Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| defining the causes of diarrhea: novel approaches. | diarrheal disease causes substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide; however, defining the microbiologic causes are challenging due to the large number of potential enteropathogens that require testing, insensitivity of existing conventional methods, the frequent occurrence of mixed infections, and high rates of background carriage in many communities. | 2011 | 21844805 |
| the pi3k-akt signaling pathway is important for staphylococcus aureus internalization by endothelial cells. | internalization of staphylococcus aureus in bovine endothelial cells (bec) is increased by tnf-+¦ stimulation and nf-+¦b activation. because the pi3k-akt signaling pathway also modulates nf-+¦b activity, we considered whether the internalization of s. aureus by bec is associated with the activity of pi3k and akt. we found a time- and multiplicity of infection-dependent phosphorylation of akt on ser473 in bec infected with s. aureus. this phosphorylation was inhibited by ly294002 (ly) indicating ... | 2011 | 21844240 |
| comparison between conventional and qpcr methods for enumerating campylobacter jejuni in a poultry processing plant. | campylobacter jejuni is worldwide recognized as a human foodborne pathogen. it is widely present in poultry meat and slaughterhouses, but little is known about its fate during the processing of poultry meat preparations. in stress conditions, this pathogen can enter into a viable but non-culturable state, where quantitative pcr (qpcr) becomes more convenient for its detection. in this study, two different pairs of primers, targeting the rpob and the hipo genes, were compared for its detection an ... | 2011 | 21839385 |
| epidemiology and outcome of shigella, salmonella and campylobacter infections in travellers returning from the tropics with fever and diarrhoea. | during a study on fever after a stay in the tropics, we aimed at investigating the epidemiology and outcome of invasive bacterial enteritis due to shigella, salmonella or campylobacter spp. in patients diagnosed with febrile traveller's diarrhoea. | 2011 | 21837926 |
| irrelevance between the induction of anti-campylobacter humoral response by a bacterin and the lack of protection against homologous challenge in japanese jidori chickens. | on-farm vaccination of chickens against campylobacter jejuni is considered a potentially effective countermeasure to decrease campylobacteriosis via consumption of contaminated chicken meat, but is not yet available. in this study, two groups of jidori chicks were immunized subcutaneously with a formalin-killed c. jejuni with 2 different adjuvants. another chicks served as the unvaccinated control group. both vaccines induced high levels of anti-campylobacter igg, but provided no decrease of bac ... | 2011 | 21836379 |
| regulation and function of versatile aerobic and anaerobic respiratory metabolism in pseudomonas aeruginosa. | pseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitously distributed opportunistic pathogen that inhabits soil and water as well as animal-, human-, and plant-host-associated environments. the ubiquity would be attributed to its very versatile energy metabolism. p. aeruginosa has a highly branched respiratory chain terminated by multiple terminal oxidases and denitrification enzymes. five terminal oxidases for aerobic respiration have been identified in the p. aeruginosa cells. three of them, the cbb(3)-1 oxida ... | 2011 | 21833336 |
| asparagine peptide lyases: a seventh catalytic type of proteolytic enzymes. | the terms "proteolytic enzyme" and "peptidase" have been treated as synonymous, and all proteolytic enzymes have been considered to be hydrolases (ec 3.4). however, the recent discovery of proteins that cleave themselves at asparagine residues indicates that not all peptide bond cleavage occurs by hydrolysis. these self-cleaving proteins include the tsh protein precursor of escherichia coli, in which the large c-terminal propeptide acts as an autotransporter; certain viral coat proteins; and pro ... | 2011 | 21832066 |
| structural and kinetic analysis of substrate binding to the sialyltransferase cst-ii from campylobacter jejuni. | sialic acids play important roles in various biological processes and typically terminate the oligosaccharide chains on the cell surfaces of a wide range of organisms including mammals and bacteria. their attachment is catalyzed by a set of sialyltransferases with defined specificities both for their acceptor sugars and the position of attachment. however, little is known of how this specificity is encoded. the structure of the bifunctional sialyltransferase cst-ii of the human pathogen campylob ... | 2011 | 21832050 |
| nucleotide pyrophosphatase employs a p-loop-like motif to enhance catalytic power and ndp/ntp discrimination. | we investigated the potential (d)ndp/(d)ntp discrimination mechanisms in nucleotide pyrophosphatases. here, we report that dutpase, an essential nucleotide pyrophosphatase, uses a c-terminal p-loop-like sequence in a unique mechanism for substrate discrimination and efficient hydrolysis. our spectroscopy and transient kinetics results on human dutpase mutants combined with previous structural studies indicate that (i) h-bond interactions between the +¦-phosphate and the p-loop-like motif v promo ... | 2011 | 21831832 |
| gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with inflammation and bacterial translocation in mice with ccl(4)-induced fibrosis. | gut is the major source of endogenous bacteria causing infections in advanced cirrhosis. intestinal barrier dysfunction has been described in cirrhosis and account for an increased bacterial translocation rate. | 2011 | 21829583 |
| sequencing and validation of the genome of a campylobacter concisus reveals intra-species diversity. | campylobacter concisus is an emerging pathogen of the human gastrointestinal tract. its role in different diseases remains a subject of debate; this may be due to strain to strain genetic variation. here, we sequence and analyze the genome of a c. concisus from a biopsy of a child with crohn's disease (unswcd); the second such genome for this species. a 1.8 mb genome was assembled with paired-end reads from a next-generation sequencer. this genome is smaller than the 2.1 mb c. concisus reference ... | 2011 | 21829448 |
| recombination and population structure in salmonella enterica. | salmonella enterica is a bacterial pathogen that causes enteric fever and gastroenteritis in humans and animals. although its population structure was long described as clonal, based on high linkage disequilibrium between loci typed by enzyme electrophoresis, recent examination of gene sequences has revealed that recombination plays an important evolutionary role. we sequenced around 10% of the core genome of 114 isolates of enterica using a resequencing microarray. application of two different ... | 2011 | 21829375 |
| a protein thermometer controls temperature-dependent transcription of flagellar motility genes in listeria monocytogenes. | facultative bacterial pathogens must adapt to multiple stimuli to persist in the environment or establish infection within a host. temperature is often utilized as a signal to control expression of virulence genes necessary for infection or genes required for persistence in the environment. however, very little is known about the molecular mechanisms that allow bacteria to adapt and respond to temperature fluctuations. listeria monocytogenes (lm) is a food-borne, facultative intracellular pathog ... | 2011 | 21829361 |
| top-down mass spectrometry: recent developments, applications and perspectives. | top-down mass spectrometry is an emerging approach for the analysis of intact proteins. the term was coined as a contrast with the better-established, bottom-up strategy for analysis of peptide fragments derived from digestion, either enzymatically or chemically, of intact proteins. although the term top-down originates from proteomics, it can also be applied to mass spectrometric analysis of intact large biomolecules that are constituents of protein assemblies or complexes. traditionally, mass ... | 2011 | 21826297 |
| the proteome folding project: proteome-scale prediction of structure and function. | the incompleteness of proteome structure and function annotation is a critical problem for biologists and, in particular, severely limits interpretation of high-throughput and next-generation experiments. we have developed a proteome annotation pipeline based on structure prediction, where function and structure annotations are generated using an integration of sequence comparison, fold recognition and grid-computing enabled de novo structure prediction. we predict protein domain boundaries and ... | 2011 | 21824995 |
| complete genome and comparative analysis of streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus, an emerging pathogen of infective endocarditis. | abstract: background: streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus is an important causative agent of infectious endocarditis, while the pathogenicity of this species is widely unclear. to gain insight into the pathomechanisms and the underlying genetic elements for lateral gene transfer, we sequenced the entire genome of this pathogen. results: we sequenced the whole genome of s. gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus strain atcc baa-2069, consisting of a 2,356,444 bp circular dna molecule with a g ... | 2011 | 21824414 |
| the prevalence and genetic diversity of campylobacter spp. in domestic 'backyard' poultry in canterbury, new zealand. | campylobacteriosis is the most commonly notified illness in new zealand. whilst the importance of commercial poultry in campylobacteriosis is well established, little is known about the possible role of chickens kept at home as a direct animal/faecal contact or consumption exposure pathway. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of campylobacter spp. in domestic backyard chicken flocks in the canterbury region of new zealand. poultry faecal samples were colle ... | 2011 | 21824372 |
| distribution of campylobacter jejuni isolates from turkey farms and different stages at slaughter using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and flaa-short variable region sequencing. | the aim of this study was to assess the diversity of thermotolerant campylobacter spp. isolated from turkey flocks at six rearing farms 1-2ôçâweeks prior to slaughter (360 faecal swab samples) and from 11 different stages at the slaughterhouse (636 caecal, environmental, neck skin and meat samples). a total of 121 campylobacter isolates were identified to species level using a multiplex pcr assay and were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and flaa-short variable region (svr) seque ... | 2011 | 21824338 |
| cross-reactive epitopes present in campylobacter jejuni serotypes isolated from enteritis patients. | (full text is available at http://www.manu.edu.mk/prilozi). campylobacter jejuni (c. jejuni) infection frequently triggers autoimmune-mediated neuropathies, especially the guillain-barre syndrome (gbs). the molecular mimicry between the core oligosaccharides of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (lpss) and the human gangliosides presumably results in the production of anti-neural cross-reactive antibodies which are likely to be a contributory factor in the induction and pathogenesis of gbs. the aim o ... | 2011 | 21822182 |
| salicylate functions as an efflux pump inducer and promotes the emergence of fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants in campylobacter jejuni. | salicylate, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compound, has been shown to increase the resistance of campylobacter to antimicrobials. however, the molecular mechanism underlying salicylate-induced resistance has not yet been established. in this study, we determined how salicylate increases antibiotic resistance and evaluated its impact on the development of fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants in campylobacter. transcriptional fusion assay, real time quantitative rt-pcr and immunoblotting assay co ... | 2011 | 21821741 |
| prevalence of foodborne pathogens in grilled chicken from street vendors and retail outlets in reynosa, tamaulipas, mexico. | we analyzed a total of 70 grilled chicken samples bought randomly from street vendors and retail outlets in the city of reynosa, mexico, to determine the prevalence of escherichia coli (shiga toxin producing and enterotoxin producing), salmonella spp., staphylococcus aureus, listeria spp., and campylobacter spp. using microbiological methods and pcr detection of bacterial sequences. of the 70 samples, 27 (38.5%) were from retail outlets and 43 (61.4%) from street vendors. all specimens were nega ... | 2011 | 21819659 |
| quantitative rna-seq analysis of the transcriptome of campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is the most common bacterial cause of food-borne disease in the developed world. its general physiology and biochemistry, as well as the mechanisms enabling it to colonize and cause disease in various hosts, are not well understood, and new approaches are required to understand its basic biology. high-throughput sequencing technologies provide unprecedented opportunities for functional genomic research. recent studies have shown that direct illumina sequencing of cdna (rna-s ... | 2011 | 21816880 |
| a simplified and cost-effective enrichment protocol for the isolation of campylobacter spp. from retail broiler meat without microaerobic incubation. | abstract: background: to simplify the methodology for the isolation of campylobacter spp. from retail broiler meat, we evaluated 108 samples (breasts and thighs) using an unpaired sample design. the enrichment broths were incubated under aerobic conditions (subsamples a) and for comparison under microaerobic conditions (subsamples m) as recommended by current reference protocols. sensors were used to measure the dissolved oxygen (do) in the broth and the percentage of oxygen (o2) in the head spa ... | 2011 | 21812946 |
| exploiting topological constraints to reveal buried sequence motifs in the membrane-bound n-linked oligosaccharyl transferases. | the central enzyme in n-linked glycosylation is the oligosaccharyl transferase (otase), which catalyzes glycan transfer from a polyprenyldiphosphate-linked carrier to select asparagines within acceptor proteins. pglb from campylobacter jejuni is a single-subunit otase with homology to the stt3 subunit of the complex multimeric yeast otase. sequence identity between pglb and stt3 is low (17.9%); however, both have a similar predicted architecture and contain the conserved wwdxg motif. to investig ... | 2011 | 21812456 |
| dogs leaving the icu carry a very large multi-drug resistant enterococcal population with capacity for biofilm formation and horizontal gene transfer. | the enterococcal community from feces of seven dogs treated with antibiotics for 2-9 days in the veterinary intensive care unit (icu) was characterized. both, culture-based approach and culture-independent 16s rdna amplicon 454 pyrosequencing, revealed an abnormally large enterococcal community: 1.4±0.8×10(8) cfu gram(-1) of feces and 48.9±11.5% of the total 16,228 sequences, respectively. the diversity of the overall microbial community was very low which likely reflects a high selective antibi ... | 2011 | 21811613 |
| regulation of oxidative stress response by cosr, an essential response regulator in campylobacter jejuni. | cosr (campylobacteroxidative stress regulator; cj0355c) is an ompr-type response regulator essential for the viability of campylobacter jejuni, a leading foodborne pathogen causing human gastroenteritis worldwide. despite importance, the function of cosr remains completely unknown mainly because of cell death caused by its knockout mutation. to overcome this technical limitation, in this study, antisense technology was used to investigate the regulatory function of cosr by modulating the level o ... | 2011 | 21811584 |
| comparative analyses imply that the enigmatic sigma factor 54 is a central controller of the bacterial exterior. | sigma-54 is a central regulator in many pathogenic bacteria and has been linked to a multitude of cellular processes like nitrogen assimilation and important functional traits such as motility, virulence, and biofilm formation. until now it has remained obscure whether these phenomena and the control by sigma-54 share an underlying theme. | 2011 | 21806785 |
| genome and characterization of phages bcep22 and bcepil02, founders of a novel phage type in burkholderia cenocepacia. | within the burkholderia cepacia complex (bcc), b. cenocepacia is the most common species associated with aggressive infections in the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients, causing disease that is often refractive to treatment by antibiotics. phage therapy may be a potential alternative form of treatment for these infections. here we describe the genome of the previously described therapeutic b. cenocepacia podophage bcepil02 and its close relative, bcep22. phage bcep22 was found to contain a circul ... | 2011 | 21804006 |
| o-linked glycosylation of the pila pilin protein of francisella tularensis: identification of the endogenous protein-targeting oligosaccharyltransferase and characterization of the native oligosaccharide. | findings from a number of studies suggest that the pila pilin proteins may play an important role in the pathogenesis of disease caused by species within the genus francisella. as such, a thorough understanding of pila structure and chemistry is warranted. here, we definitively identified the pgla protein-targeting oligosaccharyltransferase by virtue of its necessity for pila glycosylation in f. tularensis and its sufficiency for pila glycosylation in escherichia coli. in addition, we used mass ... | 2011 | 21804002 |
| glycosylation of dsba in francisella tularensis subspecies tularensis. | in francisella tularensis subspecies tularensis, dsba has been shown to be an essential virulence factor and has been observed to migrate to multiple protein spots in two dimensional electrophoresis gels. in this work, we show that the protein is modified with a 1156 da glycan moiety in o-linkage. mass spectrometry studies suggest the glycan is a hexasaccharide, comprised of n-acetyl hexosamines, hexoses and an unknown monosaccharide. disruption of two genes within the ftt0789-ftt0800 putative p ... | 2011 | 21803994 |
| human siglec-5 and iga have separate binding sites in the streptococcal {beta} protein. | sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (siglecs) are receptors believed to be important for regulation of cellular activation and inflammation. several pathogenic microbes bind specific siglecs via sialic acid-containing structures at the microbial surface, interactions which may result in modulation of host responses. recently, it was shown that the group b streptococcus (gbs) binds to human siglec-5 (hsiglec-5), an inhibitory receptor expressed on macrophages and neutrophils, via the ... | 2011 | 21795693 |
| chepep controls helicobacter pylori infection of the gastric glands and chemotaxis in the epsilonproteobacteria. | abstract microbes use directed motility to colonize harsh and dynamic environments. we discovered that helicobacter pylori strains establish bacterial colonies deep in the gastric glands and identified a novel protein, chepep, necessary to colonize this niche. chepep is preferentially localized to the flagellar pole. although mutants lacking chepep have normal flagellar ultrastructure and are motile, they have a slight defect in swarming ability. by tracking the movement of single bacteria, we f ... | 2011 | 21791582 |
| the vibrio cholerae vctpdgc system transports catechol siderophores and a siderophore-free iron ligand. | vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera, has an absolute requirement for iron. it transports the catechol siderophores vibriobactin, which it synthesizes and secretes, and enterobactin. these siderophores are transported across the inner membrane by one of two periplasmic binding protein-dependent abc transporters, vctpdgc or viupdgc. we show here that one of these inner membrane transport systems, vctpdgc, also promotes iron acquisition in the absence of siderophores. plasmids carrying ... | 2011 | 21790806 |
| mutagenic analysis of the clostridium difficile flagellar proteins, flic and flid, and their contribution to virulence in hamsters. | although toxins a and b are known to be important contributors to the acute phase of clostridium difficile infection (cdi), the role of colonization and adherence to host tissues in the overall pathogenesis of these organisms remains unclear. consequently, we used the recently introduced intron-based clostron gene interruption system to eliminate the expression of two reported c. difficile colonization factors, the major flagellar structural subunit (flic) and the flagellar cap protein (flid), t ... | 2011 | 21788384 |
| campylobacter jejuni dsb gene expression is regulated by iron in a fur-dependent manner and by a translational coupling mechanism. | abstract: background: many bacterial extracytoplasmic proteins are stabilized by intramolecular disulfide bridges that are formed post-translationally between their cysteine residues. this protein modification plays an important role in bacterial pathogenesis, and is facilitated by the dsb (disulfide bond) family of the redox proteins. these proteins function in two parallel pathways in the periplasmic space: an oxidation pathway and an isomerization pathway. the dsb oxidative pathway in campylo ... | 2011 | 21787430 |
| temporal variation and host association in the campylobacter population in a longitudinal ruminant farm study. | campylobacter jejuni and c. coli was quantified and typed using multi-locus sequence typing (mlst) from fecal samples collected from a mixed cattle and sheep farm during summer. cattle had a significantly higher prevalence than sheep (21.9 % (74/338) and 14.0 % (30/214), respectively) but both reduced over time. there were no differences in the average campylobacter concentrations shed between cattle (600 cfu g(-1)) and sheep (820 cfu g(-1)), although sheep did show a significant temporal reduct ... | 2011 | 21784915 |
| [antimicrobial activity of bacteriocin s760 produced by enterococcus faecium strain lwp760]. | antimicrobial activity of bacteriocin s760 (enterocin) produced by enterococcusfaecium strain lwp760 was studied. bacteriocin s760 is a cationic, hydrophobic, and heat stable peptide with the molecular weight of 5.5 kda and pl of 9.8. enterocin s760 is shown to inhibit in vitro the growth both of sensitive and resistant to antibacterials gramnegative and grampositive bacteria of 25 species. mics of the bacteriocin s760 vary between 0.05-1.6 mg/l for escherichia coli 0157:h117, salmonella typhimu ... | 2011 | 21780664 |
| genotypic characterisation and cluster analysis of campylobacter jejuni isolates from domestic pets, human clinical cases and retail food. | abstract: the genetic similarity of campylobacter jejuni isolates from pets, compared to human clinical cases and retail food isolates collected in ireland over 2001-2006 was investigated by cluster analysis of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) fingerprinting profiles. comparison of the pfge profiles of 60 pet isolates and 109 human isolates revealed that seven (4.1%) profiles were grouped in clusters including at least one human and one pet c. jejuni isolate. in total six (1.6%) of 60 pet ... | 2011 | 21777493 |
| evaluation and verification of the seeplex(r) diarrhea-v ace assay for the simultaneous detection of adenovirus, rotavirus and norovirus genogroups i and ii in clinical stool specimens. | acute viral gastroenteritis is an intestinal infection that can be caused by several different viruses. here we describe the evaluation and verification of seeplex® diarrhea-v ace (seeplex® dv), a novel commercial multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assay that detects 5 diarrheal pathogens including adenovirus, rotavirus, norovirus genogroup i (gi) and gii and astrovirus. we describe a retrospective study of 200 clinical specimens of which 177 were stool specimens ... | 2011 | 21775550 |
| [ interaction of bdellovibrio bacteriovorus with campylobacter jejuni and helicobacter pylori ]. | 2010 | 21774160 | |
| salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium colonizing the lumen of the chicken intestine are growing slowly and up-regulate a unique set of virulence and metabolism genes. | the pattern of global gene expression of s. typhimurium harvested from the chicken intestinal lumen (ceca) was compared with those of a late log lb broth culture using a whole genome microarray. levels of transcription, translation and cell division in vivo were lower than in vitro. s. typhimurium appeared to be using carbon sources such as propionate, 1,2-propanediol and ethanolamine in addition to melibiose and ascorbate, the latter possibly transformed to d-xylulose. amino acid starvation app ... | 2011 | 21768276 |
| l-isoleucine-supplemented oral rehydration solution in the treatment of acute diarrhoea in children: a randomized controlled trial. | antimicrobial peptides represent an important component of the innate immune defenses of living organisms, including humans. they are broad-spectrum surface-acting agents secreted by the epithelial cells of the body in response to infection. recently, l-isoleucine and its analogues have been found to induce antimicrobial peptides. the objectives of the study were to examine if addition of l-isoleucine to oral rehydration salts (ors) solution would reduce stool output and/or duration of acute dia ... | 2011 | 21766553 |
| rifaximin for the treatment of acute infectious diarrhea. | rifaximin is a nonabsorbable rifamycin derivative with an excellent safety profile and a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against a variety of enteropathogens causing acute infectious diarrhea. after oral ingestion, its bioavailability is known to be less than 0.4%, and it has a low potential for significant drug interactions. in the treatment of travelers' diarrhea caused by noninvasive diarrheagenic escherichia coli, it has been demonstrated that rifaximin significantly shortens the du ... | 2011 | 21765867 |
| leaching of human pathogens in repacked soil lysimeters and contamination of potato tubers under subsurface drip irrigation in denmark. | the risk for contamination of potatoes and groundwater through subsurface drip irrigation with low quality water was explored in 30 large-scale lysimeters containing repacked coarse sand and sandy loam soils. the human pathogens, salmonella senftenberg, campylobacter jejuni and escherichia coli o157:h7, and the virus indicator salmonella typhimurium bacteriophage 28b, were added weekly through irrigation tubes for one month with low irrigation rates (8 mm per week). in the following six months l ... | 2011 | 21762945 |
| high incidence of guillain-barre syndrome in children, bangladesh. | to the editor: bangladesh has achieved remarkable success in its drive to eliminate poliomyelitis; no case has been reported from that country since 2000. still, the nonpolio incidence rate of acute flaccid paralysis (afp) in bangladesh is 3.25 cases per 100,000 children *lt;15 years of age (1). guillain-barre syndrome (gbs), an acute polyradiculoneuropathy, is the most frequent cause of afp (2). gbs in bangladesh is frequently preceded by an enteric infection caused by campylobacter jejuni (3). ... | 2011 | 21762603 |
| melioidosis in birds and burkholderia pseudomallei dispersal, australia. | to the editor: melioidosis is an emerging infectious disease of humans and animals caused by the gram-negative bacterium burkholderia pseudomallei, which inhabits soil and surface water in the disease-endemic regions of southeast asia and northern australia (1). the aim of this study was to assess the potential for birds to spread b. pseudomallei. birds are known carriers of various human pathogens, including influenza viruses, west nile virus, campylobacter jejuni, and antimicrobial drug-resist ... | 2011 | 21762599 |
| niche segregation and genetic structure of campylobacter jejuni populations from wild and agricultural host species. | bacterial populations can display high levels of genetic structuring but the forces that influence this are incompletely understood. here, by combining modelling approaches with multilocus sequence data for the zoonotic pathogen campylobacter, we investigated how ecological factors such as niche (host) separation relate to population structure. we analysed seven housekeeping genes from published c. jejuni and c. coli isolate collections from a range of food and wild animal sources as well as abi ... | 2011 | 21762392 |
| chemotactic behavior of campylobacter spp. in function of different temperatures (37 °c and 42 °c). | the chemotactic behaviour of campylobacter strains was determined in the presence of different amino acids at two temperatures (37 °c and 42 °c). two strains of catalase positive (campylobacter jejuni) and negative (campylobacter sputurum) campylobacter were isolated from river water in tonekabon, iran and identified by phenotyping and 16srrna gene sequencing methods. chemotactic responses of the isolates were assessed toward a variety of amino acids viz., l-cystine, l-asparagine, l-histidine, l ... | 2011 | 21757020 |
| marked campylobacteriosis decline after interventions aimed at poultry, new zealand. | beginning in the 1980s, new zealand experienced rising annual rates of campylobacteriosis that peaked in 2006. we analyzed notification, hospitalization, and other data to explore the 2007-2008 drop in campylobacteriosis incidence. source attribution techniques based on genotyping of campylobacter jejuni isolates from patients and environmental sources were also used to examine the decline. in 2008, the annual campylobacteriosis notification rate was 161.5/100,000 population, representing a 54% ... | 2011 | 21749761 |
| systemic response to campylobacter jejuni infection by profiling gene transcription in the spleens of two genetic lines of chickens. | campylobacter jejuni (c. jejuni) is a leading cause of human bacterial enteritis worldwide with poultry products being a major source of c. jejuni contamination. the chicken is the natural reservoir of c. jejuni where bacteria colonize the digestive tract of poultry, but rarely cause symptoms of disease. to understand the systemic molecular response mechanisms to c. jejuni infection in chickens, total splenic rna was isolated and applied to a whole genome chicken microarray for comparison betwee ... | 2011 | 21748442 |
| kiss and run - phosphoglycerol modifications of n. meningitidis pili mediate detachment. | 2011 | 21747798 | |
| a comparative genomic analysis of energy metabolism in sulfate reducing bacteria and archaea. | the number of sequenced genomes of sulfate reducing organisms (sro) has increased significantly in the recent years, providing an opportunity for a broader perspective into their energy metabolism. in this work we carried out a comparative survey of energy metabolism genes found in 25 available genomes of sro. this analysis revealed a higher diversity of possible energy conserving pathways than classically considered to be present in these organisms, and permitted the identification of new prote ... | 2011 | 21747791 |
| the thermoacidophilic archaeon sulfolobus acidocaldarius contains an unsually short, highly reduced dolichyl phosphate. | polyprenoids, polymers containing varied numbers of isoprene subunits, serve numerous roles in biology. in eukarya, dolichyl phosphate, a phosphorylated polyprenol bearing a saturated a-end isoprene subunit, serves as the glycan carrier during n-glycosylation, namely that post-translational modification whereby glycans are covalently linked to select asparagine residues of a target protein. as in eukarya, n-glycosylation in archaea also relies on phosphorylated dolichol. in this report, lc-esi/m ... | 2011 | 21745590 |
| distribution of flagella secreted protein and integral membrane protein among campylobacter jejuni isolated from thailand. | abstract: | 2011 | 21745410 |
| comparison of intravenous immunoglobulin and plasma exchange in treatment of mechanically ventilated children with guillain barré syndrome: a randomized study. | respiratory failure is a life threatening complication of guillain barré syndrome (gbs). there is no consensus on the specific treatment for this subset of children with gbs. | 2011 | 21745374 |
| transmission of multiple resistant salmonella concord from internationally adopted children to their adoptive families and social environment: proposition of guidelines. | since 2004, an increasing number of multidrug-resistant salmonella serovar concord infections have been isolated in belgium among children adopted from ethiopia. the patients or their family were interviewed and the isolates were subtyped. between 2004 and 2009, a total of 39 salmonella concord infections were isolated from patients. thirty-four isolates presented a multidrug resistance including resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins. thirty-six cases involved children and 30 of these w ... | 2011 | 21744280 |
| transmission of multiple resistant salmonella concord from internationally adopted children to their adoptive families and social environment: proposition of guidelines. | since 2004, an increasing number of multidrug-resistant salmonella serovar concord infections have been isolated in belgium among children adopted from ethiopia. the patients or their family were interviewed and the isolates were subtyped. between 2004 and 2009, a total of 39 salmonella concord infections were isolated from patients. thirty-four isolates presented a multidrug resistance including resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins. thirty-six cases involved children and 30 of these w ... | 2011 | 21744280 |
| lymphoid proliferations of indeterminate malignant potential arising in adults with common variable immunodeficiency disorders: unusual case studies and immunohistological review in the light of possible causative events. | patients with common variable immunodeficiency disorders (cvids) who developed b cell lymphoproliferation of indeterminate malignant potential are described in order to raise a discussion of the relationship between infection and lymphoproliferation in infection prone patients. those with cvid are at risk of developing either polyclonal or monoclonal lymphoproliferation in part due to the dysregulation of their adaptive immune systems. the aetiologies of the lymphoproliferations are unknown but ... | 2011 | 21744182 |
| plants versus pathogens: an evolutionary arms race. | the analysis of plant-pathogen interactions is a rapidly moving research field and one that is very important for productive agricultural systems. the focus of this review is on the evolution of plant defence responses and the coevolution of their pathogens, primarily from a molecular-genetic perspective. it explores the evolution of the major types of plant defence responses including pathogen associated molecular patterns and effector triggered immunity as well as the forces driving pathogen e ... | 2010 | 21743794 |
| Transcriptional Profiling of the Iron Starvation Response in Bordetella pertussis Provides New Insights into Siderophore Utilization and Virulence Gene Expression. | Serological studies of patients with pertussis and the identification of antigenic Bordetella pertussis proteins support the hypothesis that B. pertussis perceives an iron starvation cue and expresses multiple iron source utilization systems in its natural human host environment. Furthermore, previous studies using a murine respiratory tract infection model showed that several of these B. pertussis iron systems are required for colonization and persistence and are differentially expressed over t ... | 2011 | 21742863 |
| comparison of campylobacter jejuni isolates from human, food, veterinary and environmental sources in iceland using pfge, mlst and fla-svr sequencing. | campylobacter jejuni isolates from various sources in iceland were genotyped with the aim of assessing the genetic diversity, population structure, source distribution and campylobacter transmission routes to humans. | 2011 | 21740489 |
| detection of campylobacter concisus and other campylobacter species in colonic biopsies from adults with ulcerative colitis. | the critical role of bacteria in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (uc) is well recognized, but an individual causative microorganism has not been singled out so far. campylobacter concisus and other non-jejuni species of campylobacter have been implicated as putative aetiological agents in inflammatory bowel disease in children, but such studies have not been addressed in adults. this study investigated the prevalence of campylobacter species in colonic biopsy samples from adults with uc a ... | 2011 | 21738679 |
| analysis of glycosylation motifs and glycosyltransferases in bacteria and archaea. | the process of glycosylation has been studied extensively in prokaryotes but many questions still remain unanswered. glycosyltransferase is the enzyme which mediates glycosylation and has its preference for the target glycosylation sites as well as for the type of glycosylation i.e. n-linked and o-linked glycosylation. in this study we carried out the bioinformatics analysis of one of the key enzymes of pgl locus from campylobacter jejuni, known as pglb, which is distributed widely in bacteria a ... | 2011 | 21738312 |
| mannose-6-phosphate regulates destruction of lipid-linked oligosaccharides. | mannose-6-phosphate (m6p) is an essential precursor for mannosyl glycoconjugates, including lipid-linked oligosaccharides (llo; glucose(3)mannose(9)glcnac(2)-p-p-dolichol) used for protein n-glycosylation. in permeabilized mammalian cells, m6p also causes specific llo cleavage. however, the context and purpose of this paradoxical reaction are unknown. in this study, we used intact mouse embryonic fibroblasts to show that endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress elevates m6p concentrations, leading to c ... | 2011 | 21737679 |
| bacteria as trigger for chronic gastrointestinal disorders. | apart from acute infections, microorganisms may also induce or perpetuate chronic inflammatory diseases and reversible or irreversible proliferation of various cells in the gastrointestinal tract (the extreme being adenocarcinoma and lymphoma). helicobacter pylori is not only involved in the pathogenesis of lymphoma and gastric adenocarcinoma. the steps and mechanisms of the carcinogenic process involve host predisposition, environmental factors, and strain virulence. the steps of lymphoma genes ... | 2011 | 21734380 |
| Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin: A Model for Protein N-Glycosylation in Recombinant Escherichia coli. | Background: The hemagglutinin molecule of influenza virus is considered as an ideal model to study biological processes as well as the effect of glycosylation on the function of glycoproteins. Objectives: The large subunit of the influenza virus A/New Caledonia/20/99 (H1N1) hemagglutinin (HA1) was expressed in recombinant Escherichia coli containing the glycosylation system of Campylobacter jejuni. This viral glycoprotein contains glycosylation motifs recognized by prokaryotic and eukaryotic oli ... | 2011 | 21734350 |
| structural and functional insights into dr2231 protein, the mazg-like nucleoside triphosphate pyrophosphohydrolase from deinococcus radiodurans. | deinococcus radiodurans is among the very few bacterial species extremely resistant to ionizing radiation, uv light, oxidizing agents, and cycles of prolonged desiccation. the proteome of d. radiodurans reflects the evolutionary pressure exerted by chronic exposure to (nonradioactive) forms of dna and protein damage. a clear example of this adaptation is the overrepresentation of protein families involved in the removal of non-canonical nucleoside triphosphates (ntps) whose incorporation into na ... | 2011 | 21733847 |
| transfer, viability and colonisation of campylobacter jejuni in the chicken vitellus and in embryos. | 1. the objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of campylobacter jejuni to penetrate and colonise eggs from specific-pathogen-free (spf) and heavy breeder hens, and to determine its effects on the viability of spf embryos. 2. we detected c. jejuni in 10% of breeder hens and 20% of spf eggs, which demonstrates the ability of the bacteria to go through the pores of eggs and contaminate the vitellus after 3ôçëh of contact. these results indicate that there is a risk of contamination unde ... | 2011 | 21732872 |
| genetic and molecular characterization of flagellar assembly in shewanella oneidensis. | shewanella oneidensis is a highly motile organism by virtue of a polar flagellum. unlike most flagellated bacteria, it contains only one major chromosome segment encoding the components of the flagellum with the exception of the motor proteins. in this region, three genes encode flagellinsaccording to the original genome annotation. however, we find that only flaa and flab encode functional filament subunits. although these two genesare under the control of different promoters, they are actively ... | 2011 | 21731763 |
| por secretion system-dependent secretion and glycosylation of porphyromonas gingivalis hemin-binding protein 35. | the anaerobic gram-negative bacterium porphyromonas gingivalis is a major pathogen in severe forms of periodontal disease and refractory periapical perodontitis. we have recently found that p. gingivalis has a novel secretion system named the por secretion system (porss), which is responsible for secretion of major extracellular proteinases, arg-gingipains (rgps) and lys-gingipain. these proteinases contain conserved c-terminal domains (ctds) in their c-termini. hemin-binding protein 35 (hbp35), ... | 2011 | 21731719 |
| The utility of high-resolution melting analysis of SNP nucleated PCR amplicons--an MLST based Staphylococcus aureus typing scheme. | High resolution melting (HRM) analysis is gaining prominence as a method for discriminating DNA sequence variants. Its advantage is that it is performed in a real-time PCR device, and the PCR amplification and HRM analysis are closed tube, and effectively single step. We have developed an HRM-based method for Staphylococcus aureus genotyping. Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were derived from the S. aureus multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) database on the basis of maximized Simpson' ... | 2011 | 21731606 |
| helicobacter pylori eradication by sitafloxacin-lansoprazole combination and sitafloxacin pharmacokinetics in mongolian gerbils and its in vitro activity and resistance development. | a total of 293 strains of helicobacter pylori, including strains resistant to levofloxacin, clarithromycin, metronidazole, or amoxicillin, were examined for in vitro susceptibility to 10 antimicrobial agents. among these agents, sitafloxacin (a fluoroquinolone) showed the greatest activity (mic(90), 0.06 ++g/ml), with high bactericidal activity and synergy in sitafloxacin-lansoprazole (a proton pump inhibitor) combination. in a mongolian gerbil model with a h. pylori atcc 43504 challenge, marked ... | 2011 | 21730117 |
| cholesterol depletion reduces entry of campylobacter jejuni cytolethal distending toxin and attenuates intoxication of host cells. | campylobacter jejuni is a common cause of pediatric diarrhea worldwide. cytolethal distending toxin, produced by campylobacter jejuni, is a putative virulence factor that induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in eukaryotic cells. cellular cholesterol, a major component of lipid rafts, has a pivotal role in regulating signaling transduction and protein trafficking as well as pathogen internalization. in this study, we demonstrated that cell intoxication by campylobacter jejuni cytolethal disten ... | 2011 | 21730089 |
| chemoenzymatic synthesis of biotin-appended analogues of gangliosides gm2, gm1, gd1a and galnac-gd1a for solid-phase applications and improved elisa tests. | biotinylated analogues of gangliosides gm2, gm1, gd1a and galnac-gd1a were synthesized in high yields using glycosyltransferases from campylobacter jejuni. the presence of a biotin moiety in the aglycone part of these mimics allows for attachment of these materials onto various streptavidin-coated surfaces. analysis of the interaction of biotin-appended gm1 with the b subunit of escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin performed in a modified elisa procedure shows the potential of this compound ... | 2011 | 21727969 |
| genomic and metabolic profiling of nonulosonic acids in vibrionaceae reveal biochemical phenotypes of allelic divergence in vibrio vulnificus. | nonulosonic acids (nulos) encompass a large group of structurally diverse nine-carbon backbone +¦-keto sugars widely distributed among the three domains of life. mammals express a specialized version of nulos called sialic acids, which are displayed in prominent terminal positions of cell surface and secreted glycoconjugates. within bacteria, the ability to synthesize nulos has been demonstrated in a number of human pathogens and is phylogenetically widespread. here we examine the distribution, ... | 2011 | 21724895 |
| hygienic quality and antibiotic resistance profile of sliced butchery. | in order to investigate the microbiological quality of different meat products on the greek market, 200 samples were collected from the following preparations: boiled turkey (n=50), boiled pork ham (n=50), smoked turkey (n=50) and smoked pork ham (n=50). in all cold meat preparations clostridium perfringens vegetative and spore forms, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and other clostridium sp lec(-), as well as lactobacillus, bacillus sp. and salmonella sp. were recovered. for instance bac ... | 2011 | 21722746 |
| Genetic comparison of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from different cattle farms. | To compare the genotypes of Campylobacter jejuni, isolates of cattle origin were collected from 9 Polish farms and genotyped by ERIC-PCR. We identified 28 genotypes among the 43 C. jejuni isolates, and demonstrated high genomic diversity. The highest level of diversity was observed in strains isolated from stanchion-barn animals in opposition to those from the loose-housing system. | 2011 | 21721414 |
| Occurrence of virulence genes among Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates from domestic animals and children. | The presence of the flaA, cadF, cdtB and iam genes of Campylobacter spp. was determined with the PCR method. The materials to investigate were 56 C. jejuni and 23 C. coli strains isolated from clinical samples (children and domestic animals). It was found that all of the Campylobacter spp. isolates from children with diarrhoea and domestic animals had cadF gene, responsible for adherence. The flaA gene was present in all Campylobacter spp. isolates derived from children and cats. Occurrence of f ... | 2011 | 21721403 |
| a ccd-based fluorescence imaging system for real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification-based rapid and sensitive detection of waterborne pathogens on microchips. | rapid, sensitive, and low-cost pathogen diagnostic systems are needed for early disease diagnosis and treatment, especially in resource-limited settings. this study reports a low-cost charge-coupled device (ccd)-based fluorescence imaging system for rapid detection of waterborne pathogens by isothermal gene amplification in disposable microchips. fluorescence imaging capability of this monochromatic ccd camera is evaluated by optimizing the gain, offset, and exposure time. this imaging system is ... | 2011 | 21720851 |
| prevalence of campylobacter in wild birds of the mid-atlantic region, usa. | we evaluated the occurrence of three campylobacter species--c. jejuni, c. coli, and c. lari--from 333 wild bird fecal samples collected at tri-state bird rescue and research in newark, delaware, in 2008. using multiplex polymerase chain reaction, we detected c. jejuni from six avian families with an overall prevalence rate of 7.2%. we did not detect any other campylobacter species. campylobacter jejuni prevalence ranged widely between different avian families with crows (corvidae) and gulls (lar ... | 2011 | 21719846 |
| [campylobacter jejuni spondylodiscitis.] | 2011 | 21719222 | |
| cryptosporidium and giardia associated with reduced lamb carcase productivity. | on two extensive sheep farms in southern western australia, 111 (farm a) and 124 (farm b) female crossbred lambs (2-6 weeks old) were randomly selected and individually identified using ear tags (a numbered tag and radio-frequency tag) at marking. on five separate occasions, faecal samples were collected and live weight, body condition score (bcs), faecal consistency score (fcs), breech fleece faecal soiling score and faecal dry matter percentage (dm%) were recorded. lamb hot carcase weight (hcw ... | 2011 | 21719199 |
| diarrhoea in adults (acute). | an estimated 4.6 billion cases of diarrhoea occurred worldwide in 2004, resulting in 2.2 million deaths. | 2011 | 21718555 |
| colonization factors of campylobacter jejuni in the chicken gut. | abstract: campylobacter contaminated broiler chicken meat is an important source of foodborne gastroenteritis and poses a serious health burden in industrialized countries. broiler chickens are commonly regarded as a natural host for this zoonotic pathogen and infected birds carry a very high c. jejuni load in their gastrointestinal tract, especially the ceca. this eventually results in contaminated carcasses during processing. current intervention methods fail to reduce the colonization of broi ... | 2011 | 21714866 |
| general metabolism of laribacter hongkongensis: a genome-wide analysis. | 2011 | 21711917 | |
| characterization of the dehydratase wcbk and the reductase wcag involved in gdp-6-deoxy-manno-heptose biosynthesis in campylobacter jejuni. | the capsule of campylobacter jejuni strain 81-176 comprises the unusual 6-deoxy-alpha-d-altro-heptose, whose biosynthesis and function are not known. in this work, we characterized enzymes of the capsular cluster, wcbk and wcag, to determine their role in 6-deoxy-altro-heptose synthesis. these enzymes are similar to the yersinia pseudotuberculosis gdp-manno-heptose dehydratase/reductase dmha/dmhb, that we characterized previously. capillary electrophoresis and mass spectrometry analyses showed t ... | 2011 | 21711244 |
| context-dependent activation kinetics elicited by soluble versus outer membrane vesicle-associated heat-labile enterotoxin. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) is the leading cause of traveler's diarrhea and children's diarrhea worldwide. among its virulence factors, etec produces heat-labile enterotoxin (lt). most secreted lt is associated with outer membrane vesicles that are rich in lipopolysaccharide. the majority of prior studies have focused on soluble lt purified from etec periplasm. we investigated the hypothesis that the extracellular vesicle context of toxin presentation might be important in eliciting ... | 2011 | 21708992 |
| longitudinal study of infectious intestinal disease in the uk (iid2 study): incidence in the community and presenting to general practice. | objectives to estimate, overall and by organism, the incidence of infectious intestinal disease (iid) in the community, presenting to general practice (gp) and reported to national surveillance. design prospective, community cohort study and prospective study of gp presentation conducted between april 2008 and august 2009. setting eighty-eight gps across the uk recruited from the medical research council general practice research framework and the primary care research networks. participants 683 ... | 2011 | 21708822 |
| longitudinal study of infectious intestinal disease in the uk (iid2 study): incidence in the community and presenting to general practice. | objectives to estimate, overall and by organism, the incidence of infectious intestinal disease (iid) in the community, presenting to general practice (gp) and reported to national surveillance. design prospective, community cohort study and prospective study of gp presentation conducted between april 2008 and august 2009. setting eighty-eight gps across the uk recruited from the medical research council general practice research framework and the primary care research networks. participants 683 ... | 2011 | 21708822 |
| life, death, and in-between: meanings and methods in microbiology. | determination of microbial viability by the plate count method is routine in microbiology laboratories worldwide. however, limitations of the technique, particularly with respect to environmental microorganisms, are widely recognized. many alternatives based upon viability staining have been proposed, and these are often combined with techniques such as image analysis and flow cytometry. the plethora of choices, however, adds to confusion when selecting a method. commercial staining kits aim to ... | 2011 | 21705550 |
| critical appraisal of irrational drug combinations: a call for awareness in undergraduate medical students. | 2011 | 21701649 | |
| sirt1 and sirt3 deacetylate homologous substrates: acecs1,2 and hmgcs1,2. | sirt1 and sirt3 are nad+-dependent protein deacetylases that are evolutionarily conserved across mammals. these proteins are located in the cytoplasm/nucleus and mitochondria, respectively. previous reports demonstrated that human sirt1 deacetylates acetyl-coa synthase 1 (acecs1) in the cytoplasm, whereas sirt3 deacetylates the homologous acetyl-coa synthase 2 (acecs2) in the mitochondria. we recently showed that 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coa synthase 2 (hmgcs2) is deacetylated by sirt3 in mito ... | 2011 | 21701047 |
| novel murine infection models provide deep insights into the "m+®nage +á trois" of campylobacter jejuni, microbiota and host innate immunity. | although campylobacter jejuni-infections have a high prevalence worldwide and represent a significant socioeconomic burden, it is still not well understood how c. jejuni causes intestinal inflammation. detailed investigation of c. jejuni-mediated intestinal immunopathology is hampered by the lack of appropriate vertebrate models. in particular, mice display colonization resistance against this pathogen. | 2011 | 21698299 |
| campylobacter jejuni group iii phage cp81 contains many t4-like genes without belonging to the t4-type phage group: implications for the evolution of t4 phages. | cp81 is a virulent campylobacter group iii phage whose linear genome comprises 132,454 bp. at the nucleotide level, cp81 differs from other phages. however, a number of its structural and replication/recombination proteins revealed a relationship to the group ii campylobacter phages cp220/cpt10 and to t4-type phages. unlike the t4-related phages, the cp81 genome does not contain conserved replication and virion modules. instead, the respective genes are scattered throughout the phage genome. mor ... | 2011 | 21697478 |
| rapid genoserotyping tool for classification of salmonella serovars. | we have developed a salmonella genoserotyping array (sgsa) which rapidly generates an antigenic formula consistent with the white-kauffmann-le minor scheme, currently the gold standard for salmonella serotyping. a set of 287 strains representative of 133 salmonella serovars was assembled to validate the array and to test the array probes for accuracy, specificity, and reproducibility. initially, 76 known serovars were utilized to validate the specificity and repeatability of the array probes and ... | 2011 | 21697324 |
| crystal structure of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (crispr)-associated csn2 protein revealed ca2+-dependent double-stranded dna binding activity. | clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (crispr) and their associated protein genes (cas genes) are widespread in bacteria and archaea. they form a line of rna-based immunity to eradicate invading bacteriophages and malicious plasmids. a key molecular event during this process is the acquisition of new spacers into the crispr loci to guide the selective degradation of the matching foreign genetic elements. csn2 is a nmeni subtype-specific cas gene required for new spacer acquis ... | 2011 | 21697083 |
| screening for antecedent campylobacter jejuni infections and anti-ganglioside antibodies in idiopathic neuralgic amyotrophy. | 2011 | 21692917 | |
| xenobiotic efflux in bacteria and fungi: a genomics update. | 2011 | 21692371 | |
| efflux pumps of the resistance-nodulation-division family: a perspective of their structure, function, and regulation in gram-negative bacteria. | 2011 | 21692368 | |
| structure and mechanism of rnd-type multidrug efflux pumps. | 2011 | 21692366 |