocholesterolemic, specific-pathogen-free chickens with marek's disease herpesvirus (mdv) has been shown histologically to lead to chronic atherosclerosis like that in humans. the development of herpesvirus-induced atherosclerosis in vivo and the presence of specific marek's antigen within aortic cells suggested that mdv infection may modify lipid metabolism and lead to significant lipid accumulation. experiments reported herein were designed to determine the types and quantity o ... | 1986 | 2934987 |
| immune response of chicks inoculated with chicken anemia agent alone or in combination with marek's disease virus or turkey herpesvirus. | 1988 | 2848964 | |
| the effect of substrate on the production of infectious virus by cells in culture. | herpes simplex virus type i (hsv-1), infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibr) and turkey herpesvirus were examined for growth in cells cultured on three different substrates. the substrates were glass, deae-dextran and collagen gel. with two of the viruses, hsv-1 and ibr, there were no apparent differences in production as a function of substrate. in contrast, the amount of the turkey herpesvirus which was recovered varied greatly with the substrate. titers were highest on glass, followed b ... | 1988 | 2848844 |
| presence of natural suppressor cells in the chicken embryo spleen and the effect of virus infection of the embryo on suppressor cell activity. | spleen cells but not the thymus or the bursa cells of chicken embryos suppressed the in vitro mitogenesis of spleen cells of adult syngeneic or allogeneic chickens. the natural suppressor cell activity of embryo spleen was present at embryonation day 16, reached peak levels at embryonation day 18 and disappeared at hatch. the embryo spleen cells did not by themselves respond to phytohemagglutinin stimulation in vitro. the suppressive effect of embryonic spleen cells on adult spleen cells was pre ... | 1988 | 2845637 |
| gene sequence and mapping data from marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkeys: implications for herpesvirus classification. | purified dnas from marek's disease virus (mdv) and the herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) were randomly sheared and cloned into the m13 bacteriophage. two-hundred and ten mdv and 130 hvt clones were sequenced to give representative samples of the genome sequences. the predicted amino acid sequences from these gammaherpes-viruses were compared to known sequences from other herpesviruses using computer analysis. thirty-five mdv and 24 hvt genes were identified by comparison with varicella-zoster virus ( ... | 1988 | 2841415 |
| turkey herpesvirus. vii. the evolution of marek's disease in chickens vaccinated at one day of age and challenged at different periods of time after vaccination. | the single comb white leghorn, the cornell s strain chickens vaccinated at one day of age with cell free herpesvirus of turkey (hvt) 100 and 1000 focus forming-units (ffu) per bird were raised in isolatores. at different periods of time the vaccinated and control chickens were reared together with chickens with clinical symptoms of marek's disease previously inoculated with jm-strain of marek's disease virus (mdv) in a separate isolation room throughout the experiment. the specific protective ef ... | 1988 | 2837003 |
| marek's disease: a model for protection against herpesvirus-induced tumours. | marek's disease (md) is a lymphoproliferative disease of chickens caused by a herpesvirus (mdv). several effective vaccines have been developed and md is therefore often considered as a model for studying antitumour vaccines. key factors for the understanding of vaccine-induced immunity are discussed. three serotypes have been characterized: serotype 1 or oncogenic mdv, serotype 2 or non-oncogenic mdv and serotype 3 or herpesvirus of turkeys. the three serotypes have clearly different genomes an ... | 1987 | 2825984 |
| characterization of a highly transcribed dna region of herpesvirus of turkeys. | a highly transcribed dna region of turkey herpesvirus (hvt) codes for multiple species of rna. although the rna is transcribed from both strands of dna, no overlapping complementary transcripts have been detected. the complete nucleotide sequence corresponding to the cdna of one of the hvt transcripts was determined. this sequence is highly homologous to the nucleotide sequence of marek's disease virus antigen gp57-65-coding gene and appears to represent the corresponding hvt-coding gene. | 1989 | 2792768 |
| genetic and biochemical characterization of the thymidine kinase gene from herpesvirus of turkeys. | the thymidine kinase gene encoded by herpesvirus of turkeys has been identified and characterized. a viral mutant (atr0) resistant to 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylthymine was isolated. this mutant was also resistant to 1-(2-fluoro-2-deoxy-beta-d-arabinofuronosyl)-5-methyluracil and was unable to incorporate [125i]deoxycytidine into dna. the mutant phenotype was rescued by a cloned region of the turkey herpesvirus genome whose dna sequence was found to contain an open reading frame similar to that fo ... | 1989 | 2724415 |
| genomic difference of herpesvirus of turkeys at low and high passage levels in culture of o1 and fc126 strains. | serial passages in culture of herpesvirus of turkeys resulted in structural genomic changes at the regions common to two virus strains with loss of their protective ability against marek's disease. | 1989 | 2615678 |
| homologies between herpesvirus of turkey and marek's disease virus type-1 dnas within two co-linearly arranged open reading frames, one encoding glycoprotein a. | the genomes of two avian herpesviruses, marek's disease virus type 1 (mdv1) and herpesvirus of turkey (hvt), share close homology only within certain dna regions. one such homologous region of hvt dna was cloned and sequenced. two open reading frames (orfs) were found in the long unique region, orf1 encoding the glycoprotein a (ga), and orf2 encoding a still unidentified protein. these two hvt-orfs are located at almost the same positions as the homologous mdv1-orfs. the nucleotide sequence homo ... | 1989 | 2558972 |
| nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences of the marek's disease virus and turkey herpesvirus thymidine kinase genes; comparison with thymidine kinase genes of other herpesviruses. | in this paper we present the nucleotide sequences of the thymidine kinase (tk) genes of two avian herpesviruses: a highly oncogenic strain of marek's disease virus (mdv strain rb1b) and its serologically related vaccine virus, the herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt strain fc-126). the predicted coding regions of the two genes are 1029 and 1050 nucleotides respectively, corresponding to polypeptides of 343 and 350 amino acids in length. putative nucleotide- and nucleoside-binding sites have been identif ... | 1989 | 2555435 |
| a comparative analysis of the sequence of the thymidine kinase gene of a gammaherpesvirus, herpesvirus saimiri. | we present the nucleotide sequence of a region from the genome of the a + t-rich gammaherpesvirus, herpesvirus saimiri (hvs), which includes the coding sequences for the viral thymidine kinase (tk) gene. the organization of genes in this region resembles the homologous region of the epstein-barr virus (ebv) genome and is very compact, using overlapping coding sequences and with nucleotides shared by initiation and termination codons of neighbouring reading frames. the hvs tk is predicted to cont ... | 1989 | 2555434 |
| studies on the pathology of marek's disease following challenge in chicks vaccinated with three different vaccines. | the pathology of marek's disease (md) was studied in chickens vaccinated separately with three different vaccines, namely herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt), inactivated marek's disease virus (imdv) and a bivalent vaccine. the md-specific mortality following challenge was significantly lower (2.0 per cent) in bivalent vaccinated birds than in those vaccinated with either hvt (5.9 per cent) or imdv (13.7 per cent) alone. the occurrence, extent and severity of gross lymphomas and lymphoproliferative les ... | 1989 | 2555401 |
| identification of virus-specific polypeptides by monoclonal antibodies against serotype 2 marek's disease virus. | a total of 41 antibody-secreting hybridoma cells against the hprs24 strain of marek's disease virus (mdv) type 2 (mdv2) have been isolated. of these monoclonal antibodies (mabs), 24 were found by immunofluorescence tests to react specifically with mdv2-infected cells, but not mdv type 1 (mdv1)- or herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt)-infected cells, while eight reacted with mdv1- or mdv2-infected cells and nine with mdv1-, mdv2- or hvt-infected cells. by using these mabs, seven classes of mdv type-speci ... | 1989 | 2552003 |
| the role of the reticuloendothelial system in the immunopathology of marek's disease. | the role of macrophages in immunity against marek's disease (md) was studied. chickens of one group were subjected to depletion of macrophages using repeated doses of francil amorphous silica and those of another group were subjected to activation of macrophages using repeated doses of brewer's thioglycollate broth. chickens of a third group were vaccinated with herpesvirus of turkeys fc 126 vaccine followed by depletion of macrophages. chickens of these three groups, as well as groups of health ... | 1989 | 2549684 |
| nucleotide sequence and characterization of the marek's disease virus homologue of glycoprotein b of herpes simplex virus. | the marek's disease virus (mdv) homologue of the herpes simplex virus (hsv) gene encoding glycoprotein b (gb) has been identified within bamhi fragments i3 and k3 of the 'highly oncogenic' strain rb1b of mdv. the entire nucleotide sequence of the gene has been determined and its predicted amino acid sequence shown to share gross overall structural features with the gb genes of hsv, varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and other mammalian herpesviruses. in particular, all 10 cysteine residues were conser ... | 1989 | 2544666 |
| augmentation of retrovirus-induced lymphoid leukosis by marek's disease herpesviruses in white leghorn chickens. | our objective was to determine whether the cell-associated herpesvirus vaccines used in chickens to control marek's disease tumors can augment development of lymphoid leukosis (ll) induced by exogenous avian leukosis virus (alv). various single or mixed marek's disease vaccines were inoculated at day 1, and alv was injected at 1 to 10 days, with chickens of several experimental or commercial strains. development of ll was monitored at 16 to 48 weeks in various experiments. in several strains of ... | 1989 | 2536088 |
| in situ production of interferon in tissues of chickens exposed as embryos to turkey herpesvirus and marek's disease virus. | chicken eggs at embryonation day (ed) 18 or newly hatched chicks were inoculated with turkey herpesvirus (hvt), marek's disease virus (mdv), or virus-free diluent and, at intervals after inoculation, tissue homogenates of virus-exposed and virus-free chickens or chicken embryos were examined for interferon (ifn) activity. homogenates of lung, thymus and spleen specimens from chickens given hvt at ed 18 had ifn activity. activity of ifn in the lungs was studied further. homogenates of lung specim ... | 1989 | 2475045 |
| monoclonal antibody to chicken fetal antigen on marek's disease lymphoblastoid cell line mdcc-msb1. | a monoclonal antibody (2h3) to chicken fetal antigen (cfa) expressed on the cell surface of the marek's disease lymphoblastoid cell line mdcc-msb1 was generated. 2h3 reacted specifically with various cells from chicken embryos, especially with fetal red blood cells, fetal bursa-derived lymphocytes, fetal liver cells, and embryo fibroblasts but not with fetal peripheral blood lymphocytes. 2h3 reacted also with all lymphoblastoid cell line cells tested: marek's disease, avian leukosis, and reticul ... | 1986 | 2428485 |
| similarities and dissimilarities in the structure and expression of viral genomes of various virus strains immunologically related to marek's disease virus. | various strains immunologically related to marek's disease virus (mdv) have been subdivided into three serotypes: serotype 1, pathogenic strains of mdv and attenuated or apathogenic variants derived from them; serotype 2, naturally occurring apathogenic strains of mdv; serotype 3, herpesvirus of turkey (hvt). the viral genome structures of these three serotypes were compared by a simple, practical method using total dna extracted from virus-infected cells instead of viral dna purified from virio ... | 1986 | 2424404 |
| isolation of very virulent marek's disease viruses from vaccinated chickens in australia. | very virulent marek's disease viruses (vvmdv), defined as isolates against which the herpesvirus of turkey (hvt) vaccine provide poor protection, have been isolated from poultry flocks in both the united states and europe. twenty-one samples from vaccinated australian flocks, experiencing problems with excessive marek's disease (md), were tested for the presence of transmissible md viruses (mdv). of the 16 samples which contained a transmissible agent, 14 were pathogenic in chickens, based on th ... | 1990 | 2171476 |
| identification of the cross-reactive antigens between marek's disease virus and pseudorabies virus by monoclonal antibodies. | among the 33 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against pseudorabies virus (prv) examined, three mabs (24-17, 74-26, and 8) were found to react with cells infected with marek's disease virus (mdv)-related viruses by immunofluorescence test. two of the mabs (24-17 and 74-26) reacted with the nuclei of cells infected with mdv serotype 1 (mdv1), mdv serotype 2 (mdv2), and herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt), whereas mab 8 reacted with the cytoplasm of mdv2- and hvt-infected cells. however, none of the mabs agai ... | 1990 | 2164393 |
| isolation of serotype 2 marek's disease virus from birds belonging to genus gallus in japan. | serotype 2 of marek's disease virus (mdv) was isolated from apparently healthy birds belonging to genus gallus that had no history of vaccination with mdv or herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt). buffy-coat cells from these birds were inoculated onto chicken embryo fibroblast (cef) cultures for primary isolation. thirteen isolates from one golden pheasant and three white silky fowls, three black silky fowls, three japanese long crowers, and three japanese bantams produced herpes-like cytopathic effects ... | 1990 | 2164389 |
| characterization of the gene encoding herpesvirus of turkeys gp57-65: comparison to marek's disease virus gp57-65 and herpes simplex virus glycoprotein c. | a gene encoding herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) strain fc 126 gp57-65 has been mapped to the viral genome and sequenced. the hvt (fc 126) gp57-65 gene maps to bamhi fragments k1 and m, colinear with the gene from marek's disease virus (mdv) strain ga. hvt gp57-65 gene sequences were compared to the mdv strain ga gp57-65 gene that we sequenced previously. overall, the two sequences are 66% identical, with greater similarity in the 3' proximal two thirds of the genes. hvt gp57-65 gene sequences have ... | 1990 | 2161583 |
| effect of aflatoxin b1 on the efficacy of turkey herpesvirus vaccine against marek's disease. | the effect of feeding aflatoxin b1 (afb1) (0.5 ppm) was studied in young chicks. the frequency and the severity of gross and microscopic lesions of marek's disease were significantly higher in those birds which had been vaccinated with turkey herpesvirus (hvi) and birds challenged with marek's disease virus which had been given afb1 in the feed than in those given normal feed. the protective efficacy of hvt vaccine, as judged on the basis of gross and histopathological lesions, was 86.1 and 77.3 ... | 1991 | 1910199 |
| establishment and characterization of a thymidine kinase deficient avian fibroblast cell line derived from a japanese quail cell line, qt35. | an avian thymidine kinase deficient (tk-) fibroblast cell line (qttk-) was established from a japanese quail cell line, qt35, and characterized the biological properties. qttk- could grow in the presence of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (budr, 100 micrograms/ml) and not in the growth medium with hypoxanthine-aminopterin-thymidine. compared to qt35 cells, the 3h-thymidine incorporation of the qttk- cells and the tk activity of the cell extract significantly decreased to 0.3% and 0.5%, respectively. in ... | 1991 | 1832032 |
| identification of viral proteins encoded by two dna fragments of herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt). | herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) vaccine is used worldwide to immunize chickens against marek's disease (md). polyclonal antiserum directed against one virus cross-reacts with proteins of the other, while only 5% homology at the dna level was demonstrated between the two viruses. a partial library of hvt dna fragments ranging from 1.5 to 13.5 kbp in size was constructed in pbr 322. under stringent conditions of hybridization (low salt concentration, 10% dextran sulfate at 68 degrees c), two of the c ... | 1991 | 1722930 |
| attenuated revertant serotype 1 marek's disease viruses: safety and protective efficacy. | in earlier studies, a revertant serotype 1 marek's disease virus (mdv), clone md11/75c/r2, was found to be a highly protective vaccine virus but was mildly pathogenic for susceptible chickens. the term "revertant" indicates that the virus, after attenuation, gained virulence following backpassage in chickens. the present study is an attempt to develop a more attenuated but still protective vaccine virus from md11/75c/r2. forty-two derivative viruses or clones from md11/75c/r2 were evaluated. two ... | 1991 | 1664721 |
| humoral immune responses to inactivated oil-emulsified marek's disease vaccine. | when inactivated md11/75c vaccine was inoculated into 1-day-old chickens, it stimulated antibodies detectable by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (at a titer of 6400) and indirect fluorescent antibody test (at a titer of 640), but lacking virus-neutralizing activity. chickens passively inoculated with these antibodies were protected against bursal atrophy, weight loss, and early mortality when challenged with the virulent md5 strain of marek's disease virus (mdv). that led to the conclusion tha ... | 1991 | 1659363 |
| protection of chickens from newcastle and marek's diseases with a recombinant herpesvirus of turkeys vaccine expressing the newcastle disease virus fusion protein. | recombinant strains of herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) were constructed that contain either the fusion protein gene or the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase gene of newcastle disease virus (ndv) inserted into a nonessential gene of hvt. expression of the ndv antigens was regulated from a strong promoter element derived from the rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat. recombinant hvt strains were stable and fully infectious in cell culture and in chickens. chickens receiving a single intra-abdominal inoc ... | 1992 | 1485872 |
| [pathologic changes in the organs in chickens after infection with the turkey herpesvirus thv-bio-i]. | the objective of our work was to investigate the dynamics of pathological lesions of chicken organs after infection with high doses of turkey herpesvirus thv-bio-i. this virus strain is commonly used in form of the marvak vaccine against marek's disease of poultry in czechoslovakia. high doses of the vaccine are used in practice with respect to the epizootological situation. the incidence of pathological lesions in the organs of brown leghorn chickens was investigated in a five-week experiment. ... | 1992 | 1336236 |
| antigen b of the vaccine strains of marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkeys presents heat-labile group and serotype specific epitopes. | antigen b of marek's disease virus (mdv) vaccine strains cvi988 and sb1 (serotypes 1 and 2) and herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) (serotype 3) is formed of oligomeric molecules that are detergent-stable and heat-labile. immunoblots of native membranal extracts of hvt- and mdv-infected chick embryo fibroblasts (cef) probed with avian monoserotypic antisera, murine monoclonal antibodies (mab) to the three serotypes and mab to antigen b showed two distinct patterns of high molecular weight oligomeric an ... | 1992 | 1333751 |
| differentiation of oncogenic and nononcogenic strains of marek's disease virus type 1 by using polymerase chain reaction dna amplification. | differentiation of oncogenic and nononcogenic strains of marek's disease virus type 1 (mdv1) was attempted by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) using the primers chosen from the sequence within the long inverted repeats of mdv1 dna. pcr of the dnas extracted from oncogenic-strain-infected cells and marek's disease tumor cell lines produced a major product containing two or three copies of 132-base-pair (bp) repeat units, whereas pcrs of the dnas extracted from nononcogenic-strain-infected cells yi ... | 1992 | 1329711 |
| influence of turkey herpesvirus vaccination on the b-haplotype effect on marek's disease resistance in 15.b-congenic chickens. | eight recently developed 15.b congenic lines of chickens were tested for marek's disease (md) resistance by intra-abdominal injection of cell-associated preparations of md virus of a virulent strain (jm), a very virulent strain (md5), or md5 after vaccination with turkey herpesvirus (hvt) strain fc126. chickens of the 15.n congenic line (b15b21 or b21b21) were very resistant to jm-induced md, in contrast to chickens homozygous for the b-haplotypes 2, 5, 12, 13, 15, or 19. after md5 infection, mo ... | 1992 | 1320867 |
| expression of the marek's disease virus homolog of herpes simplex virus glycoprotein b in escherichia coli and its identification as b antigen. | marek's disease (md) is an oncogenic disease of chickens caused by md virus (mdv). among the major glycoproteins found in mdv-infected cells are gp100, gp60, and gp49, detected by immunoprecipitation and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis with antisera previously shown to be reactive with b antigen in immunodiffusion analysis. following treatment with tunicamycin (tm), an inhibitor of n-linked glycosylation, the same sera were reported to detect two molecules call ... | 1992 | 1318409 |
| detection of infectious laryngotracheitis virus infected cells with cloned dna probes. | a genomic library of infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv) dna bamh1 fragments was prepared and two cloned fragments were evaluated for their potential as probes for the detection of iltv infected cells. the virus was purified by a modified sucrose density gradient procedure for the isolation of pure iltv dna. a genomic library was constructed using bamh1-digested iltv dna and pgem7 as a vector. a 1.1 kb cloned bamh1 fragment of iltv dna was tested in a slot or dot blot assay for the detecti ... | 1992 | 1316798 |
| protection against marek's disease by a fowlpox virus recombinant expressing the glycoprotein b of marek's disease virus. | fowlpox virus (fpv) recombinants expressing the glycoprotein b and the phosphorylated protein (pp38) of the ga strain of marek's disease virus (mdv) were assayed for their ability to protect chickens against challenge with virulent mdv. the recombinant fpv expressing the glycoprotein b gene elicited neutralizing antibodies against mdv, significantly reduced the level of cell-associated viremia, and, similar to the conventional herpesvirus of turkeys, protected chickens against challenge with the ... | 1992 | 1310755 |
| efficacy of lyophilized turkey herpesvirus vaccine against marek's disease in broilers. | field trials involving approximately 1,250,000 chickens vaccinated with cell-free turkey herpesvirus (hvt) vaccine and 635,000 chickens vaccinated with cell-associated hvt vaccine howed both vaccines equally effective in reducing condemnations (attributable to marek's disease) at the poultry processing plant. vaccinated chickens were progeny of hens vaccinated at 1 day of age with cell-associated hvt vaccine. the maternal antibody did not interfere with the ability of either the cell-free or cel ... | 1975 | 1228717 |
| a comparison of the efficacy against marek's disease of cell-free and cell-associated turkey herpesvirus vaccine. | one-day-old white leghorn and broiler chicks with maternal antibody to turkey herpesvirus (hvt) were vaccinated with 300 or 1,000 plaque-forming units (pfu) of cell-free or cell-associated hvt vaccine and challenged with virulent marek's disease virus (mdv) by contact exposure. broiler chicks receiving 300 pfu of cell-associated hvt had a 3.3% incidence of md lesions, whereas only 2.0% of those receiving 1,000 pfu had macroscopic lesions. broiler chicks vaccinated with 300 pfu of cell-free vacci ... | 1975 | 1164319 |
| effects of strain of chickens and vaccination with turkey herpesvirus on marek's disease and lymphoid leukosis in breeding stocks. | 1. a total of 3236 females from eight meat-type strains, half of which were vaccinated for marek's disease (md), and 11,193 leghorn females from ten strains, all vaccinated for md, were adventitiously exposed to md and lymphoid leukosis (ll) viruses and observed to 392 and 497 d of age, respectively. 2. in the meat-type birds, vaccination reduced total mortality from 43-4% to 27-1% and mortality due to md from 16-4% to 5-4% but did not affect mortality and ll (2-9% and 3-4%). 3. in the vaccinate ... | 1975 | 1156921 |
| field trials with lyophilised herpesvirus of turkeys vaccine against marek's disease in layer and broiler rearing flocks. | the safety and immunogenicity of commercial lyophilised herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) vaccine against marek's disease (md) was evaluated in 19 field trials involving 76,848 vaccinated and 87,590 control chickens. in the first series of 11 trials involving one commercial vaccine at a dose of 536 plaque forming units (pfu) there was a significant reduction in the incidence of md (p less than 0.001) and in total mortality (p less than 0.001) from 0 to 18 weeks due to vaccination and the overall prot ... | 1976 | 1021114 |
| comparisons of cell-free and cell-associated marek's disease vaccines in maternally immune chicks. | cell-free and cell-associated marek's disease vaccines prepared from the tk/a isolate of the herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) were compared to evaluate their relative effectiveness in protecting chicks with homologous maternal antibody. the influence of early challenge on protection was also investigated. although the higher susceptibility of cell-free hvt to neutralising antibody could be demonstrated in vitro, no significant difference between the two types of vaccine could be established in vivo ... | 1976 | 941388 |