Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma presenting as massive gastrointestinal bleeding: a case report. | we present a 71-year-old man with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (malt) lymphoma of the colon presenting with massive gastrointestinal hemorrhage. at laparotomy two areas of irregular mucosa were noted in the ascending colon and cecum. pathology revealed malt lymphoma. malt lymphoma of the colon is rare and the presentation as well as outcome of our case makes him unique. | 2008 | 21490859 |
| unilateral abducens nerve palsy as an early feature of multiple mononeuropathy associated with anti-gq1b antibody. | patients with anti-gq1b antibody syndrome show various combinations of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, areflexia, or altered sensorium as clinical features. we describe herein a unique case with unilateral abducens nerve palsy as an early feature of multiple mononeuropathy involving dysfunctions of the inferior dental plexus and the ulnar nerve, which was thought to be associated with anti-gq1b antibody. a 27-year-old man presented with acute-onset diplopia. he subsequently experienced numbness not onl ... | 2011 | 21490718 |
| similarities and differences in the glycosylation mechanisms in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. | recent years have witnessed a rapid growth in the number and diversity of prokaryotic proteins shown to carry n- and/or o-glycans, with protein glycosylation now considered as fundamental to the biology of these organisms as it is in eukaryotic systems. this article overviews the major glycosylation pathways that are known to exist in eukarya, bacteria and archaea. these are (i) oligosaccharyltransferase (ost)-mediated n-glycosylation which is abundant in eukarya and archaea, but is restricted t ... | 2011 | 21490701 |
| similarities and differences in the glycosylation mechanisms in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. | recent years have witnessed a rapid growth in the number and diversity of prokaryotic proteins shown to carry n- and/or o-glycans, with protein glycosylation now considered as fundamental to the biology of these organisms as it is in eukaryotic systems. this article overviews the major glycosylation pathways that are known to exist in eukarya, bacteria and archaea. these are (i) oligosaccharyltransferase (ost)-mediated n-glycosylation which is abundant in eukarya and archaea, but is restricted t ... | 2011 | 21490701 |
| 5'-methylthioadenosine nucleosidase is implicated in playing a key role in a modified futalosine pathway for menaquinone biosynthesis in campylobacter jejuni. | menaquinone (vitamin k(2)) serves as an electron carrier in the electron transport chain required for respiration in many pathogenic bacteria. most bacteria utilize a common menaquinone biosynthetic pathway as exemplified by escherichia coli. recently, a novel biosynthetic pathway, the futalosine pathway, was discovered in streptomyces. bioinformatic analysis strongly suggests that this pathway is also operative in the human pathogens campylobacter jejuni and helicobacter pylori. here, we provid ... | 2011 | 21489995 |
| effect of tylosin on dogs with suspected tylosin-responsive diarrhea: a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blinded, prospective clinical trial. | abstract: | 2011 | 21489311 |
| no human protein is exempt from bacterial motifs, not even one. | the hypothesis that mimicry between a self and a microbial peptide antigen is strictly related to autoimmune pathology remains a debated concept in autoimmunity research. clear evidence for a causal link between molecular mimicry and autoimmunity is still lacking. in recent studies we have demonstrated that viruses and bacteria share amino acid sequences with the human proteome at such a high extent that the molecular mimicry hypothesis becomes questionable as a causal factor in autoimmunity. ex ... | 2010 | 21487508 |
| th1 and th2 response to campylobacter jejuni antigen in guillain-barre syndrome. | to determine the expression of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in lymphocytes from the progressive and recovery phases of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) after stimulation with campylobacter jejuni outer membrane proteins. | 2011 | 21482924 |
| l-fucose utilization provides campylobacter jejuni with a competitive advantage. | campylobacter jejuni is a prevalent gastrointestinal pathogen in humans and a common commensal of poultry. when colonizing its hosts, c. jejuni comes into contact with intestinal carbohydrates, including l-fucose, released from mucin glycoproteins. several strains of c. jejuni possess a genomic island (cj0480c-cj0490) that is up-regulated in the presence of both l-fucose and mucin and allows for the utilization of l-fucose as a substrate for growth. strains possessing this genomic island show in ... | 2011 | 21482772 |
| antimicrobial resistance and molecular subtyping of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli from retail meats. | campylobacter isolates (n = 297; 202 c. jejuni and 95 c. coli isolates) recovered from 2,513 retail meat samples (chicken breasts, ground turkey, ground beef, and pork chops) were examined for antimicrobial susceptibility. the isolates were further analyzed for genetic relatedness by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) using smai and kpni restriction enzymes, and a subset of isolates (n = 174) were subtyped by multilocus sequence typing (mlst). the resistance most frequently observed was tha ... | 2011 | 21477476 |
| efficacy of uv light treatment for the microbiological decontamination of chicken, associated packaging, and contact surfaces. | uv light was investigated for the decontamination of raw chicken, associated packaging, and contact surfaces. the uv susceptibilities of a number of campylobacter isolates (seven campylobacter jejuni isolates and three campylobacter coli isolates), escherichia coli atcc 25922, and salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis atcc 10376 in liquid media were also investigated. from an initial level of 7 log cfu/ml, no viable campylobacter cells were detected following exposure to the most intense uv do ... | 2011 | 21477470 |
| role of the distal hydrogen-bonding network in regulating oxygen affinity in the truncated hemoglobin iii from campylobacter jejuni. | oxygen affinity in heme-containing proteins is determined by a number of factors, such as the nature and conformation of the distal residues that stabilize the heme bound-oxygen via hydrogen-bonding interactions. the truncated hemoglobin iii from campylobacter jejuni (ctb) contains three potential hydrogen-bond donors in the distal site: tyrb10, trpg8, and hise7. previous studies suggested that ctb exhibits an extremely slow oxygen dissociation rate due to an interlaced hydrogen-bonding network ... | 2011 | 21476539 |
| non-gastric marginal zone b cell lymphoma: clinicopathologic features and treatment results. | the optimal treatment strategy and outcome of non-gastric marginal zone lymphoma (mzl) remains undefined. the role of rituximab and fludarabine in mzl has not been critically appraised and compared with conventional chemotherapy. we retrospectively analyzed 81 consecutive patients with non-gastric mzl (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, n=66; splenic mzl, n=11; nodal mzl, n=4). as a group, the treatment results were favorable, with an overall response rate of 87% and a complete response ... | 2011 | 21476016 |
| [tigecicline susceptibilities of tetracycline-resistant campylobacter jejuni clinical strains isolated in poland]. | campylobacteriosis is a significant public health problem in many developed countries. campylobacter jejuni is one of the leading causes of food-borne gastroenteritis and enteritis in humans. treatment of campylobacteriosis is required in severe clinical infections, extraintestinal infections and in immunocompromised patients. erythromycin is the proposed drug of choice for the treatment of campylobacter infections. however, tetracycline and fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin) are also clinically e ... | 2010 | 21473099 |
| diarrheagenic pathogens in polymicrobial infections. | during systematic active surveillance of the causes of diarrhea in patients admitted to the infectious diseases and beliaghata general hospital in kolkata, india, we looked for 26 known gastrointestinal pathogens in fecal samples from 2,748 patients. samples from about one-third (29%) of the patients contained multiple pathogens. polymicrobial infections frequently contained vibrio cholerae o1 and rotavirus. when these agents were present, some co-infecting agents were found significantly less o ... | 2011 | 21470448 |
| microbial efflux pump inhibition: tactics and strategies. | traditional antimicrobials are increasingly suffering from the emergence of multidrug resistance among pathogenic microorganisms. to overcome these deficiencies, a range of novel approaches to control microbial infections are under investigation as potential alternative treatments. multidrug efflux is a key target of these efforts. efflux mechanisms are broadly recognized as major components of resistance to many classes of chemotherapeutic agents as well as antimicrobials. efflux occurs due to ... | 2011 | 21470111 |
| reliability of nucleotide sequence information of full-length flagellin a gene (flaa) and flaa short variable region (svr) for molecular discrimination of campylobacter lari organisms. | we aimed to clarify if the thermophilic campylobacter lari organisms including urease-negative (un) c. lari and urease-positive thermophilic campylobacter (uptc) can be differentiated at the species and/or subspecies levels by employing the full-length flaa gene and flaa short variable region (svr) nucleotide sequence information or not. thermophilic campylobacter isolates (n?=?45) including un c. lari (n?=?17), uptc (n?=?18), and campylobacter jejuni (n?=?10) were well discriminated at the isol ... | 2011 | 21465259 |
| epidemiology of cancer of the small intestine. | cancer of the small intestine is very uncommon. there are 4 main histological subtypes: adenocarcinomas, carcinoid tumors, lymphoma and sarcoma. the incidence of small intestine cancer has increased over the past several decades with a four-fold increase for carcinoid tumors, less dramatic rises for adenocarcinoma and lymphoma and stable sarcoma rates. very little is known about its etiology. an increased risk has been noted for individuals with crohn's disease, celiac disease, adenoma, familial ... | 2011 | 21461167 |
| influence of season and geography on campylobacter jejuni and c. coli subtypes in housed broiler flocks reared in great britain. | geographical and seasonal variation in the incidence and prevalence of campylobacter jejuni and c. coli in housed broiler flocks reared in great britain in 2004 to 2006 was investigated in this study. ceca (30) from 797 flocks, not subject to prior partial depopulation and reared on 211 farms, were examined individually for the presence of campylobacter spp. the best-fitting climatic factors explained approximately 46% of the prevalence of campylobacter-colonized flocks at slaughter and consiste ... | 2011 | 21460110 |
| [intestinal non-hodgkin lymphoma: "immunoproliferative small intestinal disease"] | immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (ipsid), also known as alpha chain disease, is a rare disease. in the recent who classification of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissue, ipsid is considered as a variant of extranodal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (malt) lymphoma. campylobacter jejuni is a specific pathogen, found to be related to ipsid. diagnosis is based on histology and immunochemistry (±fluorescent in situ hybridization), with presence of many variable levels of abnormal immunogl ... | 2011 | 21458210 |
| the crystal structure of the leishmania major deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase in complex with nucleotide analogues, dump, and deoxyuridine. | members of the leishmania genus are the causative agents of the life-threatening disease leishmaniasis. new drugs are being sought due to increasing resistance and adverse side effects with current treatments. the knowledge that dutpase is an essential enzyme and that the all a-helical dimeric kinetoplastid dutpases have completely different structures compared with the trimeric ß-sheet type dutpase possessed by most organisms, including humans, make the dimeric enzymes attractive drug targets. ... | 2011 | 21454646 |
| streptococcus pneumoniae infection of host epithelial cells via polymeric immunoglobulin receptor transiently induces calcium release from intracellular stores. | the pneumococcal surface protein c (pspc) is a major adhesin of streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococci) that interacts in a human-specific manner with the ectodomain of the human polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pigr) produced by respiratory epithelial cells. this interaction promotes bacterial colonization and bacterial internalization by initiating host signal transduction cascades. here, we examined alterations of intracellular calcium ([ca(2+)](i)) levels in epithelial cells during host cel ... | 2011 | 21454571 |
| guillain-barré syndrome: modern theories of etiology. | guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) is a classic failure of the immune system with a life-threatening attack upon a critical self-component. the active phase of the disease is short, concordant with the latency of a primary adaptive immune response. triggers for gbs include infection and (rarely) vaccination; cross-reactivity between infectious and neural epitopes has been well demonstrated, particularly for campylobacter jejuni and motor axonal forms of gbs in which non-protein gangliosides are antig ... | 2011 | 21451970 |
| campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, and cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) genes in common teals (anas crecca). | to evaluate the presence of campylobacter spp. and related cdt genes, cloacal swabs were collected from 70 common teals (anas crecca) and analyzed by culture methods and polymerase chain reaction. in addition, c. jejuni were examined also for the presence of wlan gene. this is believed to be the first report of campylobacter spp. in common teal and our results confirm the very common occurrence of c. jejuni (n=40) and c. coli (n=13) in waterfowls. furthermore, the cdt genes were frequently prese ... | 2011 | 21450419 |
| investigating the genome diversity of b. cereus and evolutionary aspects of b. anthracis emergence. | here we report the use of a multi-genome dna microarray to investigate the genome diversity of bacillus cereus group members and elucidate the events associated with the emergence of bacillus anthracis the causative agent of anthrax-a lethal zoonotic disease. we initially performed directed genome sequencing of seven diverse b. cereus strains to identify novel sequences encoded in those genomes. the novel genes identified, combined with those publicly available, allowed the design of a "species" ... | 2011 | 21447378 |
| inactivation of indicators and pathogens in cattle feedlot manures and compost as determined by molecular and culture assays. | accurate and conservative information about pathogen inactivation rates is needed as the basis for safe manure management on beef cattle feedlots. the survival of indicators and pathogens in faecal pen manure, stockpiled manure and manure compost was measured with autochthonous indicator bacteria (escherichia coli, clostridium perfringens, enterococci, total coliforms) and pathogens (listeria monocytogenes, campylobacter jejuni) using culture and/or real-time quantitative pcr (qpcr) methods. add ... | 2011 | 21446944 |
| structural properties of 2/2 hemoglobins: the group iii protein from helicobacter hepaticus. | the e-proteobacterium helicobacter hepaticus (hh) contains a gene coding for a hemoglobin (hb). the protein belongs to the 2/2 hb lineage and is representative of group iii, a set of hbs about which little is known. an expression and purification procedure was developed for hh hb. electronic absorption and nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectra were used to characterize ligation states of the ferric and ferrous protein. the pk(a) of the acid/alkaline transition of ferric hh hb was 7.3, an unus ... | 2011 | 21445851 |
| bacteriophage-mediated dispersal of campylobacter jejuni biofilms. | bacteria in their natural environments frequently exist as mixed surface-associated communities, protected by extracellular material, termed biofilms. biofilms formed by the human pathogen campylobacter jejuni may arise in the gastrointestinal tract of animals but also in water pipes and other industrial situations, leading to their possible transmission into the human food chain either directly or via farm animals. bacteriophages are natural predators of bacteria that usually kill their prey by ... | 2011 | 21441325 |
| emerging thermotolerant campylobacter species in healthy ruminants and swine. | campylobacters other than campylobacter jejuni or c. coli were isolated in 35% of 343 farms recently analyzed in northern spain. this study was aimed at identifying at the species level the 120 isolates collected (21 ovine, 52 beef cattle, 44 dairy cattle, and 3 porcine) by species-specific polymerase chain reaction and 16s rrna gene sequencing analysis. thus, five species were identified: campylobacter hyointestinalis (90 isolates), campylobacter lanienae (12), campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus ... | 2011 | 21438765 |
| campylobacter jejuni survival within human epithelial cells is enhanced by the secreted protein ciai. | although it is known that campylobacter jejuni invade the cells that line the human intestinal tract, the bacterial proteins that enable this pathogen to survive within campylobacter-containing vacuoles (ccv) have not been identified. here, we describe the identification and characterization of a protein that we termed ciai for campylobacter invasion antigen involved in intracellular survival. we show that ciai harbours an amino-terminal type iii secretion sequence and is secreted from c. jejuni ... | 2011 | 21435039 |
| highly specific and quick detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in feces and gut tissue of cattle and humans by multiple real-time pcr assays. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is the causative agent of johne's disease (jd) in cattle and may be associated with crohn's disease (cd) in humans. it is the slowest growing of the cultivable mycobacteria, and culture from clinical, veterinary, food, or environmental specimens can take 4 months or even longer. currently, the insertion element is900 is used to detect m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis dna. however, closely related is900 elements are also present in other mycobacteria, t ... | 2011 | 21430100 |
| guillain-barré syndrome following primary cytomegalovirus infection: a prospective cohort study. | little is known about the epidemiology and the prognostic factors of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) following primary infection with cytomegalovirus (cmv-gbs). | 2011 | 21427390 |
| genomic variations define divergence of water/wildlife-associated campylobacter jejuni niche specialists from common clonal complexes. | although the major food-borne pathogen campylobacter jejuni has been isolated from diverse animal, human and environmental sources, our knowledge of genomic diversity in c. jejuni is based exclusively on human or human food-chain-associated isolates. studies employing multilocus sequence typing have indicated that some clonal complexes are more commonly associated with particular sources. using comparative genomic hybridization on a collection of 80 isolates representing diverse sources and clon ... | 2011 | 21418497 |
| sensitive quantification of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica , and campylobacter jejuni by combining stopped polymerase chain reaction with chemiluminescence flow-through dna microarray analysis. | rapid analysis of pathogenic bacteria is essential for food and water control to preserve the public health. therefore, we report on a chemiluminescence (cl) flow-through dna microarray assay for the rapid and sensitive quantification of the pathogenic bacteria escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica , and campylobacter jejuni in water. using the stopped polymerase chain reaction (pcr) strategy, the amount of amplified target dna was strongly dependent on the applied cell concentration. th ... | 2011 | 21417213 |
| genetic components of stringent response in vibrio cholerae. | nutritional stress elicits stringent response in bacteria involving modulation of expression of several genes. this is mainly triggered by the intracellular accumulation of two small molecules, namely, guanosine 3'-diphosphate 5'-triphosphate and guanosine 3',5'-bis(diphosphate), collectively called (p)ppgpp. like in other gram-negative bacteria, the cellular level of (p)ppgpp is maintained in vibrio cholerae, the causative bacterial pathogen of the disease cholera, by the products of two genes ... | 2011 | 21415497 |
| cross-reactivity of outer membrane proteins of campylobacter species with cholera toxin. | campylobacter jejuni is a foodborne pathogen and a leading cause of diarrhoea worldwide. it is believed that a cholera toxin-like toxin (ctlt) produced by c. jejuni may mediate watery diarrhoea. however, the production of a ctlt by c. jejuni is controversial. a cholera toxin gene (ctx) homologue has not been identified in campylobacter species. we investigated the identity of the ct cross-reactive antigen from campylobacter species previously and the results are reviewed here. filtrates of c. je ... | 2011 | 21415496 |
| genome sequence of helicobacter suis supports its role in gastric pathology. | abstract: helicobacter (h.) suis has been associated with chronic gastritis and ulcers of the pars oesophagea in pigs, and with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in humans. in order to obtain better insight into the genes involved in pathogenicity and in the specific adaptation to the gastric environment of h. suis, a genome analysis was performed of two h. suis strains isolated from the gastric mucosa of swine. homologs of the vast majority o ... | 2011 | 21414191 |
| etiology of diarrhea in young children and patterns of antibiotic resistance in cambodia. | little is known about diarrhea etiology and antibiotic resistance in developing countries where diarrhea is a major public health problem. | 2011 | 21412204 |
| discrimination of major capsular types of campylobacter jejuni by multiplex pcr. | the polysaccharide capsule (cps) of campylobacter jejuni is the major serodeterminant of the penner serotyping scheme. there are 47 penner serotypes of c. jejuni, 22 of which fall into complexes of related serotypes. a multiplex pcr method for determination of capsule types of campylobacter jejuni which is simpler and more affordable than classical penner typing was developed. primers specific for each capsule type were designed on the basis of a database of gene sequences from the variable caps ... | 2011 | 21411576 |
| sex-dependent control of murine emotional-affective behaviour in health and colitis by peptide yy and neuropeptide y. | peptide yy (pyy) and neuropeptide y (npy) are involved in regulating gut and brain function. because gastrointestinal inflammation is known to enhance anxiety, we explored whether experimental colitis interacts with genetic deletion (knockout) of pyy and npy to alter emotional-affective behaviour. | 2011 | 21410462 |
| acute and chronic histological changes of the small bowel secondary to c. jejuni infection in a rat model for post-infectious ibs. | campylobacter jejuni has been implicated in the pathogenesis of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (pi-ibs) in humans, effects which may be because of cytolethal distending toxin (cdt). in this study, we characterized both acute and chronic-phase histological changes of the small bowel in rats exposed to wild-type c. jejuni 81-176, or a strain that does not produce cdt, by using a validated rat model of pi-ibs. | 2011 | 21409374 |
| eleutherine americana: a candidate for the control of campylobacter species. | the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extracts of selected thai medicinal plants (rhodomyrtus tomentosa (aiton) hassk., quercus infectoria g. olivier, and eleutherine americana merr.) against campylobacter spp. was investigated. sixty-five campylobacter, including 39 isolates from humans and 26 isolates from chicken samples, were tested. reference campylobacter spp. that are commonly encountered in gastroenteritis were included. the ethanolic extract of e. americana demonstrated good antibacte ... | 2011 | 21406364 |
| comparative genotypic and pathogenic examination of campylobacter concisus isolates from diarrheic and non-diarrheic humans. | campylobacter concisus is an emerging enteric pathogen, yet it is commonly isolated from feces and the oral cavities of healthy individuals. this genetically complex species is comprised of several distinct genomospecies which may vary in pathogenic potential. | 2011 | 21406111 |
| improving n-glycosylation efficiency in escherichia coli using shotgun proteomics, metabolic network analysis, and selective reaction monitoring. | recently, the prospect of using escherichia coli as a host for human glycoprotein production has increased due to detailed characterization of the prokaryotic n-glycosylation process and the ability to transfer the system into this bacterium. although functionality of the native campylobacter jejuni n-glycosylation system in e. coli has been demonstrated, the efficiency of the process using the well-characterized c. jejuni glycoprotein acra, was found to be low at 13.4±0.9% of total extracted pr ... | 2010 | 21404263 |
| early recognition of poor prognosis in guillain-barre syndrome. | guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) has a highly diverse clinical course and outcome, yet patients are treated with a standard therapy. patients with poor prognosis may benefit from additional treatment, provided they can be identified early, when nerve degeneration is potentially reversible and treatment is most effective. we developed a clinical prognostic model for early prediction of outcome in gbs, applicable for clinical practice and future therapeutic trials. | 2011 | 21403108 |
| comparative whole genome sequence analysis of the carcinogenic bacterial model pathogen helicobacter felis. | the gram-negative bacterium helicobacter felis naturally colonizes the gastric mucosa of dogs and cats. due to its ability to persistently infect laboratory mice, h. felis has been used extensively to experimentally model gastric disorders induced in humans by h. pylori. we determined the 1.67 mb genome sequence of h. felis using combined solexa and 454 pyrosequencing, annotated the genome, and compared it with multiple previously published helicobacter genomes. about 1,063 (63.6%) of the 1,671 ... | 2011 | 21402865 |
| chemical signaling in the gastrointestinal tract. | chemical signaling via the production of small molecules such as hormones has been studied in detail in higher organisms. these molecules have important functions in maintaining physiological homeostasis as well as allowing organisms to respond to external insults. virtually every living cell produces hormone-like diffusible small molecules that can be used to convey messages to neighboring cells-a vital step in adaptation, development, and survival within populations. although most of our knowl ... | 2011 | 21399765 |
| guanine radical chemistry reveals the effect of thermal fluctuations in gene promoter regions. | dna is not the static entity that structural pictures suggest. it has been longly known that it 'breathes' and fluctuates by local opening of the bases. here we show that the effect of structural fluctuations, exhibited by at-rich low stability regions present in some common transcription initiation regions, influences the properties of dna in a distant range of at least 10 bp. this observation is confirmed by experiments on genuine gene promoter regions of dna. the spatial correlations revealed ... | 2011 | 21398632 |
| muc17 protects intestinal epithelial cells from enteroinvasive e. coli infection by promoting epithelial barrier integrity. | the membrane-bound mucin muc17 (mouse homolog muc3) is highly expressed on the apical surface of intestinal epithelia and is thought to play a role in epithelial restitution and protection. therefore, we hypothesized that muc17 has a role in protection of the intestinal mucosa against luminal pathogens. human intestinal cell lines were transfected by electroporation (caco-2 and ht 29/19a) and by retroviral expression vector (ls174t, a cell line with high levels of muc17 expression) using muc17 s ... | 2011 | 21393431 |
| adaptation of mammalian host-pathogen interactions in a changing arctic environment. | many arctic mammals are adapted to live year-round in extreme environments with low winter temperatures and great seasonal variations in key variables (e.g. sunlight, food, temperature, moisture). the interaction between hosts and pathogens in high northern latitudes is not very well understood with respect to intra-annual cycles (seasons). the annual cycles of interacting pathogen and host biology is regulated in part by highly synchronized temperature and photoperiod changes during seasonal tr ... | 2011 | 21392401 |
| triclosan-resistant bacteria isolated from feedlot and residential soils. | triclosan is an antimicrobial agent that is currently incorporated into hundreds of consumer and medical products. it can be either a bacteriostatic or bactericidal agent, depending on its formulation. it has activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, as well as some viruses and protists. the purpose of this study was to determine whether triclosan-resistant bacteria could be isolated from the soil. soils from cattle feedlots and residential lawns were collected and assayed for t ... | 2011 | 21391038 |
| primary gastrointestinal lymphoma. | gastrointestinal tract is the most common extranodal site involved by lymphoma with the majority being non-hodgkin type. although lymphoma can involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract, the most frequent sites in order of its occurrence are the stomach followed by small intestine and ileocecal region. gastrointestinal tract lymphoma is usually secondary to the widespread nodal diseases and primary gastrointestinal tract lymphoma is relatively rare. gastrointestinal lymphomas are usually not ... | 2011 | 21390139 |
| automated identification of medically important bacteria by 16s rrna gene sequencing using a novel comprehensive database, 16spathdb. | despite the increasing use of 16s rrna gene sequencing, interpretation of 16s rrna gene sequence results is one of the most difficult problems faced by clinical microbiologists and technicians. to overcome the problems we encountered in the existing databases during 16s rrna gene sequence interpretation, we built a comprehensive database, 16spathdb (http://147.8.74.24/16spathdb) based on the 16s rrna gene sequences of all medically important bacteria listed in the manual of clinical microbiology ... | 2011 | 21389154 |
| fitness cost of fluoroquinolone resistance in campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni. | in this study, the fitness cost of fluoroquinolone resistance was evaluated in vitro, on food matrices, and in vivo, using campylobacter coli and campylobacter jejuni in vitro selected mutants. in vitro, the growth rate of the susceptible (wild type) and resistant (mutant) strains did not differ when cultured separately. however, by conducting sequential passages of mixed cultures, the ratio of the resistant mutant to the susceptible strain decreased for c. coli but not for c. jejuni. when the w ... | 2011 | 21388301 |
| comparative genomics analysis of completely sequenced microbial genomes reveals the ubiquity of n-linked glycosylation in prokaryotes. | glycosylation of proteins in prokaryotes has been known for the last few decades. glycan structures and/or the glycosylation pathways have been experimentally characterized in only a small number of prokaryotes. even this has become possible only during the last decade or so, primarily due to technological and methodological developments. glycosylated proteins are diverse in their function and localization. glycosylation has been shown to be associated with a wide range of biological phenomena. ... | 2011 | 21387023 |
| new implications on genomic adaptation derived from the helicobacter pylori genome comparison. | helicobacter pylori has a reduced genome and lives in a tough environment for long-term persistence. it evolved with its particular characteristics for biological adaptation. because several h. pylori genome sequences are available, comparative analysis could help to better understand genomic adaptation of this particular bacterium. | 2011 | 21387011 |
| acinetobacter baumannii secretes cytotoxic outer membrane protein a via outer membrane vesicles. | acinetobacter baumannii is an important nosocomial pathogen that causes a high morbidity and mortality rate in infected patients, but pathogenic mechanisms of this microorganism regarding the secretion and delivery of virulence factors to host cells have not been characterized. gram-negative bacteria naturally secrete outer membrane vesicles (omvs) that play a role in the delivery of virulence factors to host cells. a. baumannii has been shown to secrete omvs when cultured in vitro, but the role ... | 2011 | 21386968 |
| n-linked glycan profiling of mature human milk by high-performance microfluidic chip liquid chromatography time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. | n-linked glycans of skim human milk proteins were determined for three mothers. n-linked glycans are linked to immune defense, cell growth, and cell-cell adhesion, but their functions in human milk are undetermined. protein-bound n-linked glycans were released with peptidyl n-glycosidase f (pngase f), enriched by graphitized carbon chromatography, and analyzed with chip-tof ms. to be defined as n-glycans, compounds were required, in all three procedural replicates, to match, within 6 ppm, agains ... | 2011 | 21384928 |
| altered architecture of substrate binding region defines the unique specificity of udp-galnac 4-epimerases. | udp-hexose 4-epimerases play a pivotal role in lipopolysaccharide (lps) biosynthesis and leloir pathway. these epimerases are classified into three groups based on whether they recognize nonacetylated udp-hexoses (group 1), both n-acetylated and nonacetylated udp-hexoses (group 2) or only n-acetylated udp-hexoses (group 3). although the catalysis has been investigated extensively, yet a definitive model rationalizing the substrate specificity of all the three groups on a common platform is large ... | 2011 | 21384454 |
| enterohepatic helicobacter in ulcerative colitis: potential pathogenic entities? | changes in bacterial populations termed "dysbiosis" are thought central to ulcerative colitis (uc) pathogenesis. in particular, the possibility that novel helicobacter organisms play a role in human uc has been debated but not comprehensively investigated. the aim of this study was to develop a molecular approach to investigate the presence of helicobacter organisms in adults with and without uc. | 2011 | 21383845 |
| absence of pmrab-mediated phosphoethanolamine modifications of citrobacter rodentium lipopolysaccharide affects outer membrane integrity. | the pmrab two-component system of enterobacteria regulates a number of genes whose protein products modify lipopolysaccharide (lps). the lps is modified during transport to the bacterial outer membrane (om). a subset of pmrab-mediated lps modifications consists of the addition of phosphoethanolamine (petn) to lipid a by pmrc and to the core by cpta. in salmonella enterica, petn modifications have been associated with resistance to polymyxin b and to excess iron. to investigate putative functions ... | 2011 | 21378194 |
| community structures of fecal bacteria in cattle from different animal feeding operations. | the fecal microbiome of cattle plays a critical role not only in animal health and productivity but also in food safety, pathogen shedding, and the performance of fecal pollution detection methods. unfortunately, most published molecular surveys fail to provide adequate detail about variability in the community structures of fecal bacteria within and across cattle populations. using massively parallel pyrosequencing of a hypervariable region of the rrna coding region, we profiled the fecal micro ... | 2011 | 21378055 |
| isolation of lactobacillus salivarius 1077 (nrrl b-50053) and characterization of its bacteriocin, including the antimicrobial activity spectrum. | lactobacillus salivarius 1077 (nrrl b-50053) was isolated from poultry intestinal materials, and in vitro anti-campylobacter jejuni activity was demonstrated. the isolate was then used for bacteriocin production and its enrichment. the protein content of the cell-free supernatant from the spent medium was precipitated by ammonium sulfate and dialyzed to produce the crude antimicrobial preparation. a typical bacteriocin-like response of sensitivity to proteolytic enzymes and resistance to lysozym ... | 2011 | 21378051 |
| impact of erythromycin resistance on the virulence properties and fitness of campylobacter jejuni. | epidemiological studies of macrolide resistance in campylobacter jejuni demonstrated that infections with macrolide-resistant c. jejuni could be associated with an increased risk of adverse events, development of invasive illness or death compared to macrolide-susceptible isolates. in this study, an in vitro induction experiment was conducted using susceptible c. jejuni strain and erythromycin as a selecting agent to obtain ery-resistant mutant with 23s rrna gene mutation (a2074c). changes in th ... | 2011 | 21377522 |
| comparison of three selective media and validation of the vidas campylobacter assay for the detection of campylobacter jejuni in ground beef and fresh-cut vegetables. | in this study, three different selective media, modified cefoperazone charcoal deoxycholate agar (mccda), karmali agar, and preston agar, were compared for isolating campylobacter jejuni from artificially contaminated ground beef and fresh-cut vegetables that have different levels of background microflora. concurrently, an automated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method for detecting campylobacter spp. (vidas campylobacter) was evaluated by comparing it with the culture methods. food samples ... | 2011 | 21375884 |
| ribonucleases and bacterial virulence. | bacterial stress responses provide them the opportunity to survive hostile environments, proliferate and potentially cause diseases in humans and animals. the way in which pathogenic bacteria interact with host immune cells triggers a complicated series of events that include rapid genetic re-programming in response to the various host conditions encountered. viewed in this light, the bacterial host-cell induced stress response (hcisr) is similar to any other well-characterized environmental str ... | 2010 | 21375713 |
| identification of campylobacter species and related organisms by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (maldi-tof) mass spectrometry. | clin microbiol infect abstract: the identification of campylobacter species and related organisms at the species level has always been difficult using phenotypic methods because of their low metabolic activity, whereas molecular methods are more reliable but time-consuming. in this study, 1007 different strains were identified using three different methods: conventional methods, molecular biology (real-time pcr and sequencing) and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (maldi ... | 2011 | 21375659 |
| transfer of campylobacter jejuni from raw to cooked chicken via wood and plastic cutting boards. | we quantified campylobacter jejuni transferred from naturally contaminated raw chicken fillets and skins to similar cooked chicken parts via standard rubberwood (rw) and polyethylene cutting boards (pe). | 2011 | 21375548 |
| change is good: variations in common biological mechanisms in the epsilonproteobacterial genera campylobacter and helicobacter. | microbial evolution and subsequent species diversification enable bacterial organisms to perform common biological processes by a variety of means. the epsilonproteobacteria are a diverse class of prokaryotes that thrive in diverse habitats. many of these environmental niches are labeled as extreme, whereas other niches include various sites within human, animal, and insect hosts. some epsilonproteobacteria, such as campylobacter jejuni and helicobacter pylori, are common pathogens of humans tha ... | 2011 | 21372321 |
| sulphite : cytochrome c oxidoreductase deficiency in campylobacter jejuni reduces motility, host cell adherence and invasion. | campylobacter jejuni lacks the enzyme phosphofructokinase and, consequently, is incapable of metabolizing glucose. instead, the pathogen uses a number of other chemicals to serve as electron donors. like chemolithotrophic bacteria, c. jejuni is able to respire sulphite in the presence of a sulphite?:?cytochrome c oxidoreductase (sor) that is encoded by the genes cj0004c and cj0005c; the former encodes a monohaem cytochrome c oxidoreductase and the latter a molybdopterin oxidoreductase. after scr ... | 2011 | 21372092 |
| t(11;18)(q21;q21)-positive gastrointestinal malt lymphomas are heterogeneous with respect to the v(h) gene mutation status. | to investigate how t(11;18)(q21;q21)-positive gastrointestinal malt lymphomas relate to other marginal zone lymphomas with respect to the somatic mutation pattern of the v(h) genes and the expression of the marker cd27. | 2011 | 21364843 |
| characterization of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli strains isolated in the region of nis, serbia. | campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli represent one of the main causes of bacterial diarrhoea in humans. although the disease is usually mild and self-limiting, severe chronic sequelae may occur, such as reactive arthritis, guillain-barré and miller fisher syndromes. serotyping is used as an epidemiological marker, while post-infective polyneuropathies are associated with several o serotypes. | 2010 | 21361150 |
| comparison of cape town and skirrow's campylobacter isolation protocols in humans and broilers in morogoro, tanzania. | comparison of cape town and skirrow's protocols used in isolation of campylobacter in humans and broilers was carried out in a cross-sectional study in morogoro, tanzania. a total of 176 and 158 human stool and broiler intestinal samples were collected, respectively. while human stool samples were collected from selected health centers, broiler intestinal samples were obtained from selected farms and chicken markets. samples were inoculated and cultured in duplicate using two protocols and preva ... | 2011 | 21359592 |
| selective control of oligosaccharide transfer efficiency for the n-glycosylation sequon by a point mutation in oligosaccharyltransferase. | asn-linked glycosylation is the most ubiquitous posttranslational protein modification in eukaryotes and archaea, and in some eubacteria. oligosaccharyltransferase (ost) catalyzes the transfer of preassembled oligosaccharides on lipid carriers onto asparagine residues in polypeptide chains. inefficient oligosaccharide transfer results in glycoprotein heterogeneity, which is particularly bothersome in pharmaceutical glycoprotein production. amino acid variation at the x position of the asn-x-ser/ ... | 2011 | 21357684 |
| using of infrared spectroscopy to study the survival and injury of escherichia coli o157:h7, campylobacter jejuni and pseudomonas aeruginosa under cold stress in low nutrient media. | the inactivation and sublethal injury of escherichia coli o157:h7, campylobacter jejuni and pseudomonas aeruginosa at three temperatures (22 °c, 4 °c and -18 °c) were studied using traditional microbiological tests and mid-infrared spectroscopy (4000-400 cm(-1)). bacteria were cultivated in diluted nutrient matrices with a high initial inoculation (∼10(7) cfu/ml) levels. both e. coli o157:h7 and p. aeruginosa survived and cell numbers increased at 22 °c for 5 days while c. jejuni numbers decreas ... | 2010 | 21356462 |
| pulsed field gel electrophoresis typing of human and retail foodstuff campylobacters: an irish perspective. | campylobacter enteritis is a zoonosis, an infectious disease transmissible under normal conditions from vertebrate animals to man, presenting a major global public health burden. in this study, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) was employed to identify common genotypes in a collection of 600 campylobacter isolates in order to investigate if profiles obtained from retail samples of foodstuffs matched genotypes causing illness in the community in ireland. the campylobacters were isolated fro ... | 2010 | 21356447 |
| five commercial dna extraction systems tested and compared on a stool sample collection. | in this study, 5 different commercial dna extraction systems were tested on a stool sample collection containing 81 clinical stool specimens that were culture-positive for diarrheagenic escherichia coli, campylobacter jejuni, salmonella enterica, or clostridium difficile. the purified dnas were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) directed toward the relevant organisms. the results showed that conventional pcr combined with the extraction systems biorobot ez1 (qiagen, hilden, germany), bu ... | 2011 | 21353945 |
| seroprevalence of various infectious agents in dogs with suspected acute canine polyradiculoneuritis. | acute canine polyradiculoneuritis (acp) is considered to be an animal model of the acute axonal form of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) in humans. various antecedent events have been associated with gbs, including bacterial or viral infection. the relationship between acp and previous infection requires additional attention. | 2011 | 21352374 |
| detection and genotypic differentiation of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli strains from laying hens by multiplex pcr and fla-typing. | in total, 26 campylobacter (c.) strains, isolated from liver, spleen, caecal or jejunal content of laying hens from different flocks were examined. in these flocks a drop in egg production, an increasing mortality and livers with whitish-grey lesions as post-mortem finding were observed. suspected campylobacter colonies were differentiated using a modified m-pcr in 13 campylobacter jejuni and 13 campylobacter coli strains. all isolates were characterised by typing of the flaa and flab gene each ... | 2011 | 21349563 |
| bosr (bb0647) controls the rpon-rpos regulatory pathway and virulence expression in borrelia burgdorferi by a novel dna-binding mechanism. | in borrelia burgdorferi (bb), the lyme disease spirochete, the alternative s factor s54 (rpon) directly activates transcription of another alternative s factor, s(s) (rpos) which, in turn, controls the expression of virulence-associated membrane lipoproteins. as is customary in s54-dependent gene control, a putative ntrc-like enhancer-binding protein, rrp2, is required to activate the rpon-rpos pathway. however, recently it was found that rpos transcription in bb also requires another regulator, ... | 2011 | 21347346 |
| a simulation model of waterborne gastro-intestinal disease outbreaks: description and initial evaluation. | we present an agent-based simulation model for generating realistic multivariable outbreak signals. the model defines a synthetic population and simulates the dissemination of pathogenic organisms through a municipal water distribution system, the mobility of individuals between geographic locations, their exposure to pathogens through water consumption, and disease progression in infected individuals. we present the results of an initial evaluation of the model - a simulation study replicating ... | 2010 | 21347040 |
| identification of essential genes in c. jejuni genome highlights hyper-variable plasticity regions. | a microarray transposon-based tracking approach was used to identify campylobacter jejuni genes which are required for cell growth at 37°c, under a microaerophilic atmosphere and on a rich mueller-hinton medium. a transposon-based mutant library, comprised of 7,201 individual mutants was constructed, representing 4.48× coverage of the genome. an analysis of genes lacking a transposon insertion revealed 195 essential gene candidates. the function of these genes represent many of the expected core ... | 2011 | 21344305 |
| evaluation of efficacy of several disinfectants against campylobacter jejuni strains by a suspension test. | the objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of 16 active compounds and 11 commercial disinfectants against campylobacter jejuni. two reference strains (one of avian origin and the other isolated from bovine) and two avian field strains were tested in suspension test in the presence and absence of serum. chloramine-t, povidone-iodine (1% available iodine), cetylpiridinium chloride, ethanol, isopropanol, chlorhexidine digluconate, formaldehyde, phenol, and 10 of the 11 commercial for ... | 2011 | 21338999 |
| a simple functional marker to predict the need for prolonged mechanical ventilation in patients with guillain-barré syndrome. | patients suffering from guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) may frequently develop an acute respiratory failure and need ventilatory support. immune therapy using plasma exchange or immunoglobulins has modified the natural course of the disease and by decreasing the length of the plateau phase, may induce a rapid improvement in ventilatory function. however a substantial proportion of patients still require prolonged mechanical ventilation (mv) and tracheotomy. the present study was designed to search ... | 2011 | 21338488 |
| survival of escherichia coli o157:h7 and campylobacter jejuni in bottled purified drinking water under different storage conditions. | survival of escherichia coli o157:h7 and campylobacter jejuni that were separately inoculated into bottled purified drinking water was investigated during storage at 22, 4, and -18 °c for 5, 7, and 2 days, respectively. two inoculation levels were used, 1 and 10 cfu/ml (10(2) and 10(3) cfu/100 ml). in samples inoculated with 10(2) cfu/100 ml, c. jejuni was not detectable (>2-log reduction) after storage under the conditions specified above. e. coli o157:h7 was detected on nonselective and select ... | 2011 | 21333145 |
| a charcoal- and blood-free enrichment broth for isolation and pcr detection of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli in chicken. | the microaerophilic nature of campylobacter and its requirement of ~5% o(2) for growth have complicated its recovery from foods. the addition to the enrichment media of oxygen quenchers such as charcoal or blood could interfere with pcr for its detection. in this study, a two-step simple aerobic method for campylobacter detection is proposed. a modification of the tran blood-free enrichment broth (bfeb), in which charcoal was excluded from the medium (m-bfeb), was compared with the original form ... | 2011 | 21333141 |
| microbial community and metabolomic comparison of irritable bowel syndrome faeces. | human health relies on the composition of microbiota in an individual's gut and the synthesized metabolites that may alter the gut environment. gut microbiota and faecal metabolites are involved in several gastrointestinal diseases. in this study, 16s rrna-specific denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and quantitative pcr analysis showed that the mean similarity of total bacteria was significantly different (p<0.001) in faecal samples from patients with irritable bowel syndrome (ibs; n?=?11) ... | 2011 | 21330412 |
| crystal structures of cmer-bile acid complexes from campylobacter jejuni. | the tetr family of transcription regulators are diverse proteins capable of sensing and responding to various structurally dissimilar antimicrobial agents. upon detecting these agents, the regulators allow transcription of an appropriate array of resistance markers to counteract the deleterious compounds. campylobacter jejuni cmer is a pleiotropic regulator of multiple proteins, including the membrane-bound multidrug efflux transporter cmeabc. cmer represses the expression of cmeabc and is induc ... | 2011 | 21328631 |
| receptor mimicry as novel therapeutic treatment for biothreat agents. | the specter of intentional release of pathogenic microbes and their toxins is a real threat. this article reviews the literature on adhesins of biothreat agents, their interactions with oligosaccharides and the potential for anti-adhesion compounds as an alternative to conventional therapeutics. the minimal binding structure of ricin has been well characterised and offers the best candidate for successful anti-adhesion therapy based on the galβ1-4glcnac structure. the botulinum toxin serotypes a ... | 2010 | 21327124 |
| bacterial catabolism of nonulosonic (sialic) acid and fitness in the gut. | the term nonulosonic acid or sialic acid encompasses a varied group of nine-carbon amino sugars widely distributed among mammals and higher metazoans. among bacteria, the ability to synthesize sialic acid was first examined in a small number of human pathogenic species that deposit sialic acid on their outer surface. new phylogenomic data suggest that the ability to synthesize sialic acid and sialic acid-like compounds is not a novel bacterial innovation but a much more widespread ancient trait. ... | 2010 | 21327116 |
| targeting of whole killed bacteria to gastrointestinal m-cells induces humoral immunity in the female reproductive tract. | recently, we demonstrated that oral delivery of whole killed bacteria, when agglutinated by an m-cell targeting lectin, resulted in an enhanced systemic and mucosal antibody response, as well as a protective immunity, against the gut pathogens helicobacter pylori and campylobacter jejuni. importantly, this protection was achieved without the addition of exogenous adjuvant. here, in this addendum, we extend this initial study by reporting on the vaginal antibody response induced by these vaccinat ... | 2010 | 21327115 |
| proinflammatory fecal mrna and childhood bacterial enteric infections. | introduction: assessment of specific mrnas in human samples is useful in characterizing disease. however, mrna in human stool has been understudied. results: compared to controls, infected stools showed increased transcripts of il-1β, il-8 and calprotectin. mrna and protein concentrations correlated for il-8, but not for calprotectin. discussion: stool mrna quantification offers a potentially useful, noninvasive way to assess inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, and may be more sensitive ... | 2010 | 21327027 |
| bioengineered bugs expressing oligosaccharide receptor mimics: toxin-binding probiotics for treatment and prevention of enteric infections. | many microbial pathogens recognize oligosaccharides displayed on the surface of host cells as receptors for toxins and adhesins. these ligand-receptor interactions are critical for disease pathogenesis, making them promising targets for novel anti-infectives. one strategy with particular utility against enteric infections involves expression of molecular mimics of host oligosaccharides on the surface of harmless bacteria capable of surviving in the gut. this can be achieved in gram-negative bact ... | 2009 | 21326923 |
| bioengineered bugs expressing oligosaccharide receptor mimics: toxin-binding probiotics for treatment and prevention of enteric infections. | many microbial pathogens recognize oligosaccharides displayed on the surface of host cells as receptors for toxins and adhesins. these ligand-receptor interactions are critical for disease pathogenesis, making them promising targets for novel anti-infectives. one strategy with particular utility against enteric infections involves expression of molecular mimics of host oligosaccharides on the surface of harmless bacteria capable of surviving in the gut. this can be achieved in gram-negative bact ... | 2009 | 21326923 |
| adherent-invasive escherichia coli target the epithelial barrier. | involvement of intestinal microbes in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (ibd, including crohn disease and ulcerative colitis) is well established. however, the mechanisms by which bacteria lead to intestinal injury in ibd remain unclear and are the focus of current research. using adherent-invasive escherichia coli (aiec) strain lf82, which is linked to crohn disease, we recently demonstrated the ability of these intestinal microbes to disrupt the integrity of epithelial ce ... | 2010 | 21326914 |
| prevalence of putative virulence markers in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolated from hospitalized children, raw chicken, and raw beef in tehran, iran. | the incidence of the virulence-associated genes cdta, cdtb, cdtc, cadf, dnaj, racr, and plda has been investigated in campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli collected from raw chicken and beef from retailers in tehran, iran, and from hospitalized children (age, =14 years) suffering from diarrhea. campylobacter spp. were collectively identified by morphological and biochemical methods. campylobacter jejuni and c. coli were discriminated from other campylobacter spp. by amplification of a spe ... | 2011 | 21326356 |
| does campylobacter jejuni infection elicit axonal or demyelinating guillain-barré syndrome, or both? | 2011 | 21325023 | |
| profound differences in the transcriptome of campylobacter jejuni grown in two different, widely used, microaerobic atmospheres. | it was noted that quantitative and qualitative differences occurred between the growth of campylobacter in microaerobic atmospheres provided by a gas replacement jar and that in a modular atmosphere controlled system cabinet, despite the fact that oxygen levels were comparable. hydrogen was, however, only present in the replacement mixture (3%). investigations were therefore carried out to examine any accompanying physiological or transcriptional differences. growth curves and motility studies u ... | 2011 | 21320592 |
| n-linked glycosylation of antibody fragments in escherichia coli. | glycosylation is the predominant protein modification to diversify the functionality of proteins. in particular, n-linked protein glycosylation can increase the biophysical and pharmacokinetic properties of therapeutic proteins. however, the major challenges in studying the consequences of protein glycosylation on a molecular level are caused by glycan heterogeneities of currently used eukaryotic expression systems, but the discovery of the n-linked protein glycosylation system in the e-proteoba ... | 2011 | 21319730 |
| crystal structure of a potassium ion transporter, trkh. | the trkh/trkg/ktrb proteins mediate k(+) uptake in bacteria and probably evolved from simple k(+) channels by multiple gene duplications or fusions. here we present the crystal structure of a trkh from vibrio parahaemolyticus. trkh is a homodimer, and each protomer contains an ion permeation pathway. a selectivity filter, similar in architecture to those of k(+) channels but significantly shorter, is lined by backbone and side-chain oxygen atoms. functional studies showed that trkh is selective ... | 2011 | 21317882 |