Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| post-natal persistent infection with classical swine fever virus in wild boar: a strategy for viral maintenance? | in this study, fifteen wild boar piglets were intranasally inoculated <10 h after birth with the moderately virulent classical swine fever virus (csfv) strain catalonia 01. at 5 days post-inoculation, seven other animals within 48 h of birth were put in contact with them. viral replication and innate and specific immune responses were evaluated. of the inoculated animals, 46.67% remained post-natally persistently infected and were apparently healthy with neither humoral nor cellular immunologica ... | 2017 | 26234886 |
| the n-terminus of classical swine fever virus (csfv) nonstructural protein 2 modulates viral genome rna replication. | pestivirus nonstructural protein 2 (ns2) is a multifunctional, hydrophobic protein with an important but poorly understood role in viral rna replication and infectious virus production. in the present study, based on sequence analysis, we mutated several representative conserved residues within the n-terminus of ns2 of classical swine fever virus (csfv) and investigated how these mutations affected viral rna replication and infectious virus production. our results demonstrated that the mutation ... | 2015 | 26232654 |
| complete genome sequence of a field isolate of classical swine fever virus belonging to subgenotype 2.1b from hunan province, china. | we report the complete genome sequence of a field isolate of classical swine fever virus (csfv), hunan 23/2013, belonging to the predominant subgenotype 2.1b. this strain was originally isolated from diseased pigs in hunan province, china. this report will help in understanding the molecular diversity of csfv stains circulating in china and in selecting and developing a suitable vaccine candidate for csf control. | 2015 | 26205876 |
| early intranuclear replication of african swine fever virus genome modifies the landscape of the host cell nucleus. | although african swine fever virus (asfv) replicates in viral cytoplasmic factories, the presence of viral dna within the host cell nucleus has been previously reported to be essential for productive infection. herein, we described, for the first time, the intranuclear distribution patterns of viral dna replication events, preceding those that occur in the cytoplasmic compartment. using brdu pulse-labelling experiments, newly synthesized asfv genomes were exclusively detected inside the host cel ... | 2015 | 26183880 |
| [continuous cell subline a4c2/9k and its application to the african swine fever virus study]. | a new continuous cell subline a4c2/9k highly sensitive to the african swine fever virus (asfv) was prepared. all the tested asfv strains isolated in the russian federation in 2008-2013 proliferated in this cell culture exhibiting hemadsorption and accumulated at a titer of up to 6.5 ig hau50/cm3. the cell culture a4c2/9k can be used for asfv isolation or determination of its infectious activity and serotype identity. the culture versions of the asfv strain stavropol 01/08 at passages 24 and 33 i ... | 2015 | 26182658 |
| evaluation of an erns-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to distinguish classical swine fever virus-infected pigs from pigs vaccinated with cp7_e2alf. | infections with classical swine fever virus (csfv) are a major economic threat to pig production. to combat csf outbreaks and to maintain trade, new marker vaccines were developed that allow differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (diva principle). the chimeric pestivirus cp7_e2alf was shown to be safe and efficacious. its diva strategy is based on the detection of csfv e(rns)-specific antibodies that are only developed on infection. however, for the new marker vaccine to be consider ... | 2015 | 26179095 |
| efficacy of a live attenuated vaccine in classical swine fever virus postnatally persistently infected pigs. | classical swine fever (csf) causes major losses in pig farming, with various degrees of disease severity. efficient live attenuated vaccines against classical swine fever virus (csfv) are used routinely in endemic countries. however, despite intensive vaccination programs in these areas for more than 20 years, csf has not been eradicated. molecular epidemiology studies in these regions suggests that the virus circulating in the field has evolved under the positive selection pressure exerted by t ... | 2015 | 26159607 |
| ligand-responsive rna mechanical switches. | ligand-responsive rna mechanical switches represent a new class of simple switching modules that adopt well-defined ligand-free and bound conformational states, distinguishing them from metabolite-sensing riboswitches. initially discovered in the internal ribosome entry site (ires) of hepatitis c virus (hcv), these rna switch motifs were found in the genome of diverse other viruses. although large variations are seen in sequence and local secondary structure of the switches, their function in vi ... | 2015 | 26158858 |
| structures and functions of pestivirus glycoproteins: not simply surface matters. | pestiviruses, which include economically important animal pathogens such as bovine viral diarrhea virus and classical swine fever virus, possess three envelope glycoproteins, namely erns, e1, and e2. this article discusses the structures and functions of these glycoproteins and their effects on viral pathogenicity in cells in culture and in animal hosts. e2 is the most important structural protein as it interacts with cell surface receptors that determine cell tropism and induces neutralizing an ... | 2015 | 26131960 |
| chinese border disease virus strain jsls12-01 infects piglets and down-regulates the antibody responses of classical swine fever virus c strain vaccination. | during 2012 and 2013, several border disease virus (bdv) strains were identified from chinese goat and sheep herds. at the same time, pigs from the same areas were found to be seropositive to bdv by elisa, without showing clinical signs (unpublished data). to examine the susceptibility of pigs to the chinese bdv strains, bdv isolate jsls12-01, isolated from naturally infected sheep, was used to infect pigs. antibody responses, viremia, clinical signs and pathological changes of the infected anim ... | 2015 | 26117151 |
| the molecular biology of pestiviruses. | pestiviruses are among the economically most important pathogens of livestock. the biology of these viruses is characterized by unique and interesting features that are both crucial for their success as pathogens and challenging from a scientific point of view. elucidation of these features at the molecular level has made striking progress during recent years. the analyses revealed that major aspects of pestivirus biology show significant similarity to the biology of human hepatitis c virus (hcv ... | 2015 | 26111586 |
| survival of african swine fever virus in excretions from pigs experimentally infected with the georgia 2007/1 isolate. | african swine fever virus (asfv) causes a lethal haemorrhagic disease of swine which can be transmitted through direct contact with infected animals and their excretions or indirect contact with contaminated fomites. the shedding of asfv by infected pigs and the stability of asfv in the environment will determine the extent of environmental contamination. the recent outbreaks of asf in europe make it essential to develop disease transmission models in order to design effective control strategies ... | 2017 | 26104842 |
| an eif2α-binding motif in protein phosphatase 1 subunit gadd34 and its viral orthologs is required to promote dephosphorylation of eif2α. | transient protein synthesis inhibition, mediated by phosphorylation of the α subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eif2α), is an important protective mechanism cells use during stress conditions. following relief of the stress, the growth arrest and dna damage-inducible protein gadd34 associates with the broadly acting serine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 (pp1) to dephosphorylate eif2α. whereas the pp1-binding motif on gadd34 has been defined, it remains to be determined how g ... | 2015 | 26100893 |
| african swine fever virus assembles a single membrane derived from rupture of the endoplasmic reticulum. | collective evidence argues that two members of the nucleocytoplasmic large dna viruses (ncldvs) acquire their membrane from open membrane intermediates, postulated to be derived from membrane rupture. we now study membrane acquisition of the ncldv african swine fever virus. by electron tomography (et), the virion assembles a single bilayer, derived from open membrane precursors that collect as ribbons in the cytoplasm. biochemically, lumenal endoplasmic reticulum (er) proteins are released into ... | 2015 | 26096327 |
| recombinant encephalomyocarditis viruses elicit neutralizing antibodies against prrsv and csfv in mice. | encephalomyocarditis virus (emcv) is capable of infecting a wide range of species and the infection can cause myocarditis and reproductive failure in pigs as well as febrile illness in human beings. in this study, we introduced the entire orf5 of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) or the neutralization epitope regions in the e2 gene of the classical swine fever virus (csfv), into the genome of a stably attenuated emcv strain, t1100i. the resultant viable recombinant ... | 2015 | 26076449 |
| african swine fever virus georgia 2007 with a deletion of virulence-associated gene 9gl (b119l), when administered at low doses, leads to virus attenuation in swine and induces an effective protection against homologous challenge. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is the etiological agent of an often lethal disease of domestic pigs. disease control strategies have been hampered by the unavailability of vaccines against asfv. since its introduction in the republic of georgia, a highly virulent virus, asfv georgia 2007 (asfv-g), has caused an epizootic that spread rapidly into eastern european countries. currently no vaccines are available or under development to control asfv-g. in the past, genetically modified asfvs harbor ... | 2015 | 26063424 |
| host cell targets for african swine fever virus. | viruses are strict intracellular pathogens that require the cellular environment to complete a successful infection. among them, african swine fever virus (asfv) is an evolutionary ancient dna virus, endemic in africa, which is nowadays causing an emergent disease in europe with a potential high economic impact in the pig industry. it is well known that host-cell components are critical crossroads mapping the virus path for a productive infection, some of them at the endocytic pathway. consideri ... | 2015 | 26057710 |
| [on the situation of african swine fever and the biological characterization of recent virus isolates]. | african swine fever (asf), a disease notifiable to the world organization of animal health (oie), is characterized by severe, unspecific clinical signs and high mortality rates. hosts for asf virus (asfv) are only members of the family suidae and soft ticks of the genus ornithodoros. currently, no vaccine is available and therefore, the control is primarily based on strict sanitary measures. the most important part is the early detection of the disease within affected animal holdings and the fas ... | 2015 | 26054220 |
| emerging pestiviruses infecting domestic and wildlife hosts. | until the early 1990 s there were just three recognized species in the pestivirus genus, bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), border disease virus (bdv) and classical swine fever virus (csfv). subsequently bvdv were divided into two different species, bvdv1 and bvdv2 and four additional putative pestivirus species have been identified, based on phylogenetic analysis. the four putative pestivirus specices, listed in chronological order of published reports, are giraffe (isolated from one of severa ... | 2015 | 26050572 |
| genetic variability and distribution of classical swine fever virus. | classical swine fever is a highly contagious disease that affects domestic and wild pigs worldwide. the causative agent of the disease is classical swine fever virus (csfv), which belongs to the genus pestivirus within the family flaviviridae. on the genome level, csfv can be divided into three genotypes with three to four sub-genotypes. those genotypes can be assigned to distinct geographical regions. knowledge about csfv diversity and distribution is important for the understanding of disease ... | 2015 | 26050570 |
| complete genome sequence of a classical swine fever virus isolate belonging to a new subgenotype, 2.1c, from guangxi province, china. | the complete genome sequence of a field isolate of classical swine fever strain (csfv), gxf29/2013, was determined in this study. this strain was originally isolated from infected pigs in guangxi province, china. the most significant difference in the amino acid sequence of the polyprotein from subgenotypes 2.1a and 2.1b is an spa→apv amino acid substitution at positions 88 and 90 in the e2 protein. | 2015 | 26044412 |
| thioredoxin 2 is a novel e2-interacting protein that inhibits the replication of classical swine fever virus. | the e2 protein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is an envelope glycoprotein that is involved in virus attachment and entry. to date, the e2-interacting cellular proteins and their involvement in viral replication have been poorly documented. in this study, thioredoxin 2 (trx2) was identified to be a novel e2-interacting partner using yeast two-hybrid screening from a porcine macrophage cdna library. trx2 is a mitochondrion-associated protein that participates in diverse cellular events. the ... | 2015 | 26041303 |
| a new subgenotype 2.1d isolates of classical swine fever virus in china, 2014. | the lapinized attenuated vaccine against classical swine fever (csf) has been used in china for over half a century and has generally prevented large-scale outbreaks in recent years. however, since late 2014, a large number of new cases of csf were detected in many immunized pig farms in china. several of these csv viruses were isolated and characterized. phylogenetic and genomic sequence analyses indicate that these new isolates, as well as some reference isolates, form a new subgenotype named ... | 2015 | 26031602 |
| intracellular membrane association of the n-terminal domain of classical swine fever virus ns4b determines viral genome replication and virulence. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) causes a highly contagious disease in pigs that can range from a severe haemorrhagic fever to a nearly unapparent disease, depending on the virulence of the virus strain. little is known about the viral molecular determinants of csfv virulence. the nonstructural protein ns4b is essential for viral replication. however, the roles of csfv ns4b in viral genome replication and pathogenesis have not yet been elucidated. ns4b of the gpe- vaccine strain and of the hi ... | 2015 | 26018962 |
| enhanced expression of the erns protein of classical swine fever virus in yeast and its application in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibody differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals. | classical swine fever (csf), caused by classical swine fever virus (csfv), is a devastating disease of swine worldwide. although a mandatory vaccination with the modified live vaccine c-strain has been implemented in china for decades, csf remains a serious threat to the swine industry. to facilitate the control and eradication of csf in china, the e2-based marker vaccine radv-sfv-e2, an adenovirus-delivered, alphavirus replicon-vectored vaccine, has been developed. accordingly, an accompanying ... | 2015 | 26005003 |
| treatment with interferon-alpha delays disease in swine infected with a highly virulent csfv strain. | interferon-alpha (ifnα) can effectively inhibit or abort a viral infection within the host. it has been reported that ifn induction and production is hindered during classical swine fever virus (csfv) infection. most of those studies have been performed in vitro, making it difficult to elucidate the actual role of ifns during csfv infection in swine. here, we report the effect of ifnα treatment (delivered by a replication defective recombinant human adenovirus type 5, ad5) in swine experimentall ... | 2015 | 26004252 |
| experimental pig-to-pig transmission dynamics for african swine fever virus, georgia 2007/1 strain. | african swine fever virus (asfv) continues to cause outbreaks in domestic pigs and wild boar in eastern european countries. to gain insights into its transmission dynamics, we estimated the pig-to-pig basic reproduction number (r 0) for the georgia 2007/1 asfv strain using a stochastic susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered (seir) model with parameters estimated from transmission experiments. models showed that r 0 is 2·8 [95% confidence interval (ci) 1·3-4·8] within a pen and 1·4 (95% ci 0·6- ... | 2016 | 25989921 |
| classical swine fever virus marker vaccine strain cp7_e2alf: shedding and dissemination studies in boars. | over the last decade, pestivirus chimaera cp7_e2alf has proven to be a most promising marker vaccine candidate against classical swine fever (csf). to provide further background data for the risk assessment towards licensing and release, especially on presence of the vaccine chimaera in faeces, urine, and organs of the male reproductive tract, supplementary studies were carried out under controlled laboratory conditions. in detail, the shedding and dissemination pattern of suvaxyn(®) csf marker ... | 2015 | 25980427 |
| direct coating of culture medium from cells secreting classical swine fever virus e2 antigen on elisa plates for detection of e2-specific antibodies. | the envelope glycoprotein e2 of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is widely used as a marker for measuring vaccine efficacy and antibody titer. the glycosylation profile of e2 may affect the immunogenicity of the vaccine and the timing of re-vaccination. in this study, a human embryonic kidney cell line was used to secrete fully-glycosylated csfv e2, which was then coated onto elisa plates without purification or adjustment. the resulting e2-secreting medium-direct-coating (e2-mdc) elisa was su ... | 2015 | 25975854 |
| phylogeographic analysis of african swine fever virus based on the p72 gene sequence. | african swine fever virus (asfv) outbreak has been considered as an emerging and re-emerging disease for almost a century. diagnostically, simple polymerase chain reaction and sequencing-based molecular detection could be employed for both viral identification and genotyping. this study established a novel phylogenetic analysis and epidemiology comparison based on 205 bp of p72 gene sequences. based on this partial p72 fragment, an updated list of 44 different genotypes from a total of 516 asfv ... | 2015 | 25966230 |
| transfection of rna from organ samples of infected animals represents a highly sensitive method for virus detection and recovery of classical swine fever virus. | translation and replication of positive stranded rna viruses are directly initiated in the cellular cytoplasm after uncoating of the viral genome. accordingly, infectious virus can be generated by transfection of rna genomes into susceptible cells. in the present study, efficiency of conventional virus isolation after inoculation of cells with infectious sample material was compared to virus recovery after transfection of total rna derived from organ samples of pigs infected with classical swine ... | 2015 | 25961582 |
| the assessment of african swine fever virus risk to belgium early 2014, using the quick and semiquantitative pandora screening protocol. | a risk assessment was organized during the early eu asf outbreaks of early 2014 (february-april) and performed in cooperation with 15 belgian and european experts on asfv and its epidemiology in pigs/wild boar. african swine fever (asf) is considered as one of the most dangerous infectious pig diseases, causing many outbreaks. since the end of 2013 - early 2014, several outbreaks within the european union (lithuania, poland, estonia and latvia) were reported to oie, which prompted several risk a ... | 2017 | 25939453 |
| postnatal persistent infection with classical swine fever virus and its immunological implications. | it is well established that trans-placental transmission of classical swine fever virus (csfv) during mid-gestation can lead to persistently infected offspring. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of csfv to induce viral persistence upon early postnatal infection. two litters of 10 piglets each were infected intranasally on the day of birth with low and moderate virulence csfv isolates, respectively. during six weeks after postnatal infection, most of the piglets remained cl ... | 2015 | 25938664 |
| estimating the basic reproductive number (r0) for african swine fever virus (asfv) transmission between pig herds in uganda. | african swine fever (asf) is a highly contagious, lethal and economically devastating haemorrhagic disease of domestic pigs. insights into the dynamics and scale of virus transmission can be obtained from estimates of the basic reproduction number (r0). we estimate r0 for asf virus in small holder, free-range pig production system in gulu, uganda. the estimation was based on data collected from outbreaks that affected 43 villages (out of the 289 villages with an overall pig population of 26,570) ... | 2015 | 25938429 |
| genome sequence of classical swine fever virus genotype 1.1 with a genetic marker of attenuation detected in a continuous porcine cell line. | the complete genome sequencing and analysis of a classical swine fever virus (csfv) detected in a porcine kidney cell line revealed a close relationship with genotype 1.1 viruses circulating in india and china. the presence of consecutive t insertions in the 3' untranslated region (utr), as seen in vaccine strains of csfv, suggested some degree of attenuation. | 2015 | 25931601 |
| evaluation of the risk factors contributing to the african swine fever occurrence in sardinia, italy. | this study assesses the relation between hypothesized risk factors and african swine fever virus (asfv) distribution in sardinia (italy) after the beginning of the eradication program in 1993, using a bayesian multivariable logistic regression mixed model. results indicate that the probability of asfv occurrence in sardinia was associated to particular socio-cultural, productive and economical factors found in the region, particularly to large number of confined (i.e., closed) farms (most of the ... | 2015 | 25926829 |
| course and transmission characteristics of oral low-dose infection of domestic pigs and european wild boar with a caucasian african swine fever virus isolate. | in 2007, african swine fever virus (asfv) was introduced into the transcaucasian countries and russia. since then, it has spread alarmingly and reached the european union. asfv strains are highly virulent and lead to almost 100% mortality under experimental conditions. however, the possibility of dose-dependent disease courses has been discussed. for this reason, a study was undertaken to assess the risk of chronic disease and the establishment of carriers upon low-dose oronasal infection of dom ... | 2015 | 25916610 |
| cd2v interacts with adaptor protein ap-1 during african swine fever infection. | african swine fever virus (asfv) cd2v protein is believed to be involved in virulence enhancement, viral hemadsorption, and pathogenesis, although the molecular mechanisms of the function of this viral protein are still not fully understood. here we describe that cd2v localized around viral factories during asfv infection, suggesting a role in the generation and/or dynamics of these viral structures and hence in disturbing cellular traffic. we show that cd2v targeted the regulatory trans-golgi n ... | 2015 | 25915900 |
| pkr activation enhances replication of classical swine fever virus in pk-15 cells. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious swine disease that is responsible for economic losses worldwide. protein kinase r (pk)r is an important protein in the host viral response; however, the role of pkr in csfv infection remains unknown. this issue was addressed in the present study using the pk-15 swine kidney cell line. we found that csfv infection increased the phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eif)2α and its kinase pkr. however, the expression of viral ... | 2015 | 25899421 |
| [real-time pcr kits for the detection of the african swine fever virus]. | the results obtained using the diagnostic kit based on real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect the dna of the african swine fever in the pathological material, as well as in the culture fluid, are presented. a high sensitivity and specificity for detection of the dna in the organs and tissues of animals was shown to be useful for detection in the european union referentiality reagent kits for dna detection by real time pcr of asfv. more rapid and effective method of dna extraction using co ... | 2014 | 25895212 |
| fatal disease associated with swine hepatitis e virus and porcine circovirus 2 co-infection in four weaned pigs in china. | in recent decades, porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2) infection has been recognized as the causative agent of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome, and has become a threat to the swine industry. hepatitis e virus (hev) is another high prevalent pathogen in swine in many regions of the world. pcv2 and hev are both highly prevalent in pig farms in china. | 2015 | 25889526 |
| rapid and specific detection of porcine parvovirus using real-time pcr and high resolution melting (hrm) analysis. | porcine parvovirus (ppv) is the important causative agent for infectious infertility, which is a fairly tough virus that multiplies normally in the intestine of pigs without causing clinical signs in the world. | 2015 | 25879634 |
| faustovirus, an asfarvirus-related new lineage of giant viruses infecting amoebae. | giant viruses are protist-associated viruses belonging to the proposed order megavirales; almost all have been isolated from acanthamoeba spp. their isolation in humans suggests that they are part of the human virome. using a high-throughput strategy to isolate new giant viruses from their original protozoan hosts, we obtained eight isolates of a new giant viral lineage from vermamoeba vermiformis, the most common free-living protist found in human environments. this new lineage was proposed to ... | 2015 | 25878099 |
| impact on antibody responses of b-cell-restricted transgenic expression of a viral gene inhibiting activation of nf-κb and nfat. | in this work, we have assessed the impact in vivo of the evasion gene a238l of african swine fever virus, an inhibitor of both nf-κb- and nfat-mediated transcription. the a238l gene was selectively expressed in mouse b lymphocytes using the promoter and enhancer sequences of the mouse ig μ heavy chain. the igm primary and igg2b secondary serological responses and the number of splenic germinal centres in response to the td antigens dnp-keyhole limpet hemocyanin and sheep red blood cells, respect ... | 2015 | 25864175 |
| analysis of hdac6 and bag3-aggresome pathways in african swine fever viral factory formation. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is a double-stranded dna virus causing a hemorrhagic fever disease with high mortality rates and severe economic losses in pigs worldwide. asfv replicates in perinuclear sites called viral factories (vfs) that are morphologically similar to cellular aggresomes. this fact raises the possibility that both vfs and aggresomes may be the same structure. however, little is known about the process involved in the formation of these viral replication platforms. in order ... | 2015 | 25856634 |
| heat shock protein 70 is associated with csfv ns5a protein and enhances viral rna replication. | the non-structural 5a (ns5a) protein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is proven to be involved in viral replication and can also modulate cellular signaling via to its ability to interact with various cellular proteins. here, hsp70/ns5a complex formation is confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation and gst-pulldown studies. additionally, the n-terminal amino acids (29-240) of ns5a were identified as the interaction region through in vivo deletion analyses, and confocal microscopy showed that ns5a ... | 2015 | 25827528 |
| discrimination within epitope specific antibody populations against classical swine fever virus is a new means of differentiating infection from vaccination. | serological differentiation between infection and vaccination depends on the detection of pathogen specific antibodies for an epitope that is modified or lacking in a vaccine. here we describe a new assay principle that is based on differences in the binding properties of epitope specific antibodies. c-diva is a potent classical swine fever vaccine candidate that differs from the parental c-strain life attenuated vaccine in the highly immunogenic tavspttlr epitope by the deletion of two and the ... | 2015 | 25825375 |
| immunogenicity in swine of orally administered recombinant lactobacillus plantarum expressing classical swine fever virus e2 protein in conjunction with thymosin α-1 as an adjuvant. | classical swine fever, caused by classical swine fever virus (csfv), is a highly contagious disease that results in enormous economic losses in pig industries. the e2 protein is one of the main structural proteins of csfv and is capable of inducing csfv-neutralizing antibodies and cytotoxic t lymphocyte (ctl) activities in vivo. thymosin α-1 (tα1), an immune-modifier peptide, plays a very important role in the cellular immune response. in this study, genetically engineered lactobacillus plantaru ... | 2015 | 25819954 |
| time-calibrated phylogenomics of the classical swine fever viruses: genome-wide bayesian coalescent approach. | the phylogeny of classical swine fever virus (csfv), the causative agent of classical swine fever (csf), has been investigated extensively. however, no evolutionary research has been performed using the whole csfv genome. in this study, we used 37 published genome sequences to investigate the time-calibrated phylogenomics of csfv. in phylogenomic trees based on bayesian inference (bi) and maximum likelihood (ml), the 37 isolates were categorized into five genetic types (1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.3, and 3 ... | 2015 | 25815768 |
| tandem repeat insertion in african swine fever virus, russia, 2012. | 2015 | 25812015 | |
| close relationship of ruminant pestiviruses and classical swine fever virus. | to determine why serum from small ruminants infected with ruminant pestiviruses reacted positively to classical swine fever virus (csfv)-specific diagnostic tests, we analyzed 2 pestiviruses from turkey. they differed genetically and antigenically from known pestivirus species and were closely related to csfv. cross-reactions would interfere with classical swine fever diagnosis in pigs. | 2015 | 25811683 |
| african swine fever virus georgia isolate harboring deletions of mgf360 and mgf505 genes is attenuated in swine and confers protection against challenge with virulent parental virus. | african swine fever virus (asfv) is the etiological agent of a contagious and often lethal disease of domestic pigs that has significant economic consequences for the swine industry. the control of african swine fever (asf) has been hampered by the unavailability of vaccines. experimental vaccines have been developed using genetically modified live attenuated asfvs where viral genes involved in virus virulence were removed from the genome. multigene family 360 (mgf360) and mgf505 represent a gro ... | 2015 | 25810553 |
| the n-terminal domain of npro of classical swine fever virus determines its stability and regulates type i ifn production. | the viral protein npro is unique to the genus pestivirus within the family flaviviridae. after autocatalytic cleavage from the nascent polyprotein, npro suppresses type i ifn (ifn-α/β) induction by mediating proteasomal degradation of ifn regulatory factor 3 (irf-3). previous studies found that the npro-mediated irf-3 degradation was dependent of a trash domain in the c-terminal half of npro coordinating zinc by means of the amino acid residues c112, c134, d136 and c138. interestingly, four clas ... | 2015 | 25809915 |
| experimental infection of domestic pigs with african swine fever virus lithuania 2014 genotype ii field isolate. | an experimental infection was conducted to evaluate horizontal transmission, clinical, virological and humoral response induced in domestic pigs infected with african swine fever (asf) genotype ii virus circulating in 2014 into the european union (eu). ten naive pigs were placed in contact with eight pigs experimentally inoculated with the lithuanian lt14/1490 asf virus (asfv) responsible for the first asf case detected in wild boar in lithuania in january 2014. clinical examination and rectal t ... | 2017 | 25808027 |
| a comparison of the impact of shimen and c strains of classical swine fever virus on toll-like receptor expression. | classical swine fever is one of the most important swine diseases worldwide and has tremendous socioeconomic impact. in this study, we focused on the signalling pathways of toll-like receptors (tlrs) because of their roles in the detection and response to viral infections. to this end, two classical swine fever virus (csfv) strains, namely the highly virulent csfv shimen strain and the avirulent c strain (a vaccine strain), were employed, and the expression of 19 immune effector genes was analys ... | 2015 | 25805409 |
| a study of lymphoid organs and serum proinflammatory cytokines in pigs infected with african swine fever virus genotype ii. | african swine fever virus (asfv), the causative agent of one of the most important viral diseases of domestic pigs for which no vaccine is available, causes immune system disorders in infected animals. in this study, the serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines, as well as the histological and cellular constitution of lymphoid organs of pigs infected with asfv genotype ii were investigated. the results showed a high degree of lymphocyte depletion in the lymphoid organs, particularly in the sple ... | 2015 | 25797197 |
| an investigation of classical swine fever virus seroprevalence and risk factors in pigs in east nusa tenggara, eastern indonesia. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is a highly infectious disease of pigs. it has had significant impacts on east nusa tenggara, eastern indonesia since its introduction in 1997. in spite of its importance to this region, little is known about its seroprevalence and distribution, and pig-level and farmer-level factors that may have an impact on the serological status of an individual pig. to address this knowledge deficit, a cross-sectional seroprevalence survey was conducted in 2010 involving 2 ... | 2015 | 25792334 |
| exposure of extensively farmed wild boars (sus scrofa scrofa) to selected pig pathogens in greece. | increased density and distribution of wild boar populations are likely to promote interactions and transmission of certain pathogens, not only among wild boar but also from wild boar to livestock or humans and vice versa. | 2015 | 25774434 |
| a dark-to-bright reporter cell for classical swine fever virus infection. | current methods to quantitate classical swine fever virus (csfv) infectivity in cell culture are time-consuming and labor-intensive. this study described the generation of a dark-to-bright fluorescent reporter cells to facilitate in vitro studies of csfv infection and replication. this assay was based on a novel reporter cell stably expressing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (egfp) fused in-frame to a quenching peptide via a special recognition sequence of the csfv ns3 protease. chromopho ... | 2015 | 25746332 |
| annexin 2 is a host protein binding to classical swine fever virus e2 glycoprotein and promoting viral growth in pk-15 cells. | glycoprotein e2 of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is a key determinant and major immunogen for viral entry and immunity, but little is known about its interaction with host proteins. in a previous study, we showed by proteomic analysis that cellular membrane protein annexin 2 (anx2) was up-regulated in pk-15 cells following csfv infection, but its function in csfv replication remains unknown. in the present study we observed the interaction of anx2 with csfv e2 following infection of pk-15 c ... | 2015 | 25701745 |
| the laminin receptor is a cellular attachment receptor for classical swine fever virus. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is the causative agent of classical swine fever (csf), a highly contagious, economically important viral disease in many countries. the e(rns) and e2 envelope glycoproteins are responsible for the binding to and entry into the host cell by csfv. to date, only one cellular receptor, heparan sulfate (hs), has been identified as being involved in csfv attachment. hs is also present on the surface of various cells that are nonpermissive to csfv. hence, there must b ... | 2015 | 25694590 |
| immunization of african indigenous pigs with attenuated genotype i african swine fever virus ourt88/3 induces protection against challenge with virulent strains of genotype i. | the attenuated african swine fever virus genotype i strain ourt88/3 has previously been shown to induce protection of european breeds of domestic pigs against challenge with virulent isolates. to determine whether protective immune responses could also be induced in indigenous breeds of pigs from the kinshassa region in democratic republic of congo, we immunized a group of eight pigs with ourt88/3 strain and challenged the pigs 3 weeks later with virulent genotype i strain ourt88/1. four of the ... | 2016 | 25691347 |
| african swine fever virus infects macrophages, the natural host cells, via clathrin- and cholesterol-dependent endocytosis. | the main cellular target for african swine fever virus (asfv) is the porcine macrophage. however, existing data about the early phases of infection were previously characterized in non-leukocyte cells such as vero cells. here, we report that asfv enters the natural host cell using dynamin-dependent and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. this pathway is strongly ph-dependent during the first steps of infection in porcine macrophages. we investigated the effect of drugs inhibiting several endocytic pa ... | 2015 | 25662020 |
| analysis of a pair of end+ and end- viruses derived from the same bovine viral diarrhea virus stock reveals the amino acid determinants in npro responsible for inhibition of type i interferon production. | the exaltation of newcastle disease virus (end) phenomenon is induced by the inhibition of type i interferon in pestivirus-infected cells in vitro, via proteasomal degradation of cellular interferon regulatory factor (irf)-3 with the property of the viral autoprotease protein n(pro). reportedly, the amino acid residues in the zinc-binding trash motif of n(pro) determine the difference in characteristics between end-phenomenon-positive (end(+)) and end-phenomenon-negative (end(-)) classical swine ... | 2014 | 25648277 |
| comparative analysis of the complete genome sequences of kenyan african swine fever virus isolates within p72 genotypes ix and x. | twelve complete african swine fever virus (asfv) genome sequences are currently publicly available and these include only one sequence from east africa. we describe genome sequencing and annotation of a recent pig-derived p72 genotype ix, and a tick-derived genotype x isolate from kenya using the illumina platform and comparison with the kenya 1950 isolate. the three genomes constitute a cluster that was phylogenetically distinct from other asfv genomes, but 98-99 % conserved within the group. v ... | 2015 | 25645905 |
| insulated isothermal reverse transcriptase pcr (iirt-pcr) for rapid and sensitive detection of classical swine fever virus. | classical swine fever (csf) is an oie-listed disease that can have a severe impact on the swine industry. user-friendly, sensitive, rapid diagnostic tests that utilize low-cost field-deployable instruments for csf diagnosis can be useful for disease surveillance and outbreak monitoring. in this study, we describe validation of a new probe-based insulated isothermal reverse transcriptase pcr (iirt-pcr) assay for rapid detection of classical swine fever virus (csfv) on a compact, user-friendly dev ... | 2016 | 25644051 |
| comparative analysis of african swine fever virus genotypes and serogroups. | african swine fever virus (asfv) causes highly lethal hemorrhagic disease among pigs, and asfv's extreme antigenic diversity hinders vaccine development. we show that p72 asfv phylogenetic analysis does not accurately define asfv hemadsorption inhibition assay serogroups. thus, conventional asfv genotyping cannot discriminate between viruses of different virulence or predict efficacy of a specific asfv vaccine. | 2015 | 25625574 |
| complete genome sequence of classical swine fever virus subgenogroup 2.1 from assam, india. | we report the complete genome sequence of a classical swine fever virus (genogroup 2.1), isolated from an outbreak in assam, india. this particular isolate showed a high degree of genetic variation within the subgenogroup 2.1 and may serve as a potential reference strain of the 2.1 genogroup of classical swine fever virus (csfv) in the indian subcontinent. | 2015 | 25614559 |
| annexin a2 is involved in the production of classical swine fever virus infectious particles. | annexin a2 (anxa2) is an important host factor regulating several key processes in many viruses. to evaluate the potential involvement of anxa2 in the life cycle of classical swine fever virus (csfv), an rna interference (rnai) approach was utilized. knockdown of anxa2 did not impair csfv rna replication but significantly reduced csfv production. a comparable reduction of extracellular and intracellular infectivity levels was detected, indicating that anxa2 might play a role in csfv assembly rat ... | 2015 | 25593157 |
| homologous recombination in pestiviruses: identification of three putative novel events between different subtypes/genogroups. | viruses from the genus pestivirus of the family flaviviridae have a non-segmented, single-stranded rna genome and can cause diseases in animals from the order artiodactyla. homologous recombination is rarely reported in this virus family. to detect possible recombination events, all complete pestivirus genomes that are available in genbank were screened using distinct algorithms to detect genetic conversions and incongruent phylogenies. three putative recombinant viruses derived from recombinati ... | 2015 | 25562124 |
| porcine complement regulatory protein cd46 and heparan sulfates are the major factors for classical swine fever virus attachment in vitro. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is the causative agent of a severe multi-systemic disease of pigs. while several aspects of virus-host-interaction are known, the early steps of infection remain unclear. for the closely related bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), a cellular receptor is known: bovine complement regulatory protein cd46. given that these two pestiviruses are closely related, porcine cd46 is also a candidate receptor for csfv. in addition to cd46, cell-culture-adapted csfv strains ... | 2015 | 25559665 |
| molecular characterization of e2 glycoprotein of classical swine fever virus: adaptation and propagation in porcine kidney cells. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is the causative agent of a highly contagious disease, hog cholera in pigs. the disease is endemic in many parts of the world, and vaccination is the only way to protect the animals from csfv infection. the lapinized vaccine strains are occasionally not protective because of animal to animal passage, inadequate vaccination strategy, suboptimal vaccine dose, and emergence of new variants. the surface glycoprotein e2 of csfv is a major antigenic determinant and c ... | 2015 | 25552311 |
| genetic features of a translation initiation system composed of ires element, nucleotide context surrounding the initiation codon, and translation initiation region of classical swine fever virus rna. | nucleotide and codon usage are typically examined to investigate viral evolution. in this study, we analyzed the genetic information of 46 strains of classical swine fever virus (csfv) rna, nucleotide usage in the internal ribosome entry site (ires), the nucleotide context surrounding the initiation codon, and synonymous codon usage in the translation initiation region. phylogenetic analysis of the ires element indicated that the genetic diversity of this element is generally similar to the phyl ... | 2014 | 25526200 |
| african swine fever virus cd2v and c-type lectin gene loci mediate serological specificity. | african swine fever (asf) is an emerging disease threat for the swine industry worldwide. no asf vaccine is available and progress is hindered by lack of knowledge concerning the extent of asf virus (asfv) strain diversity and the viral antigens responsible for protection in the pig. available data from vaccination/challenge experiments in pigs indicate asf protective immunity is haemadsorption inhibition (hai) serotype-specific. a better understanding of asfv hai serological groups and their di ... | 2015 | 25524164 |
| studying classical swine fever virus: making the best of a bad virus. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious and often fatal disease that affects domestic pigs and wild boars. outbreak of csf can cause heavy economic losses to the pig industry. the strategies to prevent, control and eradicate csf disease are based on containing the disease through a systematic prophylactic vaccination policy and a non-vaccination stamping-out policy. the quest for prevention, control and eradication of csf has moved research forward in academia and industry, and has pr ... | 2015 | 25510481 |
| the progressive adaptation of a georgian isolate of african swine fever virus to vero cells leads to a gradual attenuation of virulence in swine corresponding to major modifications of the viral genome. | african swine fever virus (asfv) causes a contagious and often lethal disease of feral and domestic swine. experimental vaccines derived from naturally occurring, genetically modified, or cell culture-adapted asfv have been evaluated, but no commercial vaccine is available to control african swine fever (asf). we report here the genotypic and phenotypic analysis of viruses obtained at different passages during the process of adaptation of a virulent asfv field isolate from the republic of georgi ... | 2015 | 25505073 |
| differential detection of classical swine fever virus challenge strains in c-strain vaccinated pigs. | control of classical swine fever (csf) by vaccination ideally requires that field strain infection can be detected irrespective of the vaccination status of the herd. to inform on the usefulness of molecular tests compatible with genetic differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals (diva) principles when using live-attenuated vaccines, tonsil homogenates from a vaccination-challenge experiment were analyzed using a differential real-time qrt-pcr for the c-strain vaccine or real-time qrt-p ... | 2014 | 25495277 |
| virus-like particles of chimeric recombinant porcine circovirus type 2 as antigen vehicle carrying foreign epitopes. | virus-like particles (vlps) of chimeric porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) were generated by replacing the nuclear localization signal (nls; at 1-39 aa) of pcv2 capsid protein (cap) with classical swine fever virus (csfv) t-cell epitope (1446-1460 aa), csfv b-cell epitope (693-716 aa) and csfv t-cell epitope conjugated with b-cell epitope. the recombinant proteins were expressed using the baculovirus expression system and detected by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence assay. the abilit ... | 2014 | 25490764 |
| investigation into the epidemiology of african swine fever virus at the wildlife - domestic interface of the gorongosa national park, central mozambique. | an epidemiological study of african swine fever (asf) was conducted between march 2006 and september 2007 in a rural area adjacent to the gorongosa national park (gnp) located in the central mozambique. domestic pigs and warthogs were sampled to determine the prevalence of antibodies against asf virus and the salivary antigens of ornithodoros spp. ticks, while ticks collected from pig pens were tested for the presence of asfv. in addition, 310 framers were interviewed to gain a better understand ... | 2016 | 25483914 |
| toxicity to the hematopoietic and lymphoid organs of piglets treated with a therapeutic dose of florfenicol. | florfenicol (flo) is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent for treatment of bacteriosis of piglets in veterinary practice. to study the toxicity to the hematopoietic and lymphoid organs of piglets treated with a therapeutic dose of flo, 20 healthy weaned piglets were selected and randomly divided into two groups. piglets in the flo group were fed with fodder supplemented with 30mg/kg bw of flo twice a day for 10 days. blood samples were drawn at four time points: 1 day before flo administration a ... | 2014 | 25467888 |
| quantification of different classical swine fever virus transmission routes within a single compartment. | during outbreaks of classical swine fever (csf), csf virus (csfv) can be transmitted via different routes. understanding these transmission routes is crucial in preventing the unlimited spread of the virus in a naïve population, and the subsequent eradication of the virus from that population. the objectives of the present study were to quantify virus transmission within a compartment, differentiating between transmission within a pen, transmission between pens via contact through (open) pen par ... | 2014 | 25465177 |
| african swine fever virus orf p1192r codes for a functional type ii dna topoisomerase. | topoisomerases modulate the topological state of dna during processes, such as replication and transcription, that cause overwinding and/or underwinding of the dna. african swine fever virus (asfv) is a nucleo-cytoplasmic double-stranded dna virus shown to contain an ofr (p1192r) with homology to type ii topoisomerases. here we observed that pp1192r is highly conserved among asfv isolates but dissimilar from other viral, prokaryotic or eukaryotic type ii topoisomerases. in both asfv/ba71v-infect ... | 2015 | 25463606 |
| development of an improved live attenuated antigenic marker csf vaccine strain candidate with an increased genetic stability. | controlling classical swine fever (csf) involves vaccination in endemic regions and preemptive slaughter of infected swine herds during epidemics. live attenuated marker vaccines that confer effective protection against the disease and allow differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals (diva) could impact csf control policies. previously, we reported the development of flagt4 virus (flagt4v), a rationally designed live attenuated marker vaccine. during its vaccine assessment, flagt4v ... | 2014 | 25461526 |
| effects of the nuclear localization of the n(pro) protein of classical swine fever virus on its virulence in pigs. | the n(pro) protein of classical swine fever virus (csfv) is localized in the cytoplasm and nucleus. however, it is unknown whether the nuclear localization of n(pro) correlates with the virulence of csfv in the host. previously, we showed that the n(pro) protein fused with interferon regulatory factor 3 (irf3) was present only in the cytoplasm. here, we generated and evaluated a recombinant csfv vsm-irf3 harboring the irf3 gene inserted into the n(pro) gene of the highly virulent csfv shimen str ... | 2014 | 25457365 |
| alternative sampling strategies for passive classical and african swine fever surveillance in wild boar--extension towards african swine fever virus antibody detection. | 2014 | 25448452 | |
| glycoprotein e2 of classical swine fever virus expressed by baculovirus induces the protective immune responses in rabbits. | classical swine fever (csf) caused by csf virus (csfv) is a highly contagious and devastating disease that affects the pig industry worldwide. the glycoprotein e2 of csfv is the principal immunogenic protein that induces neutralizing antibodies and protective immunity. several csfv genotypes, including 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3, have been identified in mainland china. the glycoprotein e2 of genotypes 1.1 and 2.1 was expressed by using a baculovirus system and tested for its protective immunity in r ... | 2014 | 25446823 |
| classical swine fever virus induces oxidative stress in swine umbilical vein endothelial cells. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) infection causes significant losses of pigs, which is characterized by hemorrhage, disseminated intravascular coagulation and leucopenia. the swine vascular endothelial cell is a primary target cell for csfv. the aim of this study was to determine the role of csfv infection in inducing oxidative stress (os) in vascular endothelial cells. | 2014 | 25439655 |
| tree imbalance causes a bias in phylogenetic estimation of evolutionary timescales using heterochronous sequences. | phylogenetic estimation of evolutionary timescales has become routine in biology, forming the basis of a wide range of evolutionary and ecological studies. however, there are various sources of bias that can affect these estimates. we investigated whether tree imbalance, a property that is commonly observed in phylogenetic trees, can lead to reduced accuracy or precision of phylogenetic timescale estimates. we analysed simulated data sets with calibrations at internal nodes and at the tips, taki ... | 2015 | 25431227 |
| classical swine fever in wild hog: report of its prevalence in northeast india. | classical swine fever virus (csfv) is the causative agent of a highly contagious disease, hog cholera in pigs. the disease is endemic in many parts of the world and vaccination is the only way to protect the animals from csfv infection. wild hogs belong to the species sus scrofa cristatus under the family suidae are quite susceptible to csfv infection. the epidemiological role concerning classical swine fever (csf) in india is largely unknown. we report here the three isolated cases of csf in wi ... | 2016 | 25430917 |
| african swine fever diagnosis adapted to tropical conditions by the use of dried-blood filter papers. | the performance of whatman 3-mm filter papers for the collection, drying, shipment and long-term storage of blood at ambient temperature, and for the detection of african swine fever virus and antibodies was assessed. conventional and real-time pcr, viral isolation and antibody detection by elisa were performed on paired samples (blood/tissue versus dried-blood 3-mm filter papers) collected from experimentally infected pigs and from farm pigs in madagascar and côte d'ivoire. 3-mm filter papers w ... | 2016 | 25430732 |
| the medical and veterinary role of ornithodoros erraticus complex ticks (acari: ixodida) on the iberian peninsula. | argasid ticks of the ornithodoros erraticus complex are associated with traditional pig-farming practices on the iberian peninsula and are also found elsewhere in north africa, west africa, and western asia. the ticks associated with pig farming on the iberian peninsula are the only biological vectors of african swine fever virus (asfv) known to occur in europe, and their ecology makes them an extremely effective reservoir of both asfv and the borrelia species which cause tick-borne relapsing fe ... | 2014 | 25424252 |
| production of transgenic pigs over-expressing the antiviral gene mx1. | the myxovirus resistance gene (mx1) has a broad spectrum of antiviral activities. it is therefore an interesting candidate gene to improve disease resistance in farm animals. in this study, we report the use of somatic cell nuclear transfer (scnt) to produce transgenic pigs over-expressing the mx1 gene. these transgenic pigs express approximately 15-25 times more mx1 mrna than non-transgenic pigs, and the protein level of mx1 was also markedly enhanced. we challenged fibroblast cells isolated fr ... | 2014 | 25408889 |
| related strains of african swine fever virus with different virulence: genome comparison and analysis. | two strains of african swine fever virus (asfv), the high-virulence lisboa60 (l60) and the low-virulence nh/p68 (nhv), which have previously been used in effective immunization/protection studies, were sequenced. both were isolated in portugal during the 11-year period after the introduction of asfv to the european continent in 1957. the predicted proteins coded by both strains were compared, and where differences were found these were also compared to other strains of known virulence. this high ... | 2015 | 25406173 |
| in situ hybridization with labeled probes: assessment of african swine fever virus in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. | in situ hybridization (ish) has become a very valuable molecular diagnostic tool to detect specific dna or rna sequences in biological samples through the use of complementary dna- or rna-labeled probes. here, we describe an optimized in situ hybridization protocol to detect african swine fever virus (asfv) dna in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues using digoxigenin-labeled probes. | 2015 | 25399099 |
| pestiviruses. | pestiviruses cause economically important diseases among domestic ruminants and pigs, but they may also infect a wide spectrum of wild species of even-toed ungulates (artiodactyla). bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) and border disease virus of sheep infect their hosts either transiently or persistently. cellular and humoral immunotolerance to the infecting strain is a unique feature of persistent infection (pi) by ruminant pestiviruses. persistence, caused by transplacental infection early in f ... | 2014 | 25384138 |
| differentiation of classical swine fever virus infection from cp7_e2alf marker vaccination by a multiplex microsphere immunoassay. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious viral disease of pigs that has a tremendous socioeconomic impact. vaccines are available for disease control. however, most industrialized countries are implementing stamping-out strategies to eliminate the disease and avoid trade restrictions. these restrictions can be avoided through the use of marker vaccines such as cp7_e2alf. marker vaccines have to be accompanied by reliable and robust discriminatory assays. in this context, a multiplex mi ... | 2015 | 25378351 |
| the epitope recognized by monoclonal antibody 2b6 in the b/c domains of classical swine fever virus glycoprotein e2 affects viral binding to hyperimmune sera and replication. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly contagious disease of pigs caused by csf virus (csfv). e2 is the major viral envelope protein of immune dominance that induces neutralizing antibodies and confers protection against csfv infection. the b/c domains of e2 are variable among csfv isolates, which could affect immunogenicity and binding to antibodies. we attempted to characterize the epitope recognized by a monoclonal antibody 2b6 (mab-2b6) raised against the e2 b/c domains of the vaccine c-str ... | 2015 | 25370727 |
| emergence of 2.1. subgenotype of classical swine fever virus in pig population of india in 2011. | limited studies are available on molecular epidemiology of classical swine fever virus (csfv) in india and are restricted to domestic pigs. these studies show the presence of 1.1. genotype. | 2014 | 25365116 |
| integrin β3 is required in infection and proliferation of classical swine fever virus. | classical swine fever (csf) is a highly infectious fatal pig disease, resulting in huge economic loss to the swine industry. integrins are membrane-bound signal mediators, expressed on a variety of cell surfaces and are known as receptors or co-receptors for many viruses. however, the role of integrin β3 in csfv infection is unknown. here, through quantitive pcr, immunofluorescence (ifc) and immunocytohistochemistry (icc), we revealed that st (swine testicles epithelial) cells have a prominent a ... | 2014 | 25340775 |
| complete genome sequence of an indian field isolate of classical swine fever virus belonging to subgenotype 1.1. | we report the complete genome sequence of an indian field isolate of classical swine fever virus (csfv) belonging to predominant subgenotype 1.1 prevalent in india. this report will help in understanding the molecular diversity of csfv strains circulating worldwide and to select and develop a suitable vaccine candidate for classical swine fever (csf) control in india. | 2014 | 25278522 |