Publications

characterization of beet curly top virus subgenomic dna localizes sequences required for replication.	subgenomic viral dna is accumulated in nicotiana benthamiana and beta vulgaris plants agroinoculated with the geminivirus beet curly top virus. the subgenomic dna is more abundant in n. benthamiana and is distributed between two broad size groups in this host. six unique examples, ranging in size from 887 to 1311 nucleotides, have been cloned from viral double-stranded dna purified from n. benthamiana and analyzed by sequence determination. deletions are distributed throughout most of the genome ...	1992	1641993
in vitro mutagenesis of biologically active transcripts of beet necrotic yellow vein virus rna 2: evidence that a domain of the 75-kda readthrough protein is important for efficient virus assembly.	rna 2 of the multipartite genome of beet necrotic yellow vein virus carries the cistron for 21-kda viral coat protein at its 5' extremity. the amber termination codon of the coat protein cistron undergoes suppression approximately 10% of the time so that translation continues into an adjacent 54-kda open reading frame, yielding a 75-kda readthrough protein. the roles of coat protein and the readthrough protein in infection were investigated with biologically active transcripts of rna 2. much of ...	1992	1631051
hsp70-related 65 kda protein of beet yellows closterovirus is a microtubule-binding protein.	beet yellows virus (byv) genome encodes a 65 kda protein homologous to the hsp70 family of cellular heat-shock proteins (agranovsky, a.a., boyko, v.p., karasev, a.v., koonin, e.v. and dolja, v.v. (1991) j. mol. biol. 217, 603-610). the respective gene was cloned and expressed in vitro yielding a product of the expected size (p65). this product was found to bind to the purified microtubules with a binding constant of 4 x 10(-7) m. the binding of p65 was stimulated if atp presented in the translat ...	1992	1618294
studies on oxalate oxidase from beet stems upon immobilization on concanavalin a.	oxalate oxidase (ec 1.2.3.4) was purified from beet stems and immobilized on concanavalin a. the bound enzyme showed a high resistance of denaturation and increased the storage stability at 4 degrees c. the immobilized oxidase showed a broad optimum at ph 3.5-5, compared to the free enzyme with a sharp optimum at ph 4.5. there was a 3-fold increase in the apparent km value on immobilization. the lectin interaction also eliminated the inhibitory effect produced on the enzyme by azide, nitrate and ...	1992	1616490
single cell protein production from beet pulp by mixed culture.	different mixed cultures of trichoderma reesei and a yeast were cultivated on beet pulp (bp)-containing medium. t. reesei and kluyveromyces marxianus offered a combination that gave high scp yields (51%) and efficiently converted bp into proteins (39.4%). the yeast extract in the basal medium could be substituted and the bp level multiplicated from 2 to 4% upon using mixed culture of t. reesei and k. marxianus. under these conditions the protein yields reached to a maximum value of 54% and highe ...	1992	1605920
efficient cell-to-cell movement of beet necrotic yellow vein virus requires 3' proximal genes located on rna 2.	rna 2 of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) carries six open reading frames. the four 3' proximal frames encode the proteins p42, p13, p15, and p14. the first three species present homologies to proteins encoded by three overlapping open reading frames (the triple gene block) in potexviruses, carlaviruses, and barley stripe mosaic virus. p14 does not display homology with other known plant viral proteins. the functions of p42, p13, p15, and p14 were investigated by site-directed mutagenesis ...	1992	1604825
occupational asthma in a beet sugar processing plant.	a patient with occupational asthma in the beet sugar processing industry is described. symptomatology, skin testing, immunologic testing, and specific bronchoprovocation testing indicate exposure to moldy sugar beet pulp was the cause of the patient's occupational asthma. cooperation between the treating physician and public health authorities is encouraged.	1992	1600801
assessment of concentrations of beet necrotic yellow vein virus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.	a quantitative screening method based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv). with respect to the assessment of the dose-response curve, the response-error relation, and the precision profile the choice of concentrations and replications per concentration was investigated. special attention was given to control and fulfillment of validity assumptions as formulated by finney (1978). to this end the influence of the dilution medium fo ...	1992	1597507
a comparison, using dsrna analysis, between beet soil-borne virus and some other tubular viruses isolated from sugar beet.	double-stranded rna preparations from chenopodium quinoa leaves inoculated with two english isolates of beet soil-borne virus (bsbv), bsbv-n and bsbv-452n, a french isolate of beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv), a swedish isolate of a tubular beet virus (86-109) or a belgian isolate of a similar virus (1530) were compared following separation on non-denaturing polyacrylamide gels. the dsrnas of bnyvv differed in mobility from those isolated from tissue infected with the other four tubular b ...	1992	1588330
single- and double-stranded rnas associated with an isolate of beet soil-borne virus.	ethidium bromide staining of electrophoretically separated ssrnas and dsrnas as well as northern blot analyses with cdna clones suggested that the genome of the ahlum serotype of beet soil-borne virus (bsbv) consists of two major ssrna species of approximately 3.6 and 3.2 kb, respectively, and possibly a minor ssrna of approximately 6.0 kb. a few of our clones hybridized with both the 3.6-kb and the 3.2-kb rnas, the majority of the clones, however, hybridized only with the 3.2-kb rna. the 3.2-kb ...	1992	1568837
selenocysteyl-trnas recognize uga in beta vulgaris, a higher plant, and in gliocladium virens, a filamentous fungus.	selenocysteyl-trnas that decode uga were previously identified in representatives of three of the five life kingdoms which were the monera, animal and protist kingdoms. in the present study, we show that these trnas also occur in representatives of the two remaining kingdoms, plants and fungi; i.e., selenocysteyl-trnas which code for uga occur in beta vulgaris, a higher plant, and in gliocladium virens, a filamentous fungus. the fact that selenocysteyl-trnas are present in all five life kingdoms ...	1992	1567433
structural determinants in substrate recognition by proton-amino acid symports in plasma membrane vesicles isolated from sugar beet leaves.	amino acids are actively transported across the plasma membrane of plant cells by proton-coupled symports. previously, we identified four amino acid symports in isolated plasma membrane vesicles, including two porters for the neutral amino acids. here we investigated the effect of amino acid analogues on neutral amino acid transport to identify structural features that are important in molecular recognition by neutral system i (isoleucine) and neutral system ii (alanine and leucine). d-isomers o ...	1992	1567208
dna markers closely linked to nematode resistance genes in sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) mapped using chromosome additions and translocations originating from wild beets of the procumbentes section.	genes conferring resistance to the beet cyst nematode (heterodera schachtii schm.) have been transferred to sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) from three wild species of the procumbentes section using monosomic addition and translocation lines, because no meiotic recombination occurs between chromosomes of cultured and wild species. in the course of a project to isolate the nematode resistance genes by strategies of reverse genetics, probes were cloned from dna of a fragmented b. procumbens chromosom ...	1992	1557034
the sucrose carrier of the plant plasmalemma. iii. partial purification and reconstitution of active sucrose transport in liposomes.	the proteins from plasma membranes from sugar beet leaves were solubilized by 1% chaps and separated by size exclusion chromatography and by ion-exchange chromatography. the fractions enriched in sucrose transporter were monitored in three ways: differential labeling, elisa, and reconstitution in proteoliposomes. when the plasma membranes were differentially labeled by n-ethylamaleimide in the presence of sucrose, a major peak of differential labeling was found at 120 kda upon gel filtration. wh ...	1992	1543711
a number of subgenomic dnas are produced following agroinoculation of plants with beet curly top virus.	in addition to ss and ds genomic dna, agroinoculation of nicotiana benthamiana plants with the logan strain of the geminivirus beet curly top virus (bctv) consistently resulted in de novo production of subgenomic dnas on initial passage. single-stranded and dsdna forms representing at least seven size classes (0.8 to 1.8 kb) of subgenomic dna were observed in total dna extracts from inoculated plants. extracts from infected sugar beet and tomato contained variable but usually smaller amounts of ...	1992	1538189
two proteins encoded by beet necrotic yellow vein virus rna 3 influence symptom phenotype on leaves.	rna 3 of the beet necrotic yellow vein virus (bnyvv) quadripartite rna genome is not essential for virus multiplication on leaves of tetragonia expansa but has dramatic effects on symptom expression. virus isolates containing rna 3 produce bright yellow local lesions while isolates lacking rna 3 produce much milder symptoms. using directed mutagenesis of cdna clones followed by in vitro synthesis of biologically active transcripts, a 25 kda open reading frame (orf) of rna 3 was shown to be respo ...	1992	1537331
antibodies to mammalian and plant v-atpases cross react with the v-atpase of insect cation-transporting plasma membranes.	in immunobiochemical blots, polyclonal antibodies against subunits of plant and mammalian vacuolar-type atpases (v-atpases) cross-react strongly with corresponding subunits of larval manduca sexta midgut plasma membrane v-atpase. thus, rabbit antiserum against kalanchoe daigremontiana tonoplast v-atpase holoenzyme cross-reacts with the 67, 56, 40, 28 and 20 kda subunits of midgut v-atpase separated by sds-page. antisera against bovine chromaffin granule 72 and 39 kda v-atpase subunits cross-reac ...	1992	1534830
cis-active sequences near the 5'-termini of beet necrotic yellow vein virus rnas 3 and 4.	rnas 3 and 4 of the multicomponent genome of beet necrotic yellow vein virus are dispensable for infection of chenopodium quinoa leaves. we have used mutagenesis of biologically active rna 3 transcripts to identify 5'-proximal sequences essential in cis for rna 3 amplification. one such element, box i, (nucleotides 283-292) was complementary to the first 10 residues (box i') following the 5'-terminal cap. a second cis-active element (box ii) was identified between nucleotides 237-244 and was com ...	1992	1529554
a symptom variant of beet curly top geminivirus produced by mutation of open reading frame c4.	two beet curly top virus (bctv) mutants have been constructed in vitro that contain g-to-t transversions either at nucleotide 2682 or at nucleotide 2802 within the overlapping open reading frames (orfs) c1 and c4. the mutations introduce termination codons in orf c4 without affecting the amino acids encoded by orf c1. when agroinoculated into nicotiana benthamiana the mutants caused stunting and yellowing of the plant and downward leaf curl but not the vein swelling and upward leaf curl symptoms ...	1992	1529551
dsrna cloning and diagnosis of beet pseudo-yellows virus by pcr and nucleic acid hybridization.	dsrna has been extracted from beet pseudo-yellows virus infected cucumber plants, purified to homogeneity, and cdna clones to it produced. the clones are of insufficient sensitivity to detect infection-specific rna in dot and northern blots of crude nucleic acid extracts. however, a knowledge of the sequence of these clones has been used to synthesize oligonucleotides that have been used for polymerase chain reaction amplification of specific sequences from both purified dsrna and from infected ...	1992	1526749
tissue print-immunoblotting reveals an uneven distribution of beet necrotic yellow vein and beet soil-borne viruses in sugarbeets.	an uneven distribution of the coat protein antigens of beet necrotic yellow vein (bnyvv) and beet soil-borne (bsbv) viruses in tap roots of naturally infected sugarbeets and of bnyvv coat protein antigen in leaves and petioles of mechanically inoculated sugarbeet seedlings was detected by means of tissue print-immunoblotting. bnyvv antigen-containing areas in the tap roots were usually found underneath a root beard. occasionally bnyvv antigen was detected predominantly, but not exclusively in th ...	1992	1524497
matrix nadh dehydrogenases of plant mitochondria and sites of quinone reduction by complex i.	in order to distinguish the pathways involved in the oxidation of matrix nadh in plant mitochondria, the oxidation of nadh and nicotinamide hypoxanthine dinucleotide (reduced form) was investigated in submitochondrial particles prepared from beetroot (beta vulgaris l. cv. derwent globe) and soybeans (glycine max l. cv. bragg). nicotinamide-hypoxanthine-dinucleotide(reduced form)-oxidase activity was more strongly inhibited by rotenone than the nadh-oxidase activity but both of the rotenone-inhib ...	1992	1521539
computer-assisted assignment of functional domains in the nonstructural polyprotein of hepatitis e virus: delineation of an additional group of positive-strand rna plant and animal viruses.	computer-assisted comparison of the nonstructural polyprotein of hepatitis e virus (hev) with proteins of other positive-strand rna viruses allowed the identification of the following putative functional domains: (i) rna-dependent rna polymerase, (ii) rna helicase, (iii) methyltransferase, (iv) a domain of unknown function ("x" domain) flanking the papain-like protease domains in the polyproteins of animal positive-strand rna viruses, and (v) papain-like cysteine protease domain distantly relate ...	1992	1518855
gene rescue in plants by direct gene transfer of total genomic dna into protoplasts.	to study the possibility of gene rescue in plants by direct gene transfer we chose the arabidopsis mutant gh50 as a source of donor dna. gh50 is tolerant of chlorsulfuron, a herbicide of the sulfonylurea class. tobacco protoplasts were cotransfected with genomic dna and the plasmid php23 which confers kanamycin resistance. a high frequency of cointegration of the plasmid and the genomic dna was expected, which would allow the tagging of the plant selectable trait with the plasmid dna. after tran ...	1992	1508682
asymmetric somatic cell hybridization in plants. ii. electrophoretic analysis of radiation-induced dna damage and repair following the exposure of sugarbeet (beta vulgaris l.) protoplasts to uv and gamma rays.	as part of an investigation into whether it would be possible to use uv radiation as a suitable pretreatment of the donor cells in asymmetric hybridization experiments, the effects of this treatment on sugarbeet (beta vulgaris l.) protoplast dna have been determined and compared with those of gamma radiation. both nuclear and mitochondrial dnas have been examined. the dose ranges chosen had previously been determined to be potentially applicable for fusion experiments. pulsed field gel electroph ...	2006	1508156
asymmetric somatic cell hybridization in plants. i. the early effects of (sub)lethal doses of uv and gamma radiation on the cell physiology and dna integrity of cultured sugarbeet (beta vulgaris l.) protoplasts.	an investigation into the possible application of uv radiation as a pretreatment for the donor cells in asymmetric plant cell hybridization protocols has been carried out. a comparison was made between the effects of uv doses in the range 700-4200 j/m2 and those of 60co gamma radiation over the range 0.15-1 kgy on beta vulgaris suspension cell protoplasts. the investigation had two aspects. firstly, alterations to cell physiology (cell wall resynthesis, viability, division and colony formation) ...	1992	1508155
[liver diseases of fattening bulls].	the authors report on occurrence, causes and diagnostics of liver affections observed in fattening bulls in ukrainia between 1982 and 1988. for this purpose, 2747 bulls in 10 fattening plants had been controlled clinically once during the last month of their final fattening period (lasting, according to the feeding schedule, from the 4th until the 12th, or from the 6th until the 18th month of life), and 1318 of them were controlled for eventual hepatic lesions at slaughter. the authors found an ...	1992	1505364
cell membranes and multilamellar vesicles: influence of ph on solvent induced damage.	pigment leakage from sheep and horse erythrocytes and from red beet tissue induced by non-polar solvents was determined as a function of ph. the results were compared to disruption of multilamellar vesicles (mlv) composed of phospholipids with equimolar cholesterol under identical conditions of solvent exposure and ph. solvent access to cholesterol was used to measure vesicle disruption. mlv were made from 1,2-dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingomyelin (sp) and various phosphatidylcholines ...	1992	1487967
exploitation of gene(s) involved in 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol biosynthesis to confer a new biocontrol capability to a pseudomonas strain.	tn5 mutagenesis and complementation analysis were used to clone a 6-kb genomic fragment required for biosynthesis of 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (phl) from fluorescent pseudomonas sp. strain f113. a recombinant plasmid, pcu203, containing this region partially complemented a phl production-negative mutant (f113g22) derived from strain f113. when sugar beet seeds were sown into an unsterilized soil, in which sugar beet was subject to damping-off by pythium ultimum, the emergence of sugar beet seed ...	1992	1476431
isolation of dna markers linked to a beet cyst nematode resistance locus in beta patellaris and beta procumbens.	in cultivated beet no useful level of resistance of the beet cyst nematode (bcn) heterodera schachtii schm. has been found, unlike the situation in wild species of the section procumbentes. stable introgression of resistance genes from the wild species into beta vulgaris has not been achieved, but resistant monosomic additions (2n = 18 + 1), diploids of b. vulgaris with an extra alien chromosome carrying the resistance locus, have been obtained. here we describe a new series of resistant monosom ...	1992	1465114
cloning of ndhk from soybean chloroplasts using antibodies raised to mitochondrial complex i.	a soybean shoot cdna expression library was screened with polyclonal antibodies raised against red beet complex i and several clones were identified. one clone, consisting of a 1 kb insert, was fully sequenced. the sequence of 1025 bp was found to contain two extended open reading frames and the proteins encoded were identified as the ndhk and ndhj products of the chloroplast genome. nuclear, mitochondrial and chloroplast dna was isolated and probed with a ndhk-specific probe. the chloroplast dn ...	1992	1463827
tracer studies of urea kinetics in growing pigs: i. the effect of intravenous infusion of urea on urea recycling and the site of urea secretion into the gastrointestinal tract.	four gilts (average bw 80 kg) were used in the first experiment to study the effect of i.v. infusion of urea on urea kinetics by means of a radioisotope dilution technique. the pigs were fed twice daily 600 g of a cornstarch-based diet formulated to contain 16% cp by supplementation with isolated soy protein. infusion of urea, compared with saline, increased (p < .05) plasma urea concentration, urea pool size, urea entry, urea excretion, and urea degradation rates; urea turnover rate and urea sp ...	1992	1459907
the role of spectral and temporal cues in vowel identification by listeners with impaired hearing.	this study examined the use of duration and formant frequency in the labeling of synthetic cvc stimuli forming a beet-bit continuum. durational and f2 frequency cues to vowel identity varied systematically across stimuli. subjects with normal hearing tended to rely primarily on f2 frequency in vowel labeling, whereas subjects with impaired hearing relied less on f2 information. this group difference was observed even for stimuli with large f2 differences, which were easily discriminated by all s ...	1992	1447929
construction and characterisation of a yeast artificial chromosome library containing two haploid beta vulgaris l. genome equivalents.	we have constructed a yeast artificial chromosome (yac) library using high-molecular-weight dna prepared from agarose-embedded protoplasts of a sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) cell suspension line, ar+. this library contains 15,000 clones with an average insert size of 140 kb. based on a sugar beet haploid genome size of 1.1 x 10(3) mb it should represent approximately two haploid genome equivalents. the library is organised as an ordered array in duplicate microtitre plates. high-density filters, ...	1992	1446818
formation of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) by azotobacter vinelandii uwd.	azotobacter vinelandii uwd formed polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) copolymers containing beta-hydroxybutyrate and beta-hydroxyvalerate (hv) when grown in a medium containing glucose as the primary c source and valerate (pentanoate) as a precursor. copolymer was not formed when propionate was added to the glucose medium but was formed when heptanoate, nonanoate, or trans-2-pentenoate was present. optimal levels of hv were formed when valerate was added at the time of maximum pha synthesis, although hv ...	1992	1444399
toxin production by fusarium species from sugar beets and natural occurrence of zearalenone in beets and beet fibers.	fifty-five fusarium isolates belonging to nine species were collected from fungus-invaded tissue of stored sugar beets and identified as f. acuminatum (11 isolates), f. avenaceum (1 isolate), f. culmorum (1 isolate), f. equiseti (23 isolates), f. graminearum (4 isolates), f. oxysporum (1 isolate), f. solani (4 isolates), f. sporotrichioides (7 isolates), and f. subglutinans (2 isolates). all isolates were cultured on autoclaved rice grains and assayed for toxicity by feeding weanling female rats ...	1992	1444361
a dna library from an individual beta patellaris chromosome conferring nematode resistance obtained by microdissection of meiotic metaphase chromosomes.	we have used a standard protocol established for human chromosomes to create a chromosome-specific plasmid library from a beta patellaris chromosome conferring nematode resistance. a monosomic addition line was chosen carrying 18 sugar-beet (beta vulgaris l.) and one wild-beet (b. patellaris) chromosome. the wild-beet chromosome can readily be identified as a univalent during metaphase i of meiosis. highly synchronized meiotic material was used to excise the univalents from four pollen mother ce ...	1992	1421153
mutational analysis of the monopartite geminivirus beet curly top virus.	mutants of the monopartite geminivirus beet curly top virus have been screened for infectivity and symptom development in nicotiana benthamiana and beta vulgaris, for replication competence in n. benthamiana leaf discs, and for transmission by the leafhopper circulifer tenellus. disruption of open reading frame (orf) v2 by the introduction of a termination codon resulted in symptomless infection of n. benthamiana associated with low levels of virus and reduced single-stranded (ss) dna and preven ...	1992	1413511
coat protein gene duplication in a filamentous rna virus of plants.	computer-assisted analysis revealed a striking sequence similarity between the putative 24-kda protein (p24) encoded by open reading frame (orf) 5 of beet yellows closterovirus and the coat protein of this virus encoded by the adjacent orf6. both of these proteins are closely related to the homologous proteins of another closterovirus, citrus tristeza virus. it is hypothesized that the genes for coat protein and its diverged tandem copy have evolved by duplication. phylogenetic analysis using va ...	1992	1409617
agroinfection as an alternative to insects for infecting plants with beet western yellows luteovirus.	beet western yellows luteovirus, like other luteoviruses, cannot be transmitted to host plants by mechanical inoculation but requires an aphid vector, a feature that has heretofore presented a serious obstacle to the study of such viruses. in this paper we describe use of agroinfection to infect hosts with beet western yellows virus without recourse to aphids. agroinfection is a procedure for introducing a plant virus into a host via agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring a ti plasmid, which can ef ...	1992	1409615
[analysis of resins in the air, water and sugar beet leaves and roots by the method of thin layer chromatography].		2006	1398185
cloning and characterization of a pathogen-induced chitinase in brassica napus.	a chitinase cdna clone from rapeseed (brassica napus l. ssp. oleifera) was isolated. the cdna clone, chb4, represents a previously purified and characterized basic chitinase isozyme. the longest open reading frame in chb4 encodes a polypeptide of 268 amino acids. this polypeptide consists of a 24 amino acid n-terminal signal peptide, a cysteine-rich domain and a catalytic domain. the primary structure of the mature chb4 shows a low degree of identity with class i and ii chitinases, 43-48% and 35 ...	1992	1391771
detergent sensitivity of the tonoplast h(+)-atpase and its purification from beta vulgaris.	tonoplast membrane fractions were isolated from beetroot (beta vulgaris) using a refined method of preparation which significantly improved the yield of active tonoplast h(+)-atpase, and electron microscopy showed these fractions to be a preparation of small vesicles, of diameter 500 nm to 50 nm and a minor fraction consisting of mainly tubular membrane structures of diameter 5 nm and length up to 1 micron. the stability of the tonoplast h(+)-atpase was assessed in the presence of many biologica ...	1992	1387802
exogenous primer-independent cdna synthesis with commercial reverse transcriptase preparations on plant virus rna templates.	upon reverse transcription and cloning manipulations with virion rnas of several plant viruses, namely beet yellows virus, brome mosaic virus, and potato virus x, we came across a significant background synthesis of cdna on the virion rna template in vitro independent of exogenous primers added. when tested with beet yellow virus rna template, several commercial preparations of avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) reverse transcriptase showed the background activity monitored by the [alpha-32p]dntp ...	1992	1381874
cytoplasmic chloride regulates cation channels in the vacuolar membrane of plant cells.	this study is concerned with the characterization of the ionic currents in the vacuolar membrane (tonoplast) of plant cells. voltage patch-clamp experiments at the whole vacuole and single channel levels were employed to study the effects of cytoplasmic chloride on the tonoplast inward rectifying currents of sugar beet cultured cells. whole vacuole experiments showed that removal of cytoplasmic chloride induced a decrease in the level of the inward currents, an effect that was reversed upon retu ...	1992	1372938
epitope mapping on fragments of beet necrotic yellow vein virus coat protein.	the location of five sds-stable epitopes on the coat protein (cp) of beet necrotic yellow vein virus was determined by reacting escherichia coli-expressed free cp, as well as fusion proteins (fp) containing fragments of the cp, with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies on western blots. epitope 1, which has previously been found to be exposed on only one extremity of the virus particle, was located in the region between amino acids (aa) 1 and 7, i.e. on the n terminus of the cp. it was blocked w ...	1992	1372040
insect resistant cotton plants.	we have expressed truncated forms of the insect control protein genes of bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki hd-1(cryia(b) and hd-73 (cryia(c) in cotton plants at levels that provided effective control of agronomically important lepidopteran insect pests. total protection from insect damage of leaf tissue from these plants was observed in laboratory assays when tested with two lepidopteran insects, an insect relatively sensitive to the b.t.k. insect control protein, trichoplusia ni (cabbage loo ...	1990	1366777
extramarital sex amongst the beets--evidence for gene exchanges between sugar beet (beta vulgaris l.) and wild beets: consequences for transgenic sugar beets.		1992	1360265
feeding value of dried sugar beet pulp from egyptian production.	dried sugar beet pulp was fed to sheep in mixture with molasses (bpm), molasses plus urea (bpmu) or with hay (bph) in comparison to whole diet of hay (h) in four metabolic trials. there were no significant differences among the four rations although bpmu reflected the highest digestibility of nutrients. the bph had the highest feeding value (total digestible nutrients "tdn" and metabolizable energy) and caused the highest retention of nitrogen. blood profile revealed that there were no significa ...	1992	1338357
[comparison of some enzymatic methods for dietary fiber determination in foods].	comparison of three different enzymatic techniques for dietary fibre determination (hellendoorn, asp, aoac)) in five kinds of food (white bread, rye rolls, white cabbage, carrot and red beet) was the main purpose of this study. it was found that our results obtained by hellendoorn's method are overestimated and therefore are somewhat doubtful. for this reason the aoac method can be recommended as more accurate.	1992	1335163
potassium transport into plant vacuoles energized directly by a proton-pumping inorganic pyrophosphatase.	potassium is accumulated in plant vacuoles against an inside-positive membrane potential. the mechanism facilitating energized k+ transport has remained obscure. however, electrogenic activity of the inorganic pyrophosphatase (h(+)-ppase) at the vacuolar membrane is dependent on cytoplasmic k+, raising the possibility that the enzyme translocates k+ into the vacuole. membrane currents generated by the h(+)-ppase were measured (using a patch clamp technique) in intact vacuoles isolated from beta ...	1992	1334545
effect of a dietary fiber (beet fiber) on dimethylhydrazine-induced colon cancer in wistar rats.	the modifying effect of a dietary fiber, fibeta (beet fiber), on experimentally induced colorectal cancer was studied in wistar rats. the rats were fed a powdered semisynthetic casein-based diet in which the carbohydrate pool was substituted with fibeta as the sole source of fiber. dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (dmh-2hcl) was used as initiator in a dose of 20 mg/kg body wt and given by gavage once a week for 10 weeks. throughout the experiment the rats were offered the diets with different l ...	1992	1331991
in vitro buffering capacity changes of seven commodities under controlled moisture and heating conditions.	effects of adding 0 or .25 g of water/g of feed and heating for 0, 20, or 40 h at 100 degrees c on buffering capacity of beet pulp, almond hulls, alfalfa hay, oat hay, wheat bran, oat bran, and barley were determined in vitro. feeds were examined for ash, n, ndf, adf, acid detergent lignin, total buffering capacity (ph 4 to 9), and physiological buffering capacity (ph 5.5 to 7). minerals were measured at 0 g of water/g of feed, 0 h of heat and at .25 g of water/g of feed, 40 h of heat; differenc ...	1992	1317895
dietary fiber for dogs: iii. effects of beet pulp and oat fiber additions to dog diets on nutrient intake, digestibility, metabolizable energy, and digesta mean retention time.	the objective of this experiment was to determine whether alkaline hydrogen peroxide-treated oat hulls (termed oat fiber; of) are nutritionally efficacious as a source of dietary fiber in meat-based dog foods. thirty female english pointers were assigned in a completely randomized design to isonitrogenous diets. treatments were 1) control diet, 2) 7.5% added beet pulp (bp), and 3) 2.5, 4) 5.0, and 5) 7.5% added of. inclusion of 7.5% bp increased (p less than .05) dm intake and decreased (p less ...	1992	1316346
radiation-inactivation analysis of vacuolar h(+)-atpase and h(+)-pyrophosphatase from beta vulgaris l. functional sizes for substrate hydrolysis and for h+ transport.	the functional sizes of the vacuolar h(+)-atpase (v-atpase; ec 3.6.1.34) and h(+)-pyrophosphatase (ppase; ec 3.6.1.1) from vacuolar membranes of red beet (beta vulgaris l.) were estimated by radiation inactivation, both for substrate hydrolysis and for h+ transport. for the v-atpase, the radiation-inactivation size for h+ transport was 446 (403-497) kda and that for atp hydrolysis was 394 (359-435) kda. the low values of both of these estimates suggest that not all subunits which may co-purify w ...	1992	1315516
the effects of sugar-beet fibre supplementation for five weeks on zinc, iron and copper status in human subjects.	the present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of fibre supplementation on zinc, iron and copper status in human subjects. ten males (53 +/- 8 years of age) participated in this study which consisted of three phases: baseline-1 period (2 weeks) in which subjects were on their normal, habitual dietary intake, followed by a period of fibre supplementation (5 weeks) in which subjects were supplemented with 26 g dietary fibre/d, and baseline-2 period (4 weeks) in which fibre supplement was ...	1992	1313763
bile acid metabolism in rats fed two levels of corn oil and brans of oat, rye and barley and sugar beet fiber.	high concentrations of fecal bile acids are associated with a higher incidence of colon cancer. dietary changes that alter bile acid metabolism are therefore of interest. here, we report the effect of feeding diets containing four fiber sources and two fat levels for 7 wk on bile acid excretion and small intestinal bile acids (an index of pool size) in rats. the fiber sources were oat bran, rye bran, barley bran and sugar beet fiber. fiber-containing diets were 8% dietary fiber and contained eit ...	1992	1311754
effects of dietary fermentable fiber on fatty acid synthesis and triglyceride secretion in rats fed fructose-based diet: studies with sugar-beet fiber.	in an attempt to elucidate the role of the dietary fermentable fiber in reduction of hyperlipidemia, we substituted 30% wheat starch with 30% sugar-beet fiber in rats fed a fructose-based (41% fructose), low-fat (2% corn oil) diet. male wistar rats ate the test diets for 3 weeks. feeding the sugar-beet fiber (sbf) diet resulted in a significant enlargement of the cecum; it also increased the concentration of volatile fatty acids compared with rats fed a fiber-free (ff) diet. feeding sbf decrease ...	1992	1311452
[effect of the fermentation process on levels of nitrates and nitrites in selected vegetables].	the aim of this study was to follow the changes in the levels of nitrates and nitrites throughout the process of fermentation of sauerkraut from white and red cabbage and red beets. the nitrate and nitrite levels were determined in raw and fermentation as well as in red beets and "beet acid" after a week of souring. nitrate were determined by the brucine method, while nitrates by the griess colorimetric method. mean reduction of nitrates in sauerkraut (in relation to raw cabbage) was ca. 55.5% a ...	1992	1308742
distribution of aflatoxin-producing moulds and aflatoxins in dairy cattle feed and raw milk.	distribution of aflatoxigenic moulds and aflatoxin b1 in yugoslav dairy cattle feeds as well as the presence of aflatoxin b1 and m1 in raw milk, was tested. the experiments were carried out through three years (in all seasons). samples were taken from state and private farms in vojvodina. feeds were contaminated in 83-100% with moulds. fungi of farms in vojvodina. feeds were contaminated in 83-100% with moulds. fungi of aspergillus flavus-oryzae group were present permanently and the highest inc ...	1992	1307441
ochratoxigenic moulds and ochratoxin a in forages and grain feeds.	the contamination of forages and grain feeds with ochratoxigenic moulds and ochratoxin a was examined. the investigations were carried out over a period of three years in all seasons. feeds were found to be contaminated with moulds at a high level throughout the three research years. the highest percentage (95 to 100) of contaminated feed samples was noticed during the second year. total viable counts of moulds established in 1 g of feed samples ranged from 0.5 to 7.8 x 10(6). penicillium spp. w ...	1992	1298163
comparison of energy deposition and utilization of feedstuffs and rations between growing and adult pigs.	the effect of energy deposition and the utilization of feedstuffs and rations were compared between growing and adult pigs. the good agreement in the data leads to the conclusion, that the energy deposition effect of feedstuffs and rations in growing pigs can be estimated with an equation based on measurements in adult pigs. exceptions are feedstuffs which are digested bacterially to a relatively high part in the large intestine, as e.g. sugar beet pulp, raw potatoes or similar feed.	1992	1297301
characterization of aliphatic amine 1,4-diazobicyclo (2,2,2) octane-induced stimulation of beet spinach thylakoid electron transport.	electron transport activity of beet spinach thylakoids was enhanced in the presence of aliphatic amine, dabco (1,4-diazobicyclo (2,2,2) octane), a hydrophilic proton trapping agent. the extent of stimulation was ph-dependent and similar to the effect of the uncoupler ammonium chloride on electron transport. the stimulation of whole-chain (h2o-->mv) electron transport activity was observed only at high (rate-saturating) light intensity. the light-induced proton uptake coupled to electron transpor ...	1992	1294467
qualitative tests for added coloring matter in meat products.	the rapid qualitative detection of coal tar dyes, chemicals added to color meat products, and some natural coloring materials was investigated through extraction and subsequent identification by spectrophotometric, paper chromatographic, and specific reaction techniques. these techniques will detect the presence of coal tar dyes, imidazole, histamine, histidine, cochineal, beet powder, annatto, alkanet, carotene, paprika, saffron, turmeric, and materials causing discoloration in meats.	1976	1270383
anaphylactoid reactions in connection with infusion of invert sugar solutions are due to macromolecular contaminants.	13 untoward mold anaphylactoid reactions were observed in patients infused with invert sugar solutions in sweden during a 7-month period in 1973: an incidence of 1/31,000 infusions. immunological and physicochemical analysis of invert sugar solutions and of the raw material, sucrose, revealed traces of native alpha-1,6-glucan with molecular weight of 10-100 millions as contaminant. this indicates, that the sucrose had been exposed to microbial contamination during its manufacture from sugar-beet ...	1976	1270158
comparative evaluation of the enzyme multiplicity in a diploid, a triploid and a tetraploid sugar beet variety.		1991	1263460
efficiency of bacterial protein synthesis in the rumen of sheep receiving a diet of sugar beet pulp and barley.		1976	1263457
the effect of frequency of feeding on milk secretion in the ayrshire cow.	four ayrshire cows in their second lactation were used in a 4 x 4 latin square experiment to determine the effects of frequency of feeding on milk secretion. the animals were given a diet consisting of hay, sugar-beet pulp and dairy concentrates (34-9:19-7:45-5 on a dry-matter basis) either in 2 equal meals/d at 07.00 and 17.00 h or with the hay in 4 meals at 07.00, 12.00, 17.00 and 22.00 h and the sugar-beet pulp and concentrates in 24-h meals. each feeding frequency was tested at 2 levels of f ...	1976	1262561
isolation and characterization of the 'photosynthetic' phosphoglycerate kinase from beta vulgaris.	1. phosphoglycerate kinase has been isolated from a photosynthetic plant tissue, beta vulgaris leaves. the purification procedure is described. 2. the best preparation had no detectable impurity on electrophoresis, and had a specific activity comparable with the same enzyme from other sources. 3. the molecular weight was not distinguishably different from that of the yeast or muscle enzyme, as measured by polyacrylamide-dodecylsulphate electrophoresis. measurement of aromatic and sulphydryl resi ...	1976	1261557
[studies with ammonized straw pellets used as a sole basal diet in the feeding of ruminants. 1. feeding trials with dairy cows fed ammonized straw pellets as a sole basal diet].	feeding trials were performed with two groups of dairy cows receiving ammonized straw pellets supplemented with varying levels of concentrates as sole basal diet. the trials were carried out over periods of 546 days and 120 days. an annual milk production of 4217.9 kgs (calculated on the basis of 3.5% of milk fat) per cow was achieved in group i by feeding 3060.6 kgs of straw pellets and 2014.7 kgs of concentrates per animal. after subtracting all additives an amount of 2641.1 kgs of pure straw ...	1975	1241939
[fungus diseases of sugar beet leaf and root aphids].		2006	1240578
[studies on the suitability of solid materials in porcine feces for use in the fattening of cattle. 1. procedure and results of fattening trials].	mixtures of pelleted fool containing 30% or 50% of solid material from pig semi-liquid manure were fed to fattening bulls in a 252-day feeding trial. the controls (comprising 9 animals each) received pelleted straw concentrates. the digestibility of the pellets used in these trials was tested on sheep. the animals accepted these pellets readily after a period of adjustment (consumption of dry matter per animal per day: 7.58 kg and 8.20 kg). the daily weight gains of the experimental animals were ...	1975	1233977
[studies of the influence of nutritional factors on the ruminal mucosa. 1. structure and functional state of the ruminal mucosa after feeding of extreme rations and abrupt change in nutrition].	different rations were used in successive experimental periods (dried green feeds (i), fresh green feed from sugar beet tops (ii), concentrates (iii, iv), and maize silage (v), to test the effect they have on the structure and oxidative functions of the ruminal mucosa in cattle. rations i, ii, iv, and v were both energy and protein equivalent. biopsy specimens from ruminal papillae were taken on the day when rations were suddenly changed and on the 21st and 22nd day of the feeding period; they w ...	1975	1233943
[some problems of work hygiene in the use of polychlorocamphene in sugar beet growing].		1975	1205221
[influence of the cecum, in geese fed diets containing urea, on n-metabolism and digestibility of nutrients and on urea concentration in excrements and blood].	balance experiments were performed on six normal young geese and on six geese with a ligated caecum. the ration consisted of 43.25% barley, 30% sugar beet slices, 20% cellulose, 1.4% maize germ oil, 3% mineral mixture, 1% concentrate of vitamins and growth factors, 1.25% urea and 0.1% lysine. daily nitrogen balance was similar in the two groups (average 1051 mg in the controls and 1090 mg in the experimental birds). crude protein digestibility was 82.4 +/- 1.1% in the controls and 84.9 +/- 1% in ...	1975	1200751
[enzymatic decomposition of pectin in the presence of amino acids and proteins].	the influence of amino acids--glycine, alpha-alanine, lysine, phenylalanine, serine, methionine, cysteine, tryptophan, aspartic acid and asparagine--and proteins--chick egg albumin and autolysate of aspergillus niger biomass--on the disintegration of beet pectine by the asp. niger enzymic preparation was investigated. this process was shown to depend on the chemical composition and concentration of amino acids and the protein nature. all the tested amino acids, except tryptophan, at doses of 0.0 ...	1975	1187572
[intoxication in cattle caused by a batch of sugar beet pulp (author's transl)].	during the period from dec. 7th 1972 to jan. 8th 1973 76 cattle deaths were reported in 20 herds on the island of møon and the adjacent south-eastern area of sealand. the disease was characterized by a sudden onset and a rapid and invariably fatal course. initially, there was a loss of appetite, depression, excessive salivation and incoordination. these symptoms progressed to paralysis and, in some animals, trmor and convulsions. death usually ensued less than 2 hours after the first observation ...	1975	1181552
[in the near future will women be able to choose the sex of their children by following a diet?].	the evidence for the author's hypothesis, that the sex ratio may be altered by the ionic environment during fertilization is presented. in the 1930's, it was discovered that the proportion of males increased as the ratio of potassium to calcium + magnesium ions increased for several marine species: an invertebrate bonellia viridis, aquarium fish aphyosemion microphtalmum, amphibian discoglossus pictus, dinophilus apatris, and some eels. these sex ratios cannot be affected by manipulating the ...	1975	1136075
size, conformation and purity of chloroplast dna of some higher plants.	1. chloroplast dna of antirrhinum majus, oenothera hookeri, beta vulgaris and spinacia oleracea band at the same buoyant density of 1.697 g-cm-3 in neutral cscl equilibrium gradients. the corresponding nuclear dnas band at 1.691, 1.703, 1.695 and 1.695 g-cm-3, respectively. the purity of chloroplast and nuclear dna can be assessed objectively only in the cases of antirrhinum and oenothera. 2. electron microscopic analysis of chloroplast dna, purified in cscl or cscl/ethidium bromide gradients, r ...	1975	1092350
[protein utilization of mixed feed rations in lactating pigs with reference to the essential amino acid content of the feed proteins. 2. report. utilization of the feed proteins in the use of soy bean extraction residue, waste liquor yeast, horse bean meal fish meal and maize gluten for a basic ration].	nitrogen trials were performed on lactating pigs to investigate the utilization of protein from some feeding rations. the basal ration fed to the sows consisted of ground barley+oats+flaked potatoes or ground barley+sugar beet chips. the basal ration was supplemented with a protein source. the protein feeds used were extracted soya bean meal, horse bean meal, fish meal, maize gluten and waste liquor yeast. data for the average biological value of the dietary proteins were as follows (in the give ...	1976	1035091
[aneuploids from the progeny of triploid sugar beets].	the crossing of sugar beet triploids with triploids (3x x 3x) produced 25.1 +/- 5.16% of aneuploids, the crossing of triploids with tetraploids (3x x 4x) resulted in 17.7 +/- +/- 2.66% of aneuploids, and the crossing of triploids with diploids (3x x 2x) yielded 12.4 +/- 2.36% of aneuploids. in the combinations 3x x 2x and 3x x 4x all the theoretically possible forms of aneuploids were observed. after free pollination of aneuploids with different numbers of chromosomes their progenies comprise 71 ...	2008	1030859
[primary selection of active strains of penicillia and their utilization for controlling sugar beet black root].		2006	1012078
[effect of carboxyline on some metabolic processes and the productivity of cattle during fattening].	feeding carboxylin to bulls of the black-piebald breed for six months with the beet-cutting fattening essentially increases assimilation of nitrogen, in particular of diammonium phosphate nitrogen, from the ration. in the experiments with liver sections and homogenates of animals of the control and experimental groups it is established that carboxylin activates incorporation of acetate-2-14 c into proteins and lipids as well as from nah14co3 into the acid-soluble organic substances. in the liver ...	1976	941316
specially designed sweeteners and food for diabetics--a real need?	in the first part of this study, the effect of four isocaloric mixed breakfast meals on the blood glucose and urinary glucose losses was tested in nine adult diabetics and in three healthy subjects, ages 60 to 75. three of the test meals consisted of a base diet supplemented with applesauce sweetened with sucrose, fructose, or sorbitol. in the fourth test meal, the starch was increased together with saccharine. in the second part of the study, analyses for free glucose and sucrose in several tim ...	1976	937227
polygalacturonase activity of penicillum sp 7/4b/ei 1 mutant grown on some by-products of food industry.	pectolytic activity of the penicillum sp 7/4b/e11 mutant, which synthesized effectively pg and was not capable of producing pe, was studied on some by-products of food industries (apple pulp, beet pulp, and mixtures of apple pulp or beet pulp with wheat bran) supplemented in some experiments with mineral salts of the czapek's medium. the strain showed good growth but a low pg activity when grown on by-products without mineral salts and an increase in pg activity after cultivation on these by-pro ...	1976	937088
[s-methylmethionine content in plant and animal tissues and stability during storage].	the content of s-methylmethionine smm in the extracts of 53 plant and 13 animal products by means of ion exchange clean-up procedure followed by two dimensional thin layer chromatography has been investigated. it was found that the richest plant smm sources (in mg/100 g) are cabbage (53-104), kohlrabi (81-110), turnip (51-72), tomatoes (45-83), celery (38-78), leeks (66-75), garlic-leafs (44-64), beet (22-37), raspberries (27) and strawberries (14-25). the animal products are poor in smm. the co ...	1977	927476
annulate lamellae in phloem cells of virus-infected sonchus plants.	the occurrence of annulate lamellae (al) in differentiating phloem of sonchus oleraceus (compositae) singly infected with sowthistle yellow vein virus (syvv) and doubly infected with a combination of syvv and beet yellow stunt virus is documented by electron microscopy. cell types in which al were found were immature sieve elements and phloem parenchyma cells. al were found only in cells that also contained syvv particles although a direct association between the virus and al was not apparent. t ...	1977	873998
purification and some properties of beet yellows virus.		1977	841873
the protein and nucleic acid of beet yellows virus.		1977	841854
comparative immunochemistry of bacterial, algal and plant ferredoxins.	1. antibodies were produced in rabbits to the 4fe-4s ferrodoxins from bacillus stearothermophilus, the 2 [4fe-4s] ferredoxin from clostridium pasteurianum, and the 2fe-2s ferredoxins from the blue-green algia spirulina maxima, the green alga scenedesmus obliquus, and the higher plant beta vulgaris. the antibodies were tested for immunoprecipitation activity with seven bacterial, twelve blue-green algal, six eukaryotic algal and six higher plant ferredoxins. 2. antibodies to the bacterial ferredo ...	1977	836867
the action of hydrogen peroxide on the hydroxylation of p-coumaric acid by spinach-beet phenolase.	treatment of spinach-beet phenolase with h2o2 under aerobic conditions results in a stimulation of the p-coumaric acid hydroxylation it catalyses, but not the caffeic acid oxidation. spectroscopic evidence suggests that an oxygenated enzyme species is formed under these conditions.	1975	814897
[analytical evidences of sugar added to wine].	in many countries addition of sugar to the grape must for increasing the alcohol concentration is autorized by regulation. this addition must be supervised by a priori and a posteriori controls. the saccharose from sugar beet contrains 100 mg/kg of betain, which can be determined in wine after purification by ion exchange and gas chromatography of a decomposition product of its butylester. methyl betaine has been used as internal standard to improve the method. the natural wine contains low quan ...	1978	754584
biological protection of emerging sugar-beet against damping-off established by mycoparasitism in non-sterilized soil.		1978	726716
relation of pythium oligandrum drechsler to bacteria, actinomyces, and several fungi inhabiting the rhizosphere of the emerging sugar-beet.		1978	726707
parasitic relationships between pythium oligandrum drechsler and some other species of the oomycetes class.	parasitic relationships between pythium oligandrum drechsler and some phytopathogenic species of the oomycetes class were investigated on agar plates. a high parasitic ability of pythium oligandrum on pythium ultimum trow, p. debaryanum hesse, and aphanomyces laevis de by species was proved in this study of relationships among these fungi, commonly populating the rhizosphere of emerging sugar beet. p. oligandrum produces numerous thin haustorial threads, searching the hyphae of host species and ...	1978	726706
the intake of nitrate, nitrite and volatile n-nitrosamines and the occurrence of volatile n-nitrosamines in human urine and veal calves.	a hundred samples of total diets, 19 samples of cheese (mainly dutch), a total of 30 samples of muscle, fat liver, kidney, blood and fried meat from experimental veal calves (fed daily with 0.6 or 300 mg of potassium nitrate per kg b.w.) and 14 samples of urine of patients medicated with massive amounts of ammonium nitrate (up to an equivalent of 180 mg potassium nitrate per kg b.w.) have been analysed with gc-tea for their content of the following n-nitrosamines: ndma, ndea, ndpa, ndba, npip, n ...	1978	680737
nitrite studies in oesophageal cancer.	as nitrate consumption may have considerable importance for the in vivo formation of nitrites and potentially carcinogenic n-nitroso compounds, we have studied salivary nitrite levels in patients with oesophageal cancer and adult volunteers before and after administering 100 ml beet juice containing 160 mg nitrate. initial salivary nitrite levels were slightly lower in the cancer patients, perhaps because of previous malnutrition. in both groups there was a marked increase in salivary nitrite le ...	1978	631641
[adjustment of the ammonia level in the rumen by sorption on bentonite and dried beet pulp].	the effect was studied of bentonite and spent sugar beet pulp on the ammonia level in the rumen juice sheep fed hay, ground barley and a urea supplementation. in comparison with a control trial, the nitrogen supply to the rumen juice proved more continuous, this fact improving the conditions for the microbial protein synthesis at the time fo the strongest fermentation. the interaction of bentonite, beet pectin and ammonium ions is attributed to the ion exchange.	1977	603395
studies of the mycoparasitism in rhizosphere of emerging sugar-beet.	pythium oligandrum drechsler was found as a very weak pathogen of emerging sugar-beet by means of the inoculation of the sterilized soil. the hyperparasitic ability of pythium oligandrum drechsler to relative species, viz. pythium ultimum trow and pythium debaryanum (hesse) were proved in rhizosphere of emerging sugar-beet. the rhizosphere soil inoculation by p. ultimum resulted in the sugar-beet emergence about 3% while the sugar-beet emergence achieved 110% if p. ultimum and p. oligandrum were ...	1978	576111
[effect of high-carbohydrate diet in the form of sugar beet on glucose and ketone body levels in the blood serum of highly pregnant and freshly lactating cows].	in an experiment using 24 high-yielding cows (3rd and 6th lactations), group ii was fed sugar beet as carbohydrate source (2 kg dm per animal and day) for 4 weeks before and for 4 weeks after parturition, whilst group i was given the equivalent amount of dried spent beet pulp. sugar beet feeding during the dry period caused the glucose level in the blood to rise significantly from 48 to 55 mg/100 ml. on the 21st day of lactation the glucose concentration in group ii (27 mg) had declined more str ...	1977	564173