Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| allosteric catch bond properties of the fimh adhesin from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | despite sharing the name and the ability to mediate mannose-sensitive adhesion, the type 1 fimbrial fimh adhesins of salmonella typhimurium and escherichia coli share only 15% sequence identity. in the present study, we demonstrate that even with this limited identity in primary sequence, these two proteins share remarkable similarity of complex receptor-binding and structural properties. in silico simulations suggest that, like e. coli fimh, salmonella fimh has a two-domain tertiary structure t ... | 2011 | 21795699 |
| a stochastic approach for integrating strain variability in modeling salmonella enterica growth as a function of ph and water activity. | strain variability of the growth behavior of foodborne pathogens has been acknowledged as an important issue in food safety management. a stochastic model providing predictions of the maximum specific growth rate (µ(max)) of salmonella enterica as a function of ph and water activity (a(w)) and integrating intra-species variability data was developed. for this purpose, growth kinetic data of 60 s. enterica isolates, generated during monitoring of growth in tryptone soy broth of different ph (4.0- ... | 2011 | 21794942 |
| antioxidant and antibacterial activity of six edible wild plants (sonchus spp.) in china. | the total phenolic and flavonoid, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of six sonchus wild vegetables (sonchus oleraceus l., sonchus arvensis l., sonchus asper (l.) hill., sonchus uliginosus m.b., sonchus brachyotus dc. and sonchus lingianus shih) in china were investigated. the results revealed that s. arvensis extract and s. oleraceus extract contained the highest amount of phenolic and flavonoid, respectively. among the methanol extracts of six sonchus species, s. arvensis extract exhibit ... | 2011 | 21793765 |
| comparison of real-time pcr with conventional pcr and culture to assess the efficacy of a live attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium vaccine against salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis in commercial leghorn chicks vaccinated under field and laboratory conditions. | the efficacy of a live attenuated salmonella typhimurium megan vac 1 vaccine (mv1) was evaluated against salmonella enteritidis in chicken pullets with the use of pcr and culture methods. two hundred hyline w-32 white leghorn chicks were obtained from a local hatchery and divided into four treatment groups. two of the groups served as positive and negative controls. the mv1 vaccine was administered to the chicks in the remaining two groups at 1 and 35 days old by either the coarse spray (field) ... | 2011 | 21793441 |
| emergence of salmonella enterica serovar potsdam as a major serovar in waterfowl hatcheries and chicken eggs. | salmonellosis is a common food-borne illness in humans caused by salmonella-contaminated poultry and their products. in hatcheries, 110 salmonella isolates were identified, mostly from first enrichment, and few from delayed enrichment. the salmonella prevalence in goose and duck hatcheries was higher when measured by four multiplex pcr methods than by traditional culture (73.8% vs. 44.35%, p < 0.05); 97.3% of 110 isolates were salmonella potsdam of serogroup c1 and other isolates were salmonella ... | 2011 | 21793436 |
| regulating iron storage and metabolism with rna: an overview of posttranscriptional controls of intracellular iron homeostasis. | iron (fe) is a double-edged sword for most living organisms. although it is essential for the catalytic activity of a large number of enzymes, ferrous iron (fe(2+) ) becomes cytotoxic in the presence of normal respiratory by-products such as h(2) o(2) . because of this toxicity, intracellular iron concentrations ought to be regulated by elaborated homeostasis systems that, despite decades of extensive studies, have not yet revealed all of their surprising arrays of mechanistic details. within th ... | 2011 | 21793218 |
| new generation typhoid vaccines: an effective preventive strategy to control typhoid fever in developing countries. | typhoid fever is a serious systemic infection, caused by the enteric pathogen salmonella enterica serovar typhi, a highly virulent and invasive enteric bacterium. this disease occurs in all parts of world where water supplies and sanitation are substandard. these pathogens then travel to food, drinks and water through house-flies and other vectors. globally, an estimated 12 - 33 million cases of enteric fever occur with 216,000 - 600,000 deaths per year, almost exclusively in the developing coun ... | 2011 | 21791973 |
| development of multiplex pcr assay for rapid detection of riemerella anatipestifer, escherichia coli, and salmonella enterica simultaneously from ducks. | three pathogens, riemerella anatipestifer, escherichia coli, and salmonella enterica, are leading causes of bacterial fibrinous pericarditis and perihepatitis in ducks in china and worldwide. it is difficult to differentiate these pathogens when obtaining a diagnosis on clinical signs and pathological changes. the aim of this research was to develop a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (m-pcr) that could discriminate r. anatipestifer, e. coli, and s. enterica rapidly in field isolates, or detec ... | 2011 | 21791228 |
| the two-component sensor kinase kdpd is required for salmonella typhimurium colonization of caenorhabditis elegans and survival in macrophages. | the ability of enteric pathogens to perceive and adapt to distinct environments within the metazoan intestinal tract is critical for pathogenesis, however the preponderance of interactions between microbe- and host-derived factors remain to be fully understood. salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is a medically important enteric bacterium that colonizes, proliferates, and persists in the intestinal lumen of the nematode caenorhabditis elegans. several salmonella virulence factors important i ... | 2011 | 21790938 |
| a glance at listeria and salmonella cell invasion: different strategies to promote host actin polymerization. | the facultative intracellular bacterial pathogens listeria monocytogenes and salmonella enterica have evolved multiple strategies to invade a large panel of mammalian cells. these pathogens use the host cell actin system for invasion and became a paradigm for the study of host-pathogen interactions and bacterial adaptation to mammalian hosts. the key signaling component that these pathogens use to orchestrate actin remodeling is the arp2/3 complex, which is related to polymerization of actin fil ... | 2011 | 21783413 |
| type iv(b) pili are required for invasion but not for adhesion of salmonella enterica serovar typhi into bhk epithelial cells in a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-independent manner. | the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (cftr) has been proposed as an epithelial cell receptor for the entry of salmonella typhi but not salmonella typhimurium. the bacterial ligand recognized by cftr is thought to reside either in the s. typhi lipopolysaccharide core region or in the type iv pili. here, we assessed the ability of virulent strains of s. typhi and s. typhimurium to adhere to and invade bhk epithelial cells expressing either the wild-type cftr protein or the ?f508 ... | 2011 | 21782926 |
| porcine circovirus type 2 potentiates morbidity of salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis in cesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived pigs. | problem addressed: porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) and salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar choleraesuis (s. choleraesuis) are two leading causes of economic loss in the swine industry. although s. choleraesuis infection occurs concurrently with pcv2-associated disease in many swine herds, the pathogenesis of concurrent infection with pcv2 and s. choleraesuis remains largely undefined. objective: we investigated the interactions between pcv2 and s. choleraesuis in 20 cesarean-derived ... | 2011 | 21782358 |
| evaluation of different analysis and identification methods for salmonella detection in surface drinking water sources. | the standard method for detecting salmonella generally analyzes food or fecal samples. salmonella often occur in relatively low concentrations in environmental waters. therefore, some form of concentration and proliferation may be needed. this study compares three salmonella analysis methods and develops a new salmonella detection procedure for use in environmental water samples. the new procedure for salmonella detection include water concentration, nutrient broth enrichment, selection of salmo ... | 2011 | 21782212 |
| salmonella enterica ssp. arizonae infection in a 43-year-old italian man with hypoglobulinemia: a case report and review of the literature. | abstract: introduction: salmonella enterica ssp. arizonae is an uncommon human pathogen with serious infections reported in immunocompromised hosts. in europe, only a few cases have been described. patients with this infection usually have a history of contact with reptiles or travel abroad. we present a case report of infection in a patient with hypoglobulinemia and a literature review. case presentation: we describe the case of a 43-year-old caucasian italian man with hypoglobulinemia who pres ... | 2011 | 21781321 |
| activation of akt by the bacterial inositol phosphatase, sopb, is wortmannin insensitive. | salmonella enterica uses effector proteins translocated by a type iii secretion system to invade epithelial cells. one of the invasion-associated effectors, sopb, is an inositol phosphatase that mediates sustained activation of the pro-survival kinase akt in infected cells. canonical activation of akt involves membrane translocation and phosphorylation and is dependent on phosphatidyl inositide 3 kinase (pi3k). here we have investigated these two distinct processes in salmonella infected hela ce ... | 2011 | 21779406 |
| colombos: access port for cross-platform bacterial expression compendia. | microarrays are the main technology for large-scale transcriptional gene expression profiling, but the large bodies of data available in public databases are not useful due to the large heterogeneity. there are several initiatives that attempt to bundle these data into expression compendia, but such resources for bacterial organisms are scarce and limited to integration of experiments from the same platform or to indirect integration of per experiment analysis results. | 2011 | 21779320 |
| bacterial carbonic anhydrases as drug targets: toward novel antibiotics? | carbonic anhydrases (cas, ec 4.2.1.1) are metalloenzymes which catalyze the hydration of carbon dioxide to bicarbonate and protons. many pathogenic bacteria encode such enzymes belonging to the a-, ß-, and/or ?-ca families. in the last decade, the a-cas from neisseria spp. and helicobacter pylori as well as the ß-class enzymes from escherichia coli, h. pylori,mycobacterium tuberculosis, brucella spp., streptococcus pneumoniae, salmonella enterica, and haemophilus influenzae have been cloned and ... | 2011 | 21779249 |
| recurrent meningitis and subarachnoid hemorrhage due to salmonella in an hiv+ patient: case report and mini-review of the literature. | meningitis due to non-typhi salmonella is infrequent in hiv-positive adults.we report a case of a patient with >300 cd4+ cells/mm3 who presented with five episodes of recurrent meningitis, focal subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral vasculitis ultimately attributed to salmonella choleraesuis infection. even within the cart era invasive salmonellosis can occur in unusual ways in hiv-infected patients. | 2011 | 21772932 |
| effect of deletion of genes involved in lipopolysaccharide core and o-antigen synthesis on virulence and immunogenicity of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) is a major virulence factor of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, and is composed of lipid a, core-oligosaccharide (c-os) and o-antigen polysaccharide (o-ps). while the functions of the gene products involved in synthesis of core and o-antigen have been elucidated, the effect of removing o-antigen and core sugars on the virulence and immunogenicity of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium has not been systematically studied. we introduced non-polar, defined delet ... | 2011 | 21768282 |
| salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium colonizing the lumen of the chicken intestine are growing slowly and up-regulate a unique set of virulence and metabolism genes. | the pattern of global gene expression of s. typhimurium harvested from the chicken intestinal lumen (ceca) was compared with those of a late log lb broth culture using a whole genome microarray. levels of transcription, translation and cell division in vivo were lower than in vitro. s. typhimurium appeared to be using carbon sources such as propionate, 1,2-propanediol and ethanolamine in addition to melibiose and ascorbate, the latter possibly transformed to d-xylulose. amino acid starvation app ... | 2011 | 21768276 |
| leukocytic responses and intestinal mucin dynamics of broilers protected with enterococcus faecium ef55 and challenged with salmonella enteritidis. | the protective effect of enterococcus faecium ef55 in chickens challenged with salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis phage type 4 (se pt4) was assessed. the antibacterial effect on the bacterial microflora in the small intestine in relation to white blood cell count, phenotyping of peripheral blood and intestinal lymphocytes, functional activity of lymphocytes and phagocytes and mucin quantitation were investigated. day-old chicks (85) were randomly divided into four groups. the probiotic grou ... | 2011 | 21767856 |
| multiple targets of nitric oxide in the tricarboxylic acid cycle of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | host nitric oxide (no·) production is important for controlling intracellular bacterial pathogens, including salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, but the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. s. typhmurium 14028s is prototrophic for all amino acids but cannot synthesize methionine (m) or lysine (k) during nitrosative stress. here, we show that no·-induced mk auxotrophy results from reduced succinyl-coa availability as a consequence of no· targeting of lipoamide-dependent lipoami ... | 2011 | 21767810 |
| another target for no. | nitric oxide (no) is a poisonous free radical made by phagocytic cells to combat pathogens. richardson et al. (2011) show that the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lipoamide dehydrogenase is a target for the nitrosative stress exerted by no and related reactive nitrogen species. | 2011 | 21767805 |
| characterization of a novel extended-spectrum ß-lactamase phenotype from oxa-1 expression in salmonella typhimurium strains from africa and ireland. | salmonella enterica (s. typhimurium) strains from kenya, malawi, and ireland showing elevated cefepime mic values carried bla(oxa-1). these strains were not detected by current guidelines for extended-spectrum ß-lactamase production based on mic values or clavulanate inhibition, since cefepime is a preferred substrate for oxa-1 and this enzyme is reported to be resistant to clavulanate inhibition. bla(oxa-1) was located within a class i integron and an activated p(2) promoter was identified upst ... | 2011 | 21767713 |
| intraperitoneal immunization of recombinant hsp70 (dnak) of salmonella typhi induces a predominant th2 response and protective immunity in mice against lethal salmonella infection. | heat shock proteins serve as important antigens in defense against infectious diseases. members of hsp70 family, particularly microbial hsp70s have acquired special significance in immunity. in the present study, we evaluated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of hsp70 of salmonella enterica serovar typhi against lethal infection by salmonella in mice with or without adjuvants. the hsp70 gene was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli bl21 and purified by affinity chromatography. immun ... | 2011 | 21767594 |
| the heat-resistant agglutinin family includes a novel adhesin from enteroaggregative escherichia coli strain 60a. | heat-resistant agglutinin 1 (hra1) is an accessory colonization factor of enteroaggregative escherichia coli (eaec) strain 042. tia, a close homolog of hra1, is an invasin and adhesin that has been described in enterotoxigenic e. coli. we devised a pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism screen for these genes and found that they occur among 55 (36.7%) of enteroaggregative e. coli screened, as well as lower proportions of enterotoxigenic, enteropathogenic, enterohemorrhagic and commensal e. ... | 2011 | 21764925 |
| metabolomics reveals phospholipids as important nutrient sources during salmonella growth in bile in vitro and in vivo. | during the colonization of hosts, bacterial pathogens are presented with many challenges that must be overcome for colonization to successfully occur. this requires bacterial sensing of the surroundings and adaptation to the conditions encountered. one of the major impediments to pathogen colonization of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract is the antibacterial action of bile. salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium has specific mechanisms involved in resistance to bile. additionally, salmonella ... | 2011 | 21764918 |
| oral administration of live attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium expressing chicken interferon-a alleviates clinical signs caused by respiratory infection with avian influenza virus h9n2. | low pathogenic avian influenza (lpai) h9n2 has attracted considerable attention due to severe commercial losses in the poultry industry. furthermore, avian influenza virus (aiv) h9n2-infected chickens can be a reservoir for viral transmission to mammals including pigs and humans, complicating control of viral mutants. chicken interferon-alpha (chifn-a) may be useful as an exogenous antiviral agent to control aiv h9n2 infection. however, a superior vehicle for administration of chifn-a is needed ... | 2011 | 21764226 |
| development and evaluation of gamma irradiated toxoid vaccine of salmonella enterica var typhimurium. | development of a single effective vaccine against non-typhoidal salmonellosis is very challenging due to the presence of hundreds of serovars of salmonella which are antigenically different from each other. the salmonella enterotoxin (stn), a common virulence factor occurring amongst a wide range of serovars, used as a formalized toxoid vaccine has been found to be effective against homologous and heterologous serovars. however, the process of formalization has its own drawbacks. gamma radiation ... | 2011 | 21763085 |
| independent evolutionary origins of functional polyamine biosynthetic enzyme fusions catalysing de novo diamine to triamine formation. | we have identified gene fusions of polyamine biosynthetic enzymes s-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (adometdc, sped) and aminopropyltransferase (spee) orthologues in diverse bacterial phyla. both domains are functionally active and we demonstrate the novel de novo synthesis of the triamine spermidine from the diamine putrescine by fusion enzymes from ß-proteobacterium delftia acidovorans and d-proteobacterium syntrophus aciditrophicus, in a ?spede gene deletion strain of salmonella enterica sv. ... | 2011 | 21762220 |
| interkingdom crosstalk: host neuroendocrine stress hormones drive the hemolytic behavior of salmonella typhi. | the ability of bacterial pathogens to sense their immediate environment plays a significant role on their capacity to survive and cause disease. salmonella enterica serovar typhi (s. typhi) is an exclusively human pathogen that causes typhoid fever. in a recent study, we have shown that s. typhi senses and responds to host neuroendocrine stress hormones to release the toxin hemolysin e. hormone-mediated hemolysis by s. typhi was inhibited by the ß-blocker propranolol and was dependent on the pre ... | 2011 | 21758008 |
| inhibition studies of the ß-carbonic anhydrases from the bacterial pathogen salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium with sulfonamides and sulfamates. | the two ß-carbonic anhydrases (cas, ec 4.2.1.1) from the bacterial pathogen salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, stca 1 and stca 2, were investigated for their inhibition with a large panel of sulfonamides and sulfamates. unlike inorganic anions, which are weak, millimolar inhibitors of the two enzymes [vullo et al., bioorg. med. chem. lett.2011, 21, 3591], sulfonamides and sulfamates are effective micro-to nanomolar inhibitors of the two enzymes. various types of inhibitors have been detect ... | 2011 | 21757360 |
| bacillus subtilis (dsm17299) significantly reduces salmonella in broilers. | salmonella continues to be a major public health burden worldwide. poultry are known to be one of the main reservoirs for this zoonotic pathogen. it has previously been shown that a single dose of bacillus subtilis reduces fecal shedding of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis, whereas no effect on long-term colonization of the cecum has been observed. here we report experiments that were undertaken to test the efficacy of a conventional diet supplemented with a probiotic (b. subtilis dsm1729 ... | 2011 | 21753205 |
| microencapsulated sorbic acid and nature-identical compounds reduced salmonella hadar and salmonella enteritidis colonization in experimentally infected chickens. | the reduction of salmonella prevalence in broilers is a priority in european union agricultural policies because treatment with antibiotics is forbidden by regulation (ec) 2160/2003. two trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a microencapsulated blend of sorbic acid and nature-identical compounds (i.e., chemically synthesized botanicals; sab) on the reduction of the cecal prevalence and contents of salmonella enterica serovars hadar and enteritidis in experimentally infected chickens. ... | 2011 | 21753203 |
| biological activity of twenty-three hydantoin derivatives on intrinsic efflux pump system of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis nctc 13349. | hydantoin derivatives have important biochemical and pharmacological properties. in the present study, 23 hydantoin compounds were evaluated for their efflux-modulating effects in salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis nctc 13349 using real-time fluorimetry based on the intracellular accumulation of ethidium bromide (eb), a universal substrate of efflux pumps. | 2011 | 21753132 |
| outbreak of a novel enterobacter sp. carrying bla(ctx-m-15) in a neonatal unit of a tertiary care hospital in tanzania. | enterobacter hormaechei and cronobacter sakazakii are amongst the most important causes of outbreaks of neonatal sepsis associated with powdered milk. in this study, we report for the first time an outbreak of a novel enterobacter sp. harbouring bla(ctx-m-15) in a neonatal unit in tanzania. seventeen gram-negative enteric isolates from neonatal blood cultures were studied. antibiotic susceptibility was assessed by disc diffusion testing, and the presence of the bla(ctx-m-15) gene was established ... | 2011 | 21752606 |
| essential oils from moroccan plants as potential chemosensitisers restoring antibiotic activity in resistant gram-negative bacteria. | bacterial drug resistance is a worrying public health problem. antibiotic efflux is a major non-specific resistance mechanism used by bacteria, and efflux pumps are involved in the low-level susceptibility of various important gram-negative pathogens. use of molecules that can block bacterial pumps is an attractive strategy, but several studies report only partial efficacy owing to limits of these molecules (stability, selectivity, bioavailability, toxicity, etc.). the objective of this study wa ... | 2011 | 21752605 |
| impedimetric biosensor based on self-assembled hybrid cystein-gold nanoparticles and cramoll lectin for bacterial lipopolysaccharide recognition. | we report the development of a new selective and specific electrochemical biosensor for bacterial lipolysaccharide (lps). an electrode interface was constructed using a l-cysteine-gold nanoparticle (aunpcys) composite to be immobilized by electrostatic interaction in the network of a poly(vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate maleic acid) (pvm) layer on a gold bare electrode. the impedimetric biosensor is fabricated by self-assembled cramoll lectin on the pvm-aunpcys-modified gold electrode through elect ... | 2011 | 21752390 |
| ciprofloxacin-resistant salmonella enterica serotype typhi, united states, 1999-2008. | we report 9 ciprofloxacin-resistant salmonella enterica serotype typhi isolates submitted to the us national antimicrobial resistance monitoring system during 1999-2008. the first 2 had indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns and identical gyra and parc mutations. eight of the 9 patients had traveled to india within 30 days before illness onset. | 2011 | 21749779 |
| salmonella enterica serotype typhi with nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype. | we report salmonella enterica serotype typhi strains with a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype (i.e., decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin but with susceptibility to nalidixic acid) associated with a nonsynonymous mutation at codon 464 of the gyrb gene. these strains, not detected by the nalidixic acid disk screening test, can result in fluoroquinolone treatment failure. | 2011 | 21749778 |
| increasing ceftriaxone resistance in salmonellae, taiwan. | in taiwan, despite a substantial decline of salmonella enterica serotype choleraesuis infections, strains resistant to ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone persist. a self-transferable blacmy-2-harboring inci1 plasmid was identified in s. enterica serotypes choleraesuis, typhimurium, agona, and enteritidis and contributed to the overall increase of ceftriaxone resistance in salmonellae. | 2011 | 21749777 |
| establishing streptomycin epidemiological cut-off values for salmonella and escherichia coli. | this study was conducted to elucidate the accuracy of the current streptomycin epidemiological cut-off value (ecoff) for escherichia coli and salmonella spp. a total of 236 salmonella enterica and 208 e. coli isolates exhibiting mics between 4 and 32?mg/l were selected from 12 countries. isolates were investigated by polymerase chain reaction for aada, stra, and strb streptomycin resistance genes. out of 236 salmonella isolates, 32 (13.5%) yielded amplicons for aada (n?=?23), stra (n?=?9), and s ... | 2011 | 21749212 |
| salmonella interaction with and passage through the intestinal mucosa: through the lens of the organism. | salmonella enterica serotypes are invasive enteric pathogens spread through fecal contamination of food and water sources, and represent a constant public health threat around the world. the symptoms associated with salmonellosis and typhoid disease are largely due to the host response to invading salmonella, and to the mechanisms these bacteria employ to survive in the presence of, and invade through the intestinal mucosal epithelia. surmounting this barrier is required for survival within the ... | 2011 | 21747800 |
| contribution of a streptococcus mutans antigen expressed by a salmonella vector vaccine in dendritic cell activation. | a salmonella vector vaccine expressing the saliva-binding region (sbr) of the adhesin agi/ii of streptococcus mutans has been shown to induce a mixed th1/th2 anti-sbr immune response in mice and to require tlr2, tlr4 and myd88 signaling for the induction of mucosal anti-sbr antibody responses. since dendritic cells (dc) are critical in innate and adaptive immunity, the present study assessed the role of sbr expression by the vector vaccine in dc activation. bone marrow-derived dc from wild type, ... | 2011 | 21746857 |
| osteomyelitis due to salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae: the price of exotic pets. | clin microbiol infect abstract: we describe a 31-year-old immunocompromised patient who developed sepsis and osteomyelitis due to salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae secondary to exposure to iguana and snakes kept as pets at her home, and review all 23 previously published cases of bone and joint infections due to this organism, for a total of nine children and 15 adults. eleven of the adults were female (73%), compared with three (33%) of the children (p <0.01). significant underlying illnesses ... | 2011 | 21745257 |
| rhizosphere effect on survival of escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in manure-amended soil during cabbage (brassica oleracea) cultivation under tropical field conditions in sub-saharan africa. | the effect of cabbage (brassica oleracea) rhizosphere on survival of escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella typhimurium in manure-amended soils under tropical field conditions was investigated in the central agro-ecological zone of uganda. three-week old cabbage seedlings were transplanted and cultivated for 120days on manure-amended soil inoculated with 4 or 7log cfu/g non-virulent e. coli o157:h7 and s. typhimurium. cabbage rhizosphere did not affect survival of the 4log cfu/g inocula in manu ... | 2011 | 21741722 |
| transcriptional priming of salmonella pathogenicity island-2 precedes cellular invasion. | invasive salmonellosis caused by salmonella enterica involves an enteric stage of infection where the bacteria colonize mucosal epithelial cells, followed by systemic infection with intracellular replication in immune cells. the type iii secretion system encoded in salmonella pathogenicity island (spi)-2 is essential for intracellular replication and the regulators governing high-level expression of spi-2 genes within the macrophage phagosome and in inducing media thought to mimic this environme ... | 2011 | 21738750 |
| antimicrobial resistance in enteric pathogens isolated from minnesota pigs from 1995 to 2004. | this study investigated the occurrence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of escherichia coli and salmonella sp. isolated from swine samples submitted to the minnesota veterinary diagnostic laboratory (mvdl) in saint paul, minnesota from 1995 to 2004. during this time period, a total of 5072 e. coli and 2793 salmonella sp. was isolated. most of these isolates were found to be resistant to the tetracycline and beta-lactam group of antibiotics. resistance to spectinomycin was also frequently ob ... | 2011 | 21731182 |
| functional dissection of siie, a giant non-fimbrial adhesin of salmonella enterica. | salmonella enterica deploys the giant non-fimbrial adhesin siie to adhere to the apical side of polarized epithelial cells. the establishment of close contact is a prerequisite for subsequent invasion mediated by translocation of effector proteins of the salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (spi1)-encoded type iii secretion system (t3ss). although siie is secreted into the culture medium, the adhesin is retained on the bacterial envelope in the phase of highest bacterial invasiveness. to dissect th ... | 2011 | 21729227 |
| effects of two simulated oxytetracycline dosing regimens on horizontal transfer of antimicrobial resistance plasmids in an in vitro pharmacodynamic model. | to evaluate the impact of oxytetracycline exposure on horizontal transfer of an antimicrobial resistance plasmid. | 2011 | 21728847 |
| phylogenetic relationship of salmonella enterica strains in tehran, iran, using 16s rrna and gyrb gene sequences. | we assessed whether 16s rdna and gyrb gene sequences, alone or combined, were suitable for determining the phylogenetic relationship among salmonella enterica strains isolated from tehran, iran. patients over five years of age enrolled in an acute diarrheal surveillance project in tehran province between may 2004 and october 2006 were selected as our study group. | 2011 | 21727646 |
| cora, the magnesium/nickel/cobalt transporter, affects virulence and extracellular enzyme production in the soft rot pathogen pectobacterium carotovorum. | pectobacterium carotovorum (formerly erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora) is a phytopathogenic bacterium that causes soft rot disease, characterized by water-soaked soft decay, resulting from the action of cell wall-degrading exoenzymes secreted by the pathogen. virulence in soft rot bacteria is regulated by environmental factors, host and bacterial chemical signals, and a network of global and gene-specific bacterial regulators. we isolated a mini-tn5 mutant of p. carotovorum that is reduced in ... | 2011 | 21726393 |
| the rhodanese domain of thii is both necessary and sufficient for synthesis of the thiazole moiety of thiamine in salmonella enterica. | in salmonella enterica, thii is a bifunctional enzyme required for the synthesis of both the 4-thiouridine modification in trna and the thiazole moiety of thiamine. in 4-thiouridine biosynthesis, thii adenylates the trna uridine and transfers sulfur from a persulfide formed on the protein. the role of thii in thiazole synthesis is not yet well understood. mutational analysis described here found that thii residues required for 4-thiouridine synthesis were not involved in thiazole biosynthesis. t ... | 2011 | 21724998 |
| application of variable number of tandem repeat analysis to track salmonella enterica ssp. enterica serovar typhimurium infection of pigs reared on three british farms through the production cycle to the abattoir. | aims:ôçé this study investigated the diversity and persistence of salmonella strains through the pork finishing cycle, from the farm into the abattoir. methods and results:ôçé isolates from four batches of finishers, from farm to abattoir, were used. salmonella typhimurium isolates were subjected to molecular typing using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and variable number of tandem repeat analysis. the results demonstrated that infection was transferred from the farm to the abattoir. within th ... | 2011 | 21722278 |
| treatment of typhoid fever in the 21st century: promises and shortcomings. | emergence of multidrug resistance and decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility (dcs) in salmonella enterica serovar typhi in south asia have rendered older drugs, including ampicillin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin, ineffective or suboptimal for typhoid fever. ideally, treatment should be safe and available for adults and children in shortened courses of 5 days, cause defervescence within 1 week, render blood and stool cultures sterile, and prevent r ... | 2011 | 21722249 |
| detection and characterization of mycoplasma spp. and salmonella spp. in free-living european tortoises (testudo hermanni, testudo graeca, and testudo marginata). | free-living and captive chelonians might suffer from upper respiratory tract disease (urtd), a pathology primarily caused by mycoplasma agassizii. wild tortoises can also be an important reservoir of salmonella spp., which are commensal in the host reptile but are potential zoonotic agents. between july 2009 and june 2010, we screened free-living european tortoises (spur-thighed tortoises testudo graeca, hermann's tortoises testudo hermanni, marginated tortoises testudo marginata) temporarily ho ... | 2011 | 21719840 |
| the dickeya dadantii biofilm matrix consists of cellulose nanofibers and is an emergent property dependent upon the type iii secretion system and the cellulose synthesis operon. | dickeya dadantii is a plant pathogenic bacterium that produces cellulose-containing biofilms, called pellicles, at the air-liquid interface of liquid cultures. d. dadantii pellicle formation appears to be an emergent property dependent upon at least three gene clusters, including cellulose synthesis, type iii secretion system (t3ss), and flagellar genes. the d. dadantii cellulose synthesis operon is homologous to that of gluconacetobacter xylinus, which is used for industrial cellulose productio ... | 2011 | 21719543 |
| the pmra/pmrb regulatory system controls the expression of the wzzfepe gene involved in the o-antigen synthesis of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | the degree of polymerization of o-antigen from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is controlled by the products of the wzz(s)(t) and wzz(fepe) genes. in the present study we investigated the role of the pmra/pmrb regulatory system in wzz(fepe) transcription. we report that the direct binding of the pmra regulator to a specific promoter site induces the expression of the wzz(fepe) gene. this effect increases the amount of very long (vl) o-antigen, which is required for the resistance of salm ... | 2011 | 21719537 |
| high hydrostatic pressure processing reduces salmonella enterica serovars in diced and whole tomatoes. | fresh and fresh-cut tomatoes have been associated with numerous outbreaks of salmonellosis in recent years. one effective post harvest treatment to reduce salmonella enterica in tomatoes may be high pressure processing (hpp). the objectives of the study were to determine the potential for hpp to reduce s. enterica serovars newport, javiana, braenderup and anatum in tryptic soy broth (tsb) and to determine the effect of hpp to reduce the most pressure resistant of the four serovars from fresh dic ... | 2011 | 21719138 |
| enhanced protection against infection with transmissible gastroenteritis virus in piglets by oral co-administration of live attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium expressing swine interferon-+¦ and interleukin-18. | the enhanced effect of cytokine combinations has been assessed empirically, based on their immunobiological mechanisms. however, far less is known of the enhanced protection of practical cytokine combinations against viral infection in the livestock industry, due to cost and production issues associated with mass administration. this study demonstrates the enhanced protection of oral co-administration of swine interferon-+¦ (swifn-+¦) and interleukin-18 (swil-18) against infection with transmiss ... | 2011 | 21719106 |
| evaluation of antibacterial activity against salmonella enteritidis. | salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis is a well-known pathogenic bacterium responsible for human gastrointestinal enteritis mainly due to the consumption of eggs and egg-products. the first aim of this work was to study several virulence factors of a strain isolated from egg content: seovo. first, bacterial growth was studied at several temperatures and cell morphology was observed by scanning electronic microscopy. these experiments showed salmonella's ability to grow at low temperatures and ... | 2011 | 21717317 |
| salmonella enteritidis universal stress protein (usp) gene expression is stimulated by egg white and supports oviduct colonization and egg contamination in laying hens. | salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar enteritidis has caused a worldwide egg-associated pandemic since the mid 1980s. the exact mechanisms causing this egg tropism are still largely unknown, and only a few salmonella genes have been implicated in the interaction with the oviduct or eggs. a in vivo expression technology screening performed previously, identified the uspa and uspb genes as being highly expressed in the chicken oviduct and in eggs. here, we demonstrate that uspa and uspb ... | 2011 | 21715109 |
| antimicrobial resistance trends in blood culture positive salmonella typhi isolates from pondicherry, india, 2005-2009. | clin microbiol infect abstract: typhoid fever is caused by salmonella enterica serovar typhi, a major public health concern in developing countries. recently, there has been an upsurge in the occurrence of bacterial isolates that are resistant to ciprofloxacin, and the emergence of broad spectrum +¦-lactamases in typhoidal salmonellae constitutes a new challenge for the clinician. a total of 337 blood culture isolates of s.-átyphi, isolated from pondicherry, india, between january 2005 and decem ... | 2011 | 21714829 |
| the influence of reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones in salmonella enterica serovar typhi on the clinical response to ofloxacin therapy. | infection with salmonella enterica serovar typhi (s. typhi) with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones has been associated with fluoroquinolone treatment failure. we studied the relationship between ofloxacin treatment response and the ofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of the infecting isolate. individual patient data from seven randomised controlled trials of antimicrobial treatment in enteric fever conducted in vietnam in which ofloxacin was used in at least one of the trea ... | 2011 | 21713025 |
| emergence of multi-drug resistant salmonella enterica serotype stanleyville infections among children in yaounde, cameroon. | 2011 | 21712305 | |
| salmonella typhimurium invasion of hep-2 epithelial cells in vitro is increased by n-acylhomoserine lactone quorum sensing signals. | in gram-negative bacteria, the most commonly studied quorum sensing signals are the n-acylhomoserine lactones (ahls). in salmonella, ahls are recognized by sdia, which is believed to be a sensor of ahls produced by other bacteria, since salmonella does not produce ahls itself. it has been speculated that ahls produced by the gastrointestinal flora may influence the regulation of virulence traits in salmonella. the aim of the present work was to study the effect of ahls on epithelial cell invasio ... | 2011 | 21711544 |
| safety and efficacy of a virulence gene-deleted live vaccine candidate for fowl typhoid in young chickens. | the safety and efficacy of a live lon-and-cpxr-deleted salmonella enterica serovar gallinarum (sg) vaccine candidate (jol916) was evaluated in young layer chickens. vaccinated (n=25) and unvaccinated (n=25) groups were organized, respectively, at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks of age. one-week-old and 2-week-old chickens were orally inoculated with 2+ù10(7) colony-forming units of jol916, and orally challenged with 2 x 10(6) colony-forming units of a wild-type sg strain at the third week post vaccination ... | 2011 | 21711190 |
| Molecular mechanism for eliminylation, a newly discovered post-translational modification. | The newly discovered bacterial phosphothreonine lyases perform a post-translational modification of host cell signaling proteins through a novel catalytic mechanism that irreversibly removes the phosphate group from a phosphorylated threonine via +¦-elimination. This "eliminylation" reaction is shown by ab initio QM/MM studies to proceed via an E1cB-like pathway, in which the carbanion intermediate is stabilized by an enzyme oxyanion hole provided by Lys104 and Tyr158 of SpvC. | 2011 | 21710993 |
| a food borne outbreak of salmonella enterica serotype brandenburg as a hint to compare human, animal and food isolates identified in the years 2005-2009 in italy. | there are only a few reported cases of salmonella enterica serotype brandenburg foodborne outbreaks in the literature. in italy brandenburg is consistently present among the top ten serotypes from human source, but at low prevalences. | 2011 | 21710817 |
| Characterization of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Isolates Harboring a Chromosomally Encoded CMY-2 {beta}-Lactamase Gene Located on a Multidrug Resistance Genomic Island. | Since 2004, extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) isolates have been detected from cattle in the northern major island of Japan, Hokkaido. Resistance to ESCs was found to be mediated by CMY-2 type +¦-lactamase among 22 epidemiologically unrelated isolates showing indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns. Southern blot analysis using I-CeuI-digested genomic DNA demonstrated that the CMY-2 +¦-lactamase gene (bla( ... | 2011 | 21709089 |
| b cell priming for extrafollicular antibody responses requires bcl-6 expression by t cells. | t follicular helper cells (tfh cells) localize to follicles where they provide growth and selection signals to mutated germinal center (gc) b cells, thus promoting their differentiation into high affinity long-lived plasma cells and memory b cells. t-dependent b cell differentiation also occurs extrafollicularly, giving rise to unmutated plasma cells that are important for early protection against microbial infections. bcl-6 expression in t cells has been shown to be essential for the formation ... | 2011 | 21708925 |
| molecular and comparative analysis of salmonella enterica senftenberg from humans and animals using pfge, mlst and narms. | salmonella species are recognized worldwide as a significant cause of human and animal disease. in this study the molecular profiles and characteristics of salmonella enterica senftenberg isolated from human cases of illness and those recovered from healthy or diagnostic cases in animals were assessed. included in the study was a comparison with our own sequenced strain of s. senfteberg recovered from production turkeys in north dakota. isolates examined in this study were subjected to antimicro ... | 2011 | 21708021 |
| a multiplex real-time pcr assay targeting virulence and resistance genes in salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium. | abstract: | 2011 | 21707966 |
| deletion of the acee gene (encoding a component of pyruvate dehydrogenase) attenuates salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. | salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) is a major food-borne pathogen. from a transposon insertion mutant library created previously using s. enteritidis 10/02, one of the mutants was identified to have a 50% lethal dose (ld(50) ) at least 100 times that of the parental strain in young chicks, with an attenuation in a poorly studied gene encoding a component of pyruvate dehydrogenase, namely the acee gene. evaluation of the in vitro virulence characteristics of the +öaceeôêàkan ... | 2011 | 21707778 |
| Reduced invasion to human epithelial cell lines of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi carrying S. Typhimurium sopD2. | Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and Typhimurium are closely related serovars. However, S. Typhi, a human-specific pathogen, has 5% of genes as pseudogenes, far more than S. Typhimurium, which only has 1%. One of these pseudogenes corresponds to sopD2, which in S. Typhimurium encodes an effector protein involved in Salmonella-containing vacuole biogenesis in human epithelial cell lines, which is needed for full virulence of the pathogen. We investigated whether S. Typhi trans-complemented with ... | 2011 | 21707735 |
| contaminated commercial dehydrated food as source of multiple salmonella serotypes outbreak in a municipal kennel in tuscany. | the authors describe a large outbreak of canine salmonellosis in a municipal kennel in tuscany. during the outbreak, 174 samples of 'diarrhetic' and 'normal' faeces and two batches of commercial dehydrated dog food were cultured for pathogenic bacteria. the results of 25, out of a total of 41 dogs (60.9%) revealed at least one faecal sample as being positive for salmonella; incidence per sampling ranged from 12.5% to 34%. nine of 10 samples of dehydrated food were positive. ten totally different ... | 2011 | 21706471 |
| effect of growth under selection on appearance of chromosomal mutations in salmonella enterica. | populations adapt physiologically using regulatory mechanisms and genetically by means of mutations that improve growth. during growth under selection, genetic adaptation can be rapid. in several genetic systems, the speed of adaptation has been attributed to cellular mechanisms that increase mutation rates in response to growth limitation. an alternative possibility is that growth limitation serves only as a selective agent but acts on small-effect mutations that are common under all growth con ... | 2011 | 21705757 |
| antimicrobial resistance and virulence determinants in european salmonella genomic island 1-positive salmonella enterica isolates from different origins. | salmonella genomic island 1 (sgi1) contains a multidrug resistance region conferring the ampicillin-chloramphenicol-streptomycin-sulfamethoxazole-tetracycline resistance phenotype encoded by bla(pse-1), flor, aada2, sul1, and tet(g). its increasing spread via interbacterial transfer and the emergence of new variants are important public health concerns. we investigated the molecular properties of sgi1-carrying salmonella enterica serovars selected from a european strain collection. a total of 38 ... | 2011 | 21705546 |
| effects of orally administered bdellovibrio bacteriovorus on the well-being and salmonella colonization of young chicks. | bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is a bacterium which preys upon and kills gram-negative bacteria, including the zoonotic pathogens escherichia coli and salmonella. bdellovibrio has potential as a biocontrol agent, but no reports of it being tested in living animals have been published, and no data on whether bdellovibrio might spread between animals are available. in this study, we tried to fill this knowledge gap, using b. bacteriovorus hd100 doses in poultry with a normal gut microbiota or predosed ... | 2011 | 21705523 |
| transposon tn5393e carrying the apha1-containing transposon tn6023 upstream of strab does not confer resistance to streptomycin. | the simplest form of transposon tn5393 carries the stra and strb genes that confer resistance to streptomycin, in addition to its transposition determinants. tn5393e, made up of tn5393 and a second transposon, tn6023, was found in an inchi2 plasmid, psrc125, recovered from a multiply antibiotic-resistant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium isolate of bovine origin. tn6023 is made up of the apha1b gene flanked by two inversely oriented copies of insertion sequence (is) is26 and is flanked by ... | 2011 | 21702681 |
| a new rapid and micro-scale hydrolysis, using triethylamine citrate, for lipopolysaccharide characterization by mass spectrometry. | endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, lps) is, in general, composed of two moieties: a hydrophilic polysaccharide linked to a hydrophobic lipid a terminal unit and forms a major surface component of gram-negative bacteria. the structural features of lps moieties play a role in pathogenesis and also involve immunogenicity and diagnostic serology. the major toxic factor of lps resides in the lipid a moiety, anchored in the outer layer of the bacterium, and its relative biological activity is critically r ... | 2011 | 21698687 |
| rapid genoserotyping tool for classification of salmonella serovars. | we have developed a salmonella genoserotyping array (sgsa) which rapidly generates an antigenic formula consistent with the white-kauffmann-le minor scheme, currently the gold standard for salmonella serotyping. a set of 287 strains representative of 133 salmonella serovars was assembled to validate the array and to test the array probes for accuracy, specificity, and reproducibility. initially, 76 known serovars were utilized to validate the specificity and repeatability of the array probes and ... | 2011 | 21697324 |
| salmonella-induced mucosal lectin regiii+¦ kills competing gut microbiota. | intestinal inflammation induces alterations of the gut microbiota and promotes overgrowth of the enteric pathogen salmonella enterica by largely unknown mechanisms. here, we identified a host factor involved in this process. specifically, the c-type lectin regiii+¦ is strongly upregulated during mucosal infection and released into the gut lumen. in vitro, regiii+¦ kills diverse commensal gut bacteria but not salmonella enterica subspecies i serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium). protection of the ... | 2011 | 21694778 |
| the utility of diagnostic tests for enteric fever in endemic locations. | enteric fever, an infection caused by salmonella enterica serovar typhi and serovar paratyphi a, is common and endemic in many areas of the asian and african continents. in endemic areas, diagnostic tests are needed to diagnose acute cases for clinical management, to detect convalescent and chronic fecal carriage and for contact tracing. a suitable test may also allow an assessment of disease burden in a community to determine the need for vaccination programs. each specific role may warrant a d ... | 2011 | 21692675 |
| antioxidant oils and salmonella enterica typhimurium reduce tumor in an experimental model of hepatic metastasis. | fruit seeds high in antioxidants have been shown to have anticancer properties and enhance host protection against microbial infection. recently we showed that a single oral dose of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium expressing a truncated human interleukin-2 gene (salpil2) is avirulent, immunogenic, and reduces hepatic metastases through increased natural killer cell populations in mice. to determine whether antioxidant compounds enhance the antitumor effect seen in salpil2-treated animals ... | 2011 | 21691578 |
| in vitro and in vivo synergistic effects of cryptdin 2 and ampicillin against salmonella. | in view of the emergence of multidrug-resistant salmonella strains, there is a need for therapeutic alternatives. to reduce the dose of antibiotic required in order to decrease the associated side effects, the present study was aimed at evaluating the synergism between cryptdin 2 (a paneth cell antimicrobial peptide) and ampicillin (amp) against salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. the synergy was evaluated in terms of the fractional bactericidal concentration (fbc) index, time-kill assay re ... | 2011 | 21690282 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility to azithromycin among salmonella enterica isolates from the united states. | due to emerging resistance to traditional antimicrobial agents, such as ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and chloramphenicol, azithromycin is increasingly used for the treatment of invasive salmonella infections. in the present study, 696 isolates of non-typhi salmonella collected from humans, food animals, and retail meats in the united states were investigated for antimicrobial susceptibility to azithromycin. seventy-two salmonella enterica serotype typhi isolates from humans were al ... | 2011 | 21690279 |
| the non-motile phenotype of salmonella hha ydgt mutants is mediated through pefi-srgd. | two ancestral nucleoid-associated proteins called hha and ydgt contribute to the negative regulation of several virulence-associated genes in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. our previous work showed that hha and ydgt proteins are required for negative regulation of salmonella pathogenicity island-2 and that hha ydgt double mutants are attenuated for murine infection. interestingly, hha ydgt mutant bacteria exhibited a non-motile phenotype suggesting that hha and ydgt have a role in flag ... | 2011 | 21689395 |
| salmonella - at home in the host cell. | the gram-negative bacterium salmonella enterica has developed an array of sophisticated tools to manipulate the host cell and establish an intracellular niche, for successful propagation as a facultative intracellular pathogen. while salmonella exerts diverse effects on its host cell, only the cell biology of the classic "trigger"-mediated invasion process and the subsequent development of the salmonella-containing vacuole have been investigated extensively. these processes are dependent on coho ... | 2011 | 21687432 |
| immunization of chickens with salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar enteritidis pathogenicity island-2 proteins. | several structural components of the type iii secretion systems (t3ss) encoded by salmonella pathogenicity island (spi)-1 and spi-2 are exposed to the host's immune system prior to/during the infection/invasion process, making them potential vaccine candidates. in this study we evaluated whether chickens vaccinated with spi-2 t3ss components could mount a significant humoral immune response (as measured by serum igg titres) and whether these antibodies could be transferred to progeny (as measure ... | 2011 | 21684090 |
| innate immunity: unfolding the neuro-immuno connections. | the innate immune system maintains health and fitness during infection by eliminating infectious agents and by limiting damage caused by pathogens or immune activation. the nervous system contributes to innate immunity by modulating the expression of antimicrobial peptides and by regulating the unfolded protein response. | 2011 | 21683903 |
| integration host factor alleviates h-ns silencing of the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium master regulator of spi1, hila. | coordination of the expression of salmonella enterica invasion genes on salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (spi1) depends on a complex circuit involving several regulators that converge on expression of the hila gene, which encodes a transcriptional activator (hila) that modulates expression of the spi1 virulence genes. two of the global regulators that influence hila expression are the nucleoid-associated proteins hha and h-ns. they interact and form a complex that modulates gene expression. a c ... | 2011 | 21680637 |
| coiled-coil domains enhance the membrane association of salmonella type iii effectors. | coiled-coil domains in eukaryotic and prokaryotic proteins contribute to diverse structural and regulatory functions. here we have used in silico analysis to predict which proteins in the proteome of the enteric pathogen, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, harbour coiled-coil domains. we found that coiled-coil domains are especially prevalent in virulence-associated proteins, including type iii effectors. using sopb as a model coiled-coil domain type iii effector, we have investigated the ... | 2011 | 21679290 |
| reactive arthritis in a population exposed to an extensive waterborne gastroenteritis outbreak after sewage contamination in pirkanmaa, finland. | objectives: to assess the occurrence, clinical picture, and triggering infections of reactive arthritis (rea) associated with a large waterborne gastroenteritis outbreak. methods: after an extensive sewage contamination of the water supply system, an estimated 8453 of the 30 016 inhabitants of the town of nokia fell ill. general practitioners and occupational physicians were advised to refer any patients with suspicion of new rea to rheumatological examination including faecal culture, human leu ... | 2011 | 21679096 |
| assessment of salmonella spp. in feces, cloacal swabs, and eggs (eggshell and content separately) from a laying hen farm. | microbial pathogens of the genus salmonella are among the leading causes of foodborne illness in the world. the present study was done on a laying hen farm with a salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis-positive result according to the testing specified by european regulation 2160/2003. the aim of this study was to compare the salmonella contamination on a laying hen farm with the salmonella presence in the hen eggs. the strains were isolated by iso method 6579:2002 (standard method for the dete ... | 2011 | 21673175 |
| sodium alginate oligosaccharides from brown algae inhibit salmonella enteritidis colonization in broiler chickens. | the effects of sodium alginate oligosaccharides (sao) on growth performance, cecal microbiota, salmonella translocation to internal organs, and mucosal immune responses to challenge with salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis in broiler chickens were investigated. we designed an experiment with a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement, in which 3 feed treatments with supplementation of sao at 0 (controls), 0.04, or 0.2% were provided in the diet for birds not challenged or challenged with salmonella ente ... | 2011 | 21673159 |
| horizontal transmission of salmonella enteritidis in groups of experimentally infected laying hens housed in different housing systems. | concerns regarding the welfare of laying hens have led to the ban of conventional battery cages in europe from 2012 onward and to the development of alternative housing systems that allow hens to perform a broader range of natural behaviors. limited information is available about the consequences of alternative housing systems on transmission of zoonotic pathogens such as salmonella enteritidis. however, salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis continues to be one of the leading causes of bacteri ... | 2011 | 21673153 |
| multi-locus sequence typing of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis strains in japan between 1973 and 2004. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) was responsible for a worldwide pandemic during the 1980s and 1990s; however, changes in the dominant lineage before and after this event remain unknown. this study determined s. enteritidis lineages before and after this pandemic event in japan using multilocus sequence typing (mlst). thirty s. enteritidis strains were collected in japan between 1973 and 2004, consisting of 27 human strains from individual episodes, a bovi ... | 2011 | 21672260 |
| iceberg lettuce as suggested source of a nationwide outbreak caused by two salmonella serotypes, newport and reading, in finland in 2008. | a nationwide outbreak of salmonella enterica serotypes newport and reading occurred between 17 october and 28 november 2008 in finland. a total of 77 culture-confirmed salmonella newport and 30 salmonella reading cases, including one case with a double infection, were reported. all strains isolated from the patients were subtyped using serotyping, microbial resistance profiling, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). here, the pfge patterns of the studied salmonella newport strains were id ... | 2011 | 21669088 |
| prevalence and characterization of salmonella serovars isolated from oysters served raw in restaurants. | to determine if salmonella-contaminated oysters are reaching consumer tables, a survey of raw oysters served in eight tucson restaurants was performed from october 2007 to september 2008. salmonella spp. were isolated during 7 of the 8 months surveyed and were present in 1.2% of 2,281 oysters tested. this observed prevalence is lower than that seen in a previous study in which u.s. market oysters were purchased from producers at bays where oysters are harvested. to test whether the process of re ... | 2011 | 21669086 |