Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| land application of sugar beet by-products: effects on nitrogen mineralization and crop yields. | land application of food processing wastes has become an acceptable practice because of the nutrient value of the wastes and potential cost savings in their disposal. spoiled beets and pulp are among the main by-products generated by the sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) processing industry. farmers commonly land apply these by-products at rates >224 mg ha(-1) on a fresh weight basis. however, information on nutrient release in soils treated with these by-products and their subsequent impacts on cro ... | 2013 | 19141822 |
| agriculture and the new challenges for photosynthesis research. | a rising human population and changing patterns of land use mean that world food production rates will need to be increased by at least 50% by 2050, a massive rise in harvestable yield per hectare of the major crops such as rice (oryza sativa) and wheat (triticum aestivum). combinations of breeding for improved morphology-related traits such as harvest index and increased inputs of water and fertilizer, which have sustained yield increases since the 1960s, will be neither sufficient nor sustaina ... | 2009 | 19140947 |
| water deficits in wheat: fructan exohydrolase (1-feh) mrna expression and relationship to soluble carbohydrate concentrations in two varieties. | terminal drought is a risk for wheat production in many parts of the world. robust physiological traits for resilience would enhance the preselection of breeding lines in drought-prone areas. three pot experiments were undertaken to characterize stem water-solublecarbohydrate (wsc), fructan exohydrolase expression, grain filling and leaf gas exchange in wheat (triticum aestivum) varieties, kauz and westonia, which are considered to be drought-tolerant.water deficit accelerated the remobilization ... | 2009 | 19140945 |
| [the alien genetic variability for amelioration of wheat grain quality characteristics]. | the alien germplasm presented by different wild wheat relatives such as ae. umbellulata (uu, 2n = 14), ae. cylindrica (ccdd, 2n = 28), ae. tauschii (dd, 2n = 14), ae. ventricosa (ddunun, 2n = 28), ae. variabilis (uuss, 2n = 28), t. palmovae (aadd, 2n = 28) was involved into interspecific crosses with t. aestivum to produce transfers of exotic gli/glu-alleles to cultivated bread wheat varieties. the array of novel exotic gli/glu-alleles was introduced into cultivated wheat genome. considerable ne ... | 2015 | 19140427 |
| immunoblot quantification of three classes of proteinaceous xylanase inhibitors in different wheat ( triticum aestivum ) cultivars and milling fractions. | in wheat ( triticum aestivum ) grains, taxi- (t. aestivum xylanase inhibitor), xip- (xylanase inhibiting protein), and tlxi-type (thaumatin-like xylanase inhibitor) xylanase inhibitors (xis) are expressed in considerable levels and under different forms. as these proteins have a significant impact on microbial xylanases frequently used in cereal-based biotechnological processes, knowledge of their quantitative and qualitative variability in wheat is of great interest. this paper reports the succ ... | 2009 | 19138080 |
| [cdcl2-induced morphogenetic variation of triticum aestivum cultivars]. | the effect cadmium chloride on released local cultivars of soft spring wheat (triticum aestivum) has been studied under laboratory and field conditions in order to widen the variation spectrum of this plant. it has been found that treatment of grains with a 0.01% aqueous solution of cdcl2 induces the appearance of tall, strong plants with productive bushiness in the m1 generation that are characterized by various morphological changes: elongated ears, scales, and grains; increased number of grai ... | 2008 | 19137733 |
| a high molecular weight polypeptide cross-reacting with the antibodies to the dynein heavy chain localizes to the subset of golgi complex in higher plant cells. | antibodies were produced against fragments of the microtubule-binding domain and the motor domain of the dynein heavy chain from dictyostelium discoideum to probe whole cell extracts of root meristem cells of wheat triticum aestivum. in plant extracts, these antibodies cross-reacted with a polypeptide of high molecular weight (>500kda). the antibodies bound to protein a-sepharose precipitated high molecular weight polypeptide from cell extracts. immunofluorescence showed that the antibodies iden ... | 2009 | 19135538 |
| a molecular marker closely linked to the region of rht-d1c and ms2 genes in common wheat (triticum aestivum). | a male sterile wheat mutant, triticum aestivum l. 'taigu', was found in a wheat field in china in 1972. the male sterility was controlled by a single dominant gene that was referred to as ms2. recently, this gene was found to be linked to a dwarfing gene through crossing taigu with the short wheat t. aestivum 'ai-bian 1' carrying the dwarfing gene rht-d1c. the objective of this study was to develop molecular markers linked to the male sterility ms2 gene in common wheat. one hundred and twenty-tw ... | 2009 | 19132076 |
| a quantitative genomic imbalance gene expression assay in a hexaploid species: wheat (triticum aestivum). | responses to allopolyploidy include unequal expression of duplicated genes, gene silencing, and sometimes genomic rearrangements. in plants, the relationship between allelic expression differences arising from changes in regulatory regions and the resulting phenotype is poorly understood because of the complexity of their genomes and lack of efficient methodology to identify regulatory variation. identifying functionally important regulatory variation in crops such as hexaploid wheat (triticum a ... | 2009 | 19132075 |
| genetic loci associated with stem elongation and winter dormancy release in wheat. | in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.), the stem begins to elongate after the vernalization requirement is satisfied during winter and when favorable temperature and photoperiod conditions are attained in spring. in this study, we precisely measured elongation of the first extended internode on 96 recombinant inbred lines of a population that was generated from a cross between two winter wheat cultivars, jagger (early stem elongation) and 2174 (late stem elongation). we mapped a major locus for ... | 2009 | 19130033 |
| chloroplastic glutamine synthetase is activated by direct binding of aluminium. | acidification of soils may release water soluble, toxic aluminium species from clay minerals. al interferes with a wide range of physical and cellular processes. glutamine synthetase (gs, ec 6.3.1.2) is the key enzyme of primary n assimilation, as well as ammonia reassimilation and detoxification. plant gs requires two magnesium ions per subunit for activity, which makes gs a potential target of metal stress. the objective of this investigation was to prove that al from an organic metal complex ... | 2009 | 19121098 |
| identification of differential gene expression for kr1 gene in bread wheat using annealing control primer system. | intergeneric hybridization is an important strategy to introgress alien genes into common wheat for its improvement. but presence of cross ability barrier mechanism regulated by kr1 gene played a major destructive role for hybridization than other reported genes. in order to know the underlying molecular mechanism and to dissect out this barrier, a new annealing system, acp (anneling control primer) system was used in chromosome 5b (containing kr1 gene) specific recombinant inbred line (ril) pop ... | 2009 | 19105046 |
| a catalogue of triticum monococcum genes encoding toxic and immunogenic peptides for celiac disease patients. | the celiac disease (cd) is an inflammatory condition characterized by injury to the lining of the small-intestine on exposure to the gluten of wheat, barley and rye. the involvement of gluten in the cd syndrome has been studied in detail in bread wheat, where a set of "toxic" and "immunogenic" peptides has been defined. for wheat diploid species, information on cd epitopes is poor. in the present paper, we have adopted a genomic approach in order to understand the potential cd danger represented ... | 2009 | 19104838 |
| nonadditive expression of homoeologous genes is established upon polyploidization in hexaploid wheat. | effects of polyploidy in allohexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) have primarily been ascribed to increases in coding sequence variation and potential to acquire new gene functions through mutation of redundant loci. however, regulatory variation that arises through new promoter and transcription factor combinations or epigenetic events may also contribute to the effects of polyploidization. in this study, gene expression was characterized in a synthetic t. aestivum line and the t. turgidum an ... | 2009 | 19104075 |
| molecular characterization of lmw-gs genes from a somatic hybrid introgression line ii-12 between triticum aestivum and agropyron elongatum in relation to quick evolution. | in order to exploit the evolution and find novel low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs) for improvement of common wheat quality, thirteen variants from a somatic hybrid introgression line ii-12 between triticum aestivum cv. jinan 177 (jn177) and agropyron elongatum were characterized via genomic pcr. four clones were pseudogenes because they contained an internal stop codon. the remaining nine variants contained intact open reading frames (orfs). sequence alignment indicates that the pro ... | 2008 | 19103430 |
| growth indices of winter wheat as affected by irrigation regimes under iran conditions. | an experiment was conducted during 2004-2006 at the agricultural research station, islamic azad university, khorasgan branch, isfahan, iran. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation regimes on growth indices of three bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes. a split plot layout with a randomized complete block design with four replications was used. irrigation treatments (irrigation after 70 (i1), 90 (i2) and 110 (i3) mm cumulative evaporation from class a evaporat ... | 2007 | 19093518 |
| effect of between and on row distance of first development, tillering, yield and yield components in wheat cultivars (triticum sp.). | this study was carried out at the university of ankara, faculty of agriculture, haymana research and application farm, haymana county, ankara, turkey during 1987/1990 with the aim of to determine the effect of between and on row distances (b(rd) and o(rd), respectively) on the first development, tillering, yield and yield components in wheat cultivars (triticum sp.). five wheat cultivars (bezostaja-i, gerek 79, haymana 79; triticum aestivum l., cakmak 79 and kunduru 1149; triticum durum desf.) w ... | 2007 | 19093497 |
| selection for osmoregulation gene to improve grain yield of wheat genotypes under osmotic stresses. | for identifying osmoreguulation (or) differences in bread wheat genotypes, three experiments by using of randomized complete blocks design with five replications were carried out separately on 6 genotypes (tabasi, alvand, shahi, sabalan, sardary and roshan) under normal, drought and salinity stresses. at earring stage, in order to studying osmotic stress on pollen grains, treatments of 30% peg (control) and 50% peg with 10 mm kcl (osmotic stress) were applied. all pollen grains ofgenotypes were ... | 2007 | 19093486 |
| genetic analysis of protein, lysine, gluten and flour yield in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | the study was carried out to investigate the nature of gene action determining the inheritance pattern of protein, lysine, gluten and flour yield in eight wheat varieties (pak 81, pothowar 93, parwaz 94, shahkar 95, suleiman 96, chakwal 97, kohistan 97 and mh 97) selected on the basis of phenotypic diversity. in order to ascertain the gene action involved in the inheritance of these characters, the techniques like analysis of variance of hayman model and genetic component analysis were employed. ... | 2007 | 19093437 |
| influence of osmo and hydropriming on seed germination and seedling growth in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars under different moisture and temperature conditions. | insufficient seedling stand establishment is one of the major obstacles to achievement of winter wheat (triticum aestivum) potential yield. in the present study, seeds of eleven wheat cultivars differing in drought resistance were subjected to hydropriming with distilled water and osmopriming with peg 6000 for 12 h. speed of emergence, vigor index and seedling dry weight were studied under two temperature conditions at 11 and 18 degrees c in plant growth incubators. water stress started 15 days ... | 2007 | 19090277 |
| sensitivity of two wheat species's seeds (triticum durum, variety karim and triticum aestivum, variety salambô) to heat constraint during germination. | the aim of this study is determine the effect of different temperature regimes on germination of wheat seeds and early germination events. germination is very sensitive to environment conditions, particularly the temperature. physiological and biochemical responses of wheat seed germination during time at various temperatures (5, 15, 25, 35 and 45 degrees c) have shown that optimal temperature (25 degrees c) favorites a good aptitude to germinate, whereas low (5 degrees c) and high temperature ( ... | 2007 | 19090228 |
| effects of aqueous eucalyptus extracts on seed germination, seedling growth and activities of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase in three wheat cultivar seedlings (triticum aestivum l.). | evaluation of allelopathic effects of this plant on other near cultivations especially wheat is the aim of this study. effects of water extracts of eucalyptus leaves examined on germination and growth of three wheat cultivar seeds and seedlings. results showed that: germination percentage strongly decreased, leaf and root lengths also affected and dry and wet weights of both roots and shoots showed similar change patterns. activities of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase as antioxidant enzymes in ... | 2007 | 19090161 |
| rapd markers associated with drought tolerance in bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | randomly amplified polymorphic dnas (rapds) were used to search genetic diversity and markers associated with drought tolerance in 20 bread wheat cultivars. these cultivars are extensively being used by farmers in iran, 6 of them are known as drought tolerant. initial screens involved growing 10 cultivars at seedling stage under drought conditions (-5 and -8 bar) exerted by peg 6000 in a hydroponic experiment. these tests confirmed the tolerance of the 6 above mentioned cultivars. thirty 10-mer ... | 2007 | 19090135 |
| the bo1-specific pcr marker aww5l7 is predictive of boron tolerance status in a range of exotic durum and bread wheats. | high soil boron (b) constitutes a major soil problem in many parts of the world, particularly in low-rainfall areas and land under irrigation. low accumulation of b in the shoot or grain of cereal crops is correlated with the maintenance of biomass production and grain yield under high b conditions, suggesting that this trait is an important component of field tolerance. a novel screening protocol to measure b accumulation in aerated and supported hydroponics was validated using a set of known a ... | 2008 | 19088810 |
| effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (glomus veruciforme) on changes of some physiological parameters in cadmium treated wheat plants. | soil pollution by heavy metals has become a critical environmental concern due to its potential adverse ecological effects. in this study we have investigated the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (glomus veruciforme) on some physiological growth parameters, such as chlorophyll content, amount of total soluble sugar and total protein of wheat plants (triticum aestivum l. cv. azar2) and we compared these factors in mycorrhizal (am) and non-mycorrhizal (non-am) plants. the content of chlorop ... | 2007 | 19086586 |
| influence of ultraviolet-c radiation on some growth parameters of mycorrhizal wheat plants. | uv-c radiation (220-280 nm) is known to causing damage in some physiological growth parameters such as chlorophyll, carotenoid, protein and sugar contents. in this study, effect of some species of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on tolerance of uv-c radiation in wheat plants was studied. wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. azar2) plants colonized by three species of mycorrhizae namely glomus etunicatum, glomus intraradices and glomus veruciforme were used in this study. they have been exposed ... | 2007 | 19086585 |
| toxicity and bioavailability of copper nanoparticles to the terrestrial plants mung bean (phaseolus radiatus) and wheat (triticum aestivum): plant agar test for water-insoluble nanoparticles. | because of their insolubility in water, nanoparticles have a limitation concerning toxicity experiments. the present study demonstrated a plant agar test for homogeneous exposure of nanoparticles to plant species. the effect of cu nanoparticles on the growth of a plant seedling was studied, and bioaccumulation of nanoparticles was investigated. all tests were conducted in plant agar media to prevent precipitation of water-insoluble nanoparticles in test units. the plant species were phaseolus ra ... | 2008 | 19086317 |
| specific binding sites for progesterone and 17beta-estradiol in cells of triticum aestivum l. | the presence and location of specific binding sites for progesterone and 17beta-estradiol in cells of wheat were estimated using radioligand binding assay. membrane and cytosolic fractions of non-vernalized and vernalized plants were tested using tritium-labelled ligands. specific binding of [(3)h]progesterone and [(3)h]17beta-estradiol occurs in wheat cells. the binding sites are located in membranes and in the cytosol. specific binding of [(3)h]17beta-estradiol is higher in the membranes than ... | 2008 | 19081853 |
| characterization of novel lmw-gs genes at glu-d3 locus on chromosome 1d in aegilops tauschii. | the objectives of this study were to clarify the relationship between lmw-gs glu-d3 gene of ae. tauschii registered in genbank and the six glu-d3 genes including 12 allelic variants of common wheat characterized in our previous studies, and identify novel glu-d3 genes and haplotypes from ae. tauschii using gene specific pcr amplification. by searching the ncbi database, 13 lmw-gs genes/pseudogenes of ae. tauschii were retrieved and classified into five gene families based on their nucleotide sim ... | 2008 | 19076692 |
| [cloning and expression analysis of two salt and fusarium graminearum stress associated udp-glucosyltransferases genes in wheat]. | glycosyltransferases (gts) play important roles in stress responses of plants by glycosylating hormones and secondary metabolites. udp-glucosyltransferases (ugts), which use udp-glucuronic acid in animals, udp-glucose, udp-galactose, and udp- rhamnose in plant as sugar donors, belong to family 1 of gts. as a secondary metabolite produced by fusarium graminearum during infection of grains, deoxynivalenol (don) is not only harmful to human and animal's health by inhibiting protein synthesis, but a ... | 2008 | 19073578 |
| [genetic analysis of a novel aurea mutant in wheat]. | a novel spontaneous chlorina mutation of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) was found in 2000. three types of phenotypes, i.e., green plant, intermediate yellow-green plants (or chlorina), and yellow plant (aurea), were observed in the selfed progenies of the mutant. the aurea plants usually died before heading stage, and the intermediate plants were viable but less vigorous and developed later than the green plant. the mutant wheat was analyzed genetically after self-pollination and crossing with nor ... | 2008 | 19073577 |
| effect of cadmium toxicity on the level of lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzymes activity in wheat plants colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. | high concentrations of heavy metals in the soil have an adverse effect on micro-organisms and microbial processes. mycorrhizas are among the extracellular strategies to avoid metal toxicity. in the present study, the effect of cadmium on lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzymes activity of am (with glomus veruciforme, g. intraradices and g. etunicatum) and non-am wheat plants was investigated. wheat plants (triticum aestivum l. cv. azar2) which have been colonized by above species, were used ... | 2007 | 19070166 |
| effect of auxin and salt stress (nacl) on seed germination of wheat cultivars (triticum aestivum l.). | seeds of three wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars included mahdavi, pishtaz and shiraz, were used to investigate the effects of different salinity and auxin concentrations on their germination percent, radicle and hypocotyl length, seedling fresh and dry weight, radicle and hypocotyl dry weight. results showed that increasing concentrations of nacl reduced germination percentage, radicle length, hypocotyl length, seedling fresh and dry weight and hypocotyl dry weight. hypocotyl dry weight in ... | 2007 | 19070130 |
| evaluation of some drought resistance criteria at seedling stage in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars. | this research was conducted to evaluate some of the drought resistance criteria at seedling stage in wheat. a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design (crd) was used with two factors consisted of stress levels (0, -5 and -8 bar) using peg 6000 and genotypes (10 genotypes of bread wheat; azar 2, gahar, koohdasht, bow, zagros, cham, niknejad, e1 neilairi, bohoih and giza 164) in three replications in a hydroponic condition. stress tolerance index (sti), water use efficiency (wue), bi ... | 2007 | 19070061 |
| effects of paclobutrazol and salt stress on growth and ionic contents in two cultivars of wheat. | the effect ofpaclobutrazol (pbz) treatment on salinity tolerance of wheat (triticum aestivum), were investigated for two salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive cultivars. salinity with pbz treatment significantly reduced the plant height and length and area of sixth leaf in both cultivars. with increasing salinity, a gradually reduction was observed in roots length, fresh and dry weight of shoot and sixth leaf and relative water content of pbz-applied plants in both cultivars. the greatest reduction w ... | 2007 | 19069984 |
| evaluation of screening techniques for heat tolerance in wheat. | cell membrane thermal stability, antioxidant activity, phenolics content, paraquat tolerance and kernel weight were compared for their ability to identify heat tolerant genotypes. four wheat (triticum aestivum l.) genotypes, kauz, mtrwa116, opata and w7984 were used in this study, kauz and mtrwa116 being thermotolerant and thermosensitive, respectively. plants were exposed to high temperatures of 39 and 35 degrees c and then their measurements form different techniques were compared to each othe ... | 2007 | 19069883 |
| remodelling of arabinoxylan in wheat (triticum aestivum) endosperm cell walls during grain filling. | previous studies using spectroscopic imaging have allowed the spatial distribution of structural components in wheat endosperm cell walls to be determined. ft-ir microspectroscopy showed differing changes in arabinoxylan (ax) structure, during grain development under cool/wet and hot/dry growing conditions, for differing cultivars (toole et al. in planta 225:1393-1403, 2007). these studies have been extended using raman microspectroscopy, providing more details of the impact of environment on th ... | 2009 | 19066942 |
| detailed recombination studies along chromosome 3b provide new insights on crossover distribution in wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | in wheat (triticum aestivum l.), the crossover (co) frequency increases gradually from the centromeres to the telomeres. however, little is known about the factors affecting both the distribution and the intensity of recombination along this gradient. to investigate this, we studied in detail the pattern of co along chromosome 3b of bread wheat. a dense reference genetic map comprising 102 markers homogeneously distributed along the chromosome was compared to a physical deletion map. most of the ... | 2009 | 19064706 |
| efficiency of a zinc lignosulfonate as zn source for wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and corn (zea mays l.) under hydroponic culture conditions. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of a zinc lignosulfonate (znls) as zn source for wheat and corn plants under hydroponic conditions. the zn-complexing capacity of three commercial lignosulfonates (byproducts of the paper and pulp industry) was tested, and a ls-nh4, from spruce wood, was selected. its efficacy as zn fertilizer for wheat and corn plants was assessed at different ph values (7.0 and 8.0) in comparison with a chelate (znedta) and an inorganic salt (znso4). f ... | 2009 | 19063638 |
| growth in elevated co2 enhances temperature response of photosynthesis in wheat. | the temperature dependence of c(3) photosynthesis may be altered by the growth environment. the effects of long-term growth in elevated co(2) on photosynthesis temperature response have been investigated in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in controlled chambers with 370 or 700 mumol mol(-1) co(2) from sowing through to anthesis. gas exchange was measured in flag leaves at ear emergence, and the parameters of a biochemical photosynthesis model were determined along with their temperature respo ... | 2009 | 19055543 |
| wheat cryptochromes: subcellular localization and involvement in photomorphogenesis and osmotic stress responses. | cryptochromes (crys) are blue light receptors important for plant growth and development. comprehensive information on monocot crys is currently only available for rice (oryza sativa). we report here the molecular and functional characterization of two cry genes, tacry1a and tacry2, from the monocot wheat (triticum aestivum). the expression of tacry1a was most abundant in seedling leaves and barely detected in roots and germinating embryos under normal growth conditions. the expression of tacry2 ... | 2009 | 19052154 |
| phytotoxicity of major constituents of the volatile oil from leaves of artemisia scoparia waldst. & kit. | the phytotoxicity of the three major monoterpene constituents of the essential oil from leaves of artemisia scoparia waldst. & kit. (redstem wormwood) was investigated. gc/gc-ms analysis revealed that the essential oil (yield 0.84%) is a complex mixture containing 19 monoterpenes, 7 sesquiterpenes and 15 other compounds--aliphatic alcohols, ketones, aromatic hydrocarbons and esters. the three major monoterpenes were beta-myrcene (30.2%), p-cymene (12.8%) and dl-limonene (12.4%). the essential oi ... | 2008 | 19040104 |
| new insights into the origin of the b genome of hexaploid wheat: evolutionary relationships at the spa genomic region with the s genome of the diploid relative aegilops speltoides. | several studies suggested that the diploid ancestor of the b genome of tetraploid and hexaploid wheat species belongs to the sitopsis section, having aegilops speltoides (ss, 2n = 14) as the closest identified relative. however molecular relationships based on genomic sequence comparison, including both coding and non-coding dna, have never been investigated. in an attempt to clarify these relationships, we compared, in this study, sequences of the storage protein activator (spa) locus region of ... | 2008 | 19032732 |
| magnesium-isotope fractionation during plant growth. | magnesium is an essential nutrient, which activates more enzymes than any other mineral element and, thus, plays an important role in biogeochemical cycles. with three stable isotopes naturally abundant (24mg, 78.992%; 25mg, 10.003%; 26mg, 11.005%), magnesium stable isotope fractionation may provide insights into these cycles. here, we detail for the first time the magnesium stable-isotope distribution in a higher plant, wheat (triticum aestivum l.), during its growth cycle. wheat plants were gr ... | 2008 | 19031868 |
| mapping qtls for pre-harvest sprouting tolerance on chromosome 2d in a synthetic hexaploid wheat x common wheat cross. | based on segregation distortion of simple sequence repeat (ssr) molecular markers, we detected a significant quantitative trait loci (qtl) for pre-harvest sprouting (phs) tolerance on the short arm of chromosome 2d (2ds) in the extremely susceptible population of f2 progeny generated from the cross of phs tolerant synthetic hexaploid wheat cultivar 'rsp' and phs susceptible bread wheat cultivar '88-1643'. to identify the qtl of phs tolerance, we constructed two ssr-based genetic maps of 2ds in 2 ... | 2008 | 19029680 |
| chlorophenols induce lipid peroxidation and change antioxidant parameters in the leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | in this work, changes in superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat) and guaiacol peroxidase (pod) activity were determined in the leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) exposed to 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-dcp) and pentachlorophenol (pcp). we analyzed the content of free phenols, the level of lipid peroxidation, and also the oxidation of dihydrorhodamine 123 by 2,4-dcp and pcp. chlorophenols were spiked to soil in concentrations of 0.5 and 5.0 mg kg(-1). plant seeds were raised in plastic pots con ... | 2009 | 19027988 |
| characterization of t. aestivum-h. californicum chromosome addition lines da2h and ma5h. | in order to transfer useful genes of hordeum californicum into common wheat (triticum aestivum l.), the t. aestivum c.v. chinese spring (cs)-h. californicum amphiploid was crossed to cs, and its backcrossing and self-fertilized progenies were analyzed by morphological observation, cytological, biochemical and molecular marker techniques. alien addition lines with two h. californicum chromosomes were identified and their genetic constitution was characterized. sts-pcr analysis using chromosome 2b ... | 2008 | 19022201 |
| comparison of genetic and cytogenetic maps of hexaploid wheat (triticum aestivum l.) using ssr and dart markers. | a number of technologies are available to increase the abundance of dna markers and contribute to developing high resolution genetic maps suitable for genetic analysis. the aim of this study was to expand the number of diversity array technology (dart) markers on the wheat array that can be mapped in the wheat genome, and to determine their chromosomal location with respect to simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers and their position on the cytogenetic map. a total of 749 and 512 individual dart a ... | 2009 | 19020902 |
| a class iii peroxidase specifically expressed in pathogen-attacked barley epidermis contributes to basal resistance. | higher plants possess large multigene families encoding secreted class iii peroxidase (prx) proteins. in barley, two prx cdnas encoding hvprx07 and hvprx08 have been isolated and characterized to some extent with respect to a resistance-mediating function upon attack by the powdery-mildew fungus blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (bgh). here we present evidence for the tissue-specific accumulation of a new prx mrna, hvprx40, in bgh-attacked epidermis of barley (hordeum vulgare). the encoded protein ... | 2008 | 19018997 |
| wheat leaf rust caused by puccinia triticina. | leaf rust, caused by puccinia triticina, is the most common rust disease of wheat. the fungus is an obligate parasite capable of producing infectious urediniospores as long as infected leaf tissue remains alive. urediniospores can be wind-disseminated and infect host plants hundreds of kilometres from their source plant, which can result in wheat leaf rust epidemics on a continental scale. this review summarizes current knowledge of the p. triticina/wheat interaction with emphasis on the infecti ... | 2008 | 19018988 |
| tobacco by-2 cells as effective bioreactor for the production of puroindolines. | puroindolines are two small proteins so called for the presence of an hydrophobic tryptophan-rich domain. associated to wheat starch granules in triticum aestivum, puroindolines have been shown to be responsible for the softness of the wheat endosperm. moreover, have been proved to possess bactericide and anti-fungal properties together with the capacity of forming very stable foams. all these features make puroindolines very attractive for medical, pharmaceutical and food industrial application ... | 2008 | 19014352 |
| a germin-like protein gene family functions as a complex quantitative trait locus conferring broad-spectrum disease resistance in rice. | plant disease resistance governed by quantitative trait loci (qtl) is predicted to be effective against a broad spectrum of pathogens and long lasting. use of these qtl to improve crop species, however, is hindered because the genes contributing to the trait are not known. five disease resistance qtl that colocalized with defense response genes were accumulated by marker-aided selection to develop blast-resistant varieties. one advanced backcross line carrying the major-effect qtl on chromosome ... | 2009 | 19011003 |
| analysis of intraspecies diversity in wheat and barley genomes identifies breakpoints of ancient haplotypes and provides insight into the structure of diploid and hexaploid triticeae gene pools. | a large number of wheat (triticum aestivum) and barley (hordeum vulgare) varieties have evolved in agricultural ecosystems since domestication. because of the large, repetitive genomes of these triticeae crops, sequence information is limited and molecular differences between modern varieties are poorly understood. to study intraspecies genomic diversity, we compared large genomic sequences at the lr34 locus of the wheat varieties chinese spring, renan, and glenlea, and diploid wheat aegilops ta ... | 2009 | 19011002 |
| agrobacterium-mediated transformation of bread and durum wheat using freshly isolated immature embryos. | agrobacterium-mediated transformation of wheat is becoming a viable alternative to the more established biolistic protocols. it offers advantages in terms of simple, low-copy-number integrations and can be applied with similar efficiencies to specific durum wheat and spring and winter bread wheat types varieties. | 2009 | 19009440 |
| the effects of enhanced ultraviolet-b radiation and soil drought on water use efficiency of spring wheat. | the effect of enhanced ultraviolet-b radiation (280-315 nm) and water stress on water consumption, instantaneous water use efficiency (wuei), season-long water use efficiency (wues) and leaf stable carbon isotope composition (delta13c) of three spring wheat cultivars (triticum aestivum l.) was investigated under field conditions. the relationship between wuei and wues with delta13c was analyzed. compared with the control, enhanced uv-b or water stress alone or in combination led to lower water u ... | 2009 | 19006675 |
| metabolism of phenanthrene in cell suspension cultures of wheat and soybean as well as in intact plants of the water mossfontinalis antipyretica: a comparative study. | the metabolism of phenanthrene was studied both in cell suspension cultures of wheat (triticum aestivum) and soybean (glycine max), and in intact plants of the water mossfontinalis antipyretica. metabolism in cell suspension cultures strongly differed between the monocotyle and the dicotyle plant. only small amounts oftrans-phenanthrene-9,10-dihydrodiole and phenanthrene-9,10-dione were detectable in the wheat culture. soybean cultures, in contrast demonstrated a strong turnover resulting in a 7 ... | 1998 | 19005815 |
| integrating genes and phenotype: a wheat-arabidopsis-rice glycosyltransferase database for candidate gene analyses. | glycosyltransferases (gts) constitute a very large multi-gene superfamily, containing several thousand members identified in sequenced organisms especially in plants. gts are key enzymes involved in various biological processes such as cell wall formation, storage polysaccharides biosynthesis, and glycosylation of various metabolites. gts have been identified in rice (oryza sativa) and arabidopsis thaliana, but their precise function has been demonstrated biochemically for only a few. in this wo ... | 2009 | 19005709 |
| a cotton (gossypium hirsutum) dre-binding transcription factor gene, ghdreb, confers enhanced tolerance to drought, high salt, and freezing stresses in transgenic wheat. | a cotton (g. hirsutum l.) dehydration responsive element binding protein gene, ghdreb, which encodes a 153 amino acid protein containing a conserved ap2/erebp domain, was isolated from the cdna library of cotton cv. simian 3 by a yeast one-hybrid system. rna blot analysis showed that the ghdreb gene was induced in cotton seedlings by drought, high salt and cold stresses. an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (emsa) indicated that the ghdreb protein bound specifically to the dre core element (a ... | 2009 | 19005655 |
| blufensin1 negatively impacts basal defense in response to barley powdery mildew. | plants have evolved complex regulatory mechanisms to control the defense response against microbial attack. both temporal and spatial gene expression are tightly regulated in response to pathogen ingress, modulating both positive and negative control of defense. blufensin1 (bln1), a small peptide belonging to a novel family of proteins in barley (hordeum vulgare), is highly induced by attack from the obligate biotrophic fungus blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (bgh), casual agent of powdery mildew ... | 2009 | 19005086 |
| a second mechanism for aluminum resistance in wheat relies on the constitutive efflux of citrate from roots. | the first confirmed mechanism for aluminum (al) resistance in plants is encoded by the wheat (triticum aestivum) gene, taalmt1, on chromosome 4dl. taalmt1 controls the al-activated efflux of malate from roots, and this mechanism is widespread among al-resistant genotypes of diverse genetic origins. this study describes a second mechanism for al resistance in wheat that relies on citrate efflux. citrate efflux occurred constitutively from the roots of brazilian cultivars carazinho, maringa, torop ... | 2009 | 19005085 |
| genetic and molecular characterization of the vrn2 loci in tetraploid wheat. | winter wheat (triticum spp.) varieties require long exposures to low temperatures to flower, a process called vernalization. the vrn2 locus includes two completely linked zinc finger-cct domain genes (zcct1 and zcct2) that act as flowering repressors down-regulated during vernalization. deletions or mutations in these two genes result in the elimination of the vernalization requirement in diploid wheat (triticum monococcum). however, natural allelic variation in these genes has not been describe ... | 2009 | 19005084 |
| a novel homeobox-like gene associated with reaction to stripe rust and powdery mildew in common wheat. | stripe rust and powdery mildew, caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici and blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, respectively, are severe diseases in wheat (triticum aestivum) worldwide. in our study, differential amplification of a 201-bp cdna fragment was obtained in a cdna-amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) analysis between near-isogenic lines yr10nil and avocet s, inoculated with p. striiformis f. sp. tritici race cyr29. a full-length cdna (1,357 bp) of a homeobox-like gene, ta ... | 2008 | 19000003 |
| kinetics of carotenoids degradation during the storage of einkorn (triticum monococcum l. ssp. monococcum) and bread wheat (triticum aestivum l. ssp. aestivum) flours. | to evaluate the effect of storage temperature, the degradation kinetics of carotenoids in wholemeal and white flour of einkorn cv. monlis and bread wheat cv. serio, stored at -20, 5, 20, 30, and 38 degrees c, was assessed by normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. in monlis, the carotenoids content (8.1 and 9.8 mg/kg for wholemeal and white flour, respectively) was 8-fold higher than in serio (1.0 and 1.1 mg/kg). only lutein and zeaxanthin were detected in bread wheat, while signifi ... | 2008 | 18998697 |
| [screening hv-s/tpk from tac library of a triticum aestivum-haynaldia villosa translocation line]. | hv-s/tpk gene, a resistance related gene to powdery mildew, was cloned by using genechip, and its expression was upregulated after the inoculation of blumeria graminis to haynaldia villosa. using the specific primers of hv-s/tpk to screen a genomic tac (transformation-competent artificial chromosome) library of translocation line 6vs/6al, a positive tac was screened. a 5-kb fragment containing hv-s/tpk was subcloned and identified. this 5160-bp fragment (genbank accession no. eu153366) was deter ... | 2008 | 18998531 |
| use of ethylene diurea (edu) in assessing the impact of ozone on growth and productivity of five cultivars of indian wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | increase in concentrations of tropospheric ozone (o(3)) is one of the main factors affecting world agriculture production. tropical countries including india are at greater risk due to their meteorological conditions (high solar radiation and temperature) being conducive to the formation of o(3). the most effective anti-ozonant chemical is n-[2-(2-oxo-1-imidazolidinyl) ethyl]-n-phenylurea or ethylene diurea (edu). due to its specific characteristics, edu has been used in the field as a phytomoni ... | 2009 | 18998224 |
| characterization of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit glu-b3 genes and development of sts markers in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs) glu-b3 has a significant influence on the processing quality of the end-use products of common wheat. to characterize the lmw-gs genes at the glu-b3 locus, gene-specific pcr primers were designed to amplify eight near-isogenic lines and cheyenne with different glu-b3 alleles (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h and i) defined by protein electrophoretic mobility. the complete coding regions of four glu-b3 genes with complete coding sequence were obtained and desi ... | 2009 | 18989655 |
| is 2,3-butanedione monoxime an effective inhibitor of myosin-based activities in plant cells? | the effectiveness of 2,3-butanedione monoxime (bdm) as an inhibitor of plant myosins has been investigated. three myosin-dependent motility phenomena in plants, namely cytoplasmic streaming in chara corallina, light-dependent chloroplast repositioning in elodea sp., and brefeldin a(bfa)-induced golgi membrane dynamics in wheat (triticum aestivum l. cv. kite) root-tip cells were investigated. all three processes were inhibited by the sulfhydryl-modifying agent n-ethylmalemide (nem), indicating th ... | 1999 | 18987800 |
| accumulation and translocation of toxic heavy metals in winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) growing in agricultural soil of zhengzhou, china. | a field experiment was conducted to study the accumulation of toxic heavy metals by winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in the agricultural soil in the suburb of zhengzhou city, china. the quantities of heavy metals (cd, cr, pb, as, hg) were determined in different parts of wheat plant. the content of five toxic metals was found significantly higher in roots than in the aerial parts of wheat (stems and leaves, and grains). additionally, wheat roots were enriched in cd, pb, and hg from the ... | 2009 | 18987775 |
| evidence of ceased programmed cell death in metaphloem sieve elements in the developing caryopsis of triticum aestivum l. | transmission electron microscopy (tem) and fluorescence microscopy studies revealed that the metaphloem sieve elements (mses) in the ventral vascular bundle of the caryopses of developing wheat (triticum aestivum l.) undergo a unique type of programmed cell death (pcd). terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dutp nick-end labeling (tunel)-positive nuclei were observed at 3 and 4 days after flowering (daf). transmission electron microscopy studies of differentiating mses revealed increase ... | 2008 | 18985425 |
| introgression of bread wheat chromatin into tall wheatgrass via somatic hybridization. | regenerates were obtained following somatic hybridization between tall wheatgrass (agropyron elongatum) and bread wheat (triticum aestivum cv. jinan177) protoplasts. two lines (cu and xi) were self-fertile in the first (r0) and subsequent (r1 and r2) generations. the phenotype of each r1 population was uniform. all cu progeny were phenotypically similar to the tall wheatgrass parent, while xi progeny had thinner, smoother and softer leaves. cytological analysis showed that more wheat chromatin w ... | 2009 | 18985381 |
| structural changes in root tips of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in response to olive oil mill wastewater. | toxic effects of the wastewater were investigated ultrastructurally in root tips of triticum aestivum. as a result, wall and nuclear degradations, disruptions in all cytoplasmic membranes, irregular nucleus shapes and cellular organization defects were densely detected. besides, germination ratio, total protein contents, dna contents and root-shoot growth were found to be decreased significantly when compared to the control group. results were compared with those of recent studies regarding exce ... | 2008 | 18983041 |
| independent evolution of functional pm3 resistance genes in wild tetraploid wheat and domesticated bread wheat. | the pm3 alleles of cultivated bread wheat confer gene for gene resistance to the powdery mildew fungus. they represent a particular case of plant disease resistance gene evolution, because of their recent origin and possible evolution after the formation of hexaploid wheat. the pm3 locus is conserved in tetraploid wheat, thereby allowing the comparative evolutionary study of the same resistance locus in a domesticated species and in one of its wild ancestors. we have identified 61 pm3 allelic se ... | 2009 | 18980638 |
| heavy metal accumulation in different varieties of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) grown in soil amended with domestic sewage sludge. | the concentrations of heavy metals (hms) in plants served to indicate the metal contamination status of the site, and also revealed the abilities of various plant species to take up and accumulate them from the soil dressed with sewage sludge. a study to comprehend the mobility and transport of hms from soil and soil amended with untreated sewage sludge to different newly breaded varieties of wheat (anmol, tj-83, abadgar and mehran-89) in pakistan. a pot-culture experiment was conducted to study ... | 2009 | 18977590 |
| diurnal photosynthesis, water use efficiency and light use efficiency of wheat under mediterranean field conditions. | photosynthesis and transpiration rates of wheat leaves (triticum aestivum l.) were measured at 30 min intervals under mediterranean field conditions, using photosynthesis monitor system (pm-48m). the dynamics of net photosynthetic rate (p(n)), transpiration rate (e(t)), water use efficiency (wue), light use efficiency (lue), stomatal conductance (g(s)), photosynthetically active radiation (par), air temperature (t), relative humidity (rh), and atmospheric co2 concentration (catm) were quantified ... | 2008 | 18972699 |
| durum wheat adulteration detection by nir spectroscopy multivariate calibration. | in the present work, we explored the possibility of using near-infrared spectroscopy in order to quantify the degree of adulteration of durum wheat flour with common bread wheat flour. the multivariate calibration techniques adopted to this aim were pls and a wavelet-based calibration algorithm, recently developed by some of us, called wilma. both techniques provided satisfactory results, the percentage of adulterant present in the samples being quantified with an uncertainty lower than that ass ... | 2006 | 18970492 |
| fusarium sinensis sp. nov., a new species from wheat in china. | two strains of fusarium sinensis sp. nov. were isolated from the seeds and roots of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) in shandong province, china. they are superficially similar to f. dlaminii in producing fusiform-to-reniform and napiform microconidia and chlamydospores in almost the same size range as f. dlaminii. however the colonies and chlamydospores of f. sinensis resemble those of species in sections roseum, gibbosum and discolor. phylogenetic analysis of partial translation elongation factor ... | 2008 | 18959160 |
| [the generation of h2o2 in wheat hypersensitive reaction induced by leaf rust fungus]. | h2o2 burst in the defense responses of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) infected with compatible and incompatible leaf rust fungus races (puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici) was investigated firstly. cytofluorimetric analysis using the fluorescent probe dcfhda scrutinized the generation of h2o2 in wheat primary leaves. the results indicated that h2o2 burst could be induced by either compatible or incompatible leaf rust fungus. however, the kinetics of h2o2 burst in incompatible interaction were biphas ... | 2008 | 18958998 |
| [changes in the activity of proteases and trypsin inhibitors in wheat leaves in the initial period of cold hardening and subsequent dehardening]. | the dynamics of amidase, cysteine protease, and trypsin inhibitor activities were studied in the leaves of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seedlings grown under controlled conditions (25 degrees c, illuminance 10 klx, 14-h photoperiod) and subjected to cold hardening (5 degrees c, 10 klx, 14-h photoperiod). changes in the activity of amidases and cysteine proteases proved to precede an increase in cold resistance during cold hardening and a decrease in cold resistance after the end of cold hardenin ... | 2016 | 18956732 |
| allelic analysis of stripe rust resistance genes on wheat chromosome 2bs. | stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiormis westend f. sp. tritici, is one of the most important foliar diseases of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) worldwide. stripe rust resistance genes yr27, yr31, yrsp, yrv23, and yrcn19 on chromosome 2bs confer resistance to some or all chinese p. striiormis f. sp. tritici races cyr31, cyr32, sy11-4, and sy11-14 in the greenhouse. to screen microsatellite (ssr) markers linked with yrcn19, f1, f2, and f3 populations derived from cross ch377/cn19 were screened wit ... | 2008 | 18956025 |
| biochemical and structural characterization of tlxi, the triticum aestivum l. thaumatin-like xylanase inhibitor. | thaumatin-like xylanase inhibitors (tlxi) are recently discovered wheat proteins. they belong to the family of the thaumatin-like proteins and inhibit glycoside hydrolase family 11 endoxylanases commonly used in different cereal based (bio)technological processes. we here report on the biochemical characterisation of tlxi. its inhibition activity is temperature- and ph-dependent and shows a maximum at approximately 40 degrees c and ph 5.0. the tlxi structure model, generated with the crystal str ... | 2009 | 18951281 |
| wheat (triticum aestivum) seedlings secrete proteases from the roots and, after protein addition, grow well on medium without inorganic nitrogen. | this paper reports on the role of proteases secreted by roots in nitrogen capture by plants. the study was conducted on aseptically cultivated wheat seedlings (triticum aestivum cv. tacher) obtained from embryos isolated from grains. seedlings were cultivated for 21 days on deionised water, murashige skoog medium (ms), ms without inorganic nitrogen (in), and ms without in, in which in was replaced by casein (0.01%, 0.1% or 1%). comparison of seedlings grown on these media showed that casein enti ... | 2008 | 18950429 |
| modeling nitrogen and water management effects in a wheat-maize double-cropping system. | excessive n and water use in agriculture causes environmental degradation and can potentially jeopardize the sustainability of the system. a field study was conducted from 2000 to 2002 to study the effects of four n treatments (0, 100, 200, and 300 kg n ha(-1) per crop) on a wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and maize (zea mays l.) double cropping system under 70 +/- 15% field capacity in the north china plain (ncp). the root zone water quality model (rzwqm), with the crop estimation through resource ... | 2013 | 18948476 |
| mapping a stripe rust resistance gene yrc591 in wheat variety c591 with ssr and aflp markers. | stripe rust, caused by puccinia striiformis westend. f. sp. tritici (pst), is one of the most destructive diseases of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). to determine inheritance of stripe rust resistance and map the resistance gene(s) in wheat variety c591, f(1), f(2,) and f(3) progenies derived from the taichung 29 x c591 cross were inoculated with chinese pst race cy32 in the greenhouse. genetic analysis identified a single dominant gene, temporarily designated yrc591. a total of 178 ssr and ... | 2009 | 18946654 |
| xanthomonas translucens from small grains: diversity and phytopathological relevance. | abstract sixty-eight presumptive xanthomonas translucens strains isolated from 15 small grains or grass species were studied by pathogenicity tests on barley, bread wheat, oat, and bromegrass species, and also by aflp, analysis of fatty acid methyl esters (fame), and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of protein extracts. the x. translucens strains were divided into three pathogenicity types based on differences observed on barley and bread wheat. two unspeciated strains p ... | 1997 | 18945007 |
| a major gene for powdery mildew resistance transferred to common wheat from wild einkorn wheat. | abstract a major gene for resistance to wheat powdery mildew (blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici = erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici) has been successfully transferred into hexaploid common wheat (triticum aestivum, 2n = 6x = 42, aabbdd) from wild einkorn wheat (triticum monococcum subsp. aegilopoides, 2n = 2x = 14, aa). nc96bgta5 is a germ plasm line with the pedigree saluda x 3/pi427662. the response patterns for powdery mildew resistance in nc96bgta5 were tested with 30 differential isolates of ... | 1998 | 18944983 |
| lr46: a gene conferring slow-rusting resistance to leaf rust in wheat. | abstract wheat (triticum aestivum) cultivar pavon 76 carries slow-rusting resistance to leaf rust that has remained effective in mexico since its release in 1976. 'pavon 76' was crossed with two leaf rust-susceptible wheat cultivars, jupateco 73s and avocet s, and between 118 and 148 individual f(2) plant-derived f(3) and f(5) lines were evaluated for adult-plant leaf rust resistance at two field sites in mexico during different seasons. evaluation of f(1) plants and parents indicated that the s ... | 1998 | 18944865 |
| genetic analysis of sensitivity to a pyrenophora tritici-repentis necrosis-inducing toxin in durum and common wheat. | abstract the fungus pyrenophora tritici-repentis produces a toxin (ptr toxa) that causes rapid cell necrosis in sensitive wheat genotypes. a single recessive gene (tsn1) on chromosome 5bl in common wheat confers insensitivity to this toxin. our objectives were to analyze the allelic relationships of genotypes that have shown insensitivity to a p. tritici-repentis necrosis-inducing toxin, map the gene for insensitivity to the necrosis-inducing factor produced by p. tritici-repentis in a durum whe ... | 1999 | 18944773 |
| leaf rust resistance gene lr34 associated with nonsuppression of stem rust resistance in the wheat cultivar canthatch. | abstract the common wheat cultivar thatcher and the backcross derivative canthatch are moderately or fully susceptible to several races of stem rust because of a suppressor on chromosome 7dl that inhibits the expression of the relevant resistance gene(s). the incorporation of leaf rust resistance gene lr34 into 'thatcher' is known to enhance stem rust resistance. the effect of this gene in a 'canthatch' background and its relationship with the 7dl suppressor were determined by replacing chromoso ... | 1999 | 18944724 |
| distribution of pathotypes with regard to host cultivars in french wheat leaf rust populations. | abstract isolates of wheat leaf rust collected from durum and bread wheat cultivars in france during 1999-2002 were analyzed for virulence on 18 thatcher lines with single genes for leaf rust resistance (lr genes). sampling focused on the five most widely grown bread wheat cultivars (two susceptible and three resistant) to allow statistical comparison of diversity indexes between the cultivars. leaf rust populations from durum and bread wheats were different. the diversity of the bread wheat lea ... | 2006 | 18944441 |
| genetic analysis of resistance to pyrenophora tritici-repentis races 1 and 5 in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat. | tan spot of wheat, caused by the fungus pyrenophora tritici-repentis, is a destructive disease worldwide that can lead to serious losses in quality and quantity of wheat grain production. resistance to multiple races of p. tritici-repentis was identified in a wide range of genetically diverse genotypes, including three different species triticum aestivum (aabbdd), t. spelta (aabbdd), and t. turgidum (aabb). the major objectives of this study were to determine the genetic control of resistance to ... | 2008 | 18944295 |
| expression of thinopyrum intermedium-derived barley yellow dwarf virus resistance in elite bread wheat backgrounds. | abstract resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus (bydv) is not found in wheat but is available in a thinopyrum intermedium translocation (ti) carried on chromosome 7dl of bread wheat recombinant lines. we used one of those lines (tc14/2*spear) to introgress the ti into bread wheat cultivars and to determine the influence of wheat backgrounds, with and without known tolerance to bydv, on the expression of resistance. two single and three backcross populations, segregating for the presence of the ... | 2001 | 18944278 |
| aggressiveness of mycosphaerella graminicola isolates from susceptible and partially resistant wheat cultivars. | abstract the selective effect of quantitative host resistance on pathogen aggressiveness is poorly understood. because two previous experiments with a small number of bread wheat cultivars and isolates of mycosphaerella graminicola had indicated that more susceptible hosts selected for more aggressive isolates, we conducted a larger experiment to test that hypothesis. in each of 2 years, six cultivars differing in their levels of partial resistance were planted in field plots, and isolates were ... | 2002 | 18944259 |
| genetic differentiation of puccinia triticina populations in central asia and the caucasus. | abstract isolates of puccinia triticina collected from common wheat in the central asia countries of kazakhstan, uzbekistan, tajikistan, and kyrgyzstan and the caucasus countries of azerbaijan, georgia, and armenia were tested for virulence to 20 isolines of thatcher wheat with different leaf rust resistance genes and molecular genotype at 23 simple sequence repeat (ssr) loci. after clone correction within each country, 99 isolates were analyzed for measures of population diversity, variation at ... | 2007 | 18944179 |
| using air pressure cells to evaluate the effect of soil environment on the transmission of soilborne viruses of wheat. | abstract an air pressure cell, a laboratory tool that precisely controls soil matric potential, was utilized in a novel approach to investigate the epidemiology and management of soilborne disease. matric potentials of -1, -5, -20, and -40 kpa were established in cores of field soil infested with wheat soilborne mosaic virus (wsbmv) and its presumed vector polymyxa graminis. equilibrated soil cores were planted to wheat (triticum aestivum), and after intervals of growth under controlled environm ... | 2003 | 18944097 |
| forensic pathology of canadian bread wheat: the case of tan spot. | abstract pyrenophora tritici-repentis causes necrosis and chlorosis in its wheat host. susceptibility to races 2 (necrosis) and 5 (chlorosis) of the pathogen is known to be mediated by ptr toxa and ptr toxb, respectively. sensitivity to each toxin is controlled by a single dominant and independently inherited gene. we used sensitivity to ptr toxa and ptr toxb as two genetic markers to investigate the origin and the state of tan spot susceptibility in canadian western red spring (cwrs) wheat over ... | 2005 | 18943983 |
| evidence for natural selection in the mitochondrial genome of mycosphaerella graminicola. | abstract pathogenicity assays were combined with restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) markers in the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes to compare mycosphaerella graminicola populations adapted to bread wheat (triticum aestivum) and durum wheat (t. turgidum) in the mediterranean basin. the majority of isolates had unique nuclear dna fingerprints and multilocus haplotypes. only six mitochondrial dna (mtdna) haplotypes were identified among 108 isolates assayed. there were minor differen ... | 2004 | 18943974 |
| inhibition of blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici germination and partial enhancement of wheat defenses by milsana. | abstract the prophylactic efficiency of milsana against powdery mildew was evaluated on wheat (triticum aestivum). a single short spraying on 10-day-old plantlets reduced the infection level by 85% and two long sprayings led to the total restriction of the disease. although microscopic studies showed that milsana treatments enhance hydrogen peroxide accumulation at the fungal penetration site, biochemical analysis did not allow us to correlate this accumulation with the activation of several enz ... | 2006 | 18943966 |
| tagging and validation of a major quantitative trait locus for leaf rust resistance and leaf tip necrosis in winter wheat cultivar forno. | abstract a major leaf rust (puccinia triticina) resistance quantitative trait locus (qtl) (qlrp.sfr-7ds) previously has been described on chromosome 7ds in the winter wheat (triticum aestivum) cv. forno. it was detected in a population of single-seed descent (ssd) lines derived from the cross arina x forno. qlrp.sfr-7ds conferred a durable and slow-rusting resistance phenotype, co-segregated with a qtl for leaf tip necrosis (ltn) and was mapped close to xgwm295 at a very similar location as the ... | 2004 | 18943790 |
| resistance of wheat line kavkaz-k4500 l.6.a.4 to septoria tritici blotch controlled by isolate-specific resistance genes. | abstract the international maize and wheat improvement center (cimmyt), mexico, germplasm-derived wheat (triticum aestivum) kavkaz-k4500 l.6.a.4 (kk) is one of the major sources of resistance to septoria tritici blotch (stb). kk is resistant to stb in field conditions in the uk even though a large majority of mycosphaerella graminicola isolates are virulent to it. the genetics of the resistance of kk to four isolates of m. graminicola were investigated. kk has at least five isolate-specific resi ... | 2005 | 18943783 |
| virulence phenotypes of a worldwide collection of puccinia triticina from durum wheat. | abstract a total of 78 isolates of puccinia triticina from durum wheat from argentina, chile, ethiopia, france, mexico, spain and the united states and 10 representative isolates of p. triticina from common wheat from the united states were tested for virulence phenotypes on seedling plants of 35 near-isogenic lines of thatcher wheat. isolates with virulence on lines with leaf rust resistance genes lr10, lr14b, lr20, lr22a, lr23, lr33, lr34, lr41, and lr44 represented the most frequent phenotype ... | 2007 | 18943655 |