Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| chronic toxicity of nonylphenol and ethinylestradiol: haematological and histopathological effects in juvenile common carp (cyprinus carpio). | in recent ecotoxicological research, there is an increasing concern about alkylphenolic industrial chemicals, such as nonylphenol (np), because of their estrogenic properties. data on the general fish toxicity of these wide spread aquatic pollutants are scarce. in order to evaluate sublethal toxic effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of np, juvenile common carp (cyprinus carpio) were exposed to np concentrations ranging from 1 to 15 microg np/l over a 70-day period. classical toxic ... | 2000 | 10998500 |
| enhancement of catalytic efficiency by the combination of site-specific mutations in a carbonic anhydrase-related protein. | a single mutation, involving the replacement of an arginine residue with histidine to reconstruct a zinc-binding site, suffices to change a catalytically inactive murine carbonic anhydrase-related protein (carp) to an active carbonic anhydrase with a co2-hydration turnover number of 1.2 x 104 s-1. further mutations, leading to a more 'carbonic anhydrase-like' active-site cavity, results in increased activity. a quintuple mutant having his94, gln92, val121, val143, and thr200 (human carbonic anhy ... | 2000 | 10998050 |
| cyclooxygenase-derived products, rather than nitric oxide, are endothelium-derived relaxing factor(s) in the ventral aorta of carp (cyprinus carpio). | in some fish blood vessels, the existence of a no (nitric oxide) system has been reported. we examined the possibility that this no system acts as an endothelium-derived relaxing factor (edrf) in carp aorta using the carp aorta alone and in a combined carp-rat aorta donor-detector system. use of the typical no stimulating agent in mammal acetylcholine (ach) only induced constriction of the carp aorta. this response was not modified by denudation or by no synthesis inhibition with n-nitro-l-argin ... | 2000 | 10996821 |
| genetic control of glucosephosphate isomerase (gpi) in common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). | in common carp, a freshwater fish species of tetraploid origin, gpi enzymes are present in two variants: gpi-a and gpi-b. gpi-a is coded by two loci segregating for two (gpi-a 1*) and six (gpi-a2*) alleles. experimental crosses of the ornamental (koi) variety of common carp revealed that gpi-b is coded by only one locus (gpi-b*). another gpi-b* locus must have been silenced in the process of functional diploidization. it was also shown that the gpi-a2* locus segregated independently from the gpi ... | 2010 | 10994708 |
| the influence of mucus on copper speciation in the gill microenvironment of carp (cyprinus carpio). | ph and mucus (as total organic carbon) in the gill microenvironment of carp, cyprinus carpio, exposed to various concentrations of total copper were measured in an exposure experiment using playle's apparatus. the activities of free copper ions in both inspired and expired waters were determined using a copper ion selective electrode. a trial-and-error procedure of coupling species distribution calculations (mineqa2) with single-site complexation modeling (mucus-copper) was proposed for computat ... | 2000 | 10993704 |
| addition of signal leader sequences to the n-termini of olfactory receptor proteins enhances their expression in xenopus oocytet. | several recent papers have reported the difficulties in expressing olfactory receptor proteins (ors) in heterologous systems, and proposed that some sequences in ors have negative effects on their efficient expression. to obtain an efficient expression system of ors, we modified n-terminal sequences of ors through the addition of exogenous sequences. three kinds of sequences, designated as 5ht, v, and vl, were used. 5ht and v corresponded to the signal leader (sl) sequences of 5ht 3r and vipr, r ... | 2000 | 10993157 |
| cloning, characterization and genomic structure of the natural killer cell enhancement factor (nkef)-like gene from homozygous clones of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | natural killer cell enhancement factor (nkef) belongs to the antioxidant protein family. in the human, nkef has the ability to enhance natural killer cell cytotoxic activity in vitro. in the present work, the cdnas of nkef from three strains of homozygous clones of rainbow trout were cloned from the splenic cdna library of one of the strains, osu142, and then by rt-pcr for the hot creek (hc) and arlee (ar) strains. the hc sequence has 99% sequence identity with both osu142 and ar. osu142 and ar ... | 2001 | 10980317 |
| basic properties of an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-gated channel in carp olfactory cilia. | in addition to the activation of camp-dependent pathways, odorant binding to its receptor can lead to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (insp3) production that may induce the opening of plasma membrane channels. we therefore investigated the presence and nature of such channels in carp olfactory cilia. functional analysis was performed by reconstitution of the olfactory cilia in planar lipid bilayers (tip-dip method). in the presence of insp3 (10 microm) and ca2+ (100 nm), a current of 1.6 +/- 0.1 pa ... | 2000 | 10971622 |
| multiple forms of alpha2-macroglobulin from a bony fish, the common carp (cyprinus carpio): striking sequence diversity in functional sites. | unlike mammals, bony fish possess multiple genes encoding the complement component c3, a member of the alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha2m) protein family, presumably expanding the diversity of immune recognition. to examine whether the alpha2m gene has also duplicated and diverged in the bony fish lineage, cdna cloning of alpha2m from a pseudotetraploid teleost, the common carp (cyprinus carpio), was conducted and resulted in the isolation of three distinct alpha2m sequences from a single individual, ... | 2000 | 10970099 |
| ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod) activity in fish as a biomarker of chemical exposure. | this review compiles and evaluates existing scientific information on the use, limitations, and procedural considerations for erod activity (a catalytic measurement of cytochrome p4501a induction) as a biomarker in fish. a multitude of chemicals induce erod activity in a variety of fish species, the most potent inducers being structural analogs of 2,3,7,8-tetracholordibenzo-p-dioxin. although certain chemicals may inhibit erod induction/activity, this interference is generally not a drawback to ... | 2000 | 10955715 |
| effects of bothriocephalus acheilognathi on the polarization response of pronephric leucocytes of carp, cyprinus carpio. | an in vitro assay was used to examine the effect of bothriocephalus acheilognathi yamaguti, 1934 (cestoda: pseudophyllidea) on the polarization response of pronephric leucocytes of carp, cyprinus carpio. leucocytes, isolated from naive, naturally-infected fish and carp injected intraperitoneally with cestode extracts, were exposed to parasite extracts (protein concentrations 0-10.0 microg ml-1), for up to 24 h in the presence or absence of carp serum. in general, polarization responses of the pr ... | 2000 | 10953226 |
| a specific binding moiety for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d(3) in basal lateral membranes of carp enterocytes. | carp (cyprinus carpio), a freshwater fish that lives in a low-calcium environment, and atlantic cod (gadus morhua), a seawater fish that lives in a high-calcium environment, were studied for the presence of a novel membrane binding protein ("receptor") for the vitamin d metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d(3) [1,25(oh)(2)d(3)]. basal lateral membranes from enterocytes of either species were prepared and analyzed for specific saturable binding. membranes from carp revealed a dissociation constant ... | 2000 | 10950830 |
| flow cytometric analysis of proliferative responses of carp cyprinus carpio peripheral blood leukocytes to mitogens and to the hemoflagellate trypanoplasma borreli. | the activation of carp peripheral blood leukocytes (pbl) was analysed radiometrically and by means of flow cytometry (fcm) in order to compare the results obtained with both methods. the qualitative and quantitative fcm analyses of cellular morphology and viability resulted in a further characterisation of proliferative responses of carp pbl to trypanoplasma borreli in vivo and in vitro. the lymphocyte population of pbl from t. borreli-infected carp exhibited a marked shift in forward scattered ... | 2000 | 10950182 |
| in vitro cultivation of trypanoplasma borreli (protozoa: kinetoplastida), a parasite from the blood of common carp cyprinus carpio. | an in vitro culture system was developed for trypanoplasma borreli, a pathogenic flagellate from the blood of european cyprinids. trypanoplasms multiplied rapidly in a mixture of hanks' balanced salt solution (hbss, 45%), l15 (22.5%), earle's minimum essential medium (mem, 22.5%) and 10% distilled water, which was supplemented with 5 to 10% heat-inactivated pooled carp serum. in medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum, multiplication of t. borreli seemed to be inhibited. cultures initiated w ... | 2000 | 10950181 |
| some molecular and enzymatic properties of a homogeneous preparation of thiaminase i purified from carp liver. | a homogeneous preparation of thiaminase i (thiamine:base 2-methyl-4-aminopyrimidine-5-methenyl transferase, ec 2.5.1.2) was obtained from carp liver, for the first time from a nonbacterial source. its molecular mass was 55 kda by gel filtration and by sds-page regardless the presence of the reducing agent, indicating that the native enzyme consists of a single polypeptide chain. the determined sequence of 20 residues at the n-terminal of carp thiaminase i seemed to be unique. the enzyme was test ... | 2000 | 10945431 |
| complete genomic organization and promoter analysis of the round-spotted pufferfish jak1, jak2, jak3, and tyk2 genes. | we have previously reported the isolation of the jak1 gene from the round-spotted pufferfish. in the present study, we cloned and characterized genomic sequences encoding pufferfish jak2, jak3, and tyk2, which are other members of jak family. to our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate the existence of four jak genes in fish. all pufferfish jak genes except jak1 are composed of 24 exons; jak1 has an additional exon. a comparison of the exon-intron organization of these genes reveal ... | 2000 | 10945233 |
| molecular cloning and expression analysis of the putative carp (cyprinus carpio) pre-b cell enhancing factor. | 2000 | 10938748 | |
| carp interleukin-1 beta in the role of an immuno-adjuvant. | 2000 | 10938746 | |
| molecular isolation and characterisation of carp transforming growth factor beta 1 from activated leucocytes. | the transforming growth factor (tgf beta) family of proteins are a set of pleiotropic secreted signalling molecules with unique and potent immunoregulatory properties. in this study the molecular cloning of carp tgf beta 1 is reported. a partial cdna of the tgf beta protein was initially identified from a cdna pool, obtained by subtracting the cdnas from con a-induced carp head kidney leucocytes from uninduced carp head kidney leucocyte cdna. the entire coding sequence was assembled by sequencin ... | 2000 | 10938741 |
| identification of carp proopiomelanocortin-related peptides and their effects on phagocytes. | we report the immunomodulating effects of proopiomelanocortin (pomc)-related peptides on phagocytic cells in carp. the complete amino acid sequences of two carp pomcs (i and ii) were deduced from the nucleotide sequences after cdna cloning. both pomcs consist of 194 amino acids (91% sequence identity) including identical alpha-melanotropin (msh) and beta-endorphin (ep). all hormonal peptides derived from two pomcs were identified by mass spectrometry after separation by high-performance liquid c ... | 2000 | 10938739 |
| molecular cloning and expression analysis of carp (cyprinus carpio) interleukin-1 beta, high affinity immunoglobulin e fc receptor gamma subunit and serum amyloid a. | suppression subtractive hybridisation (ssh) is a powerful means to identify genes of cytokines and other genes that express small amount of mrna. in this study, cdna of normal fish (carp) head kidney cells (hkc) was subtracted from pooled cdna of hkc and peritoneal cell (pc) obtained from fish which had been injected with sodium alginate (sa) and scleroglucan (sg) 3-48 h earlier. this subtraction produced 248 clones of cdna fragments. after sequencing some of the fragments of interest were used ... | 2000 | 10938736 |
| in vitro modulation of fish phagocytic cells by beta-endorphin. | the activation of rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, and carp, cyprinus carpio, phagocytic cells by synthetic chum salmon, o. keta, beta-endorphin was analysed in vitro. rainbow trout head kidney leukocytes were cultured in rpmi 1640 medium containing 1, 10, 50 or 100 ng ml-1 of chum salmon beta-endorphin and the production of superoxide anion was measured via the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (nbt) in vitro. macrophages incubated with 10 ng ml-1 up to 100 ng ml-1 of beta-endorphin showed ... | 2000 | 10938734 |
| the biomechanics and evolutionary significance of thermal acclimation in the common carp cyprinus carpio. | the effects of thermal acclimation were investigated in the common carp cyprinus carpio l. acclimation and acute temperature effects were tested during ontogeny from larval [9.5 mm total length (l)] to juvenile (69.0 mm l) stages and between 8 and 21 degrees c. the myosin heavy chain (mhc) composition, myofibrillar mg(2+)-ca(2+)-atpase activity, and muscle strains showed significant thermal acclimation effects. mhcs were only expressed in an acclimation temperature-dependent fashion in fish long ... | 2000 | 10938257 |
| the inferior oilvary complex. | although many studies have established the connections of the inferior olivary complex, there have been relatively few studies on the morphology of this nuclear complex. on the base of the similar topographic relations and connections with the cerebellum, the inferior olivary complex is regarded as homologous in all vertebrates. we present comprehensive light microscopical qualitative and quantitative analysis of the inferior olivary complex in different representatives of submammilian and mammi ... | 2000 | 10925479 |
| tricaproin, tricaprin and trilaurin are utilized more efficiently than tricaprylin by carp (cyprinus carpio l.) larvae. | we investigated the effect of chain length of dietary medium-chain fatty acids (mcfa) on growth performance and fatty acid composition of first-feeding carp larvae. in a first trial, five semi-purified isolipidic (23-24 g/100 g of dry matter) diets were formulated to contain either 10 g/100 g triolein (control diet) or 5 g/100 g triolein and 5 g/100 g medium-chain triacylglycerols (mct) supplied as tricaproin, tricaprylin, tricaprin or trilaurin. after 21 d, survival and growth rates were signif ... | 2000 | 10917917 |
| monoclonal antibodies to plasma high density lipoprotein (hdl) of eel (anguilla japonica). | six week-old female mice (balb/c) injected intraperitonealy with 50 micrograms of eel high density lipoprotein (hdl) emulsified with equal volume of adjuvant three times every two weeks. three weeks after the third injection, hyperimmunized mice were boosted by injection of 100 micrograms of hdl. after 5 days, the best responding mouse to injected hdl was sacrificed, and spleen cells were fused with mouse myeloma cells (sp2/o-ag14), and hybridomas were cultured in a selection medium. monoclonal ... | 2000 | 10904860 |
| carassius rfamide, a novel fmrfa-related peptide, is produced within the retina and involved in retinal information processing in cyprinid fish. | carassius rfamide (c-rfa) is a novel peptide, isolated originally from the brain of the japanese crucian carp and sharing homologies with mammalian prolactin-releasing peptide (prrp). it has been demonstrated previously that c-rfa mrna is abundant in the proximal half (fundus) of the japanese crucian carp eye. in the present work, we localized c-rfa by immunohistochemistry mainly to perikarya, in the proximal half of the inner nuclear layer (amacrine cell layer). this distribution is different f ... | 2000 | 10904133 |
| cardiac ankyrin repeat protein is a novel marker of cardiac hypertrophy: role of m-cat element within the promoter. | carp, a cardiac doxorubicin (adriamycin)-responsive protein, has been identified as a nuclear protein whose expression is downregulated in response to doxorubicin. in the present study, we tested the hypothesis that carp serves as a reliable genetic marker of cardiac hypertrophy in vivo and in vitro. carp expression was markedly increased in 3 distinct models of cardiac hypertrophy in rats: constriction of abdominal aorta, spontaneously hypertensive rats, and dahl salt-sensitive rats. in additio ... | 2000 | 10904011 |
| doxorubicin represses carp gene transcription through the generation of oxidative stress in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes: possible role of serine/threonine kinase-dependent pathways. | doxorubicin (dox), an anthracyclin antineoplastic agent, causes dilated cardiomyopathy. carp has been identified as a nuclear protein whose mrna levels are exquisitely sensitive to dox. in this study we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the repression of carp expression by dox in cultured neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. dox (1 micromol/l)-mediated decrease in carp mrna levels was strongly correlated with bnp but not with anp mrna levels. hydrogen peroxide scavenger catalase (1 mg/m ... | 2000 | 10900167 |
| common egg envelope antigens are limited to the animal class. | the antigens of the egg envelope (zona pellucida) in mammals are of special interest because of their possible involvement in immunoinfertility and as candidate targets for immunocontraception. conserved zona epitopes from divergent species may present a suitable source and an animal model for investigation of the above factors. we compared egg envelope antigens from 6 species of vertebrates belonging to 3 different classes in order to demonstrate the existence of shared antigens. egg envelopes ... | 2000 | 10898216 |
| effect of the pesticide deltamethrin on the mauthner cells of lake balaton fish. | deltamethrin, a synthetic pesticide [(s)alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-(1r)-cis-3-(2.2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dim ethylcyclopropane-carboxylate] used for extermination of mosquitoes on the shores of lake balaton, has been found to induce severe impairments of the nervous system of several lake balaton fish, such as carp (cyprinus carpio), goldfish (carassius auratus gibelis bloch), eel (anguilla anguilla) and wels (silurus glanis). it has been shown that deltamethrin, in a concentration of 1 microgram/l ... | 2000 | 10894124 |
| dna vaccines encoding viral glycoproteins induce nonspecific immunity and mx protein synthesis in fish. | protective immunity by vaccination with plasmid dna encoding a viral glycoprotein (g) has long been assumed to result from the induction of a specific immune response. we report here that the initial protection may be due to the induction of alpha/beta interferon, with long-term protection due to a specific response to the encoded viral g. dna vaccines encoding the gs of three serologically unrelated fish rhabdoviruses were used to vaccinate rainbow trout against a lethal challenge with infectio ... | 2000 | 10888644 |
| [fish nutrition. brief review for the practitioner regarding food and ornamental fish]. | in behalf of the practitioner a short survey is given about nutrition of fish and shrimps. interrelations between fish development and influences by their water ecosystem concerning temperature, mineral and gas levels, waterflow et cetera together with the supply of food are mentioned. further comments are given about common nutritional needs of different species in connection with growth, bodyweight et cetera and purpose of fishkeeping for instance for consumption, reproduction or ornamentally ... | 2000 | 10881324 |
| the distribution of the introduced tapeworm bothriocephalus acheilognathi in australian freshwater fishes. | native and exotic fishes were collected from 29 sites across coastal and inland new south wales, queensland and victoria, using a range of techniques, to infer the distribution of bothriocephalus acheilognathi (cestoda: pseudophyllidea) and the host species in which it occurs. the distribution of b. acheilognathi was determined by that of its principal host, carp, cyprinus carpio; it did not occur at sites where carp were not present. the parasite was recorded from all native fish species where ... | 2000 | 10881282 |
| identification of a nuclear export signal in mkk6, an activator of the carp p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases. | carp homologues of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) and its activator mapk kinase 6 (mapkk6, referred to as mkk6) were identified. there exist at least two distinct carp p38s, cp38a and cp38b, both of which consist of 361 amino acids. the transcript of c38a was exclusively expressed in the ovary, whereas that of cp38b was ubiquitously expressed. western blot analysis with anti-(phosphorylated mapk) ig specific to the active p38 or jnk has shown that p38 was activated in response to hy ... | 2000 | 10880959 |
| differential scanning calorimetry of light meromyosin fragments having various lengths of carp fast skeletal muscle isoforms. | various recombinant light meromyosin (lmm) fragments were prepared from cdnas encoding the 10 degrees c and 30 degrees c types of myosin heavy chain isoforms predominantly expressed in fast skeletal muscles of the 10 degrees c- and 30 degrees c-acclimated carp, respectively. these included three kinds of quarter fragments, 1/4-, 2/4-, and 4/4-quarter, composed of residues 1-130, 131-270, and 401-563 from the n-terminus, respectively, as well as three halves, n-, m-, and c-half fragments, contain ... | 2000 | 10876153 |
| 1h spin-spin relaxation in normal and cataractous human, normal fish and bird eye lenses. | a systematic study on nuclear spin-spin relaxation of water protons in human, fish and bird eye lenses/lens nuclei is reported. the purpose of this study is to clarify the real nature of the relaxation processes not describable as a single exponential decay. the characterization of the spin-spin relaxation by a single exponential is commonly used both in literature and in mri diagnostics. however, in our opinion, this single exponential decay hypothesis is an oversimplification that can lead to ... | 2000 | 10866001 |
| [the manifestation of valiporiasis in cultivated fishes]. | lethal cases of valiporiasis in the silver carps of the age 3 and 4 years are described. the resistance of hybrids between different forms of cyprinus carpio to the infection with valipora campylancristrota is discussed. | 2007 | 10862401 |
| topographic organization of efferent neurons with different neurochemical characters in the cerebral ganglia of the snail helix pomatia. | this study provides a description of the organization of neurons efferent to different head areas in the cerebral ganglia of helix pomatia, revealed by simultaneous ni-lysine and co-lysine back-filling of different pairs of cerebral nerves. the backfills show that labeled cerebral neurons that innervate the head areas are concentrated in seven representation foci distributed in different parts of the cerebral ganglia. almost each head area is represented in each focus. at a gross level, the repr ... | 2000 | 10862109 |
| near-ultraviolet magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy of protein conformational states: correlation of tryptophan band position and intensity with hemoglobin allostery. | the near-uv magnetic circular dichroism spectroscopy of the aromatic amino acid bands of hemoglobin was investigated as a potential probe of structural changes at the alpha(1)beta(2) interface during the allosteric transition. allosteric effectors were used to direct carp and chemically modified human hemoglobins into the r (relaxed) or t (tense) state in order to determine the heme-ligation-independent spectral characteristics of the quaternary states. the tryptophan magnetic circular dichroism ... | 2000 | 10852712 |
| cytopathological observations on renal tubule epithelium cells in common carp cyprinus carpio under trypanoplasma borreli (protozoa: kinetoplastida) infection. | cytological alterations in renal tubule epithelium cells of carp cyprinus carpio infected with the blood flagellate trypanoplasma borreli laveran & mesnil, 1901 were investigated during the course of a laboratory infection of a highly susceptible carp line. with the development of the parasitaemia, a hyperplasia of the interstitial renal tissue was induced, which resulted in a tubulus necrosis. cytological changes were already seen in tubulus epithelium cells on day 7 post injection (pi) of the ... | 2000 | 10843558 |
| chromosomal location and nucleotide sequences of 5s ribosomal dna of two cyprinid species (osteichthyes, pisces). | 5s ribosomal dnas (rdnas) from two cyprinid species, acheilognathus tabira subsp. 1 and cyprinus carpio, were isolated and sequenced. tandemly arranged rdnas were 179 bp in a. tabira and 204 bp in c. carpio. the non-transcribed spacer region elucidates the size difference of 5s rdna between the two species. fluorescence in-situ hybridization (fish) localized 5s rdnas to the short arms of two pairs of chromosomes in a. tabira and two to four pairs in c. carpio. subsequent analysis demonstrated no ... | 2000 | 10841046 |
| structural characterization and transcriptional pattern of two types of carp rhodopsin gene. | this work characterizes the genomic structures of two types of carp (cyprinus carpio) rhodopsin (crh) gene, i.e. type i (crh-i) and type ii (crh-ii). two types of crh gene share only 45.6% polynucleotide identity in the upstream region from nucleotide -3436 to +97. however, three conserved regions are found. homologies to the consensus recognition sites for transcription factors, crx and nrl, which are involved in photoreceptor-specific expression, are also observed in crh genes. with specific p ... | 2000 | 10840639 |
| genotoxic potential of marine sediments from the north sea. | the alkaline comet assay is a method for detecting dna strand breaks and alkali labile sites in individual cells. an in vitro system was used to investigate the genotoxic potential of complex mixtures such as organic extracts of marine sediments. dna damage was induced in leukocytes isolated from carp (cyprius carpio) by exposure to organic sediment extracts from the north sea or hydrogen peroxide as positive control, respectively. the minimum concentration for significant effects ranged from 1 ... | 2000 | 10838203 |
| properties of cytotoxic peptide-formed ion channels. | cytotoxic peptides are relatively small cationic molecules such as those found 1) in venoms, e.g., melittin in bee, scorpion toxins in scorpion, pilosulin 1 in jumper ant, and lycotoxin i and ii in wolf spider; 2) in skin secretions (e.g., magainin i and ii from xenopus laevis, dermaseptin from frog, antimicrobials from carp) and cells of the immune system (e.g., insect, scorpion, and mammalian defensins and cryptdins); 3) as autocytotoxicity peptides, e.g., amylin cytotoxic to pancreatic beta-c ... | 2000 | 10837335 |
| purification of a novel serine proteinase inhibitor from the skeletal muscle of white croaker (argyrosomus argentatus). | a novel serine proteinase inhibitor has been purified to homogeneity from the skeletal muscle of white croaker (argyrosomus argentatus). the purification was carried out by ammonium sulfate fractionation, deae-sephacel, heating treatment followed by column chromatographies on sp-sepharose, sephadex g-150 and gel-filtration high performance liquid chromatography. the molecular mass of the inhibitor was 55 kda as estimated by sds-page and gel filtration. it specifically inhibited a myofibril-bound ... | 2000 | 10833440 |
| specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity against a virus-infected syngeneic cell line in isogeneic ginbuna crucian carp. | in the present study, we attempted to determine whether virus-specific cell-mediated cytotoxicity occurs in fish. experiments were conducted with clonal ginbuna crucian carp (carassius auratus langsdorfii) (s3n strain), and the syngeneic cell line (cfs). two infectious viruses were used: infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (ipnv) and eel virus from america (eva). peripheral blood leukocytes, which consisted almost entirely (95%) of lymphocytes and thrombocytes, from s3n ginbuna immunized with v ... | 2000 | 10831797 |
| cloning and expression analysis of an inducible hsp70 gene from tilapia fish. | we isolated and characterized the tilapia (oreochromis mossambicus) hsp70 gene, highly homologous to other hsp70 genes. a dramatic increase of tilapia hsp70 mrna levels was observed after heat shock of whole animals in all organs tested. reporter constructs were tested for transient expression in carp cells and in microinjected zebrafish embryos. the entire isolated regulatory region (-851/+157) was able to mediate heat shock inducible expression of the reporter gene, with no preference for a pa ... | 2000 | 10828441 |
| structural aspects of the calcification process of lower vertebrate collagen. | in order to investigate the structural relationship between inorganic phase and collagen fibrils in the calcified tissues of lower vertebrates we have carried out a wide and small angle x-ray diffraction investigation on carp scales and bone samples. the small angle patterns from decalcified bone and scales, as well as uncalcified tendon samples from carp are very similar to that of type i collagen from higher vertebrates. the d-axial period, 67 nm, is the same as that of higher vertebrate type ... | 2000 | 10826707 |
| sequence, genomic structure and tissue expression of carp (cyprinus carpio l.) vertebrate ancient (va) opsin. | we report the isolation and characterisation of a novel opsin cdna from the retina and pineal of the common carp (cyprinus carpio l.). when a comparison of the amino acid sequences of salmon vertebrate ancient opsin (sva) and the novel carp opsin are made, and the carboxyl terminus is omitted, the level of identity between these two opsins is 81% and represents the second example of the va opsin family. we have therefore termed this c. carpio opsin as carp va opsin (cva opsin). we show that memb ... | 2000 | 10818232 |
| extinction risk of a density-dependent population estimated from a time series of population size. | environmental threats, such as habitat size reduction or environmental pollution, may not cause immediate extinction of a population but shorten the expected time to extinction. we develop a method to estimate the mean time to extinction for a density-dependent population with environmental fluctuation. we first derive a formula for a stochastic differential equation model (canonical model) of a population with logistic growth with environmental and demographic stochasticities. we then study an ... | 2000 | 10816359 |
| comparing risk factors for population extinction. | extinction risk of natural populations of animals and plants is enhanced by many different processes, including habitat size reduction and toxic chemical exposure. we develop a method to evaluate different risk factors in terms of the decrease in the mean extinction time. we choose a population model with logistic growth, environmental and demographic stochasticities with three parameters (intrinsic growth rate r, carrying capacity k, and environmental noise sigma(2)(e)). the reduction in the ha ... | 2000 | 10816358 |
| seasonal adaptation modulates the expression of the protein kinase ck2 beta subunit gene in the carp. | carp fish seasonal acclimatization induces a cyclical transcriptional modulation of several genes. its most dramatic expression results in a concomitant structural rearrangement of the nucleolar components that phenotypically represents profound shifts in the level of ribosomal rna synthesis. in connection with the recent studies that implicate ck2 in the control of rrna synthesis in vertebrates, we characterized the cdna of carp protein kinase ck2beta subunit and assessed its transcriptional be ... | 2000 | 10814532 |
| gfp as a genetic marker scorable throughout the life cycle of transgenic zebra fish. | a fish expression vector, frm, was constructed by fusing the carp beta-actin promoter and first intron to the ocean pout antifreeze protein terminator and putative boundary element. mutant forms of the green fluorescent protein (gfp) were engineered into this vector, and the resultant series of vectors, frmwg, frm3wg (green gfp), and frm2bl (blue gfp), were used to make transgenic zebra fish. after microinjection of either supercoiled or linearized dna into one-celled eggs, gfp-expressing cells ... | 2000 | 10811950 |
| molecular and functional characterization of a fish inducible-type nitric oxide synthase. | using an oligonucleotide primer based on a partial goldfish inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos) sequence, a complete carp inos cdna was isolated from an activated carp phagocyte cdna library. nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence analysis indicate that carp inos encodes a 1,127-amino acid protein with 57% sequence identity to human inos. like mammalian noss, carp inos protein contains putative binding sites for heme, tetrahydrobiopterin, calmodulin, flavine mononucleotide, flavine aden ... | 2000 | 10803847 |
| molecular cloning of a carp jak3 from activated leukocytes. | janus kinases (jaks) are involved in a signalling pathway leading to tyrosine phosphorylation, which is the key step in transducing cytokine signals from the external environment to the nucleus. we report here the molecular cloning of carp jak3. a partial cdna of the jak homologue was initially identified from a cdna pool obtained by subtracting the cdnas from con a-induced carp head kidney leukocytes with those from uninduced carp head kidney leukocytes. the entire coding sequence was assembled ... | 2000 | 10802290 |
| hepatic glucokinase is induced by dietary carbohydrates in rainbow trout, gilthead seabream, and common carp. | glucokinase (gk) plays a central role in glucose homeostasis in mammals. the absence of an inducible gk has been suggested to explain the poor utilization of dietary carbohydrates in rainbow trout. in this context, we analyzed gk expression in three fish species (rainbow trout, gilthead seabream, and common carp) known to differ in regard to their dietary carbohydrate tolerance. fish were fed for 10 wk with either a diet containing a high level of digestible starch (>20%) or a diet totally depri ... | 2000 | 10801283 |
| polymerization of a vitelline envelope (ve)-like structure produced by using fractionated ve extracts from carp eggs. | fractionation of vitelline envelope (ve) extracts from carp eggs made possible the efficient polymerization of a ve-like structure. the structure corresponded to the fourth layer of the ve or fertilization envelope (fe), and its organization was achieved by reassembly in vitro after solubilization of the sheets composed of filamentous substances or network-like aggregates which were induced by a cortical alveolus sialoglycoprotein or thrombin. the sialoglycoprotein was a serine proteinase and im ... | 2000 | 10797328 |
| organochlorine residues in european eel (anguilla anguilla), crucian carp (carassius carassius) and catfish (ictalurus nebulosus) from vaccarès lagoon (french national nature reserve of camargue) - effects on some physiological parameters. | european eels (anguilla anguilla), crucian carps (carassius carassius) and catfish (ictalurus nebulosus) were collected in three coastal locations of the vaccarès lagoon (french national nature reserve of camargue). the purpose of this paper is to report results of the first biomonitoring investigation in fish living in this protected coastal wetland. residues of organochlorine (oc) contaminants (i.e. sigmapcbs, gammahch, hcb, dieldrin, pp'-dde) were determined in hepatic and muscular tissues, i ... | 2000 | 10794830 |
| recombinant extracellular domain of rabbit growth hormone receptor and biological activity of somatogenic hormones. | the cdna of the extracellular domain of rabbit growth hormone receptor (rbghr-ecd) was cloned in the prokaryotic expression vector pmon, to enable its expression in escherichia coli after induction with nalidixic acid. the bacterially expressed rbprlr-ecd protein, contained within the refractile-body pellet, was solubilized in 4.5 m urea, refolded, and purified on a q-sepharose column, ph 8, by stepwise elution with nacl. the bioactive monomeric 28-kda fraction was eluted in 0.15 m nacl, yieldin ... | 2000 | 10794181 |
| vitellogenin induction and other biochemical responses in carp, cyprinus carpio, after experimental injection with 17 alpha-ethynylestradiol. | prespawning, adult male and female carp, cyprinus carpio, were intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of 500 microg/kg of 17alpha-ethynylestradiol (ee2). blood samples were taken and vitellogenin levels were recorded previous to the injection and 8 days afterward. western blot analysis of plasma vtg showed a marked response in both males (90-fold) and females (67-fold) after ee2 injection. also, a significant inhibition of the cytochrome p450 monooxygenase system, namely, 7-ethoxyresorufi ... | 2000 | 10787101 |
| biochemical characterization of different types of adherence of vibrio species to fish epithelial cells. | vibrio species are gram-negative bacteria that cause a systemic infection in fish called vibriosis. the authors previously demonstrated that internalization and cytotoxicity are important virulence mechanisms in vibrio-fish epithelial cell interactions. adherence is a prerequisite for successful internalization. in this study, the adherence capability of two invasive strains [v. anguillarum 811218-5w and g/virus/5(3)] was compared with that of two non-invasive strains [v. damselae atcc 33539 and ... | 2000 | 10784057 |
| spectral imaging of red blood cells in experimental anemia of cyprinus carpio. | in the present work we have studied the effect of experimental anemia induced at both low and optimal temperatures on erythropoiesis in cyprinus carpio. the results showed that hemoglobin concentration per cell was similar in both temperature conditions, however, red blood cell (rbc) concentration was higher at the optimal temperature. induced anemia caused an abrupt decrease in rbc concentration, while the hemoglobin concentration per cell remained unchanged. recovery, as shown by electron micr ... | 2000 | 10779733 |
| [modeling of different types of size-effect in accumulation of 137cs in fish from the cooling pond of the chernobyl power plant]. | all known types of size-effect in accumulation of radiocesium in fish are described on the basis of the dynamic model of distribution and migration of the radionuclide in aquatic ecosystem. the time-dependent activity of 137cs in different age classes of carp and pike-perch from the chernobyl nuclear power plant cooling pond is calculated. it is shown that during the first year after the accident the activity of 137cs in the young generations of fish was higher (negative size-effect) owing to hi ... | 2016 | 10778446 |
| cyclic amp-receptor responses to hypergravity. | altered gravity (g) encountered during spaceflight causes physiologic changes in humans and in experimental animals. in addition to weightlessness (0g) in space, sharply increased g forces are exerted on the spacecraft during the lift-off and reentry phases. previous studies showed major changes in camp-associated activity of rat heart muscle after spaceflight, indicating that (hormone) signaling pathways may have been affected. | 1998 | 10776450 |
| analysis of genetic heterogeneity among five gynogenetic clones of silver crucian carp, carassius auratus gibelio bloch, based on detection of rapd molecular markers. | the gynogenetic silver crucian carp, carassius auratus gibelio, is a unique model system for studying evolutionary genetics and selective breeding, owing to its specific genetic background and reproductive modes. five gynogenetic clones were analyzed by the random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) technique, using 30 10-nucleotide-long primers. twenty-six primers produced well-amplified dna fragments with reproducible banding patterns, and 24 primers were polymorphic. nearly identical banding pat ... | 2000 | 10773687 |
| up-regulation of natriuretic peptides in the ventricle of csx/nkx2-5 transgenic mice. | a cardiac homeobox-containing gene csx/nkx2-5, which is essential for cardiac development, is abundantly expressed in the adult heart as well as in the heart primordia. targeted disruption of this gene results in embryonic lethality due to abnormal heart morphogenesis. to elucidate the role of csx/nkx2-5 in the adult heart, we generated transgenic mice which overexpress human csx/nkx2-5. the transgene was expressed abundantly in the heart and the skeletal muscle. mrna levels of several cardiac g ... | 2000 | 10772952 |
| physical constraints on body size in teleost embryos. | all members of the subphylum "vertebrata" display the characteristics of the vertebrate body plan. these characteristics become apparent during the phylotypic period, in which all vertebrate embryos have a similar body shape and internal organization. phylogenetic constraints probably limit the morphological variation during the phylotypic period. physical laws, however, also limit growth and morphogenesis in embryos. we investigated to what extent oxygen availability-as a physical constraint-mi ... | 2000 | 10772852 |
| effect of melatonin agonists and antagonists on horizontal cell spinule formation and dopamine release in a fish retina. | the crucian carp retina was used to study the effects of the melatonin antagonist p697 (n-pentanoyl 2-benzyltryptamine) and the melatonin agonists [+]- and [-]-ammtc (n-acetyl-4-aminomethyl-6-methoxy-9-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazol e) on horizontal cell spinule formation, an indicator of the state of retinal adaptation. dh97 was capable of both counteracting dark-adaptive spinule degradation and inducing light-adaptive spinule formation at the beginning of the dark phase. addition of dopamin ... | 2000 | 10772244 |
| a study of sequential histopathology of trypanoplasma borreli (protozoa: kinetoplastida) in susceptible common carp cyprinus carpio. | the tissue response of common carp cyprinus carpio to the kinetoplastid blood parasite trypanoplasma borreli laveran & mesnil, 1901 was investigated during a laboratory infection of a highly susceptible carp line. with the development of the parasitaemia an increased proliferation of the lymphoid renal interstitial tissue was induced, which resulted in a progressive depression and deterioration of renal tubules. in heavily infected carp at days 20 to 28 post inoculation (pi), a tubulonephrosis, ... | 2000 | 10768290 |
| viremia-associated ana-aki-byo, a new viral disease in color carp cyprinus carpio in japan. | a new virus disease that displays dermal ulceration and high mortality has been occurring since 1996 in color carp cyprinus carpio reared in warm water in japan. in histological examinations, initial erosive lesions displayed necrosis, hemorrhage and fibrin deposition in the dermal loose connective tissue and were accompanied by the partial destruction of the epidermis. developed ulcerative lesions involved the lateral musculature with bacterial invasions. in visceral organs, necrotic cells were ... | 2000 | 10768286 |
| homologous radioimmunoassay and radioreceptorassay of gonadotropic hormone for an indian carp catla catla. | a homologous radioimmunoassay (ria) for indian carp (c. catla) gonadotropin (gth) was developed by using purified catla gth and its specific antiserum. in ouchterlony agar diffusion, antisera raised against purified catla gth (cgth), showed clear crossreaction. catla-anti gth (anti-cgth) did not cross-reacted with catla tsh enriched fraction. immunocrossreaction was further confirmed with competitive binding inhibition studies where displacement of radiolabelled cgth was precisely linear against ... | 1989 | 10766567 |
| purification, biochemical, and immunological characterisation of a major food allergen: different immunoglobulin e recognition of the apo- and calcium-bound forms of carp parvalbumin. | almost 4% of the population suffer from food allergy which is an adverse reaction to food with an underlying immunological mechanism. | 2000 | 10764710 |
| gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulates thyroid activity in a freshwater murrel, channa gachua (ham.), and carps, catla catla (ham.) and cirrhinus mrigala (ham.). | injections of mammalian gnrh (mgnrh), salmon gnrh (sgnrh), and a homologous murrel, channa punctatus, gnrh (cgnrh) to a murrel, channa gachua, and a carp, catla catla, at a dose of 1 microg/250 g body wt significantly increased plasma thyroxine (t4) levels above control. piscine gnrhs (sgnrh and cgnrh) had significantly greater stimulatory effects compared with mgnrh. to observe whether this stimulatory effect by gnrhs is direct or indirect, thyroid follicles were isolated from hypobranchial mus ... | 2000 | 10764556 |
| gaba enhances short wavelength-sensitive cone input and reduces red cone input to carp l-type horizontal cells. | light responses of cone-driven horizontal cells were recorded intracellularly in the isolated superfused carp retina and the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) on signals from red-sensitive (r-) and short-wavelength-sensitive (s-) cones (green cones and/or blue cones) were studied. in the presence of a bright red (694 nm) background light, which substantially suppressed signal from r-cones, the responses of l-type horizontal cells (l-hcs) to 532-nm flashes, predominantly driven by the s-c ... | 2000 | 10758339 |
| response from carp | 2000 | 10754573 | |
| a novel truncated isoform of the mannose-binding lectin-associated serine protease (masp) from the common carp (cyprinus carpio). | the mannose-binding lectin (mbl) and mbl-associated serine proteases (masps) play crucial roles in activation of the lectin pathway of the complement system. mammals and xenopus possess two distinct masps, masp1 and masp2, with different substrate specificity. recently, a truncated form named map19 or smap, composed of n-terminal c1r/c1s/uegf/bone morphogenetic protein (cub)-1 and epidermal growth factor domains of masp2, has been shown to be generated by alternative polyadenylation and splicing ... | 2000 | 10752628 |
| surface ultrastructure of metagonimus takahashii metacercariae and adults. | a scanning electron microscopic study was performed on the surface ultrastructure of metacercariae and adults of metagonimus takahashii. metacercariae were collected from the scale of crucian carp (carassius auratus), and adult flukes were harvested 1-4 weeks after infection to rats. in excysted metacercariae, the oral sucker had type i (numerous) and type ii (seven in total) sensory papillae. tegumental spines were dense and digitated into 5-7 points on the surface anterior to the ventral sucke ... | 2000 | 10743353 |
| molecular cloning and protein analysis of divergent forms of the complement component c3 from a bony fish, the common carp (cyprinus carpio): presence of variants lacking the catalytic histidine. | unlike mammals, some bony fish species have been reported to possess multiple forms of the complement component c3. to explore the structural and functional diversity of bony fish c3, we have isolated eight distinct cdna clones encoding c3 from a single carp (cyprinus carpio). the eight sequences were grouped into five c3 types, designated c3-h1, c3-h2, c3-s, c3-q1 and c3-q2, each sharing 80-86 % amino acid sequence identity with the others. a striking amino acid substitution was noted at the po ... | 2000 | 10741402 |
| pathological and biochemical characterization of microcystin-induced hepatopancreas and kidney damage in carp (cyprinus carpio). | mass occurrences of cyanobacteria, due to their inherent capacity for toxin production, specifically of microcystins (mc), have been associated with fish kills worldwide. the uptake of mc-lr and the sequence of pathological and associated biochemical changes was investigated in carp (cyprinus carpio) in vivo over 72 h. carp were gavaged with a single sublethal bolus dose of toxic microcystis aeruginosa (pcc 7806) amounting to an equivalent of 400 microg mc-lr/kg body wt. damage of renal proximal ... | 2000 | 10739746 |
| x-ray crystal structure and molecular dynamics simulations of silver hake parvalbumin (isoform b). | parvalbumins constitute a class of calcium-binding proteins characterized by the presence of several helix-loop-helix (ef-hand) motifs. in a previous study (revett sp, king g, shabanowitz j, hunt df, hartman kl, laue tm, nelson dj, 1997, protein sci 7:2397-2408), we presented the sequence of the major parvalbumin isoform from the silver hake (merluccius bilinearis) and presented spectroscopic and structural information on the excised "ef-hand" portion of the protein. in this study, the x-ray cry ... | 2000 | 10739249 |
| chilling sensitivity of carp (cyprinus carpio) embryos at different developmental stages in the presence or absence of cryoprotectants: work in progress. | the unsolved problem of cryopreservation of the yolk-rich teleost embryos may be related, in part, to their sensitivity to chilling and cryoprotective agents. the aim of this study was to gain data on the sensitivity of carp embryos to low temperatures at different developmental stages and on the possible protective and toxic effects of cryoprotectants. a total of 86,400 morulae, half-epiboly and heartbeat-stage embryos was selected and then placed in water or in 1 m methanol, dimethyl sulfoxide ... | 1998 | 10734469 |
| a hyperosmotic stress-induced mrna of carp cell encodes na(+)- and cl(-)-dependent high affinity taurine transporter. | a cdna clone encoding a na(+)- and cl(-)-dependent high affinity taurine transporter was isolated from a common carp cell line, epithelioma papulosum cyprini (epc), as a hyperosmotic stress-inducible gene by rna arbitrarily primed pcr. the clone contained a 2.5-kb cdna fragment including an open reading frame of 1878 bp encoding a protein of 625 amino acids. the deduced amino acid sequence of carp taurine transporter shows 78-80% identity to those of cloned mammalian taurine transporters. the fu ... | 2000 | 10727609 |
| congenital myotonic dystrophy: report of paternal transmission. | a female neonate born to a healthy mother was hospitalized because of enlargement of the lateral ventricles, muscle weakness, irregular respiration, and poor sucking. characteristic facial appearance such as high forehead and carp mouth were noted. the father had mild manifestations of adult type myotonic dystrophy, including muscle weakness of the extremities, percussion myotonia and atrophy of the facial muscles. pcr analysis and southern blot analysis revealed that ctg repeats in the myotonic ... | 2000 | 10722967 |
| caffeine-sensitive ca2+ stores in carp retinal bipolar cells. | high k+- or caffeine-induced ca2+ signal was studied in freshly dissociated carp retinal on-type bipolar cells using a confocal laser-scanning microscope. in response to 35 mm k+ exposure, a rise in [ca2+]i appeared in both the terminal and soma, but was absent after removal of external ca2+ or in the presence of 100 microm nifedipine. it is indicated that, for high k+-induced increase of [ca2+]i, ca2+ influx through voltage-gated l-type ca2+ channels is essential and ca2+ entry through reversed ... | 1999 | 10716230 |
| design and solution structure of a well-folded stack of two beta-hairpins based on the amino-terminal fragment of human granulin a. | four amino acid substitutions were introduced into a peptide corresponding to the amino-terminal subdomain (30-31 residues) of human granulin a (hga) in order to assess the contributions of a hydrophobic framework and other interactions to structure stabilization of the stack of two beta-hairpins. the resulting hybrid peptide, hga 1-31 (d1v, k3h, s9i, q20p) with four free cysteines, spontaneously formed a uniquely disulfide-bonded isomer with an expected [1-3, 2-4] disulfide pairing pattern. thi ... | 2000 | 10715107 |
| chronic toxic effects of quinalphos on some biochemical parameters in labeo rohita (ham.). | the effect of exposure to sublethal concentrations of the organophosphate pesticide, quinalphos (1.12, 0.22 mg/l) on biochemical parameters of muscle and enzyme activities in brain, liver and kidney of the indian major carp, labeo rohita was studied after 15, 30 and 45 days. the muscle protein and rna levels decreased whereas dna levels and acid phosphatase were elevated. similarly, alkaline phosphatase was depleted. the brain acetyl cholinesterase activity was decreased most (-75.43%) in 1.12 m ... | 2000 | 10713464 |
| determination of heterogeneous transcription start points of two c-myc genes from the common carp (cyprinus carpio). | we determined the heterogeneous transcription start points (tsp) of two c-myc genes from the common carp (cyprinus carpio), tetraploid teleost, by the oligo-capping method and showed the existence of the first exon. this is the first report on the existence of the first exons of the fish c-myc gene. transcription of the two carp c-myc genes started from at least four sites in cam1, locating from -752 to -381bp upstream of the translation start site, and from 12 sites in cam2, locating from -586 ... | 2000 | 10713443 |
| light-adaptive effects of retinoic acid on receptive field properties of retinal horizontal cells. | besides its role in ocular development, retinoic acid (ra), which is a light-correlated byproduct of the phototransduction cycle, was recently shown to affect light-driven synaptic plasticity in the outer plexiform layer of the adult fish retina. tuning by ambient light conditions of the retinal network properties is very prominent in outer plexiform layer circuits, and we therefore examined whether ra could affect cone horizontal cell physiology similar to ambient light. performing intracellula ... | 2000 | 10712624 |
| [comparative study of the crystallin supramolecular structure in the carp, frog, and rat lenses by small-angle roentgen ray scattering]. | the supramolecular structure of crystallins in intact ocular lenses of carp, frog and rat as well as in the interior (nuclear) and outer (cortical) parts of these lenses was studied by the small-angle x-ray scattering method. the results show that the supramolecular structure of crystallins substantially varies both in lenses of different vertebrate species and in various parts of the same lens. in carp lens and in the cortical part of rat lens, crystallins have an ordered supramolecular structu ... | 1999 | 10707284 |
| two metallothioneins in the fresh-water fish, crucian carp (carassius cuvieri): cdna cloning and assignment of their expression isoforms. | two metallothionein cdnas (mt-a and mt-b) in the fresh-water fish crucian carp (carassius cuvieri temminck et schlegel) were cloned. sequence analysis of both cdnas gave the structure of a coding region corresponding to 60 amino acid residues. the homology of their deduced amino acid sequences was completely conserved at the positions of the cysteine residue, but a significant difference existed in the size of their 3'-untranslated regions (130 base pairs for mt-a and 280 base pairs for mt-b). d ... | 2000 | 10706375 |
| enhancing effect of 5 alpha-cyprinol sulfate on mucosal membrane permeability to sodium ampicillin in rats. | effect of 5 alpha-cyprinol sulfate, a bile alcohol sulfate specific to carp bile, on rectal membrane permeability to sodium ampicillin (amp na) was examined in rats. amp na is not easily absorbed through rat rectal membrane without aid. 5 alpha-cyprinol sulfate significantly enhanced the rectal membrane permeability to amp na even at a low concentration (6.25 mm), though sodium taurocholate needed a higher concentration (25 mm). co-administration of phosphatidylcholine significantly suppressed t ... | 2000 | 10704893 |
| structure-fluorescence correlations in a single tryptophan mutant of carp parvalbumin: solution structure, backbone and side-chain dynamics. | heterogeneous fluorescence intensity decays of tryptophan in proteins are often rationalized using a model which proposes that different rotameric states of the indole alanyl side-chain are responsible for the observed fluorescence lifetime heterogeneity. we present here the study of a mutant of carp parvalbumin bearing a single tryptophan residue at position 102 (f102w) whose fluorescence intensity decay is heterogeneous and assess the applicability of a rotamer model to describe the fluorescen ... | 2000 | 10704313 |
| stimulus pattern related plasticity of synapses between cones and horizontal cells in carp retina. | stimulus pattern related synaptic plasticity in the luminosity-type horizontal cell (lhc) of isolated carp retina was investigated. the major findings were: (1) repetitive red flashes progressively strengthened the synaptic connection between red-cone and lhc, whereas weakened that between green-cone and lhc; (2) repetitive green flashes remarkably depressed the lhc's red response, but caused little changes in the cell's green response. a competitive depression between different cone signals is ... | 2000 | 10700586 |
| brain blood flow during hypercapnia in fish: no role of nitric oxide. | very little is known about the regulation of cerebral blood flow (cbf) in lower vertebrates, especially fish. in mammals, hypercapnia causes cerebral vasodilation and increased cbf through mechanisms that involve the production of nitric oxide (no). we have used epi-illumination microscopy in vivo to observe effects of hypercapnia on venular erythrocyte velocity, used as an index of cbf velocity, in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and crucian carp (carassius carassius). rainbow trout exposed ... | 2000 | 10700569 |
| molecular cloning, tissue distribution and sequence analysis of complete glucokinase cdnas from gilthead seabream (sparus aurata), rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and common carp (cyprinus carpio). | the enzyme glucokinase (gk) (ec 2.7.1.1) plays an important role in the control of glucose homeostasis. qualitative and/or quantitative variations in gk enzyme have been postulated by previous studies to explain why dietary carbohydrate utilisation is lower in gilthead seabream (sparus aurata) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) than in common carp (cyprinus carpio). in this study, we report the isolation and characterisation of a full-length cdna coding for gk in these teleosts. amino acid ... | 2000 | 10699491 |
| uptake of 137cs by fresh water fish. | the uptake and discharge rates of 137cs by fresh water fish at different radionuclide concentrations have been studied. a dual compartment model was used to fit the experimental data. the discharge rates have been found to be negligible for the duration of the experiment of 10 d. the uptake rates were independent of radionuclide concentrations for a particular type of fresh water fish and were different for different types of fish. the uptake rates of carp, tilapia and snakehead were 1.58, 1.66 ... | 2000 | 10697734 |
| structure-function relationships of the two surface loops of myosin heavy chain isoforms from thermally acclimated carp. | the structure-function relationships of fast skeletal myosin isoforms remain poorly understood. to shed some light, we constructed chimeric myosins comprised of dictyostelium myosin heavy chain backbone with carp loop sequences and analyzed their functional properties. a loop 2-10 chimeric myosin having the loop 2 sequence of the fast skeletal isoform predominantly expressed in carp acclimated to 10 degrees c showed v(max) in actin-activated mg(2+)-atpase activity 1.4-fold higher than a loop 2-3 ... | 2000 | 10694506 |
| assignment of overlapping (1)h nmr signals in carp seminal plasma by proton-detected 2d c,h correlation spectroscopy. | the (1)h nmr spectrum of the perchloric acid extract of carp seminal plasma was heavily congested. it is demonstrated that proton-detected c,h chemical shift correlation spectroscopy (hsqc, hsqc-tocsy) allows an unequivocal identification of proline, glutamate, taurine, and methionine sulfoxide, although several key proton signals were strongly overlapped. | 2000 | 10694480 |
| membrane hyperpolarization removes inactivation of ca2+ channels, leading to ca2+ influx and subsequent initiation of sperm motility in the common carp. | change of osmolality surrounding spawned sperm from isotonic to hypotonic causes the initiation of sperm motility in the common carp. here we show that membrane-permeable camp does not initiate motility of carp sperm that is quiescent in isotonic solution, and that motility of the demembranated sperm can be reactivated without camp. furthermore, the camp level does not change during the initiation of sperm motility, and inhibitors of protein kinase do not affect sperm motility, suggesting that n ... | 2000 | 10688893 |