Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| respiratory syncytial virus infection: an innate perspective. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of upper respiratory tract infection in children and adults. however, infection with this virus sometimes leads to severe lower respiratory disease and is the major cause of infant hospitalisations in the developed world. several risk factors such as baby prematurity and congenital heart disease are known to predispose towards severe disease but previously healthy, full-term infants can also develop bronchiolitis and viral pneumonia during rsv ... | 2016 | 28105323 |
| [prediction of severe course in infants with rsv bronchiolitis under 6 months. spain]. | the need for mechanical ventilation (mv) in acute bronchiolitis (ab) by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) varies depending on the series (6-18%). our goal is to determine the admissions to picu for mv in patients under 6 months with ab and define the risk factors for building a prediction model. | 2017 | 28104904 |
| activation pathway of a nucleoside analog inhibiting respiratory syncytial virus polymerase. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a negative-sense rna virus and a significant cause of respiratory infection in infants and the elderly. no effective vaccines or antiviral therapies are available for the treatment of rsv. als-8176 is a first-in-class nucleoside prodrug inhibitor of rsv replication currently under clinical evaluation. als-8112, the parent molecule of als-8176, undergoes intracellular phosphorylation, yielding the active 5'-triphosphate metabolite. the host kinases respo ... | 2017 | 28103684 |
| rage deficiency predisposes mice to virus-induced paucigranulocytic asthma. | asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease. although many patients with asthma develop type-2 dominated eosinophilic inflammation, a number of individuals develop paucigranulocytic asthma, which occurs in the absence of eosinophilia or neutrophilia. the aetiology of paucigranulocytic asthma is unknown. however, both respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and mutations in the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (rage) are risk factors for asthma development. here, we show that rage def ... | 2017 | 28099113 |
| disease complexity in a declining alaskan muskox (ovibos moschatus) population. | the muskox ( ovibos moschatus ) population inhabiting the eastern north slope (ens) of alaska, us declined dramatically during 1999-2006, whereas populations in western alaska (wa) were stable or increasing. to understand morbidity and mortality factors contributing to the decline, alaska department of fish and game conducted pathologic investigations of carcasses from 2005 until 2008. additionally, archived sera from both ens and wa muskoxen collected during 1984-92, before the documented begin ... | 2017 | 28099077 |
| spread and evolution of respiratory syncytial virus a genotype on1, coastal kenya, 2010-2015. | in february 2012, the novel respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) group a, genotype on1, was detected in kilifi county, coastal kenya. on1 is characterized by a 72-nt duplication within the highly variable g gene (encoding the immunogenic attachment surface protein). cases were diagnosed through surveillance of pneumonia in children at the county hospital. analysis of epidemiologic, clinical, and sequence data of rsv-a viruses detected over 5 rsv seasons (2010/2011 to 2014/2015) indicated the follow ... | 2017 | 28098528 |
| human quarantine: toward reducing infectious pressure on chimpanzees at the taï chimpanzee project, côte d'ivoire. | due to their genetic relatedness, great apes are highly susceptible to common human respiratory pathogens. although most respiratory pathogens, such as human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv), rarely cause severe disease in healthy human adults, they are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality in wild great apes habituated to humans for research or tourism. to prevent pathogen transmission, most great ape projects have established a set of hygiene m ... | 2017 | 28095600 |
| comparing human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus: viral co-detections, genotypes and risk factors for severe disease. | it is unclarified as to whether viral co-detection and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) genotypes relate to clinical manifestations in children with hmpv and lower respiratory tract infection (lrti), and if the clinical course and risk factors for severe lrti differ between hmpv and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | 2017 | 28095451 |
| reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification for rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus directly from nasopharyngeal swabs. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of lower respiratory tract infection in young infants and a major cause of nosocomial infection in pediatric care. currently available rsv point-of-care tests are of limited sensitivity and relatively expensive. we developed and evaluated a novel rsv rapid test for use at point-of-care, based on reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) for direct testing of nasopharyngeal swab specimens. rt-lamp can detect rsv with ... | 2017 | 28093275 |
| rsv associated hospitalizations in children in karachi, pakistan: implications for vaccine prevention strategies. | major progress is being made in vaccines against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), with multiple vaccine candidates currently in the clinical phase of development. making an investment case for public sector financing of rsv vaccine will require estimation of burden, cost-effectiveness, and impact. the aim of this study is to determine the proportion, age distribution and clinical spectrum of rsv associated hospitalizations in children in karachi, pakistan. a three years prospective study was c ... | 2017 | 28092107 |
| the relationships between respiratory virus infection and aminotransferase in children. | we sought to examine the relationship between the clinical manifestations of nonspecific reactive hepatitis and respiratory virus infection in pediatric patients. | 2016 | 28090469 |
| patterns of immune development in urban preschoolers with recurrent wheeze and/or atopy. | disadvantaged urban children have high rates of allergic diseases and wheezing, which are diseases associated with type 2-biased immunity. | 2017 | 28089873 |
| hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus and vaccine-preventable infections in the first 2 years after pediatric liver transplant. | to examine in liver transplant recipients at centers participating in the pediatric health information system dataset the number of hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and vaccine-preventable infections (vpis) in the first 2 years after transplantation, morbidity and mortality associated with these hospitalizations, and costs associated with these hospitalizations. | 2017 | 28088400 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 2017 | 28084715 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in children. | bronchiolitis is a common lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children, and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of this infection. rsv is transmitted through contact with respiratory droplets either directly from an infected person or self-inoculation by contaminated secretions on surfaces. patients with rsv bronchiolitis usually present with two to four days of upper respiratory tract symptoms such as fever, rhinorrhea, and congestion, followed by lower ... | 2017 | 28084708 |
| modulation of antiviral immunity by heme oxygenase-1. | heme oxygenase-1 (ho-1) is a stress-inducible, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective enzyme expressed in most cell types in the organism. under several stress stimuli, ho-1 expression and activity is up-regulated to catalyze the rate-limiting enzymatic step of heme degradation into carbon monoxide, free iron, and biliverdin. besides its effects on cell metabolism, ho-1 is also capable of modulating host innate and adaptive immune responses in response to sepsis, transplantation, and autoimmunity ... | 2017 | 28082120 |
| [differential diagnosis of the viral etiology of suspected mumps in a population with high vaccine coverage]. | in this study, buccal swabs from patients with the clinical picture of parotitis epidemica in whom mumps virus (mv) infection was not confirmed by direct detection or serologically were tested. the aim was to detect by molecular methods nucleic acids (nas) of other respiratory viruses possibly involved in salivary gland swelling. at the same time, paired sera, if available, were tested. | 2016 | 28078898 |
| respiratory syncytial virus associated hospitalizations in preterm infants of 29 to 32 weeks gestational age using a risk score tool for palivizumab prophylaxis. | to evaluate the efficacy of palivizumab in infants of 29 to 32 weeks of gestational age (ga) based on a risk score tool developed for austria. retrospective single-center cohort study including all preterm infants of 29 (+0) to 32 (+6) weeks of ga born between 2004 and 2012 at a tertiary care university hospital. data on rsv-related hospitalizations over the first 2 years of life were analyzed and compared between those having received palivizumab and those without. the study population was comp ... | 2017 | 28078558 |
| evaluation of alere i rsv for rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus in children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infection. | alere i rsv is a novel rapid test which applies a nicking enzyme amplification reaction to detect respiratory syncytial virus in point-of-care settings. in this study, we evaluated the alere i rsv assay by using frozen nasopharyngeal swab samples that were collected in viral transport medium from children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infection during the 2015-2016 winter season. alere i rsv assay results were compared to those for altona realstar rsv real-time reverse transcription- ... | 2017 | 28077700 |
| brd4 couples nf-κb/rela with airway inflammation and the irf-rig-i amplification loop in respiratory syncytial virus infection. | the airway mucosa expresses protective interferon (ifn) and inflammatory cytokines in response to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. in this study, we examine the role of bromodomain containing 4 (brd4) in mediating this innate immune response in human small airway epithelial cells. we observe that rsv induces brd4 to complex with nf-κb/rela. brd4 is functionally required for expression of the nf-κb-dependent inflammatory gene regulatory network (grn), including the ifn response factor ... | 2017 | 28077651 |
| notch ligand delta-like 4 promotes regulatory t cell identity in pulmonary viral infection. | regulatory t (treg) cells establish tolerance, prevent inflammation at mucosal surfaces, and regulate immunopathology during infectious responses. recent studies have shown that delta-like ligand 4 (dll4) was upregulated on apc after respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, and its inhibition leads to exaggerated immunopathology. in the present study, we outline the role of dll4 in treg cell differentiation, stability, and function in rsv infection. we found that dll4 was expressed on cd11b( ... | 2017 | 28077598 |
| effective use of oral ribavirin for respiratory syncytial viral infections in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a frequent cause of respiratory viral infections, increasing the morbidity and mortality in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct) recipients. little is known about the best management strategy in this immunocompromised group and there are very few data on oral ribavirin treatment. | 2017 | 28077243 |
| single- and multiple viral respiratory infections in children: disease and management cannot be related to a specific pathogen. | the number of viral pathogens associated with pediatric acute respiratory tract infection (ari) has grown since the introduction of reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assays. multiple viruses are detected during a single ari episode in approximately a quarter of all cases. the clinical relevance of these multiple detections is unclear, as is the role of the individual virus. we therefore investigated the correlation between clinical data and rt-pcr results in chil ... | 2017 | 28077074 |
| monoclonal antibody against g glycoprotein increases respiratory syncytial virus clearance in vivo and prevents vaccine-enhanced diseases. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of lower respiratory tract illness in infants, young children, and the elderly. the g glycoprotein plays a role in host cell attachment and also modulates the host immune response, thereby inducing disease pathogenesis. we generated two monoclonal antibodies (mabs; 5h6 and 3a5) against g protein core fragment (gcf), which consisted of amino acid residues 131 to 230 from rsv a2 g protein. epitope mapping study revealed that 5h6 specifically bind ... | 2017 | 28076422 |
| pathogens, patterns of pneumonia, and epidemiologic risk factors associated with respiratory disease in recently weaned cattle in ireland. | we examined the pathogens, morphologic patterns, and risk factors associated with bovine respiratory disease (brd) in 136 recently weaned cattle ("weanlings"), 6-12 mo of age, that were submitted for postmortem examination to regional veterinary laboratories in ireland. a standardized sampling protocol included routine microbiologic investigations as well as polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. lungs with histologic lesions were categorized into 1 of 5 morphologic patterns of pneu ... | 2017 | 28074713 |
| defining the risk and associated morbidity and mortality of severe respiratory syncytial virus infection among infants with congenital heart disease. | the regal (rsv evidence-a geographical archive of the literature) series provide a comprehensive review of the published evidence in the field of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in western countries over the last 20 years. this fourth publication covers the risk and burden of rsv infection in infants with congenital heart disease (chd). | 2017 | 28070870 |
| glutathione peroxidase-1 suppresses the unfolded protein response upon cigarette smoke exposure. | oxidative stress provokes endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress-induced unfolded protein response (upr) in the lungs of chronic obstructive pulmonary (copd) subjects. the antioxidant, glutathione peroxidase-1 (gpx-1), counters oxidative stress induced by cigarette smoke exposure. here, we investigate whether gpx-1 expression deters the upr following exposure to cigarette smoke. expression of er stress markers was investigated in fully differentiated normal human bronchial epithelial (nhbe) cells iso ... | 2016 | 28070146 |
| development of a one-run real-time pcr detection system for pathogens associated with bovine respiratory disease complex. | bovine respiratory disease complex (brdc) is frequently found in cattle worldwide. the etiology of brdc is complicated by infections with multiple pathogens, making identification of the causal pathogen difficult. here, we developed a detection system by applying taqman real-time pcr (dembo respiratory-pcr) to screen a broad range of microbes associated with brdc in a single run. we selected 16 bovine respiratory pathogens (bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine coronavirus, bovine parainfluenza vi ... | 2017 | 28070089 |
| conditioned medium from persistently rsv-infected macrophages alters transcriptional profile and inflammatory response of non-infected macrophages. | cells susceptible to persistent viral infections undergo important changes in their biological functions as a consequence of the expression of viral gene products that are capable of altering the gene expression profile of the host cell. previously, we reported that persistence of the rsv genome in a mouse macrophage cell line induces important alterations in cell homeostasis, including constitutive expression of ifn-β and other pro-inflammatory cytokines. here, we postulated that changes in the ... | 2017 | 28069520 |
| antiviral therapy for respiratory viral infections in immunocompromised patients. | respiratory viruses (influenza, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus, coronavirus, human metapneumovirus, and rhinovirus) represent the most common causes of respiratory viral infections in immunocompromised patients. also, these infections may be more severe in immunocompromised patients than in the general population. early diagnosis and treatment of viral infections continue to be of paramount importance in immunocompromised patients; because once viral replication and invasive infectio ... | 2017 | 28067078 |
| quantification and determinants of the amount of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) shed using real time pcr data from a longitudinal household study. | background a better understanding of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) epidemiology requires realistic estimates of rsv shedding patterns, quantities shed, and identification of the related underlying factors. methods rsv infection data arise from a cohort study of 47 households with 493 occupants, in coastal kenya, during the 2009/2010 rsv season. nasopharyngeal swabs were taken every 3 to 4 days and screened for rsv using a real time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay. the amount of virus s ... | 2016 | 28066826 |
| a single, low dose of a cgmp recombinant bcg vaccine elicits protective t cell immunity against the human respiratory syncytial virus infection and prevents lung pathology in mice. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a major health burden worldwide, causing the majority of hospitalizations in children under two years old due to bronchiolitis and pneumonia. hrsv causes year-to-year outbreaks of disease, which also affects the elderly and immunocompromised adults. furthermore, both hrsv morbidity and epidemics are explained by a consistently high rate of re-infections that take place throughout the patient life. although significant efforts have been invested worldwi ... | 2017 | 28065474 |
| paramyxovirus outbreak in a long-term care facility: the challenges of implementing infection control practices in a congregate setting. | objective we report an outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infections in a dementia care ward containing 2 separately locked units (a and b) to heighten awareness of these pathogens in the older adult population and highlight some of the infection prevention challenges faced during a noninfluenza respiratory viral outbreak in a congregate setting. methods cases were defined by the presence of new signs or symptoms that included (1) a single oral tempera ... | 2017 | 28065183 |
| epidemiological and clinical features of enteroviral acute lower respiratory tract infections in hospitalized paediatric patients in a malaysian tertiary center. | human enteroviruses (hevs) have been recognized to cause a significant number of respiratory tract infections in many regions. previous studies conducted to analyse enteroviral respiratory tract infections focused on outbreaks. data in the southeast asian region is still rather limited to date. | 2016 | 28064293 |
| c-jun n-terminal kinase activity is required for efficient respiratory syncytial virus production. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of respiratory infections in infants and the elderly, leading to more deaths than influenza each year worldwide. with no rsv antiviral or efficacious vaccine currently available, improved understanding of the host-rsv interaction is urgently required. here we examine the contribution to rsv infection of the host stress-regulated c-jun n-terminal kinase (jnk), for the first time. peak jnk1/2 phosphoactivation is observed at ∼24 h post-infection, ... | 2017 | 28062184 |
| [rapid diagnostic test for respiratory infections]. | acute respiratory infections are the second cause of morbidity and mortality in children and adults worldwide, being viruses, bacteria and fungi involved in their etiology. the rapid diagnosis allows for a better clinical management of the patient, for adopting public health measures and for controlling possible outbreaks. the main etiologic agents can be diagnosed within the first hours after the onset of symptoms with antigen detection techniques, primarily immunochromatography. results are ob ... | 2017 | 28062161 |
| a neonatal murine model of mrsa pneumonia. | pneumonia due to methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in infants particularly following lower respiratory tract viral infections such as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). however, the mechanisms by which co-infection of infants by mrsa and rsv cause increased lung pathology are unknown. because the infant immune system is qualitatively and quantitatively different from adults we developed a model of infant mrsa pneumonia which will ... | 2017 | 28060871 |
| excess respiratory viral infections and low antibody responses among hiv-exposed, uninfected infants. | hiv-exposed uninfected (heus) infants have frequent severe infection, hospitalization, and death. we performed a serologic investigation to determine the role of common childhood respiratory pathogens in the excess incidence of infections in heus. | 2017 | 28060016 |
| estimating the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) on respiratory hospital admissions in children less than five years of age in england, 2007-2012. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of hospital admission in young children. with several rsv vaccines candidates undergoing clinical trials, recent estimates of rsv burden are required to provide a baseline for vaccine impact studies. | 2017 | 28058797 |
| thymus activity measured by t-cell receptor excision circles in patients with different severities of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is an important cause of hospitalization in previously healthy infants. immunological mechanisms predisposing infants to severe disease are poorly understood. early biomarkers for disease severity may assist clinical decisions. we investigated t-cell receptor excision circles (trec), episomal dna made during thymic t-cell receptor rearrangement, and a marker for thymus activity, both during disease and in neonatal screening cards as a risk factor for r ... | 2017 | 28056841 |
| compassionate use experience with high-titer respiratory syncytical virus (rsv) immunoglobulin in rsv-infected immunocompromised persons. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) may cause fatal lower respiratory tract infection (lrti) in immunocompromised patients. ribavirin with or without standard intravenous immunoglobulin (ivig) is frequently given although efficacy is debated. infusion of ivig with high levels of neutralizing antibody against rsv may offer benefit in these patients. | 2017 | 28054734 |
| genetic stability of genome-scale deoptimized rna virus vaccine candidates under selective pressure. | recoding viral genomes by numerous synonymous but suboptimal substitutions provides live attenuated vaccine candidates. these vaccine candidates should have a low risk of deattenuation because of the many changes involved. however, their genetic stability under selective pressure is largely unknown. we evaluated phenotypic reversion of deoptimized human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine candidates in the context of strong selective pressure. codon pair deoptimized (cpd) versions of rsv w ... | 2017 | 28049853 |
| glucocorticoid insensitivity in virally infected airway epithelial cells is dependent on transforming growth factor-β activity. | asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) exacerbations are commonly associated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), rhinovirus (rv) and influenza a virus (iav) infection. the ensuing airway inflammation is resistant to the anti-inflammatory actions of glucocorticoids (gcs). viral infection elicits transforming growth factor-β (tgf-β) activity, a growth factor we have previously shown to impair gc action in human airway epithelial cells through the activation of activin-like kin ... | 2017 | 28046097 |
| macromolecular prodrugs of ribavirin: structure-function correlation as inhibitors of influenza infectivity. | the requirement for new antiviral therapeutics is an ever present need. particularly lacking are broad spectrum antivirals that have low toxicity. we develop such agents based on macromolecular prodrugs whereby both the polymer chain and the drug released from the polymer upon cell entry have antiviral effects. specifically, macromolecular prodrugs were designed herein based on poly(methacrylic acid) and ribavirin. structure-function parameter space was analyzed via the synthesis of 10 polymer c ... | 2017 | 28043136 |
| expression and antigenicity of recombinant human respiratory syncytial virus glycoproteins having different affinity tags. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a main cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and the elderly. glycoprotein (g) is major antigen on the viral surface, and plays a key role for virus entry. therefore, purification of the glycoprotein of hrsv is critical for the development of hrsv vaccine and serological diagnosis. in this study, we report the design and characterization of glycoprotein engineered rationally to enhance the protein solubility and to facilitate efficient ... | 2017 | 28042093 |
| burden of healthcare-associated viral respiratory infections in children's hospitals. | although healthcare-associated (ha) viral respiratory infections (vris) are common in pediatrics, no benchmark for comparison exists. we aimed to determine, compare, and assess determinants of unit-specific ha-vri incidence rates in 2 children's hospitals. | 2016 | 28040689 |
| environmental factor and inflammation-driven alteration of the total peripheral t-cell compartment in granulomatosis with polyangiitis. | autoimmune diseases are initiated by a combination of predisposing genetic and environmental factors resulting in self-perpetuating chronic inflammation and tissue damage. autoantibody production and an imbalance of effector and regulatory t-cells are hallmarks of autoimmune dysregulation. while expansion of circulating effector memory t-cells is linked to disease pathogenesis and progression, the causes driving alterations of the peripheral t-cell compartment have remained poorly understood so ... | 2017 | 28040323 |
| new insights into structural disorder in human respiratory syncytial virus phosphoprotein and implications for binding of protein partners. | phosphoprotein is the main cofactor of the viral rna polymerase of mononegavirales it is involved in multiple interactions that are essential for the polymerase function. most prominently it positions the polymerase complex onto the nucleocapsid, but also acts as a chaperone for the nucleoprotein. mononegavirales phosphoproteins lack sequence conservation, but contain all large disordered regions. we show here that n- and c-terminal intrinsically disordered regions account for 80% of the phospho ... | 2017 | 28031463 |
| respiratory syncytial virus. | 2017 | 28030703 | |
| pulmonary hemorrhage as a complication of respiratory syncyntial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of bronchiolitis. although there are a number of recognized complications, pulmonary hemorrhage has not been reported previously. a retrospective case notes review was performed through an electronic search of a pediatric intensive care unit's medical records. seven patients with rsv infection and pulmonary hemorrhage were identified and included in this case series. six of the seven patients were born prematurely (30-36 weeks gestation). all p ... | 2017 | 28029754 |
| how efficacious are vaccines against bovine respiratory syncytial virus in cattle? | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is a paramyxovirus that is the major cause of pneumonia in calves. vaccines for this important pathogen have been available since the late 1970's. this review is a critical assessment of the literature including, experimental challenge studies and field trials, that address the efficacy of commonly used vaccines to control respiratory disease caused by brsv. | 2016 | 28024854 |
| hospital admissions for lower respiratory tract infections among infants in the canadian arctic: a cohort study. | it is unknown whether this burden of disease of lower respiratory tract infections is comparable across the canadian arctic. the objectives of this surveillance study were to compare the rates of hospital admission for lower respiratory tract infection and the severity of infection across arctic canada, and to describe the responsible viruses. | 2016 | 28018874 |
| autophagy, tgf-β, and smad-2/3 signaling regulates interferon-β response in respiratory syncytial virus infected macrophages. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a lung tropic virus causing severe airway diseases including bronchiolitis and pneumonia among infants, children, and immuno-compromised individuals. rsv triggers transforming growth factor-β (tgf-β) production from lung epithelial cells and tgf-β facilitates rsv infection of these cells. however, it is still unknown whether rsv infected myeloid cells like macrophages produce tgf-β and the role of tgf-β if any during rsv infection of these cells. our st ... | 2016 | 28018859 |
| viral agents causing acute respiratory infections in children under five: a study from eastern india. | background. acute respiratory infections (aris) are important cause of mortality and morbidity in children under five in developing country. methods. this observational study was conducted over two-year period in a tertiary care teaching hospital of eastern india. nasal and throat swabs were collected, transported to the laboratory at 2-8°c in viral transport media, and then processed for detection of viruses using mono/multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction. results. a total of 300 child ... | 2016 | 28018433 |
| prevalence of co-infection between respiratory syncytial virus and influenza in children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza have varying degree of seasonal overlap. | 2017 | 28012809 |
| nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage during childhood community-acquired alveolar pneumonia: relationship between specific serotypes and coinfecting viruses. | respiratory viruses and streptococcus pneumoniae are known to be copathogens in childhood pneumonia. however, it is unclear whether all pneumococcal serotypes are equally prone to such interaction. we attempted to determine association between carried pneumococcal serotypes and respiratory viruses during childhood community-acquired alveolar pneumonia (caap). | 2017 | 28011920 |
| development of a global respiratory severity score for respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in infants has recognizable clinical signs and symptoms. however, quantification of disease severity is difficult, and published scores remain problematic. thus, as part of a rsv pathogenesis study, we developed a global respiratory severity score (grss) as a research tool for evaluating infants with primary rsv infection. | 2017 | 28011907 |
| pneumovirus-induced lung disease in mice is independent of neutrophil-driven inflammation. | the human pneumovirus respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common pathogen causing lower respiratory tract disease in young children worldwide. a hallmark of severe human rsv infection is the strong neutrophil recruitment to the airways and lungs. massive neutrophil activation has been proven detrimental in numerous diseases, yet in rsv the contribution of neutrophils to disease severity, and thereby, the relevance of targeting them, is largely unknown. to determine the relevance of pot ... | 2016 | 28005954 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection-associated hospitalization rates in infants and children with cystic fibrosis. | infections with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) are the leading cause for hospital admissions in infants and young children. the incidence of rsv-related hospitalizations in patients with cystic fibrosis (cf) is unclear. to date, no effective treatment for rsv infections is available. thus, prophylaxis with the monoclonal antibody palivizumab is an important option. | 2017 | 28005688 |
| development of a multiplex rt-pcr for simultaneous diagnosis of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) from clinical specimens. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) and human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) are ubiquitous respiratory viral pathogens. they belong to the family paramyxoviridae (subfamily pneumovirinae) and is responsible for acute respiratory tract infections in children, elderly and immunocompromised patients. we designed and tested a multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (mrt-pcr) as a cost-effective alternative to real-time pcr and cell culture based detection for hmpv and hrsv. the newly ... | 2016 | 28004017 |
| seasonality of influenza and respiratory syncytial viruses and the effect of climate factors in subtropical-tropical asia using influenza-like illness surveillance data, 2010 -2012. | the seasonality of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is well known, and many analyses have been conducted in temperate countries; however, this is still not well understood in tropical countries. previous studies suggest that climate factors are involved in the seasonality of these viruses. however, the extent of the effect of each climate variable is yet to be defined. | 2016 | 28002419 |
| a live rsv vaccine with engineered thermostability is immunogenic in cotton rats despite high attenuation. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of infant hospitalization and there remains no pediatric vaccine. rsv live-attenuated vaccines (lavs) have a history of safe testing in infants; however, achieving an effective balance of attenuation and immunogenicity has proven challenging. here we seek to engineer an rsv lav with enhanced immunogenicity. genetic mapping identifies strain line 19 fusion (f) protein residues that correlate with pre-fusion antigen maintenance by elisa and ther ... | 2016 | 28000669 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-induced paediatric ards: why we should unpack the syndrome. | 2017 | 28000595 | |
| vaccination against respiratory syncytial virus in pregnancy. | 2016 | 27998593 | |
| development of bioluminescence imaging of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in virus-infected live mice and its use for evaluation of therapeutics and vaccines. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the leading causes of pneumonia among infants with no human vaccine or efficient curative treatments. efforts are underway to develop new rsv vaccines and therapeutics. there is a dire need for animal models for preclinical evaluation and selection of products against rsv. herein, we developed a whole body bioluminescence imaging to follow replication of rsv a2 virus strain expressing firefly luciferase (rsva2-line19-ffl) in live balb/c mice that can b ... | 2017 | 27989627 |
| [after the epidemic - before the epidemic. incidence of bronchiolitis at the pediatric ward of the bács-kiskun county hospital]. | bronchiolitis may cause severe respiratory insufficiency in infants and toddlers. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is its most frequent infective agent. | 2016 | 27989226 |
| detection and differentiation of influenza viruses with glycan-functionalized gold nanoparticles. | accurate diagnosis of influenza viruses is difficult and generally requires a complex process because of viral diversity and rapid mutability. in this study, we report a simple and rapid strategy for the detection and differentiation of influenza viruses using glycan-functionalized gold nanoparticles (ggnps). this method is based on the aggregation of ggnp probes on the viral surface, which is mediated by the specific binding of the virus to the glycans. using a set of ggnps bearing different gl ... | 2017 | 27987410 |
| virus-like particle vaccine by intranasal vaccination elicits protective immunity against respiratory syncytial viral infection in mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of lower respiratory infection in infants and children, but there is still no licensed vaccine available. in this report, we developed virus-like particle (vlp) vaccines based on the bac-to-bac baculovirus expression system, consisting of an influenza virus matrix (m1) protein and the rsv fusion protein (f) or glycoprotein (g). these rsv vlps were identified by western blot analysis and electron microscopy. female balb/c mice immunized intrana ... | 2017 | 27974288 |
| commentary: blood eosinophilia is associated with unfavorable hospitalization outcomes in children with bronchiolitis. | 2016 | 27965947 | |
| correction: effects of chronologic age and young child exposure on respiratory syncytial virus disease among us preterm infants born at 32 to 35 weeks gestation. | [this corrects the article doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166226.]. | 2016 | 27959962 |
| safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of medi8897, the respiratory syncytial virus prefusion f-targeting monoclonal antibody with an extended half-life, in healthy adults. | prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) illness in infants is a major public health priority, but there is no approved vaccine. palivizumab is a monoclonal antibody that provides rsv prophylaxis but requires 5 monthly injections and is approved only for infants who experience the greatest morbidity and mortality from rsv. thus, there remains a significant unmet medical need for prevention of rsv disease in healthy infants. medi8897 is a recombinant human rsv monoclonal antibody with a mo ... | 2017 | 27956428 |
| viral pathogens among elderly people with acute respiratory infections in shanghai, china: preliminary results from a laboratory-based surveillance, 2012-2015. | acute respiratory infections (aris), with viral pathogens as the major contributors, are the most common illnesses worldwide, and increase the morbidity and mortality among the elderly population. the clinical and pathological features of elderly people with aris need to be identified for disease intervention. from january 1(st) , 2012 through december 31(st) , 2015, respiratory specimens from patients above 60 years old with aris were collected from the outpatient and inpatient settings of six ... | 2016 | 27943329 |
| factors related to compliance with palivizumab prophylaxis for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection - data from poland. | to evaluate compliance and health outcomes in children receiving palivizumab prophylaxis and to identify factors that could impact parental compliance with the recommended regimen of palivizumab immunoprophylaxis. | 2017 | 27941187 |
| cytokine elevation in sudden death with respiratory syncytial virus: a case report of 2 children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common viral cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in young children worldwide. premature birth, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, congenital heart disease, and down syndrome are risk factors for high mortality and prolonged morbidity after rsv infection. conversely, many previously healthy, full-term children are also admitted to the hospital because of rsv, and some of them experience severe sequelae or die due to the virus. various complications of rsv i ... | 2016 | 27940684 |
| viral infection in the development and progression of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome. | viral infections are an important cause of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (ards). numerous viruses, including respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza a (h1n1) virus, have been implicated in the progression of pneumonia to ards; yet the incidence of progression is unknown. despite acute and chronic morbidity associated with respiratory viral infections, particularly in "at risk" populations, treatment options are limited. thus, with few exceptions, care is symptomatic. in a ... | 2016 | 27933286 |
| human newborn b cells mount an interferon-α/β receptor-dependent humoral response to respiratory syncytial virus. | 2017 | 27931976 | |
| hygiene factors associated with childhood food allergy and asthma. | childhood food allergy and asthma rates are increasing. the hygiene hypothesis has been proposed as an explanation for the increased incidence of allergic disease. | 2016 | 27931290 |
| secondhand smoke exposure, illness severity, and resource utilization in pediatric emergency department patients with respiratory illnesses. | hospital-based data reveal that children who have secondhand smoke exposure (shse) experience severe respiratory illnesses and greater resource utilization. our objective was to assess the relationship between shse and illness severity/resource utilization among children presenting to the pediatric emergency department (ped) with three common respiratory conditions-asthma, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. | 2016 | 27929695 |
| severity of respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection with viral coinfection in hiv-uninfected children. | molecular diagnostics enable sensitive detection of respiratory viruses, but their clinical significance remains unclear in pediatric lower respiratory tract infection (lrti). we aimed to determine whether viral coinfections increased life-threatening disease in a large cohort. | 2016 | 27927871 |
| experiences of caring for infants with severe bronchiolitis. | background common in children under two years, bronchiolitis is usually caused by respiratory syncytial virus (jhawar 2003). symptoms are usually self-limiting although some children develop respiratory distress requiring hospitalisation (scottish intercollegiate guidelines network 2006). supplemental oxygen, fluid support and ventilator assistance may also be necessary. in cases of moderately severe bronchiolitis, oxygen can be delivered through a head box, but some hospitals deliver high-flow ... | 2016 | 27927115 |
| genetic modification of the lung directed toward treatment of human disease. | genetic modification therapy is a promising therapeutic strategy for many diseases of the lung intractable to other treatments. lung gene therapy has been the subject of numerous preclinical animal experiments and human clinical trials, for targets including genetic diseases such as cystic fibrosis and α1-antitrypsin deficiency, complex disorders such as asthma, allergy, and lung cancer, infections such as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and pseudomonas, as well as pulmonary arterial hypertens ... | 2017 | 27927014 |
| actin-related protein 2 (arp2) and virus-induced filopodia facilitate human respiratory syncytial virus spread. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an enveloped rna virus that is the most important viral cause of acute pediatric lower respiratory tract illness worldwide, and lacks a vaccine or effective antiviral drug. the involvement of host factors in the rsv replicative cycle remains poorly characterized. a genome-wide sirna screen in human lung epithelial a549 cells identified actin-related protein 2 (arp2) as a host factor involved in rsv infection. arp2 knockdown did not reduce rsv entry, and ... | 2016 | 27926942 |
| evaluation of the financial and health burden of infants at risk for respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading viral cause of death in infants younger than 1 year. in july 2014, the american academy of pediatrics (aap) committee on infectious diseases concluded that the "limited clinical benefit" for infants born at more than 29 weeks' gestation, together with the associated high cost of the immunoprophylaxis, no longer supported the routine use of palivizumab (synagis). | 2016 | 27926583 |
| differences in the nasopharyngeal microbiome during acute respiratory tract infection with human rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in infancy. | respiratory viruses alter the nasopharyngeal microbiome and may be associated with a distinct microbial signature. to test this hypothesis, we compared the nasopharyngeal microbiome of 135 previously healthy infants with acute respiratory infection due to human rhinovirus (hrv; n = 52) or respiratory syncytial virus (rsv; n = 83). the nasopharyngeal microbiome was assessed by sequencing the v4 region of the 16s ribosomal rna. respiratory viruses were identified by quantitative reverse-transcript ... | 2016 | 27923952 |
| fulminant ecchymosis as the initial manifestation of antiphospholipid syndrome (aps) triggered by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection: a case report and review of the literature. | we present a unique and informative instance of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection associated with antiphospholipid syndrome (aps), and discuss this case in the context of the literature addressing the immunopathogenesis of aps associated with diverse infections. we describe the case of a 43-year-old man with no significant past medical history who presented with the acute onset of fever, hemoptysis, and extensive bullous, ecchymotic lesions in both lower extremities. punch biopsy of th ... | 2016 | 27920986 |
| pharmacist-driven respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis stewardship service in a neonatal intensive care unit. | the development and implementation of a pharmacist-driven respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prophylaxis stewardship program in a neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) are described. | 2016 | 27919877 |
| synthetic biodegradable microparticle and nanoparticle vaccines against the respiratory syncytial virus. | synthetic biodegradable microparticle and nanoparticle platform technology provides the opportunity to design particles varying in composition, size, shape and surface properties for application in vaccine development. the use of particle vaccine formulations allows improvement of antigen stability and immunogenicity while allowing targeted delivery and slow release. this technology has been design to develop novel vaccines against the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), the leading cause of lowe ... | 2016 | 27918420 |
| predicting the relative impacts of maternal and neonatal respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine target product profiles: a consensus modelling approach. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major viral cause of infant and childhood lower respiratory tract disease worldwide. defining the optimal target product profile (tpp) is complicated due to a wide range of possible vaccine properties, modalities and an incomplete understanding of the mechanism of natural immunity. we report consensus population level impact projections based on two mathematical models applied to a low income setting. | 2017 | 27914740 |
| circadian transcription factor bmal1 regulates innate immunity against select rna viruses. | bmal1 (brain and muscle arnt-like protein 1, also known as mop3 or arnt3) belongs to the family of the basic helix-loop-helix (bhlh)-pas domain-containing transcription factors, and is a key component of the molecular oscillator that generates circadian rhythms. here, we report that bmal1-deficient cells are significantly more susceptible to infection by two major respiratory viruses of the paramyxoviridae family, namely rsv and piv3. embryonic fibroblasts from bmal1(-/-) mice produced nearly 10 ... | 2017 | 27913791 |
| aberrant t cell immunity triggered by human respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus infection. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) are the two major etiological viral agents of lower respiratory tract diseases, affecting mainly infants, young children and the elderly. although the infection of both viruses trigger an antiviral immune response that mediate viral clearance and disease resolution in immunocompetent individuals, the promotion of long-term immunity appears to be deficient and reinfection are common throughout life. a possible explanation f ... | 2016 | 27911218 |
| factors predicting life-threatening infections with respiratory syncytial virus in adult patients. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a significant cause of acute respiratory illness with a clinical spectrum ranging from self-limiting upper respiratory infection to severe lower respiratory infection in elderly persons as well as young children. however, there are limited data on risk factors for life-threatening infections that could guide the appropriate use of antiviral agents in adult patients with rsv. | 2017 | 27911143 |
| molecular detection and characterization of respiratory syncytial virus b genotypes circulating in pakistani children. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the major cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections in young children, but very little is known about its epidemiology and circulating genotypes in pakistan. this study analyzed the epidemiological and molecular characteristics of rsv b genotypes in pakistani children below 5years with acute respiratory tract infections (aris) during three consecutive winter seasons from 2010 to 2013. a total of 1941 samples were analyzed for rsv infection by real tim ... | 2017 | 27908797 |
| animal models of respiratory syncytial virus infection. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a major cause of respiratory disease and hospitalisation of infants, worldwide, and is also responsible for significant morbidity in adults and excess deaths in the elderly. there is no licensed hrsv vaccine or effective therapeutic agent. however, there are a growing number of hrsv vaccine candidates that have been developed targeting different populations at risk of hrsv infection. animal models of hrsv play an important role in the preclinical testi ... | 2017 | 27908639 |
| unique nonstructural proteins of pneumonia virus of mice (pvm) promote degradation of interferon (ifn) pathway components and ifn-stimulated gene proteins. | pneumonia virus of mice (pvm) is the only virus that shares the pneumovirus genus of the paramyxoviridae family with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). a deadly mouse pathogen, pvm has the potential to serve as a robust animal model of rsv infection, since human rsv does not fully replicate the human pathology in mice. like rsv, pvm also encodes two nonstructural proteins that have been implicated to suppress the ifn pathway, but surprisingly, they exhibit no sequence similarity with their rsv e ... | 2016 | 27905537 |
| a review on antiviral activity of the himalayan medicinal plants traditionally used to treat bronchitis and related symptoms. | bronchitis is a common respiratory tract infection of humans mainly caused by influenza virus, rhinovirus, adenovirus, coronavirus and respiratory syncytial virus. the aim of this review was to gather fragmented literature on ethnomedicinal plants used against bronchitis in the himalayan region and their in-vitro validation against bronchitis causing viral pathogens. | 2017 | 27905101 |
| respiratory syncytial virus: infection, detection, and new options for prevention and treatment. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a significant cause of hospitalization of children in north america and one of the leading causes of death of infants less than 1 year of age worldwide, second only to malaria. despite its global impact on human health, there are relatively few therapeutic options available to prevent or treat rsv infection. paradoxically, there is a very large volume of information that is constantly being refined on rsv replication, the mechanisms of rsv-induced p ... | 2017 | 27903593 |
| clinical characteristics and outcome of respiratory syncytial virus infection among adults hospitalized with influenza-like illness in france. | the aim of this study was to analyse characteristics and outcome of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in adults hospitalized with influenza-like illness (ili). | 2017 | 27903461 |
| effects of chronologic age and young child exposure on respiratory syncytial virus disease among us preterm infants born at 32 to 35 weeks gestation. | to estimate the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) disease as a function of chronologic age and exposure to young children in us preterm infants. | 2016 | 27898687 |
| national evidence in israel supporting reevaluation of respiratory syncytial virus prophylactic guidelines. | the american academy of pediatrics (aap) recently narrowed the indications for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prophylaxis, while in israel the guidelines have not changed. | 2017 | 27898422 |
| pulmonary dendritic cell subsets shape the respiratory syncytial virus-specific cd8+ t cell immunodominance hierarchy in neonates. | young infants are generally more susceptible to viral infections and experience more severe disease than do adults. cd8(+) t cells are important for viral clearance, and although often ineffective in neonates they can be protective when adequately stimulated. using a murine cb6f1/j hybrid model of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, we previously demonstrated that the cd8(+) t cell immunodominance hierarchy to two rsv-derived epitopes, k(d)m282-90 and d(b)m187-195, was determined by the ... | 2017 | 27895172 |