Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| effects of spinosad on helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae) from china: tolerance status, synergism and enzymatic responses. | spinosad is increasingly used in pest management programmes, and resistance to it has been detected in recent years. however, there is no report on the susceptibilities of field populations of helicoverpa armigera (hübner) from china. furthermore, the impact of spinosad on metabolic enzymes in this pest remains unknown. | 2009 | 19533589 |
| pban receptor: employment of anti-receptor antibodies for its characterization and for development of a microplate binding assay. | this study describes generation of an anti-pban receptor (pban-r) antiserum and its employment for the characterization of the pk/pban-r(s). the antiserum recognized, in a specific and dose-dependent manner, the presence of pban-r in pheromone gland membrane preparations of three female moths: heliothis peltigera, helicoverpa armigera and spodoptera littoralis. it also reacted specifically with the s. littoralis larval receptor in vivo, most likely by competing with the ligand on the binding sit ... | 2009 | 19482031 |
| overexpression of a weed (solanum americanum) proteinase inhibitor in transgenic tobacco results in increased glandular trichome density and enhanced resistance to helicoverpa armigera and spodoptera litura. | in this study we produced transgenic tobacco plants by overexpressing a serine proteinase inhibitor gene, sapin2a, from the american black nightshade solanum americanum under the control of the camv 35s promoter using agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. sapin2a was properly transcribed and translated as indicated by northern blot and western blot analyses. functional integrity of sapin2a in transgenic plants was confirmed by proteinase inhibitory activity assay. bioassays for inse ... | 2009 | 19468345 |
| frequency of alleles conferring resistance to the bacillus thuringiensis toxins cry1ac and cry2ab in australian populations of helicoverpa punctigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae) from 2002 to 2006. | helicoverpa punctigera and helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) are important pests of field and horticultural crops in australia. the former is endemic to the continent, whereas the latter is also distributed in africa and asia. although h. armigera rapidly developed resistance to virtually every group of insecticide used against it, there is only one report of resistance to an insecticide in h. punctigera. in 1996 the australian cotton industry adopted ingard, which expresses ... | 2009 | 19449655 |
| limited survival of a cry2ab-resistant strain of helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae) on bollgard ii. | bollgard ii cotton (which expresses two bt insecticidal genes cry1ac/cry2ab) and conventional cotton, grown in the laboratory or field and sampled at different stages, was exposed to helicoverpa armigera (hübner) larvae of three genotypes: homozygous for resistance to cry2ab; homozygous for susceptibility to cry2ab, and heterozygous for resistance. survival of all genotypes was limited on bollgard ii but increased as plants aged. this was particularly the case for homozygous resistant individual ... | 2009 | 19449653 |
| reduction of bacillus thuringiensis cry1ac toxicity against helicoverpa armigera by a soluble toxin-binding cadherin fragment. | a cadherin-like protein has been identified as a putative receptor for bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cry1ac toxin in helicoverpa armigera and plays a key role in bt insecticidal action. in this study, we produced a fragment from this h. armigera cry1ac toxin-binding cadherin that included the predicted toxin-binding region. binding of cry1ac toxin to this cadherin fragment facilitated the formation of a 250-kda toxin oligomer. the cadherin fragment was evaluated for its effect on cry1ac toxin-bind ... | 2009 | 19446559 |
| [chitinase b from bacillus thuringiensis enhancing potential and its antagonism and insecticidal]. | we studied the characteristics of chitinase b (chib) from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. colmeri 15a3 (bt 15a3) and evaluated its antagonism and insecticidal potential. | 2009 | 19445172 |
| ultraviolet light-induced oxidative stress: effects on antioxidant response of helicoverpa armigera adults. | ultraviolet (uv) light (blacklight), which emits uv in the range of 320-400 nm, has been used worldwide in light trapping of insect pests. in this article, we test the hypothesis that one of the effects of uv light irradiation is to increase oxidative stress on insects. the effects of uv light irradiation on total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde (mda) and protein carbonyl contents and the activities of superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), peroxidases (pox) and glutathione-s-transfer ... | 2009 | 19418599 |
| [identification and cloning of vip3a genes from isolates of bacillus thuringiensis and their bioactivity analysis]. | to survey the distribution of vip3a-type genes from isolates of bacillus thuringiensis in china and to clone novel vip3a genes encoding vip3a proteins with high insecticidal activity against lepidopteran insect larvae. | 2009 | 19388273 |
| mutation of an aminopeptidase n gene is associated with helicoverpa armigera resistance to bacillus thuringiensis cry1ac toxin. | a cry1ac-resistant strain (bt-r) of helicoverpa armigera, with 2971-fold resistance, was derived by selection with cry1ac toxin for 75 generations. we used cdna-amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis to identify those genes differentially expressed in the cry1ac-resistant and -susceptible strains, which revealed 212 differentially expressed transcripts among 2000 screened cdnas. among these transcript-derived fragments (tdfs), 37 showed some homology to known sequences, including aminop ... | 2009 | 19376227 |
| the insect snmp gene family. | snmps are membrane proteins observed to associate with chemosensory neurons in insects; in drosophila melanogaster, snmp1 has been shown to be essential for the detection of the pheromone cis-vaccenyl acetate (cva). snmps are one of three insect gene clades related to the human fatty acid transporter cd36. we previously characterized the cd36 gene family in 4 insect orders that effectively cover the holometabola, or some 80% of known insect species and the 300 million years of evolution since th ... | 2009 | 19364529 |
| efficient screening and breeding of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki for high toxicity against spodoptera exigua and heliothis armigera. | spodoptera exigua is one of the most renowned agricultural pest insects and relatively insensitive to bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strains which are widely used commercial products to control lepidopterans such as heliothis armigera. in the current study, we have developed a new and efficient approach to screen and breed a b. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki strain exhibiting high toxicity against s. exigua while retaining its high toxicity against h. armigera. uv and diethyl sulfate meth ... | 2009 | 19337765 |
| aerosol infectivity of a baculovirus to trichoplusia ni larvae: an alternative larval inoculation strategy for recombinant protein production. | the baculovirus-insect expression system is a popular tool for recombinant protein production. the standard method for infecting insect larvae with recombinant baculovirus for protein production involves either feeding occlusion bodies or injecting budded virus into the cuticle. in this study, we showed that the recombinant autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv) at titers >10(8) pfu/ml efficiently infected trichoplusia ni (t. ni) larvae through aerosol inoculation of budde ... | 2009 | 19334290 |
| a comparison of alternative plant mixes for conservation bio-control by native beneficial arthropods in vegetable cropping systems in queensland australia. | cucurbit crops host a range of serious sap-sucking insect pests, including silverleaf whitefly (slw) and aphids, which potentially represent considerable risk to the australian horticulture industry. these pests are extremely polyphagous with a wide host range. chemical control is made difficult due to resistance and pollution, and other side-effects are associated with insecticide use. consequently, there is much interest in maximising the role of biological control in the management of these s ... | 2010 | 19323854 |
| cloning and characterization of two novel crystal protein genes, cry54aa1 and cry30fa1, from bacillus thuringiensis strain btmc28. | bacillus thuringiensis strain btmc28 was isolated from the soil sample in china. two novel crystal protein genes were found by using the pcr-rflp method. moreover, the full-length sequences of two novel genes were obtained by a single oligonucleotide nested (son)-pcr upstream and downstream strategy. sequence analysis revealed that one gene encoded a polypeptide of 673 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 76.3 kda, 38% identical to cry10aa, and the other encoded a polypeptide of 687 amin ... | 2009 | 19280260 |
| efficient constitutive expression of chitinase in the mother cell of bacillus thuringiensis and its potential to enhance the toxicity of cry1ac protoxin. | previous studies revealed that chitinase could enhance the insecticidal activity of bacillus thuringiensis and it has been used in combination with b. thuringiensis widely. however, the expression of b. thuringiensis chitinase is rather low and needs induction by chitin, which limits its field application. it would make sense to constitutively express the chitinase at a sufficiently high level to offer advantages in biological control of pests. in this study, a signal peptide-encoding sequence-d ... | 2009 | 19277644 |
| mannose-binding lectin from yam (dioscorea batatas) tubers with insecticidal properties against helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | the amino acid sequence of mannose-binding lectin, named db1, from the yam (dioscorea batatas, synonym dioscorea polystachya) tubers was determined. the lectin was composed of two isoforms db1(cys86) and db1(leu86) consisting of 108 amino acid residues with 90% sequence homology between them. db1 showed a high sequence similarity to snowdrop (galanthus nivalis) bulb lectin, gna; especially, the carbohydrate-binding sites of gna were highly conserved in db1. db1 interacted with d-mannose residues ... | 2009 | 19271711 |
| effects of bacillus thuringiensis toxin cry1ac and cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus of helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (hacpv) on cotton bollworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | in this study, interactions on the mortality and debilitating effects between cry1ac, a toxic protein produced by bacillus thuringiensis (berliner) and hacpv (chinese strain) on first and third instars larvae of helicoverpa armigera were evaluated in laboratory. when first instar was exposed to combination of bt cotton leaf discs containing hacpv (6 x 10(6), 1 x 10(7), and 3 x 10(7) pib ml(-1)) the effect on mortality was additive, when such instar larvae exposed to combination of cry1ac (0.9, 2 ... | 2009 | 19269293 |
| a eukaryotic initiation factor 5c is upregulated during metamorphosis in the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera. | the orthologs of eukaryotic initiation factor 5c (eif5c) are essential to the initiation of protein translation, and their regulation during development is not well known. | 2009 | 19267937 |
| tranosema rostrale ichnovirus repeat element genes display distinct transcriptional patterns in caterpillar and wasp hosts. | the endoparasitic wasp tranosema rostrale transmits an ichnovirus to its lepidopteran host, choristoneura fumiferana, during parasitization. as shown for other ichnoviruses, the segmented dsdna genome of the t. rostrale ichnovirus (triv) features several multi-gene families, including the repeat element (rep) family, whose products display no known similarity to non-ichnovirus proteins, except for a homologue encoded by the genome of the helicoverpa armigera granulovirus; their functions remain ... | 2009 | 19264643 |
| seasonal migration of helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae) over the bohai sea. | the seasonal migration of the helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) over the bohai sea was observed with a searchlight trap and an entomological radar located on a small island in the center of the sea, and through a network of light-traps around the bohai region. the h. armigera moths were observed to migrate over the sea at least as early as may and light trapping through a network suggested migration might start as early as april, as soon as the moths had emerged from overwin ... | 2009 | 19253623 |
| safety assessment and detection method of genetically modified chinese kale (brassica oleracea cv. alboglabra ). | sporamins are tuberous storage proteins and account for 80% of soluble protein in sweet potato tubers with trypsin-inhibitory activity. the expression of sporamin protein in transgenic chinese kale (line boa 3-1) conferred insecticidal activity toward corn earworm [ helicoverpa armigera (hubner)] in a previous report. in this study, we present a preliminary safety assessment of transgenic chinese kale boa 3-1. bioinformatic and simulated gastric fluid (sgf) analyses were performed to evaluate th ... | 2009 | 19216530 |
| differential elicitation of proteases and protease inhibitors in two different genotypes of chickpea (cicer arietinum) by salicylic acid and spermine. | elicitation of proteases and protease inhibitors (pis) by salicylic acid (sa) and spermine (spm) was investigated in roots and shoots of two different genotypes of chickpea cultivars iccv10 and l550, which were resistant and susceptible to wilt disease, respectively. sa and spm were found to suppress the elicitation of proteases in the resistant cv, whereas they induce it in susceptible cv. elicitation of new trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitors was observed in the roots and shoots of resistant c ... | 2009 | 19201507 |
| characterization of a c-type lectin from the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera. | c-type lectins can specifically recognize sugars on the surface of microorganisms and cause a series of immune responses to effectively resist pathogenic invasions. in previous work in our laboratory, we obtained a c-type lectin from helicoverpa armigera (ha-lectin). it has two different carbohydrate recognition domains (crds) crd1 and crd2 arranged in tandem. in this study, recombinant crd1 and crd2 were expressed separately in escherichia coli and purified. they have the ability to agglutinate ... | 2009 | 19185587 |
| constitutive expression of a trypsin protease inhibitor confers multiple stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco. | protease inhibitors have been reported to confer insect resistance in transgenic plants, except for a rice protease inhibitor that conferred drought tolerance in transgenic rice plants. we have cloned a protease inhibitor of tobacco that is expressed under treatment with aba, hydrogen peroxide, methyl jasmonate and wounding. the cdna codes for a six-domain serine protease inhibitor with a deduced sequence of 396 amino acids. we have generated transgenic tobacco plants expressing the protease inh ... | 2009 | 19179349 |
| modified female calling behaviour in cry1ac-resistant helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | the resistance risk in helicoverpa armigera (hübner) to transgenic cotton that expresses cry1ac from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) has raised concerns about the sustainable deployment of bt cotton. mating behaviour between resistant and susceptible individuals is an important factor that affects resistance evolution of the insect. the female calling behaviours of the cry1ac-resistant strain and its susceptible control were compared in the laboratory to understand the difference in mating biology. | 2009 | 19165761 |
| using an f(2) screen to monitor frequency of resistance alleles to bt cotton in field populations of helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | in an effort to control the most devastating cotton pest, helicoverpa armigera (hübner), in qiuxian county (hebei, china), bt cotton has been planted almost exclusively since 1998 in this area. owing to the high insecticidal selection pressures in this region, monitoring of bt resistance in h. armigera is necessary so that proactive actions can be implemented before field control measures fail. from 2003 to 2005, an f(2) screen was conducted in order to monitor bt resistance in h. armigera popul ... | 2009 | 19165746 |
| resistance of helicoverpa armigera to cry1ac toxin from bacillus thuringiensis is due to improper processing of the protoxin. | the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis produces icps (insecticidal crystal proteins) that are deposited in their spore mother cells. when susceptible lepidopteran larvae ingest these spore mother cells, the icps get solubilized in the alkaline gut environment. of approx. 140 insecticidal proteins described thus far, insecticidal protein cry1ac has been applied extensively as the main ingredient of spray formulation as well as the principal icp introduced into crops as transgene for agricultural cr ... | 2009 | 19146482 |
| winged bean chymotrypsin inhibitors retard growth of helicoverpa armigera. | two putative kunitz-type chymotrypsin inhibitor genes (wci2 and wci5) were isolated from winged bean (psophocarpus tetragonolobus (l.) dc). while wci2 has previously been characterized, wci5 represents a new member of the wci family. wci5 was exclusively expressed in winged bean seeds. theoretical translation of both the genes resulted into polypeptides of 207 amino acids with 86% sequence similarity. the polypeptide sequences contain four half-cysteine residues and a well-conserved leu(65)-ser( ... | 2009 | 19059315 |
| defensive role of tomato polyphenol oxidases against cotton bollworm (helicoverpa armigera) and beet armyworm (spodoptera exigua). | tomato (solanum lycopersicum) polyphenol oxidases (ppos), enzymes that oxidize phenolics to quinones, have been implicated in plant resistance to insects. the role of ppo in resistance to cotton bollworm [helicoverpa armigera (hübner)] and beet armyworm [spodoptera exigua (hübner)] (lepidoptera: noctuidae) was evaluated. consumption, weight gains, and mortality of larvae feeding on foliage of transgenic tomato lines overexpressing ppo (op lines) and of larvae feeding on foliage of transgenic tom ... | 2009 | 19050959 |
| relationships among activities of extracellular enzyme production and virulence against helicoverpa armigera in beauveria bassiana. | extracellular enzymes produced by beauveria bassiana, are believed to play a key role in cuticle hydrolysis. enzyme production and pathogenicity has been found to be positively correlated. twenty-eight isolates of b. bassiana, collected from different geographical regions and host ranges were characterized by in vitro extracellular enzyme production and sds-page techniques for discerning biochemical basis for virulence among the different isolates. in vitro analysis of extracellular enzymes like ... | 2009 | 19025880 |
| identification of a novel gene encoding the trehalose phosphate synthase in the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera. | trehalose and trehalose metabolism are crucial for insect development. we measured the content of polyhydric compounds in the hemolymph of diapause- and nondiapause-destined individuals of helicoverpa armigera. we found that the trehalose content is much higher in diapause-destined individuals than that in nondiapause individuals. the activity of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (tps) during h. armigera larval-pupal development is significantly higher in diapause-type individuals and is closely co ... | 2009 | 19004876 |
| growth, viral production and metabolism of a helicoverpa zea cell line in serum-free culture. | insect cell cultures have been extensively utilised for means of production for heterologous proteins and biopesticides. spodoptera frugiperda (sf9) and trichoplusia ni (high fivetrade mark) cell lines have been widely used for the production of recombinant proteins, thus metabolism of these cell lines have been investigated thoroughly over recent years. the helicoverpa zea cell line has potential use for the production of a biopesticide, specifically the helicoverpa armigera single-nucleocapsid ... | 2003 | 19002933 |
| introgression of a disrupted cadherin gene enables susceptible helicoverpa armigera to obtain resistance to bacillus thuringiensis toxin cry1ac. | a disrupted allele (r1) of a cadherin gene (ha_btr) is genetically associated with incompletely recessive resistance to bacillus thuringiensis toxin cry1ac in a cry1ac-selected strain (gybt) of helicoverpa armigera. the r1 allele of ha_btr was introgressed into a susceptible scd strain by crossing the gybt strain to the scd strain, followed by repeated backcrossing to the scd strain and molecular marker assisted family selection. the introgressed strain (designated as scd-r1, carrying homozygous ... | 2009 | 18954492 |
| specific binding of bacillus thuringiensis cry2a insecticidal proteins to a common site in the midgut of helicoverpa species. | for a long time, it has been assumed that the mode of action of cry2a toxins was unique and different from that of other three-domain cry toxins due to their apparent nonspecific and unsaturable binding to an unlimited number of receptors. however, based on the homology of the tertiary structure among three-domain cry toxins, similar modes of action for all of them are expected. to confirm this hypothesis, binding assays were carried out with (125)i-labeled cry2ab. saturation assays showed that ... | 2008 | 18931285 |
| solubilization, activation, and insecticidal activity of bacillus thuringiensis serovar thompsoni hd542 crystal proteins. | cry15aa protein, produced by bacillus thuringiensis serovar thompsoni hd542 in a crystal together with a 40-kda accompanying protein, is one of a small group of nontypical, less well-studied members of the cry family of insecticidal proteins and may provide an alternative for the more commonly used cry proteins in insect pest management. in this paper, we describe the characterization of the cry15aa and 40-kda protein's biochemical and insecticidal properties and the mode of action. both protein ... | 2008 | 18836017 |
| suppression of cotton bollworm in multiple crops in china in areas with bt toxin-containing cotton. | transgenic cotton that has been engineered to produce insecticidal toxins from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) and so to resist the pest cotton bollworm (helicoverpa armigera) has been widely planted in asia. analysis of the population dynamics of h. armigera from 1992 to 2007 in china indicated that a marked decrease in regional outbreaks of this pest in multiple crops was associated with the planting of bt cotton. the study area included six provinces in northern china with an annual total of 3 mi ... | 2008 | 18801998 |
| reproductive biology of two nontarget insect species, aphis gossypii (homoptera: aphididae) and orius sauteri (hemiptera: anthocoridae), on bt and non-bt cotton cultivars. | transgenic bt cotton, engineered to continuously produce activated delta-endotoxins of the soil bacteria bacillus thuringiensis, holds great promise in controlling helicoverpa armigera and other lepidopteran pests. however, it also may impact the invertebrate community, which needs to be clarified. the effects of bt cotton on two nontarget insects, aphis gossypii and orius sauteri, were assessed under semifield and laboratory conditions. mean total duration of nymphal stages of a. gossypii was s ... | 2008 | 18801270 |
| characterization of the cry1ac17 gene from an indigenous strain of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kenyae. | an indigenously isolated strain of bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kenyae exhibited toxicity against lepidopteran as well as dipteran insects. the lepidopteran active cry1ac protoxin gene coding sequence of 3.5 kb from this strain was cloned into vector pet28a(+). however, it could not be expressed in commonly used escherichia coli expression hosts, bl21(de3) and bl21(de3)plyss. this gene is classified as cry1ac17 in the b. thuringiensis toxic nomenclature database. the coding sequence of this gen ... | 2008 | 18795364 |
| effects of larval host plants on over-wintering physiological dynamics and survival of the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | laboratory colonies of cotton bollworm larvae, helicoverpa armigera, were kept at 20 degrees c under a photoperiod of l:d=10:14 and fed on three host plants (cotton, tobacco, kidney bean) and an artificial diet (control) to determine the dynamic effects of larval host quality on over-wintering physiology and mortality. energy reserves (glycogen and lipid), super-cooling points (scps), low-molecular-weight sugars, temperature, and mortality were monitored from november 2002 to april 2003. lipid c ... | 2009 | 18761347 |
| proteomic analysis of the peritrophic matrix from the gut of the caterpillar, helicoverpa armigera. | the peritrophic matrix from the midgut of the caterpillar, helicovera armigera, was solubilized by treatment with anhydrous trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, apparently by depolymerisation of its chitin component. this allowed the efficient extraction of proteins in a technique that may be broadly applicable to the analysis of other structures containing chitin. gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry of tryptic peptides were used to identify the extracted proteins with gut-expressed cdna sequenc ... | 2008 | 18760362 |
| functional studies of per os infectivity factors of helicoverpa armigera single nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus. | a combined functional investigation on the four per os infectivity factors (pifs) of helicoverpa armigera single nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (hearnpv) was conducted in this study. hearnpv bacmids with deletions of p74 (ha20), pif1 (ha111), pif2 (ha132) and pif3 (ha98) were constructed individually by homologous recombination in escherichia coli cells. repaired bacmids with respective pifs were also constructed. western blot analyses revealed that all four pifs were structural components of ... | 2008 | 18753243 |
| expression of v-cath gene from hearnpv in tobacco confers an antifeedant effect against helicoverpa armigera. | biotechnology solutions for insect control on crops largely depend on the expression of bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal proteins to kill pests. v-cath, a cathepsin l-like cysteine protease from baculoviruses, has been shown to play an essential role in host insect liquefaction. in this study, the v-cath gene from helicoverpa armigera single nucleopolyhedrovirus (hearnpv) was cloned into the pbi121 binary vector under the control of camv35s promoter, and was expressed in tobacco via agrobacte ... | 2008 | 18722486 |
| screening for antifeedant and larvicidal activity of plant extracts against helicoverpa armigera (hübner), sylepta derogata (f.) and anopheles stephensi (liston). | plant extracts, especially botanical insecticides, are currently studied more and more because of the possibility of their use in plant protection. biological activity of five solvent plant extracts were studied using fourth instar larvae of gram pod borer helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae), cotton leaf roller sylepta derogata (lepidoptera: pyralidae) and malaria vector anopheles stephensi (diptera: culicidae). antifeedant and larvicidal activity of acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ... | 2008 | 18679716 |
| an insecticidal groel protein with chitin binding activity from xenorhabdus nematophila. | xenorhabdus nematophila secretes insecticidal proteins to kill its larval prey. we have isolated an approximately 58-kda groel homolog, secreted in the culture medium through outer membrane vesicles. the protein was orally insecticidal to the major crop pest helicoverpa armigera with an lc50 of approximately 3.6 microg/g diet. for optimal insecticidal activity all three domains of the protein, apical, intermediate, and equatorial, were necessary. the apical domain alone was able to bind to the l ... | 2008 | 18667427 |
| comparison of sequence diversity in several cytoplasmic polyhedrosis viruses. | sequence homology among several different cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (cpv) types and the human reovirus (type 1) was examined by northern blot analysis and s, nuclease analysis, using random-primed cdna probes synthesized from total genomic rna. the results show no homology among the cpv type 1, bombyx mori cpv, type 5, orgyia pseudotsugata cpv, type 8, manduca sexta cpv and the human reovirus (type 1). however, there was significant homology among three type 5 cpvs, o. pseudotsugata cpv, eu ... | 1983 | 18639153 |
| induction of a nonoccluded baculovirus persistently infecting heliothis zea cells by heliothis armigera and trichoplusia ni nuclear polyhedrosis viruses. | a nonoccluded singly enveloped baculovirus (baculovirus x) persistently infects heliothis zea (imc-hz-1) cells in culture. singly enveloped nuclear polyhedrosis viruses from h. zea and heliothis armigera, and multiply enveloped nuclear polyhedrosis viruses from trichoplusia ni, spodoptera frugiperda, and spodoptera littoralis were all found to induce baculovirus x. experiments are reported which use metabolic inhibitors and inactivated inducing virus to show that it is probable that a structural ... | 1981 | 18635066 |
| radioimmunoassay analysis of baculovirus granulins and polyhedrins. | granulin and polyhedrin proteins were purified by preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis from the baculoviruses autographa californica, rachiplusia ou, heliothis zea, heliothis armigera, trichoplusia ni, and spodoptera frugiperda. antisera were raised against autographa californica (ac) polyhedrin and trichoplusia ni (tn) granulin and analyzed for homologous and heterologous immunoreactivity by immunodiffusion and radioimmunoassay (ria). ac polyhedrin and tn ... | 1980 | 18631650 |
| up-regulation of lysozyme gene expression during metamorphosis and immune challenge of the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera. | lysozymes act as crucial bacteriolytic enzymes in insect immune system by hydrolyzing the beta (1-->4) bonds between n-acetylglucosamine and n-acetylmuramic acid in the peptidoglycan of prokaryotic cell walls. we have isolated and characterized a helicoverpa armigera cdna encoding an insect lysozyme named halyz. we amplified a fragment by pcr, using degenerate primers derived from the conservative amino acid sequences for performing 5' and 3' race. the full-length cdna was 661 base pairs. the th ... | 2009 | 18615707 |
| resistance allele frequency to bt cotton in field populations of helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae) in china. | resistance evolution in target insects to bacillus thurningiensis (bt) cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., is a main threat to bt cotton technology. an increasing trend of population density of helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) has been observed since 2001 in qiuxian county (hebei, china), where bt cotton has been planted dominantly since 1998. this region was selected in 2006 and 2007 for estimating frequency of gene alleles conferring resistance to bt cotton by screening the f1 ... | 2008 | 18613597 |
| isolations of cry2ab resistance in australian populations of helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae) are allelic. | alleles conferring resistance to cry2ab toxin occur at a frequency of 0.0033 in australian populations of helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), and it is evident that detectable levels of resistance predated the introduction of transgenic cotton expressing this toxin. from 2002 until 2006, 10 such resistant alleles were scored. here, we examine colonies established from five of the 10 isolates by using complementation tests to determine their genetic relationships. the results ... | 2008 | 18613594 |
| use of a cry1ac-resistant line of helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae) to detect novel insecticidal toxin genes in bacillus thuringiensis. | this paper describes a screening strategy incorporating resistant insect lines for discovery of new bacillus thuringiensis toxins against a background of known genes that would normally mask the activity of additional genes and the application of that strategy. a line of helicoverpa armigera with resistance to cry1ac (line isoc) was used to screen cry1ac-expressing strains of b. thuringiensis for additional toxins with activity against h. armigera. using this approach, a number of cry1ac-produci ... | 2008 | 18592310 |
| unusually high frequency of genes encoding vegetative insecticidal proteins in an australian bacillus thuringiensis collection. | of 188 australian bacillus thuringiensis strains screened for genes encoding soluble insecticidal proteins by polymerase chain reaction/restriction-length fragment polymorphism (rflp) analysis, 87% showed the presence of such genes. although 135 isolates (72%) produced an rflp pattern identical to that expected for vip3a genes, 29 isolates possessed a novel vip-like gene. the novel vip-like gene was cloned from b. thuringiensis isolate c81, and sequence analysis demonstrated that it was 94% iden ... | 2008 | 18592309 |
| diversity of aminopeptidases, derived from four lepidopteran gene duplications, and polycalins expressed in the midgut of helicoverpa armigera: identification of proteins binding the delta-endotoxin, cry1ac of bacillus thuringiensis. | helicoverpa armigera midgut proteins that bind the bacillus thuringiensis (bt) delta-endotoxin cry1ac were purified by affinity chromatography. sds-page showed that several proteins were eluted with n-acetylgalactosamine and no further proteins were detected after elution with urea. tandem mass spectral data for tryptic peptides initially indicated that the proteins resembled aminopeptidases (apns) from other lepidopterans and cdna sequences for seven apns were isolated from h. armigera through ... | 2008 | 18549954 |
| differential transcript accumulation in cicer arietinum l. in response to a chewing insect helicoverpa armigera and defence regulators correlate with reduced insect performance. | monitoring transcriptional reorganization triggered in response to a particular stress is an essential first step for the functional analysis of genes involved in the process. to characterize cicer arietinum l. defence responses against helicoverpa armigera feeding, transcript patterns elicited by both herbivore and mechanical wounding were profiled and compared, and the application of defence regulators was assessed. a combination of approaches was employed to develop transcript profiles, inclu ... | 2008 | 18544610 |
| effectiveness of bacillus thuringiensis-transgenic chickpeas and the entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae in controlling helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | the use of genetically modified (bt) crops expressing lepidopteran-specific cry proteins derived from the soil bacterium bacillus thuringiensis is an effective method to control the polyphagous pest helicoverpa armigera. as h. armigera potentially develops resistance to cry proteins, bt crops should be regarded as one tool in integrated pest management. therefore, they should be compatible with biological control. bioassays were conducted to understand the interactions between a cry2aa-expressin ... | 2008 | 18487396 |
| molecular cloning and expression profiles of the acyl-coa-binding protein gene from the cotton bollworm helicoverpa armigera. | acyl-coa-binding protein (acbp), also known as the diazepam-binding inhibitor (dbi), has been identified in diverse species and is evolutionarily conserved in plants and animals. in a recent study, an acbp cdna (haacbp) encoding 85 amino acids was isolated from the cotton bollworm helicoverpa armigera. the isolated protein is highly homologous to the acbp present in the bombyx mori midgut, where it is highly expressed. northern and western blot analyses revealed that haacbp is expressed predomin ... | 2008 | 18481302 |
| diet factors responsible for the change of the glucose oxidase activity in labial salivary glands of helicoverpa armigera. | we investigated the change of the glucose oxidase (gox) activity in labial salivary glands of helicoverpa armigera larvae fed with the artificial diet or host plant tobacco and the major factors responsible for such a change. throughout larval development, the labial salivary gox activities in caterpillars reared on the artificial diet were remarkably higher than those fed with the plant. after fifth-instar plant-fed caterpillars were transferred to the artificial diet, their labial salivary gox ... | 2008 | 18481298 |
| expression and activity of a probable toxin from photorhabdus luminescens. | as an insect pathogen, photorhabdus luminescens possesses an arsenal of toxins. here we cloned and expressed a probable toxin from p. luminescens subsp. akhurstii ynd185, designated as photorhabdus insecticidal toxin (pit). the pit gene shares 94% nucleotide and 98% predicted amino acid sequence identity with plu1537, a predicted orf from p. luminescens subsp. laumondii tt01 and 30% predicted amino acid sequence similarity to a fragment of a 13.6 kda insecticidal crystal protein gene of bacillus ... | 2009 | 18409059 |
| nonuniform distribution of glucosinolates in arabidopsis thaliana leaves has important consequences for plant defense. | the spatial distribution of plant defenses within a leaf may be critical in explaining patterns of herbivory. the generalist lepidopteran larvae, helicoverpa armigera (the cotton bollworm), avoided the midvein and periphery of arabidopsis thaliana rosette leaves and fed almost exclusively on the inner lamina. this feeding pattern was attributed to glucosinolates because it was not evident in a myrosinase mutant that lacks the ability to activate glucosinolate defenses by hydrolysis. to measure t ... | 2008 | 18408160 |
| genetic basis of sex pheromone blend difference between helicoverpa armigera (hübner) and helicoverpa assulta (guenée) (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | the two closely related moth species, helicoverpa armigera and h. assulta, are sympatric in china. both species use a mixture of (z)-11-hexadecenal (z11-16:ald) and (z)-9-hexadecenal (z9-16:ald) as their sex pheromones but in widely different ratios. hybridization and backcrossing experiments between h. armigera and h. assulta were conducted and sex pheromone compositions of the parent species, their f(1) hybrids and backcrosses were compared to study the genetic basis of the production of their ... | 2008 | 18405915 |
| new cell lines derived from the black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon, that support replication of the a. ipsilon multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus and several group i nucleopolyhedroviruses. | new cell lines were recently developed from the embryos of the black cutworm, agrotis ipsilon (lepidoptera: noctuidae). a primary culture was initiated from 4-day-old a. ipsilon eggs in excell420 medium supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum. this initial culture produced sufficient cell growth to allow subcultivation and eventually led to the establishment of eight distinct strains. two of these strains (aie1611t and aied6t) were selected for further characterization. extracts of these strains ... | 2008 | 18395741 |
| assessment of the suitability of tinopal as an enhancing adjuvant in formulations of the insect pathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana (bals.) vuillemin. | biopesticides based on beauveria bassiana (bals.) vuillemin hold great promise for the management of a wide range of insect pests. the conidia in the biopesticide formulation require an adjuvant to protect them from photoinactivation by sunlight. the suitability of tinopal, an optical brightener used as sunscreen for baculovirus formulations, for use with b. bassiana was assessed. the aim was to study the effect of tinopal on the growth and photoprotection of b. bassiana, and its effect on the s ... | 2008 | 18383501 |
| transcriptional analysis and functional characterization of a gene pair encoding iron-regulated xenocin and immunity proteins of xenorhabdus nematophila. | we describe a two-gene cluster encoding a bacteriocin, xenocin, and the cognate immunity protein in the insect-pathogenic bacterium xenorhabdus nematophila, which infects and kills larval stages of the common crop pest helicoverpa armigera. the two genes, xcina and ximb, are present in the genome as a single transcriptional unit, which is regulated under sos conditions. the stress-inducible promoter was activated by mitomycin c, glucose, and fe(3+) depletion and at an elevated temperature when i ... | 2008 | 18375563 |
| the complete nucleotide sequence of the type 5 helicoverpa armigera cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus genome. | the s1-6, s8, and s9 segments of the type 5 helicoverpa armigera cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (hacpv-5, chinese strain) were cloned and sequenced, completing the hacpv-5 genome. we found that each hacpv-5 segment exhibits the conserved terminal sequences aguu and uugc located at the 5' and 3' ends, respectively. we also analyzed the translation initiation codon of the hacpv-5 genome and compared it with the available cypovirus sequences in genbank. we postulated that the conserved purine at th ... | 2008 | 18368473 |
| identification of a kunitz inhibitor from albizzia kalkora and its inhibitory effect against pest midgut proteases. | a purification protocol, involving water extraction, ammonium sulfate precipitation, sepharose 4b-trypsin affinity and fplc superdex g-75 chromatography, was employed to isolate a trypsin inhibitor from albizzia kalkora seeds. the inhibitor, which had a molecular mass of 19,768.23 da, consisted of two disulfide-linked polypeptide chains with approximate molecular mass of 15.5 and 4.5 kda, respectively. it was stable from ph 2-12 for 24 h, whereas it was unstable either above 80 degrees c for 10 ... | 2008 | 18368297 |
| baited traps may be an alternative to conventional pesticides in integrated crop management of chicory (compositae) in south africa. | chicory, chicorium intybus l. (compositae), is a major field crop in the eastern cape province of south africa. several pests feed on the leaves of the plant, resulting in reduced yield. the most important of these are the noctuid moths helicoverpa armigera (hübner), chrysodeixis acuta (walker), and trichoplusia orichalcea (f.). the use of attract-and-kill traps offers an alternative to broad-based insecticides in the control of these species. three fields were treated with normal insecticides a ... | 2008 | 18330122 |
| oviposition deterrents from eggs of the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae): chemical identification and analysis by electroantennogram. | our previous results showed that an extract of the abdomens of mated females of the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera, deterred oviposition of conspecifics. in this paper, we found that the extract, in addition to reducing conspecifics' oviposition, could elicit strong electroantennogram responses from mated females. the eag elicitors mainly came from mature chorionated eggs in the ovarioles. laid eggs or their surface extract evoked similar eag responses. the main chemical components of the ... | 2008 | 18316092 |
| mapping the larval midgut lumen proteome of helicoverpa armigera, a generalist herbivorous insect. | the gut lumen is the primary site of digestion and detoxification and thus presents conditions hostile to most proteins. we used 2d-gel electrophoresis and ms/ms de novo peptide sequencing to identify the major proteins stable enough to persist in the midgut lumen of caterpillars of the cotton bollworm helicoverpa armigera, a generalist herbivorous insect and a major crop pest worldwide. as expected, we found several enzymes responsible for digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids. in ad ... | 2008 | 18314941 |
| responses of helicoverpa armigera to tomato plants previously infected by tomv or damaged by h. armigera. | we report the comparative inducing effects of a phytopathogen and a herbivorous arthropod on the performance of an herbivore. tomato, lycopersicon esculentum mill., was used as the test plant, and tomato mosaic virus (tomv) and corn earworm, helicoverpa armigera hübner, were used as the phytopathogen and herbivore, respectively. there were decreases in the efficiency of conversion of ingested food and efficiency of conversion of digested food when h. armigera was reared on tomato plants that had ... | 2008 | 18286340 |
| effects of bacillus thuringiensis cry toxins on developmental and reproductive characteristics of the predator orius albidipennis (hemiptera: anthocoridae) under laboratory conditions. | the effects of cry toxins from bacillus thuringiensis (berliner) (bt) on the anthocorid orius albidipennis reuter were studied under laboratory conditions. tritrophic experiments were performed, in which orius nymphs were fed helicoverpa armigera (hübner) larvae reared on a diet with cry1ac, cry1ab, or cry2ab toxins at different concentrations (0, 1, and 10 microg/ml), when supplemented with ephestia kuehniella zeller eggs. in complementary experiments, the bt cry1ac toxin was directly fed to or ... | 2007 | 18284750 |
| type 1 fimbriae of insecticidal bacterium xenorhabdus nematophila is necessary for growth and colonization of its symbiotic host nematode steinernema carpocapsiae. | xenorhabdus nematophila produces type 1 fimbriae on the surface of phase i cells. fimbriae mediate recognition and adhesion of the bacteria to its target cell. to investigate the role of fimbriae in the biology of x. nematophila, we have produced a fimbrial mutant strain by insertional inactivation of the mrxa gene, encoding the structural subunit of type 1 fimbriae. phenotypic characterization of the mutant revealed loss of fimbriae on the cell surface. cell surface characteristics like dye abs ... | 2008 | 18279345 |
| the f protein of helicoverpa armigera single nucleopolyhedrovirus can be substituted functionally with its homologue from spodoptera exigua multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus. | f proteins of group ii nucleopolyhedroviruses (npvs) are envelope fusion proteins essential for virus entry and egress. an f-null helicoverpa armigera single nucleocapsid npv (hearnpv) bacmid, habacdeltaf, was constructed. this bacmid could not produce infectious budded virus (bv) when transfected into hzam1 cells, showing that f protein is essential for cell-to-cell transmission of bvs. when habacdeltaf was pseudotyped with the homologous f protein (habacdeltaf-haf, positive control) or with th ... | 2008 | 18272771 |
| expression of mel gene improves the uv resistance of bacillus thuringiensis. | to improve ultraviolet (uv) resistance of bacillus thuringiensis for increasing the duration of the bt product applied in the field, a genetically engineered strain bt td841 that produced both melanin and cry1a protein was constructed, and its uv resistance was evaluated in the laboratory. | 2008 | 18266703 |
| improving the insecticidal activity by expression of a recombinant cry1ac gene with chitinase-encoding gene in acrystalliferous bacillus thuringiensis. | in order to improve the insecticidal activity, the chitinase gene from tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) endochitinase and the cry1ac gene from bacillus thuringiensis were cloned into the vector pht315 and designated as phuaccb5 plasmid. the constructed transcriptional fusion was attempted under the control of the native cry1ac promoter. plasmid phuaccb5 was introduced into b. thuringiensis acrystalliferous by electroporation. analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and w ... | 2008 | 18259812 |
| cloning and characterization of a novel cry1a toxin from bacillus thuringiensis with high toxicity to the asian corn borer and other lepidopteran insects. | a novel cry1a was cloned from bacillus thuringiensis strain bt8 and expressed in the b. thuringiensis acrystalliferous mutant hd73(-). the gene, designated cry1ah1, encoded a protein with a molecular weight of 134 kda. reverse transcriptase-pcr and western blotting showed that cry1ah was expressed in the host strain bt8. the toxin expressed in hd73(-) exhibited high toxicity against lepidopteran larvae of ostrinia furnacalis, helicoverpa armigera, chilo suppressalis, and plutella xylostella. the ... | 2008 | 18248430 |
| identification of a hydrophobic domain of ha2 essential to morphogenesis of helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus. | the ha2 protein of the helicoverpa armigera single-nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (hearnpv) is a wasp homology protein capable of nucleating branched actin filaments in the presence of the arp2/3 complex in vitro. to determine the role of ha2 in the hearnpv life cycle, ha2 knockout and ha2 repair bacmids were constructed. transfection and infection analysis demonstrated that the ha2 null bacmid was unable to produce infectious budded virus (bv), while the repair bacmid rescued the defect. in ... | 2008 | 18234795 |
| frequency of alleles conferring resistance to the bt toxins cry1ac and cry2ab in australian populations of helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) is an important lepidopteran pest of cotton (gossypium spp.) in australia and the old world. from 2002, f2 screens were used to examine the frequency of resistance alleles in australian populations of h. armigera to bacillus thuringiensis (bt) crylac and cry2ab, the two insecticidal proteins present in the transgenic cotton bollgard ii. at that time, ingard (expressing cry1ac) cotton had been grown in australia for seven seasons, and bollgar ... | 2007 | 18232402 |
| bacillus thuringiensis cry1ac toxin-binding and pore-forming activity in brush border membrane vesicles prepared from anterior and posterior midgut regions of lepidopteran larvae. | it is generally accepted that bacillus thuringiensis cry toxins insert into the apical membrane of the larval midgut after binding to specific receptors, and there is evidence that the distribution of binding molecules along the midgut is not uniform. by use of the voltage-sensitive dye disc(3)(5) and (125)i-labeled cry1ac, we have measured the effect of cry1ac in terms of permeabilization capacity and of binding parameters on brush border membrane vesicles (bbmv) prepared from the anterior and ... | 2008 | 18223107 |
| plant cyclotides disrupt epithelial cells in the midgut of lepidopteran larvae. | several members of the rubiaceae and violaceae plant families produce a series of cyclotides or macrocyclic peptides of 28-37 aa with an embedded cystine knot. the cyclic peptide backbone together with the knotted and strongly braced structure confers exceptional chemical and biological stability that has attracted attention for potential pharmaceutical applications. cyclotides display a diverse range of biological activities, such as uterotonic action, anti-hiv activity, and neurotensin antagon ... | 2008 | 18202177 |
| immunolocalization of general odorant-binding protein in antennal sensilla of moth caterpillars. | antennae of bombyx mori and helicoverpa armigera larvae were immunolabelled with antisera raised against the pheromone-binding protein or the general odorant-binding protein 2 of antheraea polyphemus to assign the expression of these proteins to individual sensilla and to compare the localization pattern with that in sensilla of adult moths. specific labelling of antennal sensilla was only obtained with the antiserum against general odorant-binding protein 2. among the few sensilla present on th ... | 2000 | 18088914 |
| effects of helicoverpa armigera (noctuidae, lepidoptera) host stages on some developmental parameters of the uniparental endoparasitoid meteorus pulchricornis (braconidae, hymenoptera). | a single choice test was performed to examine developmental strategies in the uniparental endoparasitoid meteorus pulchricornis and its host, the cotton bollworm helicoverpa armigera. the results support the dome-shaped model in which the fitness functions are 'dome-shaped' relative to size (and age) of host at parasitism. older and, hence, larger host larvae were simply not better hosts for the developing parasitoids. although parasitoid size (measured as cocoon weight and adult hind tibia leng ... | 2008 | 18076779 |
| degradation of the insecticidal toxin produced by bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki by extracellular proteases produced by chrysosporium sp. | some cry proteins produced by the soil bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt) or by transgenic bt plants persist in agricultural soils for an extended period of time, which may pose a hazard for nontarget soil organisms. the aims of our study were to screen for soil fungi capable of degrading the cry1ac toxin and to identify the mechanisms that lead to the inactivation of this protein. | 2008 | 18028364 |
| deletion of a helicoverpa armigera nucleopolyhedrovirus gene encoding a virion structural protein (orf107) increases the budded virion titre and reduces in vivo infectivity. | the open reading frame ha107 of helicoverpa armigera single nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (hearnpv) encodes a putative protein of 51 kda with homologues in a few group ii npvs and a granulovirus. ha107 was transcribed as polyadenylated transcripts in infected hzam1 insect cells. the transcripts were initiated at two distinct locations, one upstream of ha106 (superoxide dismutase gene, sod) and the second upstream of ha107. by western blot analysis, two forms of the ha107 protein were detecte ... | 2007 | 18024900 |
| baculovirus envelope fusion proteins f and gp64 exploit distinct receptors to gain entry into cultured insect cells. | group ii nucleopolyhedroviruses (npvs), e.g. helicoverpa armigera (hear) npv and spodoptera exigua (se) mnpv (multiple npv), lack a gp64-like protein that is present in group i npvs, e.g. autographa californica (ac)mnpv, but have an unrelated envelope fusion protein named f. three acmnpv viruses were constructed by introducing acmnpv gp64, hearnpv f or semnpv f genes, respectively, into a gp64-negative acmnpv bacmid. sf21 cells were incubated with different amounts of inactivated budded virus to ... | 2007 | 18024899 |
| molecular characterization of diapause hormone and pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide from the black-back prominent moth, clostera anastomosis (l.) (lepidoptera, notodontidae). | using a strategy of rapid amplification of cdna ends, the cdna of diapause hormone (dh) and pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (pban) was cloned from the head of clostera anastomosis (l.). the cloan-dh-pban cdna contains an open reading frame encoding a 196-amino acid preprohormone, from which five putative fxprl peptides, dh, pban, alpha-sgnp(sgnp, suboesophageal ganglion neuropeptide), beta-sgnp and gamma-sgnp, are released. comparing the deduced amino acid sequences from cdnas of ... | 2007 | 17967345 |
| functional analysis of polyphenol oxidases by antisense/sense technology. | polyphenol oxidases (ppos) catalyze the oxidation of phenolics to quinones, the secondary reactions of which lead to oxidative browning and postharvest losses of many fruits and vegetables. ppos are ubiquitous in angiosperms, are inducible by both biotic and abiotic stresses, and have been implicated in several physiological processes including plant defense against pathogens and insects, the mehler reaction, photoreduction of molecular oxygen by psi, regulation of plastidic oxygen levels, auron ... | 2007 | 17960074 |
| evaluation of fungal culture filtrate containing chitinase as a biocontrol agent against helicoverpa armigera. | to evaluate the biocontrol efficacy of culture filtrate containing chitinase from trichoderma harzianum against heliothis. | 2007 | 17953595 |
| changes of inheritance mode and fitness in helicoverpa armigera (hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) along with its resistance evolution to cry1ac toxin. | the changes of inheritance mode and fitness of resistance in helicoverpa armigera (hübner) along with its resistance evolution to cry1ac toxin were evaluated in the laboratory. the resistance levels reached 170.0-, 209.6- and 2893.3-fold, on selection of the field population in the 16th (btr-f(16)), 34th (btr-f(34)) and 87th (btr-f(87)) generation with artificial diet containing cry1ac toxin, respectively. as the resistance levels increased, more larvae feeding on the bt cotton expressing cry1ac ... | 2008 | 17950749 |
| transgenic cotton expressing synthesized scorpion insect toxin aahit gene confers enhanced resistance to cotton bollworm (heliothis armigera) larvae. | a synthetic scorpion hector insect toxin (aahit) gene, under the control of a camv35s promoter, was cloned into cotton via agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. southern blot analyses indicated that integration of the transgene varied from one to more than three estimated copies per genome; seven homozygous transgenic lines with one copy of the t-dna insert were then selected by pcr and southern blot analysis. aahit expression was from 0.02 to 0.43% of total soluble protein determin ... | 2008 | 17939056 |
| characterization and expression of a cecropin-like gene from helicoverpa armigera. | a cdna encoding a cecropin-like antibacterial peptide was obtained by rt-pcr from cotton budworm (helicoverpa armigera). the cloned cdna consists of 773 nucleotides with a 192 bp open reading frame encoding a peptide of 63 aa, which is comprised of a 21 aa signal peptide and a 42 amino acids mature peptide. the amino acid sequence of the mature peptide is highly similar to those d-type cecropins. the peptide was named as hacd. rt-pcr revealed that the transcript of hacd gene was inducible and co ... | 2007 | 17900955 |
| diverse forms of pin-ii family proteinase inhibitors from capsicum annuum adversely affect the growth and development of helicoverpa armigera. | novel forms of pin-ii type proteinase inhibitor (pis) cdnas (canpis) having three or four inhibitory repeat domains (ird) were isolated from the developing green fruits of capsicum annuum. deduced amino acid (aa) sequences of the canpis showed up to 15% sequence divergence among each other or reported inhibitors (canpi-1af039398, canpi-2af221097). amino acid sequence analysis of these canpis revealed that three ird pis have trypsin inhibitory sites, while four ird canpis have both trypsin and ch ... | 2007 | 17870253 |
| identification of vip3a-type genes from bacillus thuringiensis strains and characterization of a novel vip3a-type gene. | to search for novel vip3a proteins for controlling insect pests. | 2007 | 17868317 |
| molecular characters and expression analysis of the gene encoding eclosion hormone from the asian corn borer, ostrinia furnacalis. | using rapid amplification of cdna ends (race), the cdna encoding eclosion hormone (eh) was cloned from the brain of ostrinia furnacalis. the full osf-eh cdna is 986 bp and contains a 267 bp open reading frame encoding an 88 amino acid preprohormone, which including a hydrophobic 26 amino acid signal peptide and a 62 amino acid mature peptide. the mature osf-eh shows high identity with manduca sexta (95.2%), helicoverpa armigera (91.9%) and bombyx mori (85.5%), but low identify with tribolium cas ... | 2008 | 17852339 |
| mutated cadherin alleles from a field population of helicoverpa armigera confer resistance to bacillus thuringiensis toxin cry1ac. | the cotton bollworm helicoverpa armigera is the major insect pest targeted by cotton genetically engineered to produce the bacillus thuringiensis toxin (transgenic bt cotton) in the old world. the evolution of this pest's resistance to b. thuringiensis toxins is the main threat to the long-term effectiveness of transgenic bt cotton. a deletion mutation allele (r(1)) of a cadherin gene (ha_btr) was previously identified as genetically linked with cry1ac resistance in a laboratory-selected strain ... | 2007 | 17827322 |
| [expression and insecticidal activity of a novel gene cry2ab4 from bacillus thuringiensis strain b-pr-88]. | the full length cry2ab gene was cloned by pcr-rflp method from bt strain b-pr-88, which was isolated in china with high toxicity to the lepidopteran insect pests. nucleic acid sequence analysis showed that this gene was 1902 base pairs encoding 633 amino acids. this cry gene was named cry2ab4 as a novel gene by bacillus thuringiensis delta endotoxin nomenclature committee. the full open reading frame sequence of the cry2ab4 gene was amplified with a pair of pcr primers l2ab5/l2ab3 designed accor ... | 2007 | 17822035 |
| efficacy of various pyrethroid structures against a highly metabolically resistant isogenic strain of helicoverpa armigera (lepidoptera: noctuidae) from china. | resistance to pyrethroids and other types of insecticides in helicoverpa armigera (hübner) has been documented in many countries. the isolation of specific resistance mechanisms in isogenic strains is an optimal approach to investigate cross-resistance pattern, and to validate resistance breaking pyrethroids. in this study an isogenic metabolic resistance cmr strain was successfully isolated from a field pyrethroid-resistant population of h. armigera. with this strain, cross-resistance among 19 ... | 2007 | 17685437 |
| disruption of ha_btr alters binding of bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin cry1ac to midgut bbmvs of helicoverpa armigera. | disruption of the ha_btr (a cadherin gene) is genetically linked to resistance to cry1ac delta-endotoxin of bacillus thuringiensis in the gybt strain of helicoverpa armigera. brush border membrane vesicles (bbmvs) prepared from midguts of both the cry1ac-resistant gybt strain (homozygous for a deletion knockout of ha_btr) and the susceptible gy strain (homozygous for the wild type of ha_btr) possessed saturable and specific binding ability to (125)i-cry1ac. the binding constant (k(d)) of the gy ... | 2008 | 17681529 |
| larvicidal activities against agricultural pests of transgenic escherichia coli expressing combinations of four genes from bacillus thuringiensis. | the genes cry1ac and cry1ca from bacillus thuringiensis subsps. kurstaki hd-73 and aizawai 4j4, respectively, encoding delta-endotoxins against lepidopteran larvae were isolated, cloned and expressed in escherichia coli, with and without cyt1aa (encoding cytolytic protein) and p20 (accessory protein) from subsp. israelensis. nine combinations of the genes under control of an early t7, p a1 inducible promoter, produced the encoding proteins. toxicities were examined against larvae of three major ... | 2007 | 17665174 |
| molecular characterization and developmental expression of the gene encoding the prothoracicotropic hormone in the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. | prothoracicotropic hormone (ptth), a neuropeptide hormone stimulating the prothoracic glands to synthesize ecdysone, plays an important role in regulating postembryonic development in insects. the cdna encoding ptth was isolated and sequenced from the beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (spe). the deduced amino acid sequence is composed of a signal peptide, a peptide (65 amino acids) of unknown function, and a mature ptth molecule (111 amino acids). the spe-ptth shows similarities (45.5%-70.3%) to ... | 2007 | 17653666 |