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draft genome sequence of pasteurella multocida a:3 strain 671/90.pasteurella multocida serogroup a is commonly isolated from nasal swabs of clinically healthy calves and also from diseased lung tissue in bovine pneumonia. here, we report the draft genome sequence of the virulent strain p. multocida 671/90, which has been characterized previously in experimental infections of calves and mice.201324092794
fatal outbreak of systemic pasteurellosis in a wild boar (sus scrofa) population from southwest spain.pasteurella multocida is a common pathogen of swine that causes specific diseases with great economic impact. however, the importance of this pathogen in wild boar is still unknown. in the current work, an outbreak of systemic pasteurellosis in wild boar with a high mortality rate is described. a total of 23 wild boar of all ages were found dead over a 5-day period on a game estate in southwest spain (11.11% mortality). three animals were necropsied and showed subcutaneous edema, a generalized c ...201324081934
protective effect of egyptian propolis against rabbit pasteurellosis.the present study was conducted to study the protective effect of ethanolic extract of propolis given subcutaneously (s/c) either alone or in combination with inactivated formalized pasteurella multocida (p. multocida) vaccine in rabbits challenged with virulent p. multocida strain. twenty-eight new-zealand rabbits, 6-8 weeks old and not vaccinated against pasteurellosis, were randomly divided into four equal groups. group (1) was kept as nonvaccinated control. group (2) was injected s/c with pr ...201324069588
signaling cascades of pasteurella multocida toxin in immune evasion.pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt) is a protein toxin found in toxigenic strains of pasteurella multocida. pmt is the causative agent for atrophic rhinitis in pigs, a disease characterized by loss of nasal turbinate bones due to an inhibition of osteoblast function and an increase in osteoclast activity and numbers. apart from this, pmt acts as a strong mitogen, protects from apoptosis and has an impact on the differentiation and function of immune cells. many signaling pathways have been elucida ...201324064721
the actions of pasteurella multocida toxin on neuronal cells.pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt) activates the g-proteins gαi(₁₋₃), gα(q), gα₁₁, gα₁₂ and gα₁₃ by deamidation of specific glutamine residues. a number of these alpha subunits have signalling roles in neurones. hence we studied the action of this toxin on rat superior cervical ganglion (scg) neurones and ng108-15 neuronal cells. both gα(q) and gα₁₁ could be identified in scgs with immunocytochemistry. pmt had no direct action on kv7 or cav2 channels in scgs. however pmt treatment enhanced muscar ...201424055502
new derivatives of salicylamides: preparation and antimicrobial activity against various bacterial species.three series of salicylanilides, esters of n-phenylsalicylamides and 2-hydroxy-n-[1-(2-hydroxyphenylamino)-1-oxoalkan-2-yl]benzamides, in total thirty target compounds were synthesized and characterized. the compounds were evaluated against seven bacterial and three mycobacterial strains. the antimicrobial activities of some compounds were comparable or higher than the standards ampicillin, ciprofloxacin or isoniazid. derivatives 3f demonstrated high biological activity against staphylococcus au ...201324045008
pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship of marbofloxacin against pasteurella multocida in a tissue-cage model in yellow cattle.the fluoroquinolone antimicrobial drug marbofloxacin was administered to yellow cattle intravenously and intramuscularly at a dose of 2 mg/kg of body weight in a two-period crossover study. the pharmacokinetic properties of marbofloxacin in serum, inflamed tissue-cage fluid (exudate), and noninflamed tissue-cage fluid (transudate) were studied by using a tissue-cage model. the in vitro and ex vivo activities of marbofloxacin in serum, exudate, and transudate against a pathogenic strain of pasteu ...201424033339
immune response to dna vaccine expressing transferrin binding protein a gene of pasteurella multocida.haemorrhagic septicaemia (hs), an acute and fatal disease of cattle and buffalo is primarily caused by serotype b:2 or e:2 of pasteurella multocida. the transferrin binding protein a (tbpa) has been found to act as immunogen and potent vaccine candidate in various gram negative bacteria including p. multocida. the present study was carried out to evaluate the potential of this antigen as a dna vaccine against hs in mice model. the tbpa gene of p. multocida serotype b:2 was cloned in a mammalian ...201124031690
pasteurella multocida infective endocarditis in an immunocompetent patient complicated by rhabdomyolysis and permanent hearing loss.pasteurella multocida is an inhabitant of the oral cavity of a variety of livestock and domestic pet species, especially cats and dogs. the case reported illustrates a 60-year-old, immunocompetent female patient who presented with p. multocida sepsis and aortic valve endocarditis. this required surgical bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement. investigation also found infection-induced rhabdomyolysis and permanent hearing loss, both previously unassociated with p. multocida infection.201324023475
septicaemic pasteurellosis in free-range pigs associated with an unusual biovar 13 of pasteurella multocida.biochemical profiles, pfge typing and mlst analysis were used to investigate an outbreak of septicaemic pasteurellosis in a free-range pig farm in spain. signs of coughing, dyspnoea and a visible inflammation of the ventral area of the neck (jowl), which acquired a cyanotic and necrotic appearance, were the characteristic findings in affected animals, associated with a high morbidity (70%) and case mortality (95%). diffuse, haemorrhagic and fibrinous pleuroneumonia and acute, focally extensive a ...201324011940
respiratory syncytial virus infection in cattle.bovine respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a cause of respiratory disease in cattle worldwide. it has an integral role in enzootic pneumonia in young dairy calves and summer pneumonia in nursing beef calves. furthermore, bovine rsv infection can predispose calves to secondary bacterial infection by organisms such as mannheimia haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, and histophilus somni, resulting in bovine respiratory disease complex, the most prevalent cause of morbidity and mortality among feed ...201424009269
pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship of cefquinome against pasteurella multocida in a tissue-cage model in yellow cattle.the cephalosporin antimicrobial drug cefquinome was administered to yellow cattle intravenously (i.v.) and intramuscularly (i.m.) at a dose of 1 mg/kg of body weight in a two-period crossover study. the pharmacokinetic (pk) properties of cefquinome in serum, inflamed tissue-cage fluid (exudate), and noninflamed tissue-cage fluid (transudate) were studied using a tissue-cage model. the in vitro and ex vivo activities of cefquinome in serum, exudate, and transudate against a pathogenic strain of p ...201423980645
pasteurella multocida heddleston serovar 3 and 4 strains share a common lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis locus but display both inter- and intrastrain lipopolysaccharide heterogeneity.pasteurella multocida is a gram-negative multispecies pathogen and the causative agent of fowl cholera, a serious disease of poultry which can present in both acute and chronic forms. the major outer membrane component lipopolysaccharide (lps) is both an important virulence factor and a major immunogen. our previous studies determined the lps structures expressed by different p. multocida strains and revealed that a number of strains belonging to different serovars contain the same lps biosynthe ...201323974032
immunomodulatory activity of methanolic fruit extract of aegle marmelos in experimental animals.the aim of the present study was to investigate the immunomodulatory action of methanolic extract of aegle marmelos fruit (feam) in experimental model of immunity.201023964175
use of a dual reporter plasmid to demonstrate bactofection with an attenuated aroa(-) derivative of pasteurella multocida b:2.a reporter plasmid psrg has been developed which expresses red fluorescent protein (rfp) from a constitutive prokaryotic promoter within pasteurella multocida b:2 and green fluorescent protein (gfp) from a constitutive eukaryotic promoter within mammalian cells. this construct has been used to determine the location and viability of the bacteria when moving from the extracellular environment into the intracellular compartment of mammalian cells. invasion assays with embryonic bovine lung (ebl) c ...201323951183
mutant prevention concentration and pk-pd relationships of enrofloxacin for pasteurella multocida in buffalo calves.this study validated the use of mutant prevention concentration (mpc) and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (pk-pd) modeling approach for optimization of dose regimen of enrofloxacin to contain the emergence of pasteurella multocida resistance. the pk and pd characteristics of enrofloxacin were investigated in buffalo calves after intramuscular administration at a dose rate of 12 mg/kg. the concentration of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in serum were determined by high-performance liquid chro ...201323941961
evidence of circulation of an epidemic strain of pasteurella multocida in jiangsu, china by multi-locus sequence typing (mlst).pasteurella multocida, the causative agent of fowl cholera, is a serious threat to poultry farming. in this study, we isolated and identified 40 p. multocida strains in fowl cholera outbreaks in jiangsu province, china. the identified p. multocida was further characterized using multi-locus sequence typing (mlst). all of the 40 p. multocida strains studied are genetically identical and belong to the st129 sequence type based on seven mlst loci. our study provides evidence of a circulating epidem ...201323917026
molecular typing of haemorrhagic septicaemia-associated pasteurella multocida isolates from pakistan and thailand using multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.a comparative genetic study of 23 field isolates and vaccine strains of pasteurella multocida associated with haemorrhagic septicaemia cases from pakistan and thailand was done using pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and multilocus sequence typing (mlst). the mlst sequence type (st) for all 20 of the 23 isolates tested was 122. the pfge results showed one band difference between the pakistani and the thai isolates. sequence type 122 is the dominant associated profile with haemorrhagic sept ...201323916592
determinants of ph-dependent modulation of translocation in dermonecrotic g-protein-deamidating toxins.cytotoxic necrotizing factors from e. coli (cnf1, cnf2) and yersinia (cnfy)share n-terminal sequence similarity with pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt). this common n-terminal region harbors the receptor-binding and translocation domains that mediate uptake and delivery of the c-terminal catalytic cargo domains into the host cytosol. subtle variations in the n-terminal ~500 amino acids of cnfs and pmt could allow for selective recognition of cellular receptors and thus, selective target cell spec ...201323888517
identification of clinical pasteurella isolates by maldi-tof -- a comparison with vitek 2 and conventional microbiological methods.the aim of this study was to compare the performance of four methods that are widely used in the clinical microbiology laboratory for identification of pasteurella species. the 4 methods evaluated were vitek2, vitek ms (biomerieux), and bruker biotyper ms (bruker) as well as traditional biochemical tests. sequencing of the soda gene was used as the reference method. sixty-five isolates of pasteurella spp. from 65 patients were analyzed. one pasteurella multocida isolate from american type cultur ...201323886788
[acute total knee replacement infection after a cat bite and scratch: a clinical case and review of the literature].in the last 15 years only few cases of pasteurella multocida (p. multocida) total knee arthroplasty infection have been published, mostly related to cat or dog bites or scratches. we report a case of p. multocida total knee arthroplasty infection in a 64-year- old patient, 10 days after being scratched and bitten by his cat. the patient was successfully treated with debridement and tibial interspacer exchange and antibiotic treatment for 6 weeks. antimicrobial prophylaxis should be considered in ...201323885657
dietary l-glutamine supplementation increases pasteurella multocida burden and the expression of its major virulence factors in mice.this study was conducted to determine the effects of graded doses of l-glutamine supplementation on the replication and distribution of pasteurella multocida, and the expression of its major virulence factors in mouse model. mice were randomly assigned to the basal diet supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 % glutamine. pasteurella multocida burden was detected in the heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney after 12 h of p. multocida infection. the expression of major virulence factors, toll-like r ...201323884693
accurate identification of fastidious gram-negative rods: integration of both conventional phenotypic methods and 16s rrna gene analysis.accurate identification of fastidious gram-negative rods (gnr) by conventional phenotypic characteristics is a challenge for diagnostic microbiology. the aim of this study was to evaluate the use of molecular methods, e.g., 16s rrna gene sequence analysis for identification of fastidious gnr in the clinical microbiology laboratory.201323855986
immunopotentiation of outer membrane protein through anti-idiotype pasteurella multocida vaccine in rabbits.pasteurella multocida was isolated from cattle affected with haemorrhagic septicaemia and characterized on the basis of morphological, cultural and biochemical tests. bacterial outer membrane proteins (omps) were extracted with 1% sarkosyl method. p. multocida anti-idiotype vaccine prepared from omps (21.3 mg per 100 ml), was evaluated and compared with bacterin supplemented with 10% omps and plain alum-adsorbed bacterin in rabbit models. it was observed that omps-anti-idiotype vaccine induced h ...201323830882
biofilm formation of pasteurella multocida on bentonite clay.biofilms are structural communities of bacterial cells enshrined in a self produced polymeric matrix. the studies on biofilm formation of pasteurella multocida have become imperative since it is a respiratory pathogen and its biofilm mode could possibly be one of its virulence factors for survival inside a host. the present study describes a biofilm assay for p. multocida on inert hydrophilic material called bentonite clay.201323825728
pasteurella multocida: from zoonosis to cellular microbiology.in a world where most emerging and reemerging infectious diseases are zoonotic in nature and our contacts with both domestic and wild animals abound, there is growing awareness of the potential for human acquisition of animal diseases. like other pasteurellaceae, pasteurella species are highly prevalent among animal populations, where they are often found as part of the normal microbiota of the oral, nasopharyngeal, and upper respiratory tracts. many pasteurella species are opportunistic pathoge ...201323824375
pasteurella multocida infection in cats: abcd guidelines on prevention and management.pasteurella species are part of the normal oral flora of cats. they are also a common cause of infection in this species and an important zoonotic agent. infection in cats: pasteurella species are commonly isolated from subcutaneous abscesses and pyothorax in cats. they may also cause secondary lower respiratory tract infection and have been associated with spinal empyema and meningoencephalomyelitis. infection in humans: disease in humans mainly occurs after a cat bite or scratch, but may also ...201323813817
carboxyl terminus heterogeneity of type iv fimbrial subunit protein of pasteurella multocida isolates.pasteurella multocida, a gram-negative bacterial pathogen, known to affect a wide range of domestic as well as wild animal and avian species throughout the world by causing either systemic or localized infections termed as 'pasteurellosis'. p. multocida isolates are known to possess type iv fimbriae (pili) as one of the major virulence factors based on their role in adhesion to host surfaces and subsequent pathogenesis. in the present study, ptfa gene of indian p. multocida isolates (n = 8) orig ...201323813222
in vitro activity and rodent efficacy of clinafloxacin for bovine and swine respiratory disease.clinafloxacin is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone that was originally developed and subsequently abandoned in the late 1990s as a human health antibiotic for respiratory diseases. the purpose of this study was to investigate the activity of clinafloxacin as a possible treatment for respiratory disease in cattle and pigs. minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) values were determined using clinical and laboratory standards institute recommended procedures with recent strains from the zoetis cultur ...201323785362
methods for the pasteurella glycosaminoglycan synthases: enzymes that polymerize hyaluronan, chondroitin, or heparosan chains.multiple glycosyltransferases (gtases) that produce glycosaminoglycans (gags) have been identified; -several distinct putative architectures and catalytic abilities have been noted from microbes and vertebrates. here the preparation and use of a class of enzymes (class ii) from the gram-negative bacterium, pasteurella multocida, with utility in chemoenzymatic synthesis of gags is described. the analyses of sugar products include thin layer chromatography (tlc), matrix-assisted laser desorption i ...201323765665
backbone and side-chain assignments of an effector membrane localization domain from vibrio vulnificus martx toxin.(1)h, (13)c, and (15)n chemical shift assignments are presented for the isolated four-helical bundle membrane localization domain from the domain of unknown function 5 (duf5) effector (mld(vvduf5)) of the martx toxin from vibrio vulnificus in its solution state. we have assigned 97% of all backbone and side-chain carbon atoms, including 96% of all backbone residues. secondary chemical shift analysis using talos+ demonstrates four helices that align with those predicted by structure homology mode ...201423765285
backbone and side-chain resonance assignments of the membrane localization domain from pasteurella multocida toxin.(1)h, (13)c, and (15)n chemical shift assignments are presented for the isolated four-helical bundle membrane localization domain (mld) from pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt) in its solution state. we have assigned 99% of all backbone and side-chain carbon atoms, including 99% of all backbone residues excluding proline amide nitrogens. secondary chemical shift analysis using talos+ demonstrates four helices, which align with those observed within the mld in the crystal structure of the c-terminu ...201423765284
effect of subtherapeutic vs. therapeutic administration of macrolides on antimicrobial resistance in mannheimia haemolytica and enterococci isolated from beef cattle.macrolides are the first-line treatment against bovine respiratory disease (brd), and are also used to treat infections in humans. the macrolide, tylosin phosphate, is often included in the diet of cattle as a preventative for liver abscesses in many regions of the world outside of europe. this study investigated the effects of administering macrolides to beef cattle either systemically through a single subcutaneous injection (therapeutic) or continuously in-feed (subtherapeutic), on the prevale ...201323750157
cat scratch-induced pasteurella multocida necrotizing cellulitis in a dog.in humans, rapidly developing pasteurella multocida cellulitis after a cat scratch or bite is a well-known entity that sometimes progresses to necrotizing fasciitis and can be fatal.201323738879
empyema due to severe pasteurella multocida treated with quinolone: a case report.pasteurella multocida (pm) is gram-negative coccobacillus that is commonly acquired through a cat scratch or bite. the standard antibiotic of choice for treating pm is penicillin. we present a case of pm empyema in a penicillin allergic 56-year-old female who has a history of contact with domestic cats and is known to have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and a chronic history of smoking. the patient was treated successfully with levofloxacin as alternative treatment to penicillin.201423736384
immunogenicity of pasteurella multocida and mannheimia haemolytica outer membrane vesicles.pasteurella multocida is able to cause disease in humans and in a wide range of animal hosts, including fowl cholera in birds, atrophic rhinitis in pigs, and snuffles in rabbits. together with mannheimia haemolytica, p. multocida also represents a major bacterial causative agent of bovine respiratory disease (brd), which is one of the most important causes for economic losses for the cattle backgrounding and feedlot industry. commercially available vaccines only partially prevent infections caus ...201323731905
characterization of a trifunctional glucosyltransferase essential for moraxella catarrhalis lipooligosaccharide assembly.the human respiratory tract pathogen moraxella catarrhalis expresses lipooligosaccharides (los), glycolipid surface moieties that are associated with enhanced colonization and virulence. recent studies have delineated the major steps required for the biosynthesis and assembly of the m. catarrhalis los molecule. we previously demonstrated that the glucosyltransferase enzyme lgt3 is responsible for the addition of at least one glucose (glc) molecule, at the β-(1-4) position, to the inner core of t ...201323720461
[necrotizing fasciitis after a cat bite: a case report].we report on a previously healthy 56-year-old woman who was referred to our hospital with fever and progressive left foot pain. she had been bitten by a cat 7 days previously, and cephalosporins had been prescribed for treatment. however, her clinical symptoms deteriorated, and physical examination on admission was compatible with necrotizing fasciitis. treatment with ampicillin-sulbactam and clindamycin was initiated. in addition, immediate surgical debridement was performed, resulting in thera ...201323713332
pasteurella multocida toxin prevents osteoblast differentiation by transactivation of the map-kinase cascade via the gα(q/11)--p63rhogef--rhoa axis.the 146-kda pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt) is the main virulence factor to induce p. multocida-associated progressive atrophic rhinitis in various animals. pmt leads to a destruction of nasal turbinate bones implicating an effect of the toxin on osteoblasts and/or osteoclasts. the toxin induces constitutive activation of gα proteins of the g(q/11)-, g₁₂/₁₃- and g(i)-family by deamidating an essential glutamine residue. to study the pmt effect on bone cells, we used primary osteoblasts derived ...201323696743
immunohistochemical study of porcine lung lesions associated with pasteurella multocida.infectious bronchopneumonia is a widespread disease in modern commercial pig production and pasteurella multocida is frequently associated with the lesions. to evaluate porcine lung lesions associated with p. multocida, populations of inflammatory cells were examined by immunohistochemistry in necrotic lung lesions from nine pigs and exudative lung lesions from eleven pigs. lungs from five pigs served as controls. all cases were selected from naturally infected pigs using co-infection based crit ...201323683857
pasteurella multocida cellulitis in a 15-year-old male with chronic lymphedema. 201323680213
cholesterol granuloma associated with otitis media in a cat.an 8-year-old, male neutered siamese cat was presented with horner syndrome and right head tilt. a soft tissue mass was observed in the right tympanic cavity, and bulla osteotomy was performed. tissue samples retrieved from the tympanic cavity were sent for histology, and a middle ear fluid swab was sent for bacterial culture and sensitivity. histologic diagnosis was of otitis media associated with cholesterol granuloma (cg). bacterial culture yielded pasteurella multocida and leifsonia (coryneb ...201323674460
comparative genome analysis of an avirulent and two virulent strains of avian pasteurella multocida reveals candidate genes involved in fitness and pathogenicity.pasteurella multocida is the etiologic agent of fowl cholera, a highly contagious and severe disease of poultry causing significant mortality and morbidity throughout the world. all types of poultry are susceptible to fowl cholera. turkeys are most susceptible to the peracute/acute forms of the disease while chickens are most susceptible to the acute and chronic forms of the disease. the whole genome of the pm70 strain of p. multocida was sequenced and annotated in 2001. the pm70 strain is not v ...201323672515
donor substrate promiscuity of the n-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activities of pasteurella multocida heparosan synthase 2 (pmhs2) and escherichia coli k5 kfia.the biological activities of heparan sulfate (hs) and heparin (hp) are closely related to their molecular structures. both pasteurella multocida heparosan synthase 2 (pmhs2) and escherichia coli k5 kfia have been used for enzymatic and chemoenzymatic synthesis of hs and hp oligosaccharides and their derivatives. we show here that cloning using the pet15b vector and expressing pmhs2 as an n-his6-tagged fusion protein improve its expression level in e. coli. investigation of the donor substrate sp ...201423661084
pasteurella multocida toxin as a transporter of non-cell-permeating proteins.the protein toxin pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt) is the causative agent of atrophic rhinitis in pigs, leading to atrophy of the nasal turbinate bones by affecting osteoblasts and osteoclasts. the mechanism of pmt-induced intoxication is a deamidation of α-subunits of heterotrimeric g proteins, including gαq, gα13, and gαi, thereby causing persistent activation of the g proteins. here we utilized pmt as a transporter of the non-cell-permeating a domain of diphtheria toxin (dta). fusion protein ...201323630953
[construction and characterization of omph gene knockout mutant of avian pasteurella multocida c48-3].to study the role of the outer membrane protein h (omph) in pathogenicity of avian pasteurella multocida.201323614242
conserved glycolipid termini in capsular polysaccharides synthesized by atp-binding cassette transporter-dependent pathways in gram-negative pathogens.bacterial capsules are surface layers made of long-chain polysaccharides. they are anchored to the outer membrane of many gram-negative bacteria, including pathogens such as escherichia coli, neisseria meningitidis, haemophilus influenzae, and pasteurella multocida. capsules protect pathogens from host defenses including complement-mediated killing and phagocytosis and therefore represent a major virulence factor. capsular polysaccharides are synthesized by enzymes located in the inner (cytoplas ...201323610430
dietary l-proline supplementation confers immunostimulatory effects on inactivated pasteurella multocida vaccine immunized mice.this study was conducted to determine the immunostimulatory effect of l-proline on inactivated vaccine immunized mice. ninety-five female km mice were randomly divided into five groups: (1) mice received dietary supplementation with 0.4% l-proline and immunized with inactivated vaccine (v-p group); (2) mice received dietary supplementation with 0.3% l-alanine (isonitrogenous control) and immunized with inactivated vaccine (v-a group, negative control); (3) mice were immunized with inactivated va ...201323584431
demonstration of ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in pheasants (phasianus colchicus) with pneumonia and airsacculitis.outbreaks of respiratory disease were investigated in reared pheasants (phasianus colchicus) aged approximately 18 to 32 weeks, released into the semi-wild on four shooting estates in southern england. the clinical signs in the affected birds included swelling of the face and eyes, loss of condition, gasping respirations and coughing. the gross pathology findings included sinusitis, airsacculitis, pleural oedema and lung lesions. the histopathological findings in the affected lungs were characte ...201323581445
ultrastructural comparison of the nasal epithelia of healthy and naturally affected rabbits with pasteurella multocida a.an ultrastructural comparison between the nasal cavities of healthy rabbits and those suffering from two forms of spontaneous infection with pasteurella multocida was undertaken. twelve commercially produced rabbits of different ages and respiratory health status were divided into four groups: healthy from 0 to 21 days (g1, n = 2); healthy from 23 to 49 days (g2, n = 2); healthy from 51 to 69 days (g3, n = 2); diseased rabbits with septicemia and the rhinitic form of p. multocida infection (g4, ...201323577280
antimicrobial multidrug resistance and coresistance patterns of mannheimia haemolytica isolated from bovine respiratory disease cases--a three-year (2009-2011) retrospective analysis.bovine respiratory disease continues to be the most important ailment of feed yard cattle. while the disease is multifactorial in nature, therapy continues to target the primary bacterial pathogens, mannheimia haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, and histophilus somni. a survey of records from a single diagnostic laboratory was conducted to evaluate the percentage of m. haemolytica isolates that were resistant to multiple antimicrobials and if coresistance patterns could be detected. all suscepti ...201323572456
development and application of a multiplex pcr assay for rapid detection of 4 major bacterial pathogens in ducks.infections with pasteurella multocida, salmonella enterica, riemerella anatipestifer, and escherichia coli result in high morbidity and mortality, which cause significant economic loss in the poultry industry. it can be difficult to distinguish these pathogens based on clinical signs because these pathogens can cause similar clinical signs and coinfections can occur. thus, rapid and sensitive detection of these 4 major bacterial pathogens are important in ducks. the aim of this study was to deve ...201323571324
pneumonia in slaughtered sheep in south-western iran: pathological characteristics and aerobic bacterial aetiology.in this study, the lungs of 1,000 sheep carcasses were subjected to gross examination and those suspected to be infected with pneumonia were studied at histopathological level as well as examined for presence of bacteria. pneumonia was detected in 42 (4.2%) carcasses. based on histopathological lesions, 45.24% were affected with suppurative bronchopneumonia, 20.93% with interstitial pneumonia, 11.9% bronchointerstitial pneumonia, 7.14% with fibrinous bronchopneumonia and 2.38% with embolic pneum ...201323564592
paediatric epidemiology of pasteurella multocida meningitis in france and review of the literature.we report on six cases of pasteurella multocida (p. multocida) meningitis occurring between 2001 and 2011 by a french nationwide active surveillance network of paediatric bacterial meningitis (activ/gpip). the cases accounted for 0.15 % of the paediatric meningitis cases reported between 2001 and 2011 in france, all in infants <4 months old. a review of the literature allowed us to gather information on 42 other cases of p. multocida meningitis in infants <1 year old reported since 1963. among a ...201323558364
one-pot multi-enzyme (opme) chemoenzymatic synthesis of sialyl-tn-muc1 and sialyl-t-muc1 glycopeptides containing natural or non-natural sialic acid.a series of stn-muc1 and st-muc1 glycopeptides containing naturally occurring and non-natural sialic acids have been chemoenzymatically synthesized from tn-muc1 glycopeptide using one-pot multienzyme (opme) approaches. in situ generation of the sialyltransferase donor cytidine 5'-monophosphate-sialic acid (cmp-sia) using a cmp-sialic acid synthetase in the presence of an extra amount of cytidine 5'-triphosphate (ctp) and removal of cmp from the reaction mixture by flash c18 cartridge purificatio ...201323535562
spontaneous bacterial peritonitis by pasteurella multocida under treatment with rifaximin.spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (sbp) is a life-threatening complication of liver cirrhosis. recently, rifaximin, a non-absorbable antibiotic which is used to prevent recurrent hepatic encephalopathy, has been proposed as effective prophylaxis for sbp. here, we present an unusual case of sbp under treatment with rifaximin. a 50-year-old woman with liver cirrhosis was admitted because of tense ascites and abdominal pain. she was under long-term oral prophylaxis with rifaximin due to hepatic enc ...201423526308
preparation and application of a 'clickable' acceptor for enzymatic synthesis of heparin oligosaccharides.a 'clickable' disaccharide was prepared by treating the aldehyde precursor with hydroxylamine, followed by the catalytic hydrogenation and diazotransfer reaction. this disaccharide was successfully applied to the elongation of the backbone construction of ultralow molecular weight (ulmw) heparins using two bacterial glycosyl transferases, n-acetyl glucosaminyl transferase from escherichia coli k5 (kfia) and heparosan synthase-2 (pmhs2) from pasteurella multocida.201323524108
bacteria isolated from dugongs (dugong dugon) submitted for postmortem examination in queensland, australia, 2000-2011.microbial infection may contribute to disease in a significant proportion of marine mammal mortalities, but little is known about infectious bacterial species and their prevalence in dugongs (dugong dugon). this study represents a survey of the species of bacteria and fungi isolated from dugongs submitted to the university of queensland's school of veterinary science for postmortem examination. thirty-six dugongs were included in the survey, with 23 species of bacteria and four species of fungus ...201323505701
pharmacodynamics of florfenicol for calf pneumonia pathogens.the antimicrobial properties of florfenicol were investigated for the bovine respiratory tract pathogens, mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida. three in vitro indices of efficacy and potency were determined; minimum inhibitory concentration (mic), minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc) and in vitro time-kill curves for six pathogenic strains of each organism. each was monitored in two matrices, mueller hinton broth (mhb) and calf serum. mbc:mic ratios were low, 1.8 : 1 for m haemol ...201323482237
severe pasteurella multocida infection in a patient on rituximab therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. 201323477740
a 39-kda capsular protein is a major cross-protection factor as demonstrated by protection of chickens with a live attenuated pasteurella multocida strain of p-1059.the aim of this study was to show that a 39-kda protein or omph of pasteurella multocida strain p-1059 is essential for cross protection. strain pba322, a thinly capsulated strain of p. multocida strain p-1059, was used as a live vaccine in chickens. strain pba322 is a thinly capsulated strain in comparison with the parental strain p-1059. chickens were vaccinated by single injection and then challenge-exposed with strains p-1059 or x-73 at two weeks post vaccination. moreover, immune responses ...201323449462
characterisation of avian pasteurella multocida strains with pcr-rflp analysis of the omph gene.the 16 somatic serotype type strains and 60 field isolates of pasteurella multocida, representing various avian species and geographic regions in hungary, were characterised by pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) analysis of the omph gene with drai restriction endonuclease. the type strains yielded eight different (i-viii) profiles. strains whose pcr fragment was uncut by drai (profile iv) could be differentiated with hindiii and pvuii restriction endonucleases. five of the e ...201323439285
metabolic engineering of bacillus subtilis for the efficient biosynthesis of uniform hyaluronic acid with controlled molecular weights.bacillus subtilis was engineered into an efficient hyaluronic acid (ha) producer by introducing two inducible artificial operons carrying ha synthase gene from pasteurella multocida and precursor genes encoding enzymes involved in synthesis of the sugar precursors. a two-stage induction strategy was established for metabolic engineering of recombinant b. subtilis to efficiently produce uniform ha with controlled molecular weights. strain tpg223 produced larger ha molecules (yield=6.8 g/l; molecu ...201323433979
ocular penetration of topical antibiotics: study on the penetration of chloramphenicol, tobramycin and netilmicin into the anterior chamber after topical administration.to compare penetration in the aqueous humour of topically applied antibiotics.201623433257
seven strains of mice as potential models of bovine pasteurellosis following intranasal challenge with a bovine pneumonic strain of pasteurella multocida a:3; comparisons of disease and pathological outcomes.the gram-negative bacterium pasteurella multocida causes pneumonic and systemic pasteurellosis in bovids for which vaccines are either unavailable or inadequate. the work assessed whether an intranasal p. multocida challenge in mice might provide a model of infection for future vaccine development work. clinical, pathological and biochemical responses were compared in seven strains of mice challenged with a virulent bovine pneumonic isolate of p. multocida a:3. six mouse strains (porton, cd-1, b ...201323415879
pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt) upregulates ctgf which leads to mtorc1 activation in swiss 3t3 cells.pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt) is a mitogenic protein that hijacks cellular signal transduction pathways via deamidation of heterotrimeric g proteins. we previously showed that rpmt activates mtor signaling via a gαq/11/plcβ/pkc mediated pathway, leading in part to cell proliferation and migration. herein, we show that mtor and mapk, but not membrane-associated tyrosine kinases, are activated in serum-starved 3t3 cells by an autocrine/paracrine substance(s) secreted into the conditioned mediu ...201323415771
draft genome sequences of two virulent serotypes of avian pasteurella multocida.here we report the draft genome sequences of two virulent avian strains of pasteurella multocida. comparative analyses of these genomes were done with the published genome sequence of avirulent p. multocida strain pm70.201323405337
characterization of pasteurella multocida strains isolated from geese.phenotypic and genotypic diversity of forty-two pasteurella multocida isolates from geese were characterized by analysis of their capsular type, heddleston serotype, biotype, fimbrial gene allele type, comparative outer membrane protein (omp) electrophoresis patterns, and were analyzed using pcr for the presence of virulence-associated genes (toxa, tbpa, pfha, hgba, hgbb, nanh, nanb, fima, hsf-1, and pmhas). a sequence comparison of the thdf and rpob housekeeping genes of twenty representative p ...201323391436
identification of the lic1abcd operon that controls the phase-variable expression of phosphorylcholine on lipopolysaccharide from avibacterium paragallinarum.phosphorylcholine (chop) is an important virulence factor found on the surface of many mucosal pathogens and its expression enhances bacterial colonization on mucous membranes and reduces susceptibility to antimicrobial peptides. whole-genome sequencing analyses showed that avibacterium paragallinarum contained an operon with strong sequence similarity to the lic1abcd operon from haemophilus influenzae and the pcgdabc operon from pasteurella multocida; both operons are involved in metabolism and ...201323391184
pharmacodynamics of marbofloxacin for calf pneumonia pathogens.the pharmacodynamic (pd) properties of the fluoroquinolone, marbofloxacin, were determined for the bovine respiratory tract pathogens mannheima haemolytica and pasteurella multocida. for six pathogenic isolates of each organism, three in vitro indices of efficacy and potency were determined, namely, minimum inhibitory concentration (mic), minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc) and time-kill curves. each parameter was determined in two matrices, mueller hinton broth (mhb) and calf serum. for se ...201323375665
effect of calf age and administration route of initial multivalent modified-live virus vaccine on humoral and cell-mediated immune responses following subsequent administration of a booster vaccination at weaning in beef calves.to compare immune responses following modified-live virus (mlv) vaccination at weaning after intranasal or sc administration of an mlv vaccine to beef calves at 2 or 70 days of age.201323363363
immune responses and protective efficacy of a novel dna vaccine encoding outer membrane protein of avian pasteurella multocida.avian pasteurella multocida is a causative agent of fowl cholera. two proteins omph and ompa are the major immunogenic antigens of avian p. multocida, which play an important role in inducing immune responses that confer resistance against infections. in the present study, we used pcdna3.1(+) as a vector and constructed dna vaccines with the genes encoding the two antigens mentioned above. these dna vaccines include monovalent (pcdna-omph, pomph and pcdna-ompa, pompa), divalent combination (pcdn ...201323340446
bactericidal activity of tracheal antimicrobial peptide against respiratory pathogens of cattle.tracheal antimicrobial peptide (tap) is a β-defensin produced by mucosal epithelial cells of cattle. although effective against several human pathogens, the activity of this bovine peptide against the bacterial pathogens that cause bovine respiratory disease have not been reported. this study compared the antibacterial effects of synthetic tap against mannheimia haemolytica, histophilus somni, pasteurella multocida, and mycoplasma bovis. bactericidal activity against m. bovis was not detected. i ...201323333196
[unusual pneumonia by pasteurella multocida].pasteurellosis is an infection caused by inoculation usually through bites or scratches. pasteurella multocida is involved in 50 to 60% of cases. cats are the main vectors of the pathogen. immunodepression increases the risk of systemic disease. we report a case of pasteurella multocida pneumonia in an 81-year-old patient who had no cutaneous portal of entry. the patient had a past medical history of rectal neoplasia and prostate neoplasia treated with brachytherapy and hormonal therapy respecti ...201323333046
c-reactive protein, haptoglobin, serum amyloid a and pig major acute phase protein response in pigs simultaneously infected with h1n1 swine influenza virus and pasteurella multocida.swine influenza (si) is an acute respiratory disease caused by swine influenza virus (siv). swine influenza is generally characterized by acute onset of fever and respiratory symptoms. the most frequent complications of influenza are secondary bacterial pneumonia. the objective of this work was to study the acute phase proteins (app) responses after coinfection of piglets with h1n1 swine influenza virus (swh1n1) and pasteurella multocida (pm) in order to identify whether the individual app respo ...201323332090
multilocus sequence analysis of pasteurella multocida demonstrates a type species under development.the aim of the present study was to use multilocus sequence typing (mlst) of a diverse collection of pasteurella multocida with regard to animal source, place and date of collection, including all available serovars of carter, heddleston, little & lyon, namioka, cornelius and roberts, to further investigate the evolution of this species with a focus on two lineages, a (p. multocida subsp. multocida and p. multocida subsp. gallicida) and b (p. multocida subsp. septica), previously reported. isola ...201323329677
the influence of oral bacteria on tissue levels of toll-like receptor and cytokine mrnas in feline chronic gingivostomatitis and oral health.feline chronic gingivostomatitis (fcgs) is an inflammatory disease of the oral cavity that causes severe pain and distress in affected cats. treatment methods are currently very limited. the aims of this study were to assess the feline innate immune response by investigating the levels of cytokine and toll-like receptor (tlr) mrnas in tissue biopsies of cats with and without fcgs, and to relate this to the presence or absence of putative oral pathogens identified previously within these cats. mu ...201223287555
pasteurella multocida carriage in red-necked wallabies (macropus rufogriseus).the isolation of pasteurella multocida from several red-necked wallabies (macropus rufogriseus) with purulent to necrotizing gingivitis, mandibular osteomyelitis, and conjunctivitis in a private zoological park prompted a cross-sectional prevalence study in two zoological collections. the study demonstrated a high prevalence of p. multocida carriage in clinically healthy red-necked wallabies. in one collection (n= 7), p. multocida was isolated from the gingival mucosa of two animals (28.6%) and ...201223272337
mouse model of haemorrhagic septicaemia: dissemination and multiplication of pasteurella multocida b:2 in vital organs after intranasal and subcutaneous challenge in mice.haemorrhagic septicaemia (hs) is an endemic disease of bovines, occurring in most tropical regions of asia and africa. in the present study, the suitability of using mice to study pathogenesis of hs was assessed using mortality, mean death time and bacterial multiplication in vital organs after infection with live p multocida. mice were infected with 10(5), 10(3) and 10(1)cfu of p. multocida b:2 via intranasal and subcutaneous routes along with control groups. bacterial multiplication in lung, l ...201323239257
pasteurella multocida.(preface). 201223230602
mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mtorc1) plays a role in pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt)-induced protein synthesis and proliferation in swiss 3t3 cells.pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt) is a potent mitogen known to activate several signaling pathways via deamidation of a conserved glutamine residue in the α subunit of heterotrimeric g-proteins. however, the detailed mechanism behind mitogenic properties of pmt is unknown. herein, we show that pmt induces protein synthesis, cell migration, and proliferation in serum-starved swiss 3t3 cells. concomitantly pmt induces phosphorylation of ribosomal s6 kinase (s6k1) and its substrate, ribosomal s6 pr ...201323223576
immune responses against chimeric dna and protein vaccines composed of plpen-omph and plpec-omph from pasteurella multocida a:3 in mice.pasteurella multocida is a pathogenic bacterium causing many diseases that are of significant economic importance to livestock industries. outer membrane protein h (omph) gene and two fragments of pasteurella lipoprotein e (plpe) gene, namely plpen and plpec, were cloned from p. multocida a:3. three dna vaccine formulations, namely pcmv-omph, pcmv-plpen-omph and pcmv-plpec-omph and two protein-based prototype vaccines, alum adjuvanted plpen-omph and plpec-omph, were generated. antibody levels we ...201223195557
evaluation of serovar-independent elisa antigens of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in pigs following vaccination or experimental challenge with respiratory pathogens and natural a. pleuropneumoniae serovar 1 challenge.to compare the sensitivity and cross-reactivity of six serological enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) based on serovar-independent antigens of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (app).201223186091
single-molecular enzymatic elongation of hyaluronan polymers visualized by high-speed atomic force microscopy.using high-speed scanning atomic force microscopy, we directly observed single-molecular enzymatic elongation of hyaluronan polymer chains at intervals of 10 s on a mica or lipid bilayer surface, on which pasteurella multocida hyaluronic acid synthase (pmhas) was immobilized. the reaction was started by the addition of both udp-glucuronic acid and udp-n-acetylglucosamine monomers. the average catalytic elongation rate constant (k(cat)) was found to be 1.8 mer s(-1) from one active enzyme physica ...201223181584
substrate specificity of pasteurella multocida toxin for α subunits of heterotrimeric g proteins.pasteurella multocida is the causative agent of a number of epizootic and zoonotic diseases. its major virulence factor associated with atrophic rhinitis in animals and dermonecrosis in bite wounds is p. multocida toxin (pmt). pmt stimulates signal transduction pathways downstream of heterotrimeric g proteins, leading to effects such as mitogenicity, blockade of apoptosis, or inhibition of osteoblast differentiation. on the basis of gα(i2), it was demonstrated that the toxin deamidates an essent ...201323150526
cirrhosis, cellulitis and cats: a 'purrfect' combination for life-threatening spontaneous bacterial peritonitis from pasteurella multocida.pasteurella multocida is a gram-negative coccobacillus that colonises the upper airways of many animals, in particular, dogs and cats. it acts as an opportunistic infection in humans following an animal bite or scratch and is associated with soft tissue infections, septicaemia and pneumonia, particularly in patients with a compromised immune response, such as patients with liver failure. spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (sbp) is a serious complication of cirrhosis with a death rate of 10-15%. w ...201223148403
modification of heterotrimeric g-proteins in swiss 3t3 cells stimulated with pasteurella multocida toxin.many bacterial toxins covalently modify components of eukaryotic signalling pathways in a highly specific manner, and can be used as powerful tools to decipher the function of their molecular target(s). the pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt) mediates its cellular effects through the activation of members of three of the four heterotrimeric g-protein families, g(q), g(12) and g(i). pmt has been shown by others to lead to the deamidation of recombinant gα(i) at gln-205 to inhibit its intrinsic gtpa ...201223144805
structure and biosynthetic locus of the lipopolysaccharide outer core produced by pasteurella multocida serovars 8 and 13 and the identification of a novel phospho-glycero moiety.pasteurella multocida strains are classified into 16 heddleston serovars on the basis of the lipopolysaccharide (lps) antigens expressed on the surface of the bacteria. the lps structure and the corresponding lps outer core biosynthesis loci of strains belonging to serovars 1, 2, 3, 5, 9 and 14 have been characterized, revealing a clear structural basis for serovar classification. however, several of these serovars are genetically related, sharing the same lps outer core biosynthesis locus, but ...201323118207
haemophilus parainfluenzae has a limited core lipopolysaccharide repertoire with no phase variation.cell surface lipopolysaccharide (lps) is a well characterized virulence determinant for the human pathogen haemophilus influenzae, so an investigation of lps in the less pathogenic haemophilus parainfluenzae could yield important insights. using a panel of 18 commensal h. parainfluenzae isolates we demonstrate that the set of genes for inner core lps biosynthesis largely resembles that of h. influenzae, with an additional heptosyltransferase i gene similar to waac from pasteurella multocida. inn ...201323093380
pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic integration and modelling of marbofloxacin in calves for mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida.the pharmacokinetics (pk) and pharmacodynamics (pd) of marbofloxacin were established in calves for six strains of each of the pneumonia pathogens mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida. the distribution of marbofloxacin into inflamed (exudate) and non-inflamed (transudate) tissue cage fluids allowed comparison with the serum concentration-time profile. to establish the pd profile, minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) was determined in mueller-hinton broth (mhb) and calf serum. moder ...201323084327
a catastrophic event caused by pasteurella multocida in an alcoholic cirrhotic patient. 201223082712
cross-protection against fowl cholera disease with the use of recombinant pasteurella multocida fhab2 peptides vaccine.it has been demonstrated that fhab2 (filamentous hemagglutinin) is an important virulence factor for pasteurella multocida in development of fowl cholera disease and that vaccination with recombinant fhab2 peptides derived from p. multocida, p-1059 (serotype a:3) protects turkeys against p-1059 challenge. here the hypothesis that vaccination with the same rfhab2 peptides could cross-protect turkeys against challenge with p. multocida chi73 (serotype a:1) was examined. three rfhab2 peptides were ...201223050479
molecular epidemiologic investigation of polish avian pasteurella multocida strains isolated from fowl cholera outbreaks showing restricted geographical and host-specific distribution.molecular epidemiologic analyses of the 42 clinical isolates of pasteurella multocida from various avian hosts (geese, ducks, turkeys, and laying hens) in poland from 2001 to 2011, including a single reference strain, were performed by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (eric)-pcr, single primer pcr, and repetitive extragenic palindromic (rep)-pcr. forty-two isolates were identified as p. multocida (serotype a). the majority of p. multocida strains were obtained from waterfowl clust ...201223050470
[pasteurella multocida: a rare cause of cerebral abscess]. 201223044081
ceftaroline versus isolates from animal bite wounds: comparative in vitro activities against 243 isolates, including 156 pasteurella species isolates.more than 5 million americans are bitten by animals, usually dogs, annually. bite patients comprise ∼1% of all patients who visit emergency departments (300,000/year), and approximately 10,000 require hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics. ceftaroline is the bioactive component of the prodrug ceftaroline fosamil, which is fda approved for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (absssis), including those containing methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mr ...201223027193
profiling of virulence associated genes of pasteurella multocida isolated from cattle.pasteurella multocida is a causative agent of many major diseases of which haemorrhagic septiciemia (hs) in cattle & a buffalo is responsible for significant losses to livestock sector in india and south asia. the disease outcome is affected by various host- and pathogen-specific determinants. several bacterial species-specific putative virulence factors including the capsular and virulence associated genes have been proposed to play a key role in this interaction. a total of 23 isolates of p. m ...201323007877
coronavirus infection in intensively managed cattle with respiratory disease.a detailed laboratory investigation identified bovine coronavirus (bcov) as the aetiological agent in an outbreak of respiratory disease at a semi-intensive beef cattle feedlot in south-east australia. the outbreak caused 30% morbidity in the resident population and also affected two cohorts of cattle that were newly introduced to the property.201223004228
the ompa family of proteins: roles in bacterial pathogenesis and immunity.the ompa family of outer membrane proteins is a group of genetically related, heat-modifiable, surface-exposed, porin proteins that are in high-copy number in the outer membrane of mainly gram-negative bacteria. ompa proteins are characterized by an n-terminal domain that forms an eight-stranded, anti-parallel β barrel, which is embedded in the outer membrane. the c-terminal domain is globular and located in the periplasmic space. escherichia coli ompa is the best characterized of the proteins. ...201322986056
susceptibility of canine and feline bacterial pathogens to pradofloxacin and comparison with other fluoroquinolones approved for companion animals.in this study, 908 bacterial pathogens from defined infections of dogs and cats were tested for their susceptibility to the novel fluoroquinolone pradofloxacin, which was approved in 2011 for use in cats and dogs. most of the bacteria tested (staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus pseudintermedius, escherichia coli, β-haemolytic streptococci, pasteurella multocida and bordetella bronchiseptica) exhibited low pradofloxacin mic(90) values of ≤ 0.25 μg/ml. solely proteus spp. and pseudomonas aerugin ...201322939523
inhibition of protein synthesis on the ribosome by tildipirosin compared with other veterinary macrolides.tildipirosin is a 16-membered-ring macrolide developed to treat bacterial pathogens, including mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida, that cause respiratory tract infections in cattle and swine. here we evaluated the efficacy of tildipirosin at inhibiting protein synthesis on the ribosome (50% inhibitory concentration [ic(50)], 0.23 ± 0.01 μm) and compared it with the established veterinary macrolides tylosin, tilmicosin, and tulathromycin. mutation and methylation at key rrna nucleot ...201222926570
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