Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| reference gene selection for gene expression study in shell gland and spleen of laying hens challenged with infectious bronchitis virus. | ten reference genes were investigated for normalisation of candidate target gene expression data in the shell gland and spleen of laying hens challenged with two strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). data were analysed with genorm, normfinder and bestkeeper, and a comprehensive ranking (geomean) was calculated. in the combined data set of ibv challenged shell gland samples, the comprehensive ranking showed tata-box binding protein (tbp) and tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxyge ... | 2017 | 29079779 |
| evaluation of 793/b-like and mass-like vaccine strain kinetics in experimental and field conditions by real-time rt-pcr quantification. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a great economic burden both for productive losses and costs of the control strategies. many different vaccination protocols are applied in the same region and even in consecutive cycles on the same farm in order to find the perfect balance between costs and benefits. in northern italy, the usual second vaccination is more and more often moved up to the chick's first d of life. the second strain administration together with the common mass priming by spray at ... | 2018 | 29077954 |
| cd59 association with infectious bronchitis virus particles protects against antibody-dependent complement-mediated lysis. | cd59 protein functions as a negative regulator of the terminal pathway of the complement system by binding to the c8/c9 factors. to date, little is known about the role of cd59 in coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infection. in this study, we discovered that cd59 was downregulated in ibv-infected cells and was associated with ibv virions. this association protected ibv particles from antibody-dependent complement-mediated lysis. ibv titres in the supernatant were significantly increa ... | 2017 | 29068273 |
| development of an xtag-multiplex pcr array for the detection of four avian respiratory viruses. | acute respiratory tract infections are of paramount importance in the poultry industry. we developed an xtag bead assay for the simultaneous detection and discrimination of avian influenza virus (aiv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv). the assay lacked nonspecific reactions with other common avian viruses and the limit of detection was 6.75 × 102- 3.52 × 103copies/μl. we examined 60 clinical specimens and found 18 posi ... | 2018 | 29054443 |
| coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus non-structural proteins 8 and 12 form stable complex independent of the non-translated regions of viral rna and other viral proteins. | the cleavage products from coronavirus polyproteins, known as the non-structural proteins (nsps), are believed to make up the major components of the viral replication/transcription complex. in this study, several nsps encoded by avian gammacoronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were screened for rna-binding activity and interaction with its rna-dependent rna polymerase, nsp12. nsp2, nsp5, nsp8, nsp9 and nsp10 were found to bind to untranslated regions (utrs), while nsp8 was confirmed to ... | 2018 | 29035788 |
| identification of n-linked glycosylation sites in the spike protein and their functional impact on the replication and infectivity of coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus in cell culture. | spike (s) glycoprotein on the viral envelope is the main determinant of infectivity. the s protein of coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) contains 29 putative asparagine(n)-linked glycosylation sites. these post-translational modifications may assist in protein folding and play important roles in the functionality of s protein. in this study, we used bioinformatics tools to predict n-linked glycosylation sites and to analyze their distribution in ibv strains and variants. among these s ... | 2018 | 29035787 |
| detection of different genotypes of infectious bronchitis virus and of infectious bursal disease virus in european broilers during an epidemiological study in 2013 and the consequences for the diagnostic approach. | to gather recent data regarding the infectious bronchitis (ib) and infectious bursal disease (ibd) situation in europe, a large-scale field epidemiological survey using diagnostic samples has been implemented in 2013 for about six months in several european countries: france, germany, greece, italy, the netherlands, poland, portugal, the republic of ireland, spain and the uk. in 234 flocks that were sampled, strains from 10 different ibv genotypes were detected: the 793b genotype was detected mo ... | 2018 | 28972403 |
| isolation and molecular characterization of novel infectious bronchitis virus variants from vaccinated broiler flocks in egypt. | the present study aimed to determine the molecular characteristics of circulating infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains in vaccinated broiler flocks in the giza and fayoum governorates. thirty-four isolates were collected, and egg propagation revealed their ability to induce typical ibv lesions after three to five successive passages. three selected isolates were identified as ibv using a real-time reverse transcriptase-pcr assay targeted the nucleocapsid (n) gene and further characterized b ... | 2017 | 28957013 |
| infectious bronchitis virus s2 of 4/91 expressed from recombinant virus does not protect against ark-type challenge. | we previously demonstrated that chickens primed with a recombinant newcastle disease virus lasota (rls) expressing the s2 gene of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and boosted with an attenuated ibv massachusetts (mass)-type vaccine were protected against ibv arkansas (ark)-type virulent challenge. a possible basis for the reported ability of ibv 4/91 (serotype 793/b) vaccine to protect against divergent ibv strains (e.g., qx, q1, and d1466) in a prime-boost approach with an ibv mass vaccine is ... | 2017 | 28957002 |
| understanding immune resistance to infectious bronchitis using major histocompatibility complex chicken lines. | genetic resistance or susceptibility to infectious diseases has been largely associated with the avian major histocompatibility complex (mhc) genes. our goal was to determine resistance and susceptibility of mhc b haplotype in congenic and inbred chicken lines in order to establish a resistant-susceptible model. eight congenic lines (253/b18, 254/b15, 330/b21, 312/b24, 331/b2, 335/b19, 336/b21, and 342/bo), two inbred lines (003/b17 and 077/b19), and three commercial lines (white leghorn, brown ... | 2017 | 28956996 |
| infectious bronchitis virus variants: molecular analysis and pathogenicity investigation. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) variants constantly emerge and pose economic threats to poultry farms worldwide. numerous studies on the molecular and pathogenic characterization of ibv variants have been performed between 2007 and 2017, which we have reviewed herein. we noted that viral genetic mutations and recombination events commonly gave rise to distinct ibv genotypes, serotypes and pathotypes. in addition to characterizing thes1genes, full viral genomic sequencing, comprehensive antigen ... | 2017 | 28937583 |
| infectious bronchitis virus infection induces apoptosis during replication in chicken macrophage hd11 cells. | avian infectious bronchitis has caused huge economic losses in the poultry industry. previous studies have reported that infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infection can produce cytopathic effects (cpe) and apoptosis in some mammalian cells and primary cells. however, there is little research on ibv-induced immune cell apoptosis. in this study, chicken macrophage hd11 cells were established as a cellular model that is permissive to ibv infection. then, ibv-induced apoptosis was observed through a ... | 2017 | 28933760 |
| first characterization of a middle-east gi-23 lineage (var2-like) of infectious bronchitis virus in europe. | variants assigned to gi-23 lineage of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), formerly called var2, have circulated for nearly 20 years only in countries of the middle east. strains of this lineage were first identified in israel in 1998. more severe form of the virus appeared in 2006, when the second wave of var2 epidemic has spread over the middle east region. the present study describes the detection and detailed genetic characterization of the gi-23 viruses in poland. the full-length genome of ga ... | 2017 | 28923510 |
| protection against infectious bronchitis virus by spike ectodomain subunit vaccine. | the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) s1 subunit of the spike (s) glycoprotein mediates viral attachment to host cells and the s2 subunit is responsible for membrane fusion. using ibv arkansas-type (ark) s protein histochemistry, we show that extension of s1 with the s2 ectodomain improves binding to chicken tissues. although the s1 subunit is the major inducer of neutralizing antibodies, vaccination with s1 protein has been shown to confer inadequate protection against challen ... | 2017 | 28899630 |
| assessment of molecular and genetic evolution, antigenicity and virulence properties during the persistence of the infectious bronchitis virus in broiler breeders. | the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes a highly contagious disease [infectious bronchitis (ib)] that results in substantial economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. we conducted a molecular and phylogenetic analysis of the s1 gene of brazilian (br) ibv isolates from a routinely vaccinated commercial flock of broiler breeders, obtained from clinical ib episodes that occurred in 24-, 46- and 62-week-old chickens. we also characterized the antigenicity, pathogenesis, tissue tropism ... | 2017 | 28895517 |
| think globally, act locally: phylodynamic reconstruction of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) qx genotype (gi-19 lineage) reveals different population dynamics and spreading patterns when evaluated on different epidemiological scales. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) represents one of the poultry industry major threats, particularly in high density producing countries. the emergence and spread of new ibv genotypes have frustrated the various disease control efforts implemented over time. despite that, few comprehensive and large scale studies have been performed to understand the international and local spreading dynamics of this virus. in the present work, these phenomena were evaluated by implementing a bayesian phylodynam ... | 2017 | 28880958 |
| [establishment of a high sensitive indirect elisa for detecting specific antibodies against h9 subtype avian influenza virus]. | h9 subtype avian influenza virus causes worldwide epidemic, resulting in enormous economic losses of poultry production. in the present study, an indirect elisa method was established for more accurate and specific detection. the recombinant protein of the globular head domain of ha of h9 subtype avian influenza virus was used as antigen. specific blocking buffers and dilution buffers were determined to increase the sensitivity and specificity. the sensitivity of elisa was higher than that of he ... | 2017 | 28853253 |
| astragalus polysaccharides enhance the immune response to avian infectious bronchitis virus vaccination in chickens. | astragalus polysaccharides (aps) are biological macromolecules extracted from astragalus species that have strong immunoregulatory properties. in this study, aps were employed as an adjuvant for an avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccine, and its effects on the cellular immune and humoral immune responses to vaccination in chicken were investigated. one hundred and fifty chicken were randomly divided into five groups (n = 30, each group). the chickens in all groups, except for the unvacc ... | 2017 | 28826771 |
| genetic characterisation and analysis of infectious bronchitis virus isolated from brazilian flocks between 2010 and 2015. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) variants in brazil were isolated during 2010-2015 for epidemiological and molecular analysis to characterise the different variants and perform a bioinformatic analysis to compare with sequences of variants collected over the previous 40 years. of the 453 samples examined, 61.4% were positive for ibv and 75.9% of these were considered to have the br-i genotype and were detected in birds of all ages distributed in all five brazilian regions. the ratio of non-syno ... | 2017 | 28805451 |
| genome characterization, antigenicity and pathogenicity of a novel infectious bronchitis virus type isolated from south china. | in 2014, three infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains, designated as γcov/ck/china/i0111/14, γcov/ck/china/i0114/14 and γcov/ck/china/i0118/14, were isolated and identified from chickens suspected to be infected with ibv in guangxi province, china. based upon data arising from s1 sequence and phylogenetic analyses, the three ibv isolates were genetically different from other known ibv types, which represented a novel genotype (gi-29). virus cross-neutralization tests, using γcov/ck/china/i011 ... | 2017 | 28800976 |
| genotyping of avian infectious bronchitis viruses in iran (2015-2017) reveals domination of is-1494 like virus. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is causing major economic losses to the poultry industry. the analysis of the s1 gene has been used to determine ibv genotype. the aim of this study was genotyping of ibvs circulating among the iranian broiler flocks in the period between 2015 to 2017. trachea samples from 278 broiler flocks were collected from broiler farms in eight provinces of iran. after real-time rt-pcr, ibv-positive samples were further characterized based on s1 gene. the results of ... | 2017 | 28789874 |
| microrna transcriptome analysis in chicken kidneys in response to differing virulent infectious bronchitis virus infections. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) can cause a highly contagious and acute respiratory disease in poultry. micrornas (mirnas) have emerged as a class of crucial regulators for gene expression and are involved in the regulation of virus defence and immunological processes. to understand mirna regulation in chickens in response to ibv infection, high-throughput sequencing was performed to compare the small rna libraries from the kidneys of chicken infected with sck2, scdy2 and ldt3-a. by comparing ... | 2017 | 28779232 |
| global distributions and strain diversity of avian infectious bronchitis virus: a review. | the poultry industry faces challenge amidst global food security crisis. infectious bronchitis is one of the most important viral infections that cause huge economic loss to the poultry industry worldwide. the causative agent, infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is an rna virus with great ability for mutation and recombination; thus, capable of generating new virus strains that are difficult to control. there are many ibv strains found worldwide, including the massachusetts, 4/91, d274, and qx-lik ... | 2017 | 28776490 |
| molecular characterization and phylogenetic analyses of virulent infectious bronchitis viruses isolated from chickens in eastern saudi arabia. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is one of the major respiratory viral threats for chickens. despite the intensive application of ibv vaccines, several outbreaks have been reported worldwide. here, we report several ibv outbreaks in thirteen poultry farms in eastern saudi arabia (esa) from 2013 to 2014. the main goals of the current study were as follows: (1) isolation and molecular characterization of the currently circulating strains in esa (al-hasa, dammam, and buqayq) and (2) evaluation of ... | 2017 | 28770245 |
| infectious bronchitis corona virus establishes productive infection in avian macrophages interfering with selected antimicrobial functions. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes respiratory disease leading to loss of egg and meat production in chickens. although it is known that macrophage numbers are elevated in the respiratory tract of ibv infected chickens, the role played by macrophages in ibv infection, particularly as a target cell for viral replication, is unknown. in this study, first, we investigated the ability of ibv to establish productive replication in macrophages in lungs and trachea in vivo and in macrophage cell ... | 2017 | 28763472 |
| epidemiology and characterization of avian infectious bronchitis virus strains circulating in southern china during the period from 2013-2015. | two hundred and six strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) were isolated from chickens showing signs of disease in southern china during the period from 2013-2015. the nucleotide and amino acid sequences from the isolated field strains were compared to 42 published references. nucleotide homologies ranged from 63.1-99.9% and amino acid homologies ranging from 60.2-100%. at least seven ibv genotypes were co-circulating in commercial chicken farms in southern china. the ibv isolates we ... | 2017 | 28747730 |
| whole-genome characterization of uruguayan strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus reveals extensive recombination between the two major south american lineages. | infectious bronchitis virus (gammacoronavirus, coronaviridae) is a genetically variable rna virus that causes one of the most persistent respiratory diseases in poultry. the virus is classified in genotypes and lineages with different epidemiological relevance. two lineages of the gi genotype (11 and 16) have been widely circulating for decades in south america. gi-11 is an exclusive south american lineage while the gi-16 lineage is distributed in asia, europe and south america. here, we obtaine ... | 2017 | 28705717 |
| co-circulation of three clusters of 793/b-like avian infectious bronchitis virus genotypes in iranian chicken flocks. | avian infectious bronchitis (ib) is an acute and highly contagious viral disease causing severe economic losses in the poultry industry. the 793/b ib virus is an important infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) genotype currently circulating in several countries, including iran. one hundred confirmed ibv samples (between 2014 and 2015; from 15 provinces in iran) were selected for genotyping based on s1 sequencing. after phylogenetic analysis, it was found that 30% of the ibv isolates belonged to the ... | 2017 | 28689232 |
| chicken mannose binding lectin has antiviral activity towards infectious bronchitis virus. | mannose binding lectin (mbl) is a collagenous c-type lectin, which plays an important role in innate immunity. it can bind to carbohydrates on the surface of a wide range of pathogens, including viruses. here we studied the antiviral effect of recombinant chicken (rc)mbl against infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), a highly contagious coronavirus of chicken. rcmbl inhibited in a dose-dependent manner the infection of bhk-21 cells by ibv-beaudette, as detected by immunofluorescence staining of vira ... | 2017 | 28686880 |
| kidney cell-adapted infectious bronchitis arkdpi vaccine is stable and protective. | we previously demonstrated that adaptation of an embryo-attenuated infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) arkansas (ark) delmarva poultry industry (dpi)-derived vaccine to chicken embryo kidney (cek) cells (cekp7) shifted the virus population towards homogeneity in spike (s) and nonstructural protein genes. moreover, the typical ark vaccine subpopulations emerging in chickens vaccinated with commercial ark vaccines were not detected in chickens vaccinated with cekp7, indicating that kidney-cell adapt ... | 2017 | 28665723 |
| variability in biological behaviour, pathogenicity, protectotype and induction of virus neutralizing antibodies by different vaccination programs to infectious bronchitis virus genotype q1 strains from chile. | in the period from july 2008 to 2010 a disease episode resulting in serious economic losses in the major production area of the chilean poultry industry were reported. these losses were associated with respiratory problems, increase of condemnations, drops in egg production and nephritis in breeders, laying hens and broilers due to infections with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). twenty-five ibv isolates were genotyped and 4 strains were selected for further testing by pathotyping and protecto ... | 2017 | 28660781 |
| use of sequence-independent, single-primer-amplification (sispa) for rapid detection, identification, and characterization of avian rna viruses. | current technologies with next generation sequencing have revolutionized metagenomics analysis of clinical samples. to achieve the non-selective amplification and recovery of low abundance genetic sequences, a simplified sequence-independent, single-primer amplification (sispa) technique in combination with miseq platform was applied to target negative- and positive-sense single-stranded rna viral sequences. this method allowed successful sequence assembly of full or near full length avian influ ... | 2017 | 28646651 |
| oral administration of tea saponins to relive oxidative stress and immune suppression in chickens. | the present study was designed to evaluate the effects of tea saponins on oxidative stress induced by cyclophosphamide in chickens. one hundred twenty chickens were randomly divided into 5 groups. groups 3 to 4 received intramuscular injection of cyclophosphamide to induce oxidative stress and immunosuppression. after that, groups 2 and 4 were orally administered tea saponins in drinking water for 7 d. then, groups 1 to 4 were immunized with a live, bivalent vaccine of newcastle disease virus an ... | 2017 | 28633386 |
| analysis of antigenicity and pathogenicity reveals major differences among qx-like infectious bronchitis viruses and other serotypes. | avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes considerable damage to the poultry industry worldwide and the proportion of qx-like genotype isolates have increased over time. here, to better understand the antigenicity and pathogenicity of this genotype, we conducted sequence analyses, cross neutralization tests, and also examined the pathogenicity of two strains, sd and sz. sequence analyses revealed that sd and sz isolates belong to the qx-like ibv genotype and share high homology ... | 2017 | 28619139 |
| genetic, antigenic, and pathogenic characteristics of avian infectious bronchitis viruses genotypically related to 793/b in china. | in this study, 20 infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains, which were genotypically related to 793/b, as assessed by an s1 gene comparison and a complete genomic sequence analysis, were isolated and identified from 2009 to 2014 in china. phylogenetic analysis, network tree, similarity plot analysis, recombination detection program 4(rdp4) and sequence comparison revealed that 12 of the 20 isolates were likely the reisolated vaccine virus. one isolate, ck/ch/lsd/110857, was shown to have origin ... | 2017 | 28619134 |
| co-infection of h9n2 subtype avian influenza virus and infectious bronchitis virus decreases sp-a expression level in chickens. | chicken surfactant protein a (csp-a) is a collectin believed to play an important role in antiviral immunity. however, csp-a expression in the respiratory tract of chickens after viral co-infection remains unclear. the aim of this study was the detection and characterization of csp-a in co-infected chickens. for this purpose, four-week-old specific pathogen-free (spf) chickens were divided into five groups and inoculated intranasally with h9n2 subtype avian influenza virus (aiv), infectious bron ... | 2017 | 28619132 |
| a reverse genetics system for avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus based on targeted rna recombination. | avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a respiratory pathogen of chickens that causes severe economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. major advances in the study of the molecular biology of ibv have resulted from the development of reverse genetics systems for the highly attenuated, cell culture-adapted, ibv strain beaudette. however, most ibv strains, amongst them virulent field isolates, can only be propagated in embryonated chicken eggs, and not in continuous cell li ... | 2017 | 28606144 |
| antigen-sparing and enhanced efficacy of multivalent vaccines adjuvanted with immunopotentiators in chickens. | we previously described that immunopotentiators, cvcva5, increased the efficacy of h5 and h9 subtype avian influenza vaccines in chickens, ducks, and geese. in this study, we further investigated the effects of the cvcva5 for improving the efficacy of other univalent or multivalent inactivated vaccines. the immune response administrated with half-dose of monovalent vaccine plus cvcva5 were higher than those of one dose of monovalent vaccine without immunopotentiators as measured by levels of ant ... | 2017 | 28603519 |
| infectious bronchitis virus in romanian broiler farms. | 2017 | 28600421 | |
| combination of h120 and 1/96 avian infectious bronchitis virus vaccine strains protect chickens against challenge with is/1494/06 (variant 2)-like infectious bronchitis virus. | avian infectious bronchitis (ib) is a worldwide chicken disease, caused by avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) which infects all commercial poultry lines. the present study was done to evaluate protection caused by two different serotype vaccines (massachusetts and 793/b) in order to evaluate protection against challenge with is/1494/06-like virus (variant 2-like virus), which is prevalent in the middle east. spf chickens were divided into four groups (n = 20). first and second group as nega ... | 2017 | 28523921 |
| reverse genetics system for the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. | we have developed a reverse genetics system for the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) in which a full-length cdna corresponding to the ibv genome is inserted into the vaccinia virus genome under the control of a t7 promoter sequence. vaccinia virus as a vector for the full-length ibv cdna has the advantage that modifications can be introduced into the ibv cdna using homologous recombination, a method frequently used to insert and delete sequences from the vaccinia virus genome. ... | 2017 | 28508215 |
| complete genome sequences of two avian infectious bronchitis viruses isolated in egypt: evidence for genetic drift and genetic recombination in the circulating viruses. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is highly prevalent in chicken populations and is responsible for severe economic losses to poultry industry worldwide. in this study, we report the complete genome sequences of two ibv field strains, cu/1/2014 and cu/4/2014, isolated from vaccinated chickens in egypt in 2014. the genome lengths of the strains cu/1/2014 and cu/4/2014 were 27,615 and 27,637 nucleotides, respectively. both strains have a common genome organization in the order of 5'-utr-1a-1 ... | 2017 | 28495648 |
| specific detection of gii-1 lineage of infectious bronchitis virus. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a worldwide prevalent rna virus that causes highly contagious and economically devastating disease in chicken. the virus exists in many different genetic forms which made the disease control very difficult. the present study describes the development and validation of taqman probe-based real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (real-time rt-pcr) targeting the s1 coding region of s gene characteristic for the gii-1 lineage (formerly the d1466- ... | 2017 | 28493279 |
| pathogenicity study of iranian genotype of avian infectious bronchitis virus (ir-1). | avian infectious bronchitis (ib) is a major cause of economic losses in poultry industry. the ib virus primarily affects respiratory tract, but various strains differ in their tropism for other target organs such as kidney and alimentary tract. the objective of this study was to estimate the pathogenicity of iranian ibv variant (ir-1), which is limited exclusively to iran. specific pathogen free chicks were inoculated intranasally. sera, fecal swabs and different tissue samples were collected on ... | 2017 | 28473895 |
| different evolutionary trajectories of vaccine-controlled and non-controlled avian infectious bronchitis viruses in commercial poultry. | to determine the genetic and epidemiological relationship of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) isolates from commercial poultry to attenuated live ibv vaccines we conducted a phylogenetic network analysis on the full-length s1 sequence for arkansas (ark), massachusetts (mass) and delmarva/1639 (dmv/1639) type viruses isolated in 2015 from clinical cases by 3 different diagnostic laboratories. phylogenetic network analysis of ark isolates showed two predominant groups linked by 2 mutations, consi ... | 2017 | 28472110 |
| development of a taqman-based real-time pcr assay for rapid and specific detection of fowl aviadenovirus serotype 4. | twelve serotypes of fowl aviadenovirus, namely, fadv-(1-8a and 8b-11), have been identified, among which fadv-4 is the aetiologic agent of hepatitis hydropericardium syndrome (hhs) in chickens. outbreaks of hhs have been documented in many countries, causing significant economic losses. real-time pcr methods described so far in the literature cross-detect different serotypes of fadvs. in this study, we aimed to develop a taqman-based real-time pcr assay for the specific detection of fadv-4. a pa ... | 2017 | 28437156 |
| phylogenetic analysis of avian infectious bronchitis virus isolates from morocco: a retrospective study (1983 to 2014). | 2017 | 28421419 | |
| the effect of diatomaceous earth in live, attenuated infectious bronchitis vaccine, immune responses, and protection against challenge. | live virus vaccines are commonly used in poultry production, particularly in broilers. massive application and generation of a protective local mucosal and humoral immunity with no adverse effects is the main goal for this strategy. live virus vaccines can be improved by adding adjuvants to boost mucosal innate and adaptive responses. in a previous study we showed that diatomaceous earth (de) can be used as adjuvant in inactivated vaccines. the aim of this study was to test de as adjuvant in an ... | 2017 | 28419351 |
| a robust and cost-effective approach to sequence and analyze complete genomes of small rna viruses. | next-generation sequencing (ngs) allows ultra-deep sequencing of nucleic acids. the use of sequence-independent amplification of viral nucleic acids without utilization of target-specific primers provides advantages over traditional sequencing methods and allows detection of unsuspected variants and co-infecting agents. however, ngs is not widely used for small rna viruses because of incorrectly perceived cost estimates and inefficient utilization of freely available bioinformatics tools. | 2017 | 28388925 |
| development of an alternative modified live influenza b virus vaccine. | influenza b virus (ibv) is considered a major human pathogen, responsible for seasonal epidemics of acute respiratory illness. two antigenically distinct ibv ha lineages co-circulate worldwide with little cross-reactivity between each other. live attenuated influenza virus vaccines (laiv) have been shown to provide improved cross-protective immune responses compared to inactivated vaccines by eliciting local mucosal immunity and systemic b cell and t cell-mediated memory responses. we have previ ... | 2017 | 28381580 |
| new oligonucleotide microarray for rapid diagnosis of avian viral diseases. | we developed a new oligonucleotide microarray comprising 16 identical subarrays for simultaneous rapid detection of avian viruses: avian influenza virus (aiv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), infection bronchitis virus (ibv), and infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) in single- and mixed-virus infections. the objective of the study was to develop an oligonucleotide microarray for rapid diagnosis of avian diseases that would be used in the course of mass analysis for routine epidemiological surve ... | 2017 | 28381285 |
| single nucleoprotein residue determines influenza a virus sensitivity to an intertypic suppression mechanism. | several mechanisms underlying intertypic interference between co-infecting influenza types a and b viruses (iav and ibv) have been proposed. we have recently described one in which ibv's nucleoprotein (bnp) sequestered iav's nucleoprotein (anp) and suppressed iav polymerase and growth. however, its anti-iav capacity and limitations have not been fully explored. here, we showed that bnp's inhibitory effect was more potent toward a wide array of avian iavs, whereas human iavs revealed moderate res ... | 2017 | 28371631 |
| recombinant newcastle disease virus expressing the infectious bronchitis virus s1 gene protects chickens against newcastle disease virus and infectious bronchitis virus challenge. | the recombinant lasota strain expressing a chimeric ibv s1 gene (rlasota-s1) was constructed with the s1 gene of the lx4 type ibv ck/ch/ldl/091022. the expression of the s1 protein was detected by an indirect immunofluorescence assay and western blotting. the rlasota-s1 strain was slightly attenuated, and its growth dynamics were similar to that of the parental lasota strain. vaccination of specific pathogen-free chickens with the rlasota-s1 strain induced ndv hemagglutination inhibition antibod ... | 2017 | 28342665 |
| new real time and conventional rt-pcrs for updated molecular diagnosis of infectious bronchitis virus infection (ibv) in chickens in egypt associated with frequent co-infections with avian influenza and newcastle disease viruses. | in egypt, currently two geographically restricted genotypes of the infectious bronchitis coronavirus (ibv) are circulating with detrimental effects for poultry industry. a sensitive real-time rt-pcr assay targeting the ibv nucleocapsid gene (n) was developed to screen clinical samples for presence of ibv. conventional rt-pcrs amplifying hypervariable regions (hvrs 1-2 and 3) of the ibv s1 gene were developed and amplificates used for nucleotide sequence-based typing of ibv field strains in egypt ... | 2017 | 28336367 |
| the papain-like protease of avian infectious bronchitis virus has deubiquitinating activity. | coronavirus papain-like proteases (plps) can act as proteases that process virus-encoded large replicase polyproteins and also as deubiquitinating (dub) enzymes. like the plps of other coronaviruses (covs), the avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) plp catalyzes proteolysis of gly-gly dipeptide bonds to release mature cleavage products. however, the other functions of the ibv plp are not well understood. in this study, we found that ibv exhibits strong global dub activity with significant redu ... | 2017 | 28316013 |
| minimum infectious dose determination of the arkansas delmarva poultry industry infectious bronchitis virus vaccine delivered by hatchery spray cabinet. | the arkansas delmarva poultry industry (arkdpi) infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccine is effective when administered by eye drop, where the vaccine virus is able to infect and replicate well in birds and is able to induce protection against homologous challenge. however, accumulating evidence indicates that the arkdpi vaccine is ineffective when applied by hatchery spray cabinet using the same manufacturer-recommended dose per bird. for this study, we aimed to determine the minimum infectiou ... | 2017 | 28301234 |
| structural basis for dimerization and rna binding of avian infectious bronchitis virus nsp9. | the potential for infection by coronaviruses (covs) has become a serious concern with the recent emergence of middle east respiratory syndrome (mers) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) in the human population. covs encode two large polyproteins, which are then processed into 15-16 nonstructural proteins (nsps) that make significant contributions to viral replication and transcription by assembling the rna replicase complex. among them, nsp9 plays an essential role in viral replication ... | 2017 | 28257598 |
| heat shock protein 70 in lung and kidney of specific-pathogen-free chickens is a receptor-associated protein that interacts with the binding domain of the spike protein of infectious bronchitis virus. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a member of the family coronaviridae. a binding domain that mediates the attachment of the virus to its receptor has been identified in the s1 protein of prototype ibv strain m41. in this study, we identified this binding domain in a different strain, as well as the cellular proteins that interact with it. first, we expressed the s1n proteins (residues 19-270) of m41 and another isolate, sczj3, and compared the binding capacities of recombinant s1n-m41 ... | 2017 | 28224252 |
| development and application of nsp5-elisa for the detection of antibody to infectious bronchitis virus. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) continues to be one of the most important poultry pathogens worldwide. the current commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) kits for ibv specific antibody detection are mostly based on the whole virion, and few serological tests based on nonstructural proteins of ibv have been developed. herein, an alternative indirect elisa for detection of ibv antibody was developed with ibv nonstructural protein 5 (nsp5) produced by escherichia coli. u ... | 2017 | 28223026 |
| early immune responses and development of pathogenesis of avian infectious bronchitis viruses with different virulence profiles. | avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) primarily replicates in epithelial cells of the upper respiratory tract of chickens, inducing both morphological and immune modulatory changes. however, the association between the local immune responses induced by ibv and the mechanisms of pathogenesis has not yet been completely elucidated. this study compared the expression profile of genes related to immune responses in tracheal samples after challenge with two brazilian field isolates (a and b) of ibv ... | 2017 | 28199419 |
| prevalence of avian infectious bronchitis virus in broiler chicken farms in south of iraq, 2014 - 2015. | avian infectious bronchitis (ib), caused by a gammacoronavirus, is an oie-listed (list b) disease and characterized by respiratory and renal involvements, causing high mortality, and economic loss in both layers and broilers. in comparison with other diagnostic methods, real-time polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and conventional rt-pcr are potent, more sensitive and faster techniques for infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) detection. this research was conducted to detect ibv using specific prime ... | 2016 | 28144423 |
| comparative genomics of qx-like infectious bronchitis viruses in korea. | to minimize the spread of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), domestic fowl have been extensively vaccinated with the km91 strain. however, various ibv qx-like virus strains have become increasingly prevalent in korea. we conducted comparative genomic analyses of seven qx-like viruses: early viruses (n = 2), new cluster 1 (nc1; recombinants of km91 and the early qx-like viruses, n = 3) and recurrent viruses (n = 2), to understand their genomic backgrounds. the early and nc1 viruses had km91-like ... | 2017 | 28116527 |
| identification of a novel recombinant virulent avian infectious bronchitis virus. | the emergence of new infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) variants is often disastrous in the poultry industry. in this study, an ibv, ck/ch/2010/jt-1, was isolated from an h120- and 4/91-ibv-vaccinated flock in china. antisera against vaccine strains h120 and 4/91 could not provide effective protection against ck/ch/2010/jt-1 in virus neutralization assays. ck/ch/2010/jt-1 could cause 43.75% mortality with respiratory and severe renal lesions in inoculated chickens. phylogenetic analysis of the s1 ... | 2017 | 28110778 |
| the relationship between liver-kidney impairment and viral load after nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus infection in embryonic chickens. | to examine the relationship of impairments of the liver and kidney with viral load after nephropathogenic infectious bronchitis virus (nibv) infection in embryonic chickens, 120 specific-pathogen-free leghorn embryonated chicken eggs were randomly divided into two groups (infected and control), with three replicates per group and 20 eggs in each replicate. the eggs in the infected and control groups were challenged with 0.2 ml of 10(5.5) eld50 nibv and sterile saline solution, respectively. the ... | 2017 | 28108730 |
| a broadly protective therapeutic antibody against influenza b virus with two mechanisms of action. | influenza b virus (ibv) causes annual influenza epidemics around the world. here we use an in vivo plasmablast enrichment technique to isolate a human monoclonal antibody, 46b8 that neutralizes all ibvs tested in vitro and protects mice against lethal challenge of all ibvs tested when administered 72 h post infection. 46b8 demonstrates a superior therapeutic benefit over tamiflu and has an additive antiviral effect in combination with tamiflu. 46b8 binds to a conserved epitope in the vestigial e ... | 2017 | 28102191 |
| vaccination against infectious bronchitis virus: a continuous challenge. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) is a significant respiratory pathogen of commercial poultry that causes millions of dollars in lost revenue worldwide each year. even though the poultry industry extensively vaccinates against ibv, emergence of new serotypes and variants continually occur, making control of the disease difficult. current mass application strategies for ibv vaccines are inefficient and frequently result in vaccination failures. novel vaccine technology development has been slow, ... | 2017 | 28081857 |
| the important role of lipid raft-mediated attachment in the infection of cultured cells by coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus beaudette strain. | lipid raft is an important element for the cellular entry of some viruses, including coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). however, the exact role of lipid rafts in the cellular membrane during the entry of ibv into host cells is still unknown. in this study, we biochemically fractionated ibv-infected cells via sucrose density gradient centrifugation after depleting plasma membrane cholesterol with methyl-β-cyclodextrin or mevastatin. our results demonstrated that unlike ibv non-structu ... | 2017 | 28081264 |
| origin and evolution of lx4 genotype infectious bronchitis coronavirus in china. | we investigated the genomic characteristics of 110 lx4 genotype strains of infectious bronchitis viruses (ibvs) isolated between 1995 and 2005 in china. the genome of these ibvs varies in size from 27596bp to 27790bp. most ibv strains have the typical genomic organization of other gamacoronaviruses, however, two strains lacked 3a and 5b genes as a result of a nucleotide change within the start codon in the 3a or 5b genes. analysis of our 110 viruses revealed that recombination events may be resp ... | 2017 | 28062013 |
| identification and molecular characterization of a novel serotype infectious bronchitis virus (gi-28) in china. | avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus (ibv) is a major poultry pathogen. a characteristic feature of ibv is the occurrence of many different strains belonging to different serotypes, which renders complete control of the disease by vaccination a challenging task due to the poor cross-protection between different serotypes. in this study, based on the results of s1 sequence analysis and virus cross-neutralization tests, ibv strain ck/ch/lgx/111119 was found to be genetically and antigenically d ... | 2017 | 28062000 |
| channel-inactivating mutations and their revertant mutants in the envelope protein of infectious bronchitis virus. | it has been shown previously in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (sars-cov) that two point mutations, n15a and v25f, in the transmembrane domain (tmd) of the envelope (e) protein abolished channel activity and led to in vivo attenuation. pathogenicity was recovered in mutants that also regained e protein channel activity. in particular, v25f was rapidly compensated by changes at multiple v25f-facing tmd residues located on a neighboring monomer, consistent with a recovery of oli ... | 2017 | 27974570 |
| full genome analysis of australian infectious bronchitis viruses suggests frequent recombination events between vaccine strains and multiple phylogenetically distant avian coronaviruses of unknown origin. | australian strains of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) have been evolving independently for many years, with control achieved by vaccination with local attenuated strains. previous studies have documented the emergence of recombinants over the last 20 years, with the most recent one, ck/aus/n1/08, detected in 2008. these recombinants did not appear to be controlled by the vaccines currently in use. in this study we sequenced the complete genomes of three emergent australian strains of ibv (ibv/ ... | 2016 | 27938680 |
| pathogenicity characteristics of an iranian variant-2 (is-1494) like infectious bronchitis virus in experimentally infected spf chickens. | avian infectious bronchitis (ib) is a major cause of economic loss to the poultry industry. ib virus primarily affects respiratory tract, but strains differ in their tropism for such other target organs as kidneys and alimentary tract. the objective of this study was to estimate the pathogenicity of an iranian ib virus (ibv) variant (variant-2) which is one of the most prevalent isolates circulating in iranian poultry farms. spf chickens were intranasally inoculated with 104 eid50/0.1 ml of the ... | 2017 | 27928919 |
| detection of infectious bronchitis virus 793b, avian metapneumovirus, mycoplasma gallisepticum and mycoplasma synoviae in poultry in ethiopia. | a survey was conducted into respiratory infectious diseases of poultry on a chicken breeder farm run by the ethiopian institute of agricultural research (eiar), located in debre zeit, ethiopia. oropharyngeal swabs were collected from 117 randomly selected birds, and blood was taken from a subset of 73 of these birds. a combination of serological and molecular methods was used for detection of pathogens. for the first time in ethiopia, we report the detection of variant infectious bronchitis viru ... | 2017 | 27924415 |
| infectious bronchitis vaccine virus detection and part-s1 genetic variation following single or dual inoculation in broiler chicks. | an investigation was undertaken of the extent of genetic variation occurring within infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccine strains following vaccination of day-old broiler chicks. chicks were divided into seven groups, with two groups receiving single massachusetts (mass) vaccinations and the other four were inoculated with combinations of different ibv serotypes; mass, 793b, d274, and arkansas (ark). the remaining group was maintained as an unvaccinated control. following vaccination, swabs ... | 2016 | 27917677 |
| genetic mutations in live infectious bronchitis vaccine viruses following single or dual in vitro infection of tracheal organ cultures. | despite regular co-vaccination of two different strains of live infectious bronchitis vaccine viruses, little is known about possible mutations in these viruses following vaccination. as an alternative to chicks, this study used an in vitro infection model to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) within the part-s1 gene of two live infectious bronchitis virus vaccine strains (793b and massachusetts) following single or dual inoculation onto tracheal organ cultures. results indicate tha ... | 2016 | 27902312 |
| identification of an infectious bronchitis coronavirus strain exhibiting a classical genotype but altered antigenicity, pathogenicity, and innate immunity profile. | avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) poses economic threat to the poultry industry worldwide. pathogenic ibv 3575/08 was isolated from broilers vaccinated with the attenuated viral vaccine derived from a taiwan strain 2575/98. in this study, extensive investigations were conducted on the genome sequences, antigenicity, pathogenicity, and host immune responses of several ibv strains in specific-pathogen-free chickens. sequence analyses revealed that 3575/08 and 2575/98 shared high ... | 2016 | 27876864 |
| insights from molecular structure predictions of the infectious bronchitis virus s1 spike glycoprotein. | infectious bronchitis virus is an important respiratory pathogen in chickens. the ibv s1 spike is a viral structural protein that is responsible for attachment to host receptors and is a major target for neutralizing antibodies. to date, there is no experimentally determined structure for the ibv s1 spike. in this study, we sought to find a predicted tertiary structure for ibv s1 using i-tasser, which is an automated homology modeling platform. we found that the predicted structures obtained wer ... | 2016 | 27836775 |
| pathogenicity of a tw-like strain of infectious bronchitis virus and evaluation of the protection induced against it by a qx-like strain. | avian infectious bronchitis, a highly contagious disease caused by avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), is of considerable economic importance to the poultry industry. new ibv tw-like strains have increasingly emerged in china in recent years; hence, evaluating their pathogenicity and developing a specific vaccine to guard against their potential threat to the poultry industry is important. here, we examined the pathogenicity of a tw-like ibv strain (gd), and evaluated the protective efficac ... | 2016 | 27803698 |
| health evaluation of african penguins (<i>spheniscus demersus</i>) in southern africa. | the african penguin (spheniscus demersus) is an endangered seabird that breeds along the coast of namibia and south africa, and disease surveillance was identified as a priority for its conservation. aiming for the establishment of baseline data on the presence of potential pathogens in this species, a comprehensive health assessment (blood smear examination, haematology, biochemistry and serology) was conducted on samples obtained from 578 african penguins at 11 breeding colonies and a rehabili ... | 2016 | 27796116 |
| full genome sequence analysis of a newly emerged qx-like infectious bronchitis virus from sudan reveals distinct spots of recombination. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infection continues to cause economically important diseases in poultry while different geno- and serotypes continue to circulate globally. two infectious bronchitis viruses (ibv) were isolated from chickens with respiratory disease in sudan. sequence analysis of the hypervariable regions of the s1 gene revealed a close relation to the qx-like genotype which has not been detected in sudan before. whole genome analysis of ibv/ck/sudan/ar251-15/2014 isolate by nex ... | 2016 | 27793730 |
| gamma and deltacoronaviruses in quail and pheasants from northern italy. | in view of the restricted knowledge on the diversity of coronaviruses in poultry other than chicken, this study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity of coronaviruses in quail, pheasant, and partridge from two regions of northern italy. to this end, pools of tracheal and cloacal swabs from european quail (coturnix coturnix) and intestinal tract from pheasants (phasianus colchicus) and partridge (perdix perdix) flocks, with or without enteric signs, were collected during 2015. avian coronavi ... | 2016 | 27738120 |
| a serosurvey of greater sage-grouse ( centrocercus urophasianus ) in nevada, usa. | to better understand the potential avian diseases in greater sage-grouse ( centrocercus urophasianus ) in the great basin in nevada, us, we collected 31 blood samples march-april 2014 and tested for antibodies to eight viruses and two bacteria. specifically, sera were tested for antibodies to avian leukosis virus type a, b, and j (alv-a, alv-b, and alv-j, respectively), infectious bursal disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, reticuloendothelial virus, avian influenza virus (aiv), west nile ... | 2017 | 27705104 |
| effect of different vaccination strategies on ibv qx population dynamics and clinical outbreaks. | the extreme variability and rapid evolution of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) has always represented the key challenge for its control because of the limited cross-protection among different strains. several experimental trials have proven a broadening of the protection spectrum when animals are vaccinated with multiple genotypes. nevertheless, the conditions of vaccine administration in field are so different that the generalization of experimental results is, at least, questionable. in the ... | 2016 | 27670071 |
| prediction and in silico identification of novel b-cells and t-cells epitopes in the s1-spike glycoprotein of m41 and cr88 (793/b) infectious bronchitis virus serotypes for application in peptide vaccines. | bioinformatic analysis was used to predict antigenic b-cell and t-cell epitopes within the s1 glycoprotein of m41 and cr88 ibv strains. a conserved linear b-cell epitope peptide, ytsnettdvts(175-185), was identified in m41 ibv strains while three such epitopes types namely, vsnaspnsggvd(279-290), hpkcnfrpeni(328-338), and netnnagsvsdctagt(54-69), were predicted in cr88 ibv strains. analysis of mhci binding peptides in m41 ibv strains revealed the presence of 15 antigenic peptides out of which 12 ... | 2016 | 27667997 |
| infectious bronchitis virus poly-epitope-based vaccine protects chickens from acute infection. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes major losses in the poultry industry. the safe and effective vaccine to control ibv spread is imperative. in the present study, we developed ibv s1 glycoprotein poly-epitope-based dna vaccine pv-s1b+s1t consisting of sh1208 and holte strain bf2-restricted t cell epitopes and australian t strain dominant b cell neutralization epitopes. specific pathogen-free chickens were vaccinated with pv-s1b+s1t and control plasmids twice to elicit strong humoral and ce ... | 2016 | 27665355 |
| selection of reference genes for gene expression analysis by real-time qpcr in avian cells infected with infectious bronchitis virus. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) causes infectious bronchitis in poultry, a respiratory disease that is a source of major economic loss to the poultry industry. detection and the study of the molecular pathogenesis of the virus often involve the use of real-time quantitative pcr assays (qpcr). to account for error within the experiments, the levels of target gene transcription are normalized to that of suitable reference genes. despite publication of the miqe (minimum information for publicatio ... | 2017 | 27624876 |
| a survey for selected avian viral pathogens in backyard chicken farms in finland. | backyard poultry are regaining popularity in europe and increased interest in the health and management of non-commercial farms has resulted. furthermore, commercial poultry farm owners have become concerned about the risk represented by contagious avian diseases that nearby backyard poultry could transmit. fifty-one voluntary backyard chicken farms were visited between october 2012 and january 2013. blood samples and individual cloacal swabs were collected from 457 chickens. in 44 farms (86%), ... | 2017 | 27624642 |
| polymorphisms in the s1 spike glycoprotein of arkansas-type infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) show differential binding to host tissues and altered antigenicity. | sequencing avian infectious bronchitis virus spike genes re-isolated from vaccinated chicks revealed that many sequence changes are found on the s1 spike gene. in the arkdpi strain, y43h and ∆344 are the two most common changes observed. this study aims to examine the roles of y43h and ∆344 in selection in vivo. using recombinant arkdpi s1 proteins, we conducted binding assays on chicken tracheas and embryonic chorioallantoic membrane (cam). protein histochemistry showed that the y43h change all ... | 2016 | 27619927 |
| gammacoronavirus and deltacoronavirus in quail. | this paper expands on a previous report about coronaviruses in quail. after surveillance carried out in 2009 and 2010, some farmers started vaccinating quail with the massachusetts avian infectious bronchitis virus serotype. the samples for this study were collected in 2013 from são paulo state in southeastern brazil. pools of trachea, lungs, reproductive tract, kidneys, and enteric contents from quail and laying hens kept in the same farms and from quail-only farms as well as from both healthy ... | 2016 | 27610726 |
| phylogeny and s1 gene variation of infectious bronchitis virus detected in broilers and layers in turkey. | the avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus (avcov-ibv) is recognized as an important global pathogen because new variants are a continuous threat to the poultry industry worldwide. this study investigates the genetic origin and diversity of avcov-ibv by analysis of the s1 sequence derived from 49 broiler flocks and 14 layer flocks in different regions of turkey. avcov-ibv rna was detected in 41 (83.6%) broiler flocks and nine (64.2%) of the layer flocks by taqman real-time rt-pcr. in addi ... | 2016 | 27610718 |
| the sequence of the full spike s1 glycoprotein of infectious bronchitis virus circulating in egypt reveals evidence of intra-genotypic recombination. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) continues to circulate worldwide, with a significant impact on the poultry industry and affecting both vaccinated and unvaccinated flocks. several studies have focused on the hypervariable regions (hvrs) of the spike gene (s1); however, genetic and bioinformatics studies of the whole s1 gene are limited. in this study, the whole s1 gene of five egyptian ibvs was genetically analyzed. phylogenetic analysis revealed that the egyptian ibvs are clustered within two ... | 2016 | 27604121 |
| pathogenicity of virulent infectious bronchitis virus isolate yn on hen ovary and oviduct. | avian infectious bronchitis is an economically important poultry disease caused by avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). ibv isolate yn is a virulent strain, which is genetically similar to most of the prevalent strains in china. in this study, 21-day-old commercial laying hens were infected with ibv strain yn. the damaging effects of the virus on the reproductive organs were evaluated with clinical observations, gross autopsy and histopathological examinations during the 100-day monitoring p ... | 2016 | 27599936 |
| blood biochemistry and immune response in aseel chicken under free range, semi-intensive, and confinement rearing systems. | a study was conducted to investigate the effects of 3 different rearing systems [free range ( fr: ), semi-intensive ( si: ), and confinement ( cf: )] on blood biochemical profile and immune response in 4 varieties of aseel chicken [lakha ( lk: ), mushki ( ms: ), peshawari ( pw: ) and sindhi ( sn: )] for 10 wk duration (7 to 16 wk). at the age of 6 wk, in total, 180 cockerels were assigned to 12 treatment groups, 3 (rearing system) × 4 (aseel chicken variety) factorial arrangement in 7 randomized ... | 2017 | 27591273 |
| potential immunomodulatory effects of non-dialyzable materials of cranberry extract in poultry production. | studies on effects of cranberry products in animals, especially in chickens, are very scarce or even lacking. this study investigated the immunomodulatory effect of high molecular weight non-dialyzable materials (ndms) of cranberry extract. the in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were investigated. the ability of ndms (0, 1, 2, or 4 mg/ml) to enhance phagocytic activities was also evaluated using chicken heterophils (ches) against staphylococcus aureus furthermore, a broiler mo ... | 2017 | 27587728 |
| distribution of infectious bronchitis virus strains in different organs and evidence of vertical transmission in natural infection. | on the basis of partial sequencing of the infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) s1 gene, this study investigated the molecular diversity of the virus in two life periods of a batch of breeding hens at the field level. the chicks were vaccinated against ibv on the second day of life with the vaccine ma5, but at the age of 18 days, they exhibited clinical signs and macroscopic lesions compatible with avian infectious bronchitis (ib). in the clinical disease stage, the ma5 vaccine strain was detected i ... | 2016 | 27586414 |
| full-length genome sequencing analysis of avian infectious bronchitis virus isolate associated with nephropathogenic infection. | infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) produces infectious bronchitis (ib) disease in poultry worldwide. in spite of proper vaccinations against the ibv, new ibv strains are continually emerging worldwide. in this study, a new highly virulent nephropathogenic ibv strain named ck/ch/xdc-2/2013 was identified from a vaccinated flock with clinical signs of ib in the jiangsu province of china. the full-length genome sequence of the isolate was 27,714 nucleotides long, and the genome was organized similar ... | 2016 | 27566728 |
| genotyping and pathotyping of diversified strains of infectious bronchitis viruses circulating in egypt. | to characterize the circulating infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) strains in egypt depending on the sequence of the spike-1 (s1) gene [hypervariable region-3 (hvr-3)] and to study the pathotypic features of these strains. | 2016 | 27563538 |
| accurate detection of avian respiratory viruses by use of multiplex pcr-based luminex suspension microarray assay. | a novel oligonucleotide suspension microarray (luminex microsphere system) was developed for the rapid detection of avian respiratory viruses of major clinical importance. this test was optimized and validated with 70 clinical samples. the developed tool was accurate for high-throughput detection and differentiation of the most important avian respiratory viruses: avian influenza virus (aiv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), infection bronchitis virus (ibv), and infectious laryngotracheitis virus ... | 2016 | 27558184 |
| the establishment and characteristics of cell-adapted ibv strain h120. | avian infectious bronchitis virus is an important pathogen in poultry worldwide. vaccination is the only effective way to prevent and control ibv infection. h120, one of the safest vaccine strains, which has been used worldwide as a primary vaccine, cannot adapt to passaged cells, which severely restricts the quality of the vaccine. based on the reverse genetics of our previous research work, we constructed the recombinant r-h120-beaudette-p65(s) strain by replacing the complete spike gene of h1 ... | 2016 | 27558123 |
| synthetic virus-like particles prepared via protein corona formation enable effective vaccination in an avian model of coronavirus infection. | the ongoing battle against current and rising viral infectious threats has prompted increasing effort in the development of vaccine technology. a major thrust in vaccine research focuses on developing formulations with virus-like features towards enhancing antigen presentation and immune processing. herein, a facile approach to formulate synthetic virus-like particles (svlps) is demonstrated by exploiting the phenomenon of protein corona formation induced by the high-energy surfaces of synthetic ... | 2016 | 27552321 |