Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| identification of a novel fusarium head blight resistance quantitative trait locus on chromosome 7a in tetraploid wheat. | abstract fusarium head blight (fhb) caused by fusarium graminearum is one of the most destructive diseases of durum (triticum turgidum sp. durum) and common wheat (t. aestivum). promising sources of fhb resistance have been identified among common (hexaploid) wheats, but the same is not true for durum (tetraploid) wheats. a previous study indicated that chromosome 7a from t. turgidum sp. dicoccoides accession pi478742 contributed significant levels of resistance to fhb. the objectives of this re ... | 2007 | 18943578 |
| simple sequence repeat diversity of a worldwide collection of puccinia triticina from durum wheat. | abstract isolates of puccinia triticina collected from durum wheat from argentina, chile, ethiopia, france, mexico, spain, and the united states were analyzed with 11 simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers in order to determine the genetic relationship among isolates. these isolates also were compared with p. triticina isolates from common wheat from north america, and an isolate collected from aegilops speltoides from israel, to determine genetic relationships among groups of p. triticina found o ... | 2007 | 18943576 |
| wheat (triticum aestivum) is susceptible to the parasitic angiosperm striga hermonthica, a major cereal pathogen in africa. | abstract striga hermonthica is a parasitic weed endemic to sub-saharan africa. it most commonly parasitizes sorghum, maize, pearl millet, and upland rice, lowering yields and affecting the welfare of over 100 million people, principally subsistence farmers. cereal crops with complete resistance to this pathogen have not been reported. in southern and eastern africa, where striga spp. are endemic, 5.6 million ha of wheat are cultivated annually. despite this, there are only isolated field reports ... | 2005 | 18943360 |
| identification, chromosome location, and diagnostic markers for a new gene (yrcn19) for resistance to wheat stripe rust. | abstract several wheat lines and cultivars of wheat (triticum aestivum) originating from the southwestern region of china were found to be highly resistant to stripe rust by inoculation with the prevalent races (cyr30, cyr31, and cyr32) and newly emerged races (h46-4, sy11-4 and sy11-14) of the pathogen. an inheritance study of the resistance to stripe rust was carried out by crossing resistant aim6 with susceptible beiz76. results indicated that the resistance to stripe rust was controlled by a ... | 2005 | 18943356 |
| quantitative trait loci for high-temperature adult-plant and slow-rusting resistance to puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in wheat cultivars. | stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most damaging diseases of wheat (triticum aestivum) globally. high-temperature adult-plant resistance (htapr) and slow-rusting have great potential for sustainable management of the disease. the wheat cultivars luke and aquileja have been previously reported to possess htapr and slow-rusting to stripe rust, respectively. aquileja displayed less number of stripes per unit leaf area than luke, while luke showed lower infecti ... | 2008 | 18943256 |
| specificity of incomplete resistance to mycosphaerella graminicola in wheat. | we examined interactions between wheat (triticum aestivum) and mycosphaerella graminicola, causal agent of septoria tritici blotch, to determine whether specific interactions occur between host and pathogen genotypes that could be involved in eroding resistance. the moderate resistance of the wheat cultivar madsen has eroded significantly in the willamette valley of oregon since its release in 1990. foote is a replacement cultivar expressing moderate resistance and was released in 2000. isolates ... | 2008 | 18943223 |
| quantitative trait loci for seedling and adult plant resistance to stagonospora nodorum in wheat. | stagonospora nodorum blotch (snb) caused by stagonospora nodorum is a severe disease of wheat (triticum aestivum) in many areas of the world. s. nodorum affects both seedling and adult plants causing necrosis of leaf and glume tissue, inhibiting photosynthetic capabilities, and reducing grain yield. the aims of this study were to evaluate disease response of 280 doubled haploid (dh) individuals derived from a cross between resistant (6hrwsn125) and susceptible (wawht2074) genotypes, compare quan ... | 2008 | 18943206 |
| microsatellite markers for genes lr34/yr18 and other quantitative trait loci for leaf rust and stripe rust resistance in bread wheat. | abstract leaf rust and stripe rust, caused by puccinia triticina and p. striiformis, respectively, are important diseases of wheat in many countries. in this study we sought to identify molecular markers for adult plant resistance genes that could aid in incorporating such durable resistance into wheat. we used a doubled haploid population from a japanese cv. fukuho-komugi x israeli wheat oligoculm cross that had segregated for resistance to leaf rust and stripe rust in field trials. joint and/o ... | 2003 | 18943170 |
| performance and mapping of leaf rust resistance transferred to wheat from triticum timopheevii subsp. armeniacum. | abstract host plant resistance is an economical and environmentally sound method of control of leaf rust caused by the fungus puccinia triticina, which is one of the most serious diseases of wheat (triticum aestivum) worldwide. wild relatives of wheat, including the tetraploid t. timopheevii subsp. armeniacum, represent an important source of genes for resistance to leaf rust. the objectives of this study were to (i) evaluate the performance of leaf rust resistance genes previously transferred t ... | 2003 | 18943158 |
| quantitative trait loci mapping for adult-plant resistance to powdery mildew in bread wheat. | abstract powdery mildew, caused by blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is a major disease to wheat (triticum aestivum) worldwide. use of adult-plant resistance (apr) is an effective method to develop wheat cultivars with durable resistance to powdery mildew. in the present study, 432 molecular markers were used to map quantitative trait loci (qtl) for apr to powdery mildew in a doubled haploid (dh) population with 107 lines derived from the cross fukuho-komugi x oligoculm. field trials were conduc ... | 2006 | 18943153 |
| sensitivity of wheat genotypes to a toxic fraction produced by cephalosporium gramineum and correlation with disease susceptibility. | abstract cephalosporium stripe is an important disease of winter wheat (triticum aestivum) in several areas of the world, especially where stubble mulch and early seeding are practiced to maintain soil moisture and prevent erosion. we developed a procedure to mass-produce a toxic fraction produced by cephalosporium gramineum through a modification of the method of kobayashi and ui. exposure of excised wheat leaves to a concentration of 60 mul/ml of the toxic fraction for 72 h produced distinct w ... | 2001 | 18943001 |
| transgressive segregation, heritability, and number of genes controlling durable resistance to stripe rust in one chinese and two italian wheat cultivars. | abstract wheat (triticum aestivum) cvs. libellula (lb), san pastore (sp), and xian nong 4 (xn4) possess durable resistance to stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, and cv. ming xian 169 (mx169) is highly susceptible to the rust. inheritance of stripe rust resistance was studied by crossing the four cultivars and evaluating the resistance of parental, f(1), f(2), backcross, and f(3) plants in the fields. transgressive segregation for resistance was observed in the resistant ... | 2001 | 18942998 |
| nullisomic analysis of stem-rust resistance in triticum vulgare var. timstein. | 1948 | 18933701 | |
| ionic liquids in soils: effects of different anion species of imidazolium based ionic liquids on wheat (triticum aestivum) as affected by different clay minerals and clay concentrations. | this study contributes to a prospective hazard assessment of ionic liquids, focusing on the terrestrial environment. the influence of differently composed soils-varying contents of the clay minerals smectite and kaolinite-on the toxicity of different anion species of imidazolium based ionic liquids was studied for growth inhibition of wheat (triticum aestivum). im14 (cf(3)so(2))(2)n appeared the most toxic, independently of the investigated soil type. the toxicity of im14 cl, im14 bf(4) and im14 ... | 2009 | 18932018 |
| [molecular marker analysis of wheat-roegneria ciliaris additions lines.]. | a total of 135 est, 27 sts, and 253 ssr primer pairs located in 7 homoeologous groups of wheat and barly were used for amplification of 24 possible wheat-r. ciliaris disomic addition lines. fifty-five primer pairs could amplified polymorphic bands between common wheat variety "inayama komugi" and the inayama komugi- r. ciliaris amphiploid, and 31 of the 55 could amplify the specific bands of r. ciliaris in the addition lines. according to the pcr (polymerase chain reaction) results, the added r. ... | 2008 | 18930898 |
| homoeologous gene silencing in tissue cultured wheat callus. | in contrast to diploids, most polyploid plant species, which include the hexaploid bread wheat, possess an additional layer of epigenetic complexity. several studies have demonstrated that polyploids are affected by homoeologous gene silencing, a process in which sub-genomic genomic copies are selectively transcriptionally inactivated. this form of silencing can be tissue specific and may be linked to developmental or stress responses. | 2008 | 18928533 |
| [identification of catalytically active groups of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) germ lipase]. | the active site of wheat germ lipase was studied by the dixon method and chemical modification. the profile of curve logv = f(ph), pk and ionization heat values, lipase photoinactivation, and lipase inactivation with diethylpyrocarbonate and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide led us to assume that the active site of the enzyme comprises the carboxylic group of aspartic or glutamic acid and the imidazole group of histidine. apparently, the oh-group of serine plays a key role in catalysis: as a result of in ... | 2008 | 18924403 |
| increasing the physical markers of wheat chromosomes using ssrs as fish probes. | in plants the marker sequences used to identify chromosomes are mainly repetitive dna probes. simple sequence repeats (ssrs) are major components of many plant genomes and could be good markers for chromosome identification. in a previous work, we reported the physical distribution of 4 oligonucleotides, (ag)12, (cat)5, (aac)5, and (aag)5, on triticum aestivum l. chromosomes. the distinctive distribution pattern found suggested that ssr in situ hybridization is useful as a diagnostic tool in whe ... | 2008 | 18923532 |
| variation in the content of dietary fiber and components thereof in wheats in the healthgrain diversity screen. | within the healthgrain diversity screening program, the variation in the content of dietary fiber and components thereof in different types of wheat was studied. the wheat types were winter (131 varieties) and spring (20 varieties) wheats (both triticum aestivum l., also referred to as common wheats), durum wheat (triticum durum desf., 10 varieties), spelt wheat (triticum spelta l., 5 varieties), einkorn wheat (t. monococcum l., 5 varieties), and emmer wheat (triticum dicoccum schubler, 5 variet ... | 2008 | 18921978 |
| folate in wheat genotypes in the healthgrain diversity screen. | as part of the diversity screen of the healthgrain project, the total folate contents of bread wheat (130 winter and 20 spring wheat genotypes), durum wheat (10 genotypes), earlier cultivated diploid einkorn and tetraploid emmer wheat (5 genotypes of each), and spelt (5 genotypes), grown in the same location in a controlled manner, were determined by a microbiological assay. the total folate contents ranged from 364 to 774 ng/g of dm in winter wheat and from 323 to 741 ng/g of dm in spring wheat ... | 2008 | 18921972 |
| tocopherols and tocotrienols in wheat genotypes in the healthgrain diversity screen. | tocopherol and tocotrienol compositions were studied in 175 genotypes of different wheat types grown under similar conditions to screen for natural diversity. the main focus was on bread wheats, including 130 and 20 winter and spring types, respectively. the average total content of tocopherols and tocotrienols was 49.4 microg/g of dm, with a range of 27.6-79.7 microg/g of dm, indicating a 2.9-fold variation among genotypes. beta-tocotrienol and alpha-tocopherol were the major vitamers, and in g ... | 2008 | 18921970 |
| the healthgrain cereal diversity screen: concept, results, and prospects. | one hundred and fifty bread wheat lines and 50 other lines of small-grain cereals (spelt, durum wheat, triticum monococcum, triticum dicoccum, oats, rye, and barley) were selected for diversity in their geographical origin, age, and characteristics. they were grown on a single site in hungary in 2004-2005, harvested, milled, and analyzed for a range of phytochemicals (tocols, sterols, phenolic acids, folates, alkylresorcinols) and fiber components that are considered to have health benefits. det ... | 0 | 18921969 |
| the use of nullisomics in common wheat in associating genes with specific chromosomes. | 1948 | 18903879 | |
| awn inheritance in triticum vulgare. | 1948 | 18903870 | |
| analysis of wheat sage tags reveals evidence for widespread antisense transcription. | serial analysis of gene expression (sage) is a powerful tool for genome-wide transcription studies. unlike microarrays, it has the ability to detect novel forms of rna such as alternatively spliced and antisense transcripts, without the need for prior knowledge of their existence. one limitation of using sage on an organism with a complex genome and lacking detailed sequence information, such as the hexaploid bread wheat triticum aestivum, is accurate annotation of the tags generated. without ac ... | 2008 | 18847483 |
| [induction, regeneration, and biolistic sensitivity of different genotypes of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.)]. | the induction, regeneration, and biolistic sensitivities of different genotypes of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) have been determined in order to develop an efficient system for transformation of russian cultivars of spring wheat. short-term (two days) cold treatment (4 degrees c) has been demonstrated to distinctly increase the frequency of morphogenetic callus induction. the optimal phytohormonal composition of the nutrient medium ensuring an in vitro regeneration rate of the common whea ... | 2008 | 18846824 |
| creation and functional analysis of new puroindoline alleles in triticum aestivum. | the hardness (ha) locus controls grain texture and affects many end-use properties of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). the ha locus is functionally comprised of the puroindoline a and b genes, pina and pinb, respectively. the lack of pin allelic diversity is a major factor limiting ha functional analyses and wheat quality improvement. in order to create new ha alleles, a 630 member m(2) population was produced in the soft white spring cultivar alpowa using ethylmethane sulfonate mutagenesis. the m( ... | 2009 | 18846362 |
| genomic regions influencing gene expression of the hmw glutenins in wheat. | bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) produces glutenin storage proteins in the endosperm. the hmw glutenins confer distinct viscoelastic properties to bread dough. the genetics of hmw glutenin proteins have been extensively studied, and information has accumulated about individual subunits, chromosomal locations and dna sequences, but little is known about the regulators of the hmw glutenins. this investigation addressed the question of glutenin regulators. expression of the glutenins was analyzed ... | 2009 | 18839129 |
| the chromosome region including the earliness per se locus eps-am1 affects the duration of early developmental phases and spikelet number in diploid wheat. | earliness per se genes are those that regulate flowering time independently of vernalization and photoperiod, and are important for the fine tuning of flowering time and for the wide adaptation of wheat to different environments. the earliness per se locus eps-a(m)1 was recently mapped within a 0.8 cm interval on chromosome 1a(m)l of diploid wheat triticum monococcum l., and it was shown that its effect was modulated by temperature. in this study, this precise mapping information was used to cha ... | 2008 | 18836186 |
| effects of tetrabromobisphenol a as an emerging pollutant on wheat (triticum aestivum) at biochemical levels. | biochemical responses of wheat (triticum aestivum) to the stress of tetrabromobisphenol a (tbbpa) as an emerging pollutant were examined. the results indicated that reduction of the chlorophyll (chl) content in wheat leaves could be observed. however, the changes in the chl content with the increasing tbbpa concentration from 50 to 5000 mg kg(-1) were insignificant (p>0.05). increased malondialdehyde levels were detected in wheat leaves after both 7-d and 12-d exposures. the changes in the activ ... | 2008 | 18835007 |
| a physical map of the 1-gigabase bread wheat chromosome 3b. | as the staple food for 35% of the world's population, wheat is one of the most important crop species. to date, sequence-based tools to accelerate wheat improvement are lacking. as part of the international effort to sequence the 17-billion-base-pair hexaploid bread wheat genome (2n = 6x = 42 chromosomes), we constructed a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac)-based integrated physical map of the largest chromosome, 3b, that alone is 995 megabases. a chromosome-specific bac library was used to a ... | 2008 | 18832645 |
| genome organisation and retrotransposon driven molecular evolution of the endosperm hardness (ha) locus in triticum aestivum cv glenlea. | wheat endosperm texture is controlled primarily by a locus (ha), which comprises gsp-1, pina and pinb genes encoding the so-called grain softness protein, puroindoline-a and puroindoline-b, respectively. pina and pinb were detected only on the d-genome of hexaploid wheat and its diploid progenitors while gsp-1 was on all three homoeologous loci. hexaploid cultivar glenlea has a hard phenotype due to a null pina genotype (d-genome) but the sequence organization is not reported. this study aimed a ... | 2008 | 18830712 |
| cell membrane surface potential (psi0) plays a dominant role in the phytotoxicity of copper and arsenate. | negative charges at cell membrane surfaces (cms) create a surface electrical potential (psi(0)) that affects ion concentrations at the cms and consequently affects the phytotoxicity of metallic cations and metalloid anions in different ways. the zeta potentials of root protoplasts of wheat (triticum aestivum), as affected by the ionic environment of the solution, were measured and compared with the values of psi(0) calculated with a gouy-chapman-stern model. the mechanisms for the effects of cat ... | 2008 | 18829983 |
| taasy1 promotes homologous chromosome interactions and is affected by deletion of ph1. | during meiosis, chromosomes are sorted into homologous pairs as a preface to their intimate association via recombination and synapsis. however, little is known about the mechanism used to distinguish homologous chromosomes from other chromosomes present in the nucleus. studies in wheat (triticum aestivum) have shown that the pairing homoeologous 1 (ph1) locus is required to suppress interactions between genetically similar homoeologous chromosomes. here we show that absence of ph1 causes increa ... | 2009 | 18826431 |
| [dependence of cross-pollination indices on genotype characteristics of winter common wheat]. | out-crossing indices (the out-rcrossing rate, the frequency of plants with cross-pollination and outcrossing intensity) in f2 plants of winter common wheat from the reciprocal cross b-16 x odesskaya krasnokolosaya were analysed using storage proteins as genetic markers. outcrossing indices greatly differed depending on growth conditions. the out-crossing rate was 0,35 % (odessa, 2000) and 5,11% (kyiv, 2004). the highest out-crossing indices were detected in homozygotes for the presence of the ry ... | 2008 | 18822866 |
| [primary and secondary metabolism of winter wheat under cold hardening and treatment with antioxidants]. | the content of saccharides and phenolic compounds (including flavonoids and lignin) and the activity of l-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal, ec 4.3.1.5) were determined in leaves and tillering nodes of winter wheat triticum aestivum l.) cultivars inna and moskovskaya 39, differing in the level of frost resistance. these parameters were determined in three groups of plants--control, hardened, and treated with synthetic antioxidants (ambiol and amerol 2000). cold hardening increased accumulation of ... | 2009 | 18822781 |
| transferability and polymorphism of barley est-ssr markers used for phylogenetic analysis in hordeum chilense. | hordeum chilense, a native south american diploid wild barley, is a potential source of useful genes for cereal breeding. the use of this wild species to increase genetic variation in cereals will be greatly facilitated by marker-assisted selection. different economically feasible approaches have been undertaken for this wild species with limited direct agricultural use in a search for suitable and cost-effective markers. the availability of expressed sequence tags (est) derived microsatellites ... | 0 | 18822176 |
| colonization and nitrogenase activity of triticum aestivum (cv. baccross and mahdavi) to the dual inoculation with azospirillum brasilense and rhizobium meliloti plus 2,4-d. | the potential enhancement of root colonization and nitrogenase activity of wheat cultivars (baccross and mahdavi) was studied with application of two azospirillum brasilense strains (native and sp7) co-inoculated with two rhizobium meliloti strains (native and dsmz 30135). the results indicated that the colonization was different due to the strains and cultivars of wheat were used. native a. brasilense colonized wheat root better than sp7 strain. however, baccross cv. reacted better with native ... | 2008 | 18819640 |
| molecular aspects of drought tolerance in bread wheat (t. aestivum). | in order to evaluate molecular indices of drought tolerance and selection of drought tolerance genotypes in bread wheat a randomized complete block design was carried out with three replications in the field of research station of sararood, kermanshah, iran. positive significant correlation coefficient was observed between grain yield and proline, soluble sugar and total protein under rainfed condition. based on the grain yield, proline content, soluble sugar and total protein the genotypes were ... | 2008 | 18819604 |
| pm23: a new allele of pm4 located on chromosome 2al in wheat. | powdery mildew, caused by blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is one of the major diseases of common wheat (triticum aestivum) worldwide. the powdery mildew resistance gene pm23, identified in the common wheat line 81-7241 and originally assigned to wheat chromosome 5a, was relocated on chromosome 2al with the aid of molecular markers. mapping of microsatellite markers in two wheat crosses segregating for pm23 and pm4b, respectively, in combination with the reported mapping of pm4a, indicated that ... | 2008 | 18818899 |
| tolerance of 42 bread wheat genotypes to drought stress after anthesis. | the present research characterized yield and yield components of 42 wheat genotypes after terminal drought stress. the experiment was in twice replicated simple rectangular lattice design, conducted at irrigated and terminal stress conditions during 2006-2007. these study genotypes had significant differences for grain yield at level of 1%. genotypes 4057, viking/5/gds/4.., sabalan and 5041 respectively with 6.313, 6.159, 5.793 and 5.774 t ha(-1) had the highest yield and gascogen has the lowest ... | 2008 | 18817264 |
| incorporation of ammi stability value and grain yield in a single non-parametric index (gsi) in bread wheat. | in order to determine stable bread wheat genotypes with high grain yield via a single parameter, field experiments were conducted with 20 genotypes for 4 consecutive years in two different conditions (irrigated and rainfed) in a completely randomized block design with three replications in each environment. combined analysis of variance showed highly significant differences for the ge interaction indicating the possibility of selection for stable entries. the results of additive main effect and ... | 2008 | 18817218 |
| identification of differentially expressed proteins between hybrid and parents in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedling leaves. | in spite of commercial use of heterosis in agriculture, the molecular basis of heterosis is poorly understood. to gain a better understanding of the molecular basis of wheat heterosis, we carried out a comparative proteomic analysis in seedling leaves between wheat hybrid and parents. common wheat (triticum aestivum l., 2n = 6x = 42, aabbdd) line 3338 and spelt wheat (triticum spelta l., 2n = 6x = 42, aabbdd) line 2463 were used to produce a heterotic f(1) hybrid. the expression patterns of the ... | 2009 | 18815767 |
| heat stress-responsive transcriptome analysis in heat susceptible and tolerant wheat (triticum aestivum l.) by using wheat genome array. | wheat is a major crop in the world, and the high temperature stress can reduce the yield of wheat by as much as 15%. the molecular changes in response to heat stress are poorly understood. using genechip wheat genome array, we analyzed genome-wide gene expression profiles in the leaves of two wheat genotypes, namely, heat susceptible 'chinese spring' (cs) and heat tolerant 'tam107' (tam). | 0 | 18808683 |
| detection of high molecular weight glutenin subunits in triticale (x triticosecale wittm.) cultivars by capillary zone electrophoresis. | an improved method for separating and characterizing high molecular weight glutenin subunits (hmw-gs) in hexaploid triticale by capillary zone electrophoresis (cze) was developed. a low-concentrate mixture of hydrophilic polymers, poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (pvp) and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (hpmc), in an isoelectric buffer was employed for dynamic coating of the capillary inner wall. in separation buffer pvp with lower concentrated poly(ethylene oxide) (peo) was replaced. the cze electropherogr ... | 2008 | 18808142 |
| [toxic effect of musk ketone based on the determinations of wheat (triticum aestivum) seed germination and root elongation]. | through the determinations of wheat (triticum aestivum) seed germination and seedling growth, the toxic effect of emerging pollutant musk ketone was investigated. the results showed that 10 mg x kg(-1) of musk ketone could significantly inhibit the seed germination rate (p < 0. 05) and the seedling's root- and shoot elongation of wheat (p <0.01), and there existed a significant (p < 0.01) dose-effect relationship between musk ketone and root- and shoot elongation, suggesting that the seedling's ... | 2008 | 18808038 |
| [evolution characteristics of flag leaf photosynthesis and grain yield of wheat cultivars bred in different years]. | taking six winter wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivars, i. e., 'wangshuibai' and 'bima 1' bred in 1950s, 'zhengyin 1' and 'yangmai 1' bred in 1970s, and 'yumai 34' and 'ningmai 9' bred in 1990s, as test materials, field experiments were conducted to study the evolution characteristics of their flag leaf photosynthesis and grain yield. the results showed that compared with those bred in 1950s and 1970s, the cultivars bred in 1990s had higher chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate (pn), ps ii ... | 2008 | 18808017 |
| characterization of the taaidfa gene encoding a crt/dre-binding factor responsive to drought, high-salt, and cold stress in wheat. | dehydration responsive element-binding factors (dbfs) belong to the ap2/erf superfamily and play vital regulatory roles in abiotic stress responses in plants. in this study, we isolated three novel homologs of the dbf gene family in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) by screening a drought-induced cdna library and designated them as taaidfs (t. aestivum abiotic stress-induced dbfs). compared to taaidfb and taaidfc, taaidfa lacks a short ser/thr-rich region, a putative phosphorylation site, following t ... | 2008 | 18800227 |
| dynamics of light and nitrogen distribution during grain filling within wheat canopy. | in monocarpic species, during the reproductive stage the growing grains represent a strong sink for nitrogen (n) and trigger n remobilization from the vegetative organs, which decreases canopy photosynthesis and accelerates leaf senescence. the spatiotemporal distribution of n in a reproductive canopy has not been described in detail. here, we investigated the role of the local light environment on the spatiotemporal distribution of leaf lamina n mass per unit leaf area (sln) during grain fillin ... | 2008 | 18799664 |
| new dna markers for high molecular weight glutenin subunits in wheat. | end-use quality is one of the priorities of modern wheat (triticum aestivum l.) breeding. even though quality is a complex trait, high molecular weight (hmw) glutenins play a major role in determining the bread making quality of wheat. dna markers developed from the sequences of hmw glutenin genes were reported in several previous studies to facilitate marker-assisted selection (mas). however, most of the previously available markers are dominant and amplify large dna fragments, and thus are not ... | 2008 | 18797838 |
| orf260cra, a novel mitochondrial gene, is associated with the homeotic transformation of stamens into pistil-like structures (pistillody) in alloplasmic wheat. | homeotic transformation of stamens into pistil-like structures (pistillody) can occur in cytoplasmic substitution (alloplasmic) lines of bread wheat (triticum aestivum) that have the cytoplasm of the related species, aegilops crassa. previously we showed that pistillody results from altered patterns of expression of class b mads-box genes mediated by mitochondrial gene(s) in the ae. crassa cytoplasm. the wheat cultivar chinese spring does not show pistillody when ae. crassa cytoplasm is introduc ... | 2008 | 18794174 |
| co-ordinated expression of amino acid metabolism in response to n and s deficiency during wheat grain filling. | increasing demands for productivity together with environmental concerns about fertilizer use dictate that the future sustainability of agricultural systems will depend on improving fertilizer use efficiency. characterization of the biological processes responsible for efficient fertilizer use will provide tools for crop improvement under reduced inputs. transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches were used to study the impact of nitrogen (n) and sulphur (s) deficiency on n and s remobilization fr ... | 2008 | 18791197 |
| nitrate supply induces changes in polyamine content and ethylene production in wheat plants grown with ammonium. | in order to explore the mechanisms of nitrate's beneficial effect on ammonium-grown plants, we investigated the effects of nitrate on free and conjugated polyamine plant content and ethylene biosynthesis in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) plants grown with ammonium nutrition. two different doses of nitrate (100 microm and 5 mm) were supplied to ammonium-fed plants, in order to determine whether the effects of nitrate require significant doses (nutritional character), or can be promoted by very low ... | 2009 | 18790547 |
| dynamics and differential proliferation of transposable elements during the evolution of the b and a genomes of wheat. | transposable elements (tes) constitute >80% of the wheat genome but their dynamics and contribution to size variation and evolution of wheat genomes (triticum and aegilops species) remain unexplored. in this study, 10 genomic regions have been sequenced from wheat chromosome 3b and used to constitute, along with all publicly available genomic sequences of wheat, 1.98 mb of sequence (from 13 bac clones) of the wheat b genome and 3.63 mb of sequence (from 19 bac clones) of the wheat a genome. anal ... | 2008 | 18780739 |
| [two-dimensional electrophoresis on anther total proteins of male sterility induced by chemical hybridizing agent and heredity type in wheat]. | the isonucleus-allocytoplasmic materials ms(s)-xinong 1376, (a)-xinong 1376, and ms(a)-xinong 1376 were used to investigate the protein expression profile in mononucleated anaphase anthers of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) after silver staining and analysis by pdquest software. about 320 to 350 distinct protein spots were detected reproducibly. the results indicated that there were some difference in the protein quantity between the two sterile lines and the maintainer line. several specific spots ... | 2008 | 18779159 |
| genetics of leaf and stripe rust resistance in a bread wheat cultivar tonichi. | 2008 | 18776651 | |
| development of triticum turgidum subsp. durum--aegilops longissima amphiploids with high iron and zinc content through unreduced gamete formation in f1 hybrids. | four different interspecific hybrids involving three different accessions of aegilops longissima schweinf. & muschl. with high grain iron and zinc content and three triticum turgidum l. subsp. durum (desf.) husn. cultivars with low micronutrient content were made for durum wheat biofortification and investigated for chromosome pairing, fertility, putative amphiploidy, and micronutrient content. the chromosome pairing in the 21-chromosome f1 hybrids (absl) consisted of 0-6 rod bivalents and occas ... | 2008 | 18772954 |
| [the effect of low temperature on the microtubules in root meristem cells of spring and winter cultivars of wheat triticum aestivum l]. | we have studied the response of the interphase and mitotis microtubule arrays in root meristem cells of spring and winter cultivars of wheat triticum aestivum l. (moskovskaya 35 and moskovskaya 39) during cold stress (1 h at 0 degrees c) and acclimation to cold (3-48 h at 0 degrees c). our data show that interphase microtubules are more resistant to cold than mitotic arrays in both cultivars. during cold stress the density of endoplasmic microtubules increases in interphase cells of winter plant ... | 2008 | 18771175 |
| effect of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate on the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings. | although many studies describe ionic liquids (ils) as potentially greener solvents, few studies address their relationship with the environment. recent researches suggest that some ils have toxicity. 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([c4mim][bf4]) was reported to have the lowest toxicity among ils. in this work, we studied the toxicity of this il on wheat seedlings. it was shown that wheat germination was reduced to 38.0% in the presence of 4.4 mmol/l [c4mim][bf4] compared with 100% ... | 2009 | 18767141 |
| asymmetric somatic hybridization between wheat (triticum aestivum) and avena sativa l. | protoplasts from cell suspensions ofyoung-embryo-derived calli, which were nonregenerable for long-term subculture and protoplasts from embryogenic calli with the regeneration capacity of 75% ofthe same wheat jinan 177, were mixed as recipient. protoplasts from embryogenic calli of avena sativa (with the regeneration capacity ofless than 10%) irradiated with uv at an intensity of 300 muw/cm(2) for 30 s, 1 min, 2 min, 3 min, 5 min were used as the donor. protoplasts ofthe recipient and the donor ... | 2003 | 18763139 |
| microdissection of additional chromosome in common wheat-th. intermedium tai-27 and screening of its special probe. | it was identified that there were 4 st chromosomes derived from th. intermedium in common wheat-th. intermedium alien additional line tai-27 by in situ hybridization. two st chromosomes added to wheat chromosome in tai-27 as well as two of them replaced two of 42 in wheat chromosomes. this indicates that tai-27 is not only an alien additional line, but also a replacing line. the additional chromosomes in tai-27 were microdissected and a microcloning library was constructed. a special probe of th ... | 2000 | 18763122 |
| potential phytoavailability of anthropogenic cobalt in soils as measured by isotope dilution techniques. | isotope dilution is a useful technique to determine the potential phytoavailability of an element in soil. this method involves equilibrating an isotope with soil and then sampling the labile metal pool by analysis of the soil solution (e value) or plants growing in the soil (l value). the work reported here was conducted to evaluate the distribution coefficient (kd), and the potential phytoavailability (e value) of cobalt (co) in eight soils subjected to the atmospheric deposition of anthropoge ... | 2008 | 18762325 |
| a novel chimeric low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit gene from the wild relatives of wheat aegilops kotschyi and ae. juvenalis: evolution at the glu-3 loci. | four lmw-m and one novel chimeric (between lmw-i and lmw-m types) low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs) genes from aegilops neglecta (uumm), ae. kotschyi (uuss), and ae. juvenalis (ddmmuu) were isolated and characterized. sequence structures showed that the 4 lmw-m-type genes, assigned to the m genome of ae. neglecta, displayed a high homology with those from hexaploid common wheat. the novel chimeric gene, designed as ajklmw-i, was isolated from both ae. kotschyi and ae. juvenalis and ... | 2008 | 18757939 |
| specific interactions between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting bacteria: as revealed by different combinations. | the interactions between two plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (pgpr, pseudomonas fluorescens sbw25 and paenibacillus brasilensis pb177), two arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi (glomus mosseae and glomus intraradices) and one pathogenic fungus (microdochium nivale) were investigated on winter wheat (triticum aestivum cultivar tarso) in a greenhouse trial. pb177, but not sbw25, had strong inhibitory effects on m. nivale in dual culture plate assays. the results from the greenhouse experiment sh ... | 2008 | 18754788 |
| mapping of a bydv resistance gene from thinopyrum intermedium in wheat background by molecular markers. | the wheat line h960642 is a homozygous wheat-thinopyrum intermedium translocation line with resistance to bydv by genomic in situ hybridization (gish) and rflp analysis. the genomic dna of th. intermedium was used as a probe, and common wheat genomic dna as a blocking in gish experiment. the results showed that the chromosome segments of th. intermedium were transferred to the distal end of a pair of wheat chromosomes. rflp analysis indicated that the translocation line h960642 is a t7ds-7dl-7xl ... | 1999 | 18726490 |
| comparative study of symmetric and asymmetric somatic hybridization between common wheat andhaynaldia villosa. | symmetric and asymmetric protoplast fusion between long term cell suspension-derived protoplasts oftriticum aestivum (cv. jinan 177) and protoplasts ofhaynaldia villosa prepared from one-year-old embryogeneric calli was performed by peg method. in asymmetric fusion, donor calli were treated with gamma ray at a dose of 40, 60, 80 gy (1.3 gy/min) respectively and then used to isolate protoplasts. results of morphological, cytological, biochemical (isozyme) and 5s rdna spacer sequence analysis reve ... | 2001 | 18726409 |
| characterization of progenies of triticum aestivum-psathyrostachys juncea derivatives by using genomic in-situ hybridization. | using genomic in-situ hybridization (gish) technique, 7 translocation-addition lines, 6 translocation and translocation-addition lines, 2 ditelosomic addition lines and 1 translocation line were identified from triticum aestivum l. -psathyrostachys juncea (fisch.) nevski intergeneric hybrids, of which translocation-addition and translocation and translocation-addition lines were not found in other reports. no substitutions and disomic additions were detected in the, hybrids and breakages occurre ... | 1997 | 18726291 |
| molecular evidence on maize specific dna fragment transferred into wheat through sexual hybridization. | nearly 100 maize-specific repeated dna clones were screened from a maize random genomic library, and used for rflp analysis of two wheat dh populations from wheat and maize crosses. the result showed that a maize fragment in clone mr64 was transferred into two wheat dh lines, i.e. no. 18 in common wheat dhs and no. 15 in persicum wheat dhs, in which strong hybridization signals were detected. it is first proved at dna level that some maize-specific dna can be transferred into wheat dh progenies ... | 1998 | 18726195 |
| the contribution of distant hybridization with decaploid agropyron elongatum to wheat improvement in china. | wheat is a staple food crop in the world as well as in china. because of the progress of wheat breeding and other agricultural scitechnologies, the wheat grain yield per unit area has increased more than five folds from 1952 to 2006 in china. the first part of this article briefly reviews the history of wheat breeding in china. second, the establishment of "triticum aestivum-agropyron" distant hybridization system and its contribution to wheat production and breeding in china are summarized. fin ... | 2008 | 18721781 |
| transforming wheat vacuolar invertase into a high affinity sucrose:sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase. | vacuolar invertases (vis) degrade sucrose to glucose and fructose. additionally, the fructan plant wheat (triticum aestivum) contains different fructosyltransferases (fts), which have evolved from vis by developing the capacity to bind sucrose or fructans as acceptor substrates. modelling studies revealed a hydrogen bonding network in the conserved wmndpng motif of vis, which is absent in fts. in this study, the hydrogen bonding network of wheat vi was disrupted by site-directed mutagenesis in t ... | 2008 | 18721162 |
| reproductive allocation patterns in different density populations of spring wheat. | the effects of increased intraspecific competition on size hierarchies (size inequality) and reproductive allocation were investigated in populations of the annual plant, spring wheat (triticum aestivum). a series of densities (100, 300, 1000, 3000 and 10,000 plants/m(2)) along a gradient of competition intensity were designed in this experiment. the results showed that average shoot biomass decreased with increased density. reproductive allocation was negatively correlated to gini coefficient ( ... | 2008 | 18713435 |
| effects on genome constitution and novel cell wall formation caused by the addition of 5rs rye chromosome to common wheat. | the cytological instability of common wheat-rye addition lines was investigated in the present study. the chromosome numbers of almost all addition lines were considerably stable, but those of cs + 5r were very variable. the rye chromosome added in this line was found to be much shorter than expected. fluorescent in situ hybridization with 5s rdna and the centromere-specific probes clearly revealed that the short rye chromosome contains only a short arm of chromosome 5r (5rs). in this line, chro ... | 2008 | 18713385 |
| discrimination of repetitive sequences polymorphism in secale cereale by genomic in situ hybridization-banding. | genomic in situ hybridization banding (gish-banding), a technique slightly modified from conventional gish, was used to probe the chinese native rye (secale cereale l.) dna, and enabled us to visualize the individual rye chromosomes and create a universal reference karyotype of the s. cereale chromosome 1r to 7r. the gish-banding approach used in the present study was able to discriminate s. cereale chromosomes or segments in the wheat (triticum aestivum l.) background, including the triticale, ... | 2008 | 18713379 |
| isolation and molecular characterization of high molecular weight glutenin subunit genes 1bx13 and 1by16 from hexaploid wheat. | the high molecular weight glutenin subunit (hmw-gs) pair 1bx13 + 1by16are recognized to positively correlate with bread-making quality; however, their molecular data remain unknown. in order to reveal the mechanism by which 1by16 and 1bx13 creates high quality, their open reading frames (orfs) were amplified from common wheat atlas66 and jimai 20 using primers that were designed based on published sequences of hmw glutenin genes. the orf of 1by16 was 2,220 bp, deduced into 738 amino acid residue ... | 2008 | 18713365 |
| a genetic map constructed using a doubled haploid population derived from two elite chinese common wheat varieties. | genetic mapping provides a powerful tool for the analysis of quantitative trait loci (qtls) at the genomic level. herein, we report a new genetic linkage map developed from an f(1)-derived doubled haploid (dh) population of 168 lines, which was generated from the cross between two elite chinese common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) varieties, huapei 3 and yumai 57. the map contained 305 loci, represented by 283 simple sequence repeat (ssr) and 22 expressed sequence tag (est)-ssr markers, which cov ... | 2008 | 18713343 |
| brassinosteroids regulate grain filling in rice. | genes controlling hormone levels have been used to increase grain yields in wheat (triticum aestivum) and rice (oryza sativa). we created transgenic rice plants expressing maize (zea mays), rice, or arabidopsis thaliana genes encoding sterol c-22 hydroxylases that control brassinosteroid (br) hormone levels using a promoter that is active in only the stems, leaves, and roots. the transgenic plants produced more tillers and more seed than wild-type plants. the seed were heavier as well, especiall ... | 2008 | 18708477 |
| transcriptome analysis of high-temperature adult-plant resistance conditioned by yr39 during the wheat-puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici interaction. | stripe rust [caused by puccinia striiformis westend. f. sp. tritici eriks. (pst)] is a destructive disease of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) worldwide. high-temperature adult-plant (htap) resistance to stripe rust is race non-specific, inherited quantitatively and durable. previously, we identified and mapped the single yr39 htap stripe rust resistance gene in the spring wheat cultivar alpowa, which was identified on chromosome 7bl and accounted for 64.2% of the variation in resistance. to identif ... | 2008 | 18705862 |
| transcriptome analysis of the wheat-puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici interaction. | stripe rust [caused by puccinia striiformis westend. f. sp. tritici eriks. (pst)] is a destructive disease of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) worldwide. genetic resistance is the preferred method for control and the yr5 gene, originally identified in triticum spelta var. album, represents a major resistance (r) gene that confers all-stage resistance to all currently known races of pst in the united states. to identify transcripts associated with the yr5-mediated incompatible interaction and the yr5 ... | 2008 | 18705849 |
| different mechanisms of adaptation to cyclic water stress in two south australian bread wheat cultivars. | in the south australian wheat belt, cyclic drought is a frequent event represented by intermittent periods of rainfall which can occur around anthesis and post-anthesis in wheat. three south australian bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars, excalibur, kukri, and rac875, were evaluated in one greenhouse and two growth-room experiments. in the first growth-room experiment, where plants were subjected to severe cyclic water-limiting conditions, rac875 and excalibur (drought-tolerant) showed ... | 2008 | 18703496 |
| tolerance of hordeum marinum accessions to o2 deficiency, salinity and these stresses combined. | when root-zone o(2) deficiency occurs together with salinity, regulation of shoot ion concentrations is compromised even more than under salinity alone. tolerance was evaluated amongst 34 accessions of hordeum marinum, a wild species in the triticeae, to combined salinity and root-zone o(2) deficiency. interest in h. marinum arises from the potential to use it as a donor for abiotic stress tolerance into wheat. | 2009 | 18701600 |
| relationship between homoeologous regulatory and structural genes in allopolyploid genome - a case study in bread wheat. | the patterns of expression of homoeologous genes in hexaploid bread wheat have been intensively studied in recent years, but the interaction between structural genes and their homoeologous regulatory genes remained unclear. the question was as to whether, in an allopolyploid, this interaction is genome-specific, or whether regulation cuts across genomes. the aim of the present study was cloning, sequence analysis, mapping and expression analysis of f3h (flavanone 3-hydroxylase - one of the key e ... | 2008 | 18700978 |
| immobilization and phytotoxicity of cd in contaminated soil amended with chicken manure compost. | the experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of compost application on the immobilization and biotoxicity of cd in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) potted soils. soils treated with various levels of cd (0-50 mg cd kg(-1) soil) were amended with 0, 30, 60 and 120 g compost kg(-1) soil. the fractions of cd in soil were evaluated by a sequential extraction procedure. compost application resulted in more than 70% lower soluble/exchangeable cd (kno(3)) but increased the concentration of org ... | 2009 | 18692313 |
| significant improvement of stress tolerance in tobacco plants by overexpressing a stress-responsive aldehyde dehydrogenase gene from maize (zea mays). | aldehyde dehydrogenases (aldhs) play a central role in detoxification processes of aldehydes generated in plants when exposed to the stressed conditions. in order to identify genes required for the stresses responses in the grass crop zea mays, an aldh (zmaldh22a1) gene was isolated and characterized. zmaldh22a1 belongs to the family aldh22 that is currently known only in plants. the zmaldh22a1 encodes a protein of 593 amino acids that shares high identity with the orthologs from saccharum offic ... | 2008 | 18688729 |
| [influence of the surface features and physiological reactions of non-host species on the development of cellular structures of rust fungi]. | parasitic rust fungi puccinia triticina and p. coronata specialized to cereals are not able to form functionally completed cellular structures (germ tubes and appressoria) on the surface of plant species that do not belong to poaceae. fungus structures are induced by the surface features of grains leaves (millet, maize, oat, common wheat) to a different extent. nuclear division and activity of parasites are partially suppressed on the non-host leaves. fungi intrusions into sub-stomal cavities of ... | 2008 | 18683590 |
| [mapping of quantitative trait loci (qtl) associated with activity of disulfide reductase and lipoxygenase in grains of durum wheat triticum aestivum l. seeds]. | activity of two enzymes of thiol-disulfide cell metabolism, lipoxygenase (lox, ec 1.13.11.12) and disulfide-reductase (tpdo, ec 1.8.4.2) was studied in recombinant inbred lines of common wheat itmi. their activity in the caryopsis may be connected with the gluten quality, one of the most important traits significant for selection. the activity of lipoxygenase under favorable and droughty environmental conditions was shown to be associated with the quantitative trait locus (qtl) located on chromo ... | 2008 | 18672799 |
| [effect of hydrogen peroxide on morphological characteristics and resistance of wheat calluses to the stinking smut fungus]. | we studied the effect of hydrogen peroxide on morphological characteristics and resistance of common wheat calluses (triticum aestivum l.) to tilletia caries till. the induction of the defense response and morphogenesis in calluses depended on h2o2 concentration. a correlation was revealed between the elevated concentration of hydrogen peroxide in wheat calluses and high activity of oxalate oxidase in the cell wall. administration of h2o2 into the callus culture medium was followed by rhizogenes ... | 2008 | 18663963 |
| late foliar diseases in wheat crops decrease nitrogen yield through n uptake rather than through variations in n remobilization. | french wheat grains may be of little value on world markets because they have low and highly variable grain protein concentrations (gpc). this nitrogen-yield to yield ratio depends on crop nitrogen (n) fertilization as well as on crop capacity to use n, which is known to vary with climate and disease severity. here an examination is made of the respective roles that n remobilization and post-anthesis n uptake play in n yield variations; in particular, when wheat crops (triticum aestivum) are aff ... | 2008 | 18660494 |
| [ph and ion balance in wheat-wheatgrass under salt- or alkali stress]. | different intensities of salt- or alkali stress were established by mixing different concentrations of nacl and na2so4 or nahco3 and na2co3, respectively, and wheat-wheatgrass (triticum aestivum l. -agropyron intermedium) seedlings were grown under the stresses for 12 days. the ph value and the na(+), k(+), free ca(2+), cl(-), so4(2-), no3(-), h2po4(-), and organic acid concentrations in the fresh shoots of stressed wheat-wheatgrass seedlings were determined, aimed to approach the characteristic ... | 2008 | 18655584 |
| comparative proteomic and transcriptional profiling of a bread wheat cultivar and its derived transgenic line overexpressing a low molecular weight glutenin subunit gene in the endosperm. | we carried out a parallel transcriptional and proteomic comparison of seeds from a transformed bread wheat line that overexpresses a transgenic low molecular weight glutenin subunit gene relative to the corresponding nontransformed genotype. proteomic analyses showed that, during seed development, several classes of endosperm proteins were differentially accumulated in the transformed endosperm. as a result of the strong increase in the amount of the transgenic protein, the endogenous glutenin s ... | 2008 | 18655071 |
| earthworms, collembola and residue management change wheat (triticum aestivum) and herbivore pest performance (aphidina: rhophalosiphum padi). | management practices of arable systems determine the distribution of soil organic matter thereby changing decomposer animal activity and their impact on nutrient mineralization, plant growth and plant-herbivore interactions. decomposer-mediated changes in plant growth and insect pest performance were investigated in wheat-aphid model systems in the greenhouse. three types of litter distribution were established: litter patch at the soil surface (simulating mulching), litter patch deeper in soil ... | 2008 | 18654802 |
| models for the field-based toxicity of copper and zinc salts to wheat in 11 australian soils and comparison to laboratory-based models. | laboratory-based relationships that model the phytotoxicity of metals using soil properties have been developed. this paper presents the first field-based phytotoxicity relationships. wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was grown at 11 australian field sites at which soil was spiked with copper (cu) and zinc (zn) salts. toxicity was measured as inhibition of plant growth at 8 weeks and grain yield at harvest. the added cu and zn ec10 values for both endpoints ranged from approximately 3 to 4760 mg/kg. ... | 2008 | 18653265 |
| molecular mapping of leaf rust resistance gene lrzh84 in chinese wheat line zhou 8425b. | leaf rust, caused by puccinia triticina, is one of the most widespread diseases in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) worldwide. with the objective of identifying and mapping new genes for resistance to leaf rust, f(1), f(2) plants and f(3) lines from a cross between resistant line zhou 8425b and susceptible line chinese spring were inoculated with chinese p. triticina races thtt and mbhp in the greenhouse. a total of 793 pairs of ssr primers were used to test the parents and resistant and susc ... | 2008 | 18651124 |
| accumulation and distribution of toxic metals in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and indian mustard (brassica campestris l.) irrigated with distillery and tannery effluents. | in the present study, accumulation and distribution of toxic metals (cu, cd, cr, zn, fe, ni, mn, and pb) and their biochemical effect on wheat and mustard plants irrigated with mixed distillery and tannery effluents are reported. analyses of effluents and soil samples have shown high metal content than the permissible limit except pb. further, analyses of plant samples have indicated the maximum accumulation of fe (340 mg kg(-1) in wheat root and 560 mg kg(-1) in mustard leaves) followed by mn a ... | 2009 | 18650002 |
| simulating the influence of vernalization, photoperiod and optimum temperature on wheat developmental rates. | accurately representing development is essential for applying crop simulations to investigate the effects of climate, genotypes or crop management. development in wheat (triticum aestivum, t. durum) is primarily driven by temperature, but affected by vernalization and photoperiod, and is often simulated by reducing thermal-time accumulation using vernalization or photoperiod factors or limiting accumulation when a lower optimum temperature (t(optl)) is exceeded. in this study t(optl) and methods ... | 2008 | 18628262 |
| heterologous expression of a plastid ef-tu reduces protein thermal aggregation and enhances co2 fixation in wheat (triticum aestivum) following heat stress. | heat stress is a major constraint to wheat production and negatively impacts grain quality, causing tremendous economic losses, and may become a more troublesome factor due to global warming. at the cellular level, heat stress causes denaturation and aggregation of proteins and injury to membranes leading to alterations in metabolic fluxes. protein aggregation is irreversible, and protection of proteins from thermal aggregation is a strategy a cell uses to tolerate heat stress. here we report on ... | 2008 | 18622733 |
| detailed analysis of the expression of an alpha-gliadin promoter and the deposition of alpha-gliadin protein during wheat grain development. | alpha-gliadin proteins are important for the industrial quality of bread wheat flour, but they also contain many epitopes that can trigger celiac (coeliac) disease (cd). the b-genome-encoded alpha-gliadin genes, however, contain very few epitopes. controlling alpha-gliadin gene expression in wheat requires knowledge on the processes of expression and deposition of alpha-gliadin protein during wheat grain development. | 2008 | 18621967 |
| [new data on the distribution of hybrid necrosis genes in winter bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars]. | hybrid necrosis genotypes have been identified in 125 russian cultivars of winter bread wheat. more than half of them (56%) carry the ne2 gene (genotype ne1ne1ne2ne2); others are free of necrosis genes (genotype ne1ne1ne2ne2). the possible causes of the increase in the ne2 allele frequency and the loss of the ne1ne1ne2ne2 genotype in modem russian cultivars of winter wheat are discussed. the principal component method has been used to compare the structures of the genetic diversity of cultivars ... | 2008 | 18619039 |
| influence of plant developmental stage on microbial community structure and activity in the rhizosphere of three field crops. | seasonal shifts in rhizosphere microbial populations were investigated to follow the influence of plant developmental stage. a field study of indigenous microbial rhizosphere communities was undertaken on pea (pisum satvium var. quincy), wheat (triticum aestivum var. pena wawa) and sugar beet (beta vulgaris var. amythyst). rhizosphere community diversity and substrate utilization patterns were followed throughout a growing season, by culturing, rrna gene density gradient gel electrophoresis and ... | 2008 | 18616582 |
| extraction of up to 95% of wheat (triticum aestivum) flour protein using warm sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) without reduction or sonication. | extraction of glutenin polymers without sonication is an essential prerequisite for accurate determination of their composition and molecular size distribution. sequential fractionation of wheat flour with 0.1 m kcl and 0.25% sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) at 21 degrees c and 2% sds at 60 degrees c extracted up to 95% of total protein. we propose that 2% sds at 60 degrees c disrupts hydrogen bonds in glutenin and gliadin aggregates, reduces hydrophobic interactions, and facilitates solubilization. ... | 2008 | 18616274 |
| immediate and delayed mortality of rhyzopertha dominica (coleoptera: bostrichidae) and sitophilus oryzae (coleoptera: curculionidae) adults exposed to spinosad-treated commodities. | a series of tests was conducted to characterize differences in the mortality of the lesser grain borer, rhyzopertha dominica (f.) (coleoptera: bostrichidae), and rice weevil, sitophilus oryzae (l.) (coleoptera: curculionidae), exposed to three commodities treated with a liquid and dry spinosad formulation. in laboratory bioassays, adults of the two insect species were exposed to untreated wheat, triticum aestivum l., corn, zea mays l., and sorghum, sorghum bicolor (l.) moench., and to commoditie ... | 2008 | 18613608 |