Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| effect of condom use on per-act hsv-2 transmission risk in hiv-1, hsv-2-discordant couples. | the efficacy of condoms for protection against transmission of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) has been examined in a variety of populations with different effect measures. often the efficacy has been assessed as change in hazard of transmission with consistent vs inconsistent use, independent of the number of acts. condom efficacy has not previously measured on a per-act basis. | 2016 | 26578538 |
| hexagonal-shaped chondroitin sulfate self-assemblies have exalted anti-hsv-2 activity. | the initial step in mucosal infection by the herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) requires its binding to certain glycosaminoglycans naturally present on host cell membranes. we took advantage of this interaction to design biomimetic supramolecular hexagonal-shaped nanoassemblies composed of chondroitin sulfate having exalted anti-hsv-2 activity in comparison with native chondroitin sulfate. nanoassemblies were formed by mixing hydrophobically-modified chondroitin sulfate with α-cyclodextrin in w ... | 2016 | 26572336 |
| a novel hsv-2 subunit vaccine induces gla-dependent cd4 and cd8 t cell responses and protective immunity in mice and guinea pigs. | there is currently no licensed prophylactic or therapeutic vaccine for hsv-2 infection. | 2016 | 26571309 |
| study of the frequency of herpesvirus infections among patients suspected aseptic meningitis in the west of iran. | aseptic meningitis is the most common type of meningitis and is characterized by meningeal inflammation that is not linked to identifiable bacterial pathogens in cerebrospinal fluid (csf). | 2015 | 26568804 |
| predictors of outcome in hsv encephalitis. | this study aims to explore the clinical features, radiological findings, management and the factors influencing prognosis in pcr-confirmed herpes simplex virus encephalitis (hse). this is a retrospective review of consecutive patients diagnosed with hse at mayo clinic, rochester, mn, between january 1995 and december 2013. only hse cases confirmed by pcr were included. univariate and multivariate analysis was used to identify factors associated with good (modified rankin scale of 0-2) or poor ou ... | 2016 | 26568560 |
| high rate of β-globin dna detection validates self-sampling in herpes simplex virus shedding studies. | self-sampling is a convenient, feasible, and acceptable way of collecting genital specimens, but the veracity of reported self-collection is difficult to verify. we investigated whether a host gene, β-globin, can be used to confirm adequacy of self-collected mucosal and skin genital specimens in studies of genital herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection. | 2015 | 26562701 |
| current concepts for genital herpes simplex virus infection: diagnostics and pathogenesis of genital tract shedding. | herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) is a dna virus that is efficiently transmitted through intimate genital tract contact and causes persistent infection that cannot be eliminated. hsv-2 may cause frequent, symptomatic self-limited genital ulcers, but in most persons infection is subclinical. however, recent studies have demonstrated that the virus is frequently shed from genital surfaces even in the absence of signs or symptoms of clinical disease and that the virus can be transmitted during these p ... | 2016 | 26561565 |
| a herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) gd mutant impaired for neural tropism is superior to an hsv-2 gd subunit vaccine to protect animals from challenge with hsv-2. | a recent phase 3 trial with soluble herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) glycoprotein d (gd2t) in adjuvant failed to show protection against genital herpes. we postulated that live attenuated hsv-2 would provide more hsv antigens for induction of virus-specific antibodies and cellular immunity than would gd2t. we previously reported an hsv-2 mutant, hsv2-gd27, in which the nectin-1 binding domain of gd2 is altered so that the virus is impaired for infecting neural cells, but not epithelial cells, in v ... | 2015 | 26559846 |
| herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 mediate species-specific modulations of programmed necrosis through the viral ribonucleotide reductase large subunit r1. | receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (rip3) and its substrate mixed-lineage kinase domain-like protein (mlkl) are core regulators of programmed necrosis. the elimination of pathogen-infected cells by programmed necrosis acts as an important host defense mechanism. here, we report that human herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 had opposite impacts on programmed necrosis in human cells versus their impacts in mouse cells. similar to hsv-1, hsv-2 infection triggered programmed necrosis in mou ... | 2015 | 26559832 |
| seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus infection in hiv coinfected individuals in eastern india with risk factor analysis. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is the cause of most genital herpes while hsv-1 is responsible for orolabial and facial lesions. in immunocompromised individuals, like hiv patients, impaired immunity leads to more frequent symptomatic and asymptomatic hsv infection. fifty-two blood samples from hiv patients with clinically diagnosed hsv infection were taken as cases, while 45 blood samples each from hiv-infected (hiv control) and noninfected patients without any herpetic lesion (non-hiv cont ... | 2015 | 26557849 |
| the "knife-cut sign" revisited: a distinctive presentation of linear erosive herpes simplex virus infection in immunocompromised patients. | the "knife-cut sign" is a distinctive presentation of linear erosive herpes simplex virus infection in immunocompromised patients. | 2015 | 26557219 |
| gene expression profiles from disease discordant twins suggest shared antiviral pathways and viral exposures among multiple systemic autoimmune diseases. | viral agents are of interest as possible autoimmune triggers due to prior reported associations and widely studied molecular mechanisms of antiviral immune responses in autoimmunity. here we examined new viral candidates for the initiation and/or promotion of systemic autoimmune diseases (said), as well as possible related signaling pathways shared in the pathogenesis of those disorders. rna isolated from peripheral blood samples from 33 twins discordant for said and 33 matched, unrelated health ... | 2015 | 26556803 |
| simultaneous quantification of the 8 human herpesviruses in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. | human herpesviruses may cause severe complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct). however, the impact of some of these infections on transplant outcomes is still unclear. a prospective survey on the incidence and clinical features of herpesviruses infections after hsct has not yet been conducted in brazilian patients, and the impact of these infections on hsct outcome remains unclear. | 2016 | 26555946 |
| herpes simplex virus downregulation of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor enhances human papillomavirus type 16 infection. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) was originally implicated in the aetiology of cervical cancer, and although high-risk human papillomavirus (hpv) is now the accepted causative agent, the epidemiological link between hsv and hpv-associated cancers persists. the annexin a2 heterotetramer (a2t) has been shown to mediate infectious hpv type 16 (hpv16) uptake by human keratinocytes, and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (slpi), an endogenous a2t ligand, inhibits hpv16 uptake and infection. interesting ... | 2016 | 26555393 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 encephalitis as a cause of ischemic stroke: case report and systematic review of the literature. | our objective is to describe a patient who developed an ischemic stroke as a complication of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) encephalitis and to review the literature. | 2016 | 26542825 |
| multiplex pcr testing for nine different sexually transmitted infections. | current sexually transmitted infection (sti) testing is not optimal due to delays in reporting or missed diagnoses due to a lack of comprehensive testing. the filmarray® (biofire diagnostics, llc, salt lake city, utah) is a user-friendly, fully automated, multiplex pcr system that is being developed for rapid point-of-care use. a research-use-only sti panel including multiple pcr primer sets for each organism was designed to detect chlamydia trachomatis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, treponema pallidum ... | 2016 | 26538551 |
| herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus: recent advances in therapy. | the mainstay of antiviral therapy for the alpha-herpesviruses [herpes simplex virus (hsv)-1, hsv-2, and varicella zoster virus (vzv)] over the past 40 years has been the nucleoside analogues such as aciclovir. although conventional antiviral therapy has reduced mortality in severe disease, novel agents are needed to address the emergence of resistance and toxicity associated with current second-line therapy. treatment and prophylaxis of vzv and hsv reactivations remains a challenge. | 2015 | 26524331 |
| global and regional estimates of prevalent and incident herpes simplex virus type 1 infections in 2012. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) commonly causes orolabial ulcers, while hsv-2 commonly causes genital ulcers. however, hsv-1 is an increasing cause of genital infection. previously, the world health organization estimated the global burden of hsv-2 for 2003 and for 2012. the global burden of hsv-1 has not been estimated. | 2015 | 26510007 |
| detection of virus in csf from the cases with meningoencephalitis by next-generation sequencing. | we screened for viral dna in cerebrospinal fluid samples using next-generation sequencing (ngs) technology to diagnose cns viral infections. we collected csf samples from four cases with clinically suspected viral meningoencephalitis. dna extracted from the samples was analyzed with ngs, and the results were further validated using pcr. herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) was detected in the csf of two patients, hsv-2 and human herpes virus type 3 (hhv-3, vzv) in the csf of two other patients separat ... | 2016 | 26506841 |
| induction of interferon-λ contributes to tlr3 and rig-i activation-mediated inhibition of herpes simplex virus type 2 replication in human cervical epithelial cells. | is it possible to immunologically activate human cervical epithelial cells to produce antiviral factors that inhibit herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) replication? | 2015 | 26502803 |
| characterization of a herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) chimera in which the us3 protein kinase gene is replaced with the hsv-2 us3 gene. | us3 protein kinases encoded by herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) and 2 (hsv-2) play important roles in viral replication and pathogenicity. to investigate type-specific differences between hsv-1 us3 and hsv-2 us3 in cells infected by viruses with all the same viral gene products except for their us3 kinases, we constructed and characterized a recombinant hsv-1 in which its us3 gene was replaced with the hsv-2 us3 gene. replacement of hsv-1 us3 with hsv-2 us3 had no apparent effect on viral growth i ... | 2015 | 26491159 |
| functional characterization of glycoprotein h chimeras composed of conserved domains of the pseudorabies virus and herpes simplex virus 1 homologs. | membrane fusion is indispensable for entry of enveloped viruses into host cells. the conserved core fusion machinery of the herpesviridae consists of glycoprotein b (gb) and the gh/gl complex. recently, crystal structures of gh/gl of herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) and epstein-barr virus and of a core fragment of pseudorabies virus (prv) gh identified four structurally conserved gh domains. to investigate functional conservation, chimeric genes encoding combinations of individual domains of prv a ... | 2015 | 26491153 |
| genital herpes simplex virus type 2 shedding among adults with and without hiv infection in uganda. | despite the high prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) in sub-saharan africa, the natural history of infection among africans is not well characterized. we evaluated the frequency of genital hsv shedding in hiv-seropositive and hiv-seronegative men and women in uganda. | 2016 | 26486633 |
| anti-cytokine autoantibodies in postherpetic neuralgia. | the mechanisms by which varicella zoster virus (vzv) reactivation causes postherpetic neuralgia (phn), a debilitating chronic pain condition, have not been fully elucidated. based on previous studies identifying a causative role for anti-cytokine autoantibodies in patients with opportunistic infections, we explored this possibility in phn. | 2015 | 26482341 |
| herpes viruses and human papilloma virus in nasal polyposis and controls. | chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is a multifactorial disease entity with an unclear pathogenesis. contradictory data exist in the literature on the potential implication of viral elements in adult patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. | 2015 | 26480900 |
| herpes simplex virus type-2 cervicovaginal shedding among women living with hiv-1 and receiving antiretroviral therapy in burkina faso: an 8-year longitudinal study. | the impact of antiretroviral therapy (art) on herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2) replication is unclear. the aim of this study was to assess factors associated with cervicovaginal hsv-2 dna shedding and genital ulcer disease (gud) in a cohort of women living with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (hiv-1) in burkina faso. | 2015 | 26475931 |
| genital infections and risk of premature rupture of membranes in mulago hospital, uganda: a case control study. | inflammatory mediators that weaken and cause membrane rupture are released during the course of genital infections among pregnant women. we set out to determine the association of common genital infections (trichomonas vaginalis, syphilis, neisseria gonorrhea, chlamydia trachomatis, group b streptococcus, bacterial vaginosis, herpes simplex virus type 2 and candidiasis) and premature rupture of membranes in mulago hospital, uganda. | 2015 | 26475265 |
| differences in risk behaviours and hiv/sti prevalence between low-fee and medium-fee female sex workers in three provinces in china. | to better understand risk behaviours and factors associated with low-fee female sex workers (fsw) and support hiv/sexually transmitted infections (sti) epidemic control among this key population in china. | 2016 | 26474599 |
| comparative evaluation of amplivue hsv 1+2 assay with elvis culture for detecting herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 in clinical specimens. | the amplivue hsv 1+2 assay was compared to the elvis hsv id and d(3) typing culture system for the qualitative detection and differentiation of herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 dna in 1,351 cutaneous and mucocutaneous specimens. compared to elvis, amplivue had sensitivities of 95.7 and 97.6% for detecting hsv-1 and hsv-2, respectively. following arbitration of discordant results by an independent molecular method, the amplivue assay had a resolved sensitivity and specificity of 99.2 and ... | 2015 | 26468497 |
| hiv infection in u.s. household population aged 18-59: data from the national health and nutrition examination survey, 2007-2012. | this report presents estimates of hiv prevalence, the association of hiv status with key risk factors, and the prevalence of antiretroviral drug use among hiv-infected adults, based on the 2007–2012 national health and nutrition examination survey (nhanes). | 2015 | 26460726 |
| the combined risks of reduced or increased function variants in cell death pathway genes differentially influence cervical cancer risk and herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among black africans and the mixed ancestry population of south africa. | cervical cancer is one of the most important cancers worldwide with a high incident and mortality rate and is caused by the human papilloma virus (hpv). among sexually active women who get infected with human papillomavirus (hpv), a small fraction progresses to cervical cancer disease pointing to possible roles of additional risk factors in development of the disease which include host genetic factors and other infections such as hsv-2. since cellular apoptosis plays a role in controlling the sp ... | 2015 | 26458812 |
| multiple strokes associated with herpes simplex virus type-2 infection: case report. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) type-2 is known to cause meningitis and usually runs a benign course. association of such infection with vasculitis of the central nervous system is not well known. presented here is a case initially diagnosed as aseptic meningitis that subsequently evolved as stroke and exhibited angiographic evidence of widespread vasculitis of the intracranial vessels in association with a positive polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for hsv-2 in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf). | 2016 | 26443565 |
| database on natural polymorphisms and resistance-related non-synonymous mutations in thymidine kinase and dna polymerase genes of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. | the use of genotypic resistance testing of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) is increasing because the rapid availability of results significantly improves the treatment of severe infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. however, an essential precondition is a broad knowledge of natural polymorphisms and resistance-associated mutations in the thymidine kinase (tk) and dna polymerase (pol) genes, of which the dna polymerase (pol) enzyme is targeted by the highly ef ... | 2016 | 26433780 |
| interferon lambda 4 genotype is not associated with recurrence of oral or genital herpes. | ifnl4-δg/tt (rs368234815) genotype is associated with hepatitis c virus clearance and may play a role in other infections. ifn-λ4 protein is generated only in individuals who carry the ifnl4-δg allele. the ifnl4 rs12979860-t allele, which is in strong linkage disequilibrium with ifnl4-δg, was recently reported to be associated with more frequent and severe oral herpes episodes. we investigated the association of ifnl4-δg/tt with herpes simplex virus (hsv)-related outcomes among 2,192 african ame ... | 2015 | 26431156 |
| a spotty liver of pregnancy. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) hepatitis by definition constitutes disseminated herpes simplex infection; it is rare, with only approximately 130 cases reported in the literature. although hsv hepatitis typically occurs in immunocompromised hosts, pregnancy-especially the third trimester, has been identified as a risk factor for its development. this is likely because of the fact that humoral and cell-mediated immunity decrease throughout pregnancy and nadir in the third trimester with decreased t-c ... | 2017 | 26425623 |
| precision of the kalon herpes simplex virus type 2 igg elisa: an international inter-laboratory assessment. | the commercial kalon hsv-2 igg elisa is currently recommended for research use in sub-saharan africa because of its superior accuracy compared to other serologic assays. however, there are no data on key precision parameters of kalon such as inter-operator variation, repeatability, and reproducibility, thus contributing to a barrier for its acceptance and use in clinical trials in sub-saharan africa. we evaluated the analytical and field precision of the kalon hsv-2 igg elisa. | 2015 | 26423888 |
| pedilanthus tithymaloides inhibits hsv infection by modulating nf-κb signaling. | pedilanthus tithymaloides (pt), a widely used ethnomedicinal plant, has been employed to treat a number of skin conditions. to extend its utility and to fully exploit its medicinal potential, we have evaluated the in vitro antiviral activity of a methanolic extract of pt leaves and its isolated compounds against herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2). bioactivity-guided studies revealed that the extract and one of its constituents, luteolin, had potent antiviral activity against wild-type and clini ... | 2015 | 26405764 |
| genetic diversity within alphaherpesviruses: characterization of a novel variant of herpes simplex virus 2. | very low levels of variability have been reported for the herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) genome. we recently described a new genetic variant of hsv-2 (hsv-2v) characterized by a much higher degree of variability for the ul30 gene (dna polymerase) than observed for the hg52 reference strain. retrospective screening of 505 clinical isolates of hsv-2 by a specific real-time pcr assay targeting the ul30 gene led to the identification of 13 additional hsv-2v isolates, resulting in an overall prevalen ... | 2015 | 26401046 |
| testing for herpes simplex virus in low-volume cerebrospinal fluid samples: comparison of three protocols to optimize detection. | detection of herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) is a medical emergency and requires rapid, sensitive testing. however, the volume of csf received for microbiological studies may be limited, especially from young children. in this study, we compared three testing protocols to our routine real-time pcr method to determine the most sensitive approach for detecting hsv-1 and hsv-2 in low-volume (≤100 μl) csf. | 2015 | 26400783 |
| association of herpes viruses with mild, moderate and severe chronic periodontitis. | periodontal disease is an inflammatory condition of the supporting tissues of the teeth. it is a multi-factorial and multi-etiological infectious disease process. recent evidences shows that human herpes viruses could be putative pathogens. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the association of herpes viruses especially herpes simplex viruses (hsv-1 and 2), epstein-barr virus (ebv) and human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) in patients with chronic periodontitis. | 2015 | 26393126 |
| multipurpose prevention technologies for sexual and reproductive health: mapping global needs for introduction of new preventive products. | worldwide, women face sexual and reproductive health (srh) risks including unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (stis) including hiv. multipurpose prevention technologies (mpts) combine protection against two or more srh risks into one product. male and female condoms are the only currently available mpt products, but several other forms of mpts are in development. we examined the global distribution of selected srh issues to determine where various risks have the greatest ge ... | 2016 | 26385588 |
| painful and multiple anogenital lesions are common in men with treponema pallidum pcr-positive primary syphilis without herpes simplex virus coinfection: a cross-sectional clinic-based study. | chancres, the hallmark of primary syphilis, are classically described as single, painless ulcers at the site of treponema pallidum inoculation. we aimed to determine the frequency of painful or multiple anogenital lesions of primary syphilis among men, whether there was concurrent herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection and whether hiv status altered clinical presentations. | 2016 | 26378262 |
| herpes simplex virus 2 hepatitis in a lung transplant recipient: a diagnostic challenge. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) hepatitis is a rare and serious complication in immunocompromised patients. we report the case of an hsv hepatitis occurring 4 years after lung transplantation in a cystic fibrosis patient. the presentation was nonspecific, mimicking acute cholecystitis; orogenital signs were absent. the diagnosis was made based on viral cultures performed during cholecystectomy and confirmed by blood quantitative polymerase chain reaction. although the diagnosis and treatment were del ... | 2015 | 26370068 |
| griffithsin and carrageenan combination to target herpes simplex virus 2 and human papillomavirus. | extensive preclinical evaluation of griffithsin (grft) has identified this lectin to be a promising broad-spectrum microbicide. we set out to explore the antiviral properties of a grft and carrageenan (cg) combination product against herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) and human papillomavirus (hpv) as well as determine the mechanism of action (moa) of grft against both viruses. we performed the experiments in different cell lines, using time-of-addition and temperature dependence experiments to diff ... | 2015 | 26369967 |
| estimating the total annual direct cost of providing sexually transmitted infection and hiv testing and counseling for men who have sex with men in the united states. | the centers for disease control and prevention recommends annual sexually transmitted infection (sti) and hiv testing and counseling for men who have sex with men (msm) in the united states. we estimated the annual total direct medical cost of providing recommended sti and hiv testing and counseling services for msm in the united states. | 2015 | 26366510 |
| harmine blocks herpes simplex virus infection through downregulating cellular nf-κb and mapk pathways induced by oxidative stress. | herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and -2) are highly prevalent in many populations and therapeutic options are limited. both viruses can establish latency by maintaining viral genomes in neurons of sensory ganglia. primary or recurrent hsv infections may lead to deleterious outcomes: hsv-1 infection may result in corneal blindness and encephalitis and hsv-2 infection leads to herpes genitalis. while no effective vaccine is available, acyclovir is widely used for therapy, which targets an ... | 2015 | 26348003 |
| resistance testing of clinical herpes simplex virus type 2 isolates collected over 4 decades. | there is only little information about the role of mutations of the thymidine kinase (tk) and dna polymerase (pol) genes of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) for the development of antiviral resistance. in this study, the polymorphism of tk and dna pol genes was examined in 82 clinical isolates collected routinely between 1973 and 2013. if novel, presently unclear or resistance-related mutations were found, the resistance phenotype against acyclovir (acv) and foscarnet (fos) was analyzed. the ... | 2015 | 26338148 |
| herpes simplex virus: the interplay between hsv, host, and hiv-1. | herpes simplex virus proteins interact with host (human) proteins and create an environment conducive for its replication. genital ulceration due to herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infections is an important clinical manifestation reported to increase the risk of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) acquisition and replication in hiv-1/hsv-2 coinfection. dampening the innate and adaptive immune responses of the skin-resident dendritic cells, hsv-2 not only helps itself, but creates a ... | 2015 | 26331265 |
| gold magnetic nanoparticle conjugate-based lateral flow assay for the detection of igm class antibodies related to torch infections. | in this study, a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (lfia) system for the detection of immunoglobulin m (igm) antibodies, related to torch [(t)oxoplasmosis, (o)ther agents, (r)ubella (also known as german measles), (c)ytomegalovirus, and (h)erpes simplex virus infections], based on gold magnetic nanoparticles, was established. following modification with poly(methacrylic acid), the gold magnetic nanoparticles conjugated with an anti‑human igm antibody (μ‑chain specific) to construct a prob ... | 2015 | 26329478 |
| is herpes simplex a systemic disease? | orofacial herpes simplex virus infections are usually caused by herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1), and hsv-2 infections have been accepted as a sexually transmitted disease. hsv establishes a latent infection in the dorsal root ganglia of the host and remains there for the rest of life. hsv affects mainly skin and genitalia, although in immunocompromised patients it may cause local infection with vast skin involvement, chronic herpetic ulcers, or widespread mucous membrane damage, as well as system ... | 2015 | 26321402 |
| the epidemiology of herpes simplex virus type-2 infection among pregnant women in rural mysore taluk, india. | objectives. to assess the prevalence and determinants of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infections among pregnant women attending mobile antenatal health clinic in rural villages in mysore taluk, india. methods. between january and september 2009, 487 women from 52 villages participated in this study. each participant consented to provide a blood sample for hsv-2 and hiv testing and underwent an interviewer-administered questionnaire. results. hsv-2 prevalence was 6.7% (95% confidence inter ... | 2013 | 26316964 |
| the role of sexually transmitted infections in hiv-1 progression: a comprehensive review of the literature. | due to shared routes of infection, hiv-infected persons are frequently coinfected with other sexually transmitted infections (stis). studies have demonstrated the bidirectional relationships between hiv and several stis, including herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2), hepatitis b and c viruses, human papilloma virus, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and trichomonas. hiv-1 may affect the clinical presentation, treatment outcome, and progression of stis, such as syphilis, hsv-2, and hepatitis b and c vir ... | 2013 | 26316953 |
| carriage of herpes simplex virus and human papillomavirus in oral mucosa is rare in young women: a long-term prospective follow-up. | following the primary oral infection, herpes simplex virus (hsv) establishes latency in the ganglia of sensory neurons. episodically induced by stress, hsv is able to cause recurrent infection at the primary infection site, accompanied by virus shedding. the oral shedding of hsv contributes to mother-child-transmission of hsv. human papillomavirus (hpv) is associated with oral malignancies, and its interaction with oral hsv should be studied further. | 2015 | 26305821 |
| clinical evaluation of a helicase-dependant amplification (hda)-based commercial assay for the simultaneous detection of hsv-1 and hsv-2. | in this study, we evaluate the performance of a commercial assay, the amplivue hsv 1+2 assay (quidel), which employs hda for the detection of both hsv-1 and hsv-2. the assay was tested on 307 clinical specimens (genital, oral, and dermal). when compared to shell vial virus culture and immunofluorescence typing of hsv, the positive percent agreement and negative percent agreement values were 98.2% and 90.9%, respectively. excellent assay performance was demonstrated. | 2015 | 26302856 |
| relationship between female genital tract infections, mucosal interleukin-17 production and local t helper type 17 cells. | t helper type 17 (th17) cells play an important role in immunity to fungal and bacterial pathogens, although their role in the female genital tract, where exposure to these pathogens is common, is not well understood. we investigated the relationship between female genital tract infections, cervicovaginal interleukin-17 (il-17) concentrations and th17 cell frequencies. forty-two cytokines were measured in cervicovaginal lavages from hiv-uninfected and hiv-infected women. frequencies of th17 cell ... | 2015 | 26302175 |
| correlates to seroprevalent herpes simplex virus type 2 among rural appalachian drug users. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is the most common cause of genital ulcer disease and, along with substance abuse, an important hiv risk factor. therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine hsv-2 seroprevalence in a sample of drug users in rural appalachia. rural appalachian individuals age 18 or older reporting non-medical use of prescription opioids, heroin, crack/cocaine, or methamphetamine in the past 6 months (n = 499) were included. behavioral, demographic, and sexual network da ... | 2016 | 26288383 |
| y chromosome dna in cervicovaginal self-collected samples of childbearing age women: implications for epitheliotropic sexually transmitted infections? | assuming a possible association between y chromosome (yc)-dna and sexually transmitted infection (sti) transmission rate, could yc-dna be related to an increased prevalence of human papillomavirus (hpv), herpes simplex virus (hsv-1/2) and chlamydia trachomatis (ct)? could yc-dna be used to validate self-reported condom use and sexual behaviors? | 2015 | 26281916 |
| sexual minority health disparities in adult men and women in the united states: national health and nutrition examination survey, 2001-2010. | we used nationally representative data to investigate health disparities associated with sexual minority status among adults in the united states. | 2015 | 26270288 |
| seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 and coinfection with hiv and syphilis: the first national seroprevalence survey in saudi arabia. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) infection is one of the most common viral infections worldwide. genital herpes is associated with other sexually transmitted infections (stis) including hiv. data on prevalence of hsv infections and other stis in the kingdom of saudi arabia are limited. | 2015 | 26267880 |
| severe oropharyngitis due to herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in an immunocompetent adult. | 2015 | 26263352 | |
| carbon nanotubes supported tyrosinase in the synthesis of lipophilic hydroxytyrosol and dihydrocaffeoyl catechols with antiviral activity against dna and rna viruses. | hydroxytyrosol and dihydrocaffeoyl catechols with lipophilic properties have been synthesized in high yield using tyrosinase immobilized on multi-walled carbon nanotubes by the layer-by-layer technique. all synthesized catechols were evaluated against a large panel of dna and rna viruses, including poliovirus type 1, echovirus type 9, herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), coxsackievirus type b3 (cox b3), adenovirus type 2 and type 5 and cytomegalovirus (cmv). ... | 2015 | 26260341 |
| [effectiveness of polycationic nanoparticles of polyethyleneimine-polyhydrozide-chitosan (pei-pg-ochg) as a vector for small inter- fering rna, directed to suppress herpes simplex type 2 virus replication]. | evaluation of an antiviral effect of mirna in the nanoparticles of a polycationic compound against mrna of vp16 protein (ul48 gene) of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) in vitro. materials and methods. 50% aqueous solution of polyethyleneimine (bdh, great britain), chitosan, containing approximately 15% of n-acetylated glucosamine chains (sonat, russia), hydrazine-hydrate and other chemical reagents (chimmed, russia); vero continuous cell line, ms hsv-2 virus were used. vero cells were cultiva ... | 2015 | 26259267 |
| semi-parametric spatial joint modeling of hiv and hsv-2 among women in kenya. | several diseases have common risk factors. the joint modeling of disease outcomes within a spatial statistical context may provide more insight on the interaction of diseases both at individual and at regional level. spatial joint modeling allows for studying of the relationship between diseases and also between regions under study. one major approach for joint spatial modeling is the multivariate conditional autoregressive approach. in this approach, it is assumed that all the covariates in the ... | 2015 | 26258939 |
| combination antiretroviral therapy for hiv in rwandan adults: clinical outcomes and impact on reproductive health up to 24 months. | adult women (n = 113) and men (n = 100) initiating combination antiretroviral therapy (cart) and women not yet eligible for cart (n = 199) in kigali, rwanda, were followed for 6-24 months between 2007 and 2010. in the cart groups, 21% of patients required a drug change due to side effects and 11% of patients had virological failure (defined as >1,000 hiv rna copies/ml) after 12 months of cart. about a third of the pregnancies since hiv diagnosis were unintended. the proportion of women in the pr ... | 2015 | 26257954 |
| additionally sulfated xylomannan sulfates from scinaia hatei and their antiviral activities. | herpes simplex viruses (hsvs) display affinity for cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans with biological relevance in virus entry. this study demonstrates the potential of chemically engineered sulfated xylomannans from scinaia hatei as antihsv drug candidate. particularly, a dimethylformamide -so3/pyridine based procedure has been employed for the generation of anionic polysaccharides. this one-step procedure has the power of providing a spectrum of xylomannans with varying molecular masse ... | 2015 | 26256190 |
| seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 in taiwan and risk factor analysis, 2007. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and 2 (hsv-2) are common human pathogens and might cause severe illness. following primary infection, the viruses establish lifelong latent infection and are transmitted by close contact, both sexual and nonsexual. however, the information about the seroprevalence of hsv-1 and hsv-2 across all age groups is limited. | 2015 | 26252011 |
| basal autophagy is required for herpes simplex virus-2 infection. | autophagy is a conserved catabolic process of the cell, which plays an important role in regulating plethora of infections. the role of autophagy in herpes simplex virus-2 (hsv-2) infection is unknown. here, we found that hsv-2 does not allow induction of an autophagic response to infection, but maintains basal autophagy levels mostly unchanged during productive infection. thus, we investigated the importance of basal autophagy for hsv-2 infection, using pharmacological autophagy suppression or ... | 2015 | 26248741 |
| tenofovir gel for the prevention of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection. | globally, herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection is the most common cause of genital ulcer disease. effective prevention strategies for hsv-2 infection are needed to achieve the goals of the world health organization global strategy for the prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections. | 2015 | 26244306 |
| performance evaluation of puritan® universal transport system (unitranz-rt™) for preservation and transport of clinical viruses. | the ability of a non-propagating microbial transport medium to maintain the viability of clinically relevant viruses was compared to a similar commercial medium to establish performance equivalence. two dilutions of stock of test viruses, namely adenovirus (adv), cytomegalovirus (cmv), echovirus type 30 (ev), herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2, influenza a, parainfluenza 3 (piv), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and varicella zoster virus (vzv), were spiked into puritan® medical products ... | 2015 | 26243168 |
| a 15-year study of the impact of community antiretroviral therapy coverage on hiv incidence in kenyan female sex workers. | to test the hypothesis that increasing community antiretroviral therapy (art) coverage would be associated with lower hiv incidence in female sex workers (fsws) in mombasa district, kenya. | 2015 | 26237099 |
| expression and characterization of the gd protein of hsv-2 fused to the tetramerization domain of the transcription factor p53. | the highly immunogenic glycoprotein d (gd) of herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) is a very important element for entry of this virus into host cells. these characteristics have made this protein a very interesting hsv-2 subunit vaccine candidate. despite efforts to prevent genital herpes using gd-based subunit vaccines, to date, clinical trials using this antigen have failed. therefore, using a small animal model, we sought to determine if a tetramerized truncated form of gd subunit vaccine, pr ... | 2015 | 26209556 |
| hsv-2 meningoencephalitis in an immunocompetent young man: what is the pathogenesis and what is the treatment? | herpes simplex encephalitis is rarely caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) after the neonatal period. the pathogenesis of hsv-2 encephalitis is not known and its treatment has not been discussed. we report a case of mild meningoencephalitis secondary to hsv-2 primary infection after sexual risk behaviour in a healthy young man. the diagnosis was established upon clinical, biological and electroencephalographic criteria. aciclovir treatment led to rapid clinical improvement. this case hi ... | 2015 | 26209376 |
| lack of association between herpesvirus detection in saliva and gingivitis in hiv‑infected children. | the aims of this study were to compare the detection of human herpesviruses (hhvs) in the saliva of hiv-infected and healthy control children, and to evaluate associations between viral infection and gingivitis and immunodeficiency. saliva samples were collected from 48 hiv-infected and 48 healthy control children. clinical and laboratory data were collected during dental visits and from medical records. a trained dentist determined gingival indices and extension of gingivitis. saliva samples we ... | 2015 | 26200962 |
| seminal shedding of cmv and hiv transmission among men who have sex with men. | as in many urban areas in the united states, the largest burden of the hiv epidemic in san diego is borne by men who have sex with men (msm). using data from well-characterized hiv transmitting and non-transmitting partner pairs of msm in san diego, we calculated the population attributable risk (par) of hiv transmissions for different co-infections common among msm in this area. we found that over a third of hiv transmissions could be potentially attributed to genital shedding of cytomegaloviru ... | 2015 | 26198239 |
| identification of ribonucleotide reductase mutation causing temperature-sensitivity of herpes simplex virus isolates from whitlow by deep sequencing. | herpes simplex virus 2 caused a genital ulcer, and a secondary herpetic whitlow appeared during acyclovir therapy. the secondary and recurrent whitlow isolates were acyclovir-resistant and temperature-sensitive in contrast to a genital isolate. we identified the ribonucleotide reductase mutation responsible for temperature-sensitivity by deep-sequencing analysis. | 2015 | 26185649 |
| alginate microbead-encapsulated silver complexes for selective delivery of broad-spectrum silver-based microbicides. | in sub-saharan africa, human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infections are predominantly acquired via heterosexual contact, and women are at greatest risk of being infected. this region also has the highest rates of sexually transmitted infections (stis) per capita worldwide; stis are strongly associated with increased hiv transmission. therefore, there is an urgent requirement for microbicides that are active against hiv and stis. silver compounds exhibit broad antimicrobial activity, making them ... | 2015 | 26184337 |
| icacinlactone h and icacintrichantholide from the tuber of icacina trichantha. | the 17-norpimarane diterpene is a small group of natural products. a new member, icacinlactone h (1), and a new rearranged 17-norpimarane with an unprecedented carbon skeleton, icacintrichantholide (2), were isolated from icacina trichantha. their structures including the absolute configuration were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, single-crystal x-ray diffraction, and electronic circular dichroism analysis. a plausible biogenetic pathway for 1 and 2 is proposed. both 1 and 2 showed no sign ... | 2015 | 26183449 |
| disseminated primary herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in a 22-year-old male. | we present a case of primary disseminated herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) cutaneous disease in a 22-year-old male. we discuss the immune response to hsv-2 infection as well as the extragenital manifestations of hsv-2 observed in immune-competent and immune-suppressed persons. | 2015 | 26180838 |
| the telomerase inhibitor mst-312 interferes with multiple steps in the herpes simplex virus life cycle. | the life cycle of herpes simplex virus (hsv) has the potential to be further manipulated to yield novel, more effective therapeutic treatments. recent research has demonstrated that hsv-1 can increase telomerase activity and that expression of the catalytic component of telomerase, telomerase reverse transcriptase (tert), alters sensitivity to hsv-dependent apoptosis. telomerase is a cellular enzyme that synthesizes nucleotide repeats at the ends of chromosomes (telomeres), which prevents shorte ... | 2015 | 26178994 |
| efficacy of the herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) glycoprotein d/as04 vaccine against genital hsv-2 and hsv-1 infection and disease in the cotton rat sigmodon hispidus model. | subunit vaccines based on the herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) glycoprotein d (gd-2) have been the major focus of hsv-2 vaccine development for the past 2 decades. based on the promising data generated in the guinea pig model, a formulation containing truncated gd-2, aluminum salt, and mpl (gd/as04) advanced to clinical trials. the results of these trials, however, were unexpected, as the vaccine protected against hsv-1 infection but not against hsv-2. to address this discrepancy, we developed a d ... | 2015 | 26178984 |
| herpes simplex virus type 2 infection induces ad-like neurodegeneration markers in human neuroblastoma cells. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2 are neurotropic viruses that establish lifelong latent infections in neurons. mounting evidence suggests that hsv-1 infection is involved in the pathogenesis of alzheimer's disease (ad). the relationships between other herpesvirus infections and events associated with neurodegeneration have not, however, been extensively studied. the present work reports that hsv-2 infection leads to the strong accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau and the amyloid-β pep ... | 2015 | 26163986 |
| cellphone-based hand-held microplate reader for point-of-care testing of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. | standard microplate based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) are widely utilized for various nanomedicine, molecular sensing, and disease screening applications, and this multiwell plate batched analysis dramatically reduces diagnosis costs per patient compared to nonbatched or nonstandard tests. however, their use in resource-limited and field-settings is inhibited by the necessity for relatively large and expensive readout instruments. to mitigate this problem, we created a hand-held a ... | 2015 | 26159546 |
| the vaginal acquisition and dissemination of hiv-1 infection in a novel transgenic mouse model is facilitated by coinfection with herpes simplex virus 2 and is inhibited by microbicide treatment. | epidemiological studies have demonstrated that herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) infection significantly increases the risk of hiv-1 acquisition, thereby contributing to the expanding hiv-1 epidemic. to investigate whether hsv-2 infection directly facilitates mucosal hiv-1 acquisition, we used our transgenic hcd4/r5/ct1 mouse model which circumvents major entry and transcription blocks preventing murine hiv-1 infection by targeting transgenic expression of human cd4, ccr5, and cyclin t1 genes to cd ... | 2015 | 26157126 |
| antiherpes evaluation of soybean isoflavonoids. | the antiviral effects of soybean isoflavonoids have been investigated recently, especially those of genistein. it has been reported that this isoflavone is able to inhibit herpes simplex virus (hsv) replication, which is associated with skin and epithelial mucosa infections. the treatment of these infections with antiherpes drugs has resulted in the emergence of resistant viral strains. based on this evidence, the aim of this study was to investigate the anti-hsv effects of soybean isoflavonoids ... | 2015 | 26156104 |
| risk of hiv-1 acquisition among women who use diff erent types of injectable progestin contraception in south africa: a prospective cohort study. | several observational studies have reported that hiv-1 acquisition seems to be higher in women who use depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (dmpa) than in those who do not use hormonal contraception. we aimed to assess whether two injectable progestin-only contraceptives, dmpa and norethisterone enanthate (net-en), confer different risks of hiv-1 acquisition. | 2015 | 26155597 |
| neonatal herpes simplex virus infection. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) 1 and hsv-2 infections are highly prevalent worldwide and are characterized by establishing lifelong infection with periods of latency interspersed with periodic episodes of reactivation. acquisition of hsv by an infant during the peripartum or postpartum period results in neonatal hsv disease, a rare but significant infection that can be associated with severe morbidity and mortality, especially if there is dissemination or central nervous system involvement. diagnost ... | 2015 | 26154662 |
| in vitro virology profile of tenofovir alafenamide, a novel oral prodrug of tenofovir with improved antiviral activity compared to that of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. | tenofovir alafenamide (taf) is an investigational oral prodrug of the hiv-1 nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor tenofovir (tfv). tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (tdf) is another tfv prodrug, widely used for the treatment of hiv-1 infection. taf is converted mostly intracellularly to tfv and, in comparison to tdf, achieves higher tenofovir diphosphate (tfv-dp) levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. as a result, taf has demonstrated potent anti-hiv-1 activity at lower doses than tdf in ... | 2015 | 26149992 |
| sr-2p vaginal microbicide gel provides protection against herpes simplex virus 2 when administered as a combined prophylactic and postexposure therapeutic. | previously, we demonstrated that a single prophylactic dose of sr-2p, a novel dual-component microbicide gel comprising acyclovir and tenofovir, led to a modest increase in mouse survival following a lethal challenge of herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2). here, we show that a dose of sr-2p administered 24 h prior to infection provides some protection against the virus, but to a lesser degree than sr-2p administered either once a day for 2 days or 1 h prior to infection. none of the prophylactic dose ... | 2015 | 26149989 |
| efficacy of n-methanocarbathymidine against genital herpes simplex virus type 2 shedding and infection in guinea pigs. | current approved nucleoside therapies for genital herpes simplex virus (hsv) infections are effective but improved therapies are needed for treatment of both acute and recurrent diseases. | 2015 | 26149263 |
| acyclovir prophylaxis reduces the incidence of herpes zoster among hiv-infected individuals: results of a randomized clinical trial. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected persons have higher rates of herpes zoster than hiv-uninfected individuals. we assessed whether twice daily treatment with 400 mg of oral acyclovir reduces the incidence of herpes zoster in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial among 3408 persons coinfected with hiv and herpes simplex virus type 2. during 5175 person-years of follow-up, 26 cases of herpes zoster occurred among those assigned acyclovir, compared with 69 cases among those ... | 2016 | 26142452 |
| disclosure of hsv-2 serological test results in the context of an adolescent hiv prevention trial in kenya. | herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) biomarkers are often used in adolescent sub-saharan hiv prevention studies, but evaluations of test performance and disclosure outcomes are rare in the published literature. therefore, we investigated the proportion of elisa-positive and indeterminate samples confirmed by western blot (wb), the psychosocial response to disclosure and whether reports of sexual behaviour and hsv-2 symptoms are consistent with wb confirmatory results among adolescent orphans in k ... | 2015 | 26139208 |
| risk factors for incident hsv-2 infections among a prospective cohort of hiv-1-discordant couples in china. | identification of risk factors is essential for developing herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) prevention interventions that could also reduce hiv-1 transmission, particularly among hiv-1-discordant couples. | 2016 | 26139205 |
| the low-cost compound lignosulfonic acid (la) exhibits broad-spectrum anti-hiv and anti-hsv activity and has potential for microbicidal applications. | lignosulfonic acid (la), a low-cost lignin-derived polyanionic macromolecule, was extensively studied for its anti-hiv and anti-hsv activity in various cellular assays, its mechanism of viral inhibition and safety profile as potential microbicide. | 2015 | 26132818 |
| urinary micrornas of prostate cancer: virus-encoded hsv1-mirh18 and hsv2-mir-h9-5p could be valuable diagnostic markers. | micrornas (mirnas) in biological fluids are potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and assessment of urological diseases such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (bph) and prostate cancer (pca). the aim of the study was to identify and validate urinary cell-free mirnas that can segregate patients with pca from those with bph. | 2015 | 26126436 |
| changes in the contribution of genital tract infections to hiv acquisition among kenyan high-risk women from 1993 to 2012. | the objective of this study was to understand temporal trends in the contribution of different genital tract infections to hiv incidence over 20 years of follow-up in a cohort of high-risk women. | 2015 | 26125141 |
| baylisascaris procyonis and herpes simplex virus 2 coinfection presenting as ocular larva migrans with granuloma formation in a child. | ocular baylisascaris procyonis infection results from ingestion of infective eggs of b. procyonis, the raccoon ascarid. herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) infection of the retina is the result of either primary infection or reactivated disease. herein, we report a case of a 12-year-old female resident of the bronx in new york city, who presented with pan-uveitis and vision loss. initial evaluation for etiologic causes was nondiagnostic. serology for anti-baylisascaris procyonis antibodies in se ... | 2015 | 26123955 |
| non-invasive optical sensor based approaches for monitoring virus culture to minimize bsl3 laboratory entry. | high titers of infectious viruses for vaccine and diagnostic reference panel development are made by infecting susceptible mammalian cells. laboratory procedures are strictly performed in a bio-safety level-3 (bsl3) laboratory and each entry and exit involves the use of disposable personnel protective equipment (ppe) to observe cell culture conditions. routine ppe use involves significant recurring costs. alternative non-invasive optical sensor based approaches to remotely monitor cell culture ... | 2015 | 26115456 |
| ionic derivatives of betulinic acid exhibit antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type-2 (hsv-2), but not hiv-1 reverse transcriptase. | betulinic acid (1) has been modified to ionic derivatives (2-5) to improve its water solubility and biological activities. the binding properties of these derivatives with respect to human serum albumin (hsa) was examined and found to be similar to current anti-hiv drugs. these compounds did not inhibit hiv reverse transcriptase, however, 1, 2 and 5 inhibited herpes simplex type 2 (hsv-2) replication at concentrations similar to those reported for acyclovir (ic50 ∼ 0.1-10 μm) and with minimal ce ... | 2015 | 26112446 |
| patient-specific neutralizing antibody responses to herpes simplex virus are attributed to epitopes on gd, gb, or both and can be type specific. | herpes simplex virus 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 infect many humans and establish a latent infection in sensory ganglia. although some infected people suffer periodic recurrences, others do not. infected people mount both cell-mediated and humoral responses, including the production of virus-neutralizing antibodies (abs) directed at viral entry glycoproteins. previously, we examined iggs from 10 hsv-seropositive individuals; all neutralized virus and were directed primarily against gd or gd+gb. here, we ... | 2015 | 26109729 |
| animal herpesviruses and their zoonotic potential for cross-species infection. | herpesviruses of humans and animals cause severe diseases that influence not only the health and epidemiological status but are also economically important in the context of food production. the members of herpesviridae are host specific agents that also share many properties that potentially make them capable of crossing the species barriers. the objective of presented review paper was to summarize the relationship between herpesviruses of animals and humans and their zoonotic potential. in hum ... | 2015 | 26094506 |