Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| determination of ceftiofur derivatives in serum, endometrial tissue, and lochia in puerperal dairy cows after subcutaneous administration of ceftiofur crystalline free acid. | puerperal uterine infections are often associated with decreased reproductive performance in dairy cows. routine treatment protocols include the systemic administration of antibiotics. antibiotic drugs, however, should be administered daily over at least 5 d. the objective of this study was to determine concentrations of ceftiofur derivatives in serum, endometrial tissue, and lochia after subcutaneous administration of ceftiofur crystalline free acid in 6 clinically healthy puerperal dairy cows ... | 2011 | 21183038 |
| chemo-bacterial synthesis and immunoreactivity of a brain hnk-1 analogue. | this work reports the synthesis and the biological validation of a trisaccharide analogue of the hnk-1 epitope. the 3-o-sulfo-β-d-glcpa-(1→3)-β-d-galp-(1→4)-β-d-glcp-allyl has been prepared by enzymatic glucuronylation of allyl lactoside by an engineered recombinant escherichia coli strain followed by a chemoselective sulfation. subsequent covalent attachment of the ozone-oxidised trisaccharide to bovine serum albumin provided a neo-glycoconjugate, which has been interrogated with antibodies spe ... | 2010 | 21176892 |
| cbsa-147 for the preparation of bacterial biofilms in a microchannel reactor. | whole cells are attractive biocatalysts, particularly if the reaction requires cofactors or involves multiple transformations. immobilization of the catalyst is often a prerequisite for continuous processes. the highly cationic chemically modified plasma protein bovine serum albumin (cbsa-147) has been applied for the electrostatically mediated immobilization of the planktonic bacterium e. coli bl21 star (de3), and the resulting biofilms were superior to those formed on poly-l-lysine coated surf ... | 2010 | 21171712 |
| reduction of escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella in ground beef using lactic acid bacteria and the impact on sensory properties. | studies were conducted to determine whether four strains of lactic acid bacteria (lab) inhibited escherichia coli o157: h7 and salmonella in ground beef at 5 degrees c and whether these bacteria had an impact on the sensory properties of the beef. the lab consisted of frozen concentrated cultures of four lactobacillus strains, and a cocktail mixture of streptomycin-resistant e. coli o157:h7 and salmonella were used as pathogens. individual lab isolates at 10(7) cfu/ml were added to tryptic soy b ... | 2005 | 21132964 |
| evaluation of culture- and pcr-based detection methods for escherichia coli o157:h7 in inoculated ground beeft. | currently, several beef processors employ test-and-hold systems for increased quality control of ground beef. in such programs, each lot of product must be tested and found negative for escherichia coli o157:h7 prior to release of the product into commerce. optimization of three testing attributes (detection time, specificity, and sensitivity) is critical to the success of such strategies. because ground beef is a highly perishable product, the testing methodology used must be as rapid as possib ... | 2005 | 21132961 |
| production of active recombinant eif5a: reconstitution in e.coli of eukaryotic hypusine modification of eif5a by its coexpression with modifying enzymes. | eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5a (eif5a) is the only cellular protein that contains the polyamine-modified lysine, hypusine [n(ε)-(4-amino-2-hydroxybutyl)lysine]. hypusine occurs only in eukaryotes and certain archaea, but not in eubacteria. it is formed post-translationally by two consecutive enzymatic reactions catalyzed by deoxyhypusine synthase (dhs) and deoxyhypusine hydroxylase (dohh). hypusine modification is essential for the activity of eif5a and for eukaryotic cell prolifera ... | 2010 | 21131325 |
| molecular typing of antimicrobial-resistant shiga-toxin-producing escherichia coli strains (stec) in brazil. | antimicrobial resistance patterns and molecular characteristics were determined in thirty-two shiga-toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) strains previously identified in são paulo state associated with human infections (n = 21) and in cattle feces (n = 11). the highest resistance rates were identified for tetracycline (100%), streptomycin (78%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (56%). eleven stec strains showed resistance to ampicillin and carried bla(tem) that was confirmed as bla(tem-1) in ... | 2010 | 21126577 |
| high sensitive protein detection by hollow fiber membrane interface based protein enrichment and in situ fluorescence derivatization. | a novel device, composed of a syringe pump for sample loading, a hydrophilic hollow fiber membrane interface for protein concentration and small molecules removal, and a centrifugation tube for buffer exchange, was designed for protein preconcentration and in situ fluorescence derivatization. with the outlet of the interface blocked, denatured proteins were continually introduced. restricted by the membrane with the molecular weight cutoff (mwco) of 3000da, proteins were concentrated within the ... | 2010 | 21123123 |
| conjugation and fluorescence quenching between bovine serum albumin and l-cysteine capped cdse/cds quantum dots. | water-soluble, biological-compatible, and excellent fluorescent cdse/cds quantum dots (qds) with l-cysteine as capping agent were synthesized in aqueous medium. fluorescence (fl) spectra, absorption spectra, and transmission electron microscopy (tem) were employed to investigate the quality of the products. the interactions between qds and bovine serum albumin (bsa) were studied by absorption and fl titration experiments. with addition of qds, the fl intensity of bsa was significantly quenched w ... | 2011 | 21121888 |
| comparative kinetics of escherichia coli- and staphylococcus aureus-specific activation of key immune pathways in mammary epithelial cells demonstrates that s. aureus elicits a delayed response dominated by interleukin-6 (il-6) but not by il-1a or tumor necrosis factor alpha. | infections of the udder by escherichia coli very often elicit acute inflammation, while staphylococcus aureus infections tend to cause mild, subclinical inflammation and persistent infections. the molecular causes underlying the different disease patterns are poorly understood. we therefore profiled the kinetics and extents of global changes in the transcriptome of primary bovine mammary epithelial cells (mec) after challenging them with heat-inactivated preparations of e. coli or s. aureus path ... | 2010 | 21115717 |
| verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli o157 in beef and sheep abattoirs in ireland and characterisation of isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and multi-locus variable number of tandem repeat analysis. | this study aimed to investigate verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli o157 in the largest beef and sheep slaughter plants in ireland over a one-year period. samples consisted of pooled rectal swabs (n=407) and pooled carcass swabs (n=407) from 5 animals belonging to the same herd or flock and minced meat (n=91) from the same sampling date. e. coli o157 isolates were characterised using pcr for a range of genes, i.e. 16s, rfbe, flic, vtx1, vtx2, eaea and confirmed vtec o157 isolates were tested for ... | 2010 | 21115208 |
| molecular and epidemiological characterization of bovine intrauterine escherichia coli. | escherichia coli are believed to be associated with postpartum metritis and endometritis but their role in the pathogenesis of both diseases is still undefined. in this study, uterine swabs for e. coli isolation were collected from 374 lactating holstein cows housed on 4 commercial farms near ithaca, new york. a total, 125 of 374 cows (33.4%) were positive for e. coli culture. standard multiplex pcr protocols were used to screen the isolates for the presence of 32 virulence factor genes. cows th ... | 2010 | 21094754 |
| survival of escherichia coli o157:h7 in ruminal or fecal contents incubated with corn or wheat dried distillers' grains with solubles. | dried distillers' grain with solubles (ddgs) is a by-product of ethanol production, and its use as cattle feed has increased as a result of the expansion of the fuel ethanol industry. however, the inclusion of corn ddgs into feedlot diets may increase the shedding of escherichia coli o157:h7. this study investigated whether corn or wheat ddgs at 2 concentrations (20% or 40% vs. 100% barley grain) affected the survival of e. coli o157:h7 in incubations of ruminal digesta and feces. neither the ty ... | 2010 | 21076479 |
| highly selective l-threonine 3-dehydrogenase from cupriavidus necator and its use in determination of l-threonine. | l-threonine level in blood plasma is a biomarker of some diseases and nitrogen imbalance in the body. the determination of l-threonine is interesting and is required for diagnosis and management of inherited metabolic disorder. this is the first report of the specific enzymatic determination of l-threonine by a newly discovered l-threonine 3-dehydrogenase (thrdh, ec 1.1.1.103) from cupriavidus necator nbrc 102504. thrdh, a key enzyme in l-threonine catabolism in microorganisms and animals, catal ... | 2010 | 21073854 |
| microbiological quality and antibiotic residues in informally marketed raw cow milk within the coastal savannah zone of ghana. | to investigate the microbiological quality and the presence of antibiotic residues in raw cow milk and in some indigenous milk products produced and marketed by the informal sector in the coastal savannah zone of ghana. | 2010 | 21070512 |
| risk ranking: investigating expert and public differences in evaluating food safety hazards. | the allocation of resources with respect to food safety issues requires that decision makers prioritize these issues, which may conflict with the public's opinions on these matters. the purpose of this study was to compare how canadian expert and lay respondents rank different food hazards, with a view to better understanding their underlying rationales for making decisions on food safety. a carnegie mellon risk ranking model was adapted for use by individuals with different backgrounds to rank ... | 2010 | 21067676 |
| carbon nanoparticles in lateral flow methods to detect genes encoding virulence factors of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli. | the use of carbon nanoparticles is shown for the detection and identification of different shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli virulence factors (vt1, vt2, eae and ehxa) and a 16s control (specific for e. coli) based on the use of lateral flow strips (nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay, nalfia). prior to the detection with nalfia, a rapid amplification method with tagged primers was applied. in the evaluation of the optimised nalfia strips, no cross-reactivity was found for any of the anti ... | 2010 | 21046083 |
| conjugates of bovine serum albumin with chitin oligosaccharides prepared through the maillard reaction. | chitin neoglycoconjugates (bsa-co) were obtained by the conjugation of bovine serum albumin (bsa) with chitin oligosaccharides (co) through the maillard reaction (nonenzymatic glycation). co produced by acid hydrolysis of chitin were fractionated using an ultrafiltration membrane system (1-3 kda cutoff). the maillard reaction was carried out by heating a freeze-dried mixture containing bsa and co at 60 °c (under 43% relative humidity for 6 and 12 h). bsa-co were characterized by available amino ... | 2010 | 21043451 |
| associations between antimicrobial use and the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in fecal escherichia coli from feedlot cattle in western canada. | a randomized, controlled, blinded clinical trial was performed at a research feedlot in western canada. auction-market-derived steers (n = 288) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: 1) no antimicrobials on arrival; 2) oxytetracycline in the starter ration for 14 d; and 3) long-acting oxytetracycline subcutaneously on day 0. minimal inhibitory concentrations of 7 antimicrobials were determined for 3 generic fecal e. coli isolates per animal on arrival and throughout the feeding period. the ... | 2010 | 21037885 |
| verotoxins in bovine and meat verotoxin-producing escherichia coli isolates: type, number of variants, and relationship to cytotoxicity. | in this study, we determined vt subtypes and evaluated verotoxicity in basal as well as induced conditions of verotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec) strains isolated from cattle and meat products. most (87%) of the 186 isolates carried a vt(2) gene. moreover, the vt(2) subtype, which is associated with serious disease, was present in 42% of our vtec collection. the other vt subtypes detected were vt(1), vt(1d), vt(2vha), vt(2vhb), vt(2o118), vt(2d) (mucus activatable), and vt(2g). a total o ... | 2010 | 21037301 |
| the effect of cattle manure cultivation on moisture content and survival of escherichia coli. | a new practice whereby wet slurry is added daily to the cattle manure bedding at the barn and cultivated has been developed in israel. the objective of the present study was to examine the effect of manure cultivation on the persistence of escherichia coli in a model system. a cow manure-derived e. coli strain was tagged with green fluorescence protein (gfp) and antibiotic resistance markers and was used to inoculate cow manure in 10-l buckets. after 3 successive cycles of inoculation and cultiv ... | 2010 | 21036939 |
| occurrence of foodborne pathogens and characterization of staphylococcus aureus in cheese produced on farm-dairies. | the objective of this study was to address knowledge gaps identified in an earlier risk assessment of staphylococcus aureus and raw milk cheese. a survey of fresh and short-time ripened cheeses produced on farm-dairies in sweden was conducted to investigate the occurrence and levels of s. aureus, listeria monocytogenes and escherichia coli, to characterize s. aureus isolates with special emphasis on enterotoxin genes, antibiotic resistance, bio-typing and genetic variation, and to collect inform ... | 2010 | 21035884 |
| effects of restricted antimicrobial exposure on antimicrobial resistance in fecal escherichia coli from feedlot cattle. | the primary objective was to evaluate differences in antimicrobial resistance among enteric bacteria recovered from feedlot cattle that were being raised without exposure to antimicrobial drugs (amds) and those reared using conventional practices. | 2010 | 21034271 |
| a tool based on ligation detection reaction-universal array (ldr-ua) for the characterization of vtec by identification of virulence-associated and serogroup-specific genes. | verocytoxigenic escherichia coli (vtec) are zoonotic pathogens whose natural reservoir is represented by ruminants, particularly cattle. infections are mainly acquired by consumption of undercooked contaminated food of animal origin, contact with infected animals and contaminated environment. vtec o157 is the most frequently isolated serogroup from cases of human disease, however, other vtec serogroups, such as o26, o111, o145 and o103, are increasingly reported as causing hemolytic uremic syndr ... | 2010 | 20969949 |
| giant panda ribosomal protein s14: cdna, genomic sequence cloning, sequence analysis, and overexpression. | rps14 is a component of the 40s ribosomal subunit encoded by the rps14 gene and is required for its maturation. the cdna and the genomic sequence of rps14 were cloned successfully from the giant panda (ailuropoda melanoleuca) using rt-pcr technology and touchdown-pcr, respectively; they were both sequenced and analyzed. the length of the cloned cdna fragment was 492 bp; it contained an open-reading frame of 456 bp, encoding 151 amino acids. the length of the genomic sequence is 3421 bp; it conta ... | 2010 | 20957604 |
| associations between the presence of virulence determinants and the epidemiology and ecology of zoonotic escherichia coli. | the severity of human infection with pathogenic escherichia coli depends on two major virulence determinants (eae and stx) that, respectively, produce intimin and shiga toxin. in cattle, both may enhance colonization, but whether this increases fitness by enhancing cattle-to-cattle transmission in the field is unknown. in e. coli o157, the almost uniform presence of the virulence determinants in cattle isolates prevents comparative analysis. the availability to this study of extensive non-o157 e ... | 2010 | 20952647 |
| expression and processing of the tmem70 protein. | tmem70 protein represents a novel ancillary factor of mammalian atp synthase. we have investigated import and processing of this factor in human cells using gfp- and flag-tagged forms of tmem70 and specific antibodies. tmem70 is synthesized as a 29kda precursor protein that is processed to a 21kda mature form. immunocytochemical detection of tmem70 showed mitochondrial colocalization with mitotracker red and atp synthase. western blot of subcellular fractions revealed the highest signal of tmem7 ... | 2010 | 20937241 |
| towards preparative-scale, biocatalytic alkene reductions. | simple strategies for using alkene reductase enzymes to produce gram-scale quantities of both (r)- and (s)-citronellal have been developed. the methodology is easily accessible to non-specialist laboratories, allowing alkene reductases to be added to the toolbox of routine synthetic transformations. | 2010 | 20922215 |
| evaluation of virulence factor profiling in the characterization of veterinary escherichia coli isolates. | escherichia coli has been used as an indicator organism for fecal contamination of water and other environments and is often a commensal organism in healthy animals, yet a number of strains can cause disease in young or immunocompromised animals. in this study, 281 e. coli isolates from bovine, porcine, chicken, canine, equine, feline, and other veterinary sources were analyzed by boxa1r pcr and by virulence factor profiling of 35 factors to determine whether they had utility in identifying the ... | 2010 | 20889790 |
| helical crystallization of two example membrane proteins msba and the ca(2+)-atpase. | helical crystallization is a powerful tool for the moderate resolution structure determination of integral membrane proteins, where the insight gained often includes domain architecture and the disposition of α-helical segments. a necessary first step toward helical crystallization involves membrane protein reconstitution, which itself is a powerful technique for structure-function studies of integral membrane proteins. the correct insertion of a detergent-solubilized, purified membrane protein ... | 2010 | 20888473 |
| identification of α-tubulin as an autoantigen recognized by sera from patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus. | in a previous study we found in 50% of patients with neuropsychiatric manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (np-sle) organ specific antibodies to 45-56 kd proteins in a 100,000 g supernatant (sn) from bovine brain mitochondria. aim of the present study was to identify the corresponding target antigen. a 100,000 g sn from bovine brain mitochondria was applied to sds-gel electrophoresis. a 50 kd band recognized by sera from patients with np-sle in the western blot (wb) was excised from th ... | 2010 | 20884345 |
| plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene detected in escherichia coli from cattle. | fluoroquinolones resistance in bacteria can be due to chromosomal and plasmid-mediated mechanisms. of growing concern is the acquisition of genes encoding quinolone resistance in combination with other resistance mechanisms such as extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. in this study we describe the identification of an isolate of escherichia coli from cattle which carried qnrs1 in combination with a blactx-m gene, although they were not co-localised on the same plasmid. in addition, using a dna arr ... | 2010 | 20884136 |
| complete genome sequence of vb_ecom_eco1230-10: a coliphage with therapeutic potential for bovine metritis. | escherichia coli is one of the most important pathogens associated with puerperal metritis in dairy cows. phage therapy has emerged as attractive therapeutic alternative in the control of multidrug-resistant pathogens. in this study, we present the complete genome sequence of vb_ecom_eco1230-10 (referred in this manuscript as eco1230-10), a lytic e. coli phage isolated from dairy farms' manure systems. ultrastructure of the phage revealed that eco1230-10 belongs to myoviridae family. the genome ... | 2010 | 20875932 |
| evaluation of phenylthiocarbamoyl-derivatized peptides by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry: selective isolation and analysis of modified multiply charged peptides for liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry experiments. | edman degradation in the gas phase has been observed by collision activated dissociation of n-terminal phenylthiocarbamoyl (ptc) protonated peptide to yield abundant complementary b₁ and y(n-1) ion pairs. here, we demonstrated the relation between the observed losses of aniline and/or the entire ptc derivatizing group with the availability of mobile protons using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. in order to select the peptides with more efficient fragmentation, while simplifying the mi ... | 2010 | 20853852 |
| use of model super-shedders to define the role of pen floor and hide contamination in the transmission of escherichia coli o157:h7. | super-shedders, cattle shedding at least 10(4) cfu of escherichia coli o157:h7 per gram of feces, increase the risks of contaminating the food chain and disseminating the organism through cattle populations. because detecting super-shedders in cattle populations is laborious and time-consuming, a study was conducted to evaluate the role of hide and pen-floor contamination by model super shedders (mss) in transmission of e. coli o157:h7. steers (n = 48) negative for e. coli o157:h7 were allocated ... | 2011 | 20852081 |
| application of high pressure processing to reduce verotoxigenic e. coli in two types of dry-fermented sausage. | the effect of high pressure processing (hpp) on the survival of verotoxigenic escherichia coli (vtec) in two types of norwegian type dry-fermented sausages was studied. two different types of recipes for each sausage type were produced. the sausage batter was inoculated with 6.8 log(10) cfu/g of vtec o103:h25. after fermentation, drying and maturation, slices of finished sausages were vacuum packed and subjected to two treatment regimes of hpp. one group was treated at 600 mpa for 10 min and ano ... | 2010 | 20832952 |
| a major ige epitope of rainbow trout collagen alpha2 chain. | bovine collagen is allergenic and its major ige epitope has already been identified. fish collagen is also allergenic but shows no ige cross-reactivity with bovine collagen, implying that it has specific ige epitopes. therefore, this study was initiated to elucidate ige epitopes of rainbow trout collagen alpha2 chain. five overlapping proteins (r1-5; 221 or 225 amino acids long with an offset of 205 amino acids) covering the entire sequence of the rainbow trout collagen alpha2 chain were express ... | 2010 | 20827051 |
| genetic variations in shiga toxin-producing abilities of bovine and human escherichia coli o157:h7. | cattle are a primary reservoir of escherichia coli o157:h7, a major foodborne pathogen. the organism causes haemorrhagic colitis which can lead to serious complications, including haemolytic-uraemic syndrome. although e. coli o157:h7 is widely prevalent in cattle and cattle environments, the number of human cases remain relatively low, suggesting possible strain diversity and differences in virulence between human and bovine strains. shiga toxins, stx1 and stx2, are the major virulence factors. ... | 2011 | 20819202 |
| [benefit of clinical and laboratory parameters for the diagnosis of endometritis in dairy cows]. | the goal of this work was to answer the question of whether or not there are significant differences between cows with abnormal vaginal discharge and cows with the diagnosis of puerperal or chronic endometritis, using blood and urine parameters. in addition, cows with and without vaginal discharge were examined for significant bacteriological differences in uterine mucous samples. the question of false positive and false negatives from the diagnosis of endometritis was also investigated. a total ... | 2010 | 20814859 |
| development of a bacillus subtilis-based rotavirus vaccine. | bacillus subtilis vaccine strains engineered to express either group a bovine or murine rotavirus vp6 were tested in adult mice for their ability to induce immune responses and provide protection against rotavirus challenge. mice were inoculated intranasally with spores or vegetative cells of the recombinant strains of b. subtilis. to enhance mucosal immunity, whole cholera toxin (ct) or a mutant form (r192g) of escherichia coli heat-labile toxin (mlt) were included as adjuvants. to evaluate vac ... | 2010 | 20810679 |
| family outbreak of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli o123:h-, france, 2009. | 2010 | 20735944 | |
| the effect of immunomodulating drugs on the percentage of apoptotic and necrotic lymphocytes in inflammatory infiltrations in the muscle tissue of mice infected with trichinella spiralis. | in order to determine the effect of apoptosis and necrosis on the intensity of the muscular phase of infection by trichinella spiralis, male cfw mice were orally infected with t. spiralis larvae and treated with some immunomodulating drugs: calf thymus extract (tfx), lipopolysaccharide from escherichia coli (lps), and dexametasone (dex). treatment with tfx increased the proportion of apoptotic lymphocytes and decreased the proportion of necrotic lymphocytes from 14 to 60 days after infection in ... | 2010 | 20731176 |
| phylogeny, virulence factors and antimicrobial susceptibility of escherichia coli isolated in clinical bovine mastitis. | the aim of this study was to identify specific phylogeny groups, virulence genes or antimicrobial resistance traits of escherichia coli isolated in bovine mastitis associated to clinical signs, persistence of intramammary infection in the quarter and recovery from mastitis. a total of 154 e. coli isolates from bovine clinical mastitis, 144 from the acute stage and 10 from follow-up samples 3 weeks later, originating from 144 cows in 65 dairy herds in southern finland were investigated. phylogeny ... | 2011 | 20729012 |
| poly(vinyl benzoate) nanoparticles for molecular delivery: studies on their preparation and in vitro properties. | the preparation and properties of poly(vinyl benzoate) nanoparticle suspensions as molecular carriers are described for the first time. these nanoparticles can be formed by nanoprecipitation of commercial poly(vinyl benzoate) in water using pluronic f68 as surfactant, to create spherical nanostructures measuring 200-250nm in diameter. these nanoparticles are stable in phosphate buffer and blood serum, and only slowly degrade in the presence of esterases. pluronic f68 stabilizes the nanoparticle ... | 2010 | 20728487 |
| influence of hydrological conditions on the escherichia coli population structure in the water of a creek on a rural watershed. | escherichia coli is a commensal bacterium of the gastro-intestinal tract of human and vertebrate animals, although the aquatic environment could be a secondary habitat. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hydrological conditions on the structure of the e. coli population in the water of a creek on a small rural watershed in france composed of pasture and with human occupation. | 2010 | 20723241 |
| cryptosporidium infection in herds with and without calf diarrhoeal problems. | a case-control study was designed to investigate the role of different cryptosporidium spp. in swedish dairy herds with and without calf diarrhoeal problems. faecal samples were collected from preweaned calves, young stock and cows. cryptosporidium oocysts were detected by sodium chloride flotation and epifluorescence microscopy. molecular diagnostics were used to identify cryptosporidium species. samples containing c. parvum were further analysed to determine subtypes. calf faecal samples were ... | 2010 | 20714750 |
| enumeration and strain characterization of fecal escherichia coli associated with feeding triticale dried distillers grain with solubles in beef cattle diets. | triticale dried distillers grain with solubles (tddgs), a major by-product of the bioethanol industry, has potential for utilization in animal feed. this study investigated the changes in generic fecal escherichia coli strains associated with inclusion of tddgs in cattle diets. within this study, a longitudinal experiment (112 days) examined the effect of step-up increasing tddgs inclusion from control to a final diet containing 30% tddgs among cattle (n = 4), and a short-term experiment (28 day ... | 2010 | 20707734 |
| ctx-m-type extended-spectrum β-lactamases present in escherichia coli from the feces of cattle in ohio, united states. | ctx-m extended-spectrum β-lactamases are enzymes produced by bacteria that are capable of inhibiting the antimicrobial effects of cephalosporin drugs. recently, the first domestically acquired salmonella in the united states expressing bla(ctx-m) was reported. this is a concern because expanded-spectrum cephalosporins are the treatment of choice for invasive gram-negative infections, including salmonellosis in children. because salmonella transmission is primarily foodborne, there is also concer ... | 2010 | 20707724 |
| comparison of detection methods for escherichia coli o157 in beef livers and carcasses. | beef organ meat, such as liver, and beef are major food sources contaminated with escherichia coli o157. this study investigated the detection method of e. coli o157 in beef liver and carcass. in an experiment with beef liver inoculated with e. coli o157, the direct plating method, plating after the immunomagnetic separation (ims) method, and shiga toxin (stx)-producing e. coli detection and e. coli o157 detection loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assays were compared for the detecti ... | 2010 | 20704509 |
| occurrence and characterization of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli in raw meat, raw milk, and street vended juices in bangladesh. | the major objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of shiga toxin (stx)-producing escherichia coli (stec) in different types of food samples and to compare their genetic relatedness with stec strains previously isolated from animal sources in bangladesh. we investigated a total of 213 food samples, including 90 raw meat samples collected from retail butcher shops, 20 raw milk samples from domestic cattle, and 103 fresh juice samples from street vendors in dhaka city. we found th ... | 2010 | 20704491 |
| phenotypic and molecular characterization of clinically isolated escherichia coli. | all diarrheagenic escherichia coli carry at least one virulence-related property. stool samples from 244 patients having acute or persistent diarrhea received after the exclusion of routine enteropathogens were investigated. purely or predominantly isolated e. coli (n = 100) were subjected to serotyping, of which only 25 were typable. they belonged to 14 different o-serogroups comprising 5 o153, 4 o102, 3 o25, 2 each of o130 and o169, and 1 each of o1, o8, o15, o37, o86, o101, o127, o143, and o1 ... | 2010 | 20699512 |
| characterization of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli isolated from dairy cows in argentina. | to feno-genotypically characterize the shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) population in argentinean dairy cows. | 2010 | 20695993 |
| characterization of monoclonal antibodies against goat interleukin-18 and their application in the measurement of goat interleukin-18 in lps-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells by sandwich elisa. | in order to develop a specific assay for the measurement of goat il-18 level, two stable hybridoma cell lines were established which secreted igg1 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against goat il-18. specific binding of two mabs named 2e8 and 4c4 to recombinant goat il-18 expressed in escherichia coli was demonstrated in an elisa and western blotting. results also showed that mabs 2e8 and 4c4 bound to distinct epitopes in the elisa additivity test. these two mabs were applied in ifa analysis for the ... | 2010 | 20692710 |
| escherichia coli o157:h7 recent advances in research on occurrence, transmission, and control in cattle and the production environment. | escherichia coli o157:h7 is a zoonotic pathogen that is an important cause of human foodborne and waterborne disease, with a spectrum of illnesses ranging from asymptomatic carriage and diarrhea to the sometimes fatal hemolytic uremic syndrome. outbreaks of e. coli o157:h7 disease are often associated with undercooked beef, but there are other sources of transmission, including water, produce, and animal contact, which can often be linked directly or indirectly to cattle. thus, preharvest contro ... | 2010 | 20691954 |
| comparison of phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial profiles in escherichia coli and salmonella enterica from the same dairy cattle farms. | transmission of antimicrobial drug resistance from resistant bacteria to non-resistant strains is an important public health issue. in this study, we have examined the possibility of multiple resistance gene transfer between escherichia coli and salmonella in the natural setting. bacteria isolated from calves concurrently shedding e. coli and salmonella showed similar antimicrobial drug resistance patterns as measured by a broth dilution method. however, microarray analysis of the antibiotic res ... | 2010 | 20688154 |
| potency against enterotoxemia of a recombinant clostridium perfringens type d epsilon toxoid in ruminants. | enterotoxemia, a disease that affects domestic ruminants, is caused mainly by the epsilon toxin from clostridium perfringens type d. its eradication is virtually impossible, control and prophylaxis are based on systematic vaccination of herds with epsilon toxoids that are efficient in inducing protective antibody production. the use of recombinant toxins is one of the most promising of these strategies. this work evaluates the potency of a cl. perfringens type d epsilon toxoid expressed by esche ... | 2010 | 20670910 |
| estimated human health risks from exposure to recreational waters impacted by human and non-human sources of faecal contamination. | this work was conducted to determine whether estimated risks following exposure to recreational waters impacted by gull, chicken, pig, or cattle faecal contamination are substantially different than those associated with waters impacted by human sources such as treated wastewater. previously published quantitative microbial risk assessment (qmra) methods were employed and extended to meet these objectives. health outcomes used in the analyses were infection from reference waterborne pathogens vi ... | 2010 | 20656314 |
| identification of papain-like cysteine proteases from the bovine piroplasm babesia bigemina and evolutionary relationship of piroplasms c1 family of cysteine proteases. | papain-like cysteine proteases have been shown to have essential roles in parasitic protozoa and are under study as promising drug targets. five genes were identified by sequence similarity search to be homologous to the cysteine protease family in the ongoing babesia bigemina genome sequencing project database and were compared with the annotated genes from the complete bovine piroplasm genomes of babesia bovis, theileria annulata, and theileria parva. multiple genome alignments and sequence an ... | 2011 | 20655912 |
| common origin of plasmid encoded alpha-hemolysin genes in escherichia coli. | alpha (alpha)-hemolysin is a pore forming cytolysin and serves as a virulence factor in intestinal and extraintestinal pathogenic strains of e. coli. it was suggested that the genes encoding alpha-hemolysin (hlycabd) which can be found on the chromosome and plasmid, were acquired through horizontal gene transfer. plasmid-encoded alpha-hly is associated with certain enterotoxigenic (etec), shigatoxigenic (stec) and enteropathogenic e. coli (epec) strains. in uropathogenic e. coli (upec), the alph ... | 2010 | 20637130 |
| super shedding of escherichia coli o157:h7 by cattle and the impact on beef carcass contamination. | beef carcass contamination is a direct result of pathogen transfer from cattle hides harboring organisms such as enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli. hide contamination occurs from direct and indirect fecal contamination in cattle production and lairage environments. in each of these environments, individual animals shedding e. coli o157:h7 at high levels (>10(4) cfu/g of feces, hereafter referred to as "super shedders") can have a disproportionate effect on cattle hide and subsequent carcass con ... | 2010 | 20627603 |
| porcine ferrochelatase: the relationship between iron-removal reaction and the conversion of heme to zn-protoporphyrin. | at the terminal step of heme biosynthesis, ferrochelatase (fech) catalyzes the insertion of fe2+ into protoporphyrin to form heme. it is located on the inner membrane of the mitochondria of animals. the enzyme inserts divalent metal ions, including fe2+, co2+, and zn2+, into porphyrins in vitro. we have reported that it can remove fe2+ from heme. to characterize the iron-removal reverse activity of fech, we examined its properties in porcine liver and muscle mitochondria, and isolated porcine fe ... | 2010 | 20622448 |
| shiga toxin producing escherichia coli: identification of non-o157:h7-super-shedding cows and related risk factors. | abstract: | 2010 | 20618953 |
| a clinical approach to determine false positive findings of clinical endometritis by vaginoscopy by the use of uterine bacteriology and cytology in dairy cows. | clinical endometritis in dairy cows is defined as mucopurulent or purulent vulvar discharge 21 days or more after parturition. the diagnosis of clinical endometritis is commonly based on vaginal examination. techniques to reduce the proportions of false negative findings have been described. this paper discusses a clinical approach to determine the proportion of false positive findings that might occur by vaginal inspection. the consequences of false positive findings in dairy practice are unnec ... | 2010 | 20615532 |
| soil versus pond ash surfacing of feedlot pens: occurrence of escherichia coli o157:h7 in cattle and persistence in manure. | reducing escherichia coli o157:h7 in cattle and their manure is critical for reducing the risk for human foodborne and waterborne illness. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of soil and pond ash surfaces for feedlot pens on the prevalence, levels, and/or persistence of naturally occurring e. coli o157:h7 and total e. coli in cattle (feces and hides) and manure. cattle (128 beef heifers) were sorted among 16 pens: 8 surfaced with soil and 8 surfaced with pond ash. the prevale ... | 2010 | 20615339 |
| vaccination with attenuated salmonella enterica dublin expressing e coli o157:h7 outer membrane protein intimin induces transient reduction of fecal shedding of e coli o157:h7 in cattle. | escherichia coli serogroup o157:h7 has emerged as an important zoonotic bacterial pathogen, causing a range of symptoms from self-limiting bloody diarrhea to severe hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic-uremic syndrome in humans. beef and dairy cattle are considered the most important animal reservoirs for this pathogen. one of the important virulence characteristics of e. coli o157:h7 is the eaea gene encoding the 97 kda surface protein intimin. intimin is required for attachment and effacement dur ... | 2010 | 20609252 |
| alterations in coagulation parameters in dairy cows affected with acute mastitis caused by e. coli and s. aureus pathogens. | this study was conducted to evaluate alterations in coagulation parameters in dairy cows affected with acute escherichia coli (e. coli) mastitis and to compare those values to cows affected with staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus ) mastitis. twenty-four, adult holstein-friesian dairy cows affected with acute e. coli mastitis and 17 cows affected with s. aureus mastitis were studied. cows affected with e. coli mastitis had significantly prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aptt) (p < 0. ... | 2010 | 20607398 |
| heterologous high yield expression and purification of neurotensin and its functional fragment in escherichia coli. | peptide synthesis is widely used for the production of small proteins and peptides, but producing uniformly isotopically labelled peptides for nmr and other biophysical studies could be limited for economic reasons. here, we propose a use of a modified pgev-1 plasmid to express neurotensin (nt(1-13)), pglu(1)-leu(2)-tyr(3)-glu(4)-asn(5)-lys(6)-pro(7)-arg(8)-arg(9)-pro(10)-tyr(11)-ile(12)-leu(13)-oh, as a c-terminal fusion protein with the gb1 domain of streptococcal protein g. the free carboxyl- ... | 2010 | 20600945 |
| molecular structure, expression, cell and tissue distribution, immune evolution and cell proliferation of the gene encoding bovine (bos taurus) tnfsf13 (april). | a novel bovine cdna has been isolated by est assembly and subsequently confirmed by using rt-pcr and designated bovine a proliferation-inducing ligand belonging to tnf family (bapril). the open reading frame (orf) of this cdna covers 753 bp, encoding 250 amino acids. the functional soluble part of bapril (bsapril) shows 97% and 92% identity with its pig and human counterparts, respectively, at the level of the primary protein structure. the bapril genomic sequence consists of six exons and five ... | 2010 | 20600273 |
| interaction studies of novel cell selective antimicrobial peptides with model membranes and e. coli atcc 11775. | cationic antimicrobial peptides (camps) are novel candidates for drug development. here we describe design of six short and potent camps (sa-1 to sa-6) based on a minimalist template of 12 residues h+hhg+hh+hh+nh2 (where h: hydrophobic amino acid and +: charged hydrophilic amino acid). designed peptides exhibit good antibacterial activity in micro molar concentration range (1-32 mug/ml) and rapid clearance of gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains at concentrations higher than mic. fo ... | 2010 | 20599694 |
| kinetic and thermodynamic properties of two barley thioredoxin h isozymes, hvtrxh1 and hvtrxh2. | barley thioredoxin h isozymes 1 (hvtrxh1) and barley thioredoxin h isozymes 2 (hvtrxh2) show distinct spatiotemporal distribution in germinating seeds. using a novel approach involving measurement of bidirectional electron transfer rates between escherichia coli thioredoxin, which exhibits redox-dependent fluorescence, and the barley isozymes, reaction kinetics and thermodynamic properties were readily determined. the reaction constants were approximately 60% higher for hvtrxh1 than hvtrxh2, whi ... | 2010 | 20594550 |
| cdna, genomic sequence cloning, and overexpression of eif1 from the giant panda (ailuropoda melanoleuca) and the black bear (ursus thibetanus mupinensis). | eukaryotic initiation factor (eif) eif1 is a universally conserved translation factor that is involved in translation initiation site selection. the cdna and the genomic sequences of eif1 were cloned successfully from the giant panda (ailuropoda melanoleuca) and the black bear (ursus thibetanus mupinensis) using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) technology and touchdown-polymerase chain reaction, respectively. the cdnas of the eif1 cloned from the giant panda and the black ... | 2010 | 20589574 |
| cdna, genomic sequence cloning and overexpression of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene (gapdh) from the giant panda. | gapdh (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) is a key enzyme of the glycolytic pathway and it is related to the occurrence of some diseases. the cdna and the genomic sequence of gapdh were cloned successfully from the giant panda (ailuropoda melanoleuca) using the rt-pcr technology and touchdown-pcr, respectively. both sequences were analyzed preliminarily. the cdna of gapdh cloned from the giant panda is 1191 bp in size, contains an open reading frame of 1002 bp encoding 333 amino acids. th ... | 2010 | 20586183 |
| chemiluminescence of non-differentiated thp-1 promonocytes: developing an assay for screening anti-inflammatory milk proteins and peptides. | human leukemic thp-1 promonocytes are widely used as a model for peripheral blood monocytes. however, superoxide production during respiratory burst (rb) of non-differentiated thp-1 (nd-thp-1) cells is very low. here we present a rapid and low-cost method for measuring the chemiluminescence (cl) of opsonized zymosan (oz) induced rb which allows detection of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) induced priming of nd-thp-1 cells on the basis of cl reaction kinetics. maximum cl intensity obtai ... | 2010 | 20586113 |
| [transition of entheropathogenic and saprotrophic bacteria in the eco-niche cycle: animals-excrement-soil-plants-animals]. | the possibility of transition of saprotrophic and enteropathohenic bacterial populations following the chain of naturally related habitats--fodder-animal gastrointestinal tract (git)-animals excrement-soil-plants and again animals with a cyclic formation--has been investigated quantitatively. all bacteria used in the experiments have been shown to successfully overcome all the mechanical, physical-chemical, and biological barriers in the food chain and to come out into the environment with a qui ... | 2010 | 20583615 |
| antimicrobial activity of soy edible films incorporated with thyme and oregano essential oils on fresh ground beef patties. | antibacterial activity of soy protein edible films (spef) incorporated with 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5% oregano (or) or thyme (th) essential oils was evaluated against escherichia coli, e. coli o157:h7, staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and lactobacillus plantarum by the inhibition zone test. effects of spef containing 5% or and th or a mixture of or+th (ort) were also tested on fresh ground beef during refrigerated storage (at 4 degrees c). or and th incorporated spef exhibited similar antiba ... | 2010 | 20580990 |
| dairy cows with metritis: coxiella burnetii test results in uterine, blood and bulk milk samples. | in cattle, coxiella burnetii infections are generally asymptomatic but can also be associated with reproductive disorders. metritis is considered as one of the symptoms of c. burnetii infections, but reliable information is lacking. therefore, information on the presence of c. burnetii in the uterine content of cows with metritis is important to increase our knowledge on this pathogen. in this study, the uterine content of 45 dairy cows with metritis belonging to 12 herds was tested for c. burne ... | 2011 | 20576366 |
| novel cationic lipids with enhanced gene delivery and antimicrobial activity. | cationic lipids facilitate plasmid delivery, and some cationic sterol-based compounds have antimicrobial activity because of their amphiphilic character. these dual functions are relevant in the context of local ongoing infection during intrapulmonary gene transfer for cystic fibrosis. the transfection activities of two cationic lipids, dexamethasone spermine (ds) and disubstituted spermine (d(2)s), were tested as individual components and mixtures in bovine aortic endothelial cells and a549 cel ... | 2010 | 20573781 |
| control of foodborne pathogens on ready-to-eat roast beef slurry by epsilon-polylysine. | this study evaluates the antimicrobial effectiveness of epsilon-polylysine against escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium and listeria monocytogenes in laboratory media and roast beef slurry. epsilon-polylysine supplemented laboratory media and roast beef slurry were inoculated with three-strain cocktails of each pathogen and survival was periodically monitored using conventional spread plating. inoculated laboratory media was stored at room temperature (22 degrees c) for 48 h, and ino ... | 2010 | 20557966 |
| culture of highly differentiated human retinal pigment epithelium for analysis of the polarized uptake, processing, and secretion of retinoids. | the retinal pigment epithelium (rpe) occupies a strategic position within the eye, given its location between the neurosensory retina and the vascular bed (choroid) that nourishes the photoreceptor cells (rods and cones). among the many attributes of this versatile monolayer of cells is its unique ability to convert vitamin a (retinol) into the prosthetic group (11-cis-retinal) for the rod and cone opsins, the photopigments essential for vision. it does so by absorbing retinol via a receptor-med ... | 2010 | 20552421 |
| geographic, farm, and animal factors associated with multiple antimicrobial resistance in fecal escherichia coli isolates from cattle in the western united states. | to describe geographic, farm-type, and animal-type factors associated with multiple antimicrobial resistance (mar) in fecal escherichia coli isolates from cattle. | 2010 | 20550450 |
| evaluation of brining ingredients and antimicrobials for effects on thermal destruction of escherichia coli o157:h7 in a meat model system. | escherichia coli o157:h7 may become internalized during brine injection of meat. this study evaluated the effect of brining ingredients on e. coli o157:h7 in a meat model system after simulated brining, storage, and cooking. fresh knuckles (5.3 +/- 2.4% fat) or beef shoulder (15.3 +/- 2.2% fat) were ground individually, mixed with an 8-strain composite of rifampicin-resistant e. coli o157:h7 (7 log cfu/g) and brining solutions. treatments included no brining, distilled water, sodium chloride (na ... | 2010 | 20546412 |
| distribution of shiga-toxigenic escherichia coli o157 in the gastrointestinal tract of naturally o157-shedding cattle at necropsy. | shiga-toxigenic escherichia coli (stec) o157 occurrence was determined along the entire gastrointestinal tract (git) of each of four naturally shedding cattle and at three sites in 61 slaughter cattle. stec o157 was distributed along the entire git, though interanimal distribution was variable. neither feces nor rectoanal-junction samples accurately predicted the stec o157-negative status of any particular animal. | 2010 | 20543036 |
| cloning and characterization of bovine interleukin-32 beta isoform. | interleukin-32 (il-32) is a new cytokine produced mainly by t-cells, natural killer cells, and epithelial cells after stimulation with il-2, il-12 plus il-18, and ifngamma, respectively. il-32 induces various proinflammatory cytokines such as tnfalpha, il-1beta, il-6, and il-8 in monocytes and macrophages. in this study, we cloned bovine il-32 cdna from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) of a holstein (bos taurus). the bovine il-32 cdna has an entire open reading frame, encoding 171 amino ... | 2010 | 20537728 |
| enterobacterial microbiota on stomoxys calcitrans external surface. | the current study evaluated the prevalence of enterobacterial agents on the external surface of the stable fly, stomoxys calcitrans. in addition, this study investigated the presence of virulence genes of enterobacteria. twenty different species were isolated and identified, escherichia coli was the most frequent species isolated. the genes stx1, stx2 and/or eae for production of shiga toxin were present in 13.04% of the e. coli samples. | 2010 | 20537096 |
| escherichia coli phylogenetic group determination and its application in the identification of the major animal source of fecal contamination. | escherichia coli strains are commonly found in the gut microflora of warm-blooded animals. these strains can be assigned to one of the four main phylogenetic groups, a, b1, b2 and d, which can be divided into seven subgroups (a0, a1, b1, b22, b23, d1 and d2), according to the combination of the three genetic markers chua, yjaa and dna fragment tspe4.c2. distinct studies have demonstrated that these phylo-groups differ in the presence of virulence factors, ecological niches and life-history. ther ... | 2010 | 20515490 |
| biochemical properties, enterohaemolysin production and plasmid carriage of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli strains. | thirty-eight strains of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) were characterised in terms of biochemical properties, enterohaemolysin production and plasmid carriage. a wide variation in the biochemical properties was observed among the stec, with 14 distinct biotypes identified. biotype 1 was the most common, found in 29% of the strains. enterohaemolysin production was detected in 29% of the strains. most of the bacterial strains (95%) carried one or more plasmids and considerable heter ... | 2010 | 20512247 |
| high diversity and abundance of antibiotic-resistant escherichia coli isolated from humans and farm animal hosts in jeonnam province, south korea. | the spread of antibiotics resistance among bacteria is a threat to human health. since south korea uses approximately 1.5 times more antibiotics than do other oecd countries, this is likely to impact the numbers and types of antibiotic-resistant bacteria found in the environment. in this study we examined feces from domesticated animals and humans for the diversity and abundance of antibiotic-resistant escherichia coli. abundant antibiotic-resistant e. coli were isolated from all the tested anim ... | 2010 | 20510439 |
| cephalexin microspheres for dairy mastitis: effect of preparation method and surfactant type on physicochemical properties of the microspheres. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of preparation method and the type of surfactant on the properties of cephalexin (cpx) microspheres in order to obtain delivery systems suitable for the treatment of dairy mastitis. microspheres were obtained using various preparation conditions and their physicochemical characteristics such as size, loading efficiency, morphology, and drug crystallinity were investigated. antibacterial activity of microspheres from the optimum preparation condit ... | 2010 | 20509056 |
| identification of the long polar fimbriae gene variants in the locus of enterocyte effacement-negative shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli strains isolated from humans and cattle in argentina. | the long polar fimbriae (lpf) is one of few adhesive factors of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) and it is associated with colonization of the intestine. studies have demonstrated the presence of lpf genes in several pathogenic e. coli strains, and classification of variants based on polymorphisms in the lpfa1 and lpfa2 genes has been adopted. using a collection of argentinean locus of enterocyte effacement (lee)-negative stec strains, we determined that the different lpfa types wer ... | 2010 | 20497228 |
| new automated microwave heating process for cooking and pasteurization of microwaveable foods containing raw meats. | a new microwave heating process was developed for cooking microwaveable foods containing raw meats. a commercially available inverter-based microwave oven was modified for pasteurization of mechanically tenderized beef, inoculated with escherichia coli o157:h7 (approximately 5 log(10) cfu/g) and packaged in a 12-oz cpet tray containing 150-ml de-ionized water. the new microwave heating system was equipped with an infrared sensor and a proportional feedback mechanism to allow temperature controll ... | 2010 | 20492230 |
| identification of specific targets for the gut mucosal defense factor intestinal alkaline phosphatase. | intestinal alkaline phosphatase (iap) is a small intestinal brush border enzyme that has been shown to function as a gut mucosal defense factor, but its precise mechanism of action remains unclear. we investigated the effects of iap on specific bacteria and bacterial components to determine its molecular targets. purulent fluid from a cecal ligation and puncture model, specific live and heat-killed bacteria (escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, and listeria monocytogenes), and a variety of ... | 2010 | 20489044 |
| effects of feeding elevated concentrations of copper and zinc on the antimicrobial susceptibilities of fecal bacteria in feedlot cattle. | cattle are fed elevated concentrations of copper and zinc for growth promotion. the potential mechanisms of growth promotional effects of these elements are attributed to their antimicrobial activities, similar to that of antibiotics, in that gut microbial flora are altered to reduce fermentation loss of nutrients and to suppress gut pathogens. copper and zinc fed at elevated concentrations may select for bacteria that are resistant not only to heavy metals but also to antibiotics. our objective ... | 2010 | 20482227 |
| tempo ec for the enumeration of escherichia coli in foods: collaborative study. | the automated method for enumeration of escherichia coli, tempo ec, in foods uses a dehydrated culture medium and enumeration card containing 48 wells across three different dilutions for the automatic determination of the most probable number (mpn). the alternative method was compared in a multilaboratory collaborative study to aoac official method 966.24. six food types were artificially contaminated with e. coli: raw ground beef, bagged lettuce, cooked chicken, pasteurized crabmeat, frozen gr ... | 2010 | 20480906 |
| visualization of clustered ige epitopes on alpha-lactalbumin. | alpha-lactalbumin (alpha-la) is a major cow's milk (cm) allergen responsible for allergic reactions in infants. | 2010 | 20466413 |
| an investigation of the quality of meat sold in lesotho. | since the closure of the lesotho abattoir in 2003, only imported meat can be legally sold. however, it was estimated in 2007 that 80% of the meat sold at butcheries comes from informal slaughter. the aim of this study was to investigate the situation. the number and location of informal butcheries in lesotho (n = 143) were recorded and mapped using geographical information systems. observations (photographs) of informal slaughter indicated a lack of hygiene, unskilled slaughtermen and illegal di ... | 2009 | 20458865 |
| anti-escherichia coli o157:h7 activity of free fatty acids under varying ph. | following screening of 4 strains of escherichia coli o157:h7 (e32511, e318n, h4420n, and r508n) for acid tolerance, strain h4420n was selected for further study into the influence of ph on bactericidal activity of 6 fatty acids (capric, lauric, palmitic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic). strain h4420n was cultured for 6 h in luria-bertani broth amended with individual fatty acids at 20 mmol/l, with ph adjusted to 7.0, 4.3, or 2.5. none of the fatty acids exhibited bactericidal activity at ph 7.0 ... | 2010 | 20453913 |
| synthesis, characterization and biological study on cr(3+), zro(2+), hfo(2+) and uo(2)(2+) complexes of oxalohydrazide and bis(3-hydroxyimino)butan-2-ylidene)-oxalohydrazide. | cr(3+), zro(2+), hfo(2+) and uo(2)(2+) complexes of oxalohydrazide (h(2)l(1)) and oxalyl bis(diacetylmonoxime hydrazone) [its iupac name is oxalyl bis(3-hydroxyimino)butan-2-ylidene)oxalohydrazide] (h(4)l(2)) have been synthesized and characterized by partial elemental analysis, spectral (ir; electronic), thermal and magnetic measurements. [cr(l(1))(h(2)o)(3)(cl)].h(2)o, [zro(hl(1))(2)].c(2)h(5)oh, [uo(2)(l(1))(h(2)o)(2)] [zro(h(3)l(2))(cl)](2).2h(2)o, [hfo(h(3)l(2))(cl)](2).2h(2)o and [uo(2)(h( ... | 2010 | 20451440 |
| detection of proteins and protein-ligand complexes using hgte nanostructure matrixes in surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. | we have analyzed peptides, proteins, and protein-drug complexes through surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (saldi-ms) using hgte nanostructures as matrixes. we investigated the effects of several parameters, including the concentration of the hgte nanostructures, the ph of the buffer, and the concentration of salt, on the performance of this system. when hgte nanostructures are used as matrixes, [m + h](+) ions were the dominant signals. relative to other commonly use ... | 2010 | 20438055 |
| analysis of the resistance behaviour of indicator bacteria to several antibiotics in bulk milk using spatial point pattern methodology. | between 2002 and 2004, indicator bacteria (enterococcus, escherichia coli) isolated from 799 bulk milk samples were tested against thirty different antibiotics for resistance. systematic sampling over space (every eighth styrian cattle breeding farm on an unaligned grid) was conducted within the scope of the bovine virus diarrhoea (bvd) control programme. results of resistance testing were assigned to their respective farms by means of lfbis (information system for agricultural and forestry ente ... | 2007 | 20422543 |
| the photocatalytic and antibacterial activities of neodymium and iodine doped tio(2) nanoparticles. | a series of photocatalysts were synthesized by neodymium and iodine doped tio(2). the characteristics of neodymium and iodine doped tio(2) were evaluated by x-ray diffraction (xrd), uv-vis diffuse reflectance spectra, and scanning electronic microscope (sem). in the synthesis process, nd:i:tio(2) with different doping content (molar ratios) calcined at different temperature was designed. after the photocatalysts were synthesized under different condition, they were compared with each other by ph ... | 2010 | 20417077 |